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Thamamongood T, Jengarn J, Muangsanit P, Petpiroon N, Srisutthisamphan K, Attasombat K, Wongwanakul R, Aueviriyavit S, Laohathai S, Jongkaewwattana A, Teeravechyan S. Pseudotyped zoonotic thogotoviruses exhibit broad entry range in mammalian cells. Virology 2024; 589:109914. [PMID: 37931589 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.109914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Viruses in the thogotovirus genus of the family Orthomyxoviridae are much less well-understood than influenza viruses despite documented zoonotic transmission and association with human disease. This study therefore developed a cell-cell fusion assay and three pseudotyping tools and used them to assess envelope function and cell tropism. Envelope glycoproteins of Dhori (DHOV), Thogoto (THOV), Bourbon, and Sinu viruses were all revealed to exhibit pH-dependent triggering of membrane fusion. Lentivirus vectors were robustly pseudotyped with these glycoproteins while influenza virus vectors showed pseudotyping compatibility, albeit at lower efficiencies. Replication-competent vesicular stomatitis virus expressing DHOV or THOV glycoproteins were also successfully generated. These pseudotyped viruses mediated entry into a wide range of mammalian cell lines, including human primary cells. The promiscuousness of these viruses suggests the use of a relatively ubiquitous receptor and their entry into numerous mammalian cells emphasize their high potential as veterinary and zoonotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiprampai Thamamongood
- Virology and Cell Technology Research Team, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Juggragarn Jengarn
- Virology and Cell Technology Research Team, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Papon Muangsanit
- Virology and Cell Technology Research Team, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Nalinrat Petpiroon
- Nano Safety and Bioactivity Research Team, National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Kanjana Srisutthisamphan
- Virology and Cell Technology Research Team, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Khemphitcha Attasombat
- Virology and Cell Technology Research Team, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Ratjika Wongwanakul
- Nano Safety and Bioactivity Research Team, National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Sasitorn Aueviriyavit
- Nano Safety and Bioactivity Research Team, National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Sira Laohathai
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Anan Jongkaewwattana
- Virology and Cell Technology Research Team, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Samaporn Teeravechyan
- Virology and Cell Technology Research Team, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand.
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Donnelley M, Cmielewski P, Knight E, Carpentieri C, McCarron A, Rout-Pitt N, Parsons D, Farrow N. Repeat or single-dose lentiviral vector administration to mouse lungs? It's all about the timing. Gene Ther 2023; 30:698-705. [PMID: 37165031 PMCID: PMC10506910 DOI: 10.1038/s41434-023-00403-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Lentiviral vectors are attractive delivery vehicles for cystic fibrosis gene therapy owing to their low immunogenicity and ability to integrate into the host cell genome, thereby producing long-term, stable gene expression. Nonetheless, repeat dosing may be required to increase initial expression levels, and/or boost levels when they wane. The primary aim of this study was to determine if repeat dosing of a VSV-G pseudotyped LV vector delivered into mouse lungs is more effective than a single dose. C57Bl/6 mouse lungs were conditioned with lysophosphatidylcholine, followed one-hour later by a LV vector carrying the luciferase reporter gene, using six different short-term (≤1 wk) and long-term (>1 wk) dosing schedules. Luciferase expression was quantified using bioluminescence imaging over 12 months. Most dosing schedules produced detectable bioluminescence over the 12-month period, but the shorter intervals (≤1 wk) produced higher levels of flux than the longest interval (five doses at least 1-month apart). Ex vivo lung analysis at 12 months showed that the estimated mean flux for the group that received two doses 1-week apart was significantly greater than the single dose group and the two groups that received doses over a period greater than 1-week. These results suggest that early consecutive multiple doses are more effective at improving gene expression in mouse lungs at 12 months, than longer repeat dosing intervals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Donnelley
- Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
- Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
| | - Patricia Cmielewski
- Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Emma Knight
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Chantelle Carpentieri
- Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Alexandra McCarron
- Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Nathan Rout-Pitt
- Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - David Parsons
- Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Nigel Farrow
- Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
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Kwak G, Lee D, Suk JS. Advanced approaches to overcome biological barriers in respiratory and systemic routes of administration for enhanced nucleic acid delivery to the lung. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2023; 20:1531-1552. [PMID: 37946533 PMCID: PMC10872418 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2023.2282535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Numerous delivery strategies, primarily novel nucleic acid delivery carriers, have been developed and explored to enable therapeutically relevant lung gene therapy. However, its clinical translation is yet to be achieved despite over 30 years of efforts, which is attributed to the inability to overcome a series of biological barriers that hamper efficient nucleic acid transfer to target cells in the lung. AREAS COVERED This review is initiated with the fundamentals of nucleic acid therapy and a brief overview of previous and ongoing efforts on clinical translation of lung gene therapy. We then walk through the nature of biological barriers encountered by nucleic acid carriers administered via respiratory and/or systemic routes. Finally, we introduce advanced strategies developed to overcome those barriers to achieve therapeutically relevant nucleic acid delivery efficiency in the lung. EXPERT OPINION We are now stepping close to the clinical translation of lung gene therapy, thanks to the discovery of novel delivery strategies that overcome biological barriers via comprehensive preclinical studies. However, preclinical findings should be cautiously interpreted and validated to ultimately realize meaningful therapeutic outcomes with newly developed delivery strategies in humans. In particular, individual strategies should be selected, tailored, and implemented in a manner directly relevant to specific therapeutic applications and goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gijung Kwak
- Department of Neurosurgery and Medicine Institute for Neuroscience Discovery (UM-MIND), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Daiheon Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery and Medicine Institute for Neuroscience Discovery (UM-MIND), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jung Soo Suk
- Department of Neurosurgery and Medicine Institute for Neuroscience Discovery (UM-MIND), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Center for Nanomedicine, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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4
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Allaire NE, Griesenbach U, Kerem B, Lueck JD, Stanleigh N, Oren YS. Gene, RNA, and ASO-based therapeutic approaches in Cystic Fibrosis. J Cyst Fibros 2023; 22 Suppl 1:S39-S44. [PMID: 36658041 PMCID: PMC10012168 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2022.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Most people with Cystic Fibrosis (PwCF) harbor Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance (CFTR) mutations that respond to highly effective CFTR modulators (HEM); however, a small fraction of non-responsive variants will require alternative approaches for treatment. Furthermore, the long-term goal to develop a cure for CF will require novel therapeutic strategies. Nucleic acid-based approaches offer the potential to address all CF-causing mutations and possibly a cure for all PwCF. In this minireview, we discuss current knowledge, recent progress, and critical questions surrounding the topic of Gene-, RNA-, and ASO-based therapies for the treatment of Cystic Fibrosis (CF).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Uta Griesenbach
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London and the UK Respiratory Gene Therapy Consortium, UK
| | - Batsheva Kerem
- Department of Genetics, The Life Sciences Institute, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - John D Lueck
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Noemie Stanleigh
- Department of Genetics, The Life Sciences Institute, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yifat S Oren
- SpliSenseTherapeutics, Biohouse Labs, Haddasah Ein Karem, Jerusalem, IL
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5
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Lamichhane P, Schmidt ME, Terhüja M, Varga SM, Snider TA, Rostad CA, Oomens AGP. A live single-cycle RSV vaccine expressing prefusion F protein. Virology 2022; 577:51-64. [PMID: 36306605 PMCID: PMC10104964 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2022.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Live-attenuated Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccines given intranasally have potential to provide comprehensive protection, including lung-resident immunity. It has however proven challenging to impart both sufficient safety and efficacy in a vaccine. To achieve the latter, we used a trans-complementing approach to generate live single-cycle RSV vaccines expressing the prefusion form (preF) of the viral fusion protein (F), either membrane-anchored or secreted. Both viruses were tested for their ability to induce a protective immune response in mice after intranasal prime-boost vaccination. The secreted preF vaccine failed to induce a protective response. The anchored preF vaccine induced anti-preF antibodies and antiviral T cells, and protected mice from lung pathology and viral shedding after challenge. Neither vaccine induced anti-G antibodies, for reasons unknown. In spite of the latter and single-cycle replication, the membrane-anchored preF vaccine was protective and demonstrates potential for development of an efficacious live vaccine with a stable safety phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramila Lamichhane
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Megan E Schmidt
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Megolhubino Terhüja
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Steven M Varga
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Timothy A Snider
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Christina A Rostad
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA; Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
| | - Antonius G P Oomens
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA.
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Bisserier M, Sun XQ, Fazal S, Turnbull IC, Bonnet S, Hadri L. Novel Insights into the Therapeutic Potential of Lung-Targeted Gene Transfer in the Most Common Respiratory Diseases. Cells 2022; 11:984. [PMID: 35326434 PMCID: PMC8947048 DOI: 10.3390/cells11060984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decades, a better understanding of the genetic and molecular alterations underlying several respiratory diseases has encouraged the development of new therapeutic strategies. Gene therapy offers new therapeutic alternatives for inherited and acquired diseases by delivering exogenous genetic materials into cells or tissues to restore physiological protein expression and/or activity. In this review, we review (1) different types of viral and non-viral vectors as well as gene-editing techniques; and (2) the application of gene therapy for the treatment of respiratory diseases and disorders, including pulmonary arterial hypertension, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, cystic fibrosis, asthma, alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, non-small-cell lung cancer, and COVID-19. Further, we also provide specific examples of lung-targeted therapies and discuss the major limitations of gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malik Bisserier
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA; (M.B.); (S.F.); (I.C.T.)
| | - Xiao-Qing Sun
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Shahood Fazal
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA; (M.B.); (S.F.); (I.C.T.)
| | - Irene C. Turnbull
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA; (M.B.); (S.F.); (I.C.T.)
| | - Sébastien Bonnet
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Québec Heart and Lung Institute Research Centre, Québec, QC G1V4G5, Canada;
- Department of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC G1V4G5, Canada
| | - Lahouaria Hadri
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA; (M.B.); (S.F.); (I.C.T.)
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7
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Farrow N, Cmielewski P, Delhove J, Rout-Pitt N, Vaughan L, Kuchel T, Christou C, Finnie J, Smith M, Knight E, Donnelley M, Parsons D. Towards Human Translation of Lentiviral Airway Gene Delivery for Cystic Fibrosis: A One-Month CFTR and Reporter Gene Study in Marmosets. Hum Gene Ther 2021; 32:806-816. [PMID: 33446042 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2020.267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene therapy continues to be a promising contender for the treatment of cystic fibrosis (CF) airway disease. We have previously demonstrated that airway conditioning with lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) followed by delivery of a HIV-1-based lentiviral (LV) vector functionally corrects the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) defect in the nasal airways of CF mice. In our earlier pilot study we showed that our technique can transduce marmoset lungs acutely; this study extends that work to examine gene expression in this nonhuman primate (NHP) 1 month after gene vector treatment. A mixture of three separate HIV-1 vesicular stomatitis virus G (VSV-G)-pseudotyped LV vectors containing the luciferase (Luc), LacZ, and hCFTR transgenes was delivered into the trachea through a miniature bronchoscope. We examined whether a single-dose delivery of LV vector after LPC conditioning could increase levels of transgene expression in the trachea and lungs compared with control (phosphate-buffered saline [PBS]) conditioning. At 1 month, bioluminescence was detected in vivo in the trachea of three of the six animals within the PBS control group, compared with five of the six LPC-treated animals. When examined ex vivo there was weak evidence that LPC improves tracheal Luc expression levels. In the lungs, bioluminescence was detected in vivo in four of the six PBS-treated animals, compared with five of the six LPC-treated animals; however, bioluminescence was present in all lungs when imaged ex vivo. LacZ expression was predominantly observed in the alveolar regions of the lung. hCFTR was detected by qPCR in the lungs of five animals. Basal cells were successfully isolated and expanded from marmoset tracheas, but no LacZ-positive colonies were detected. There was no evidence of an inflammatory response toward the LV vector at 1 month postdelivery, with cytokines remaining at baseline levels. In conclusion, we found weak evidence that LPC conditioning improved gene transduction in the trachea, but not in the marmoset lungs. We also highlight some of the challenges associated with translational lung gene therapy studies in NHPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nigel Farrow
- Robinson Research Institute.,Adelaide Medical School.,Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, Australia
| | - Patricia Cmielewski
- Robinson Research Institute.,Adelaide Medical School.,Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, Australia
| | - Juliette Delhove
- Robinson Research Institute.,Adelaide Medical School.,Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, Australia
| | - Nathan Rout-Pitt
- Robinson Research Institute.,Adelaide Medical School.,Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, Australia
| | - Lewis Vaughan
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, North Adelaide, Australia
| | - Tim Kuchel
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, North Adelaide, Australia
| | - Chris Christou
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, North Adelaide, Australia
| | - John Finnie
- Adelaide Medical School.,SA Pathology, North Adelaide, Australia
| | - Matthew Smith
- Surgical Specialties, University of Adelaide, North Adelaide, Australia
| | - Emma Knight
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, North Adelaide, Australia.,School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, North Adelaide, Australia
| | - Martin Donnelley
- Robinson Research Institute.,Adelaide Medical School.,Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, Australia
| | - David Parsons
- Robinson Research Institute.,Adelaide Medical School.,Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, Australia
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8
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Munis AM. Gene Therapy Applications of Non-Human Lentiviral Vectors. Viruses 2020; 12:v12101106. [PMID: 33003635 PMCID: PMC7599719 DOI: 10.3390/v12101106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent commercialization of lentiviral vector (LV)-based cell therapies and successful reports of clinical studies have demonstrated the untapped potential of LVs to treat diseases and benefit patients. LVs hold notable and inherent advantages over other gene transfer agents based on their ability to transduce non-dividing cells, permanently transform target cell genome, and allow stable, long-term transgene expression. LV systems based on non-human lentiviruses are attractive alternatives to conventional HIV-1-based LVs due to their lack of pathogenicity in humans. This article reviews non-human lentiviruses and highlights their unique characteristics regarding virology and molecular biology. The LV systems developed based on these lentiviruses, as well as their successes and shortcomings, are also discussed. As the field of gene therapy is advancing rapidly, the use of LVs uncovers further challenges and possibilities. Advances in virology and an improved understanding of lentiviral biology will aid in the creation of recombinant viral vector variants suitable for translational applications from a variety of lentiviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Altar M Munis
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
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9
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Vu A, McCray PB. New Directions in Pulmonary Gene Therapy. Hum Gene Ther 2020; 31:921-939. [PMID: 32814451 PMCID: PMC7495918 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2020.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The lung has long been a target for gene therapy, yet efficient delivery and phenotypic disease correction has remained challenging. Although there have been significant advancements in gene therapies of other organs, including the development of several ex vivo therapies, in vivo therapeutics of the lung have been slower to transition to the clinic. Within the past few years, the field has witnessed an explosion in the development of new gene addition and gene editing strategies for the treatment of monogenic disorders. In this review, we will summarize current developments in gene therapy for cystic fibrosis, alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, and surfactant protein deficiencies. We will explore the different gene addition and gene editing strategies under investigation and review the challenges of delivery to the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Vu
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, Center for Gene Therapy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Paul B. McCray
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, Center for Gene Therapy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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10
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Tang Y, Yan Z, Engelhardt JF. Viral Vectors, Animal Models, and Cellular Targets for Gene Therapy of Cystic Fibrosis Lung Disease. Hum Gene Ther 2020; 31:524-537. [PMID: 32138545 PMCID: PMC7232698 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2020.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
After more than two decades since clinical trials tested the first use of recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) to treat cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease, gene therapy for this disorder has undergone a tremendous resurgence. Fueling this enthusiasm has been an enhanced understanding of rAAV transduction biology and cellular processes that limit transduction of airway epithelia, the development of new rAAV serotypes and other vector systems with high-level tropism for airway epithelial cells, an improved understanding of CF lung pathogenesis and the cellular targets for gene therapy, and the development of new animal models that reproduce the human CF disease phenotype. These advances have created a preclinical path for both assessing the efficacy of gene therapies in the CF lung and interrogating the target cell types in the lung required for complementation of the CF disease state. Lessons learned from early gene therapy attempts with rAAV in the CF lung have guided thinking for the testing of next-generation vector systems. Although unknown questions still remain regarding the cellular targets in the lung that are required or sufficient to complement CF lung disease, the field is now well positioned to tackle these challenges. This review will highlight the role that next-generation CF animal models are playing in the preclinical development of gene therapies for CF lung disease and the knowledge gaps in disease pathophysiology that these models are attempting to fill.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghua Tang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Ziying Yan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - John F. Engelhardt
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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11
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Engineered amphiphilic peptides enable delivery of proteins and CRISPR-associated nucleases to airway epithelia. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4906. [PMID: 31659165 PMCID: PMC6817825 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12922-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The delivery of biologic cargoes to airway epithelial cells is challenging due to the formidable barriers imposed by its specialized and differentiated cells. Among cargoes, recombinant proteins offer therapeutic promise but the lack of effective delivery methods limits their development. Here, we achieve protein and SpCas9 or AsCas12a ribonucleoprotein (RNP) delivery to cultured human well-differentiated airway epithelial cells and mouse lungs with engineered amphiphilic peptides. These shuttle peptides, non-covalently combined with GFP protein or CRISPR-associated nuclease (Cas) RNP, allow rapid entry into cultured human ciliated and non-ciliated epithelial cells and mouse airway epithelia. Instillation of shuttle peptides combined with SpCas9 or AsCas12a RNP achieves editing of loxP sites in airway epithelia of ROSAmT/mG mice. We observe no evidence of short-term toxicity with a widespread distribution restricted to the respiratory tract. This peptide-based technology advances potential therapeutic avenues for protein and Cas RNP delivery to refractory airway epithelial cells. Delivering biological cargo to airway epithelial cells is very challenging. Here, the authors use engineered amphiphilic peptides to shuttle proteins and CRISPR RNPs into airway cells in vivo.
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12
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Uytingco CR, Green WW, Martens JR. Olfactory Loss and Dysfunction in Ciliopathies: Molecular Mechanisms and Potential Therapies. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:3103-3119. [PMID: 29303074 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180105102447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ciliopathies are a class of inherited pleiotropic genetic disorders in which alterations in cilia assembly, maintenance, and/or function exhibit penetrance in the multiple organ systems. Olfactory dysfunction is one such clinical manifestation that has been shown in both patients and model organisms. Existing therapies for ciliopathies are limited to the treatment or management of symptoms. The last decade has seen an increase in potential curative therapeutic options including small molecules and biologics. Recent work in multiciliated olfactory sensory neurons has demonstrated the capacity of targeted gene therapy to restore ciliation in terminally differentiated cells and rescue olfactory function. This review will discuss the current understanding of the penetrance of ciliopathies in the olfactory system. Importantly, it will highlight both pharmacological and biological approaches, and their potential therapeutic value in the olfactory system and other ciliated tissues. METHODS We undertook a structured and comprehensive search of peer-reviewed research literature encompassing in vitro, in vivo, model organism, and clinical studies. From these publications, we describe the olfactory system, and discuss the penetrance of ciliopathies and impact of cilia loss on olfactory function. In addition, we outlined the developing therapies for ciliopathies across different organ and cell culture systems, and discussed their potential therapeutic application to the mammalian olfactory system. RESULTS One-hundred sixty-one manuscripts were included in the review, centering on the understanding of olfactory penetrance of ciliopathies, and discussing the potential therapeutic options for ciliopathies in the context of the mammalian olfactory system. Forty-four manuscripts were used to generate a table listing the known congenital causes of olfactory dysfunction, with the first ten listed are linked to ciliopathies. Twenty-three manuscripts were used to outline the potential of small molecules for the olfactory system. Emphasis was placed on HDAC6 inhibitors and lithium, both of which were shown to stabilize microtubule structures, contributing to ciliogenesis and cilia lengthening. Seventy-five manuscripts were used to describe gene therapy and gene therapeutic strategies. Included were the implementation of adenoviral, adeno-associated virus (AAV), and lentiviral vectors to treat ciliopathies across different organ systems and application toward the olfactory system. Thus far, adenoviral and AAVmeditated ciliary restoration demonstrated successful proof-of-principle preclinical studies. In addition, gene editing, ex vivo gene therapy, and transplantation could serve as alternative therapeutic and long-term approaches. But for all approaches, additional assessment of vector immunogenicity, specificity, and efficacy need further investigation. Currently, ciliopathy treatments are limited to symptomatic management with no curative options. However, the accessibility and amenability of the olfactory system to treatment would facilitate development and advancement of a viable therapy. CONCLUSION The findings of this review highlight the contribution of ciliopathies to a growing list of congenial olfactory dysfunctions. Promising results from other organ systems imply the feasibility of biologics, with results from gene therapies proving to be a viable therapeutic option for ciliopathies and olfactory dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cedric R Uytingco
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States.,University of Florida Center for Smell and Taste, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States
| | - Warren W Green
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States.,University of Florida Center for Smell and Taste, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States
| | - Jeffrey R Martens
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States.,University of Florida Center for Smell and Taste, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States
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13
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Yan Z, McCray Jr PB, Engelhardt JF. Advances in gene therapy for cystic fibrosis lung disease. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 28:R88-R94. [PMID: 31332440 PMCID: PMC6796993 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddz139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a multiorgan recessive genetic disease caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. Gene therapy efforts have focused on treating the lung, since it manifests the most significant life-threatening disease. Over two decades have past since the first CF lung gene therapy trials and significant advances in the therapeutic implementation of pharmacologic CFTR modulators have renewed the field's focus on developing gene therapies for the 10% of CF patients these modulators cannot help. This review summarizes recent progress made in developing vectors for airway transduction and CF animal models required for understanding the relevant cellular targets in the lung and testing the efficacy of gene therapy approaches. We also highlight future opportunities in emerging gene editing strategies that may offer advantages for treating diseases like CF where the gene target is highly regulated at the cellular level. The outcomes of CF lung gene therapy trials will likely inform productive paths toward gene therapy for other complex genetic disorders, while also advancing treatments for all CF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziying Yan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Paul B McCray Jr
- Department of Pediatrics, Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - John F Engelhardt
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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14
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Miah KM, Hyde SC, Gill DR. Emerging gene therapies for cystic fibrosis. Expert Rev Respir Med 2019; 13:709-725. [PMID: 31215818 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2019.1634547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Cystic fibrosis (CF) remains a life-threatening genetic disease, with few clinically effective treatment options. Gene therapy and gene editing strategies offer the potential for a one-time CF cure, irrespective of the CFTR mutation class. Areas covered: We review emerging gene therapies and gene delivery strategies for the treatment of CF particularly viral and non-viral approaches with potential to treat CF. Expert opinion: It was initially anticipated that the challenge of developing a gene therapy for CF lung disease would be met relatively easily. Following early proof-of-concept clinical studies, CF gene therapy has entered a new era with innovative vector designs, approaches to subvert the humoral immune system and increase gene delivery and gene correction efficiencies. Developments include integrating adenoviral vectors, rapamycin-loaded nanoparticles, and lung-tropic lentiviral vectors. The characterization of novel cell types in the lung epithelium, including pulmonary ionocytes, may also encourage cell type-specific targeting for CF correction. We anticipate preclinical studies to further validate these strategies, which should pave the way for clinical trials. We also expect gene editing efficiencies to improve to clinically translatable levels, given advancements in viral and non-viral vectors. Overall, gene delivery technologies look more convincing in producing an effective CF gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamran M Miah
- a Gene Medicine Group, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Science, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford , Oxford , UK
| | - Stephen C Hyde
- a Gene Medicine Group, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Science, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford , Oxford , UK
| | - Deborah R Gill
- a Gene Medicine Group, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Science, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford , Oxford , UK
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15
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Marquez Loza LI, Yuen EC, McCray PB. Lentiviral Vectors for the Treatment and Prevention of Cystic Fibrosis Lung Disease. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10030218. [PMID: 30875857 PMCID: PMC6471883 DOI: 10.3390/genes10030218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the continued development of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulator drugs for the treatment of cystic fibrosis (CF), the need for mutation agnostic treatments remains. In a sub-group of CF individuals with mutations that may not respond to modulators, such as those with nonsense mutations, CFTR gene transfer to airway epithelia offers the potential for an effective treatment. Lentiviral vectors are well-suited for this purpose because they transduce nondividing cells, and provide long-term transgene expression. Studies in primary cultures of human CF airway epithelia and CF animal models demonstrate the long-term correction of CF phenotypes and low immunogenicity using lentiviral vectors. Further development of CF gene therapy requires the investigation of optimal CFTR expression in the airways. Lentiviral vectors with improved safety features have minimized insertional mutagenesis safety concerns raised in early clinical trials for severe combined immunodeficiency using γ-retroviral vectors. Recent clinical trials using improved lentiviral vectors support the feasibility and safety of lentiviral gene therapy for monogenetic diseases. While work remains to be done before CF gene therapy reaches the bedside, recent advances in lentiviral vector development reviewed here are encouraging and suggest it could be tested in clinical studies in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura I Marquez Loza
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
- Pappajohn Biomedical Institute and the Center for Gene Therapy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
| | - Eric C Yuen
- Talee Bio, 3001 Market Street, Suite 140, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Paul B McCray
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
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16
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Caballero I, Riou M, Hacquin O, Chevaleyre C, Barc C, Pezant J, Pinard A, Fassy J, Rezzonico R, Mari B, Heuzé-Vourc'h N, Pitard B, Vassaux G. Tetrafunctional Block Copolymers Promote Lung Gene Transfer in Newborn Piglets. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 16:186-193. [PMID: 30897407 PMCID: PMC6426709 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Tetrafunctional block copolymers are molecules capable of complexing DNA. Although ineffective in vitro, studies in mice have shown that the tetrafunctional block copolymer 704 is a more efficient lung gene transfer agent than the cationic liposome GL67A, previously used in a phase II clinical trial in cystic fibrosis patients. In the present study, we compared the gene transfer capacity of the 704-DNA formulation and a cationic liposome-DNA formulation equivalent to GL67A in a larger-animal model, the newborn piglet. Our results indicate an efficacy of the 704-DNA formulation well above one order of magnitude higher than that of the cationic liposome-DNA formulation, with no elevated levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), taken as a marker of inflammation. Transgene expression was heterogeneous within lung lobes, with expression levels that were below the detection threshold in some samples, while high in other samples. This heterogeneity is likely to be due to the bolus injection procedure as well as to the small volume of injection. The present study highlights the potential of tetrafunctional block copolymers as non-viral vectors for lung gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Caballero
- INRA Centre Val de Loire - Université de Tours, UMR-1282 Infectiologie et Santé Publique (ISP), 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Mickaël Riou
- INRA Centre Val de Loire, UE-1277 Plateforme d'Infectiologie expérimentale (PFIE), 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Océane Hacquin
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, CNRS, IPMC, Valbonne, France; FHU-OncoAge, Nice, France
| | - Claire Chevaleyre
- INRA Centre Val de Loire - Université de Tours, UMR-1282 Infectiologie et Santé Publique (ISP), 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Céline Barc
- INRA Centre Val de Loire, UE-1277 Plateforme d'Infectiologie expérimentale (PFIE), 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Jérémy Pezant
- INRA Centre Val de Loire, UE-1277 Plateforme d'Infectiologie expérimentale (PFIE), 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Anne Pinard
- INRA Centre Val de Loire, UE-1277 Plateforme d'Infectiologie expérimentale (PFIE), 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Julien Fassy
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, CNRS, IPMC, Valbonne, France; FHU-OncoAge, Nice, France
| | - Roger Rezzonico
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, CNRS, IPMC, Valbonne, France; FHU-OncoAge, Nice, France
| | - Bernard Mari
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, CNRS, IPMC, Valbonne, France; FHU-OncoAge, Nice, France
| | | | - Bruno Pitard
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Georges Vassaux
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, CNRS, IPMC, Valbonne, France; FHU-OncoAge, Nice, France.
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17
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Cooney AL, Abou Alaiwa MH, Shah VS, Bouzek DC, Stroik MR, Powers LS, Gansemer ND, Meyerholz DK, Welsh MJ, Stoltz DA, Sinn PL, McCray PB. Lentiviral-mediated phenotypic correction of cystic fibrosis pigs. JCI Insight 2018; 1:88730. [PMID: 27656681 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.88730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disease caused by mutations in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), resulting in defective anion transport. Regardless of the disease-causing mutation, gene therapy is a strategy to restore anion transport to airway epithelia. Indeed, viral vector-delivered CFTR can complement the anion channel defect. In this proof-of-principle study, functional in vivo CFTR channel activity was restored in the airways of CF pigs using a feline immunodeficiency virus-based (FIV-based) lentiviral vector pseudotyped with the GP64 envelope. Three newborn CF pigs received aerosolized FIV-CFTR to the nose and lung. Two weeks after viral vector delivery, epithelial tissues were analyzed for functional correction. In freshly excised tracheal and bronchus tissues and cultured ethmoid sinus cells, we observed a significant increase in transepithelial cAMP-stimulated current, evidence of functional CFTR. In addition, we observed increases in tracheal airway surface liquid pH and bacterial killing in CFTR vector-treated animals. Together, these data provide the first evidence to our knowledge that lentiviral delivery of CFTR can partially correct the anion channel defect in a large-animal CF model and validate a translational strategy to treat or prevent CF lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley L Cooney
- Pappajohn Biomedical Institute.,Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine.,Departments of Microbiology
| | - Mahmoud H Abou Alaiwa
- Pappajohn Biomedical Institute.,Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine.,Internal Medicine
| | - Viral S Shah
- Pappajohn Biomedical Institute.,Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine.,Internal Medicine.,Molecular Physiology and Biophysics
| | - Drake C Bouzek
- Pappajohn Biomedical Institute.,Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine.,Internal Medicine
| | - Mallory R Stroik
- Pappajohn Biomedical Institute.,Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine.,Internal Medicine
| | - Linda S Powers
- Pappajohn Biomedical Institute.,Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine.,Internal Medicine
| | - Nick D Gansemer
- Pappajohn Biomedical Institute.,Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine.,Internal Medicine
| | - David K Meyerholz
- Pappajohn Biomedical Institute.,Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine.,Pathology
| | - Michael J Welsh
- Pappajohn Biomedical Institute.,Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine.,Internal Medicine.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute.,Molecular Physiology and Biophysics
| | - David A Stoltz
- Pappajohn Biomedical Institute.,Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine.,Internal Medicine
| | - Patrick L Sinn
- Pappajohn Biomedical Institute.,Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine.,Pediatrics, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Paul B McCray
- Pappajohn Biomedical Institute.,Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine.,Departments of Microbiology.,Pediatrics, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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18
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The murine lung as a factory to produce secreted intrapulmonary and circulatory proteins. Gene Ther 2018; 25:345-358. [PMID: 30022127 PMCID: PMC6119181 DOI: 10.1038/s41434-018-0025-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We have shown that a lentiviral vector (rSIV.F/HN) pseudotyped with the F and HN proteins from Sendai virus generates high levels of intracellular proteins after lung transduction. Here, we evaluate the use of rSIV.F/HN for production of secreted proteins. We assessed whether rSIV.F/HN transduction of the lung generates therapeutically relevant levels of secreted proteins in the lung and systemic circulation using human α1-anti-trypsin (hAAT) and factor VIII (hFVIII) as exemplars. Sedated mice were transduced with rSIV.F/HN carrying either the secreted reporter gene Gaussia luciferase or the hAAT or hFVIII cDNAs by nasal sniffing. rSIV.F/HN-hAAT transduction lead to therapeutically relevant hAAT levels (70 μg/ml) in epithelial lining fluid, with stable expression persisting for at least 19 months from a single application. Secreted proteins produced in the lung were released into the circulation and stable expression was detectable in blood. The levels of hFVIII in murine blood approached therapeutically relevant targets. rSIV.F/HN was also able to produce secreted hAAT and hFVIII in transduced human primary airway cells. rSIV.F/HN transduction of the murine lungs leads to long-lasting and therapeutically relevant levels of secreted proteins in the lung and systemic circulation. These data broaden the use of this vector platform for a large range of disease indications.
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19
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Cmielewski P, Farrow N, Devereux S, Parsons D, Donnelley M. Gene therapy for Cystic Fibrosis: Improved delivery techniques and conditioning with lysophosphatidylcholine enhance lentiviral gene transfer in mouse lung airways. Exp Lung Res 2017; 43:426-433. [PMID: 29236544 DOI: 10.1080/01902148.2017.1395931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Purpose/Aim: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common, fatal recessive genetic disease among the Caucasian population. Gene therapy has the potential to treat CF long term, however physiological barriers can prevent VSV-G pseudotyped lentiviral (LV) vectors from efficiently accessing the relevant receptors on the basolateral membrane of airway epithelial cells. The aims of this experiment were to use our new dose delivery techniques to determine whether conditioning the mouse lung conducting airways with lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) improves the level of airway gene expression. MATERIALS AND METHODS Anaesthetised normal C57Bl/6 mice were intubated with an endotracheal cannula to non-invasively facilitate airway access. The airways were conditioned with 0.1% LPC, 0.3% LPC, or PBS (control) instilled via the ET tube. One hour later a VSV-G pseudotyped LV vector carrying the LacZ transgene was delivered. LacZ expression was measured by X-gal staining of the excised lungs 3 months after gene delivery. RESULTS Endotracheal intubation enabled precise dose delivery to the trachea and conducting airways. The cartilaginous airways of the groups conditioned with 0.1% and 0.3% LPC contained significantly larger numbers of LacZ positive cells compared to the PBS control group. In the LPC conditioned groups the majority of cell transduction was in ciliated epithelial cells. CONCLUSION LPC conditioning prior to LV vector delivery, substantially enhanced the level of conducting airway gene expression after a single gene vector delivery. These results extend the previously established effectiveness of this protocol for producing gene expression in the nasal airways to the lung airways, the primary site of deleterious pathophysiology in CF individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Cmielewski
- a Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine , Women's and Children's Hospital Network , North Adelaide , SA , Australia.,b Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide , Adelaide , SA , Australia.,c Discipline of Paediatrics, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Adelaide , Adelaide , SA , Australia
| | - Nigel Farrow
- a Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine , Women's and Children's Hospital Network , North Adelaide , SA , Australia.,b Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide , Adelaide , SA , Australia.,c Discipline of Paediatrics, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Adelaide , Adelaide , SA , Australia
| | - Sharnna Devereux
- c Discipline of Paediatrics, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Adelaide , Adelaide , SA , Australia
| | - David Parsons
- a Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine , Women's and Children's Hospital Network , North Adelaide , SA , Australia.,b Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide , Adelaide , SA , Australia.,c Discipline of Paediatrics, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Adelaide , Adelaide , SA , Australia
| | - Martin Donnelley
- a Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine , Women's and Children's Hospital Network , North Adelaide , SA , Australia.,b Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide , Adelaide , SA , Australia.,c Discipline of Paediatrics, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Adelaide , Adelaide , SA , Australia
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20
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Joglekar AV, Sandoval S. Pseudotyped Lentiviral Vectors: One Vector, Many Guises. Hum Gene Ther Methods 2017; 28:291-301. [DOI: 10.1089/hgtb.2017.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alok V. Joglekar
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California
| | - Salemiz Sandoval
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California
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21
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Sinn PL, Hwang BY, Li N, Ortiz JLS, Shirazi E, Parekh KR, Cooney AL, Schaffer DV, McCray PB. Novel GP64 envelope variants for improved delivery to human airway epithelial cells. Gene Ther 2017; 24:674-679. [PMID: 28880020 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2017.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Lentiviral vectors pseudotyped with the baculovirus envelope protein GP64 transduce primary cultures of human airway epithelia (HAE) at their apical surface. Our goal in this study was to harness a directed evolution approach to develop a novel envelope glycoprotein with increased transduction properties for HAE. Using error-prone PCR, a library of GP64 mutants was generated and used to prepare a diverse pool of lentiviral virions pseudotyped with GP64 variants. The library was serially passaged on HAE and three GP64 mutations were recovered. Single-, double- and the triple-combination mutant envelope glycoproteins were compared with wild-type GP64 for their ability to transduce HAE. Our results suggest that lentiviral vectors pseudotyped with evolved GP64 transduced HAE with greater efficiency than wild-type GP64. This effect was not observed in primary cultures of porcine airway epithelial cells, suggesting that the directed evolution protocol was species specific. In summary, our studies indicate that serial passage of a GP64 mutant library yielded specific variants with improved HAE cell tropism, yielding tools with the potential to improve the success of gene therapy for airway diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- P L Sinn
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Pappajohn Biomedical Institute and the Center for Gene Therapy of Cystic Fibrosis and Other Genetic Diseases, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - B-Y Hwang
- Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Bioengineering, The Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - N Li
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Pappajohn Biomedical Institute and the Center for Gene Therapy of Cystic Fibrosis and Other Genetic Diseases, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - J L S Ortiz
- Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Bioengineering, The Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - E Shirazi
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - K R Parekh
- Department of Surgery, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - A L Cooney
- Pappajohn Biomedical Institute and the Center for Gene Therapy of Cystic Fibrosis and Other Genetic Diseases, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - D V Schaffer
- Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Bioengineering, The Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - P B McCray
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Pappajohn Biomedical Institute and the Center for Gene Therapy of Cystic Fibrosis and Other Genetic Diseases, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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22
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Sondhi D, Stiles KM, De BP, Crystal RG. Genetic Modification of the Lung Directed Toward Treatment of Human Disease. Hum Gene Ther 2017; 28:3-84. [PMID: 27927014 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2016.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic modification therapy is a promising therapeutic strategy for many diseases of the lung intractable to other treatments. Lung gene therapy has been the subject of numerous preclinical animal experiments and human clinical trials, for targets including genetic diseases such as cystic fibrosis and α1-antitrypsin deficiency, complex disorders such as asthma, allergy, and lung cancer, infections such as respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and Pseudomonas, as well as pulmonary arterial hypertension, transplant rejection, and lung injury. A variety of viral and non-viral vectors have been employed to overcome the many physical barriers to gene transfer imposed by lung anatomy and natural defenses. Beyond the treatment of lung diseases, the lung has the potential to be used as a metabolic factory for generating proteins for delivery to the circulation for treatment of systemic diseases. Although much has been learned through a myriad of experiments about the development of genetic modification of the lung, more work is still needed to improve the delivery vehicles and to overcome challenges such as entry barriers, persistent expression, specific cell targeting, and circumventing host anti-vector responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolan Sondhi
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College , New York, New York
| | - Katie M Stiles
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College , New York, New York
| | - Bishnu P De
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College , New York, New York
| | - Ronald G Crystal
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College , New York, New York
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23
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Hornick AL, Li N, Oakland M, McCray PB, Sinn PL. Human, Pig, and Mouse Interferon-Induced Transmembrane Proteins Partially Restrict Pseudotyped Lentiviral Vectors. Hum Gene Ther 2016; 27:354-62. [PMID: 27004832 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2015.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lentiviral vectors are increasingly used in clinical trials to treat genetic diseases. Our research has focused on strategies to improve lentiviral gene transfer efficiency in the airways. Previously we demonstrated that a feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV)-based lentiviral vector pseudotyped with the baculovirus envelope glycoprotein GP64 (GP64-FIV) efficiently transduced mouse nasal epithelia in vivo but transduced mouse intrapulmonary airways with 10-fold less efficiency. Here, we demonstrate that members of a family of proteins with antiviral activity, interferon-induced transmembrane proteins (IFITMs), are more highly expressed in mouse intrapulmonary airways as compared with mouse nasal airways. Using GP64- and VSV-G (vesicular stomatitis virus G glycoprotein)-pseudotyped FIV, we show that expression of mouse IFITM1, IFITM2, and IFITM3 restricts gene transfer. Further, we show that both the nasal and intrapulmonary airways of IFITM locus knockout mice are more efficiently transduced with GP64-FIV than their heterozygous littermates. In anticipation of transitioning our studies into pig models of airway disease and clinical trials in humans, we investigated the ability of pig and human IFITMs to restrict lentiviral gene transfer. We observed that both human and pig IFITMs partially restricted both VSV-G-FIV and GP64-FIV transduction in vitro. Previous studies have focused on IFITM-mediated restriction of replication-competent wild-type viruses; however, these results implicate the IFITM proteins as restriction factors that can limit lentivirus-based vector gene transfer to airway epithelia. The findings are relevant to future preclinical and clinical airway gene therapy trials using lentivirus-based vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew L Hornick
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Ni Li
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Mayumi Oakland
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Paul B McCray
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Patrick L Sinn
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa
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Vidović D, Carlon MS, da Cunha MF, Dekkers JF, Hollenhorst MI, Bijvelds MJC, Ramalho AS, Van den Haute C, Ferrante M, Baekelandt V, Janssens HM, De Boeck K, Sermet-Gaudelus I, de Jonge HR, Gijsbers R, Beekman JM, Edelman A, Debyser Z. rAAV-CFTRΔR Rescues the Cystic Fibrosis Phenotype in Human Intestinal Organoids and Cystic Fibrosis Mice. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2016; 193:288-98. [PMID: 26509335 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201505-0914oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Gene therapy holds promise for a curative mutation-independent treatment applicable to all patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). The various viral vector-based clinical trials conducted in the past have demonstrated safety and tolerance of different vectors, but none have led to a clear and persistent clinical benefit. Recent clinical breakthroughs in recombinant adeno-associated viral vector (rAAV)-based gene therapy encouraged us to reexplore an rAAV approach for CF. OBJECTIVES We evaluated the preclinical potential of rAAV gene therapy for CF to restore chloride and fluid secretion in two complementary models: intestinal organoids derived from subjects with CF and a CF mouse model, an important milestone toward the development of a clinical rAAV candidate for CF gene therapy. METHODS We engineered an rAAV vector containing a truncated CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTRΔR) combined with a short promoter (CMV173) to ensure optimal gene expression. A rescue in chloride and fluid secretion after rAAV-CFTRΔR treatment was assessed by forskolin-induced swelling in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR)-deficient organoids and by nasal potential differences in ΔF508 mice. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS rAAV-CFTRΔR transduction of human CFTR-deficient organoids resulted in forskolin-induced swelling, indicating a restoration of CFTR function. Nasal potential differences demonstrated a clear response to low chloride and forskolin perfusion in most rAAV-CFTRΔR-treated CF mice. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides robust evidence that rAAV-mediated gene transfer of a truncated CFTR functionally rescues the CF phenotype across the nasal mucosa of CF mice and in patient-derived organoids. These results underscore the clinical potential of rAAV-CFTRΔR in offering a cure for all patients with CF in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mélanie F da Cunha
- 2 INSERM U1151, University Paris Descartes, Faculté de Médecine Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris, France
| | - Johanna F Dekkers
- 3 Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, and.,4 Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Monika I Hollenhorst
- 2 INSERM U1151, University Paris Descartes, Faculté de Médecine Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris, France
| | - Marcel J C Bijvelds
- 5 Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Marc Ferrante
- 9 Translational Research in Gastrointestinal Disorders, KU Leuven, Flanders, Belgium
| | | | - Hettie M Janssens
- 10 Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Erasmus University Medical Centre/Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; and
| | | | - Isabelle Sermet-Gaudelus
- 2 INSERM U1151, University Paris Descartes, Faculté de Médecine Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris, France
| | - Hugo R de Jonge
- 5 Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rik Gijsbers
- 1 Molecular Virology and Gene Therapy.,8 Leuven Viral Vector Core, and
| | - Jeffrey M Beekman
- 3 Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, and.,4 Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Aleksander Edelman
- 2 INSERM U1151, University Paris Descartes, Faculté de Médecine Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris, France
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25
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Murphy MP, Caraher E. Current and Emerging Therapies for the Treatment of Cystic Fibrosis or Mitigation of Its Symptoms. Drugs R D 2016; 16:1-17. [PMID: 26747453 PMCID: PMC4767716 DOI: 10.1007/s40268-015-0121-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical presentation of the chronic, heritable condition cystic fibrosis (CF) is complex, with a diverse range of symptoms often affecting multiple organs with varying severity. The primary source of morbidity and mortality is due to progressive destruction of the airways attributable to chronic inflammation arising from microbial colonisation. Antimicrobial therapy combined with practises to remove obstructive mucopurulent deposits form the cornerstone of current therapy. However, new treatment options are emerging which offer, for the first time, the opportunity to effect remission from the underlying cause of CF. Here, we discuss these therapies, their mechanisms of action, and their successes and failures in order to illustrate the shift in the nature of how CF will likely be managed into the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark P Murphy
- Centre for Microbial-Host Interactions, Centre of Applied Science for Health, Institute of Technology Tallaght, Dublin 24, Ireland.
| | - Emma Caraher
- Centre for Microbial-Host Interactions, Centre of Applied Science for Health, Institute of Technology Tallaght, Dublin 24, Ireland.
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26
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Vidović D, Gijsbers R, Quiles-Jimenez A, Dooley J, Van den Haute C, Van der Perren A, Liston A, Baekelandt V, Debyser Z, Carlon MS. Noninvasive Imaging Reveals Stable Transgene Expression in Mouse Airways After Delivery of a Nonintegrating Recombinant Adeno-Associated Viral Vector. Hum Gene Ther 2016; 27:60-71. [DOI: 10.1089/hum.2015.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dragana Vidović
- Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Gene Therapy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Flanders, Belgium
| | - Rik Gijsbers
- Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Gene Therapy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Flanders, Belgium
- Leuven Viral Vector Core, KU Leuven, Flanders, Belgium
| | - Ana Quiles-Jimenez
- Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Gene Therapy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Flanders, Belgium
| | - James Dooley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Flanders, Belgium
- Vlaams Instituut Voor Biotechnologie, Translational Immunology Laboratory, Flanders, Belgium
| | - Chris Van den Haute
- Leuven Viral Vector Core, KU Leuven, Flanders, Belgium
- Laboratory for Neurobiology and Gene Therapy, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Flanders, Belgium
| | - Anke Van der Perren
- Laboratory for Neurobiology and Gene Therapy, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Flanders, Belgium
| | - Adrian Liston
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Flanders, Belgium
- Vlaams Instituut Voor Biotechnologie, Translational Immunology Laboratory, Flanders, Belgium
| | - Veerle Baekelandt
- Laboratory for Neurobiology and Gene Therapy, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Flanders, Belgium
| | - Zeger Debyser
- Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Gene Therapy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Flanders, Belgium
| | - Marianne Sylvia Carlon
- Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Gene Therapy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Flanders, Belgium
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27
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Yan Z, Stewart ZA, Sinn PL, Olsen JC, Hu J, McCray PB, Engelhardt JF. Ferret and pig models of cystic fibrosis: prospects and promise for gene therapy. HUM GENE THER CL DEV 2015; 26:38-49. [PMID: 25675143 PMCID: PMC4367511 DOI: 10.1089/humc.2014.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Large animal models of genetic diseases are rapidly becoming integral to biomedical research as technologies to manipulate the mammalian genome improve. The creation of cystic fibrosis (CF) ferrets and pigs is an example of such progress in animal modeling, with the disease phenotypes in the ferret and pig models more reflective of human CF disease than mouse models. The ferret and pig CF models also provide unique opportunities to develop and assess the effectiveness of gene and cell therapies to treat affected organs. In this review, we examine the organ disease phenotypes in these new CF models and the opportunities to test gene therapies at various stages of disease progression in affected organs. We then discuss the progress in developing recombinant replication-defective adenoviral, adeno-associated viral, and lentiviral vectors to target genes to the lung and pancreas in ferrets and pigs, the two most affected organs in CF. Through this review, we hope to convey the potential of these new animal models for developing CF gene and cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziying Yan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Iowa School of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242
- Center for Gene Therapy of Cystic Fibrosis, University of Iowa School of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Zoe A. Stewart
- Department of Surgery, University of Iowa School of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Patrick L. Sinn
- Center for Gene Therapy of Cystic Fibrosis, University of Iowa School of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa School of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - John C. Olsen
- Cystic Fibrosis/Pulmonary Research and Treatment Center, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Jim Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Paul B. McCray
- Center for Gene Therapy of Cystic Fibrosis, University of Iowa School of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa School of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - John F. Engelhardt
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Iowa School of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242
- Center for Gene Therapy of Cystic Fibrosis, University of Iowa School of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa School of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242
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28
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Yan Z, Stewart ZA, Sinn PL, Olsen JC, Hu J, McCray, Jr. PB, Engelhardt JF. Ferret and Pig Models of Cystic Fibrosis: Prospects and Promise for Gene Therapy. HUM GENE THER CL DEV 2014. [DOI: 10.1089/hum.2014.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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29
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Kim K, Ryu K, Kim TI. Cationic methylcellulose derivative with serum-compatibility and endosome buffering ability for gene delivery systems. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 110:268-77. [PMID: 24906755 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.03.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Revised: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In this work, methylcellulose was employed as a template polymer with graft of polyethylenimine 0.8 kDa (PEI0.8k) for gene delivery systems. Synthesized PEI-grafted oxidized methylcellulose (MC-PEI) could condense pDNA into positively charged and nano-sized particles, which could protect pDNA from serum nuclease. The cytotoxicity of MC-PEI was minimal in both serum-free and serum condition due to the biocompatibility of methylcellulose and low cytotoxicity of PEI0.8k. MC-PEI polyplex also showed low cytotoxicity in serum condition. In serum condition, MC-PEI showed less decreased transfection efficiency than PEI25k, meaning good serum-compatibility of MC-PEI. Bafilomycin A1-treated transfection results indicate that the transfection of MC-PEI is mediated via endosomal escape by endosome buffering ability. Flow cytometry results suggest that MC-PEI polyplex could be internalized into cells and efficiently deliver pDNA to cells due to its serum-compatibility. These results demonstrate that MC-PEI possesses a potential for efficient gene delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyunghwan Kim
- Department of Biosystems and Biomaterials Science and Engineering, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kitae Ryu
- Department of Biosystems and Biomaterials Science and Engineering, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tae-il Kim
- Department of Biosystems and Biomaterials Science and Engineering, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea.
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30
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Restoring ciliary function to differentiated primary ciliary dyskinesia cells with a lentiviral vector. Gene Ther 2014; 21:253-61. [PMID: 24451115 PMCID: PMC4124007 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2013.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Revised: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a genetically heterogenous autosomal recessive disease in which mutations disrupt ciliary function, leading to impaired mucociliary clearance and life-long lung disease. Mouse tracheal cells with a targeted deletion in the axonemal dynein intermediate chain 1 (Dnaic1) gene differentiate normally in culture but lack ciliary activity. Gene transfer to undifferentiated cultures of mouse Dnaic1(-/-) cells with a lentiviral vector pseudotyped with avian influenza hemagglutinin restored Dnaic1 expression and ciliary activity. Importantly, apical treatment of well-differentiated cultures of mouse Dnaic1(-/-) cells with lentiviral vector also restored ciliary activity, demonstrating successful gene transfer from the apical surface. Treatment of Dnaic1(flox/flox) mice expressing an estrogen-responsive Cre recombinase with different doses of tamoxifen indicated that restoration of ∼20% of ciliary activity may be sufficient to prevent the development of rhinosinusitis. However, although administration of a β-galactosidase-expressing vector into control mice demonstrated efficient gene transfer to the nasal epithelium, treatment of Dnaic1(-/-) mice resulted in a low level of gene transfer, demonstrating that the severe rhinitis present in these animals impedes gene transfer. The results demonstrate that gene replacement therapy may be a viable treatment option for PCD, but further improvements in the efficiency of gene transfer are necessary.
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31
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Patel M, Giddings AM, Sechelski J, Olsen JC. High efficiency gene transfer to airways of mice using influenza hemagglutinin pseudotyped lentiviral vectors. J Gene Med 2013; 15:51-62. [PMID: 23319179 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.2695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2012] [Revised: 11/29/2012] [Accepted: 01/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A limitation to efficient lentivirus-mediated airway gene transfer is the lack of receptors to commonly used viral envelopes on the luminal surface of airway epithelia. The use of viral envelopes with natural tropism to the airway could be useful for overcoming this limitation. METHODS We investigated influenza hemagglutinin (HA) pseudotyped equine infectious anemia virus-derived lentiviral vector-mediated gene transfer to the airway epithelium of adult and newborn mice. For these studies, high-titer vectors were delivered by intranasal administration. In addition, we tested the feasibility of vector re-dosing to the nasal airway. RESULTS Delivery of high-titer HA pseudotyped lentiviral vectors by nasal administration to newborn mouse pups or adult mice results in the efficient transduction of airway epithelial cells in the nose, trachea, and lungs. In the nose, vector expression was predominant in the respiratory epithelium and was not observed in the olfactory epithelium. In the trachea and large airways of the lung, approximately 46% and 40%, respectively, of surface epithelial cells could be transduced. The efficiency of re-dosing to the nasal airway of mice was found to be dependent of the age of the animal when the first dose is administered, as well as the length of time between doses. CONCLUSIONS A single intranasal dose of concentrated influenza HA-pseudotyped lentiviral vector is sufficient for efficient gene transfer to the airways of mice. This is a promising result that could lead to the development of effective gene transfer reagents for the treatment of cystic fibrosis and other human lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manij Patel
- Cystic Fibrosis/Pulmonary Research and Treatment Center, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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32
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Airenne KJ, Hu YC, Kost TA, Smith RH, Kotin RM, Ono C, Matsuura Y, Wang S, Ylä-Herttuala S. Baculovirus: an insect-derived vector for diverse gene transfer applications. Mol Ther 2013; 21:739-49. [PMID: 23439502 PMCID: PMC3616530 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2012.286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Insect-derived baculoviruses have emerged as versatile and safe workhorses of biotechnology. Baculovirus expression vectors (BEVs) have been applied widely for crop and forest protection, as well as safe tools for recombinant protein production in insect cells. However, BEVs ability to efficiently transduce noninsect cells is still relatively poorly recognized despite the fact that efficient baculovirus-mediated in vitro and ex vivo gene delivery into dormant and dividing vertebrate cells of diverse origin has been described convincingly by many authors. Preliminary proof of therapeutic potential has also been established in preclinical studies. This review summarizes the advantages and current status of baculovirus-mediated gene delivery. Stem cell transduction, preclinical animal studies, tissue engineering, vaccination, cancer gene therapy, viral vector production, and drug discovery are covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kari J Airenne
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Yu-Chen Hu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Thomas A Kost
- Biological Reagents and Assay Development, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Richard H Smith
- Molecular Virology and Gene Therapy Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Robert M Kotin
- Molecular Virology and Gene Therapy Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Chikako Ono
- Department of Molecular Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Matsuura
- Department of Molecular Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Shu Wang
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Seppo Ylä-Herttuala
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Research Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Gene Therapy Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
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33
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Oakland M, Maury W, McCray PB, Sinn PL. Intrapulmonary Versus Nasal Transduction of Murine Airways With GP64-pseudotyped Viral Vectors. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2013; 2:e69. [PMID: 23360952 PMCID: PMC3564419 DOI: 10.1038/mtna.2012.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Persistent viral vector-mediated transgene expression in the airways requires delivery to cells with progenitor capacity and avoidance of immune responses. Previously, we observed that GP64-pseudotyped feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV)-mediated gene transfer was more efficient in the nasal airways than the large airways of the murine lung. We hypothesized that in vivo gene transfer was limited by immunological and physiological barriers in the murine intrapulmonary airways. Here, we systematically investigate multiple potential barriers to lentiviral gene transfer in the airways of mice. We show that GP64-FIV vector transduced primary cultures of well-differentiated murine nasal epithelia with greater efficiency than primary cultures of murine tracheal epithelia. We further demonstrate that neutrophils, type I interferon (IFN) responses, as well as T and B lymphocytes are not the major factors limiting the transduction of murine conducting airways. In addition, we observed better transduction of GP64-pseudotyped vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) in the nasal epithelia compared with the intrapulmonary airways in mice. VSVG glycoprotein pseudotyped VSV transduced intrapulmonary epithelia with similar efficiency as nasal epithelia. Our results suggest that the differential transduction efficiency of nasal versus intrapulmonary airways by FIV vector is not a result of immunological barriers or surface area, but rather differential expression of cellular factors specific for FIV vector transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayumi Oakland
- Department of Microbiology, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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Sinn PL, Cooney AL, Oakland M, Dylla DE, Wallen TJ, Pezzulo AA, Chang EH, McCray PB. Lentiviral vector gene transfer to porcine airways. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2012. [PMID: 23187455 PMCID: PMC3511674 DOI: 10.1038/mtna.2012.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated lentiviral vector development and transduction efficiencies in well-differentiated primary cultures of pig airway epithelia (PAE) and wild-type pigs in vivo. We noted gene transfer efficiencies similar to that observed for human airway epithelia (HAE). Interestingly, feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV)-based vectors transduced immortalized pig cells as well as pig primary cells more efficiently than HIV-1–based vectors. PAE express TRIM5α, a well-characterized species-specific lentiviral restriction factor. We contrasted the restrictive properties of porcine TRIM5α against FIV- and HIV-based vectors using gain and loss of function approaches. We observed no effect on HIV-1 or FIV conferred transgene expression in response to porcine TRIM5α overexpression or knockdown. To evaluate the ability of GP64-FIV to transduce porcine airways in vivo, we delivered vector expressing mCherry to the tracheal lobe of the lung and the ethmoid sinus of 4-week-old pigs. One week later, epithelial cells expressing mCherry were readily detected. Our findings indicate that pseudotyped FIV vectors confer similar tropisms in porcine epithelia as observed in human HAE and provide further support for the selection of GP64 as an appropriate envelope pseudotype for future preclinical gene therapy studies in the porcine model of cystic fibrosis (CF).
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick L Sinn
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Gene Therapy of Cystic Fibrosis and Other Genetic Diseases, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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Abstract
Despite the first application of gene therapy in 1990, gene therapy has until recently failed to meet the huge expectations set forth by researchers, clinicians, and patients, thus dampening enthusiasm for an imminent cure for many life-threatening genetic diseases. Nonetheless, in recent years we have witnessed a strong comeback for gene therapy, with clinical successes in young and adult subjects suffering from inherited forms of blindness or from X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency disease. In this review, various gene therapy vectors progressing into clinical development and pivotal advances in gene therapy trials will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria P Limberis
- Gene Therapy Program, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-3403, USA.
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36
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Abstract
Congestive heart failure accounts for half a million deaths per year in the United States. Despite its place among the leading causes of morbidity, pharmacological and mechanic remedies have only been able to slow the progression of the disease. Today's science has yet to provide a cure, and there are few therapeutic modalities available for patients with advanced heart failure. There is a critical need to explore new therapeutic approaches in heart failure, and gene therapy has emerged as a viable alternative. Recent advances in understanding of the molecular basis of myocardial dysfunction, together with the evolution of increasingly efficient gene transfer technology, have placed heart failure within reach of gene-based therapy. The recent successful and safe completion of a phase 2 trial targeting the sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase pump (SERCA2a), along with the start of more recent phase 1 trials, opens a new era for gene therapy for the treatment of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Tilemann
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY 10029, USA
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37
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Burnight ER, Wang G, McCray PB, Sinn PL. Transcriptional targeting in the airway using novel gene regulatory elements. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2012; 47:227-33. [PMID: 22447971 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2011-0444oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The delivery of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) to airway epithelia is a goal of many gene therapy strategies to treat cystic fibrosis. Because the native regulatory elements of the CFTR are not well characterized, the development of vectors with heterologous promoters of varying strengths and specificity would aid in our selection of optimal reagents for the appropriate expression of the vector-delivered CFTR gene. Here we contrasted the performance of several novel gene-regulatory elements. Based on airway expression analysis, we selected putative regulatory elements from BPIFA1 and WDR65 to investigate. In addition, we selected a human CFTR promoter region (∼ 2 kb upstream of the human CFTR transcription start site) to study. Using feline immunodeficiency virus vectors containing the candidate elements driving firefly luciferase, we transduced murine nasal epithelia in vivo. Luciferase expression persisted for 30 weeks, which was the duration of the experiment. Furthermore, when the nasal epithelium was ablated using the detergent polidocanol, the mice showed a transient loss of luciferase expression that returned 2 weeks after administration, suggesting that our vectors transduced a progenitor cell population. Importantly, the hWDR65 element drove sufficient CFTR expression to correct the anion transport defect in CFTR-null epithelia. These results will guide the development of optimal vectors for sufficient, sustained CFTR expression in airway epithelia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin R Burnight
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Genetics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, 52242, USA
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Oakland M, Sinn PL, McCray PB. Advances in cell and gene-based therapies for cystic fibrosis lung disease. Mol Ther 2012; 20:1108-15. [PMID: 22371844 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2012.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a disease characterized by airway infection, inflammation, remodeling, and obstruction that gradually destroy the lungs. Direct delivery of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene to airway epithelia may offer advantages, as the tissue is accessible for topical delivery of vectors. Yet, physical and host immune barriers in the lung present challenges for successful gene transfer to the respiratory tract. Advances in gene transfer approaches, tissue engineering, and novel animal models are generating excitement within the CF research field. This review discusses current challenges and advancements in viral and nonviral vectors, cell-based therapies, and CF animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayumi Oakland
- Department of Microbiology, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
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Tani H, Morikawa S, Matsuura Y. Development and Applications of VSV Vectors Based on Cell Tropism. Front Microbiol 2012; 2:272. [PMID: 22279443 PMCID: PMC3260743 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2011.00272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2011] [Accepted: 12/21/2011] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral vectors have been available in various fields such as medical and biological research or gene therapy applications. Targeting vectors pseudotyped with distinct viral envelope proteins that influence cell tropism and transfection efficiency are useful tools not only for examining entry mechanisms or cell tropisms but also for vaccine vector development. Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) is an excellent candidate for development as a pseudotype vector. A recombinant VSV lacking its own envelope (G) gene has been used to produce a pseudotype or recombinant VSV possessing the envelope proteins of heterologous viruses. These viruses possess a reporter gene instead of a VSV G gene in their genome, and therefore it is easy to evaluate their infectivity in the study of viral entry, including identification of viral receptors. Furthermore, advantage can be taken of a property of the pseudotype VSV, which is competence for single-round infection, in handling many different viruses that are either difficult to amplify in cultured cells or animals or that require specialized containment facilities. Here we describe procedures for producing pseudotype or recombinant VSVs and a few of the more prominent examples from envelope viruses, such as hepatitis C virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, baculovirus, and hemorrhagic fever viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Tani
- Special Pathogens Laboratory, Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama Tokyo, Japan
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Rossetti M, Cavarelli M, Gregori S, Scarlatti G. HIV-Derived Vectors for Gene Therapy Targeting Dendritic Cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2012; 762:239-61. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-4433-6_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Abstract
Virus is identified as one of the obligate intracellular parasites, which only amplify in cells of specific living things. Viral vectors, which are developed by utilizing these properties, are available in the various fields such as basic research of medical biology or application of gene therapy. Our research group has studied development of viral vectors using properties of baculovirus or vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). Due to the development of new baculoviral vectors for mammalian cells, it is possible to be more efficient transduction of foreign gene in mammalian cells and animals. Furthermore, pseudotype or recombinant VSV possessing the envelope proteins of hepatitis C virus, Japanese encephalitis virus or baculovirus were constructed, and characteristics of the envelope proteins or entry mechanisms of these viruses were analyzed.
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Valley-Omar Z, Meyers AE, Shephard EG, Williamson AL, Rybicki EP. Abrogation of contaminating RNA activity in HIV-1 Gag VLPs. Virol J 2011; 8:462. [PMID: 21975161 PMCID: PMC3204299 DOI: 10.1186/1743-422x-8-462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2011] [Accepted: 10/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background HIV-1 Gag virus like particles (VLPs) used as candidate vaccines are regarded as inert particles as they contain no replicative nucleic acid, although they do encapsidate cellular RNAs. During HIV-1 Gag VLP production in baculovirus-based expression systems, VLPs incorporate the baculovirus Gp64 envelope glycoprotein, which facilitates their entry into mammalian cells. This suggests that HIV-1 Gag VLPs produced using this system facilitate uptake and subsequent expression of encapsidated RNA in mammalian cells - an unfavourable characteristic for a vaccine. Methods HIV-1 Gag VLPs encapsidating reporter chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) RNA, were made in insect cells using the baculovirus expression system. The presence of Gp64 on the VLPs was verified by western blotting and RT-PCR used to detect and quantitate encapsidated CAT RNA. VLP samples were heated to inactivate CAT RNA. Unheated and heated VLPs incubated with selected mammalian cell lines and cell lysates tested for the presence of CAT protein by ELISA. Mice were inoculated with heated and unheated VLPs using a DNA prime VLP boost regimen. Results HIV-1 Gag VLPs produced had significantly high levels of Gp64 (~1650 Gp64 molecules/VLP) on their surfaces. The amount of encapsidated CAT RNA/μg Gag VLPs ranged between 0.1 to 7 ng. CAT protein was detected in 3 of the 4 mammalian cell lines incubated with VLPs. Incubation with heated VLPs resulted in BHK-21 and HeLa cell lysates showing reduced CAT protein levels compared with unheated VLPs and HEK-293 cells. Mice inoculated with a DNA prime VLP boost regimen developed Gag CD8 and CD4 T cell responses to GagCAT VLPs which also boosted a primary DNA response. Heating VLPs did not abrogate these immune responses but enhanced the Gag CD4 T cell responses by two-fold. Conclusions Baculovirus-produced HIV-1 Gag VLPs encapsidating CAT RNA were taken up by selected mammalian cell lines. The presence of CAT protein indicates that encapsidated RNA was expressed in the mammalian cells. Heat-treatment of the VLPs altered the ability of protein to be expressed in some cell lines tested but did not affect the ability of the VLPs to stimulate an immune response when inoculated into mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyaad Valley-Omar
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Cape Town, University Ave, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
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Conese M, Ascenzioni F, Boyd AC, Coutelle C, De Fino I, De Smedt S, Rejman J, Rosenecker J, Schindelhauer D, Scholte BJ. Gene and cell therapy for cystic fibrosis: from bench to bedside. J Cyst Fibros 2011; 10 Suppl 2:S114-28. [PMID: 21658631 DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(11)60017-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Clinical trials in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients established proof-of-principle for transfer of the wild-type cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene to airway epithelial cells. However, the limited efficacy of gene transfer vectors as well as extra- and intracellular barriers have prevented the development of a gene therapy-based treatment for CF. Here, we review the use of new viral and nonviral gene therapy vectors, as well as human artificial chromosomes, to overcome barriers to successful CFTR expression. Pre-clinical studies will surely benefit from novel animal models, such as CF pigs and ferrets. Prenatal gene therapy is a potential alternative to gene transfer to fully developed lungs. However, unresolved issues, including the possibility of adverse effects on pre- and postnatal development, the risk of initiating oncogenic or degenerative processes and germ line transmission require further investigation. Finally, we discuss the therapeutic potential of stem cells for CF lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Conese
- Institute for the Experimental Treatment of Cystic Fibrosis, Milan, Italy.
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Metelo J, Ward N, Thrasher AJ, Burns SO. Lentivectors are efficient tools to manipulate the dendritic cell cytoskeleton. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2011; 68:434-45. [DOI: 10.1002/cm.20521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2011] [Revised: 06/23/2011] [Accepted: 06/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Donnelley M, Siu KKW, Jamison RA, Parsons DW. Synchrotron phase-contrast X-ray imaging reveals fluid dosing dynamics for gene transfer into mouse airways. Gene Ther 2011; 19:8-14. [PMID: 21654825 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2011.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Although airway gene transfer research in mouse models relies on bolus fluid dosing into the nose or trachea, the dynamics and immediate fate of delivered gene transfer agents are poorly understood. In particular, this is because there are no in vivo methods able to accurately visualize the movement of fluid in small airways of intact animals. Using synchrotron phase-contrast X-ray imaging, we show that the fate of surrogate fluid doses delivered into live mouse airways can now be accurately and non-invasively monitored with high spatial and temporal resolution. This new imaging approach can help explain the non-homogenous distributions of gene expression observed in nasal airway gene transfer studies, suggests that substantial dose losses may occur at deliver into mouse trachea via immediate retrograde fluid motion and shows the influence of the speed of bolus delivery on the relative targeting of conducting and deeper lung airways. These findings provide insight into some of the factors that can influence gene expression in vivo, and this method provides a new approach to documenting and analyzing dose delivery in small-animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Donnelley
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, Australia.
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Li XY, Lai YK, Zhang JF, Luo HQ, Zhang MH, Zhou KY, Kung HF. Lentivirus-mediated RNA interference targeting Bax inhibitor-1 suppresses ex vivo cell proliferation and in vivo tumor growth of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Hum Gene Ther 2011; 22:1201-8. [PMID: 21545297 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2010.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Bax inhibitor-1 (Bi-1), an anti-apoptotic protein that belongs to the Bcl-2 family, plays an important role in the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway to suppress Bax-induced apoptosis. In several human cancers, including nasopharyngeal carcinoma, its expression was found to be increased; however, up-regulated expression of this protein has been linked to increased cell proliferations. In this study, we down-regulated the gene expression of Bi-1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells by using a lentivirus transfection system packed with short hairpin RNA targeting Bi-1 and used an in vivo model to assess its efficacy as a target in human gene therapy. The data indicated that human malignant nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells, CNE-1 and SUNE-1, transfected with lentiviral short hairpin RNA targeting Bi-1 grew more slowly and showed a higher degree of apoptosis. Moreover, the tumorigenicity of CNE-1 was significantly suppressed when inoculated mice were intratumorically injected with the same vector. Taken together, these data lead us to conclude that Bi-1 plays a crucial role in CNE-1 tumorigenesis and that Bi-1 may be a novel therapeutic target for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-yong Li
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
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Dylla DE, Xie L, Michele DE, Kunz S, McCray PB. Altering α-dystroglycan receptor affinity of LCMV pseudotyped lentivirus yields unique cell and tissue tropism. GENETIC VACCINES AND THERAPY 2011; 9:8. [PMID: 21477292 PMCID: PMC3080791 DOI: 10.1186/1479-0556-9-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2010] [Accepted: 04/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The envelope glycoprotein of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) can efficiently pseudotype lentiviral vectors. Some strains of LCMV exploit high affinity interactions with α-dystroglycan (α-DG) to bind to cell surfaces and subsequently fuse in low pH endosomes. LCMV strains with low α-DG affinity utilize an unknown receptor and display unique tissue tropisms. We pseudotyped non-primate feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) vectors using LCMV derived glycoproteins with high or low affinity to α-DG and evaluated their properties in vitro and in vivo. METHODS We pseudotyped FIV with the LCMV WE54 strain envelope glycoprotein and also engineered a point mutation in the WE54 envelope glycoprotein (L260F) to diminish α-DG affinity and direct binding to alternate receptors. We hypothesized that this change would alter in vivo tissue tropism and enhance gene transfer to neonatal animals. RESULTS In mice, hepatic α- and β-DG expression was greatest at the late gestational and neonatal time points. When displayed on the surface of the FIV lentivirus the WE54 L260F mutant glycoprotein bound weakly to immobilized α-DG. Additionally, LCMV WE54 pseudotyped FIV vector transduction was neutralized by pre-incubation with soluble α-DG, while the mutant glycoprotein pseudotyped vector was not. In vivo gene transfer in adult mice with either envelope yielded low transduction efficiencies in hepatocytes following intravenous delivery. In marked contrast, neonatal gene transfer with the LCMV envelopes, and notably with the FIV-L260F vector, conferred abundant liver and lower level cardiomyocyte transduction as detected by luciferase assays, bioluminescent imaging, and β-galactosidase staining. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that a developmentally regulated receptor for LCMV is expressed abundantly in neonatal mice. LCMV pseudotyped vectors may have applications for neonatal gene transfer. ABBREVIATIONS Armstrong 53b (Arm53b); baculovirus Autographa californica GP64 (GP64); charge-coupled device (CCD); dystroglycan (DG); feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV); glycoprotein precursor (GP-C); firefly luciferase (Luc); lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV); nuclear targeted β-galactosidase (ntLacZ); optical density (OD); PBS/0.1% (w/v) Tween-20 (PBST); relative light units (RLU); Rous sarcoma virus (RSV); transducing units per milliliter (TU/ml); vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV-G); wheat germ agglutinin (WGA); 50% reduction in binding (C50).
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas E Dylla
- Genetics Ph,D, Program, Program in Gene Therapy, 240 EMRB, The University of Iowa Roy J, and Lucille A, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
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Negri DR, Michelini Z, Bona R, Blasi M, Filati P, Leone P, Rossi A, Franco M, Cara A. Integrase-defective lentiviral-vector-based vaccine: a new vector for induction of T cell immunity. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2011; 11:739-50. [PMID: 21434847 DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2011.571670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The development of new strategies for the induction of potent and broad immune responses is of high priority in the vaccine field. In this setting, integrase-defective lentiviral vectors (IDLV) represent a new and promising delivery system for immunization purposes. AREAS COVERED In this review we describe the development and application of IDLV for vaccination. IDLV are turning out to be a new class of vectors endowed with peculiar characteristics, setting them apart from the parental integration-competent lentiviral vectors. Recent data suggest that IDLV are able to induce strong antigen-specific immune responses in terms of quantity, persistence and quality of CD8(+) T cell response following a single immunization in mice. EXPERT OPINION IDLV are a recent acquisition in the field of genetic immunization, thus allowing for the opportunity of further upgrading, including increasing antigen expression and potency of immune response. Based on recent reports showing the potential of IDLV for immunization in mouse models, further development and validation of IDLV, including comparison with other vaccine protocols and use in non-human primate models, are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Rm Negri
- Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
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Sinn PL, Anthony RM, McCray PB. Genetic therapies for cystic fibrosis lung disease. Hum Mol Genet 2011; 20:R79-86. [PMID: 21422098 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddr104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of gene therapy for cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease is to efficiently and safely express the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) in the appropriate pulmonary cell types. Although CF patients experience multi-organ disease, the chronic bacterial lung infections and associated inflammation are the primary cause of shortened life expectancy. Gene transfer-based therapeutic approaches are feasible, in part, because the airway epithelium is directly accessible by aerosol delivery or instillation. Improvements in standard delivery vectors and the development of novel vectors, as well as emerging technologies and new animal models, are propelling exciting new research forward. Here, we review recent developments that are advancing this field of investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick L Sinn
- Program in Gene Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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Orlando C, Castellani S, Mykhaylyk O, Copreni E, Zelphati O, Plank C, Conese M. Magnetically guided lentiviral-mediated transduction of airway epithelial cells. J Gene Med 2010; 12:747-54. [PMID: 20821745 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.1494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lentiviral (LV) vectors are able to only slowly and inefficiently transduce nondividing cells such as those of the airway epithelium. To address this issue, we have exploited the magnetofection technique in in vitro models of airway epithelium. METHODS Magnetofectins were formed by noncovalent interaction between LV particles and polycation-coated iron oxide nanoparticles. Efficiency of LV-mediated transduction (as evaluated through green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression by cytofluorimetric analysis) was measured in bronchial epithelial cells in the presence or absence of a magnetic field. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release; cell monolayer integrity by measurement of transepithelial resistance (TER) and evaluation of correct zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) localization at tight junctions (TJs) by immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy. RESULTS In nonpolarized cells, magnetofectins enhanced LV-mediated transduction at multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 50 up to 3.9-fold upon a 24-h incubation, to levels that approached those achieved at MOI of 200 for LV alone, in the presence or absence of the magnetic field. Magnetofection significantly increased the percentage of transduced cells up to 186-fold already after 15 min of incubation. In polarized cells, magnetofection increased GFP+ cells up to 24-fold compared to LV alone. Magnetofection did not enhance LDH release and slightly altered TER but not ZO-1 localization at the TJs. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that magnetofection can facilitate in vitro LV-mediated transduction of airway epithelial cells, in the absence of overt cytotoxicity and maintaining epithelial integrity, by lowering the necessary vector dose and reducing the incubation time required to achieve efficient transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Orlando
- Institute for Experimental Treatment of Cystic Fibrosis, HS Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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