1
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Mendiola-Salazar XA, Munguía-Laguna MA, Franco M, Cano-Martínez A, Santamaría Sosa J, Bautista-Pérez R. SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Enhances Carboxypeptidase Activity of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6276. [PMID: 38892464 PMCID: PMC11172802 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated whether severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein may modify angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) activity in the plasma, heart, kidney, liver, lung, and six brain regions (amygdala, brain stem, cortex, hippocampus, hypothalamus, and striatum) of diabetic and hypertensive rats. We determine ACE2 activity in the plasma and lysates of heart, kidney, liver, lung, and six brain regions. MLN-4760 inhibits ACE2 activity in the plasma and all organs. On the other hand, soluble ACE2 (sACE2) activity increased in the plasma of diabetic rats, and there was no change in the plasma of hypertensive rats. ACE2 activity was augmented in the liver, brain stem, and striatum, while it decreased in the kidney, amygdala, cortex, and hippocampus of diabetic rats. ACE2 activity increased in the kidney, liver, and lung, while it decreased in the heart, amygdala, cortex, and hypothalamus of hypertensive rats. We measured the ACE2 content via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and found that ACE2 protein levels increased in the heart, while it decreased in the plasma, kidney, brain stem, cortex, hippocampus, hypothalamus, and striatum of diabetic rats. ACE2 protein levels decreased in the brain stem, cortex, hippocampus, and hypothalamus of hypertensive rats. Our data showed that the spike protein enhanced ACE2 activity in the liver and lungs of diabetic rats, as well as in the heart and three of the brain regions (cortex, hypothalamus, and striatum) of hypertensive rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xóchitl Andrea Mendiola-Salazar
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico (M.A.M.-L.)
- Carrera de Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 54090, Mexico
| | - Melanie A. Munguía-Laguna
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico (M.A.M.-L.)
| | - Martha Franco
- Department of Cardio-Renal Pathophysiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (M.F.); (J.S.S.)
| | - Agustina Cano-Martínez
- Department of Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - José Santamaría Sosa
- Department of Cardio-Renal Pathophysiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (M.F.); (J.S.S.)
| | - Rocío Bautista-Pérez
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico (M.A.M.-L.)
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2
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Zhang Y, Zhai S, Huang H, Qin S, Sun M, Chen Y, Lan X, Li G, Huang Z, Wang D, Luo Y, Xiao W, Li H, He X, Chen M, Peng X, Song X. Efficient signal sequence of mRNA vaccines enhances the antigen expression to expand the immune protection against viral infection. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:295. [PMID: 38807131 PMCID: PMC11134928 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02488-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The signal sequence played a crucial role in the efficacy of mRNA vaccines against virus pandemic by influencing antigen translation. However, limited research had been conducted to compare and analyze the specific mechanisms involved. In this study, a novel approach was introduced by substituting the signal sequence of the mRNA antigen to enhance its immune response. Computational simulations demonstrated that various signal peptides differed in their binding capacities with the signal recognition particle (SRP) 54 M subunit, which positively correlated with antigen translation efficiency. Our data revealed that the signal sequences of tPA and IL-6-modified receptor binding domain (RBD) mRNA vaccines sequentially led to higher antigen expression and elicited more robust humoral and cellular immune protection against the SARS-CoV-2 compared to the original signal sequence. By highlighting the importance of the signal sequence, this research provided a foundational and safe approach for ongoing modifications in signal sequence-antigen design, aiming to optimize the efficacy of mRNA vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yupei Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Songhui Zhai
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Hai Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Shugang Qin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Min Sun
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yuting Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xing Lan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Guohong Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhiying Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Denggang Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yaoyao Luo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Wen Xiao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xi He
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Meiwan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China.
| | - Xingchen Peng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Xiangrong Song
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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3
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Yin Y, Guo Y, Jiang Y, Quinlan B, Peng H, Crynen G, He W, Zhang L, Ou T, Bailey CC, Farzan M. In vivo affinity maturation of mouse B cells reprogrammed to express human antibodies. Nat Biomed Eng 2024; 8:361-379. [PMID: 38486104 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-024-01179-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Mice adoptively transferred with mouse B cells edited via CRISPR to express human antibody variable chains could help evaluate candidate vaccines and develop better antibody therapies. However, current editing strategies disrupt the heavy-chain locus, resulting in inefficient somatic hypermutation without functional affinity maturation. Here we show that these key B-cell functions can be preserved by directly and simultaneously replacing recombined mouse heavy and kappa chains with those of human antibodies, using a single Cas12a-mediated cut at each locus and 5' homology arms complementary to distal V segments. Cells edited in this way to express the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) broadly neutralizing antibody 10-1074 or VRC26.25-y robustly hypermutated and generated potent neutralizing plasma in vaccinated mice. The 10-1074 variants isolated from the mice neutralized a global panel of HIV-1 isolates more efficiently than wild-type 10-1074 while maintaining its low polyreactivity and long half-life. We also used the approach to improve the potency of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies against recent Omicron strains. In vivo affinity maturation of B cells edited at their native loci may facilitate the development of broad, potent and bioavailable antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Yin
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- The Center for Integrated Solutions to Infectious Diseases (CISID), The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Yan Guo
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Biomedical Research, University of Florida, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Yuxuan Jiang
- Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, AML, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Brian Quinlan
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Biomedical Research, University of Florida, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Haiyong Peng
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Biomedical Research, University of Florida, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Gogce Crynen
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Biomedical Research, University of Florida, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Wenhui He
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- The Center for Integrated Solutions to Infectious Diseases (CISID), The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Lizhou Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tianling Ou
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- The Center for Integrated Solutions to Infectious Diseases (CISID), The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Charles C Bailey
- The Center for Integrated Solutions to Infectious Diseases (CISID), The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Michael Farzan
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- The Center for Integrated Solutions to Infectious Diseases (CISID), The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
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4
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Ruocco V, Vavra U, König-Beihammer J, Bolaños−Martínez OC, Kallolimath S, Maresch D, Grünwald-Gruber C, Strasser R. Impact of mutations on the plant-based production of recombinant SARS-CoV-2 RBDs. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1275228. [PMID: 37868317 PMCID: PMC10588190 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1275228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Subunit vaccines based on recombinant viral antigens are valuable interventions to fight existing and evolving viruses and can be produced at large-scale in plant-based expression systems. The recombinant viral antigens are often derived from glycosylated envelope proteins of the virus and glycosylation plays an important role for the immunogenicity by shielding protein epitopes. The receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike is a principal target for vaccine development and has been produced in plants, but the yields of recombinant RBD variants were low and the role of the N-glycosylation in RBD from different SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern is less studied. Here, we investigated the expression and glycosylation of six different RBD variants transiently expressed in leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana. All of the purified RBD variants were functional in terms of receptor binding and displayed almost full N-glycan occupancy at both glycosylation sites with predominately complex N-glycans. Despite the high structural sequence conservation of the RBD variants, we detected a variation in yield which can be attributed to lower expression and differences in unintentional proteolytic processing of the C-terminal polyhistidine tag used for purification. Glycoengineering towards a human-type complex N-glycan profile with core α1,6-fucose, showed that the reactivity of the neutralizing antibody S309 differs depending on the N-glycan profile and the RBD variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Ruocco
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ulrike Vavra
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia König-Beihammer
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Omayra C. Bolaños−Martínez
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Somanath Kallolimath
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel Maresch
- Core Facility Mass Spectrometry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Clemens Grünwald-Gruber
- Core Facility Mass Spectrometry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Richard Strasser
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
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5
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Setyo Utomo DI, Suhaimi H, Muhammad Azami NA, Azmi F, Mohd Amin MCI, Xu J. An Overview of Recent Developments in the Application of Antigen Displaying Vaccine Platforms: Hints for Future SARS-CoV-2 VLP Vaccines. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1506. [PMID: 37766182 PMCID: PMC10536610 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11091506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, a great effort has been devoted to studying attenuated and subunit vaccine development against SARS-CoV-2 since its outbreak in December 2019. It is known that diverse virus-like particles (VLPs) are extensively employed as carriers to display various antigenic and immunostimulatory cargo modules for vaccine development. Single or multiple antigens or antigenic domains such as the spike or nucleocapsid protein or their variants from SARS-CoV-2 could also be incorporated into VLPs via either a genetic or chemical display approach. Such antigen display platforms would help screen safer and more effective vaccine candidates capable of generating a strong immune response with or without adjuvant. This review aims to provide valuable insights for the future development of SARS-CoV-2 VLP vaccines by summarizing the latest updates and perspectives on the vaccine development of VLP platforms for genetic and chemical displaying antigens from SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doddy Irawan Setyo Utomo
- Research Center for Vaccine and Drug, Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Gedung 611, LAPTIAB, KST Habibie, Serpong, Tangerang Selatan 15314, Indonesia;
| | - Hamizah Suhaimi
- Centre of Drug Delivery Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (H.S.); (F.A.); (M.C.I.M.A.)
| | - Nor Azila Muhammad Azami
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Fazren Azmi
- Centre of Drug Delivery Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (H.S.); (F.A.); (M.C.I.M.A.)
| | - Mohd Cairul Iqbal Mohd Amin
- Centre of Drug Delivery Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (H.S.); (F.A.); (M.C.I.M.A.)
| | - Jian Xu
- Laboratory of Biology and Information Science, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
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6
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Baghban R, Ghasemian A, Mahmoodi S. Nucleic acid-based vaccine platforms against the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19). Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:150. [PMID: 36995507 PMCID: PMC10062302 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03480-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has infected 673,010,496 patients and caused the death of 6,854,959 cases globally until today. Enormous efforts have been made to develop fundamentally different COVID-19 vaccine platforms. Nucleic acid-based vaccines consisting of mRNA and DNA vaccines (third-generation vaccines) have been promising in terms of rapid and convenient production and efficient provocation of immune responses against the COVID-19. Several DNA-based (ZyCoV-D, INO-4800, AG0302-COVID19, and GX-19N) and mRNA-based (BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, and ARCoV) approved vaccine platforms have been utilized for the COVID-19 prevention. mRNA vaccines are at the forefront of all platforms for COVID-19 prevention. However, these vaccines have lower stability, while DNA vaccines are needed with higher doses to stimulate the immune responses. Intracellular delivery of nucleic acid-based vaccines and their adverse events needs further research. Considering re-emergence of the COVID-19 variants of concern, vaccine reassessment and the development of polyvalent vaccines, or pan-coronavirus strategies, is essential for effective infection prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roghayyeh Baghban
- Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Abdolmajid Ghasemian
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Shirin Mahmoodi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
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7
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Reutovich AA, Srivastava AK, Arosio P, Bou-Abdallah F. Ferritin nanocages as efficient nanocarriers and promising platforms for COVID-19 and other vaccines development. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2023; 1867:130288. [PMID: 36470367 PMCID: PMC9721431 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2022.130288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of safe and effective vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses with high antigenic drift is of crucial importance to public health. Ferritin is a well characterized and ubiquitous iron storage protein that has emerged not only as a useful nanoreactor and nanocarrier, but more recently as an efficient platform for vaccine development. SCOPE OF REVIEW This review discusses ferritin structure-function properties, self-assembly, and novel bioengineering strategies such as interior cavity and exterior surface modifications for cargo encapsulation and delivery. It also discusses the use of ferritin as a scaffold for biomedical applications, especially for vaccine development against influenza, Epstein-Barr, HIV, hepatitis-C, Lyme disease, and respiratory viruses such as SARS-CoV-2. The use of ferritin for the synthesis of mosaic vaccines to deliver a cocktail of antigens that elicit broad immune protection against different viral variants is also explored. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS The remarkable stability, biocompatibility, surface functionalization, and self-assembly properties of ferritin nanoparticles make them very attractive platforms for a wide range of biomedical applications, including the development of vaccines. Strong immune responses have been observed in pre-clinical studies against a wide range of pathogens and have led to the exploration of ferritin nanoparticles-based vaccines in multiple phase I clinical trials. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The broad protective antibody response of ferritin nanoparticles-based vaccines demonstrates the usefulness of ferritin as a highly promising and effective approaches for vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ayush K Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York, Potsdam, NY 13676, USA
| | - Paolo Arosio
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy
| | - Fadi Bou-Abdallah
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York, Potsdam, NY 13676, USA.
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8
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Qin S, Huang H, Xiao W, Chen K, He X, Tang X, Huang Z, Zhang Y, Duan X, Fan N, Zheng Q, Wu M, Lu G, Wei Y, Wei X, Song X. A novel heterologous receptor-binding domain dodecamer universal mRNA vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 variants. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:S2211-3835(23)00010-2. [PMID: 36647424 PMCID: PMC9833852 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
There are currently approximately 4,000 mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 S protein gene and emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants continue to spread rapidly worldwide. Universal vaccines with high efficacy and safety urgently need to be developed to prevent SARS-CoV-2 variants pandemic. Here, we described a novel self-assembling universal mRNA vaccine containing a heterologous receptor-binding domain (HRBD)-based dodecamer (HRBDdodecamer) against SARS-CoV-2 variants, including Alpha (B.1.1.7), Beta (B.1.351), Gamma (B.1.1.28.1), Delta (B.1.617.2) and Omicron (B.1.1.529). HRBD containing four heterologous RBD (Delta, Beta, Gamma, and Wild-type) can form a stable dodecameric conformation under T4 trimerization tag (Flodon, FD). The HRBDdodecamer -encoding mRNA was then encapsulated into the newly-constructed LNPs consisting of a novel ionizable lipid (4N4T). The obtained universal mRNA vaccine (4N4T-HRBDdodecamer) presented higher efficiency in mRNA transfection and expression than the approved ALC-0315 LNPs, initiating potent immune protection against the immune escape of SARS-CoV-2 caused by evolutionary mutation. These findings demonstrated the first evidence that structure-based antigen design and mRNA delivery carrier optimization may facilitate the development of effective universal mRNA vaccines to tackle SARS-CoV-2 variants pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Xi He
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaoshan Tang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhiying Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yupei Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xing Duan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Na Fan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qian Zheng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Guangwen Lu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiangrong Song
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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9
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Ghazvini K, Keikha M. Multivalent vaccines against new SARS-CoV-2 hybrid variants. VACUNAS (ENGLISH EDITION) 2023; 24. [PMCID: PMC9969532 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacune.2023.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kiarash Ghazvini
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran,Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Masoud Keikha
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran,Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran,Corresponding author
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10
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Ghazvini K, Keikha M. Multivalent vaccines against new SARS-CoV-2 hybrid variants. VACUNAS 2023; 24:76-77. [PMID: 35757082 PMCID: PMC9212962 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacun.2022.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kiarash Ghazvini
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran,Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Masoud Keikha
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran,Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran,Corresponding author
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11
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Guan X, Yang Y, Du L. Advances in SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain-based COVID-19 vaccines. Expert Rev Vaccines 2023; 22:422-439. [PMID: 37161869 PMCID: PMC10355161 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2023.2211153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused devastating human and economic costs. Vaccination is an important step in controlling the pandemic. Severe acute respiratory coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of COVID-19, infects cells by binding a cellular receptor through the receptor-binding domain (RBD) within the S1 subunit of the spike (S) protein. Viral entry and membrane fusion are mediated by the S2 subunit. AREAS COVERED SARS-CoV-2 S protein, particularly RBD, serves as an important target for vaccines. Here we review the structure and function of SARS-CoV-2 S protein and its RBD, summarize current COVID-19 vaccines targeting the RBD, and outline potential strategies for improving RBD-based vaccines. Overall, this review provides important information that will facilitate rational design and development of safer and more effective COVID-19 vaccines. EXPERT OPINION The S protein of SARS-CoV-2 harbors numerous mutations, mostly in the RBD, resulting in multiple variant strains. Although many COVID-19 vaccines targeting the RBD of original virus strain (and previous variants) can prevent infection of these strains, their ability against recent dominant variants, particularly Omicron and its offspring, is significantly reduced. Collective efforts are needed to develop effective broad-spectrum vaccines to control current and future variants that have pandemic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Guan
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yang Yang
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Lanying Du
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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12
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Improved interface packing and design opportunities revealed by CryoEM analysis of a designed protein nanocage. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12280. [PMID: 36590526 PMCID: PMC9801105 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Symmetric protein assemblies play important roles in nature which makes them an attractive target for engineering. De novo symmetric protein complexes can be created through computational protein design to tailor their properties from first principles, and recently several protein nanocages have been created by bringing together protein components through hydrophobic interactions. Accurate experimental structures of newly-developed proteins are essential to validate their design, improve assembly stability, and tailor downstream applications. We describe the CryoEM structure of the nanocage I3-01, at an overall resolution of 3.5 Å. I3-01, comprising 60 aldolase subunits arranged with icosahedral symmetry, has resisted high-resolution characterization. Some key differences between the refined structure and the original design are identified, such as improved packing of hydrophobic sidechains, providing insight to the resistance of I3-01 to high-resolution averaging. Based on our analysis, we suggest factors important in the design and structural processing of new assemblies.
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Rudi E, Martin Aispuro P, Zurita E, Gonzalez Lopez Ledesma M, Bottero D, Malito J, Gabrielli M, Gaillard E, Stuible M, Durocher Y, Gamarnik A, Wigdorovitz A, Hozbor D. Immunological study of COVID-19 vaccine candidate based on recombinant spike trimer protein from different SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1020159. [PMID: 36248791 PMCID: PMC9560800 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1020159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergency of new SARS-CoV-2 variants that feature increased immune escape marks an urgent demand for better vaccines that will provide broader immunogenicity. Here, we evaluated the immunogenic capacity of vaccine candidates based on the recombinant trimeric spike protein (S) of different SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOC), including the ancestral Wuhan, Beta and Delta viruses. In particular, we assessed formulations containing either single or combined S protein variants. Our study shows that the formulation containing the single S protein from the ancestral Wuhan virus at a concentration of 2µg (SW2-Vac 2µg) displayed in the mouse model the highest IgG antibody levels against all the three (Wuhan, Beta, and Delta) SARS-CoV-2 S protein variants tested. In addition, this formulation induced significantly higher neutralizing antibody titers against the three viral variants when compared with authorized Gam-COVID-Vac-rAd26/rAd5 (Sputnik V) or ChAdOx1 (AstraZeneca) vaccines. SW2-Vac 2µg was also able to induce IFN-gamma and IL-17, memory CD4 populations and follicular T cells. Used as a booster dose for schedules performed with different authorized vaccines, SW2-Vac 2µg vaccine candidate also induced higher levels of total IgG and IgG isotypes against S protein from different SARS-CoV-2 variants in comparison with those observed with homologous 3-dose schedule of Sputnik V or AstraZeneca. Moreover, SW2-Vac 2µg booster induced broadly strong neutralizing antibody levels against the three tested SARS-CoV-2 variants. SW2-Vac 2µg booster also induced CD4+ central memory, CD4+ effector and CD8+ populations. Overall, the results demonstrate that SW2-Vac 2 µg is a promising formulation for the development of a next generation COVID-19 vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Rudi
- Laboratorio VacSal, Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Centro Científico Tecnológico – Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CCT-CONICET), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Pablo Martin Aispuro
- Laboratorio VacSal, Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Centro Científico Tecnológico – Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CCT-CONICET), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Eugenia Zurita
- Laboratorio VacSal, Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Centro Científico Tecnológico – Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CCT-CONICET), La Plata, Argentina
| | | | - Daniela Bottero
- Laboratorio VacSal, Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Centro Científico Tecnológico – Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CCT-CONICET), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Juan Malito
- INCUINTA INTA, CONICET, HURLINGHAM, INTA Castelar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Magali Gabrielli
- Laboratorio VacSal, Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Centro Científico Tecnológico – Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CCT-CONICET), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Emilia Gaillard
- Laboratorio VacSal, Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Centro Científico Tecnológico – Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CCT-CONICET), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Matthew Stuible
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Yves Durocher
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Andrés Wigdorovitz
- INCUINTA INTA, CONICET, HURLINGHAM, INTA Castelar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniela Hozbor
- Laboratorio VacSal, Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Centro Científico Tecnológico – Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CCT-CONICET), La Plata, Argentina
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McCafferty S, Haque AKMA, Vandierendonck A, Weidensee B, Plovyt M, Stuchlíková M, François N, Valembois S, Heyndrickx L, Michiels J, Ariën KK, Vandekerckhove L, Abdelnabi R, Foo CS, Neyts J, Sahu I, Sanders NN. A dual-antigen self-amplifying RNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine induces potent humoral and cellular immune responses and protects against SARS-CoV-2 variants through T cell-mediated immunity. Mol Ther 2022; 30:2968-2983. [PMID: 35450821 PMCID: PMC9020838 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Self-amplifying RNA vaccines may induce equivalent or more potent immune responses at lower doses compared to non-replicating mRNA vaccines via amplified antigen expression. In this paper, we demonstrate that 1 μg of an LNP-formulated dual-antigen self-amplifying RNA vaccine (ZIP1642), encoding both the S-RBD and N antigen, elicits considerably higher neutralizing antibody titers against Wuhan-like Beta B.1.351 and Delta B.1.617.2 SARS-CoV-2 variants compared to those of convalescent patients. In addition, ZIP1642 vaccination in mice expanded both S- and N-specific CD3+CD4+ and CD3+CD8+ T cells and caused a Th1 shifted cytokine response. We demonstrate that the induction of such dual antigen-targeted cell-mediated immune response may provide better protection against variants displaying highly mutated Spike proteins, as infectious viral loads of both Wuhan-like and Beta variants were decreased after challenge of ZIP1642 vaccinated hamsters. Supported by these results, we encourage redirecting focus toward the induction of multiple antigen-targeted cell-mediated immunity in addition to neutralizing antibody responses to bypass waning antibody responses and attenuate infectious breakthrough and disease severity of future SARS-CoV-2 variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean McCafferty
- Ziphius Vaccines NV, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Veterinary and Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Nathalie François
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Veterinary and Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | | | - Leo Heyndrickx
- Virology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Johan Michiels
- Virology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Kevin K Ariën
- Virology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Linos Vandekerckhove
- HIV Cure and Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rana Abdelnabi
- University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Caroline S Foo
- University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johan Neyts
- University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; Global Virus Network (GVN), Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Niek N Sanders
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Veterinary and Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute (CRIG), Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
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15
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Nanoparticle and virus-like particle vaccine approaches against SARS-CoV-2. J Microbiol 2022; 60:335-346. [PMID: 35089583 PMCID: PMC8795728 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-022-1608-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The global spread of coronavirus disease 2019 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has provoked an urgent need for prophylactic measures. Several innovative vaccine platforms have been introduced and billions of vaccine doses have been administered worldwide. To enable the creation of safer and more effective vaccines, additional platforms are under development. These include the use of nanoparticle (NP) and virus-like particle (VLP) technology. NP vaccines utilize self-assembling scaffold structures designed to load the entire spike protein or receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 in a trimeric configuration. In contrast, VLP vaccines are genetically modified recombinant viruses that are considered safe, as they are generally replication-defective. Furthermore, VLPs have indigenous immunogenic potential due to their microbial origin. Importantly, NP and VLP vaccines have shown stronger immunogenicity with greater protection by mimicking the physicochemical characteristics of SARS-CoV-2. The study of NP- and VLP-based coronavirus vaccines will help ensure the development of rapid-response technology against SARS-CoV-2 variants and future coronavirus pandemics.
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16
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Borgoyakova MB, Karpenko LI, Rudometov AP, Volosnikova EA, Merkuleva IA, Starostina EV, Zadorozhny AM, Isaeva AA, Nesmeyanova VS, Shanshin DV, Baranov KO, Volkova NV, Zaitsev BN, Orlova LA, Zaykovskaya AV, Pyankov OV, Danilenko ED, Bazhan SI, Shcherbakov DN, Taranin AV, Ilyichev AA. Self-Assembled Particles Combining SARS-CoV-2 RBD Protein and RBD DNA Vaccine Induce Synergistic Enhancement of the Humoral Response in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:2188. [PMID: 35216301 PMCID: PMC8876144 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the fact that a range of vaccines against COVID-19 have already been created and are used for mass vaccination, the development of effective, safe, technological, and affordable vaccines continues. We have designed a vaccine that combines the recombinant protein and DNA vaccine approaches in a self-assembled particle. The receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 was conjugated to polyglucin:spermidine and mixed with DNA vaccine (pVAXrbd), which led to the formation of particles of combined coronavirus vaccine (CCV-RBD) that contain the DNA vaccine inside and RBD protein on the surface. CCV-RBD particles were characterized with gel filtration, electron microscopy, and biolayer interferometry. To investigate the immunogenicity of the combined vaccine and its components, mice were immunized with the DNA vaccine pVAXrbd or RBD protein as well as CCV-RBD particles. The highest antigen-specific IgG and neutralizing activity were induced by CCV-RBD, and the level of antibodies induced by DNA or RBD alone was significantly lower. The cellular immune response was detected only in the case of DNA or CCV-RBD vaccination. These results demonstrate that a combination of DNA vaccine and RBD protein in one construct synergistically increases the humoral response to RBD protein in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariya B. Borgoyakova
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”, 630559 Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, Russia; (M.B.B.); (A.P.R.); (E.A.V.); (I.A.M.); (E.V.S.); (A.M.Z.); (A.A.I.); (V.S.N.); (D.V.S.); (N.V.V.); (B.N.Z.); (L.A.O.); (A.V.Z.); (O.V.P.); (E.D.D.); (S.I.B.); (D.N.S.); (A.A.I.)
| | - Larisa I. Karpenko
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”, 630559 Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, Russia; (M.B.B.); (A.P.R.); (E.A.V.); (I.A.M.); (E.V.S.); (A.M.Z.); (A.A.I.); (V.S.N.); (D.V.S.); (N.V.V.); (B.N.Z.); (L.A.O.); (A.V.Z.); (O.V.P.); (E.D.D.); (S.I.B.); (D.N.S.); (A.A.I.)
| | - Andrey P. Rudometov
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”, 630559 Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, Russia; (M.B.B.); (A.P.R.); (E.A.V.); (I.A.M.); (E.V.S.); (A.M.Z.); (A.A.I.); (V.S.N.); (D.V.S.); (N.V.V.); (B.N.Z.); (L.A.O.); (A.V.Z.); (O.V.P.); (E.D.D.); (S.I.B.); (D.N.S.); (A.A.I.)
| | - Ekaterina A. Volosnikova
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”, 630559 Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, Russia; (M.B.B.); (A.P.R.); (E.A.V.); (I.A.M.); (E.V.S.); (A.M.Z.); (A.A.I.); (V.S.N.); (D.V.S.); (N.V.V.); (B.N.Z.); (L.A.O.); (A.V.Z.); (O.V.P.); (E.D.D.); (S.I.B.); (D.N.S.); (A.A.I.)
| | - Iuliia A. Merkuleva
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”, 630559 Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, Russia; (M.B.B.); (A.P.R.); (E.A.V.); (I.A.M.); (E.V.S.); (A.M.Z.); (A.A.I.); (V.S.N.); (D.V.S.); (N.V.V.); (B.N.Z.); (L.A.O.); (A.V.Z.); (O.V.P.); (E.D.D.); (S.I.B.); (D.N.S.); (A.A.I.)
| | - Ekaterina V. Starostina
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”, 630559 Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, Russia; (M.B.B.); (A.P.R.); (E.A.V.); (I.A.M.); (E.V.S.); (A.M.Z.); (A.A.I.); (V.S.N.); (D.V.S.); (N.V.V.); (B.N.Z.); (L.A.O.); (A.V.Z.); (O.V.P.); (E.D.D.); (S.I.B.); (D.N.S.); (A.A.I.)
| | - Alexey M. Zadorozhny
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”, 630559 Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, Russia; (M.B.B.); (A.P.R.); (E.A.V.); (I.A.M.); (E.V.S.); (A.M.Z.); (A.A.I.); (V.S.N.); (D.V.S.); (N.V.V.); (B.N.Z.); (L.A.O.); (A.V.Z.); (O.V.P.); (E.D.D.); (S.I.B.); (D.N.S.); (A.A.I.)
| | - Anastasiya A. Isaeva
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”, 630559 Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, Russia; (M.B.B.); (A.P.R.); (E.A.V.); (I.A.M.); (E.V.S.); (A.M.Z.); (A.A.I.); (V.S.N.); (D.V.S.); (N.V.V.); (B.N.Z.); (L.A.O.); (A.V.Z.); (O.V.P.); (E.D.D.); (S.I.B.); (D.N.S.); (A.A.I.)
| | - Valentina S. Nesmeyanova
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”, 630559 Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, Russia; (M.B.B.); (A.P.R.); (E.A.V.); (I.A.M.); (E.V.S.); (A.M.Z.); (A.A.I.); (V.S.N.); (D.V.S.); (N.V.V.); (B.N.Z.); (L.A.O.); (A.V.Z.); (O.V.P.); (E.D.D.); (S.I.B.); (D.N.S.); (A.A.I.)
| | - Daniil V. Shanshin
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”, 630559 Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, Russia; (M.B.B.); (A.P.R.); (E.A.V.); (I.A.M.); (E.V.S.); (A.M.Z.); (A.A.I.); (V.S.N.); (D.V.S.); (N.V.V.); (B.N.Z.); (L.A.O.); (A.V.Z.); (O.V.P.); (E.D.D.); (S.I.B.); (D.N.S.); (A.A.I.)
| | - Konstantin O. Baranov
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (K.O.B.); (A.V.T.)
| | - Natalya V. Volkova
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”, 630559 Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, Russia; (M.B.B.); (A.P.R.); (E.A.V.); (I.A.M.); (E.V.S.); (A.M.Z.); (A.A.I.); (V.S.N.); (D.V.S.); (N.V.V.); (B.N.Z.); (L.A.O.); (A.V.Z.); (O.V.P.); (E.D.D.); (S.I.B.); (D.N.S.); (A.A.I.)
| | - Boris N. Zaitsev
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”, 630559 Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, Russia; (M.B.B.); (A.P.R.); (E.A.V.); (I.A.M.); (E.V.S.); (A.M.Z.); (A.A.I.); (V.S.N.); (D.V.S.); (N.V.V.); (B.N.Z.); (L.A.O.); (A.V.Z.); (O.V.P.); (E.D.D.); (S.I.B.); (D.N.S.); (A.A.I.)
| | - Lyubov A. Orlova
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”, 630559 Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, Russia; (M.B.B.); (A.P.R.); (E.A.V.); (I.A.M.); (E.V.S.); (A.M.Z.); (A.A.I.); (V.S.N.); (D.V.S.); (N.V.V.); (B.N.Z.); (L.A.O.); (A.V.Z.); (O.V.P.); (E.D.D.); (S.I.B.); (D.N.S.); (A.A.I.)
| | - Anna V. Zaykovskaya
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”, 630559 Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, Russia; (M.B.B.); (A.P.R.); (E.A.V.); (I.A.M.); (E.V.S.); (A.M.Z.); (A.A.I.); (V.S.N.); (D.V.S.); (N.V.V.); (B.N.Z.); (L.A.O.); (A.V.Z.); (O.V.P.); (E.D.D.); (S.I.B.); (D.N.S.); (A.A.I.)
| | - Oleg V. Pyankov
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”, 630559 Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, Russia; (M.B.B.); (A.P.R.); (E.A.V.); (I.A.M.); (E.V.S.); (A.M.Z.); (A.A.I.); (V.S.N.); (D.V.S.); (N.V.V.); (B.N.Z.); (L.A.O.); (A.V.Z.); (O.V.P.); (E.D.D.); (S.I.B.); (D.N.S.); (A.A.I.)
| | - Elena D. Danilenko
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”, 630559 Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, Russia; (M.B.B.); (A.P.R.); (E.A.V.); (I.A.M.); (E.V.S.); (A.M.Z.); (A.A.I.); (V.S.N.); (D.V.S.); (N.V.V.); (B.N.Z.); (L.A.O.); (A.V.Z.); (O.V.P.); (E.D.D.); (S.I.B.); (D.N.S.); (A.A.I.)
| | - Sergei I. Bazhan
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”, 630559 Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, Russia; (M.B.B.); (A.P.R.); (E.A.V.); (I.A.M.); (E.V.S.); (A.M.Z.); (A.A.I.); (V.S.N.); (D.V.S.); (N.V.V.); (B.N.Z.); (L.A.O.); (A.V.Z.); (O.V.P.); (E.D.D.); (S.I.B.); (D.N.S.); (A.A.I.)
| | - Dmitry N. Shcherbakov
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”, 630559 Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, Russia; (M.B.B.); (A.P.R.); (E.A.V.); (I.A.M.); (E.V.S.); (A.M.Z.); (A.A.I.); (V.S.N.); (D.V.S.); (N.V.V.); (B.N.Z.); (L.A.O.); (A.V.Z.); (O.V.P.); (E.D.D.); (S.I.B.); (D.N.S.); (A.A.I.)
| | - Alexander V. Taranin
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (K.O.B.); (A.V.T.)
| | - Alexander A. Ilyichev
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”, 630559 Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, Russia; (M.B.B.); (A.P.R.); (E.A.V.); (I.A.M.); (E.V.S.); (A.M.Z.); (A.A.I.); (V.S.N.); (D.V.S.); (N.V.V.); (B.N.Z.); (L.A.O.); (A.V.Z.); (O.V.P.); (E.D.D.); (S.I.B.); (D.N.S.); (A.A.I.)
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17
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Borgoyakova MB, Karpenko LI, Rudometov AP, Shanshin DV, Isaeva AA, Nesmeyanova VS, Volkova NV, Belenkaya SV, Murashkin DE, Shcherbakov DN, Volosnikova EA, Starostina EV, Orlova LA, Danilchenko NV, Zaikovskaya AV, Pyankov OV, Ilyichev AA. Immunogenic Properties of the DNA Construct Encoding the Receptor-Binding Domain of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein. Mol Biol 2021; 55:889-898. [PMID: 34955558 PMCID: PMC8682036 DOI: 10.1134/s0026893321050046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The development of preventive vaccines became the first order task in the COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2. This paper reports the construction of the pVAX-RBD plasmid containing the Receptor-Binding Domain (RBD) of the S protein and a unique signal sequence 176 which promotes target protein secretion into the extracellular space thereby increasing the efficiency of humoral immune response activation. A polyglucine-spermidine conjugate (PGS) was used to deliver pVAX-RBD into the cells. The comparative immunogenicity study of the naked pVAX-RBD and pVAX-RBD enclosed in the PGS envelope showed that the latter was more efficient in inducing an immune response in the immunized mice. In particular, RBD-specific antibody titers were shown in ELISA to be no higher than 1 : 1000 in the animals from the pVAX-RBD group and 1 : 42 000, in the pVAX-RBD-PGS group. The pVAX-RBD‒PGS construct effectively induced cellular immune response. Using ELISpot, it has been demonstrated that splenocytes obtained from the immunized animals effectively produced INF-γ in response to stimulation with the S protein-derived peptide pool. The results suggest that the polyglucine-spermidine conjugate-enveloped pVAX-RBD construct may be considered as a promising DNA vaccine against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Borgoyakova
- Vector State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology, Russian Federal State Agency for Health and Consumer Rights Surveillance, 630559 Koltsovo, Novosibirsk oblast Russia
| | - L I Karpenko
- Vector State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology, Russian Federal State Agency for Health and Consumer Rights Surveillance, 630559 Koltsovo, Novosibirsk oblast Russia
| | - A P Rudometov
- Vector State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology, Russian Federal State Agency for Health and Consumer Rights Surveillance, 630559 Koltsovo, Novosibirsk oblast Russia
| | - D V Shanshin
- Vector State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology, Russian Federal State Agency for Health and Consumer Rights Surveillance, 630559 Koltsovo, Novosibirsk oblast Russia
| | - A A Isaeva
- Vector State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology, Russian Federal State Agency for Health and Consumer Rights Surveillance, 630559 Koltsovo, Novosibirsk oblast Russia.,World-Class Genomic Research Center for Biological Safety and Technological Independence, Federal Scientific and Technical Program for the Development of Genetic Technologies, Vector State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology, Russian Federal State Agency for Health and Consumer Rights Surveillance, 630559 Koltsovo, Novosibirsk oblast Russia
| | - V S Nesmeyanova
- Vector State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology, Russian Federal State Agency for Health and Consumer Rights Surveillance, 630559 Koltsovo, Novosibirsk oblast Russia.,World-Class Genomic Research Center for Biological Safety and Technological Independence, Federal Scientific and Technical Program for the Development of Genetic Technologies, Vector State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology, Russian Federal State Agency for Health and Consumer Rights Surveillance, 630559 Koltsovo, Novosibirsk oblast Russia
| | - N V Volkova
- Vector State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology, Russian Federal State Agency for Health and Consumer Rights Surveillance, 630559 Koltsovo, Novosibirsk oblast Russia
| | - S V Belenkaya
- Vector State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology, Russian Federal State Agency for Health and Consumer Rights Surveillance, 630559 Koltsovo, Novosibirsk oblast Russia
| | - D E Murashkin
- Vector State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology, Russian Federal State Agency for Health and Consumer Rights Surveillance, 630559 Koltsovo, Novosibirsk oblast Russia
| | - D N Shcherbakov
- Vector State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology, Russian Federal State Agency for Health and Consumer Rights Surveillance, 630559 Koltsovo, Novosibirsk oblast Russia.,World-Class Genomic Research Center for Biological Safety and Technological Independence, Federal Scientific and Technical Program for the Development of Genetic Technologies, Vector State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology, Russian Federal State Agency for Health and Consumer Rights Surveillance, 630559 Koltsovo, Novosibirsk oblast Russia
| | - E A Volosnikova
- Vector State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology, Russian Federal State Agency for Health and Consumer Rights Surveillance, 630559 Koltsovo, Novosibirsk oblast Russia
| | - E V Starostina
- Vector State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology, Russian Federal State Agency for Health and Consumer Rights Surveillance, 630559 Koltsovo, Novosibirsk oblast Russia
| | - L A Orlova
- Vector State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology, Russian Federal State Agency for Health and Consumer Rights Surveillance, 630559 Koltsovo, Novosibirsk oblast Russia
| | - N V Danilchenko
- Vector State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology, Russian Federal State Agency for Health and Consumer Rights Surveillance, 630559 Koltsovo, Novosibirsk oblast Russia
| | - A V Zaikovskaya
- Vector State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology, Russian Federal State Agency for Health and Consumer Rights Surveillance, 630559 Koltsovo, Novosibirsk oblast Russia
| | - O V Pyankov
- Vector State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology, Russian Federal State Agency for Health and Consumer Rights Surveillance, 630559 Koltsovo, Novosibirsk oblast Russia
| | - A A Ilyichev
- Vector State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology, Russian Federal State Agency for Health and Consumer Rights Surveillance, 630559 Koltsovo, Novosibirsk oblast Russia
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18
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Shafaati M, Saidijam M, Soleimani M, Hazrati F, Mirzaei R, Amirheidari B, Tanzadehpanah H, Karampoor S, Kazemi S, Yavari B, Mahaki H, Safaei M, Rahbarizadeh F, Samadi P, Ahmadyousefi Y. A brief review on DNA vaccines in the era of COVID-19. Future Virol 2021; 17:10.2217/fvl-2021-0170. [PMID: 34858516 PMCID: PMC8629371 DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2021-0170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This article provides a brief overview of DNA vaccines. First, the basic DNA vaccine design strategies are described, then specific issues related to the industrial production of DNA vaccines are discussed, including the production and purification of DNA products such as plasmid DNA, minicircle DNA, minimalistic, immunologically defined gene expression (MIDGE) and Doggybone™. The use of adjuvants to enhance the immunogenicity of DNA vaccines is then discussed. In addition, different delivery routes and several physical and chemical methods to increase the efficacy of DNA delivery into cells are explained. Recent preclinical and clinical trials of DNA vaccines for COVID-19 are then summarized. Lastly, the advantages and obstacles of DNA vaccines are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Shafaati
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Massoud Saidijam
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences & Technologies, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Meysam Soleimani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Fereshte Hazrati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Rasoul Mirzaei
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Bagher Amirheidari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Extremophile and Productive Microorganisms Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Hamid Tanzadehpanah
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences & Technologies, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Sajad Karampoor
- Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sima Kazemi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Bahram Yavari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences & Technologies, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Hanie Mahaki
- Vascular & Endovascular Surgery Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Safaei
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rahbarizadeh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pouria Samadi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences & Technologies, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Yaghoub Ahmadyousefi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences & Technologies, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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19
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Halwe S, Kupke A, Vanshylla K, Liberta F, Gruell H, Zehner M, Rohde C, Krähling V, Gellhorn Serra M, Kreer C, Klüver M, Sauerhering L, Schmidt J, Cai Z, Han F, Young D, Yang G, Widera M, Koch M, Werner A, Kämper L, Becker N, Marlow MS, Eickmann M, Ciesek S, Schiele F, Klein F, Becker S. Intranasal Administration of a Monoclonal Neutralizing Antibody Protects Mice against SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Viruses 2021; 13:v13081498. [PMID: 34452363 PMCID: PMC8402634 DOI: 10.3390/v13081498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the recent availability of vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), there is an urgent need for specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs. Monoclonal neutralizing antibodies are an important drug class in the global fight against the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic due to their ability to convey immediate protection and their potential to be used as both prophylactic and therapeutic drugs. Clinically used neutralizing antibodies against respiratory viruses are currently injected intravenously, which can lead to suboptimal pulmonary bioavailability and thus to a lower effectiveness. Here we describe DZIF-10c, a fully human monoclonal neutralizing antibody that binds the receptor-binding domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. DZIF-10c displays an exceptionally high neutralizing potency against SARS-CoV-2, retains full activity against the variant of concern (VOC) B.1.1.7 and still neutralizes the VOC B.1.351, although with reduced potency. Importantly, not only systemic but also intranasal application of DZIF-10c abolished the presence of infectious particles in the lungs of SARS-CoV-2 infected mice and mitigated lung pathology when administered prophylactically. Along with a favorable pharmacokinetic profile, these results highlight DZIF-10c as a novel human SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody with high in vitro and in vivo antiviral potency. The successful intranasal application of DZIF-10c paves the way for clinical trials investigating topical delivery of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandro Halwe
- Institute of Virology, Philipps University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 2, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (S.H.); (A.K.); (C.R.); (V.K.); (M.G.S.); (M.K.); (L.S.); (J.S.); (A.W.); (L.K.); (N.B.); (M.E.)
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Giessen-Marburg-Langen, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Kupke
- Institute of Virology, Philipps University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 2, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (S.H.); (A.K.); (C.R.); (V.K.); (M.G.S.); (M.K.); (L.S.); (J.S.); (A.W.); (L.K.); (N.B.); (M.E.)
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Giessen-Marburg-Langen, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Kanika Vanshylla
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (K.V.); (H.G.); (M.Z.); (C.K.); (F.K.)
| | - Falk Liberta
- Biotherapeutics Discovery, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorfer Strasse 65, 88397 Biberach an der Riss, Germany; (F.L.); (F.S.)
| | - Henning Gruell
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (K.V.); (H.G.); (M.Z.); (C.K.); (F.K.)
| | - Matthias Zehner
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (K.V.); (H.G.); (M.Z.); (C.K.); (F.K.)
| | - Cornelius Rohde
- Institute of Virology, Philipps University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 2, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (S.H.); (A.K.); (C.R.); (V.K.); (M.G.S.); (M.K.); (L.S.); (J.S.); (A.W.); (L.K.); (N.B.); (M.E.)
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Giessen-Marburg-Langen, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Verena Krähling
- Institute of Virology, Philipps University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 2, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (S.H.); (A.K.); (C.R.); (V.K.); (M.G.S.); (M.K.); (L.S.); (J.S.); (A.W.); (L.K.); (N.B.); (M.E.)
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Giessen-Marburg-Langen, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Michelle Gellhorn Serra
- Institute of Virology, Philipps University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 2, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (S.H.); (A.K.); (C.R.); (V.K.); (M.G.S.); (M.K.); (L.S.); (J.S.); (A.W.); (L.K.); (N.B.); (M.E.)
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Giessen-Marburg-Langen, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Kreer
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (K.V.); (H.G.); (M.Z.); (C.K.); (F.K.)
| | - Michael Klüver
- Institute of Virology, Philipps University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 2, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (S.H.); (A.K.); (C.R.); (V.K.); (M.G.S.); (M.K.); (L.S.); (J.S.); (A.W.); (L.K.); (N.B.); (M.E.)
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Giessen-Marburg-Langen, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Lucie Sauerhering
- Institute of Virology, Philipps University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 2, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (S.H.); (A.K.); (C.R.); (V.K.); (M.G.S.); (M.K.); (L.S.); (J.S.); (A.W.); (L.K.); (N.B.); (M.E.)
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Giessen-Marburg-Langen, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Jörg Schmidt
- Institute of Virology, Philipps University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 2, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (S.H.); (A.K.); (C.R.); (V.K.); (M.G.S.); (M.K.); (L.S.); (J.S.); (A.W.); (L.K.); (N.B.); (M.E.)
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Giessen-Marburg-Langen, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Zheng Cai
- Biotherapeutics Molecule Discovery, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, CT 06877, USA; (Z.C.); (F.H.); (D.Y.); (G.Y.); (M.S.M.)
| | - Fei Han
- Biotherapeutics Molecule Discovery, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, CT 06877, USA; (Z.C.); (F.H.); (D.Y.); (G.Y.); (M.S.M.)
| | - David Young
- Biotherapeutics Molecule Discovery, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, CT 06877, USA; (Z.C.); (F.H.); (D.Y.); (G.Y.); (M.S.M.)
| | - Guangwei Yang
- Biotherapeutics Molecule Discovery, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, CT 06877, USA; (Z.C.); (F.H.); (D.Y.); (G.Y.); (M.S.M.)
| | - Marek Widera
- Institute for Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (M.W.); (S.C.)
| | - Manuel Koch
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany;
- Institute for Dental Research and Oral Musculoskeletal Biology and Center for Biochemistry, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Anke Werner
- Institute of Virology, Philipps University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 2, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (S.H.); (A.K.); (C.R.); (V.K.); (M.G.S.); (M.K.); (L.S.); (J.S.); (A.W.); (L.K.); (N.B.); (M.E.)
| | - Lennart Kämper
- Institute of Virology, Philipps University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 2, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (S.H.); (A.K.); (C.R.); (V.K.); (M.G.S.); (M.K.); (L.S.); (J.S.); (A.W.); (L.K.); (N.B.); (M.E.)
| | - Nico Becker
- Institute of Virology, Philipps University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 2, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (S.H.); (A.K.); (C.R.); (V.K.); (M.G.S.); (M.K.); (L.S.); (J.S.); (A.W.); (L.K.); (N.B.); (M.E.)
| | - Michael S. Marlow
- Biotherapeutics Molecule Discovery, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, CT 06877, USA; (Z.C.); (F.H.); (D.Y.); (G.Y.); (M.S.M.)
| | - Markus Eickmann
- Institute of Virology, Philipps University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 2, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (S.H.); (A.K.); (C.R.); (V.K.); (M.G.S.); (M.K.); (L.S.); (J.S.); (A.W.); (L.K.); (N.B.); (M.E.)
| | - Sandra Ciesek
- Institute for Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (M.W.); (S.C.)
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Frankfurt am Main, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Branch Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Felix Schiele
- Biotherapeutics Discovery, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorfer Strasse 65, 88397 Biberach an der Riss, Germany; (F.L.); (F.S.)
| | - Florian Klein
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (K.V.); (H.G.); (M.Z.); (C.K.); (F.K.)
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany;
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Stephan Becker
- Institute of Virology, Philipps University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 2, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (S.H.); (A.K.); (C.R.); (V.K.); (M.G.S.); (M.K.); (L.S.); (J.S.); (A.W.); (L.K.); (N.B.); (M.E.)
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Giessen-Marburg-Langen, 35043 Marburg, Germany
- Correspondence:
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20
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Kallon S, Samir S, Goonetilleke N. Vaccines: Underlying Principles of Design and Testing. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2021; 109:987-999. [PMID: 33705574 PMCID: PMC8048882 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.2207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we review the key elements that should be considered to take a novel vaccine from the laboratory through to licensure in the modern era. This paper is divided into four sections. First, we discuss the host immune responses that we engage with vaccines. Second, we discuss how in vivo and in vitro studies can inform vaccine design. Third, we discuss different vaccine modalities that have been licensed or are in testing in humans. Last, we overview the basic principles of vaccine approvals. Throughout we provide real-world examples of vaccine development against infectious diseases, including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sallay Kallon
- Department of Microbiology & ImmunologyUNC‐Chapel Hill School of MedicineChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Shahryar Samir
- Department of Microbiology & ImmunologyUNC‐Chapel Hill School of MedicineChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Nilu Goonetilleke
- Department of Microbiology & ImmunologyUNC‐Chapel Hill School of MedicineChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
- UNC HIV Cure CenterUNC‐Chapel Hill School of MedicineChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
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