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Hu B, Wang C, Wu Y, Han C, Liu J, Chen R, Wang T. Revealing the mechanism of ethyl acetate extracts of Semen Impatientis against prostate cancer based on network pharmacology and transcriptomics. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 330:118228. [PMID: 38643863 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common malignancy of the male genitourinary system and currently lacks effective treatment. Semen Impatientis, the dried ripe seed of Impatiens balsamina L., is described by the Chinese Pharmacopoeia as a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and is used in clinical practice to treat tumors, abdominal masses, etc. In our previous study, the ethyl acetate extracts of Semen Impatientis (EAESI) was demonstrated to be the most effective extract against PCa among various extracts. However, the biological effects of EAESI against PCa in vivo and the specific antitumor mechanisms involved remain unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY In this study, we aimed to investigate the antitumor effect of EAESI on PCa in vitro and in vivo by performing network pharmacology analysis, transcriptomic analysis, and experiments to explore and verify the underlying mechanisms involved. MATERIALS AND METHODS The antitumor effect of EAESI on PCa in vitro and in vivo was investigated via CCK-8, EdU, flow cytometry, and wound healing assays and xenograft tumor models. Network pharmacology analysis and transcriptomic analysis were employed to explore the underlying mechanism of EAESI against PCa. Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) and androgen receptor (AR) were confirmed to be the targets of EAESI against PCa by RT‒qPCR, western blotting, and rescue assays. In addition, the interaction between ATF3 and AR was assessed by coimmunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, and nuclear-cytoplasmic separation assays. RESULTS EAESI decreased cell viability, inhibited cell proliferation and migration, and induced apoptosis in AR+ and AR- PCa cells. Moreover, EAESI suppressed the growth of xenograft tumors in vivo. Network pharmacology analysis revealed that the hub targets of EAESI against PCa included AR, AKT1, TP53, and CCND1. Transcriptomic analysis indicated that activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) was the most likely critical target of EAESI. EAESI downregulated AR expression and decreased the transcriptional activity of AR through ATF3 in AR+ PCa cells; and EAESI promoted the expression of ATF3 and exerted its antitumor effect via ATF3 in AR+ and AR- PCa cells. CONCLUSIONS EAESI exerts good antitumor effects on PCa both in vitro and in vivo, and ATF3 and AR are the critical targets through which EAESI exerts antitumor effects on AR+ and AR- PCa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bintao Hu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China; Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Chengwei Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China; Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China; Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Chenglin Han
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China; Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jihong Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China; Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ruibao Chen
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China; Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China; Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Wu DK, Huang RC, Tang YM, Jiang X. A mechanistic study of Anwei decoction intervention in a rat model of gastric intestinal metaplasia through the endoplasmic reticulum stress - Autophagy pathway. Tissue Cell 2024; 87:102317. [PMID: 38330771 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the mechanism of Anwei decoction (AWD) intervention on gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM) using a rat model through the endoplasmic reticulum stress-autophagy pathway. METHODS Gastric intestinal metaplasia was induced in rats using 1-methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine. The experiment included a normal control group, a model group, and low-, medium- and high-dose AWD groups. The specificity of intestinal epithelial cells was determined for model establishment and drug efficacy by detecting the protein expression of markers such as MUC2, VILLIN and CDX2 through western blotting (WB). The effects of AWD on endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy were evaluated by measuring the mRNA and protein expression levels of endoplasmic reticulum stress markers (PEPK, ATF6, CHOP and caspase-12) and autophagy markers (LC3Ⅱ and Beclin-1) using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and the WB method. Furthermore, the ultrastructure of gastric mucosal cells and autophagosome status were observed using transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS Compared with the model group, the AWD-treated rats exhibited significant improvement in body weight (P < 0.01), reduced protein expression of the intestine epithelial cell-specific markers MUC2, VILLIN, CDX2 and KLF4 (P < 0.01 for all) and increased SOX2 protein expression (P < 0.01). In addition, AWD suppressed the mRNA and protein expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress markers PEPK and ATF6 (P < 0.01 for all) and promoted the mRNA and protein expression of autophagy and apoptosis markers CHOP, caspase-12, LC3Ⅱ and Beclin-1 (P < 0.01 for all). CONCLUSION Anwei decoction effectively inhibits the further progression of GIM and prevents the occurrence of gastric mucosal carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Kun Wu
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530001, Guangxi, China; Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, Guangxi, China
| | - Rui-Cheng Huang
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530001, Guangxi, China
| | - You-Ming Tang
- Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, Guangxi, China.
| | - Xian Jiang
- Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, Guangxi, China
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Dakir EH, Gajate C, Mollinedo F. Antitumor activity of alkylphospholipid edelfosine in prostate cancer models and endoplasmic reticulum targeting. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115436. [PMID: 37683591 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the second most frequent cancer and the fifth leading cause of cancer death among men worldwide. While the five-year survival in local and regional prostate cancer is higher than 99%, it falls to about 28% in advanced metastatic prostate cancer. The ether lipid edelfosine is considered the prototype of a family of promising antitumor drugs collectively named as alkylphospholipid analogs. Here, we found that edelfosine was the most potent alkylphospholipid analog in inducing apoptosis in three different human prostate cancer cell lines (LNCaP, PC3, and DU145) with distinct androgen dependency, and differing in tumor suppressor phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and p53 status. Edelfosine accumulated in the endoplasmic reticulum of prostate cancer cells, leading to endoplasmic reticulum stress and cell death in the three prostate cancer cells. Inhibition of autophagy potentiated the pro-apoptotic activity of edelfosine in LNCaP and PC3 cells, where autophagy was induced as a survival response. Edelfosine induced a slight and transient inhibition of AKT in PTEN-negative LNCaP and PC3 cells, but not in PTEN-positive DU145 cells. Daily oral administration of edelfosine in murine prostate restricted AKT kinase transgenic mice, expressing active AKT in a prostate-specific manner, and in a DU145 xenograft mouse model resulted in significant tumor regression and apoptosis in tumor cells. Taken together, these results show a significant in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity of edelfosine against prostate cancer, and highlight the endoplasmic reticulum as a novel and promising therapeutic target in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- El-Habib Dakir
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain; Faculty of Biology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia.
| | - Consuelo Gajate
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain; Laboratory of Cell Death and Cancer Therapy, Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas - Margarita Salas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Faustino Mollinedo
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain; Laboratory of Cell Death and Cancer Therapy, Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas - Margarita Salas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
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Meszaros A, Ahmed J, Russo G, Tompa P, Lazar T. The evolution and polymorphism of mono-amino acid repeats in androgen receptor and their regulatory role in health and disease. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:1019803. [PMID: 36388907 PMCID: PMC9642029 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1019803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Androgen receptor (AR) is a key member of nuclear hormone receptors with the longest intrinsically disordered N-terminal domain (NTD) in its protein family. There are four mono-amino acid repeats (polyQ1, polyQ2, polyG, and polyP) located within its NTD, of which two are polymorphic (polyQ1 and polyG). The length of both polymorphic repeats shows clinically important correlations with disease, especially with cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, as shorter and longer alleles exhibit significant differences in expression, activity and solubility. Importantly, AR has also been shown to undergo condensation in the nucleus by liquid-liquid phase separation, a process highly sensitive to protein solubility and concentration. Nonetheless, in prostate cancer cells, AR variants also partition into transcriptional condensates, which have been shown to alter the expression of target gene products. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on the link between AR repeat polymorphisms and cancer types, including mechanistic explanations and models comprising the relationship between condensate formation, polyQ1 length and transcriptional activity. Moreover, we outline the evolutionary paths of these recently evolved amino acid repeats across mammalian species, and discuss new research directions with potential breakthroughs and controversies in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attila Meszaros
- VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), Brussels, Belgium
- Structural Biology Brussels (SBB), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Junaid Ahmed
- VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), Brussels, Belgium
- Structural Biology Brussels (SBB), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Giorgio Russo
- VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), Brussels, Belgium
- Structural Biology Brussels (SBB), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Peter Tompa
- VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), Brussels, Belgium
- Structural Biology Brussels (SBB), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences (RCNS), ELKH, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamas Lazar
- VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), Brussels, Belgium
- Structural Biology Brussels (SBB), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
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Šimečková P, Pěnčíková K, Kováč O, Slavík J, Pařenicová M, Vondráček J, Machala M. In vitro profiling of toxic effects of environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on nuclear receptor signaling, disruption of endogenous metabolism and induction of cellular stress. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 815:151967. [PMID: 34843781 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) may interact with multiple intracellular receptors and related signaling pathways. We comprehensively evaluated the toxicity profiles of six environmentally relevant PAHs differing in structure, genotoxicity and their ability to activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). We focused particularly on their impact on intracellular hormone-, xenobiotic- and lipid-sensing receptors, as well as on cellular stress markers, combining a battery of human reporter gene assays and qRT-PCR evaluation of endogenous gene expression in human hepatocyte-like HepaRG cells, with LC/MS-MS analysis of cellular sphingolipids. The effects of PAHs included: activation of estrogen receptor α (in case of fluoranthene (Fla), pyrene (Pyr), benz[a]anthracene (BaA), benzo[a]pyrene (BaP)), suppression of androgen receptor activity (Fla, BaA, BaP and benzo[k]fluoranthene (BkF)), enhancement of dexamethasone-induced glucocorticoid receptor activity (chrysene (Chry), BaA, and BaP), and potentiation of triiodothyronine-induced thyroid receptor α activity (all tested PAHs). PAHs also induced transcription of endogenous gene targets of constitutive androstane receptor (Fla, Pyr), or repression of target genes of pregnane X receptor and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (in case of the AhR-activating PAHs - Chry, BaA, BaP, and BkF) in HepaRG cells. In the same cell model, the AhR agonists reduced the expression of glucose metabolism genes (PCK1, G6PC and PDK4), and they up-regulated levels of glucosylceramides, together with a concomitant induction of expression of UGCG, glucosylceramide synthesis enzyme. Finally, both BaP and BkF were found to induce expression of early stress and genotoxicity markers: ATF3, EGR1, GDF15, CDKN1A/p21, and GADD45A mRNAs, while BaP alone increased levels of IL-6 mRNA. Overall, whereas low-molecular-weight PAHs exerted significant effects on nuclear receptors (with CYP2B6 induction observed already at nanomolar concentrations), the AhR activation by 4-ring and 5-ring PAHs appeared to be a key mechanism underlying their impact on nuclear receptor signaling, endogenous metabolism and induction of early stress and genotoxicity markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavlína Šimečková
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Pěnčíková
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Kováč
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Slavík
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Pařenicová
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Vondráček
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Machala
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic.
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Li X, Gracilla D, Cai L, Zhang M, Yu X, Chen X, Zhang J, Long X, Ding HF, Yan C. ATF3 promotes the serine synthesis pathway and tumor growth under dietary serine restriction. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109706. [PMID: 34551291 PMCID: PMC8491098 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The serine synthesis pathway (SSP) involving metabolic enzymes phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH), phosphoserine aminotransferase 1 (PSAT1), and phosphoserine phosphatase (PSPH) drives intracellular serine biosynthesis and is indispensable for cancer cells to grow in serine-limiting environments. However, how SSP is regulated is not well understood. Here, we report that activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) is crucial for transcriptional activation of SSP upon serine deprivation. ATF3 is rapidly induced by serine deprivation via a mechanism dependent on ATF4, which in turn binds to ATF4 and increases the stability of this master regulator of SSP. ATF3 also binds to the enhancers/promoters of PHGDH, PSAT1, and PSPH and recruits p300 to promote expression of these SSP genes. As a result, loss of ATF3 expression impairs serine biosynthesis and the growth of cancer cells in the serine-deprived medium or in mice fed with a serine/glycine-free diet. Interestingly, ATF3 expression positively correlates with PHGDH expression in a subset of TCGA cancer samples. Activation of the serine synthesis pathway is important for cancer cell growth, but how this pathway is regulated is not well understood. Li et al. report that ATF3 is an important regulator of this pathway and can promote serine biosynthesis and tumor growth under serine-limiting conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyao Li
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Daniel Gracilla
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Lun Cai
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Mingyi Zhang
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiaolin Yu
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Xiaoguang Chen
- Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Junran Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ohio State University James Comprehensive Cancer Center and College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Xiaochun Long
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Han-Fei Ding
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Chunhong Yan
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
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Omega-3 Fatty Acids DHA and EPA Reduce Bortezomib Resistance in Multiple Myeloma Cells by Promoting Glutathione Degradation. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092287. [PMID: 34571936 PMCID: PMC8465636 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy that exhibits aberrantly high levels of proteasome activity. While treatment with the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib substantially increases overall survival of MM patients, acquired drug resistance remains the main challenge for MM treatment. Using a combination treatment of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) or eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and bortezomib, it was demonstrated previously that pretreatment with DHA/EPA significantly increased bortezomib chemosensitivity in MM cells. In the current study, both transcriptome and metabolome analysis were performed to comprehensively evaluate the underlying mechanism. It was demonstrated that pretreating MM cells with DHA/EPA before bortezomib potently decreased the cellular glutathione (GSH) level and altered the expression of the related metabolites and key enzymes in GSH metabolism, whereas simultaneous treatment only showed minor effects on these factors, thereby suggesting the critical role of GSH degradation in overcoming bortezomib resistance in MM cells. Moreover, RNA-seq results revealed that the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2)-activating transcription factor 3/4 (ATF3/4)-ChaC glutathione specific gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase 1 (CHAC1) signaling pathway may be implicated as the central player in the GSH degradation. Pathways of necroptosis, ferroptosis, p53, NRF2, ATF4, WNT, MAPK, NF-κB, EGFR, and ERK may be connected to the tumor suppressive effect caused by pretreatment of DHA/EPA prior to bortezomib. Collectively, this work implicates GSH degradation as a potential therapeutic target in MM and provides novel mechanistic insights into its significant role in combating bortezomib resistance.
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Wang Z, Liu Y, Liu J, Kong N, Jiang Y, Jiang R, Zhen X, Zhou J, Li C, Sun H, Yan G. ATF3 deficiency impairs the proliferative-secretory phase transition and decidualization in RIF patients. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:387. [PMID: 33846304 PMCID: PMC8041902 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03679-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Decidualization is a complex process involving cellular proliferation and differentiation of the endometrial stroma and is required to establish and support pregnancy. Dysregulated decidualization has been reported to be a critical cause of recurrent implantation failure (RIF). In this study, we found that Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) expression was significantly downregulated in the endometrium of RIF patients. Knockdown of ATF3 in human endometrium stromal cells (hESCs) hampers decidualization, while overexpression could trigger the expression of decidual marker genes, and ameliorate the decidualization of hESCs from RIF patients. Mechanistically, ATF3 promotes decidualization by upregulating FOXO1 via suppressing miR-135b expression. In addition, the endometrium of RIF patients was hyperproliferative, while overexpression of ATF3 inhibited the proliferation of hESCs through CDKN1A. These data demonstrate the critical roles of endometrial ATF3 in regulating decidualization and proliferation, and dysregulation of ATF3 in the endometrium may be a novel cause of RIF and therefore represent a potential therapeutic target for RIF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilong Wang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 210008, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 210008, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyu Liu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 210008, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Kong
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 210008, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Jiang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 210008, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiwei Jiang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 210008, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhen
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 210008, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jidong Zhou
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 210008, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaojun Li
- Nanjing University Medical School, 210008, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Haixiang Sun
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 210008, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guijun Yan
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 210008, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
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André S, Pinto AE, Silva GL, Silva F, Serpa J, Félix A. Male Breast Cancer-Immunohistochemical Patterns and Clinical Relevance of FASN, ATF3, and Collagen IV. BREAST CANCER-BASIC AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2021; 15:11782234211002496. [PMID: 33888988 PMCID: PMC8040573 DOI: 10.1177/11782234211002496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Male breast carcinoma (male BC) is an uncommon neoplasia without individualized strategies for diagnosis and therapeutics. Low overall survival (OS) rates have been reported, mostly associated with patients' advanced stage and older age. Intratumoral heterogeneity versus homogeneity of malignant epithelial cells seems to be an important factor to consider for the development of combination therapies with curative intention. Objective In this preliminary study, we aim to provide valuable insight into the distinct clinicopathologic features of male BC. Material and methods In a series of 40 male BC patients, we evaluated by immunohistochemistry androgen receptor; activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3); p16; cyclin D1; fatty acid synthase (FASN); fatty acid transport protein 1 (FATP1); β1, β3, β4, and β6 integrins; collagen I and collagen IV; and their interactions. Kaplan-Meier survival curves and log-rank tests were assessed for statistical analysis. Results Homogeneous epithelial staining of p16, ATF3, β6 integrin, FASN, and FATP1 was found to be significantly intercorrelated, and associated with high Ki67. These markers also stained tumor stromal fibroblasts. The prognostic analysis showed statistically significant associations of FASN with disease-free survival (DFS) and OS, as well as of ATF3 with OS and collagen IV with DFS. Conclusions This study highlights, as a novel finding, the relevance of FASN, ATF3, and collagen IV immunophenotypes, which may have innovative application in the clinical management of male BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saudade André
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - António E Pinto
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Giovani L Silva
- Department of Mathematics of Higher Technical Institute (Instituto Superior Técnico), Faculty of Sciences (Faculdade de Ciências), University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.,Statistics and Applications Center of University of Lisbon (CEAUL), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Silva
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, NOVA University, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Jacinta Serpa
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, NOVA University, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Félix
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.,CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, NOVA University, Lisbon, Portugal
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Chang CH, Chang YS, Hsieh YL. Transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 depletion mediates mechanical allodynia through cellular signal alterations in small-fiber neuropathy. Pain Rep 2021; 6:e922. [PMID: 34585035 PMCID: PMC8462592 DOI: 10.1097/pr9.0000000000000922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 (TRPV1) is a polymodal nociceptor that monitors noxious thermal sensations. Few studies have addressed the role of TRPV1 in mechanical allodynia in small-fiber neuropathy (SFN) caused by sensory nerve damage. Accordingly, this article reviews the putative mechanisms of TRPV1 depletion that mediates mechanical allodynia in SFN. The intraepidermal nerve fibers (IENFs) degeneration and sensory neuronal injury are the primary characteristics of SFN. Intraepidermal nerve fibers are mainly C-polymodal nociceptors and Aδ-fibers, which mediated allodynic pain after neuronal sensitization. TRPV1 depletion by highly potent neurotoxins induces the upregulation of activating transcription factor 3 and IENFs degeneration which mimics SFN. TRPV1 is predominately expressed by the peptidergic than nonpeptidergic nociceptors, and these neurochemical discrepancies provided the basis of the distinct pathways of thermal analgesia and mechanical allodynia. The depletion of peptidergic nociceptors and their IENFs cause thermal analgesia and sensitized nonpeptidergic nociceptors respond to mechanical allodynia. These distinct pathways of noxious stimuli suggested determined by the neurochemical-dependent neurotrophin cognate receptors such as TrkA and Ret receptors. The neurogenic inflammation after TRPV1 depletion also sensitized Ret receptors which results in mechanical allodynia. The activation of spinal TRPV1(+) neurons may contribute to mechanical allodynia. Also, an imbalance in adenosinergic analgesic signaling in sensory neurons such as the downregulation of prostatic acid phosphatase and adenosine A1 receptors, which colocalized with TRPV1 as a membrane microdomain also correlated with the development of mechanical allodynia. Collectively, TRPV1 depletion-induced mechanical allodynia involves a complicated cascade of cellular signaling alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Hong Chang
- Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Shuang Chang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lin Hsieh
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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11
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Jin J, Xue N, Liu Y, Fu R, Wang M, Ji M, Lai F, Hu J, Wang X, Xiao Q, Zhang X, Yin D, Bai L, Chen X, Rao S. A novel S1P1 modulator IMMH002 ameliorates psoriasis in multiple animal models. Acta Pharm Sin B 2020; 10:276-288. [PMID: 32082973 PMCID: PMC7016294 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2019.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is characterized by abnormal proliferation of keratinocytes, as well as infiltration of immune cells into the dermis and epidermis, causing itchy, scaly and erythematous plaques of skin. The understanding of this chronic inflammatory skin disease remains unclear and all available treatments have their limitations currently. Here, we showed that IMMH002, a novel orally active S1P1 modulator, desensitized peripheral pathogenic lymphocytes to egress signal from secondary lymphoid organs and thymus. Using different psoriasis animal models, we demonstrated that IMMH002 could significantly relieve skin damage as revealed by PASI score and pathological injure evaluation. Mechanistically, IMMH002 regulated CD3+ T lymphocytes re-distribution by inducing lymphocytes’ homing, thus decreased T lymphocytes allocation in the peripheral blood and skin but increased in the thymus. Our results suggest that the novel S1P1 agonist, IMMH002, exert extraordinary capacity to rapidly modulate T lymphocytes distribution, representing a promising drug candidate for psoriasis treatment.
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12
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Ku HC, Cheng CF. Master Regulator Activating Transcription Factor 3 (ATF3) in Metabolic Homeostasis and Cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:556. [PMID: 32922364 PMCID: PMC7457002 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) is a stress-induced transcription factor that plays vital roles in modulating metabolism, immunity, and oncogenesis. ATF3 acts as a hub of the cellular adaptive-response network. Multiple extracellular signals, such as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, cytokines, chemokines, and LPS, are connected to ATF3 induction. The function of ATF3 as a regulator of metabolism and immunity has recently sparked intense attention. In this review, we describe how ATF3 can act as both a transcriptional activator and a repressor. We then focus on the role of ATF3 and ATF3-regulated signals in modulating metabolism, immunity, and oncogenesis. The roles of ATF3 in glucose metabolism and adipose tissue regulation are also explored. Next, we summarize how ATF3 regulates immunity and maintains normal host defense. In addition, we elaborate on the roles of ATF3 as a regulator of prostate, breast, colon, lung, and liver cancers. Further understanding of how ATF3 regulates signaling pathways involved in glucose metabolism, adipocyte metabolism, immuno-responsiveness, and oncogenesis in various cancers, including prostate, breast, colon, lung, and liver cancers, is then provided. Finally, we demonstrate that ATF3 acts as a master regulator of metabolic homeostasis and, therefore, may be an appealing target for the treatment of metabolic dyshomeostasis, immune disorders, and various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Chen Ku
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Feng Cheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Ching-Feng Cheng
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13
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Botanical Formulation HX109 Ameliorates TP-Induced Benign Prostate Hyperplasia in Rat Model and Inhibits Androgen Receptor Signaling by Upregulating Ca 2+/CaMKKβ and ATF3 in LNCaP Cells. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10121946. [PMID: 30544543 PMCID: PMC6316726 DOI: 10.3390/nu10121946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common disease in the elderly male population throughout the world. Among other factors, androgen dysregulation has been known to play major roles in its pathogenesis. HX109 is a botanical formulation prepared from a mixture of Taraxacum officinale, Cuscuta australis, and Nelumbo nucifera, which have traditionally been used—usually along with other plants—to treat urinary diseases. An ethanol extract was prepared from a mixture of these three plants, and its quality was controlled through cell-based bioassays and by quantification of several marker compounds by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In the testosterone propionate (TP)-induced prostate hyperplasia rat model, oral administration of HX109 ameliorated prostate enlargement and histological changes induced by TP. In LNCaP cells, a human prostate epithelial cell line, HX109 repressed AR-mediated cell proliferation and the induction of androgen receptor (AR) target genes at the transcriptional level without affecting the translocation or expression of AR. Such effects of HX109 on AR signaling were mediated through the control of activating transcriptional factor 3 (ATF3) expression, phosphorylation of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase β (CaMKKβ), and increases in intracellular calcium, as evidenced by data from experiments involving ATF3-specific siRNA, CaMKKβ inhibitor, and calcium chelator, respectively. Taken together, our data suggest that HX109 might be used as a starting point for developing therapeutic agents for the treatment of BPH.
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14
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Kim SW, Suh HW, Yoo BK, Kwon K, Yu K, Choi JY, Kwon OY. Larval hemolymph of rhinoceros beetle, Allomyrina dichotoma, enhances insulin secretion through ATF3 gene expression in INS-1 pancreatic β-cells. Z NATURFORSCH C 2018; 73:391-396. [PMID: 29787378 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2018-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
In this study, we show that INS-1 pancreatic β-cells treated for 2 h with hemolymph of larvae of rhinoceros beetle, Allomyrina dichotoma, secreted about twice as much insulin compared to control cells without such treatment. Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) was the highest upregulated gene in DNA chip analysis. The A. dichotoma hemolymph dose-dependently induced increased expression levels of genes encoding ATF3 and insulin. Conversely, treatment with ATF3 siRNA inhibited expression levels of both genes and curbed insulin secretion. These results suggest that the A. dichotoma hemolymph has potential for treating and preventing diabetes or diabetes-related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Whan Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Hyun-Woo Suh
- Departments of Medical Science and Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Bo-Kyung Yoo
- Departments of Medical Science and Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Kisang Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health and Welfare, Kyungwoon University, Gumi 39160, Korea
| | - Kweon Yu
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Ji-Young Choi
- Applied Entomology Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - O-Yu Kwon
- Departments of Medical Science and Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
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15
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Regulation of masculinization: androgen signalling for external genitalia development. Nat Rev Urol 2018; 15:358-368. [DOI: 10.1038/s41585-018-0008-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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16
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Lev A, Lulla AR, Ross BC, Ralff MD, Makhov PB, Dicker DT, El-Deiry WS. ONC201 Targets AR and AR-V7 Signaling, Reduces PSA, and Synergizes with Everolimus in Prostate Cancer. Mol Cancer Res 2018; 16:754-766. [PMID: 29588330 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-17-0614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Androgen receptor (AR) signaling plays a key role in prostate cancer progression, and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is a mainstay clinical treatment regimen for patients with advanced disease. Unfortunately, most prostate cancers eventually become androgen-independent and resistant to ADT with patients progressing to metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Constitutively activated AR variants (AR-V) have emerged as mediators of resistance to AR-targeted therapy and the progression of mCRPC, and they represent an important therapeutic target. Out of at least 15 AR-Vs described thus far, AR-V7 is the most abundant, and its expression correlates with ADT resistance. ONC201/TIC10 is the founding member of the imipridone class of small molecules and has shown anticancer activity in a broad range of tumor types. ONC201 is currently being tested in phase I/II clinical trials for advanced solid tumors, including mCRPC, and hematologic malignancies. There has been promising activity observed in patients in early clinical testing. This study demonstrates preclinical single-agent efficacy of ONC201 using in vitro and in vivo models of prostate cancer. ONC201 has potent antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects in both castration-resistant and -sensitive prostate cancer cells. Furthermore, the data demonstrate that ONC201 downregulates the expression of key drivers of prostate cancer such as AR-V7 and downstream target genes including the clinically used biomarker PSA (KLK3). Finally, the data also provide a preclinical rationale for combination of ONC201 with approved therapeutics for prostate cancer such as enzalutamide, everolimus (mTOR inhibitor), or docetaxel.Implications: The preclinical efficacy of ONC201 as a single agent or in combination, in hormone-sensitive or castration-resistant prostate cancer, suggests the potential for immediate clinical translation. Mol Cancer Res; 16(5); 754-66. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avital Lev
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Molecular Therapeutics Program, Department of Hematology/Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Amriti R Lulla
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Molecular Therapeutics Program, Department of Hematology/Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Brian C Ross
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Molecular Therapeutics Program, Department of Hematology/Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Marie D Ralff
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Molecular Therapeutics Program, Department of Hematology/Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Petr B Makhov
- Department of Urologic Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - David T Dicker
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Molecular Therapeutics Program, Department of Hematology/Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Wafik S El-Deiry
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Molecular Therapeutics Program, Department of Hematology/Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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17
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Abstract
Numerous environmental, physiological, and pathological insults disrupt protein-folding homeostasis in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), referred to as ER stress. Eukaryotic cells evolved a set of intracellular signaling pathways, collectively termed the unfolded protein response (UPR), to maintain a productive ER protein-folding environment through reprogramming gene transcription and mRNA translation. The UPR is largely dependent on transcription factors (TFs) that modulate expression of genes involved in many physiological and pathological conditions, including development, metabolism, inflammation, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. Here we summarize the current knowledge about these mechanisms, their impact on physiological/pathological processes, and potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeseok Han
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-Bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Choongchungnam-do 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Randal J Kaufman
- Degenerative Diseases Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California, 92307 USA
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18
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Yu W, Li C, Zhang W, Xia Y, Li S, Lin JY, Yu K, Liu M, Yang L, Luo J, Chen Y, Sun H, Kong L. Discovery of an Orally Selective Inhibitor of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 Using Advanced Multiple Ligand Simultaneous Docking. J Med Chem 2017; 60:2718-2731. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Chenglong Li
- Division
of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | | | | | | | - Jia-yuh Lin
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Keqin Yu
- Water Supply
and Drainage, Nanchang Hangkong University, 696 Fenghe Avenue South, Nanchang 330046, China
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19
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Zhao J, Li X, Guo M, Yu J, Yan C. The common stress responsive transcription factor ATF3 binds genomic sites enriched with p300 and H3K27ac for transcriptional regulation. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:335. [PMID: 27146783 PMCID: PMC4857411 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-2664-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dysregulation of the common stress responsive transcription factor ATF3 has been causally linked to many important human diseases such as cancer, atherosclerosis, infections, and hypospadias. Although it is believed that the ATF3 transcription activity is central to its cellular functions, how ATF3 regulates gene expression remains largely unknown. Here, we employed ATF3 wild-type and knockout isogenic cell lines to carry out the first comprehensive analysis of global ATF3-binding profiles in the human genome under basal and stressed (DNA damage) conditions. Results Although expressed at a low basal level, ATF3 was found to bind a large number of genomic sites that are often associated with genes involved in cellular stress responses. Interestingly, ATF3 appears to bind a large portion of genomic sites distal to transcription start sites and enriched with p300 and H3K27ac. Global gene expression profiling analysis indicates that genes proximal to these genomic sites were often regulated by ATF3. While DNA damage elicited by camptothecin dramatically altered the ATF3 binding profile, most of the genes regulated by ATF3 upon DNA damage were pre-bound by ATF3 before the stress. Moreover, we demonstrated that ATF3 was co-localized with the major stress responder p53 at genomic sites, thereby collaborating with p53 to regulate p53 target gene expression upon DNA damage. Conclusions These results suggest that ATF3 likely bookmarks genomic sites and interacts with other transcription regulators to control gene expression. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-2664-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Zhao
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Xingyao Li
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Mingxiong Guo
- Center for Cell Biology and Cancer Research, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Jindan Yu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Chunhong Yan
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA. .,Center for Cell Biology and Cancer Research, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA.
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20
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Cui H, Li X, Han C, Wang QE, Wang H, Ding HF, Zhang J, Yan C. The Stress-responsive Gene ATF3 Mediates Dichotomous UV Responses by Regulating the Tip60 and p53 Proteins. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:10847-57. [PMID: 26994140 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.713099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The response to UV irradiation is important for a cell to maintain its genetic integrity when challenged by environmental genotoxins. An immediate early response to UV irradiation is the rapid induction of activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) expression. Although emerging evidence has linked ATF3 to stress pathways regulated by the tumor suppressor p53 and the histone acetyltransferase Tip60, the role of ATF3 in the UV response remains largely unclear. Here, we report that ATF3 mediated dichotomous UV responses. Although UV irradiation enhanced the binding of ATF3 to Tip60, knockdown of ATF3 expression decreased Tip60 stability, thereby impairing Tip60 induction by UV irradiation. In line with the role of Tip60 in mediating UV-induced apoptosis, ATF3 promoted the death of p53-defective cells in response to UV irradiation. However, ATF3 could also activate p53 and promote p53-mediated DNA repair, mainly through altering histone modifications that could facilitate recruitment of DNA repair proteins (such as DDB2) to damaged DNA sites. As a result, ATF3 rather protected the p53 wild-type cells from UV-induced apoptosis. Our results thus indicate that ATF3 regulates cell fates upon UV irradiation in a p53-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chunhua Han
- the Department of Radiology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Qi-En Wang
- the Department of Radiology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Hongbo Wang
- the Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China, and
| | - Han-Fei Ding
- From the Georgia Cancer Center and Departments of Pathology and
| | - Junran Zhang
- the Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| | - Chunhong Yan
- From the Georgia Cancer Center and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30912,
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21
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Udayakumar TS, Stoyanova R, Shareef MM, Mu Z, Philip S, Burnstein KL, Pollack A. Edelfosine Promotes Apoptosis in Androgen-Deprived Prostate Tumors by Increasing ATF3 and Inhibiting Androgen Receptor Activity. Mol Cancer Ther 2016; 15:1353-63. [PMID: 26944919 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-15-0332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Edelfosine is a synthetic alkyl-lysophospholipid that possesses significant antitumor activity in several human tumor models. Here, we investigated the effects of edelfosine combined with androgen deprivation (AD) in LNCaP and VCaP human prostate cancer cells. This treatment regimen greatly decreased cell proliferation compared with single agent or AD alone, resulting in higher levels of apoptosis in LNCaP compared with VCaP cells. Edelfosine caused a dose-dependent decrease in AKT activity, but did not affect the expression of total AKT in either cell line. Furthermore, edelfosine treatment inhibited the expression of androgen receptor (AR) and was associated with an increase in activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) expression levels, a stress response gene and a negative regulator of AR transactivation. ATF3 binds to AR after edelfosine + AD and represses the transcriptional activation of AR as demonstrated by PSA promoter studies. Knockdown of ATF3 using siRNA-ATF3 reversed the inhibition of PSA promoter activity, suggesting that the growth inhibition effect of edelfosine was ATF3 dependent. Moreover, expression of AR variant 7 (ARv7) and TMPRSS2-ERG fusion gene were greatly inhibited after combined treatment with AD and edelfosine in VCaP cells. In vivo experiments using an orthotopic LNCaP model confirmed the antitumor effects of edelfosine + AD over the individual treatments. A significant decrease in tumor volume and PSA levels was observed when edelfosine and AD were combined, compared with edelfosine alone. Edelfosine shows promise in combination with AD for the treatment of prostate cancer patients. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(6); 1353-63. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thirupandiyur S Udayakumar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Radka Stoyanova
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Mohammed M Shareef
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Zhaomei Mu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sakhi Philip
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Kerry L Burnstein
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Alan Pollack
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida.
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22
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Wang Z, Kim J, Teng Y, Ding HF, Zhang J, Hai T, Cowell JK, Yan C. Loss of ATF3 promotes hormone-induced prostate carcinogenesis and the emergence of CK5(+)CK8(+) epithelial cells. Oncogene 2015; 35:3555-64. [PMID: 26522727 PMCID: PMC4853303 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Revised: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Steroid sex hormones can induce prostate carcinogenesis, and are thought to contribute to the development of prostate cancer during aging. However, the mechanism for hormone-induced prostate carcinogenesis remains elusive. Here we report that activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) – a broad stress sensor – suppressed hormone-induced prostate carcinogenesis in mice. While implantation of testosterone and estradiol (T+E2) pellets for 2 months in wild-type mice rarely induced prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) in dorsal prostates (1 out of 8 mice), loss of ATF3 led to the appearance of not only PIN but also invasive lesions in almost all examined animals. The enhanced carcinogenic effects of hormones on ATF3-deficient prostates did not appear to be caused by a change in estrogen signaling, but were more likely a consequence of elevated androgen signaling that stimulated differentiation of prostatic basal cells into transformation-preferable luminal cells. Indeed, we found that hormone-induced lesions in ATF3-knockout mice often contained cells with both basal and luminal characteristics, such as p63+ cells (a basal cell marker) showing luminal-like morphology, or cells double-stained with basal (CK5+) and luminal (CK8+) markers. Consistent with these findings, low ATF3 expression was found to be a poor prognostic marker for prostate cancer in a cohort of 245 patients. Our results thus support that ATF3 is a tumor suppressor in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Wang
- GRU Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Center for Cell Biology and Cancer Research, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - J Kim
- Department of Statistics, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Y Teng
- GRU Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - H-F Ding
- GRU Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - J Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - T Hai
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - J K Cowell
- GRU Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - C Yan
- GRU Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Center for Cell Biology and Cancer Research, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
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23
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Cecchi F, Lih CJ, Lee YH, Walsh W, Rabe DC, Williams PM, Bottaro DP. Expression array analysis of the hepatocyte growth factor invasive program. Clin Exp Metastasis 2015; 32:659-76. [PMID: 26231668 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-015-9735-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Signaling by human hepatocyte growth factor (hHGF) via its cell surface receptor (MET) drives mitogenesis, motogenesis and morphogenesis in a wide spectrum of target cell types and embryologic, developmental and homeostatic contexts. Oncogenic pathway activation also contributes to tumorigenesis and cancer progression, including tumor angiogenesis and metastasis, in several prevalent malignancies. The HGF gene encodes full-length hHGF and two truncated isoforms known as NK1 and NK2. NK1 induces all three HGF activities at modestly reduced potency, whereas NK2 stimulates only motogenesis and enhances HGF-driven tumor metastasis in transgenic mice. Prior studies have shown that mouse HGF (mHGF) also binds with high affinity to human MET. Here we show that, like NK2, mHGF stimulates cell motility, invasion and spontaneous metastasis of PC3M human prostate adenocarcinoma cells in mice through human MET. To identify target genes and signaling pathways associated with motogenic and metastatic HGF signaling, i.e., the HGF invasive program, gene expression profiling was performed using PC3M cells treated with hHGF, NK2 or mHGF. Results obtained using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software showed significant overlap with networks and pathways involved in cell movement and metastasis. Interrogating The Cancer Genome Atlas project also identified a subset of 23 gene expression changes in PC3M with a strong tendency for co-occurrence in prostate cancer patients that were associated with significantly decreased disease-free survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Cecchi
- Urologic Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1501, USA
| | - Chih-Jian Lih
- Molecular Characterization and Clinical Assay Development Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc. and Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702-1201, USA
| | - Young H Lee
- Urologic Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1501, USA
| | - William Walsh
- Molecular Characterization and Clinical Assay Development Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc. and Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702-1201, USA
| | - Daniel C Rabe
- Urologic Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1501, USA
| | - Paul M Williams
- Molecular Characterization and Clinical Assay Development Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc. and Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702-1201, USA
| | - Donald P Bottaro
- Urologic Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1501, USA. .,Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bldg 10 CRC Rm 2-3952, 10 Center Drive MSC 1107, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1107, USA.
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24
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Geng YD, Zhang C, Shi YM, Xia YZ, Guo C, Yang L, Kong LY. Icariside II-induced mitochondrion and lysosome mediated apoptosis is counterbalanced by an autophagic salvage response in hepatoblastoma. Cancer Lett 2015; 366:19-31. [PMID: 26118776 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2015] [Revised: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the anti-cancer effect of Icariside II (IS), a natural plant flavonoid, against hepatoblastoma cells and the underlying mechanisms were investigated. The in vitro and in vivo studies show that IS decreased the viability of human hepatoblastoma HepG2 cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner and inhibited tumor growth in mice transplanted with H22 liver carcinomas. IS impaired mitochondria and lysosomes as evidenced by signs of induced mitochondrial and lysosomal membrane permeabilization, resulting in caspase activation and apoptosis. SQSTM1 up-regulation and autophagic flux measurements demonstrated that IS exposure also impaired autophagosome degradation which resulted in autophagosome accumulation, which plays a pro-survival role as the genetic knockdown of LC3B further sensitized the IS-treated cells. Electron microscopy images showed that autophagosome engulfs IS-impaired mitochondria and lysosomes, thus blocking cytotoxicity induced by further leakage of the hydrolases from lysosomes and pro-apoptosis members from mitochondria. In conclusion, these data suggest that IS plays multiple roles as a promising chemotherapeutic agent that induces cell apoptosis involving both mitochondrial and lysosomal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-di Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ya-Min Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuan-Zheng Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Ling-Yi Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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25
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Cui H, Guo M, Xu D, Ding ZC, Zhou G, Ding HF, Zhang J, Tang Y, Yan C. The stress-responsive gene ATF3 regulates the histone acetyltransferase Tip60. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6752. [PMID: 25865756 PMCID: PMC4407828 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tat-interactive protein 60 (Tip60) is a MYST histone acetyltransferase that catalyzes acetylation of the major DNA damage kinase ATM, thereby triggering cellular signaling required for the maintenance of genomic stability upon genotoxic insults. The Tip60 activity is modulated by posttranslational modifications that alter its stability and its interactions with substrates. Here we report that activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3), a common stress mediator and a p53 activator, is a regulator of Tip60. ATF3 directly binds Tip60 at a region adjacent to the catalytic domain to promote the protein acetyltransferase activity. Moreover, the ATF3-Tip60 interaction increases the Tip60 stability by promoting USP7-mediated deubiquitination of Tip60. Consequently, knockdown of ATF3 expression leads to decreased Tip60 expression and suppression of ATM signaling as evidenced by accumulated DNA lesions and increased cell sensitivity to irradiation. Our findings thus reveal a previously unknown function of a common stress mediator in regulating Tip60 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Cui
- 1] GRU Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, Georgia 30912, USA [2] Center for Cell Biology and Cancer Research, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, New York 12208, USA
| | - Mingxiong Guo
- Center for Cell Biology and Cancer Research, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, New York 12208, USA
| | - Dong Xu
- Center for Cell Biology and Cancer Research, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, New York 12208, USA
| | - Zhi-Chun Ding
- GRU Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, Georgia 30912, USA
| | - Gang Zhou
- 1] GRU Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, Georgia 30912, USA [2] Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, Georgia 30912, USA
| | - Han-Fei Ding
- 1] GRU Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, Georgia 30912, USA [2] Department of Pathology, Georgia Regents University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, Georgia 30912, USA
| | - Junran Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - Yi Tang
- Center for Cell Biology and Cancer Research, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, New York 12208, USA
| | - Chunhong Yan
- 1] GRU Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, Georgia 30912, USA [2] Center for Cell Biology and Cancer Research, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, New York 12208, USA [3] Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, Georgia 30912, USA
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26
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Wang Z, Yan C. Emerging roles of ATF3 in the suppression of prostate cancer. Mol Cell Oncol 2015; 3:e1010948. [PMID: 27308526 PMCID: PMC4845162 DOI: 10.1080/23723556.2015.1010948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Revised: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Stress response mediator activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) engages in diverse oncogenic pathways including the androgen receptor signaling essential for prostatic proliferation. In line with frequent downregulation of ATF3 expression in human prostate cancers, we have provided the first genetic evidence supporting the role of ATF3 as a tumor suppressor in a subset of prostate cancers with PTEN dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chunhong Yan
- GRU Cancer Center; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Medical College of Georgia; Georgia Regents University; Augusta, GA USA
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27
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Wang Z, Xu D, Ding HF, Kim J, Zhang J, Hai T, Yan C. Loss of ATF3 promotes Akt activation and prostate cancer development in a Pten knockout mouse model. Oncogene 2014; 34:4975-84. [PMID: 25531328 PMCID: PMC4476969 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Revised: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) responds to diverse cellular stresses, and regulates oncogenic activities (for example, proliferation, survival and migration) through direct transcriptional regulation or protein-protein interactions. Although aberrant ATF3 expression is frequently found in human cancers, the role of ATF3 in tumorigenesis is poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that ATF3 suppresses the development of prostate cancer induced by knockout of the tumor suppressor Pten in mouse prostates. Whereas the oncogenic stress elicited by Pten loss induced ATF3 expression in prostate epithelium, we found that ATF3 deficiency increased cell proliferation and promoted cell survival, leading to early onset of mouse prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and the progression of prostate lesions to invasive adenocarcinoma. Importantly, the loss of ATF3 promoted activation of the oncogenic AKT signaling evidenced by high levels of phosphorylated AKT and S6 proteins in ATF3-null prostate lesions. In line with these in vivo results, knockdown of ATF3 expression in human prostate cancer cells by single guided RNA-mediated targeting activated AKT and increased matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression. Our results thus link ATF3 to the AKT signaling, and suggest that ATF3 is a tumor suppressor for the major subset of prostate cancers harboring dysfunctional Pten.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Wang
- GRU Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Center for Cell Biology and Cancer Research, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - D Xu
- Center for Cell Biology and Cancer Research, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - H-F Ding
- GRU Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Department of Pathology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - J Kim
- Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - J Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - T Hai
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - C Yan
- GRU Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Center for Cell Biology and Cancer Research, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
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28
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Hao ZF, Su YM, Wang CM, Yang RY. Activating transcription factor 3 interferes with p21 activation in histone deacetylase inhibitor-induced growth inhibition of epidermoid carcinoma cells. Tumour Biol 2014; 36:1471-6. [PMID: 25371069 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2618-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity by HDAC inhibitors (HDACis) results in cancer cell growth inhibition, and HDACis have been revealed as potential anti-skin cancer agents. p21 is a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor and an essential regulator of growth inhibition. Recently, we reported that activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) could significantly promote skin cancer cell growth. This study explored the relationship between ATF3 and HDACi-induced growth inhibition of epidermoid carcinoma cells. We found that trichostatin A (TSA) treatment inhibited cell growth in A431 epidermoid carcinoma cells in a dose-dependent manner. Simultaneously, p21 and ATF3 expression levels were upregulated and downregulated upon TSA stimulation, respectively. ATF3 overexpression promoted cell growth and downregulated p21 expression. In contrast, ATF3 depletion resulted in cell growth reduction and p21 transcriptional upregulation. More importantly, ATF3 overexpression partially antagonized TSA-induced growth inhibition and p21 activation. Collectively, these data demonstrate that ATF3 acts as an essential negative regulator of TSA-induced cell growth inhibition through interfering with TSA-induced p21 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Feng Hao
- Institute of Skin Damage and Repair, General Hospital of Beijing Region of PLA, Beijing, 100700, China
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29
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Geng YD, Yang L, Zhang C, Kong LY. Blockade of epidermal growth factor receptor/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway by Icariside II results in reduced cell proliferation of osteosarcoma cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 73:7-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Revised: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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30
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Hao ZF, Ao JH, Zhang J, Su YM, Yang RY. ATF3 activates Stat3 phosphorylation through inhibition of p53 expression in skin cancer cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 14:7439-44. [PMID: 24460316 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.12.7439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM ATF3, a member of the ATF/CREB family of transcription factors, has been found to be selectively induced by calcineurin/NFAT inhibition and to enhance keratinocyte tumor formation, although the precise role of ATF3 in human skin cancer and possible mechanisms remain unknown. METHODS In this study, clinical analysis of 30 skin cancer patients and 30 normal donors revealed that ATF3 was accumulated in skin cancer tissues. Functional assays demonstrated that ATF3 significantly promoted skin cancer cell proliferation. RESULTS Mechanically, ATF3 activated Stat3 phosphorylation in skin cancer cell through regulation of p53 expression. Moreover, the promotion effect of ATF3 on skin cancer cell proliferation was dependent on the p53-Stat3 signaling cascade. CONCLUSION Together, the results indicate that ATF3 might promote skin cancer cell proliferation and enhance skin keratinocyte tumor development through inhibiting p53 expression and then activating Stat3 phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Feng Hao
- Graduate Management Brigade, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China E-mail :
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31
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Jin J, Hu J, Zhou W, Wang X, Xiao Q, Xue N, Yin D, Chen X. Development of a selective S1P1 receptor agonist, Syl930, as a potential therapeutic agent for autoimmune encephalitis. Biochem Pharmacol 2014; 90:50-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2014.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 04/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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32
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Increased gene copy number of VAMP7 disrupts human male urogenital development through altered estrogen action. Nat Med 2014; 20:715-24. [PMID: 24880616 PMCID: PMC4283218 DOI: 10.1038/nm.3580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Vesicle transport is intimately connected with key nuclear functions and transcriptional regulation. Here, children born with congenital genitourinary tract masculinization disorders were analyzed by array-Comparative Genomic Hybridization, which revealed the presence of de novo copy number gains on Xq28 encompassing the VAMP7 gene encoding a vesicle-trafficking protein. Humanized VAMP7 BAC transgenic mice displayed cryptorchidism, urethral defects, and hypospadias. Mutant mice exhibited reduced penile length, focal spermatogenic anomalies, diminished sperm motility, and subfertility. VAMP7 colocalized with estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1) in the presence of ligand. Elevated levels of VAMP7 markedly intensified ESR1 transcriptional activity by increasing ESR1 protein cellular content upon ligand stimulation and up-regulated the expression of estrogen-responsive genes including ATF3, CYR61, and CTGF, all of which are implicated in human hypospadias. Hence, increased gene dosage of the SNARE protein, VAMP7, enhances estrogen receptor action in male genitourinary tissues, affects the virilization of the reproductive tract, and results in genitourinary birth defects in humans.
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33
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Wei S, Wang H, Lu C, Malmut S, Zhang J, Ren S, Yu G, Wang W, Tang DD, Yan C. The activating transcription factor 3 protein suppresses the oncogenic function of mutant p53 proteins. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:8947-59. [PMID: 24554706 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.503755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutant p53 proteins (mutp53) often acquire oncogenic activities, conferring drug resistance and/or promoting cancer cell migration and invasion. Although it has been well established that such a gain of function is mainly achieved through interaction with transcriptional regulators, thereby modulating cancer-associated gene expression, how the mutp53 function is regulated remains elusive. Here we report that activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) bound common mutp53 (e.g. R175H and R273H) and, subsequently, suppressed their oncogenic activities. ATF3 repressed mutp53-induced NFKB2 expression and sensitized R175H-expressing cancer cells to cisplatin and etoposide treatments. Moreover, ATF3 appeared to suppress R175H- and R273H-mediated cancer cell migration and invasion as a consequence of preventing the transcription factor p63 from inactivation by mutp53. Accordingly, ATF3 promoted the expression of the metastasis suppressor SHARP1 in mutp53-expressing cells. An ATF3 mutant devoid of the mutp53-binding domain failed to disrupt the mutp53-p63 binding and, thus, lost the activity to suppress mutp53-mediated migration, suggesting that ATF3 binds to mutp53 to suppress its oncogenic function. In line with these results, we found that down-regulation of ATF3 expression correlated with lymph node metastasis in TP53-mutated human lung cancer. We conclude that ATF3 can suppress mutp53 oncogenic function, thereby contributing to tumor suppression in TP53-mutated cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saisai Wei
- From the Center for Cell Biology and Cancer Research and
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34
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Park JK, Jang H, Hwang S, Kim EJ, Kim DE, Oh KB, Kwon DJ, Koh JT, Kimura K, Inoue H, Jang WG, Lee JW. ER stress-inducible ATF3 suppresses BMP2-induced ALP expression and activation in MC3T3-E1 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 443:333-8. [PMID: 24315873 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.11.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress suppresses osteoblast differentiation. Activating transcription factor (ATF) 3, a member of the ATF/cAMP response element-binding protein family of transcription factors, is induced by various stimuli including cytokines, hormones, DNA damage, and ER stress. However, the role of ATF3 in osteoblast differentiation has not been elucidated. Treatment with tunicamycin (TM), an ER stress inducer, increased ATF3 expression in the preosteoblast cell line, MC3T3-E1. Overexpression of ATF3 inhibited bone morphogenetic protein 2-stimulated expression and activation of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), an osteogenic marker. In addition, suppression of ALP expression by TM treatment was rescued by silencing of ATF3 using shRNA. Taken together, these data indicate that ATF3 is a novel negative regulator of osteoblast differentiation by specifically suppressing ALP gene expression in preosteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-kyung Park
- Research Center of Integrative Cellulomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hoon Jang
- Research Center of Integrative Cellulomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea; Functional Genomics, School of Engineering, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea.
| | - SeongSoo Hwang
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun-Jung Kim
- Research Center of Integrative Cellulomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dong-Ern Kim
- Research Center of Integrative Cellulomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea.
| | - Keon-Bong Oh
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dae-Jin Kwon
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeong-Tae Koh
- Dental Science Research Institute and BK21, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kumi Kimura
- Department of Physiology and Metabolism, Brain/Liver Interface Medicine Research Center, College of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Inoue
- Department of Physiology and Metabolism, Brain/Liver Interface Medicine Research Center, College of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan.
| | - Won-Gu Jang
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering, Daegu University, Gyeongbuk 712-714, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeong-Woong Lee
- Research Center of Integrative Cellulomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea; Functional Genomics, School of Engineering, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea.
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35
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Wang CM, Yang WH. Loss of SUMOylation on ATF3 inhibits proliferation of prostate cancer cells by modulating CCND1/2 activity. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:8367-80. [PMID: 23591848 PMCID: PMC3645748 DOI: 10.3390/ijms14048367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2013] [Revised: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
SUMOylation plays an important role in regulating a wide range of cellular processes. Previously, we showed that ATF3, a stress response mediator, can be SUMOylated and lysine 42 is the major SUMO site. However, the significance of ATF3 SUMOylation in biological processes is still poorly understood. In the present study, we investigated the role of ATF3 SUMOylation on CCND activity and cellular proliferation in human prostate cancer cells. First, we showed that ATF3 can be SUMOylated endogenously in the overexpression system, and lysine 42 is the major SUMO site. Unlike normal prostate tissue and androgen-responsive LNCaP cancer cells, androgen-independent PC3 and DU145 cancer cells did not express ATF3 endogenously. Overexpression of ATF3 increased CCND1/2 expression in PC3 and DU145 cancer cells. Interestingly, we observed that SUMOylation is essential for ATF3-mediated CCND1/2 activation. Finally, we observed that SUMOylation plays a functional role in ATF3-mediated cellular proliferation in PC3 and DU145 cells. Taken together, our results demonstrate that SUMO modification of ATF3 influences CCND1/2 activity and cellular proliferation of prostate cancer PC3 and DU145 cells and explains at least in part how ATF3 functions to regulate cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiung-Min Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA 31404, USA.
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36
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Lu C, Liu D, Jin J, Deokar H, Zhang Y, Buolamwini JK, Yu X, Yan C, Chen X. Inhibition of gastric tumor growth by a novel Hsp90 inhibitor. Biochem Pharmacol 2013; 85:1246-56. [PMID: 23415900 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2013.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2012] [Revised: 02/04/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is a molecular chaperone engaging in multiple cellular signaling by stabilizing oncoproteins (e.g. Akt and c-Raf) in tumor cells. Whereas Hsp90 inhibitors such as 17-AAG exert promising antitumor effects in clinical trials, current efforts focus on developing agents targeting Hsp90 with improved efficacy and lower toxicity. Using a fluorescence polarization assay, we screened over a hundred of synthetic small molecules and identified a resorcinol derivative LD053 that bound the Hsp90 ATP-binding pocket. The binding of LD053 to Hsp90 dissociated the co-chaperone protein cdc37 from Hsp90, resulting in destabilization of Akt and c-Raf and subsequent inhibition of PI3K/Akt and c-Raf/Mek/Erk signaling in BGC823 gastric cancer cells. As a consequence, LD053 decreased cancer cell viability and induced apoptosis evidenced by increased subG0/G1 cell population and increased cleavage of caspase 3 and PARP. Interestingly, normal human cells appeared insensitive to LD053 treatments. Consistent with its in vitro anticancer activities, LD053 significantly inhibited growth of BGC823 xenografts in nude mice without apparent body weight loss. These results thus demonstrate that LD053 is a novel Hsp90 inhibitor and has potential to be used to treat gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunwan Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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