1
|
Goicoechea L, Conde de la Rosa L, Torres S, García-Ruiz C, Fernández-Checa JC. Mitochondrial cholesterol: Metabolism and impact on redox biology and disease. Redox Biol 2023; 61:102643. [PMID: 36857930 PMCID: PMC9989693 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol is a crucial component of membrane bilayers by regulating their structural and functional properties. Cholesterol traffics to different cellular compartments including mitochondria, whose cholesterol content is low compared to other cell membranes. Despite the limited availability of cholesterol in the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM), the metabolism of cholesterol in the IMM plays important physiological roles, acting as the precursor for the synthesis of steroid hormones and neurosteroids in steroidogenic tissues and specific neurons, respectively, or the synthesis of bile acids through an alternative pathway in the liver. Accumulation of cholesterol in mitochondria above physiological levels has a negative impact on mitochondrial function through several mechanisms, including the limitation of crucial antioxidant defenses, such as the glutathione redox cycle, increased generation of reactive oxygen species and consequent oxidative modification of cardiolipin, and defective assembly of respiratory supercomplexes. These adverse consequences of increased mitochondrial cholesterol trafficking trigger the onset of oxidative stress and cell death, and, ultimately, contribute to the development of diverse diseases, including metabolic liver diseases (i.e. fatty liver disease and liver cancer), as well as lysosomal disorders (i.e. Niemann-Pick type C disease) and neurodegenerative diseases (i.e. Alzheimer's disease). In this review, we summarize the metabolism and regulation of mitochondrial cholesterol and its potential impact on liver and neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leire Goicoechea
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic i Provincial de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Conde de la Rosa
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic i Provincial de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Torres
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic i Provincial de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen García-Ruiz
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic i Provincial de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain; Research Center for ALPD, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
| | - José C Fernández-Checa
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic i Provincial de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain; Research Center for ALPD, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Targeting Ceramides and Adiponectin Receptors in the Islet of Langerhans for Treating Diabetes. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27186117. [PMID: 36144859 PMCID: PMC9502927 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27186117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ceramides belong to the sphingolipid family and represent the central hub of the sphingolipid network. In obesity, oversupply of saturated fatty acids including palmitate raises ceramide levels which can be detrimental to cells. Elevated ceramides can cause insulin resistance, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Studies over the last few decades have highlighted the role played by ceramides in pancreatic islet β-cell apoptosis, especially under glucolipotoxic and inflammatory conditions. This review focuses on ceramides and adiponectin receptor signaling, summarizing recent advancements in our understanding of their roles in islet β-cells and the discovery of zinc-dependent lipid hydrolase (ceramidase) activity of adiponectin receptors. The therapeutic potential of targeting these events to prevent islet β-cell loss for treating diabetes is discussed.
Collapse
|
3
|
Torres S, Solsona-Vilarrasa E, Nuñez S, Matías N, Insausti-Urkia N, Castro F, Casasempere M, Fabriás G, Casas J, Enrich C, Fernández-Checa JC, Garcia-Ruiz C. Acid ceramidase improves mitochondrial function and oxidative stress in Niemann-Pick type C disease by repressing STARD1 expression and mitochondrial cholesterol accumulation. Redox Biol 2021; 45:102052. [PMID: 34175669 PMCID: PMC8254009 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Niemann-Pick type C (NPC) disease, a lysosomal storage disorder caused by defective NPC1/NPC2 function, results in the accumulation of cholesterol and glycosphingolipids in lysosomes of affected organs, such as liver and brain. Moreover, increase of mitochondrial cholesterol (mchol) content and impaired mitochondrial function and GSH depletion contribute to NPC disease. However, the underlying mechanism of mchol accumulation in NPC disease remains unknown. As STARD1 is crucial in intramitochondrial cholesterol trafficking and acid ceramidase (ACDase) has been shown to regulate STARD1, we explored the functional relationship between ACDase and STARD1 in NPC disease. Liver and brain of Npc1-/- mice presented a significant increase in mchol levels and STARD1 expression. U18666A, an amphiphilic sterol that inhibits lysosomal cholesterol efflux, increased mchol levels in hepatocytes from Stard1f/f mice but not Stard1ΔHep mice. We dissociate the induction of STARD1 expression from endoplasmic reticulum stress, and establish an inverse relationship between ACDase and STARD1 expression and LRH-1 levels. Hepatocytes from Npc1+/+ mice treated with U18666A exhibited increased mchol accumulation, STARD1 upregulation and decreased ACDase expression, effects that were reversed by cholesterol extraction with 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin. Moreover, transfection of fibroblasts from NPC patients with ACDase, decreased STARD1 expression and mchol accumulation, resulting in increased mitochondrial GSH levels, improved mitochondrial functional performance, decreased oxidative stress and protected NPC fibroblasts against oxidative stress-mediated cell death. Our results demonstrate a cholesterol-dependent inverse relationship between ACDase and STARD1 and provide a novel approach to target the accumulation of cholesterol in mitochondria in NPC disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Torres
- Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, IDIBAPS and CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Estel Solsona-Vilarrasa
- Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, IDIBAPS and CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Nuñez
- Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, IDIBAPS and CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria Matías
- Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, IDIBAPS and CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Naroa Insausti-Urkia
- Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, IDIBAPS and CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernanda Castro
- Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireia Casasempere
- Research Unit on BioActive Molecules (RUBAM), Departament de Química Orgànica Biològica, Institut d'Investigacions Químiques i Ambientals de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Fabriás
- Research Unit on BioActive Molecules (RUBAM), Departament de Química Orgànica Biològica, Institut d'Investigacions Químiques i Ambientals de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josefina Casas
- Research Unit on BioActive Molecules (RUBAM), Departament de Química Orgànica Biològica, Institut d'Investigacions Químiques i Ambientals de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Enrich
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Immunologia i Neurociències, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Spain; Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José C Fernández-Checa
- Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, IDIBAPS and CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain; Research Center for ALPD, Keck School of Medicine, Univerisity of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Carmen Garcia-Ruiz
- Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic I Provincial de Barcelona, IDIBAPS and CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain; Research Center for ALPD, Keck School of Medicine, Univerisity of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Stöckl JB, Schmid N, Flenkenthaler F, Drummer C, Behr R, Mayerhofer A, Arnold GJ, Fröhlich T. Age-Related Alterations in the Testicular Proteome of a Non-Human Primate. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061306. [PMID: 34074003 PMCID: PMC8225046 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging of human testis and associated cellular changes is difficult to assess. Therefore, we used a translational, non-human primate model to get insights into underlying cellular and biochemical processes. Using proteomics and immunohistochemistry, we analyzed testicular tissue of young (age 2 to 3) and old (age 10 to 12) common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus). Using a mass spectrometry-based proteomics approach, we identified 63,124 peptides, which could be assigned to 5924 proteins. Among them, we found proteins specific for germ cells and somatic cells, such as Leydig and Sertoli cells. Quantitative analysis showed 31 differentially abundant proteins, of which 29 proteins were more abundant in older animals. An increased abundance of anti-proliferative proteins, among them CDKN2A, indicate reduced cell proliferation in old testes. Additionally, an increased abundance of several small leucine rich repeat proteoglycans and other extracellular matrix proteins was observed, which may be related to impaired cell migration and fibrotic events. Furthermore, an increased abundance of proteins with inhibitory roles in smooth muscle cell contraction like CNN1 indicates functional alterations in testicular peritubular cells and may mirror a reduced capacity of these cells to contract in old testes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan B. Stöckl
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis LAFUGA, Gene Center, LMU München, 81377 München, Germany; (J.B.S.); (F.F.)
| | - Nina Schmid
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Anatomy III–Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, LMU München, 82152 Martinsried, Germany; (N.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Florian Flenkenthaler
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis LAFUGA, Gene Center, LMU München, 81377 München, Germany; (J.B.S.); (F.F.)
| | - Charis Drummer
- Platform Degenerative Diseases, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; (C.D.); (R.B.)
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Behr
- Platform Degenerative Diseases, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; (C.D.); (R.B.)
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Artur Mayerhofer
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Anatomy III–Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, LMU München, 82152 Martinsried, Germany; (N.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Georg J. Arnold
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis LAFUGA, Gene Center, LMU München, 81377 München, Germany; (J.B.S.); (F.F.)
- Correspondence: (G.J.A.); (T.F.)
| | - Thomas Fröhlich
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis LAFUGA, Gene Center, LMU München, 81377 München, Germany; (J.B.S.); (F.F.)
- Correspondence: (G.J.A.); (T.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bryant JM, Malabanan MM, Vanderloop BH, Nichols CM, Haratipour Z, Poon KT, Sherrod SD, McLean JA, Blind RD. The acyl chains of phosphoinositide PIP3 alter the structure and function of nuclear receptor steroidogenic factor-1. J Lipid Res 2021; 62:100081. [PMID: 33933440 PMCID: PMC8178125 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2021.100081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear receptors are transcription factors that bind lipids, an event that induces a structural conformation of the receptor that favors interaction with transcriptional coactivators. The nuclear receptor steroidogenic factor-1 (SF-1, NR5A1) binds the signaling phosphoinositides PI(4,5)P2 (PIP2) and PI(3,4,5)P3 (PIP3), and our previous crystal structures showed how the phosphoinositide headgroups regulate SF-1 function. However, what role the acyl chains play in regulating SF-1 structure remains unaddressed. Here, we used X-ray crystallography with in vitro binding and functional assays to examine how the acyl chains of PIP3 regulate human SF-1 ligand-binding domain structure and function. Altering acyl chain length and unsaturation regulates apparent binding of all tested phosphoinositides to SF-1. Mass spectrometry-based lipidomics data suggest C16 and C18 phospholipids preferentially associate with SF-1 expressed ectopically in bacteria. We then solved the 2.5 Å crystal structure of SF-1 bound to dioleoyl PIP3(18:1/18:1) to compare it with a matched structure of SF-1 bound to dipalmitoyl PIP3(16:0/16:0). The dioleoyl-bound structure was severely disordered in a specific SF-1 region associated with pathogenic human polymorphisms and within the coactivator-binding region critical for SF-1 function while inducing increased sensitivity to protease digestion in solution. Validating these structural observations, in vitro functional studies showed dioleoyl PIP3 induced 6-fold poorer affinity of a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha coactivator peptide for SF-1 compared with dipalmitoyl PIP3. Together, these data suggest the chemical nature of the phosphoinositide acyl chains controls the ordered state of specific, clinically important structural regions in SF-1, regulating SF-1 function in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jamal M Bryant
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - M Merced Malabanan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt Diabetes Research and Training Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Boden H Vanderloop
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Charles M Nichols
- Center for Innovative Technology and Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Zeinab Haratipour
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt Diabetes Research and Training Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Genomic Medicine Training Program, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Katrina T Poon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Stacy D Sherrod
- Center for Innovative Technology and Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - John A McLean
- Center for Innovative Technology and Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Raymond D Blind
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt Diabetes Research and Training Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Genomic Medicine Training Program, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA; Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Torres S, García-Ruiz CM, Fernandez-Checa JC. Mitochondrial Cholesterol in Alzheimer's Disease and Niemann-Pick Type C Disease. Front Neurol 2019; 10:1168. [PMID: 31787922 PMCID: PMC6854033 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.01168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction has been recognized as a key player in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Niemann–Pick type C (NPC) disease. While the pathogenesis of both diseases is different, disruption of intracellular cholesterol trafficking has emerged as a common feature of both AD and NPC disease. Nutritional or genetic mitochondrial cholesterol accumulation sensitizes neurons to Aβ-mediated neurotoxicity in vitro and promotes cognitive decline in AD models. In addition to the primary accumulation of cholesterol and sphingolipids in lysosomes, NPC disease is also characterized by an increase in mitochondrial cholesterol levels in affected organs, predominantly in brain and liver. In both diseases, mitochondrial cholesterol accumulation disrupts membrane physical properties and restricts the transport of glutathione into mitochondrial matrix, thus impairing the mitochondrial antioxidant defense strategy. The underlying mechanisms leading to mitochondrial cholesterol accumulation in AD and NPC diseases are not fully understood. In the present manuscript, we discuss evidence for the potential role of StARD1 in promoting the trafficking of cholesterol to mitochondria in AD and NPC, whose upregulation involves an endoplasmic reticulum stress and a decrease in acid ceramidase expression, respectively. These findings imply that targeting StARD1 or boosting the mitochondrial antioxidant defense may emerge as a promising approach for both AD and NPC disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Torres
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Barcelona, Spain.,Liver Unit and Hospital Clinc I Provincial, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBEREHD), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen M García-Ruiz
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Barcelona, Spain.,Liver Unit and Hospital Clinc I Provincial, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBEREHD), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain.,Southern California Research Center for ALDP and Cirrhosis, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jose C Fernandez-Checa
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Barcelona, Spain.,Liver Unit and Hospital Clinc I Provincial, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBEREHD), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain.,Southern California Research Center for ALDP and Cirrhosis, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
de Melo TP, Salinas Fortes MR, Hayes B, de Albuquerque LG, Carvalheiro R. Across-breed validation study confirms and identifies new loci associated with sexual precocity in Brahman and Nellore cattle. J Anim Breed Genet 2019; 137:139-154. [PMID: 31414510 DOI: 10.1111/jbg.12429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify candidate regions associated with sexual precocity in Bos indicus. Nellore and Brahman were set as validation and discovery populations, respectively. SNP selected in Brahman to validate in Nellore were from gene regions affecting reproductive traits (G1) and significant SNP (p ≤ 10-3 ) from a meta-analysis (G2). In the validation population, early pregnancy (EP) and scrotal circumference (SC) were evaluated. To perform GWAS in validation population, we used regression and Bayes C. SNP with p ≤ 10-3 in regression and Bayes factor ≥3 in Bayes C were deemed significant. Significant SNP (for EP or SC) or SNP in their ±250 Kb vicinity region, which were in at least one discovery set (G1 or G2), were considered validated. SNP identified in both G1 and G2 were considered candidate. For EP, 145 SNP were validated in G1 and 41 in G2, and for SC, these numbers were 14 and 2. For EP, 21 candidate SNP were detected (G1 and G2). For SC, no candidate SNP were identified. Validated SNP and their vicinity region were located close to quantitative trait loci or genes related to reproductive traits and were enriched in gene ontology terms related to reproductive success. These are therefore strong candidate regions for sexual precocity in Nellore and Brahman.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thaise Pinto de Melo
- Department of Animal Science, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, FCAV/ UNESP - Sao Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marina Rufino Salinas Fortes
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Qld, Australia.,Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Qld, Australia
| | - Ben Hayes
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Qld, Australia
| | - Lucia Galvão de Albuquerque
- Department of Animal Science, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, FCAV/ UNESP - Sao Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Roberto Carvalheiro
- Department of Animal Science, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, FCAV/ UNESP - Sao Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Huang CCJ, Kang Y. The transient cortical zone in the adrenal gland: the mystery of the adrenal X-zone. J Endocrinol 2019; 241:R51-R63. [PMID: 30817316 PMCID: PMC6675673 DOI: 10.1530/joe-18-0632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The X-zone is a transient cortical region enriched in eosinophilic cells located in the cortical-medullary boundary of the mouse adrenal gland. Similar to the X-zone, the fetal zone in human adrenals is also a transient cortical compartment, comprising the majority of the human fetal adrenal gland. During adrenal development, fetal cortical cells are gradually replaced by newly formed adult cortical cells that develop into outer definitive zones. In mice, the regression of this fetal cell population is sexually dimorphic. Many mouse models with mutations associated with endocrine factors have been reported with X-zone phenotypes. Increasing findings indicate that the cell fate of this aged cell population of the adrenal cortex can be manipulated by many hormonal and nonhormonal factors. This review summarizes the current knowledge of this transient adrenocortical zone with an emphasis on genes and signaling pathways that affect X-zone cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Che Jeff Huang
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Yuan Kang
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bai A, Bielawska A, Rahmaniyan M, Kraveka JM, Bielawski J, Hannun YA. Dose dependent actions of LCL521 on acid ceramidase and key sphingolipid metabolites. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:6067-6075. [PMID: 30448190 PMCID: PMC6323005 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The function of acid ceramidase (ACDase), whose congenital deficiency leads to Farber disease, has been recognized to be vital to tumor cell biology, and inhibition of its activity may be beneficial in cancer therapy. Therefore, manipulation of the activity of this enzyme may have significant effect, especially on cancer cells. LCL521, Di-DMG-B13, is a lysosomotropic inhibitor of ACDase. Here we define complexities in the actions of LCL521 on ACDase. Systematic studies in MCF7 cells showed dose and time divergent action of LCL521 on ACDase protein expression and sphingolipid levels. Low dose of LCL521 (1 µM) effectively inhibited ACDase in cells, but the effects were transient. A higher dose of LCL521 (10 µM) caused a profound decrease of sphingosine and increase of ceramide, but additionally affected the processing and regeneration of the ACDase protein, with biphasic and reversible effects on the expression of ACDase, which paralleled the long term changes of cellular sphingosine and ceramide. Finally, the higher concentrations of LCL521 also inhibited Dihydroceramide desaturase (DES-1). In summary, LCL521 exhibits significant effects on ACDase in a dose and time dependent manner, but dose range and treatment time need to be paid attention to specify its future exploration on ACDase targeted cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aiping Bai
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Ave., Charleston, SC 294255, United States; Lipidomics Shared Resources, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Ave., Charleston, SC 29425, United States
| | - Alicja Bielawska
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Ave., Charleston, SC 294255, United States; Lipidomics Shared Resources, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Ave., Charleston, SC 29425, United States
| | - Mehrdad Rahmaniyan
- Department of Pediatrics-Hematology/Oncology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Ave., Charleston, SC 294255, United States
| | - Jacqueline M Kraveka
- Department of Pediatrics-Hematology/Oncology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Ave., Charleston, SC 294255, United States
| | - Jacek Bielawski
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Ave., Charleston, SC 294255, United States; Lipidomics Shared Resources, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Ave., Charleston, SC 29425, United States
| | - Yusuf A Hannun
- Departments of Medicine, Biochemistry and Cell Biology, and Pharmacology and the Stony Brook Cancer Center at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Azuma MM, Balani P, Boisvert H, Gil M, Egashira K, Yamaguchi T, Hasturk H, Duncan M, Kawai T, Movila A. Endogenous acid ceramidase protects epithelial cells from Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced inflammation in vitro. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 495:2383-2389. [PMID: 29278706 PMCID: PMC5765770 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.12.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Ceramidases are a group of enzymes that degrade pro-inflammatory ceramide by cleaving a fatty acid to form anti-inflammatory sphingosine lipid. Thus far, acid, neutral and alkaline ceramidase isozymes have been described. However, the expression patterns of ceramidase isoforms as well as their role in periodontal disease pathogenesis remain unknown. In this study, expression patterns of ceramidase isoforms were quantified by real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry in gingival samples of patients with periodontitis and healthy subjects, as well as in EpiGingivalTM-3D culture and OBA-9 gingival epithelial cells both of which were stimulated with or without the presence of live Porphyromonas gingivalis (ATCC 33277 strain). A significantly lower level of acid ceramidase expression was detected in gingival tissues from periodontal patients compared to those from healthy subjects. In addition, acid-ceramidase expression in EpiGingival™ 3D culture and OBA-9 cells was suppressed by stimulation with P. gingivalis in vitro. No significant fluctuation was detected for neutral or alkaline ceramidases in either gingival samples or cell cultures. Next, to elucidate the role of acid ceramidase in P. gingivalis-induced inflammation in vitro, OBA-9 cells were transduced with adenoviral vector expressing the human acid ceramidase (Ad-ASAH1) gene or control adenoviral vector (Ad-control). In response to stimulation with P. gingivalis, ASAH1-over-expressing OBA-9 cells showed significantly lower mRNA expressions of caspase-3 as well as the percentage of Annexin V-positive cells, when compared with OBA-9 cells transduced with Ad-control vector. Furthermore, in response to stimulation with P. gingivalis, ASAH1-over-expressing OBA-9 cells produced less TNF-α, IL-6, and IL1β pro-inflammatory cytokines than observed in OBA-9 cells transduced with Ad-control vector. Collectively, our data show the novel discovery of anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects of acid ceramidase in host cells exposed to periodontal bacteria, and the attenuation of the expression of host-protective acid ceramidase in periodontal lesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Pooja Balani
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA; Harvard University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Mindy Gil
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA; Harvard University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kenji Egashira
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA; Lion Corporation, Research & Development Headquarter, Odawara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tsuguno Yamaguchi
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA; Lion Corporation, Research & Development Headquarter, Odawara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hatice Hasturk
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA; Harvard University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Toshihisa Kawai
- NOVA Southeastern University, College of Dental Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Alexandru Movila
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA; Harvard University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; NOVA Southeastern University, College of Dental Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Li YH, Liu HT, Xu J, Xing AY, Zhang J, Wang YW, Yin G, Gao P. The value of detection of S100A8 and ASAH1 in predicting the chemotherapy response for breast cancer patients. Hum Pathol 2018; 74:156-163. [PMID: 29320752 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy plays an important role in the treatment of breast cancer. However, chemoresistance remains the main obstacle for effective treatment, leading to poor prognosis. This study aims to investigate the value of detection of S100A8 and ASAH1 in predicting the chemotherapy response. Miller and Payne grades were used to assess the chemotherapy response in breast cancers. The expression of S100A8 and ASAH1, as well as ER, PR, HER2 and Ki-67 were assessed by immunohistochemical staining in 120 cases of non-special type invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC-NOS). S100A8 expression was higher in chemosensitive breast cancers than chemoresistant ones. Moreover, S100A8 expression was significantly correlated with the molecular subtypes and histological grade, but not with patients' age, tumor size and lymph nodes status. However, there was no significant difference in ASAH1 expression between chemoresistant and chemosensitive group. We also found that higher ASAH1 expression was correlated with positive lymph nodes status, but not with age, tumor size, molecular subtypes and histological grade. S100A8 was valuable in predicting chemotherapy response in breast cancers. The expression of ASAH1 was associated significantly with lymph nodes metastasis, indicating that ASAH1 may serve as a biomarker to predict patients' lymph nodes status in breast cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hong Li
- Department of Pathology, The People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Liaocheng, P.R. China; Department of Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Ting Liu
- Department of Pathology, QiLu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Pathology, The People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Liaocheng, P.R. China; Department of Pathology, Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Ai-Yan Xing
- Department of Pathology, QiLu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Wen Wang
- Department of Pathology, QiLu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Gang Yin
- Department of Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China.
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Pathology, QiLu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Torres S, Balboa E, Zanlungo S, Enrich C, Garcia-Ruiz C, Fernandez-Checa JC. Lysosomal and Mitochondrial Liaisons in Niemann-Pick Disease. Front Physiol 2017; 8:982. [PMID: 29249985 PMCID: PMC5714892 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal storage disorders (LSD) are characterized by the accumulation of diverse lipid species in lysosomes. Niemann-Pick type A/B (NPA/B) and type C diseases Niemann-Pick type C (NPC) are progressive LSD caused by loss of function of distinct lysosomal-residing proteins, acid sphingomyelinase and NPC1, respectively. While the primary cause of these diseases differs, both share common biochemical features, including the accumulation of sphingolipids and cholesterol, predominantly in endolysosomes. Besides these alterations in lysosomal homeostasis and function due to accumulation of specific lipid species, the lysosomal functional defects can have far-reaching consequences, disrupting intracellular trafficking of sterols, lipids and calcium through membrane contact sites (MCS) of apposed compartments. Although MCS between endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria have been well studied and characterized in different contexts, emerging evidence indicates that lysosomes also exhibit close proximity with mitochondria, which translates in their mutual functional regulation. Indeed, as best illustrated in NPC disease, alterations in the lysosomal-mitochondrial liaisons underlie the secondary accumulation of specific lipids, such as cholesterol in mitochondria, resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction and defective antioxidant defense, which contribute to disease progression. Thus, a better understanding of the lysosomal and mitochondrial interactions and trafficking may identify novel targets for the treatment of Niemann-Pick disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Torres
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Intituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Barcelona, Spain.,Liver Unit and Hospital Clinc I Provincial, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBEREHD), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisa Balboa
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Silvana Zanlungo
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carlos Enrich
- Departamento de Biomedicina, Unidad de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica CELLEX, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Garcia-Ruiz
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Intituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Barcelona, Spain.,Liver Unit and Hospital Clinc I Provincial, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBEREHD), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain.,Southern California Research Center for ALDP and Cirrhosis, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jose C Fernandez-Checa
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Intituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Barcelona, Spain.,Liver Unit and Hospital Clinc I Provincial, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBEREHD), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain.,Southern California Research Center for ALDP and Cirrhosis, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Arish M, Alaidarous M, Ali R, Akhter Y, Rub A. Implication of sphingosine-1-phosphate signaling in diseases: molecular mechanism and therapeutic strategies. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2017; 37:437-446. [PMID: 28758826 DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2017.1358282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate signaling is emerging as a critical regulator of cellular processes that is initiated by the intracellular production of bioactive lipid molecule, sphingosine-1-phosphate. Binding of sphingosine-1-phosphate to its extracellular receptors activates diverse downstream signaling that play a critical role in governing physiological processes. Increasing evidence suggests that this signaling pathway often gets impaired during pathophysiological and diseased conditions and hence manipulation of this signaling pathway may be beneficial in providing treatment. In this review, we summarized the recent findings of S1P signaling pathway and the versatile role of the participating candidates in context with several disease conditions. Finally, we discussed its possible role as a novel drug target in different diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Arish
- a Infection and Immunity Lab, Department of Biotechnology , Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University) , New Delhi , India
| | - Mohammed Alaidarous
- b Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences , Majmaah University , Al Majmaah , Saudi Arabia
| | - Rahat Ali
- a Infection and Immunity Lab, Department of Biotechnology , Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University) , New Delhi , India
| | - Yusuf Akhter
- c Centre for Computational Biology & Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences , Central University of Himachal Pradesh , Shahpur, Kangra , India
| | - Abdur Rub
- a Infection and Immunity Lab, Department of Biotechnology , Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University) , New Delhi , India.,b Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences , Majmaah University , Al Majmaah , Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Korbelik M, Banáth J, Zhang W, Saw KM, Szulc ZM, Bielawska A, Separovic D. Interaction of acid ceramidase inhibitor LCL521 with tumor response to photodynamic therapy and photodynamic therapy-generated vaccine. Int J Cancer 2016; 139:1372-8. [PMID: 27136745 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Acid ceramidase has been identified as a promising target for cancer therapy. One of its most effective inhibitors, LCL521, was examined as adjuvant to photodynamic therapy (PDT) using mouse squamous cell carcinoma SCCVII model of head and neck cancer. Lethal effects of PDT, assessed by colony forming ability of in vitro treated SCCVII cells, were greatly enhanced when combined with 10 µM LCL521 treatment particularly when preceding PDT. When PDT-treated SCCVII cells are used to vaccinate SCCVII tumor-bearing mice (PDT vaccine protocol), adjuvant LCL521 treatment (75 mg/kg) resulted in a marked retardation of tumor growth. This effect can be attributed to the capacity of LCL521 to effectively restrict the activity of two main immunoregulatory cell populations (Tregs and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, MDSCs) that are known to hinder the efficacy of PDT vaccines. The therapeutic benefit with adjuvant LCL521 was also achieved with SCCVII tumors treated with standard PDT when using immunocompetent mice but not with immunodeficient hosts. The interaction of LCL521 with PDT-based antitumor mechanisms is dominated by immune system contribution that includes overriding the effects of immunoregulatory cells, but could also include a tacit contribution from boosting direct tumor cell kill.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mladen Korbelik
- Integrative Oncology Department, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Judit Banáth
- Integrative Oncology Department, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Wei Zhang
- Integrative Oncology Department, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kyi Min Saw
- Integrative Oncology Department, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Zdzislaw M Szulc
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Alicja Bielawska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Duska Separovic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Voelzmann A, Wulf AL, Eckardt F, Thielisch M, Brondolin M, Pesch YY, Sociale M, Bauer R, Hoch M. NuclearDrosophilaCerS Schlank regulates lipid homeostasis via the homeodomain, independent of the lag1p motif. FEBS Lett 2016; 590:971-81. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- André Voelzmann
- Program Unit Development, Genetics & Molecular Physiology; Laboratory for Molecular Developmental Biology; LIMES-Institute; University of Bonn; Germany
| | - Anna-Lena Wulf
- Program Unit Development, Genetics & Molecular Physiology; Laboratory for Molecular Developmental Biology; LIMES-Institute; University of Bonn; Germany
| | - Franka Eckardt
- Program Unit Development, Genetics & Molecular Physiology; Laboratory for Molecular Developmental Biology; LIMES-Institute; University of Bonn; Germany
| | - Melanie Thielisch
- Program Unit Development, Genetics & Molecular Physiology; Laboratory for Molecular Developmental Biology; LIMES-Institute; University of Bonn; Germany
| | - Mirco Brondolin
- Program Unit Development, Genetics & Molecular Physiology; Laboratory for Molecular Developmental Biology; LIMES-Institute; University of Bonn; Germany
| | - Yanina-Yasmin Pesch
- Program Unit Development, Genetics & Molecular Physiology; Laboratory for Molecular Developmental Biology; LIMES-Institute; University of Bonn; Germany
| | - Mariangela Sociale
- Program Unit Development, Genetics & Molecular Physiology; Laboratory for Molecular Developmental Biology; LIMES-Institute; University of Bonn; Germany
| | - Reinhard Bauer
- Program Unit Development, Genetics & Molecular Physiology; Laboratory for Molecular Developmental Biology; LIMES-Institute; University of Bonn; Germany
| | - Michael Hoch
- Program Unit Development, Genetics & Molecular Physiology; Laboratory for Molecular Developmental Biology; LIMES-Institute; University of Bonn; Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
The topic of ceramidases has experienced an enormous boost during the last few years. Ceramidases catalyze the degradation of ceramide to sphingosine and fatty acids. Ceramide is not only the central hub of sphingolipid biosynthesis and degradation, it is also a key molecule in sphingolipid signaling, promoting differentiation or apoptosis. Acid ceramidase inhibition sensitizes certain types of cancer to chemo- and radio-therapy and this is suggestive of a role of acid ceramidase inhibitors as chemo-sensitizers which can act synergistically with chemo-therapeutic drugs. In this review, we summarize the development of ceramide analogues as first-generation ceramidase inhibitors together with data on their activity in cells and disease models. Furthermore, we describe the recent developments that have led to highly potent second-generation ceramidase inhibitors that act at nanomolar concentrations. In the third part, various assays of ceramidases are described and their relevance for accurately measuring ceramidase activities and for the development of novel inhibitors is highlighted. Besides potential clinical implications, the recent improvements in ceramidase inhibition and assaying may help to better understand the mechanisms of ceramide biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Essa M Saied
- Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Institute for Chemistry, Berlin, Germany; Suez Canal University, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Christoph Arenz
- Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Institute for Chemistry, Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Cordeiro FB, Cataldi TR, do Vale Teixeira da Costa L, de Lima CB, Stevanato J, Zylbersztejn DS, Ferreira CR, Eberlin MN, Cedenho AP, Turco EGL. Follicular fluid lipid fingerprinting from women with PCOS and hyper response during IVF treatment. J Assist Reprod Genet 2014; 32:45-54. [PMID: 25374394 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-014-0375-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine-metabolic disorder that leads to lower natural reproductive potential and presents a challenge for assisted reproductive medicine because patients may exhibit immature oocyte retrieval and a higher risk of ovarian hyper stimulation syndrome during in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment. This study aimed to identify potential lipid biomarkers for women with PCOS and a hyper response to controlled ovarian stimulation. METHODS Follicular fluid samples were collected from patients who underwent IVF, including normal responder women who became pregnant (control group, n = 11), women with PCOS and a hyper response to gonadotropins (PCOS group, n = 7) and women with only hyper response to gonadotropins (HR group, n = 7). A lipidomic analysis was performed by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, and candidate biomarkers were analyzed by tandem mass spectrometry experiment. RESULTS The lipid profiles indicated particularities related to differences in phosphatidylcholine (PCOS and HR), phosphatidylserine, phosphatydilinositol and phosphatidylglycerol (control), sphingolipids (PCOS) and phosphatidylethanolamine (control and HR). CONCLUSIONS These findings contribute to the understanding of the molecular mechanisms associated with lipid metabolism in the PCOS-related hyper response, and strongly suggest that these lipids may be useful as biomarkers, leading to the development of more individualized treatment for pregnancy outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Bertuccez Cordeiro
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Human Reproduction Section, São Paulo Federal University, R Embau, 231, 04039-060, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Bai A, Szulc ZM, Bielawski J, Pierce JS, Rembiesa B, Terzieva S, Mao C, Xu R, Wu B, Clarke CJ, Newcomb B, Liu X, Norris J, Hannun YA, Bielawska A. Targeting (cellular) lysosomal acid ceramidase by B13: design, synthesis and evaluation of novel DMG-B13 ester prodrugs. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:6933-44. [PMID: 25456083 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Revised: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Acid ceramidase (ACDase) is being recognized as a therapeutic target for cancer. B13 represents a moderate inhibitor of ACDase. The present study concentrates on the lysosomal targeting of B13 via its N,N-dimethylglycine (DMG) esters (DMG-B13 prodrugs). Novel analogs, the isomeric mono-DMG-B13, LCL522 (3-O-DMG-B13·HCl) and LCL596 (1-O-DMG-B13·HCl) and di-DMG-B13, LCL521 (1,3-O, O-DMG-B13·2HCl) conjugates, were designed and synthesized through N,N-dimethyl glycine (DMG) esterification of the hydroxyl groups of B13. In MCF7 cells, DMG-B13 prodrugs were efficiently metabolized to B13. The early inhibitory effect of DMG-B13 prodrugs on cellular ceramidases was ACDase specific by their lysosomal targeting. The corresponding dramatic decrease of cellular Sph (80-97% Control/1h) by DMG-B13 prodrugs was mainly from the inhibition of the lysosomal ACDase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aiping Bai
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Ave., Charleston, SC 29425, USA; Lipidomics Facility, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Ave., Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Zdzislaw M Szulc
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Ave., Charleston, SC 29425, USA; Lipidomics Facility, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Ave., Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Jacek Bielawski
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Ave., Charleston, SC 29425, USA; Lipidomics Facility, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Ave., Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Jason S Pierce
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Ave., Charleston, SC 29425, USA; Lipidomics Facility, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Ave., Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Barbara Rembiesa
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Ave., Charleston, SC 29425, USA; Lipidomics Facility, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Ave., Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Silva Terzieva
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Ave., Charleston, SC 29425, USA; Lipidomics Facility, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Ave., Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Cungui Mao
- Department of Medicine and the Stony Brook Cancer Center at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Ruijuan Xu
- Department of Medicine and the Stony Brook Cancer Center at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Bill Wu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Ave., Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Christopher J Clarke
- Department of Medicine and the Stony Brook Cancer Center at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Benjamin Newcomb
- Department of Medicine and the Stony Brook Cancer Center at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Ave., Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - James Norris
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Ave., Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Yusuf A Hannun
- Department of Medicine and the Stony Brook Cancer Center at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
| | - Alicja Bielawska
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Ave., Charleston, SC 29425, USA; Lipidomics Facility, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Ave., Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Blind RD. Disentangling biological signaling networks by dynamic coupling of signaling lipids to modifying enzymes. Adv Biol Regul 2014; 54:25-38. [PMID: 24176936 PMCID: PMC3946453 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2013.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Revised: 09/08/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
An unresolved problem in biological signal transduction is how particular branches of highly interconnected signaling networks can be decoupled, allowing activation of specific circuits within complex signaling architectures. Although signaling dynamics and spatiotemporal mechanisms serve critical roles, it remains unclear if these are the only ways cells achieve specificity within networks. The transcription factor Steroidogenic Factor-1 (SF-1) is an excellent model to address this question, as it forms dynamic complexes with several chemically distinct lipid species (phosphatidylinositols, phosphatidylcholines and sphingolipids). This property is important since lipids bound to SF-1 are modified by lipid signaling enzymes (IPMK & PTEN), regulating SF-1 biological activity in gene expression. Thus, a particular SF-1/lipid complex can interface with a lipid signaling enzyme only if SF-1 has been loaded with a chemically compatible lipid substrate. This mechanism permits dynamic downstream responsiveness to constant upstream input, disentangling specific pathways from the full network. The potential of this paradigm to apply generally to nuclear lipid signaling is discussed, with particular attention given to the nuclear receptor superfamily of transcription factors and their phospholipid ligands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raymond D Blind
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Cai K, Lucki NC, Sewer MB. Silencing diacylglycerol kinase-theta expression reduces steroid hormone biosynthesis and cholesterol metabolism in human adrenocortical cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2013; 1841:552-62. [PMID: 24369117 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2013.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Revised: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Diacylglycerol kinase theta (DGKθ) plays a pivotal role in regulating adrenocortical steroidogenesis by synthesizing the ligand for the nuclear receptor steroidogenic factor 1 (SF1). In response to activation of the cAMP signaling cascade nuclear DGK activity is rapidly increased, facilitating PA-mediated, SF1-dependent transcription of genes required for cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) biosynthesis. Based on our previous work identifying DGKθ as the enzyme that produces the agonist for SF1, we generated a tetracycline-inducible H295R stable cell line to express a short hairpin RNA (shRNA) against DGKθ and characterized the effect of silencing DGKθ on adrenocortical gene expression. Genome-wide DNA microarray analysis revealed that silencing DGKθ expression alters the expression of multiple genes, including steroidogenic genes, nuclear receptors and genes involved in sphingolipid, phospholipid and cholesterol metabolism. Interestingly, the expression of sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) was also suppressed. Consistent with the suppression of SREBPs, we observed a down-regulation of multiple SREBP target genes, including 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutary coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoA red) and CYP51, concomitant with a decrease in cellular cholesterol. DGKθ knockdown cells exhibited a reduced capacity to metabolize PA, with a down-regulation of lipin and phospholipase D (PLD) isoforms. In contrast, suppression of DGKθ increased the expression of several genes in the sphingolipid metabolic pathway, including acid ceramidase (ASAH1) and sphingosine kinases (SPHK). In summary, these data demonstrate that DGKθ plays an important role in steroid hormone production in human adrenocortical cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Cai
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Natasha C Lucki
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Marion B Sewer
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Cai K, Sewer MB. cAMP-stimulated transcription of DGKθ requires steroidogenic factor 1 and sterol regulatory element binding protein 1. J Lipid Res 2013; 54:2121-2132. [PMID: 23610160 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m035634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Diacylglycerol kinase (DGK)θ is a lipid kinase that phosphorylates diacylglycerol to form phosphatidic acid (PA). We have previously shown that PA is a ligand for the nuclear receptor steroidogenic factor 1 (SF1) and that cAMP-stimulated expression of SF1 target genes requires DGKθ. In this study, we sought to investigate the role of cAMP signaling in regulating DGKθ gene expression. Real time RT-PCR and Western blot analysis revealed that dibutyryl cAMP (Bt2cAMP) increased the mRNA and protein expression, respectively, of DGKθ in H295R human adrenocortical cells. SF1 and sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP1) increased the transcriptional activity of a reporter plasmid containing 1.5 kb of the DGKθ promoter fused to the luciferase gene. Mutation of putative cAMP responsive sequences abolished SF1- and SREBP-dependent DGKθ reporter gene activation. Consistent with this finding, chromatin immunoprecipitation assay demonstrated that Bt2cAMP signaling increased the recruitment of SF1 and SREBP1 to the DGKθ promoter. Coimmunoprecipitation assay revealed that SF1 and SREBP1 interact, suggesting that the two transcription factors form a complex on the DGKθ promoter. Finally, silencing SF1 and SREBP1 abolished cAMP-stimulated DGKθ expression. Taken together, we demonstrate that SF1 and SREBP1 activate DGKθ transcription in a cAMP-dependent manner in human adrenocortical cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Cai
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Marion B Sewer
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093.
| |
Collapse
|