1
|
Surabhi RP, Rajendran S, Srikanth Swamy Swaroop B, Murugan S, Shanmugasundaram G, Joseph LD, Pitani R, Babu PS, Suresh K R, Venkatraman G. Activation of oncogenic signaling kinase PAK1 by ionising radiation confers an aggressive phenotype in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Signal 2023; 112:110910. [PMID: 37777103 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cancers are very aggressive tumors often diagnosed in late stages with poor prognosis. HNSCCs are usually treated by a course of radiation (IR) therapy and followed by surgery. These treatment regimens fail to bring a complete response. Molecular signatures in tumors are attributed to this response and an improved understanding of the signaling events could offer new avenues for therapy. Here, we show that P21 activated kinase-1 (PAK1) - an oncogenic signaling serine/threonine kinase, is activated upon exposure to IR and this leads to an accelerated tumorigenic character in HNSCC cells. Our results show that PAK1 is highly expressed in HNSCC cell lines, as compared to normal buccal mucosa cells and when HNSCC cells were exposed to IR, they show activated PAK1 and an aggressive phenotype as determined by in vitro functional assays. PAK1 levels were elevated in HNSCC as compared to adjacent normal oral tissues and our results also show convincing evidence of activated PAK1 in patient tumor samples of post- IR treatment as compared to pre-IR treatment and is associated with poor survival. Pak1 Knockout (KO) clones in HNSCC cells showed that they were more sensitive to IR as compared to wild type (wt) cells. This altered sensitivity to IR was attributed to enhanced DNA damage response modulated by PAK1 in cells. Overall, our results suggest that PAK1 expression in HNSCC could be a critical determinant in IR therapy response and silencing PAK1 is likely to be a treatment modality to improve clinical outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Prasad Surabhi
- Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Biomedical Sciences & Technology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai 600116, India
| | - Swetha Rajendran
- Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Biomedical Sciences & Technology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai 600116, India
| | - B Srikanth Swamy Swaroop
- Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Biomedical Sciences & Technology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai 600116, India
| | - Sowmiya Murugan
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Guindy, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Gouthaman Shanmugasundaram
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai 600116, India
| | - Leena Dennis Joseph
- Department of Pathology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai 600116, India
| | - Ravishankar Pitani
- Department of Community Medicine, Sri Ramachandra Medical College, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai 600116, India
| | - Pakala Suresh Babu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, Telangana 500046, India
| | - Rayala Suresh K
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Guindy, Chennai 600036, India.
| | - Ganesh Venkatraman
- Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Biomedical Sciences & Technology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai 600116, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhou W, Chen YX, Ke B, He JK, Zhu N, Zhang AF, Fang XD, Tu WP. circPlekha7 suppresses renal fibrosis via targeting miR-493-3p/KLF4. Epigenomics 2022; 14:199-217. [PMID: 35172608 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2021-0370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims: The authors aim to investigate the function of circPlekha7 in renal fibrosis. Methods: Human renal tissues from chronic kidney disease patients, kidney cell line and primary cultured renal tubular epithelial cells were used. TGF-β1-treated human kidney 2 cells/tubular epithelial cells and a unilateral ureteral obstruction mouse model were employed to study renal fibrosis. Results: circPlekha7 was diminished in renal tissues from chronic kidney disease patients and TGF-β1-treated human kidney 2 cells and tubular epithelial cells, while miR-493-3p was upregulated. Overexpression of circPlekha7 or knockdown of miR-493-3p suppressed TGF-β1 induced enhancements on epithelial to mesenchymal transition and fibrogenesis, as well as attenuated renal fibrosis and injury in mice subjected to unilateral ureteral obstruction. circPlekha7 bound with miR-493-3p, which directly targeted KLF4. Conclusion: circPlekha7 inhibits epithelial to mesenchymal transition of renal tubular epithelial cells and fibrosis via targeting miR-493-3p to de-repress KLF4/mitofusin2 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wa Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - Yan-Xia Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - Ben Ke
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - Jia-Ke He
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - Na Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - A-Fei Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - Xiang-Dong Fang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - Wei-Ping Tu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Murthy SS, Narsaiah TB. Cytotoxic Effect of Bromelain on HepG2 Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 193:1873-1897. [PMID: 33735410 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03505-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a complicated long-term disease due to computable key molecular players involved in aggravating the disease. Among various kinds of cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the ninth leading cause of cancer. Recently, plant-based products are gaining a lot of attention in the field of research because of their anti-tumor properties. In our previous study, we reported based on in-silico method that bromelain, a cysteine protease extracted from the stem of the pineapple, has high binding affinity with the transcription factors p53 and β-catenin proteins which are key players in controlling the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma. Bromelain, isolated mainly from the stem of Pineapple (Ananas comosus), belongs to the family Bromeliaceae. The present study deals with preclinical analysis of bromelain as an anti-cancer agent and its intracellular effect on the expression of p53 and β-catenin protein. Our study reports cytotoxic activity, cell proliferation, migration, invasion, arrest in the S-phase, and G2/M phase in cell cycle analysis by treating with bromelain in HepG2 cell lines. We also report up-regulation of p53 protein by drug-induced impediment leading to apoptotic process in HepG2 cells and down-regulation of β-catenin protein in HepG2 cells which interferes in β-catenin/TCF-DNA interaction further, down-regulating Wnt genes and suppressing the canonical pathway. Finally, we conclude that bromelain inhibits tumorigenic potential in HepG2 cell lines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sushma S Murthy
- Department of Biotechnology, JNTUA College of Engineering, Ananthapuram, 515002, Andhra Pradesh, India.
| | - T Bala Narsaiah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, JNTUA College of Engineering, Ananthapuram, 515002, Andhra Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hu Y, Zhao M, Li L, Ding J, Gui YM, Wei TW. miR-491-3p is Downregulated in Retinoblastoma and Inhibit Tumor Cells Growth and Metastasis by Targeting SNN. Biochem Genet 2020; 59:453-474. [PMID: 33098307 PMCID: PMC7946698 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-020-10007-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Retinoblastoma (Rb) is the most common pediatric malignant tumor of the eyes. Previous studies demonstrated that miR-491-3p is downregulated in various cancers. However, its function in Rb remains unknown. A total of 15 pairs of primary Rb tissues and adjacent noncancerous tissues were collected. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to investigate the expression profiles of miR-491-3p. qRT-PCR, western blotting and in situ immunocytochemistry were performed to investigate the expression profiles of epithelial–mesenchymal transition-related proteins (E-cadherin, Vimentin and N-cadherin) in Rb tissues and Rb cell lines as well as cell morphology. Cell proliferation was estimated by MTS and colony formation assays. Apoptosis was determined by FACS, cell migration and invasion were analyzed using transwell chambers. MiR-491-3p’s target genes were predicted using target gene prediction databases. The interplay between miR-491-3p and SNN was evaluated through dual luciferase reporter gene assay. MiR-491-3p was significantly downregulated in mixed collection of 15 pairs of Rb tissues and Rb cell lines. Overexpression of miR-491-3p enhanced apoptosis, and significantly suppressed proliferation, migration and invasion of Rb cells. In contrast, the present of miR-491-3p inhibitor showed reversed results which apoptosis decreased, while cell proliferation of ARPE-19 cells increased. In addition, miR-491-3p increased the expression of E-cadherin, and dramatically decreased the expression of Vimentin and N-cadherin in Rb tissues and Rb cell lines, noticeable changes in morphology, too, as cells became less cohesive and more adhering. We found out that SNN was the pairing target of miR-491-3p and result showed that miR-491-3p and SNN interacted with each other. We also found out that the effects of miR-491-3p were in Rb cells were almost entirely canceled out at the overexpression of SNN. Our findings collectively suggest that miR-491-3p is an important tumor suppressor in Rb, which inhibits tumor growth and metastasis in Rb. These implicate it may be explored as a new therapeutic target in Rb.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Puren Hospital of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No.1 Benxi Road, Qingshan District, Wuhan, 430080, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Puren Hospital of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No.1 Benxi Road, Qingshan District, Wuhan, 430080, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Puren Hospital of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No.1 Benxi Road, Qingshan District, Wuhan, 430080, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Ding
- Department of Ophthalmology, Puren Hospital of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No.1 Benxi Road, Qingshan District, Wuhan, 430080, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Min Gui
- Department of Ophthalmology, Puren Hospital of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No.1 Benxi Road, Qingshan District, Wuhan, 430080, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Tan-Wei Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology, Puren Hospital of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No.1 Benxi Road, Qingshan District, Wuhan, 430080, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases contribute to 71% of the deaths worldwide, of which cancers rank second after cardiovascular diseases. Among all the cancers, head and neck cancers (HNC) are consequential in augmenting the global cancer incidence as well as mortality. Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are emphatic for the matter that they serve as biomarkers aiding the analysis of tumor progression and metastasis as well as diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic progression in the patients. The extensive researches on HNC have made significant furtherance in numerous targeted therapies, but for the escalating therapeutic resistance. This review explicates RTKs in HNC, their signaling pathways involved in tumorigenesis, metastasis and stemness induction, the association of non-coding RNAs with RTKs, an overview of RTK based therapy and associated resistance in HNC, as well as a sneak peek into the HPV positive HNC and its therapy. The review extrapolates the cardinal role of RTKs and RTK based therapy as superior to other existing therapeutic interventions for HNC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Revathy Nadhan
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
| | - Priya Srinivas
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum, Kerala, India.
| | - M Radhakrishna Pillai
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Jin X, Wu Y, Cui N, Jiang C, Li SS. Methylglyoxal-induced miR-223 suppresses rat vascular K ATP channel activity by downregulating Kir6.1 mRNA in carbonyl stress. Vascul Pharmacol 2020; 128-129:106666. [PMID: 32151743 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2020.106666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The vascular ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channel composed of Kir6.1 and SUR2B subunits regulates cellular activity by coupling intermediary metabolism to membrane excitability. Our previous studies have shown that both Kir6.1 and SUB2B are post-transcriptionally downregulated by methylglyoxal (MGO) which is a reactive carbonyl specie and can cause disruption of vascular tone regulation under diabetic conditions. We have shown that the SUB2B downregulation is mediated by the microRNA (miR) miR-9a, while the mechanism underlying Kir6.1 inhibition is still unclear. Studying the microRNA databases, we found that miR-223 has sequence similarities to the 3' untranslated sequence (3'UTR) of Kir6.1 mRNA suggesting their potential interactions. Therefore, we explored the role of miR-233 in KATP channel regulation by up/down-regulation of miR-223 in smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and mesenteric arterials. Quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis showed augmentation of miR-223 expression in the cultured SMCs after 300 μM MGO exposure by 5-6 folds. miR-223 overexpression down-regulated Kir6.1 mRNA levels by ~2.6 times while miR-223 knockdown diminished the effect of 300 μM MGO by ~50% in the SMCs. Luciferase assay and mutagenesis studies showed that the effect of miR-223 was abolished when the potential interaction site in the 3' UTR was mutated. Studies with Western blot, patch clamp, and perfused mesenteric arterial rings showed that transfection of miR-223 downregulated KATP protein expression, inhibited KATP channel activity and enhanced vasoconstriction. These results therefore suggest that miR-223 is induced by MGO exposure, which subsequently downregulates the Kir6.1 mRNA, suppresses KATP channel function, and impairs functional regulation of vascular tones. BACKGROUND Methylglyoxal causes transcriptional inhibition of the vascular KATP channel. RESULTS Exogenous miR-223 down-regulated Kir6.1. miR-223 knockdown alleviated the effect of MGO. CONCLUSION Vascular KATP channel is important for miR-223 targeting. SIGNIFICANCE Regulation of the miR-223 level may be a novel strategy for clinical treatment of diabetes.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- 3' Untranslated Regions
- Animals
- Binding Sites
- Cell Line
- Down-Regulation
- KATP Channels/genetics
- KATP Channels/metabolism
- Male
- Membrane Potentials
- Mesenteric Arteries/drug effects
- Mesenteric Arteries/metabolism
- Mesenteric Arteries/pathology
- Mesenteric Arteries/physiopathology
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/physiopathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Protein Carbonylation/drug effects
- Pyruvaldehyde/toxicity
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Vasoconstriction/drug effects
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jin
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; Department of Biology, Georgia State University, 50 Decatur Street, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Yang Wu
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, 50 Decatur Street, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ningren Cui
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, 50 Decatur Street, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Chun Jiang
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, 50 Decatur Street, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Shan-Shan Li
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; Department of Biology, Georgia State University, 50 Decatur Street, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Skrzypek K, Majka M. Interplay among SNAIL Transcription Factor, MicroRNAs, Long Non-Coding RNAs, and Circular RNAs in the Regulation of Tumor Growth and Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E209. [PMID: 31947678 PMCID: PMC7017348 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12010209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
SNAIL (SNAI1) is a zinc finger transcription factor that binds to E-box sequences and regulates the expression of genes. It usually acts as a gene repressor, but it may also activate the expression of genes. SNAIL plays a key role in the regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition, which is the main mechanism responsible for the progression and metastasis of epithelial tumors. Nevertheless, it also regulates different processes that are responsible for tumor growth, such as the activity of cancer stem cells, the control of cell metabolism, and the regulation of differentiation. Different proteins and microRNAs may regulate the SNAIL level, and SNAIL may be an important regulator of microRNA expression as well. The interplay among SNAIL, microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs is a key event in the regulation of tumor growth and metastasis. This review for the first time discusses different types of regulation between SNAIL and non-coding RNAs with a focus on feedback loops and the role of competitive RNA. Understanding these mechanisms may help develop novel therapeutic strategies against cancer based on microRNAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Skrzypek
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pediatrics, Department of Transplantation, Wielicka 265, 30-663 Cracow, Poland
| | - Marcin Majka
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pediatrics, Department of Transplantation, Wielicka 265, 30-663 Cracow, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bogedale K, Jagannathan V, Gerber V, Unger L. Differentially expressed microRNAs, including a large microRNA cluster on chromosome 24, are associated with equine sarcoid and squamous cell carcinoma. Vet Comp Oncol 2019; 17:155-164. [DOI: 10.1111/vco.12458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Bogedale
- Department of Clinical Veterinary MedicineSwiss Institute of Equine Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern and Agroscope Bern Switzerland
| | - Vidhya Jagannathan
- Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public HealthInstitute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Vinzenz Gerber
- Department of Clinical Veterinary MedicineSwiss Institute of Equine Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern and Agroscope Bern Switzerland
| | - Lucia Unger
- Department of Clinical Veterinary MedicineSwiss Institute of Equine Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern and Agroscope Bern Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Li J, Shen H, Xie H, Ying Y, Jin K, Yan H, Wang S, Xu M, Wang X, Xu X, Xie L. Dysregulation of ncRNAs located at the DLK1‑DIO3 imprinted domain: involvement in urological cancers. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:777-787. [PMID: 30697070 PMCID: PMC6339654 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s190764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic imprinting has been found to be involved in human physical development and several diseases. The DLK1-DIO3 imprinted domain is located on human chromosome 14 and contains paternally expressed protein-coding genes (DLK1, RTL1, DIO3) and numerous maternally expressed ncRNA genes (MEG3, MEG8, antisense RTL1, miRNAs, piRNAs, and snoRNAs). Emerging evidence has implicated that dysregulation of the DLK1-DIO3 imprinted domain especially the imprinted ncRNAs is critical for tumor progressions. Multiple miRNAs and lncRNAs have been investigated in urological cancers, of which several are transcribed from this domain. In this review, we present current data about the associated miRNAs, lncRNAs, and piRNAs and the regulation of differentially methylated regions methylation status in the progression of urological cancers and preliminarily propose certain concepts about the potential regulatory networks involved in DLK1-DIO3 imprinted domain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiangfeng Li
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China, ;
| | - Haixiang Shen
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China, ;
| | - Haiyun Xie
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China, ;
| | - Yufan Ying
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China, ;
| | - Ke Jin
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China, ;
| | - Huaqing Yan
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China, ;
| | - Song Wang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China, ;
| | - Mingjie Xu
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China, ;
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China, ;
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China, ;
| | - Liping Xie
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China, ;
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kumar AS, Rayala SK, Venkatraman G. Targeting IGF1R pathway in cancer with microRNAs: How close are we? RNA Biol 2018; 15:320-326. [PMID: 28613101 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2017.1338240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer of the head and neck are the most common cancers in India and account for 30% of all cancers. At molecular level, it could be attributed to the overexpression of growth factors like IGF1-R, EGFR, VEGF-R and deregulation of cell cycle regulators and tumor suppressors. IGF1-R is an emerging target in head and neck cancer treatment, because of its reported role in tumor development, progression and metastasis. IGF1R targeted agents are in advanced stages of clinical development. Nevertheless, these agents suffer from several disadvantages including acquired resistance and toxic side effects. Hence there is a need for developing newer agents targeting not only the receptor but also its downstream signaling. miRNAs are considered as master regulators of gene expression of multiple genes and has been widely reported to be a promising therapeutic strategy. This review discusses the present status of research in both these arenas and emphasizes the role of miRNA as a promising agent for biologic therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arathy S Kumar
- a Department of Biotechnology , Indian Institute of Technology, Madras (IIT M) , Chennai , India
| | - Suresh K Rayala
- a Department of Biotechnology , Indian Institute of Technology, Madras (IIT M) , Chennai , India
| | - Ganesh Venkatraman
- b Department of Human Genetics , College of Biomedical Sciences, Technology & Research, Sri Ramachandra University , Porur, Chennai , India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang X, Li P, Ding Z, Wang H, Wang J, Han L, Ding S. The putative tumor suppressor, miR-199a, regulated by Snail, modulates clear cell renal cell carcinoma aggressiveness by repressing ROCK1. Onco Targets Ther 2017; 11:103-112. [PMID: 29343969 PMCID: PMC5749572 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s147184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aberrant expression of miR-199a has been frequently reported in cancer studies; however, its role in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has not been examined in detail. Results Here, we showed that miR-199a was downregulated in RCC and associated with poor prognostic phenotype. Using luciferase and western blot assays we identified that Rho-associated coiled coil-containing protein kinases 1 (ROCK1) was a direct target gene for miR-199a. miR-199a regulated proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) cells by modulating ROCK1 expression. Interestingly, we also found that miR-199a was modulated by snail in ccRCC cells. Snail elevated ROCK1 expression by repressing miR-199a activity. Conclusion Altogether, our results identify a crucial tumor suppressive role of miR-199a in the progression of ccRCC and suggest that miR-199a might be an anticancer therapeutic target for ccRCC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong
| | - Zhen Ding
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong
| | - Huili Wang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong
| | - Junye Wang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong
| | - Lei Han
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong
| | - Shangwei Ding
- Department of Ultrasound, Dongguan People's Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Li J, Meng S, Xu M, Wang S, He L, Xu X, Wang X, Xie L. Downregulation of N 6-methyladenosine binding YTHDF2 protein mediated by miR-493-3p suppresses prostate cancer by elevating N 6-methyladenosine levels. Oncotarget 2017; 9:3752-3764. [PMID: 29423080 PMCID: PMC5790497 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that m6A modifications regulate the progressions of several types of tumors. YTHDF2, an m6A reader, has been implicated in the regulation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). miR-493-3p has been defined as tumor suppressor that inhibits the progressions of several types of cancers. However, the functions and mechanisms of YTHDF2 and the indirect m6A regulated role of miR-493-3p in prostate cancer (PCa) remains to be elusive. In this study, immuno-histochemical (IHC) staining and chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) were performed to find YTHDF2 was frequently upregulated but miR-493-3p was downregulated in both PCa tissues and cell lines (DU-145 and PC3) which was negatively correlated with each other. Knock down of YTHDF2 significantly elevated m6A levels, and inhibited the cell proliferation and migration of DU-145 and PC3 cell lines. The dual-luciferase reporter assay confirmed YTHDF2 as the direct target of miR-493-3p. In addition, forced expression of miR-493-3p consistently elevated the m6A levels and inhibited proliferation and migration with the knock down of YTHDF2. In contrast, overexpression of YTHDF2 and inhibition of miR-493-3p conversely reduced m6A levels. Additionally, the rescue experiments revealed that inhibition of miR-493-3p abrogated the suppression of proliferation and migration induced by si-YTHDF2. To conclude, YTHDF2 and miR-493-3p, as two crucial m6A regulators, are involved in the progression of PCa by indirectly modulating m6A levels. In view of these promising results, YTHDF2 and miR-493-3p may provide new insights into the carcinogenesis and new potential therapeutic targets for PCa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiangfeng Li
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shuai Meng
- Department of Urology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Mingjie Xu
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Song Wang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Liujia He
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Liping Xie
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
c-Met, CREB1 and EGFR are involved in miR-493-5p inhibition of EMT via AKT/GSK-3β/Snail signaling in prostate cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:82303-82313. [PMID: 29137265 PMCID: PMC5669891 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
miR-493-5p downregulation has emerged as a critical player in cancer progression yet, the underlying mechanisms of miR-493-5p expression pattern and its function in prostate cancer remains to be elucidated. Here, we illustrate that miR-493-5p is frequently downregulated in prostate cancer, at least partially due to altered DNA methylation. miR-493-5p functions as a tumor suppressor in prostate cancer cells. c-Met, CREB1 and EGFR are downstream target genes of miR-493-5p. miR-493-5p inhibits EMT via AKT/GSK-3β/Snail signaling in prostate cancer. Taken together, our study identified c-Met, CREB1, EGFR and miR-493-5p establish a regulatory loop in prostate cancer, which could prove useful in the development of effective and therapies against prostate cancer.
Collapse
|