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Peng ZT, Hu R, Fu JY. Sulforaphane suppresses cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in glioma via the ACTL6A/PGK1 axis. Toxicol Mech Methods 2024; 34:507-516. [PMID: 38221767 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2024.2306375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the expression and biological functions of ACTL6A in glioma cells (U251), the effects of sulforaphane on the growth of U251 cells and the involvement of the ACTL6A/PGK1 pathway in those effects. The U251 cell line was transfected with ACTL6A over-expression plasmids to upregulate the protein, or with ACTL6A inhibitor to underexpress it, then treated with different concentrations of sulforaphane. Cell viability, proliferation, and apoptosis were assessed using standard assays, and levels of mRNAs encoding ACTL6A, PGK1, cyclin D1, Myc, Bax or Bcl-2 were measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). ACTL6A and PGK1 were expressed at higher levels in glioma cell lines than in normal HEB cells. ACTL6A overexpression upregulated PGK1, whereas ACTL6A inhibition had the opposite effect. ACTL6A overexpression induced proliferation, whereas its inhibition repressed proliferation, enhanced apoptosis, and halted the cell cycle. Moreover, sulforaphane suppressed the growth of U251 cells by inactivating the ACTL6A/PGK1 axis. ACTL6A acts via PGK1 to play a critical role in glioma cell survival and proliferation, and sulforaphane targets it to inhibit glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Tan Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Pathogenesis and Intervention, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Huangshi Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Medicine, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Pathogenesis and Intervention, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Huangshi Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Medicine, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Yu Fu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Pathogenesis and Intervention, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Huangshi Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Medicine, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Hubei, People's Republic of China
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2
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Liu F, Liao Z, Zhang Z. MYC in liver cancer: mechanisms and targeted therapy opportunities. Oncogene 2023; 42:3303-3318. [PMID: 37833558 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02861-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
MYC, a major oncogenic transcription factor, regulates target genes involved in various pathways such as cell proliferation, metabolism and immune evasion, playing a critical role in the tumor initiation and development in multiple types of cancer. In liver cancer, MYC and its signaling pathways undergo significant changes, exerting a profound impact on liver cancer progression, including tumor proliferation, metastasis, dedifferentiation, metabolism, immune microenvironment, and resistance to comprehensive therapies. This makes MYC an appealing target, despite it being previously considered an undruggable protein. In this review, we discuss the role and mechanisms of MYC in liver physiology, chronic liver diseases, hepatocarcinogenesis, and liver cancer progression, providing a theoretical basis for targeting MYC as an ideal therapeutic target for liver cancer. We also summarize and prospect the strategies for targeting MYC, including direct and indirect approaches to abolish the oncogenic function of MYC in liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furong Liu
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhibin Liao
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhanguo Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China.
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Liu F, Liao Z, Qin L, Zhang Z, Zhang Q, Han S, Zeng W, Zhang H, Liu Y, Song J, Chen W, Zhu H, Liang H, Chen X, Zhang B, Zhang Z. Targeting VPS72 inhibits ACTL6A/MYC axis activity in HCC progression. Hepatology 2023; 78:1384-1401. [PMID: 36631007 PMCID: PMC10581431 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS HCC is a highly heterogeneous disease that is caused largely by genomic copy number variations. Herein, the mechanistic and therapeutically targeted role of vacuolar protein sorting 72 homologue (VPS72), a novel copy number variation cis-driven gained gene identified by genome-wide copy number variation and transcriptome analyses in HCC, is not well understood. APPROACH AND RESULTS First, overexpression of VPS72 enhanced the initiation and progression of HCC in vitro and in vivo . Mechanistically, VPS72 interacted with the oncoproteins MYC and actin-like 6A (ACTL6A) and promoted the formation of the ACTL6A/MYC complex. Furthermore, ACTL6A regulated VPS72 protein stability by weakening the interaction between tripartite motif containing 21 (TRIM21) and VPS72. Thus, the interaction between VPS72 and ACTL6A enhanced the affinity of MYC for its target gene promoters and promoted their transcription, thereby contributing to HCC progression, which was inhibited by adeno-associated virus serotype 8 (AAV8)-mediated short hairpin RNA (shRNA) against VPS72. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals the molecular mechanism of ACTL6A/VPS72/MYC in HCC, providing a theoretical basis and therapeutic target for this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furong Liu
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhibin Liao
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lu Qin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ze Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qiaofeng Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shenqi Han
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Weifeng Zeng
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yachong Liu
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jia Song
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - He Zhu
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Huifang Liang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bixiang Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhanguo Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Yang Z, Zou S, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Zhang P, Xiao L, Xie Y, Meng M, Feng J, Kang L, Lee MH, Fang L. ACTL6A protects gastric cancer cells against ferroptosis through induction of glutathione synthesis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4193. [PMID: 37443154 PMCID: PMC10345109 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39901-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC), one of the most common malignant tumors in the world, exhibits a rapid metastasis rate and causes high mortality. Diagnostic markers and potential therapeutic targets for GCs are urgently needed. Here we show that Actin-like protein 6 A (ACTL6A), encoding an SWI/SNF subunit, is highly expressed in GCs. ACTL6A is found to be critical for regulating the glutathione (GSH) metabolism pathway because it upregulates γ-glutamyl-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC) expression, thereby reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and inhibiting ferroptosis, a regulated form of cell death driven by the accumulation of lipid-based ROS. Mechanistic studies show that ACTL6A upregulates GCLC as a cotranscription factor with Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NRF2) and that the hydrophobic region of ACTL6A plays an important role. Our data highlight the oncogenic role of ACTL6A in GCs and indicate that inhibition of ACTL6A or GCLC could be a potential treatment strategy for GCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqing Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Guangdong Research Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Shaomin Zou
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Guangdong Research Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Yijing Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Guangdong Research Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Jieping Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Guangdong Research Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Guangdong Research Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Lishi Xiao
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Guangdong Research Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Yunling Xie
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Guangdong Research Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Manqi Meng
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Guangdong Research Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Junyan Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Guangdong Research Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Liang Kang
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
| | - Mong-Hong Lee
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
- Guangdong Research Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
| | - Lekun Fang
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
- Guangdong Research Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
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Li Z, Kim H, Kim J, Park JH. EP400NL is involved in PD-L1 gene activation by forming a transcriptional coactivator complex. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2023; 1866:194889. [PMID: 36328277 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2022.194889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
EP400 is an ATP-dependent chromatin remodelling enzyme that regulates DNA double-strand break repair and transcription, including cMyc-dependent gene expression. We previously showed that the N-terminal domain of EP400 increases the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs against cancer cells. As the EP400 N-terminal-Like (EP400NL) gene resides next to the EP400 gene locus, this prompted us to investigate whether EP400NL plays a similar role in transcriptional regulation to the full-length EP400 protein. We found that EP400NL forms a human NuA4-like chromatin remodelling complex that lacks both the TIP60 histone acetyltransferase and EP400 ATPase. However, this EP400NL complex displays H2A.Z deposition activity on a chromatin template comparable to the human NuA4 complex, suggesting another associated ATPase such as BRG1 or RuvBL1/RuvBL2 catalyses the reaction. We demonstrated that the transcriptional coactivator function of EP400NL is required for serum and IFNγ-induced PD-L1 gene activation. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis indicates that EP400NL contributes to cMyc-responsive mitochondrial biogenesis. Taken together, our studies show that EP400NL plays a role as a transcription coactivator of PD-L1 gene regulation and provides a potential target to modulate cMyc functions in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zidong Li
- School of Natural Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Hyoungmin Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, South Korea.
| | - Jaehoon Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, South Korea.
| | - Jeong Hyeon Park
- School of Natural Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
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Li W, Yuan J. Targeting RIPK1 kinase for modulating inflammation in human diseases. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1159743. [PMID: 36969188 PMCID: PMC10030951 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1159743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Receptor-Interacting Serine/Threonine-Protein Kinase 1 (RIPK1) is a master regulator of TNFR1 signaling in controlling cell death and survival. While the scaffold of RIPK1 participates in the canonical NF-κB pathway, the activation of RIPK1 kinase promotes not only necroptosis and apoptosis, but also inflammation by mediating the transcriptional induction of inflammatory cytokines. The nuclear translocation of activated RIPK1 has been shown to interact BAF-complex to promote chromatin remodeling and transcription. This review will highlight the proinflammatory role of RIPK1 kinase with focus on human neurodegenerative diseases. We will discuss the possibility of targeting RIPK1 kinase for the treatment of inflammatory pathology in human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanjin Li
- *Correspondence: Wanjin Li, ; Junying Yuan,
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Feoktistov AV, Georgieva SG, Soshnikova NV. Role of the SWI/SNF Chromatin Remodeling Complex in Regulation of Inflammation Gene Expression. Mol Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893322020054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Rechberger JS, Nesvick CL, Daniels DJ. Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor (ATRT): disease mechanisms and potential drug targets. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2022; 26:187-192. [PMID: 35142587 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2022.2040017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julian S Rechberger
- Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Rochester, MN, United States.,Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Cody L Nesvick
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - David J Daniels
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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9
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Rowland ME, Jajarmi JM, Osborne TSM, Ciernia AV. Insights Into the Emerging Role of Baf53b in Autism Spectrum Disorder. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:805158. [PMID: 35185468 PMCID: PMC8852769 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.805158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Accurate and precise regulation of gene expression is necessary to ensure proper brain development and plasticity across the lifespan. As an ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling complex, the BAF (Brg1 Associated Factor) complex can alter histone-DNA interactions, facilitating dynamic changes in gene expression by controlling DNA accessibility to the transcriptional machinery. Mutations in 12 of the potential 29 subunit genes that compose the BAF nucleosome remodeling complex have been identified in several developmental disorders including Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and intellectual disability. A novel, neuronal version of BAF (nBAF) has emerged as promising candidate in the development of ASD as its expression is tied to neuron differentiation and it’s hypothesized to coordinate expression of synaptic genes across brain development. Recently, mutations in BAF53B, one of the neuron specific subunits of the nBAF complex, have been identified in patients with ASD and Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy-76 (DEE76), indicating BAF53B is essential for proper brain development. Recent work in cultured neurons derived from patients with BAF53B mutations suggests links between loss of nBAF function and neuronal dendritic spine formation. Deletion of one or both copies of mouse Baf53b disrupts dendritic spine development, alters actin dynamics and results in fewer synapses in vitro. In the mouse, heterozygous loss of Baf53b severely impacts synaptic plasticity and long-term memory that is reversible with reintroduction of Baf53b or manipulations of the synaptic plasticity machinery. Furthermore, surviving Baf53b-null mice display ASD-related behaviors, including social impairments and repetitive behaviors. This review summarizes the emerging evidence linking deleterious variants of BAF53B identified in human neurodevelopmental disorders to abnormal transcriptional regulation that produces aberrant synapse development and behavior.
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10
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Wright RHG, Vastolo V, Oliete JQ, Carbonell-Caballero J, Beato M. Global signalling network analysis of luminal T47D breast cancer cells in response to progesterone. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:888802. [PMID: 36034422 PMCID: PMC9403329 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.888802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer cells enter into the cell cycle following progestin exposure by the activation of signalling cascades involving a plethora of enzymes, transcription factors and co-factors that transmit the external signal from the cell membrane to chromatin, ultimately leading to a change of the gene expression program. Although many of the events within the signalling network have been described in isolation, how they globally team up to generate the final cell response is unclear. METHODS In this study we used antibody microarrays and phosphoproteomics to reveal a dynamic global signalling map that reveals new key regulated proteins and phosphor-sites and links between previously known and novel pathways. T47D breast cancer cells were used, and phospho-sites and pathways highlighted were validated using specific antibodies and phenotypic assays. Bioinformatic analysis revealed an enrichment in novel signalling pathways, a coordinated response between cellular compartments and protein complexes. RESULTS Detailed analysis of the data revealed intriguing changes in protein complexes involved in nuclear structure, epithelial to mesenchyme transition (EMT), cell adhesion, as well as transcription factors previously not associated with breast cancer cell proliferation. Pathway analysis confirmed the key role of the MAPK signalling cascade following progesterone and additional hormone regulated phospho-sites were identified. Full network analysis shows the activation of new signalling pathways previously not associated with progesterone signalling in T47D breast cancer cells such as ERBB and TRK. As different post-translational modifications can mediate complex crosstalk mechanisms and massive PARylation is also rapidly induced by progestins, we provide details of important chromatin regulatory complexes containing both phosphorylated and PARylated proteins. CONCLUSIONS This study contributes an important resource for the scientific community, as it identifies novel players and connections meaningful for breast cancer cell biology and potentially relevant for cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roni H. G. Wright
- Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
- Basic Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- *Correspondence: Roni H. G. Wright, ; Miguel Beato,
| | - Viviana Vastolo
- Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Quilez Oliete
- Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Carbonell-Caballero
- Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Beato
- Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- *Correspondence: Roni H. G. Wright, ; Miguel Beato,
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11
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Venkatraman DL, Pulimamidi D, Shukla HG, Hegde SR. Tumor relevant protein functional interactions identified using bipartite graph analyses. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21530. [PMID: 34728699 PMCID: PMC8563864 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00879-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
An increased surge of -omics data for the diseases such as cancer allows for deriving insights into the affiliated protein interactions. We used bipartite network principles to build protein functional associations of the differentially regulated genes in 18 cancer types. This approach allowed us to combine expression data to functional associations in many cancers simultaneously. Further, graph centrality measures suggested the importance of upregulated genes such as BIRC5, UBE2C, BUB1B, KIF20A and PTH1R in cancer. Pathway analysis of the high centrality network nodes suggested the importance of the upregulation of cell cycle and replication associated proteins in cancer. Some of the downregulated high centrality proteins include actins, myosins and ATPase subunits. Among the transcription factors, mini-chromosome maintenance proteins (MCMs) and E2F family proteins appeared prominently in regulating many differentially regulated genes. The projected unipartite networks of the up and downregulated genes were comprised of 37,411 and 41,756 interactions, respectively. The conclusions obtained by collating these interactions revealed pan-cancer as well as subtype specific protein complexes and clusters. Therefore, we demonstrate that incorporating expression data from multiple cancers into bipartite graphs validates existing cancer associated mechanisms as well as directs to novel interactions and pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Deepshika Pulimamidi
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology (IBAB), Bengaluru, 560 100, India
| | - Harsh G Shukla
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology (IBAB), Bengaluru, 560 100, India
| | - Shubhada R Hegde
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology (IBAB), Bengaluru, 560 100, India.
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12
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Identification of pimavanserin tartrate as a potent Ca 2+-calcineurin-NFAT pathway inhibitor for glioblastoma therapy. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:1860-1874. [PMID: 34363007 PMCID: PMC8563877 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00724-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and malignant type of primary brain tumor, and 95% of patients die within 2 years after diagnosis. In this study, aiming to overcome chemoresistance to the first-line drug temozolomide (TMZ), we carried out research to discover a novel alternative drug targeting the oncogenic NFAT signaling pathway for GBM therapy. To accelerate the drug's clinical application, we took advantage of a drug repurposing strategy to identify novel NFAT signaling pathway inhibitors. After screening a set of 93 FDA-approved drugs with simple structures, we identified pimavanserin tartrate (PIM), an effective 5-HT2A receptor inverse agonist used for the treatment of Parkinson's disease-associated psychiatric symptoms, as having the most potent inhibitory activity against the NFAT signaling pathway. Further study revealed that PIM suppressed STIM1 puncta formation to inhibit store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) and subsequent NFAT activity. In cellula, PIM significantly suppressed the proliferation, migration, division, and motility of U87 glioblastoma cells, induced G1/S phase arrest and promoted apoptosis. In vivo, the growth of subcutaneous and orthotopic glioblastoma xenografts was markedly suppressed by PIM. Unbiased omics studies revealed the novel molecular mechanism of PIM's antitumor activity, which included suppression of the ATR/CDK2/E2F axis, MYC, and AuroraA/B signaling. Interestingly, the genes upregulated by PIM were largely associated with cholesterol homeostasis, which may contribute to PIM's side effects and should be given more attention. Our study identified store-operated calcium channels as novel targets of PIM and was the first to systematically highlight the therapeutic potential of pimavanserin tartrate for glioblastoma.
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ACTL6A suppresses p21 Cip1 tumor suppressor expression to maintain an aggressive mesothelioma cancer cell phenotype. Oncogenesis 2021; 10:70. [PMID: 34689163 PMCID: PMC8542039 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-021-00362-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesothelioma is a poor prognosis cancer of the mesothelial lining that develops in response to exposure to various agents including asbestos. Actin-Like Protein 6A (ACTL6A, BAF53a) is a SWI/SNF regulatory complex protein that is elevated in cancer cells and has been implicated as a driver of cancer cell survival and tumor formation. In the present study, we show that ACTL6A drives mesothelioma cancer cell proliferation, spheroid formation, invasion, and migration, and that these activities are markedly attenuated by ACTL6A knockdown. ACTL6A expression reduces the levels of the p21Cip1 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor and tumor suppressor protein. DNA binding studies show that ACTL6A interacts with Sp1 and p53 binding DNA response elements in the p21Cip1 gene promoter and that this is associated with reduced p21Cip1 promoter activity and p21Cip1 mRNA and protein levels. Moreover, ACTL6A suppression of p21Cip1 expression is required for maintenance of the aggressive mesothelioma cancer cell phenotype suggesting that p21Cip1 is a mediator of ACTL6A action. p53, a known inducer of p21Cip1 expression, is involved ACTL6A in regulation of p21Cip1 in some but not all mesothelioma cells. In addition, ACTL6A knockout markedly reduces tumor formation and this is associated with elevated tumor levels of p21Cip1. These findings suggest that ACTL6A suppresses p21Cip1 promoter activity to reduce p21Cip1 protein as a mechanism to maintain the aggressive mesothelioma cell phenotype.
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14
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Soshnikova N, Tatarskiy E, Tatarskiy V, Klimenko N, Shtil AA, Nikiforov M, Georgieva S. PHF10 subunit of PBAF complex mediates transcriptional activation by MYC. Oncogene 2021; 40:6071-6080. [PMID: 34465901 PMCID: PMC8863208 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01994-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The PBAF complex, a member of SWI/SNF family of chromatin remodelers, plays an essential role in transcriptional regulation. We revealed a disease progression associated elevation of PHF10 subunit of PBAF in clinical melanoma samples. In melanoma cell lines, PHF10 interacts with MYC and facilitates the recruitment of PBAF complex to target gene promoters, therefore, augmenting MYC transcriptional activation of genes involved in the cell cycle progression. Depletion of either PHF10 or MYC induced G1 accumulation and a senescence-like phenotype. Our data identify PHF10 as a pro-oncogenic mechanism and an essential novel link between chromatin remodeling and MYC-dependent gene transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- N.V. Soshnikova
- Department of Eukaryotic Transcription Factors, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov Street, Moscow 119334, Russia,Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 32 Vavilov Street, Moscow 119991, Russia,Corresponding authors: (N.V.Soshnikova); (S.G.Georgieva)
| | - E.V. Tatarskiy
- Department of Eukaryotic Transcription Factors, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov Street, Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - V.V. Tatarskiy
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncobiology, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov Street, Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - N.S. Klimenko
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov Street, Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - A. A. Shtil
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncobiology, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov Street, Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - M.A. Nikiforov
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University, Medical Center Drive, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
| | - S.G. Georgieva
- Department of Eukaryotic Transcription Factors, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov Street, Moscow 119334, Russia,Department of Transcription Factors, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 32 Vavilov Street, Moscow 119991, Russia,Corresponding authors: (N.V.Soshnikova); (S.G.Georgieva)
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15
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Wang Q, Cao Z, Wei Y, Zhang J, Cheng Z. Potential Role of SWI/SNF Complex Subunit Actin-Like Protein 6A in Cervical Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:724832. [PMID: 34395295 PMCID: PMC8358818 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.724832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
SWI/SNF complex subunit Actin-like protein 6A (ACTL6A) has been regarded as an oncogene, regulating the proliferation, migration and invasion of cancer cells. However, the expression pattern and biological role of ACTL6A in cervical cancer have not been reported. In this study, the mRNA expression and protein level of ACTL6A in cervical cancer samples were determined by public database and immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis. The effects of ACTL6A on cervical cancer cells were investigated via MTT, colony-formation assay, tumor xenografts and flow cytometry. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to explore the potential mechanism of ACTL6A in regulating tumorigenesis of cervical cancer. The results revealed that ACTL6A was markedly upregulated in cervical cancer tissues. Silencing ACTL6A expression resulted in decreased cervical cancer cell proliferation, colony formation and tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we demonstrated that knockdown of ACTL6A induced cell cycle arrest at G1 phase, ACTL6A-mediated proliferation and cell cycle progression were c-Myc dependent. Our study provides the role of ACTL6A in cervical oncogenesis and reveals a potential target for therapeutic intervention in this cancer type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingying Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zuozeng Cao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xinhua Hospital Chongming Branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingze Wei
- Department of Pathology, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, China
| | - Jiawen Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongping Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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16
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Actin-like protein 6A/MYC/CDK2 axis confers high proliferative activity in triple-negative breast cancer. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:56. [PMID: 33541412 PMCID: PMC7863242 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-01856-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer with high proliferative activity. TNBC tumors exhibit elevated MYC expression and altered expression of MYC regulatory genes, which are associated with tumor progression and poor prognosis; however, the underlying mechanisms by which MYC retains its high expression and mediates TNBC tumorigenesis require further exploration. Methods ACTL6A regulation of MYC and its target gene, CDK2, was defined using Co-IP, mass spectrometry and ChIP assays. To study the role of ACTL6A in TNBC, we performed soft-agar, colony formation, flow cytometry and tumor formation in nude mice. CDK2 inhibitor and paclitaxel were used in testing combination therapy in vitro and in vivo. Results ACTL6A bound MYC to suppress glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β)-induced phosphorylation on MYC T58, which inhibited ubiquitination of MYC and stabilized it. Moreover, ACTL6A promoted the recruitment of MYC and histone acetyltransferase KAT5 on CDK2 promoters, leading to hyperactivation of CDK2 transcription. ACTL6A overexpression promoted, while silencing ACTL6A suppressed cell proliferation and tumor growth in TNBC cells in vitro and in vivo, which was dependent on MYC signaling. Furthermore, co-therapy with paclitaxel and CDK2 inhibitor showed synergistic effects in tumor suppression. Notably, ACTL6A/MYC/CDK2 axis was specifically up-regulated in TNBC and high expression of ACTL6A was correlated to shorter survival in patients with TNBC. Conclusions These findings reveal a novel mechanism by which ACTL6A prolongs the retention of MYC in TNBC and suggest that pharmacological targeting ACTL6A/MYC/CDK2 axis might have therapeutic potential in patients with TNBC. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-021-01856-3.
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17
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Li RZ, Li YY, Qin H, Li SS. ACTL6A Promotes the Proliferation of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells and Correlates with Poor Clinical Outcomes. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:199-211. [PMID: 33469301 PMCID: PMC7812043 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s288807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background ACTL6A, a regulatory subunit of ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling complexes SWI/SNF, has been identified as a central oncogenic driver in many tumor types. Materials and Methods We used immunohistochemistry (IHC) to detect ACTL6A expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) tissues. Then, the effect of ACTL6A on proliferation and DNA synthesis was explored by using cell counting kit 8 (CCK8) and EdU retention assays. The potential oncogenic mechanism of ACTL6A in ESCC cells was also analyzed by flow cytometry and Western blotting. We further established an ESCC xenograft mouse model to validate the in vitro results. Results ACTL6A expression, localized in cancer cell nuclei, was markedly higher in ESCC tissues than in the corresponding noncancerous tissues (P<0.001) and was positively associated with tumor size, histological differentiation, T stage and tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage. Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed that high ACTL6A expression was significantly associated with poor overall survival (OS) (P = 0.008, HR= 2.562, 95% CI: 1.241–5.289), and decision curve analysis (DCA) demonstrated that ACTL6A could increase the clinical prognostic efficiency of the original clinical prediction model. Further in vitro experiments showed that ACTL6A knockdown led to inhibition of cell proliferation and DNA synthesis in ESCC cell lines, while overexpression of ACTL6A had the opposite effects. ACTL6A knockdown resulted in G1 phase arrest, with downregulation of cyclin D1, CDK2 and S6K1/pS6 pathway proteins and upregulation of p21 and p27, while overexpression of ACTL6A facilitated the entry of more cells into S phase with upregulated cyclin D1, CDK2 and S6K1/pS6 pathway proteins and downregulated p21 and p27. Finally, a xenograft mouse model of ESCC cells validated the results in vitro. Conclusion ACTL6A expression may affect the proliferation and DNA synthesis of ESCC cells by facilitating ESCC cell cycle redistribution via the S6K1/pS6 pathway. Therefore, ACTL6A may potentially become an alternative therapeutic target for ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Zhe Li
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University and First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Yun Li
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University and First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, People's Republic of China.,Department of Stomatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Qin
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University and First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan-Shan Li
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University and First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, People's Republic of China
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18
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DeCaprio JA. Molecular Pathogenesis of Merkel Cell Carcinoma. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY-MECHANISMS OF DISEASE 2020; 16:69-91. [PMID: 33228463 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathmechdis-012419-032817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an aggressive neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin with two distinct etiologies. Clonal integration of Merkel cell polyomavirus DNA into the tumor genome with persistent expression of viral T antigens causes at least 60% of all MCC. UV damage leading to highly mutated genomes causes a nonviral form of MCC. Despite these distinct etiologies, both forms of MCC are similar in presentation, prognosis, and response to therapy. At least three oncogenic transcriptional programs feature prominently in both forms of MCC driven by the virus or by mutation. Both forms of MCC have a high proliferative growth rate with increased levels of cell cycle-dependent genes due to inactivation of the tumor suppressors RB and p53, a strong MYC signature due to MYCL activation by the virus or gene amplification, and an attenuated neuroendocrine differentiation program driven by the ATOH1 transcription factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A DeCaprio
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA; .,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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19
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Innis SM, Cabot B. GBAF, a small BAF sub-complex with big implications: a systematic review. Epigenetics Chromatin 2020; 13:48. [PMID: 33143733 PMCID: PMC7607862 DOI: 10.1186/s13072-020-00370-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling by histone-modifying enzymes and chromatin remodeling complexes is crucial for maintaining chromatin organization and facilitating gene transcription. In the SWI/SNF family of ATP-dependent chromatin remodelers, distinct complexes such as BAF, PBAF, GBAF, esBAF and npBAF/nBAF are of particular interest regarding their implications in cellular differentiation and development, as well as in various diseases. The recently identified BAF subcomplex GBAF is no exception to this, and information is emerging linking this complex and its components to crucial events in mammalian development. Furthermore, given the essential nature of many of its subunits in maintaining effective chromatin remodeling function, it comes as no surprise that aberrant expression of GBAF complex components is associated with disease development, including neurodevelopmental disorders and numerous malignancies. It becomes clear that building upon our knowledge of GBAF and BAF complex function will be essential for advancements in both mammalian reproductive applications and the development of more effective therapeutic interventions and strategies. Here, we review the roles of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling subcomplex GBAF and its subunits in mammalian development and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Innis
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Birgit Cabot
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
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Yi M, Tan Y, Wang L, Cai J, Li X, Zeng Z, Xiong W, Li G, Li X, Tan P, Xiang B. TP63 links chromatin remodeling and enhancer reprogramming to epidermal differentiation and squamous cell carcinoma development. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:4325-4346. [PMID: 32447427 PMCID: PMC7588389 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03539-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is an aggressive malignancy that can originate from various organs. TP63 is a master regulator that plays an essential role in epidermal differentiation. It is also a lineage-dependent oncogene in SCC. ΔNp63α is the prominent isoform of TP63 expressed in epidermal cells and SCC, and overexpression promotes SCC development through a variety of mechanisms. Recently, ΔNp63α was highlighted to act as an epidermal-specific pioneer factor that binds closed chromatin and enhances chromatin accessibility at epidermal enhancers. ΔNp63α coordinates chromatin-remodeling enzymes to orchestrate the tissue-specific enhancer landscape and three-dimensional high-order architecture of chromatin. Moreover, ΔNp63α establishes squamous-like enhancer landscapes to drive oncogenic target expression during SCC development. Importantly, ΔNp63α acts as an upstream regulator of super enhancers to activate a number of oncogenic transcripts linked to poor prognosis in SCC. Mechanistically, ΔNp63α activates genes transcription through physically interacting with a number of epigenetic modulators to establish enhancers and enhance chromatin accessibility. In contrast, ΔNp63α also represses gene transcription via interacting with repressive epigenetic regulators. ΔNp63α expression is regulated at multiple levels, including transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational levels. In this review, we summarize recent advances of p63 in epigenomic and transcriptional control, as well as the mechanistic regulation of p63.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Yi
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Provincial Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Yixin Tan
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, The Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Cai
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Provincial Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Provincial Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Provincial Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Provincial Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Guiyuan Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Provincial Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Xiayu Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
| | - Pingqing Tan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Provincial Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Provincial Cancer Hospital and Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
| | - Bo Xiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Provincial Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
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Actin-like 6A enhances the proliferative and invasive capacities of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma by potentiating the activation of YAP signaling. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2020; 52:453-463. [DOI: 10.1007/s10863-020-09855-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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The Emerging Role of ATP-Dependent Chromatin Remodeling in Memory and Substance Use Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186816. [PMID: 32957495 PMCID: PMC7555352 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-term memory formation requires coordinated regulation of gene expression and persistent changes in cell function. For decades, research has implicated histone modifications in regulating chromatin compaction necessary for experience-dependent changes to gene expression and cell function during memory formation. Recent evidence suggests that another epigenetic mechanism, ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling, works in concert with the histone-modifying enzymes to produce large-scale changes to chromatin structure. This review examines how histone-modifying enzymes and chromatin remodelers restructure chromatin to facilitate memory formation. We highlight the emerging evidence implicating ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling as an essential mechanism that mediates activity-dependent gene expression, plasticity, and cell function in developing and adult brains. Finally, we discuss how studies that target chromatin remodelers have expanded our understanding of the role that these complexes play in substance use disorders.
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ACTL6A suppresses p21 Cip1 expression to enhance the epidermal squamous cell carcinoma phenotype. Oncogene 2020; 39:5855-5866. [PMID: 32616890 PMCID: PMC7483332 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1371-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Epidermal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a common and highly invasive form of cancer. SCC arises due to ultraviolet light exposure and is associated with increased expression of pro-cancer genes and reduced expression of cancer suppressors. Actin-Like Protein 6A (ACTL6A, BAF53a) is an important protein subunit of the SWI/SNF epigenetic chromatin regulatory complex. ACTL6A is elevated in cancer cells and has been implicated as a driver of cancer cell proliferation and tumor growth. In the present study, we show that ACTL6A drives SCC cell proliferation, spheroid formation, invasion and migration, and that these activities are markedly reduced by ACTL6A knockdown. We further show that ACTL6A expression is associated with reduced levels of the p21Cip1 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor and tumor suppressor protein. Molecular studies show that ACTL6A interacts with p53 DNA response elements in the p21Cip1 gene promoter to suppress p21Cip1 promoter activity and mRNA and protein level. Additional studies show that an increase in p21Cip1 expression in ACTL6A knockdown cells is required for suppression of the SCC cell phenotype, suggesting that p21Cip1 is a mediator of ACTL6A action. We further show that this regulation is p53 independent. These findings suggest that ACTL6A suppresses p21Cip1 promoter activity to reduce p21Cip1 protein as a mechanism to maintain the aggressive epidermal SCC phenotype.
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Zhao J, Li L, Yang T. MiR-216a-3p suppresses the proliferation and invasion of cervical cancer through downregulation of ACTL6A-mediated YAP signaling. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:9718-9728. [PMID: 32401366 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The tumor-suppressive role of microRNA-216a-3p (miR-216a-3p) has been evidenced in multiple tumors. Yet, the relevance of miR-216a-3p in cervical cancer remains undermined. The current study was designed to determine the expression and potential function of miR-216a-3p in cervical cancer. Expression of miR-216a-3p was markedly decreased in cervical cancer and functional assays revealed an inhibitory effect of miR-216a-3p on the proliferation, colony formation, and invasion of cervical cancer. Actin-like 6A (ACTL6A) was identified as a target gene of miR-216a-3p. Elevated ACTL6A expression was detected in cervical cancer, and ACTL6A inhibition exhibited a tumor-suppressive effect. ACTL6A inhibition increased yes-associated protein (YAP) phosphorylation and downregulated YAP-mediated transcriptional activity. ACTL6A restoration or YAP reactivation partially abrogated the miR-216a-3p-mediated antitumor effect in cervical cancer cells. Taken together, these data demonstrate that miR-216a-3p acts as a potential tumor-suppressive miRNA in cervical cancer, which exerts its function through inhibition of YAP signaling via targeting ACTL6A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Long Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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25
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Alam MM, Chakma K, Mahmud S, Hossain MN, Ahsan T. A systemic analysis reveals TRIM24-SMARCC1 dependent poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE UNLOCKED 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imu.2020.100467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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26
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Zhang J, Zhang J, Wei Y, Li Q, Wang Q. ACTL6A regulates follicle-stimulating hormone-driven glycolysis in ovarian cancer cells via PGK1. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:811. [PMID: 31649264 PMCID: PMC6813335 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-2050-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Enhanced glycolysis has been identified as a hallmark of cancer. As a novel oncogene, ACTL6A is aberrantly amplified in several types of human cancers and has been shown to regulate tumor growth and progression. However, the roles of ACTL6A in the development of ovarian cancer and the regulation of cancer glucose metabolism are mostly unknown. Here we show that ACTL6A is overexpressed in ovarian cancers compared with adjacent non-tumor tissues, and that ACTL6A overexpression correlates with poor prognosis. Silencing of ACTL6A in vitro inhibits proliferation, clonal growth, and migration, and decreases glucose utilization, lactate production, and pyruvate levels of ovarian cancer cells. We found a positive correlation between ACTL6A and PGK1 expression in ovarian cancer tissues. Enforced ACTL6A expression increased PGK1 expression, whereas knockdown of ACTL6A had the opposite effect. Altered ACTL6A expression inhibits the tumorigenicity of ovarian cancer cells in vivo by downregulating PGK1. In addition, the expression of ACTL6A is regulated by follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) stimulation via PI3K/AKT pathway. Importantly, ACTL6A regulates FSH-enhanced glycolysis in ovarian cancer. Taken together, our findings highlight the critical role of ACTL6A in ovarian cancer development and identify its contribution to glucose metabolism of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Integrated Therapy, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingze Wei
- Department of Pathology, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qingxian Li
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingying Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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El Hadidy N, Uversky VN. Intrinsic Disorder of the BAF Complex: Roles in Chromatin Remodeling and Disease Development. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215260. [PMID: 31652801 PMCID: PMC6862534 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The two-meter-long DNA is compressed into chromatin in the nucleus of every cell, which serves as a significant barrier to transcription. Therefore, for processes such as replication and transcription to occur, the highly compacted chromatin must be relaxed, and the processes required for chromatin reorganization for the aim of replication or transcription are controlled by ATP-dependent nucleosome remodelers. One of the most highly studied remodelers of this kind is the BRG1- or BRM-associated factor complex (BAF complex, also known as SWItch/sucrose non-fermentable (SWI/SNF) complex), which is crucial for the regulation of gene expression and differentiation in eukaryotes. Chromatin remodeling complex BAF is characterized by a highly polymorphic structure, containing from four to 17 subunits encoded by 29 genes. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the role of BAF complex in chromatin remodeling and also to use literature mining and a set of computational and bioinformatics tools to analyze structural properties, intrinsic disorder predisposition, and functionalities of its subunits, along with the description of the relations of different BAF complex subunits to the pathogenesis of various human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nashwa El Hadidy
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd. MDC07, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
| | - Vladimir N Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd. MDC07, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
- Laboratory of New Methods in Biology, Institute for Biological Instrumentation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center "Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Pushchino, 142290 Moscow Region, Russia.
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Abstract
Brain development is a highly regulated process that involves the precise spatio-temporal activation of cell signaling cues. Transcription factors play an integral role in this process by relaying information from external signaling cues to the genome. The transcription factor Forkhead box G1 (FOXG1) is expressed in the developing nervous system with a critical role in forebrain development. Altered dosage of FOXG1 due to deletions, duplications, or functional gain- or loss-of-function mutations, leads to a complex array of cellular effects with important consequences for human disease including neurodevelopmental disorders. Here, we review studies in multiple species and cell models where FOXG1 dose is altered. We argue against a linear, symmetrical relationship between FOXG1 dosage states, although FOXG1 levels at the right time and place need to be carefully regulated. Neurodevelopmental disease states caused by mutations in FOXG1 may therefore be regulated through different mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuwan C Hettige
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Psychiatric Genetics Group, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Carl Ernst
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Psychiatric Genetics Group, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Zeng Z, Yang H, Xiao S. ACTL6A expression promotes invasion, metastasis and epithelial mesenchymal transition of colon cancer. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:1020. [PMID: 30348114 PMCID: PMC6198485 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4931-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastasis is the main cause of death in patients with advanced stage colon cancer. Epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays an important role in invasion and metastasis. Actin-like 6A (ACTL6A) is vital for embryogenesis and differentiation and is also critical for metastasis and EMT in hepatocellular carcinoma, as observed in our previous study. In the present study, we further explored the role of ACTL6A in colon cancer metastasis. METHODS ACTL6A expression levels were analyzed in normal colon, colon adenoma and colon cancer specimens using public databases and tissue samples. ACTL6A expression and its association with clinicopathologic features of colon cancer patients were also analyzed. ACTL6A-overexpression and ACTL6A-knockdown colon cancer cells were used to perform cytological experiments to explore the potential biological function of ACTL6A in metastasis and EMT in colon cancer. RESULTS The data from both the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and Oncomine databases showed that ACTL6A expression levels in colon adenoma and cancer were higher than those in normal colon samples. The ACTL6A expression level in fresh colon cancer specimens was also higher than that in the corresponding adjacent normal colon specimens. Patients with high ACTL6A expression directly correlated with advanced pT status, distant metastasis, poor differentiation and microvascular/perineural invasion. ACTL6A overexpression promoted migration and invasion of colon cancer cells, whereas ACTL6A knockdown exhibited the opposite effect in vitro. Moreover, we demonstrated that ACTL6A promoted EMT in colon cancer cells in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that ACTL6A exhibits pro-tumor function and acts as an EMT activator in colon cancer. ACTL6A may serve as a potential therapeutic target for colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Zeng
- Department of Geratic Surgery, Central South University, Xiangya Road 87, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiangya Road 87, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Yang
- Department of Geratic Surgery, Central South University, Xiangya Road 87, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiangya Road 87, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Xiao
- Department of Geratic Surgery, Central South University, Xiangya Road 87, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiangya Road 87, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China.
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30
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Nesvick CL, Nageswara Rao AA, Raghunathan A, Biegel JA, Daniels DJ. Case-based review: atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor. Neurooncol Pract 2018; 6:163-178. [PMID: 31386032 DOI: 10.1093/nop/npy037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) is a rare CNS cancer that typically occurs in children younger than 3 years of age. Histologically, AT/RTs are embryonal tumors that contain a rhabdoid component as well as areas with primitive neuroectodermal, mesenchymal, and epithelial features. Compared to other CNS tumors of childhood, AT/RTs are characterized by their rapid growth, short symptomatic prodrome, and large size upon presentation, often leading to brain compression and intracranial hypertension requiring urgent intervention. For decades, the mainstay of care has been a combination of maximal safe surgical resection followed by adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Despite advances in each of these modalities, the relative paucity of data on these tumors, their inherently aggressive course, and a lack of molecular data have limited advances in treatment over the past 3 decades. Recent large-scale, multicenter interdisciplinary studies, however, have significantly advanced our understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of these tumors. Multiple clinical trials testing molecularly targeted therapies are underway, offering hope for patients with AT/RT and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody L Nesvick
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Amulya A Nageswara Rao
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Aditya Raghunathan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jaclyn A Biegel
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, USA
| | - David J Daniels
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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31
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Jin ML, Kim YW, Jeong KW. BAF53A regulates androgen receptor-mediated gene expression and proliferation in LNCaP cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 505:618-623. [PMID: 30278885 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.09.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The actin-like protein of the SWI/SNF complex, BAF53A, regulates gene expression by the gene-specific chromatin remodeling of target genes. However, the function of BAF53A in the androgen receptor pathway in prostate cancer cells remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that BAF53A positively regulates the expression of endogenous AR target genes (e.g. PSA, TMPRSS2, FKBP5, and KLK2) in LNCaP cells. It functions as a coactivator in AR-mediated transcription by interacting with other nuclear receptor coactivators, such as p300 and FLII, and is associated with AR in the presence of dihydrotestosterone (DHT). The DHT-induced recruitment of BAF53A to the proximal and distal androgen response elements (AREs) of the PSA gene in the presence of BRG1 (but not BRM) was inhibited by an AR antagonist, suggesting the coactivator function of BAF53A in the SWI/SNF complex. Depletion of BAF53A in LNCaP cells resulted in a significant decrease in growth rate. Furthermore, the expression of BAF53A in prostate cancer tissue was significantly elevated, compared to that in normal prostate tissue, and correlated with the expression of AR, and BRG1, but not BRM. Therefore, our results suggested that BAF53A plays an important role in the expression of AR target genes in prostate cancer, and can be used clinically for the treatment of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li Jin
- Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, 191 Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Woong Kim
- Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, 191 Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Won Jeong
- Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, 191 Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21936, Republic of Korea.
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32
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Rust K, Tiwari MD, Mishra VK, Grawe F, Wodarz A. Myc and the Tip60 chromatin remodeling complex control neuroblast maintenance and polarity in Drosophila. EMBO J 2018; 37:embj.201798659. [PMID: 29997178 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201798659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cells establish cortical polarity and divide asymmetrically to simultaneously maintain themselves and generate differentiating offspring cells. Several chromatin modifiers have been identified as stemness factors in mammalian pluripotent stem cells, but whether these factors control stem cell polarity and asymmetric division has not been investigated so far. We addressed this question in Drosophila neural stem cells called neuroblasts. We identified the Tip60 chromatin remodeling complex and its interaction partner Myc as regulators of genes required for neuroblast maintenance. Knockdown of Tip60 complex members results in loss of cortical polarity, symmetric neuroblast division, and premature differentiation through nuclear entry of the transcription factor Prospero. We found that aPKC is the key target gene of Myc and the Tip60 complex subunit Domino in regulating neuroblast polarity. Our transcriptome analysis further showed that Domino regulates the expression of mitotic spindle genes previously identified as direct Myc targets. Our findings reveal an evolutionarily conserved functional link between Myc, the Tip60 complex, and the molecular network controlling cell polarity and asymmetric cell division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Rust
- Molecular Cell Biology, Institute I for Anatomy, University of Cologne Medical School, Cologne, Germany .,Cluster of Excellence-Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Cologne, Germany.,Stem Cell Biology, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Georg-August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Department of Anatomy and OB-GYN/RS, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Manu D Tiwari
- Molecular Cell Biology, Institute I for Anatomy, University of Cologne Medical School, Cologne, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence-Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Cologne, Germany.,Stem Cell Biology, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Georg-August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Vivek Kumar Mishra
- Department of Dermatology and the Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ferdi Grawe
- Molecular Cell Biology, Institute I for Anatomy, University of Cologne Medical School, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andreas Wodarz
- Molecular Cell Biology, Institute I for Anatomy, University of Cologne Medical School, Cologne, Germany .,Cluster of Excellence-Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Cologne, Germany.,Stem Cell Biology, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Georg-August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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Ji J, Xu R, Zhang X, Han M, Xu Y, Wei Y, Ding K, Wang S, Bin Huang, Chen A, Di Zhang, Jiang Z, Xu S, Zhang Q, Li W, Ni S, Wang J, Li X. Actin like-6A promotes glioma progression through stabilization of transcriptional regulators YAP/TAZ. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:517. [PMID: 29725063 PMCID: PMC5938705 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0548-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Increased Actin-like 6A (ACTL6A) expression has been implicated in the development of diverse cancers and recently associated with the Hippo signaling pathway, which is known to regulate biological properties, including proliferation, tissue regeneration, stem cell biology, as well as tumorigenesis. Here we first show that ACTL6A is upregulated in human gliomas and its expression is associated with glioma patient survival. ACTL6A promotes malignant behaviors of glioma cells in vitro and in orthotopic xenograft model. In co-immunoprecipitation assays, we discover that ACTL6A physically associated with YAP/TAZ and furthermore disrupts the interaction between YAP and β-TrCP E3 ubiquitin ligase, which promotes YAP protein degradation. Moreover, effects of ACTL6A on glioma cells proliferation, migration, and invasion could be mediated by YAP/TAZ. These data indicate that ACTL6A may contribute to cancer progression by stabilizing YAP/TAZ and therefore provide a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of human gliomas.
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MESH Headings
- Actins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Actins/genetics
- Actins/metabolism
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism
- Aged
- Animals
- Brain Neoplasms/genetics
- Brain Neoplasms/metabolism
- Brain Neoplasms/mortality
- Brain Neoplasms/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Movement
- Cell Proliferation
- Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/antagonists & inhibitors
- Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/genetics
- Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/metabolism
- DNA-Binding Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Disease Progression
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Glioblastoma/genetics
- Glioblastoma/metabolism
- Glioblastoma/mortality
- Glioblastoma/pathology
- Humans
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/genetics
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/metabolism
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Nude
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Invasiveness
- Phosphoproteins/genetics
- Phosphoproteins/metabolism
- Protein Binding
- Protein Stability
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Survival Analysis
- Trans-Activators
- Transcription Factors
- Transcriptional Coactivator with PDZ-Binding Motif Proteins
- Tumor Burden
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
- YAP-Signaling Proteins
- beta-Transducin Repeat-Containing Proteins/genetics
- beta-Transducin Repeat-Containing Proteins/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxiong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Remodeling, Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Ran Xu
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Remodeling, Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- Brain and Mind Centre, and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Xin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Remodeling, Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Mingzhi Han
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Remodeling, Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Yangyang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Remodeling, Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Yuzhen Wei
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Remodeling, Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jiankang Road, Jining, 272011, China
| | - Kaikai Ding
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Remodeling, Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Remodeling, Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Bin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Remodeling, Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Anjing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Remodeling, Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Remodeling, Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Zheng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Remodeling, Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Shuo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Remodeling, Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Remodeling, Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Wenjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Remodeling, Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Shilei Ni
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Remodeling, Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Remodeling, Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, Bergen, 5009, Norway.
| | - Xingang Li
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Remodeling, Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
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Raab JR, Runge JS, Spear CC, Magnuson T. Co-regulation of transcription by BRG1 and BRM, two mutually exclusive SWI/SNF ATPase subunits. Epigenetics Chromatin 2017; 10:62. [PMID: 29273066 PMCID: PMC5740901 DOI: 10.1186/s13072-017-0167-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND SWI/SNF is a large heterogeneous multi-subunit chromatin remodeling complex. It consists of multiple sets of mutually exclusive components. Understanding how loss of one sibling of a mutually exclusive pair affects the occupancy and function of the remaining complex is needed to understand how mutations in a particular subunit might affect tumor formation. Recently, we showed that the members of the ARID family of SWI/SNF subunits (ARID1A, ARID1B and ARID2) had complex transcriptional relationships including both antagonism and cooperativity. However, it remains unknown how loss of the catalytic subunit(s) affects the binding and genome-wide occupancy of the remainder complex and how changes in occupancy affect transcriptional output. RESULTS We addressed this gap by depleting BRG1 and BRM, the two ATPase subunits in SWI/SNF, and characterizing the changes to chromatin occupancy of the remaining subunit and related this to transcription changes induced by loss of the ATPase subunits. We show that depletion of one subunit frequently leads to loss of the remaining subunit. This could cause either positive or negative changes in gene expression. At a subset of sites, the sibling subunit is either retained or gained. Additionally, we show genome-wide that BRG1 and BRM have both cooperative and antagonistic interactions with respect to transcription. Importantly, at genes where BRG1 and BRM antagonize one another we observe a nearly complete rescue of gene expression changes in the combined BRG/BRM double knockdown. CONCLUSION This series of experiments demonstrate that mutually exclusive SWI/SNF complexes have heterogeneous functional relationships and highlight the importance of considering the role of the remaining SWI/SNF complexes following loss or depletion of a single subunit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse R Raab
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - John S Runge
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.,Curriculum for Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Camarie C Spear
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Terry Magnuson
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA. .,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
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35
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Zhu B, Ueda A, Song X, Horike SI, Yokota T, Akagi T. Baf53a is involved in survival of mouse ES cells, which can be compensated by Baf53b. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14059. [PMID: 29070872 PMCID: PMC5656580 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14362-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The human Baf (Brg1/Brm associated factor) complex, also known as the mammalian SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complex, is involved in a variety of cellular processes. The pluripotency and self-renewal abilities are major characteristics of embryonic stem (ES) cells and are regulated by the ES cell-specific BAF (esBAF) complex. Baf53a is one of the subunits of the esBAF complex. Here, we found that Baf53a was expressed in undifferentiated ES cells and that it interacted with Oct3/4. Analyses of tetracycline-inducible Baf53a conditional knockout ES cells revealed that the undifferentiated markers, including Nanog and Oct3/4, were expressed in Baf53a-deficient ES cells; however, growth of the cells was repressed, and expression of p53, p21, and cleaved Caspase 3 was increased. Cell death of Baf53a-deficient ES cells was rescued by overexpression of Baf53a, but not by the Baf53a M3 mutant (E388A/R389A/R390A). Interestingly, Baf53b, a homologue of Baf53a, rescued cell death of Baf53a-deficient ES cells. Baf53a-deficient ES cells overexpressing exogenous Baf53a or Baf53b remained in the undifferentiated state, proliferated, and repressed expression of p21. In summary, our findings suggest that Baf53a is involved in the survival of ES cells by regulating p53 and Caspase3, and that Baf53b is able to compensate for this functional aspect of Baf53a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhu
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University., 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ueda
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University., 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Xiaohong Song
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University., 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Horike
- Advanced Science Research Center, Kanazawa University. 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Takashi Yokota
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University., 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8640, Japan.
| | - Tadayuki Akagi
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University., 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8640, Japan.
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36
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Meng L, Wang X, Liao W, Liu J, Liao Y, He Q. BAF53a is a potential prognostic biomarker and promotes invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of glioma cells. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:3327-3334. [PMID: 29039584 PMCID: PMC5783583 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.6019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that BAF53a is crucial for embryonic development and maintenance of stemness, and may be associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which suggests its involvement in cancer progression. However, the role of BAF53a in glioma remains unknown. In the present study, BAF53a was found to be highly expressed in glioma tissues and was associated with poor overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in glioma patients. A multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that BAF53a might be an independent prognostic factor for OS and PFS in glioma patients. Further functional analysis indicated that BAF53a overexpression could promote proliferation and increase the motility and invasion of U87 glioma cells, whereas BAF53a knockdown had the opposite effect. In addition, BAF53a expression was associated with the levels of E‑cadherin and vimentin expression in glioma tissues. This was further confirmed in U87 cells expressing different levels of BAF53a; BAF53a overexpression was concomitant with decreased E‑cadherin and increased vimentin expression, whereas BAF53a knockdown showed the opposite pattern of expression. Taken together, these results suggest that BAF53a may be a novel prognostic factor for glioma patients, and that BAF53 may facilitate glioma progression by promoting proliferation, invasion, and associate with EMT. Therefore, BAF53a could be a potential promising biomarker and a target for the treatment of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Meng
- Departments of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyi Wang
- Departments of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Weihua Liao
- Departments of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Jianling Liu
- Departments of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Yiwei Liao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Qiongqiong He
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
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Koutb F, Abdel-Rahman S, Hassona E, Haggag A. Association of C-myc and p53 Gene Expression and Polymorphisms with Hepatitis C (HCV) Chronic Infection, Cirrhosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) Stages in
Egypt. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 18:2049-2057. [PMID: 28843220 PMCID: PMC5697458 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2017.18.8.2049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate c-myc and p53 gene expression and polymorphisms in different stages of HCV infection,. Expression levels of c-myc and p53 were evaluated by RT-PCR and polymorphisms were determined by PCR-RFLP in 60 HCV patients classified into chronic infection, cirrhosis and HCC groups along with 30 controls. c-myc gene expression significant increased through the stages as compared to the control level (1.17, 1.82, 3.33 and 0.32, respectively), whereas p53 significantly declined (4,375, 3,842, 525 and 5,498, respectively). The C-myc CC genotype was predominant in the HCC group (90%) to a greater extent than in the cirrhosis, chronic infection and control cases (80%, 20% and 10%, respectively), while the GG genotype was predominant in controls (83%, as compared to 65%, 10% and 10%). The CG genotype was most common in chronic infection (15%). The p53 PP genotype predominated in controls (87%, with 15%, 10% and 20%, respectively, for the three stages) while the AA genotype demonstrated only slight increase to HCC (13%, 25% and 30%, respectively) and PA genotype was predominant in cirrhosis cases (90%). These findings reveal that c-myc and p53 gene expression and polymorphisms may be considered as promising sensitive genetic biomarkers for progression of HCV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fayed Koutb
- Department of Nucleic Acid Research, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, Egypt.
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Mutation of neuron-specific chromatin remodeling subunit BAF53b: rescue of plasticity and memory by manipulating actin remodeling. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 24:199-209. [PMID: 28416631 PMCID: PMC5397687 DOI: 10.1101/lm.044602.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent human exome-sequencing studies have implicated polymorphic Brg1-associated factor (BAF) complexes (mammalian SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes) in several intellectual disabilities and cognitive disorders, including autism. However, it remains unclear how mutations in BAF complexes result in impaired cognitive function. Post-mitotic neurons express a neuron-specific assembly, nBAF, characterized by the neuron-specific subunit BAF53b. Subdomain 2 of BAF53b is essential for the differentiation of neuronal precursor cells into neurons. We generated transgenic mice lacking subdomain 2 of Baf53b (BAF53bΔSB2). Long-term synaptic potentiation (LTP) and long-term memory, both of which are associated with phosphorylation of the actin severing protein cofilin, were assessed in these animals. A phosphorylation mimic of cofilin was stereotaxically delivered into the hippocampus of BAF53bΔSB2 mice in an effort to rescue LTP and memory. BAF53bΔSB2 mutant mice show impairments in phosphorylation of synaptic cofilin, LTP, and memory. Both the synaptic plasticity and memory deficits are rescued by overexpression of a phosphorylation mimetic of cofilin. Baseline physiology and behavior were not affected by the mutation or the experimental treatment. This study suggests a potential link between nBAF function, actin cytoskeletal remodeling at the dendritic spine, and memory formation. This work shows that a targeted manipulation of synaptic function can rescue adult plasticity and memory deficits caused by manipulations of nBAF, and thereby provides potential novel avenues for therapeutic development for multiple intellectual disability disorders.
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39
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Fan W, Xie J, Xia J, Zhang Y, Yang M, Wang H, Pan Y, Zhang M, Han B, Wu B, Hou Z, Liang D, Wang C, Xu J, Song L, Liu Q. RUVBL1-ITFG1 interaction is required for collective invasion in breast cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2017; 1861:1788-1800. [PMID: 28341484 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2017.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanisms of breast cancer collective invasion are poorly understood limiting the metastasis therapy. The ATPase RUVBL1 is frequently overexpressed in various cancers and plays a crucial role in oncogenic process. We further investigated the role of RUVBL1 in promoting collective invasion and uncovered that targeting RUVBL1 could inhibit metastatic progression. METHODS The expression levels of RUVBL1 and ITFG1 were examined by Western blot and qRT-PCR. Co-localization and interaction of RUVBL1 and ITFG1 were determined by immunofluorescence and co-immunoprecipitation. The invasive ability was examined by transwell assay and microfluidic assay. The metastatic and tumorigenic abilities of breast cancer cells were revealed in BALB/c nude mice by xenograft and tail vein injection. RESULTS ATPase RUVBL1 is highly expressed in breast cancer and predicts the poor prognosis. Elevated expression of RUVBL1 is found in high metastatic breast cancer cells. Silencing RUVBL1 suppresses cancer cell expansion and invasion in vitro and in vivo. RUVBL1 interacts with a conserved transmembrane protein ITFG1 in cytoplasm and plasma membrane to promote the collective invasion. Using a microfluidic model, we demonstrated that silencing RUVBL1 or ITFG1 individually compromises collective invasion of breast cancer cells. CONCLUSION RUVBL1 is a vital regulator for collective invasion. The interaction between RUVBL1 and ITFG1 is required for breast cancer cell collective invasion and progression. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Targeting collective invasion promoted by RUVBL1-ITFG1 complex provides a novel therapeutic strategy to improve the prognosis of invasive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Fan
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jiajun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jianglong Xia
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Yale Stem Cell Center, Department of Genetics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mengying Yang
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Hefei Wang
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yujia Pan
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Mengjuan Zhang
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Baochun Han
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Baitong Wu
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhijie Hou
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Dapeng Liang
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Chunli Wang
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lijuan Song
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Engineering, Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun, China
| | - Quentin Liu
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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40
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Sun W, Wang W, Lei J, Li H, Wu Y. Actin-like protein 6A is a novel prognostic indicator promoting invasion and metastasis in osteosarcoma. Oncol Rep 2017; 37:2405-2417. [PMID: 28260090 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma harbors highly metastatic properties, accounting for postoperative recurrence and metastasis. Actin-like protein 6A (ACTL6A) regulates cell proliferation, migration and differentiation. However, the biologic role of ACTL6A in osteosarcoma remains unknown. In this study, the results showed that, by analysis of frozen fresh primary tumor tissues, matched non-cancerous bone tissues (NCBTs) and biopsy lung metastatic nodule tissues from 30 osteosarcoma patients after radical surgical resection, ACTL6A was overexpressed in osteosarcoma tissues compared with matched NCBTs, and its expression level was associated with osteosarcoma metastasis. Immunohistochemical analyses of osteosarcoma tissue samples from two independent cohorts of formaldehyde-fixed, paraffin-embedded osteosarcoma tissue samples from total of 186 osteosarcoma patients showed that high ACTL6A expression correlated with malignant clinicopathological features such as larger tumor size, high Ennecking grade, high histologic grade, and advanced tumor node metastasis stage. High ACTL6A expression was associated with poor prognosis for patients with osteosarcoma, and an independent and significant risk factor for disease-free survival and overall survival after radical tumor resection. Both in vitro and in vivo assays showed that ACTL6A overexpression promoted osteosarcoma cell invasion and metastasis, whereas knockdown of ACTL6A expression reduced osteosarcoma cell malignant behavior such as invasion and metastasis. Furthermore, we proved that ACTL6A promoted osteosarcoma cells of metastasis through facilitating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In conclusion, data from the present study demonstrated that ACTL6A was associated with poor survival and promoted osteosarcoma cell metastasis through EMT, suggesting that ACTL6A may be a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Sun
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Wanchun Wang
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Jian Lei
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Yi Wu
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
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41
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Smith RJ, Savoian MS, Weber LE, Park JH. Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) interacts with p400 ATPase for an efficient DNA damage response. BMC Mol Biol 2016; 17:22. [PMID: 27814680 PMCID: PMC5097431 DOI: 10.1186/s12867-016-0075-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and TRRAP proteins belong to the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related kinase family and are involved in DNA damage repair and chromatin remodeling. ATM is a checkpoint kinase that is recruited to sites of DNA double-strand breaks where it phosphorylates a diverse range of proteins that are part of the chromatin and DNA repair machinery. As an integral subunit of the TRRAP-TIP60 complexes, p400 ATPase is a chromatin remodeler that is also targeted to DNA double-strand break sites. While it is understood that DNA binding transcriptional activators recruit p400 ATPase into a regulatory region of the promoter, how p400 recognises and moves to DNA double-strand break sites is far less clear. Here we investigate a possibility whether ATM serves as a shuttle to deliver p400 to break sites. Results Our data indicate that p400 co-immunoprecipitates with ATM independently of DNA damage state and that the N-terminal domain of p400 is vital for this interaction. Heterologous expression studies using Sf9 cells revealed that the ATM-p400 complex can be reconstituted without other mammalian bridging proteins. Overexpression of ATM-interacting p400 regions in U2OS cells induced dominant negative effects including the inhibition of both DNA damage repair and cell proliferation. Consistent with the dominant negative effect, the stable expression of an N-terminal p400 fragment showed a decrease in the association of p400 with ATM, but did not alter the association of p400 with TRRAP. Conclusion Taken together, our findings suggest that a protein–protein interaction between ATM and p400 ATPase occurs independently of DNA damage and contributes to efficient DNA damage response and repair. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12867-016-0075-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Smith
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Matthew S Savoian
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Lauren E Weber
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Jeong Hyeon Park
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
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42
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Haque M, Song J, Fino K, Wang Y, Sandhu P, Song X, Norbury C, Ni B, Fang D, Salek-Ardakani S, Song J. C-Myc regulation by costimulatory signals modulates the generation of CD8+ memory T cells during viral infection. Open Biol 2016; 6:150208. [PMID: 26791245 PMCID: PMC4736826 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.150208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The signalling mechanisms of costimulation in the development of memory T cells remain to be clarified. Here, we show that the transcription factor c-Myc in CD8+ T cells is controlled by costimulatory molecules, which modulates the development of memory CD8+ T cells. C-Myc expression was dramatically reduced in Cd28−/− or Ox40−/− memory CD8+ T cells, and c-Myc over-expression substantially reversed the defects in the development of T-cell memory following viral infection. C-Myc regulated the expression of survivin, an inhibitor of apoptosis, which promoted the generation of virus-specific memory CD8+ T cells. Moreover, over-expression of survivin with bcl-xL, a downstream molecule of NF-κB and intracellular target of costimulation that controls survival, in Cd28−/− or Ox40−/− CD8+ T cells, reversed the defects in the generation of memory T cells in response to viral infection. These results identify c-Myc as a key controller of memory CD8+ T cells from costimulatory signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Haque
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Jianyong Song
- Institutes of Irradiation/Immunology, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Kristin Fino
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Youfei Wang
- Institutes of Irradiation/Immunology, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Praneet Sandhu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Xinmeng Song
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Christopher Norbury
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Bing Ni
- Institutes of Irradiation/Immunology, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Deyu Fang
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shahram Salek-Ardakani
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jianxun Song
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
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White AO, Kramár EA, López AJ, Kwapis JL, Doan J, Saldana D, Davatolhagh MF, Alaghband Y, Blurton-Jones M, Matheos DP, Wood MA. BDNF rescues BAF53b-dependent synaptic plasticity and cocaine-associated memory in the nucleus accumbens. Nat Commun 2016; 7:11725. [PMID: 27226355 PMCID: PMC4894971 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence implicates epigenetic mechanisms in drug-associated memory processes. However, a possible role for one major epigenetic mechanism, nucleosome remodelling, in drug-associated memories remains largely unexplored. Here we examine mice with genetic manipulations targeting a neuron-specific nucleosome remodelling complex subunit, BAF53b. These mice display deficits in cocaine-associated memory that are more severe in BAF53b transgenic mice compared with BAF53b heterozygous mice. Similar to the memory deficits, theta-induced long-term potentiation (theta-LTP) in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) is significantly impaired in slices taken from BAF53b transgenic mice but not heterozygous mice. Further experiments indicate that theta-LTP in the NAc is dependent on TrkB receptor activation, and that BDNF rescues theta-LTP and cocaine-associated memory deficits in BAF53b transgenic mice. Together, these results suggest a role for BAF53b in NAc neuronal function required for cocaine-associated memories, and also that BDNF/TrkB activation in the NAc may overcome memory and plasticity deficits linked to BAF53b mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- André O White
- 301 Qureshey Research Lab, Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA.,Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, Irvine, California 92697, USA.,Irvine Center for Addiction Neuroscience (ICAN), University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Enikö A Kramár
- 301 Qureshey Research Lab, Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA.,Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, Irvine, California 92697, USA.,Irvine Center for Addiction Neuroscience (ICAN), University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Alberto J López
- 301 Qureshey Research Lab, Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA.,Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, Irvine, California 92697, USA.,Irvine Center for Addiction Neuroscience (ICAN), University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Janine L Kwapis
- 301 Qureshey Research Lab, Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA.,Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, Irvine, California 92697, USA.,Irvine Center for Addiction Neuroscience (ICAN), University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA.,Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - John Doan
- 301 Qureshey Research Lab, Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA.,Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, Irvine, California 92697, USA.,Irvine Center for Addiction Neuroscience (ICAN), University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - David Saldana
- 301 Qureshey Research Lab, Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA.,Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, Irvine, California 92697, USA.,Irvine Center for Addiction Neuroscience (ICAN), University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - M Felicia Davatolhagh
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Yasaman Alaghband
- 301 Qureshey Research Lab, Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA.,Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, Irvine, California 92697, USA.,Irvine Center for Addiction Neuroscience (ICAN), University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Mathew Blurton-Jones
- 301 Qureshey Research Lab, Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA.,Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA.,Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Dina P Matheos
- 301 Qureshey Research Lab, Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA.,Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, Irvine, California 92697, USA.,Irvine Center for Addiction Neuroscience (ICAN), University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Marcelo A Wood
- 301 Qureshey Research Lab, Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA.,Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, Irvine, California 92697, USA.,Irvine Center for Addiction Neuroscience (ICAN), University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA.,Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
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44
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Xiao S, Chang R, Yang M, Lei X, Liu X, Gao W, Xiao J, Yang L. Actin-like 6A predicts poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma and promotes metastasis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Hepatology 2016; 63:1256-71. [PMID: 26698646 PMCID: PMC4834727 DOI: 10.1002/hep.28417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide because of metastasis. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is widely considered to be crucial to the invasion-metastasis cascade during cancer progression. Actin-like 6A (ACTL6A) is initially verified important for cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration. In this study, we find that ACTL6A plays an essential role in metastasis and EMT of HCC. ACTL6A expression is up-regulated in HCC cells and tissues. A high level of ACTL6A in HCCs is correlated with aggressive clinicopathological features and is an independent poor prognostic factor for overall and disease-free survival of HCC patients. Ectopic expression of ACTL6A markedly promotes HCC cells migration, invasion, as well as EMT in vitro and promotes tumor growth and metastasis in the mouse xenograft model. Opposite results are observed when ACTL6A is knocked down. Mechanistically, ACTL6A promotes metastasis and EMT through activating Notch signaling. ACTL6A knockdown has the equal blockage effect as the Notch signaling inhibitor, N-[N-(3,5-difluorophenacetyl)-L-alanyl]-S-phenylglycine t-butylester, in HCC cells. Further studies indicate that ACTL6A might manipulate SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 2 (SOX2) expression and then activate Notch1 signaling. CONCLUSIONS ACTL6A promotes metastasis and EMT by SOX2/Notch1 signaling, indicating a prognostic biomarker candidate and a potential therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Xiao
- Liver Cancer Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Rui‐Min Chang
- Liver Cancer Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Ming‐Yang Yang
- Liver Cancer Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Xiong Lei
- Liver Cancer Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Xiao Liu
- Liver Cancer Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Wen‐Bin Gao
- Liver Cancer Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Jing‐Lei Xiao
- Liver Cancer Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Lian‐Yue Yang
- Liver Cancer Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
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45
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Lee AY, Lyu SK, Kwon H. BAF53 is required for mitotic progression. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2015.1101399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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46
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The Cellular Protein Complex Associated with a Transforming Region of E1A Contains c-MYC. J Virol 2015; 90:1070-9. [PMID: 26559831 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02039-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The cell-transforming activity of human adenovirus 5 (hAd5) E1A is mediated by the N-terminal half of E1A, which interacts with three different major cellular protein complexes, p300/CBP, TRRAP/p400, and pRb family members. Among these protein interactions, the interaction of pRb family proteins with conserved region 2 (CR2) of E1A is known to promote cell proliferation by deregulating the activities of E2F family transcription factors. The functional consequences of interaction with the other two protein complexes in regulating the transforming activity of E1A are not well defined. Here, we report that the E1A N-terminal region also interacted with the cellular proto-oncoprotein c-MYC and the homolog of enhancer of yellow 2 (ENY2). Our results suggested that these proteins interacted with an essential E1A transforming domain spanning amino acid residues 26 to 35 which also interacted with TRRAP and p400. Small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated depletion of TRRAP reduced c-MYC interaction with E1A, while p400 depletion did not. In contrast, depletion of TRRAP enhanced ENY2 interaction with E1A, suggesting that ENY2 and TRRAP may interact with E1A in a competitive manner. The same E1A region additionally interacted with the constituents of a deubiquitinase complex consisting of USP22, ATXN7, and ATXN7L3 via TRRAP. Acute short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated depletion of c-MYC reduced the E1A transforming activity, while depletion of ENY2 and MAX did not. These results suggested that the association of c-MYC with E1A may, at least partially, play a role in the E1A transformation activity, independently of MAX. IMPORTANCE The transforming region of adenovirus E1A consists of three short modules which complex with different cellular protein complexes. The mechanism by which one of the transforming modules, CR2, promotes cell proliferation, through inactivating the activities of the pRb family proteins, is better understood than the activities of the other domains. Our analysis of the E1A proteome revealed the presence of the proto-oncoprotein c-MYC and of ENY2. We mapped these interactions to a critical transforming module of E1A that was previously known to interact with the scaffolding molecule TRRAP and the E1A-binding protein p400. We showed that c-MYC interacted with E1A through TRRAP, while ENY2 interacted with it independently. The data reported here indicated that depletion of c-MYC in normal human cells reduced the transforming activity of E1A. Our result raises a novel paradigm in oncogenic transformation by a DNA viral oncogene, the E1A gene, that may exploit the activity of a cellular oncogene, the c-MYC gene, in addition to inactivation of the tumor suppressors, such as pRb.
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47
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López AJ, Wood MA. Role of nucleosome remodeling in neurodevelopmental and intellectual disability disorders. Front Behav Neurosci 2015; 9:100. [PMID: 25954173 PMCID: PMC4407585 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2015.00100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
It is becoming increasingly important to understand how epigenetic mechanisms control gene expression during neurodevelopment. Two epigenetic mechanisms that have received considerable attention are DNA methylation and histone acetylation. Human exome sequencing and genome-wide association studies have linked several neurobiological disorders to genes whose products actively regulate DNA methylation and histone acetylation. More recently, a third major epigenetic mechanism, nucleosome remodeling, has been implicated in human developmental and intellectual disability (ID) disorders. Nucleosome remodeling is driven primarily through nucleosome remodeling complexes with specialized ATP-dependent enzymes. These enzymes directly interact with DNA or chromatin structure, as well as histone subunits, to restructure the shape and organization of nucleosome positioning to ultimately regulate gene expression. Of particular interest is the neuron-specific Brg1/hBrm Associated Factor (nBAF) complex. Mutations in nBAF subunit genes have so far been linked to Coffin-Siris syndrome (CSS), Nicolaides-Baraitser syndrome (NBS), schizophrenia, and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Together, these human developmental and ID disorders are powerful examples of the impact of epigenetic modulation on gene expression. This review focuses on the new and emerging role of nucleosome remodeling in neurodevelopmental and ID disorders and whether nucleosome remodeling affects gene expression required for cognition independently of its role in regulating gene expression required for development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto J López
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California Irvine Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Marcelo A Wood
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California Irvine Irvine, CA, USA
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Mayes K, Qiu Z, Alhazmi A, Landry JW. ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complexes as novel targets for cancer therapy. Adv Cancer Res 2015; 121:183-233. [PMID: 24889532 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-800249-0.00005-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The progression to advanced stage cancer requires changes in many characteristics of a cell. These changes are usually initiated through spontaneous mutation. As a result of these mutations, gene expression is almost invariably altered allowing the cell to acquire tumor-promoting characteristics. These abnormal gene expression patterns are in part enabled by the posttranslational modification and remodeling of nucleosomes in chromatin. These chromatin modifications are established by a functionally diverse family of enzymes including histone and DNA-modifying complexes, histone deposition pathways, and chromatin remodeling complexes. Because the modifications these enzymes deposit are essential for maintaining tumor-promoting gene expression, they have recently attracted much interest as novel therapeutic targets. One class of enzyme that has not generated much interest is the chromatin remodeling complexes. In this review, we will present evidence from the literature that these enzymes have both causal and enabling roles in the transition to advanced stage cancers; as such, they should be seriously considered as high-value therapeutic targets. Previously published strategies for discovering small molecule regulators to these complexes are described. We close with thoughts on future research, the field should perform to further develop this potentially novel class of therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Mayes
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Zhijun Qiu
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Aiman Alhazmi
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Joseph W Landry
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA.
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Choi KY, Yoo M, Han JH. Toward understanding the role of the neuron-specific BAF chromatin remodeling complex in memory formation. Exp Mol Med 2015; 47:e155. [PMID: 25838002 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2014.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The long-term storage of memory requires the finely tuned coordination of intracellular signaling with the transcriptional, translational and epigenetic regulations of gene expression. Among the epigenetic mechanisms, however, we know relatively little about the involvement of chromatin remodeling-dependent control of gene expression in cognitive brain functions, compared with our knowledge of other such mechanisms (for example, histone modifications and DNA methylation). A few recent studies have implicated the Brm/Brg-associated factor (BAF) chromatin-remodeling complex, a mammalian homolog of the yeast Swi/Snf complex, in neuronal structural/functional plasticity and memory formation. The BAF complex was previously known to have a critical role in neurodevelopment, but these recent findings indicate that it also contributes to both cognitive functions in the adult brain and human mental disorders characterized by intellectual disability. In this review, we provide a brief overview of the BAF complexes, introduce recent research findings that link their functions to memory formation, and speculate on the yet-unknown molecular mechanisms that may be relevant to these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang-Yeon Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute for the BioCentury (KIB), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Korea
| | - Miran Yoo
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute for the BioCentury (KIB), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jin-Hee Han
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute for the BioCentury (KIB), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Korea
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50
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Laurette P, Strub T, Koludrovic D, Keime C, Le Gras S, Seberg H, Van Otterloo E, Imrichova H, Siddaway R, Aerts S, Cornell RA, Mengus G, Davidson I. Transcription factor MITF and remodeller BRG1 define chromatin organisation at regulatory elements in melanoma cells. eLife 2015; 4. [PMID: 25803486 PMCID: PMC4407272 DOI: 10.7554/elife.06857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) is the master regulator of the melanocyte lineage. To understand how MITF regulates transcription, we used tandem affinity purification and mass spectrometry to define a comprehensive MITF interactome identifying novel cofactors involved in transcription, DNA replication and repair, and chromatin organisation. We show that MITF interacts with a PBAF chromatin remodelling complex comprising BRG1 and CHD7. BRG1 is essential for melanoma cell proliferation in vitro and for normal melanocyte development in vivo. MITF and SOX10 actively recruit BRG1 to a set of MITF-associated regulatory elements (MAREs) at active enhancers. Combinations of MITF, SOX10, TFAP2A, and YY1 bind between two BRG1-occupied nucleosomes thus defining both a signature of transcription factors essential for the melanocyte lineage and a specific chromatin organisation of the regulatory elements they occupy. BRG1 also regulates the dynamics of MITF genomic occupancy. MITF-BRG1 interplay thus plays an essential role in transcription regulation in melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Laurette
- Department of Functional Genomics and Cancer, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Strasbourg, France
| | - Thomas Strub
- Department of Functional Genomics and Cancer, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Strasbourg, France
| | - Dana Koludrovic
- Department of Functional Genomics and Cancer, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Strasbourg, France
| | - Céline Keime
- Department of Functional Genomics and Cancer, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Strasbourg, France
| | - Stéphanie Le Gras
- Department of Functional Genomics and Cancer, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Strasbourg, France
| | - Hannah Seberg
- University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, United States
| | | | - Hana Imrichova
- Laboratory of Computational Biology, Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robert Siddaway
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Stein Aerts
- Laboratory of Computational Biology, Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robert A Cornell
- University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, United States
| | - Gabrielle Mengus
- Department of Functional Genomics and Cancer, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Strasbourg, France
| | - Irwin Davidson
- Department of Functional Genomics and Cancer, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Strasbourg, France
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