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Maurya VK, Szwarc MM, Lonard DM, Gibbons WE, Wu SP, O’Malley BW, DeMayo FJ, Lydon JP. Decidualization of human endometrial stromal cells requires steroid receptor coactivator-3. FRONTIERS IN REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH 2022; 4:1033581. [PMID: 36505394 PMCID: PMC9730893 DOI: 10.3389/frph.2022.1033581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Steroid receptor coactivator-3 (SRC-3; also known as NCOA3 or AIB1) is a member of the multifunctional p160/SRC family of coactivators, which also includes SRC-1 and SRC-2. Clinical and cell-based studies as well as investigations on mice have demonstrated pivotal roles for each SRC in numerous physiological and pathophysiological contexts, underscoring their functional pleiotropy. We previously demonstrated the critical involvement of SRC-2 in murine embryo implantation as well as in human endometrial stromal cell (HESC) decidualization, a cellular transformation process required for trophoblast invasion and ultimately placentation. We show here that, like SRC-2, SRC-3 is expressed in the epithelial and stromal cellular compartments of the human endometrium during the proliferative and secretory phase of the menstrual cycle as well as in cultured HESCs. We also found that SRC-3 depletion in cultured HESCs results in a significant attenuation in the induction of a wide-range of established biomarkers of decidualization, despite exposure of these cells to a deciduogenic stimulus and normal progesterone receptor expression. These molecular findings are supported at the cellular level by the inability of HESCs to morphologically transform from a stromal fibroblastoid cell to an epithelioid decidual cell when endogenous SRC-3 levels are markedly reduced. To identify genes, signaling pathways and networks that are controlled by SRC-3 and potentially important for hormone-dependent decidualization, we performed RNA-sequencing on HESCs in which SRC-3 levels were significantly reduced at the time of administering the deciduogenic stimulus. Comparing HESC controls with HESCs deficient in SRC-3, gene enrichment analysis of the differentially expressed gene set revealed an overrepresentation of genes involved in chromatin remodeling, cell proliferation/motility, and programmed cell death. These predictive bioanalytic results were confirmed by the demonstration that SRC-3 is required for the expansion, migratory and invasive activities of the HESC population, cellular properties that are required in vivo in the formation or functioning of the decidua. Collectively, our results support SRC-3 as an important coregulator in HESC decidualization. Since perturbation of normal homeostatic levels of SRC-3 is linked with common gynecological disorders diagnosed in reproductive age women, this endometrial coregulator-along with its new molecular targets described here-may open novel clinical avenues in the diagnosis and/or treatment of a non-receptive endometrium, particularly in patients presenting non-aneuploid early pregnancy loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineet K. Maurya
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Maria M. Szwarc
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - David M. Lonard
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - William E. Gibbons
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - San-Pin Wu
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Bert W. O’Malley
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Francesco J. DeMayo
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, United States
| | - John P. Lydon
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States,Correspondence: John P. Lydon
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2
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Zhao Y, Li J, Chen J, Ye M, Jin X. Functional roles of E3 ubiquitin ligases in prostate cancer. J Mol Med (Berl) 2022; 100:1125-1144. [PMID: 35816219 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-022-02229-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a malignant epithelial tumor of the prostate gland with a high male cancer incidence. Numerous studies indicate that abnormal function of ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is associated with the progression and metastasis of PCa. E3 ubiquitin ligases, key components of UPS, determine the specificity of substrates, and substantial advances of E3 ubiquitin ligases have been reached recently. Herein, we introduce the structures and functions of E3 ubiquitin ligases and summarize the mechanisms of E3 ubiquitin ligases-related PCa signaling pathways. In addition, some progresses in the development of inhibitors targeting E3 ubiquitin ligases are also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Zhao
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.,Department of Chemoradiotherapy, the Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, China
| | - Jinyun Li
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Chemoradiotherapy, the Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, China
| | - Meng Ye
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Xiaofeng Jin
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, China. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
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3
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Liu D, Li J, Hao W, Lin X, Xia J, Zhu J, Yang S, Yang X. Chimeric RNA TNNI2-ACTA1-V1 Regulates Cell Proliferation by Regulating the Expression of NCOA3. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:895190. [PMID: 35898549 PMCID: PMC9309209 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.895190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chimeric RNA is a crucial target for tumor diagnosis and drug therapy, also having its unique biological role in normal tissues. TNNI2-ACTA1-V1 (TA-V1), a chimeric RNA discovered by our laboratory in porcine muscle tissue, can inhibit the proliferation of Porcine Skeletal Muscle Satellite Cells (PSCs). The regulatory mechanism of TA-V1 in PSCs remains unclear, but we speculate that NCOA3, DDR2 and RDX may be the target genes of TA-V1. In this study, we explored the effects of NCOA3, DDR2 and RDX on cell viability and cell proliferation by CCK-8 assay, EdU staining and flow cytometry. Furthermore, the regulatory pathway of proliferation in PSCs mediated by TA-V1 through NCOA3 or CyclinD1 was elucidated by co-transfection and co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP). The results revealed that overexpression of NCOA3 significantly increased cell viability and the expression level of CyclinD1, and also promotes cell proliferation by changing cells from the G1 phase to the S phase. In addition, inhibiting the expression of NCOA3 substantially reduced cell viability and inhibited cell proliferation. Overexpression of DDR2 and RDX had no significant effect on cell viability and proliferation. Co-transfection experiments showed that NCOA3 could rescue the proliferation inhibition of PSCs caused by TA-V1. Co-IP assay indicated that TA-V1 directly interacts with NCOA3. Our study explores the hypothesis that TA-V1 directly regulates NCOA3, indirectly regulating CyclinD1, thereby regulating PSCs proliferation. We provide new putative mechanisms of porcine skeletal muscle growth and lay the foundation for the study of chimeric RNA in normal tissues.
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4
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Xiao H, Liu J, He J, Lan Z, Deng M, Hu Z. 17β-Estradiol Attenuates Intracerebral Hemorrhage-Induced Blood-Brain Barrier Injury and Oxidative Stress Through SRC3-Mediated PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway in a Mouse Model. ASN Neuro 2021; 13:17590914211038443. [PMID: 34491125 PMCID: PMC8580490 DOI: 10.1177/17590914211038443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen is neuroprotective in brain injury models, and steroid receptor cofactor 3 (SRC3) mediates estrogen signaling. We aimed to investigate whether and how SRC3 is involved in the neuroprotective effects of 17ß-estradiol (E2) in a mouse model of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Ovariectomized female mice were treated with E2 after autologous blood injection-induced ICH. Brain damage was assessed by neurological deficit score, brain water content, and oxidative stress levels. Blood–brain barrier (BBB) integrity was evaluated by Evan's blue extravasation and claudin-5, ZO-1, and occludin levels. SRC3 expression and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway were examined in ICH mice treated with E2. The effect of SRC3 on E2-mediated neuroprotection was determined by examining neurological outcomes in SRC3-deficient mice undergone ICH and E2 treatment. We found that E2 alleviated ICH-induced brain edema and neurological deficits, protected BBB integrity, and suppressed oxidative stress. E2 enhanced SRC3 expression and PI3K-/Akt signaling pathway. SRC3 deficiency abolished the protective effects of E2 on ICH-induced neurological deficits, brain edema, and BBB integrity. Our results suggest that E2 suppresses ICH-induced brain injury and SRC3 plays a critical role in E2-mediated neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Xiao
- Department of Neurology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianyang Liu
- Department of Neurology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jialin He
- Department of Neurology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ziwei Lan
- Department of Neurology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mingyang Deng
- Department of Hematology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhiping Hu
- Department of Neurology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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5
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Diao L, Li Y, Mei Q, Han W, Hu J. Retracted: AIB1 induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition in gastric cancer via the PI3K/AKT signaling. J Cell Biochem 2021; 122:926-933. [PMID: 31692102 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Amplified in breast cancer 1 (AIB1) is overexpression in various cancers and promotes tumor cell proliferation, survival, and invasiveness. However, the role of AIB1 in the regulation of gastric cancer (GC) cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is still largely unclear. In the present study, immunohistochemistry showed that AIB1 was upregulated in our cohort of patients with GC and correlated with poor survival. Knockdown of AIB1 reduced the invasive ability of GC cells, downregulated the expression of epithelial cell marker E-cadherin, and upregulated mesenchymal cell marker vimentin. AIB1 overexpression elicited the opposite effect. PI-103, the inhibitor of the PI3K/AKT signaling, partially reversed AIB1 overexpression mediated a decrease in E-cadherin and an increase in vimentin. The present data demonstrated that AIB1 augmented the EMT via activation of PI3K/AKT signaling. In conclusion, our results suggested a novel role of AIB1 in GC invasion and EMT and raised the possibility of using this molecule as an indicator for GC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Diao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qiao Mei
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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6
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Qin L, Chen J, Lu D, Jain P, Yu Y, Cardenas D, Peng X, Yu X, Xu J, Wang J, O’ Malley BW, Lonard DM. Development of improved SRC-3 inhibitors as breast cancer therapeutic agents. Endocr Relat Cancer 2021; 28:657-670. [PMID: 34310341 PMCID: PMC8404148 DOI: 10.1530/erc-20-0402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Steroid receptor coactivators (SRCs) possess specific and distinct oncogenic roles in the initiation of cancer and in its progression to a more aggressive disease. These coactivators interact with nuclear receptors and other transcription factors to boost transcription of multiple genes, which potentiate cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, tumor angiogenesis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Targeting SRCs using small molecule inhibitors (SMIs) is a promising approach to control cancer progression and metastasis. By high-throughput screening analysis, we recently identified SI-2 as a potent SRC SMI. To develop therapeutic agents, SI-10 and SI-12, the SI-2 analogs are synthesized that incorporate the addition of F atoms to the SI-2 chemical structure. As a result, these analogs exhibit a significantly prolonged plasma half-life, minimal toxicity and improved hERG activity. Biological functional analysis showed that SI-10 and SI-12 treatment (5-50 nM) can significantly inhibit viability, migration and invasion of breast cancer cells in vitro and repress the growth of breast cancer PDX organoids. Treatment of mice with 10 mg/kg/day of either SI-10 or SI-12 was sufficient to repress the growth of xenograft tumors derived from MDA-MB-231 and LM2 cells. Furthermore, in spontaneous and experimental metastasis mouse models developed from MDA-MB-231 and LM2 cells, respectively, SI-10 and SI-12 effectively inhibited the progression of breast cancer lung metastasis. These results demonstrate that SI-10 and SI-12 are promising therapeutic agents and are specifically effective in blocking tumor metastasis, a key point in tumor progression to a more lethal state that results in patient mortality in the majority of cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Qin
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030 USA
| | - Jianwei Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Dong Lu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Prashi Jain
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030 USA
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030 USA
| | - David Cardenas
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030 USA
| | - Xiaohui Peng
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030 USA
| | - Xiaobin Yu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030 USA
| | - Jianming Xu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030 USA
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Bert W. O’ Malley
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030 USA
| | - David M. Lonard
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030 USA
- Corresponding Author: David M. Lonard ()
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7
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SRC-3, a Steroid Receptor Coactivator: Implication in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094760. [PMID: 33946224 PMCID: PMC8124743 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Steroid receptor coactivator-3 (SRC-3), also known as amplified in breast cancer 1 (AIB1), is a member of the SRC family. SRC-3 regulates not only the transcriptional activity of nuclear receptors but also many other transcription factors. Besides the essential role of SRC-3 in physiological functions, it also acts as an oncogene to promote multiple aspects of cancer. This review updates the important progress of SRC-3 in carcinogenesis and summarizes its mode of action, which provides clues for cancer therapy.
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8
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Zheng X, Jia Y, Qiu L, Zeng X, Xu L, Wei M, Huang C, Liu C, Chen L, Han J. A potential target for liver cancer management, lysophosphatidic acid receptor 6 (LPAR6), is transcriptionally up-regulated by the NCOA3 coactivator. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:1474-1488. [PMID: 31914406 PMCID: PMC7008366 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.009899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid receptor 6 (LPAR6) is a G protein-coupled receptor that plays critical roles in cellular morphology and hair growth. Although LPAR6 overexpression is also critical for cancer cell proliferation, its role in liver cancer tumorigenesis and the underlying mechanism are poorly understood. Here, using liver cancer and matched paracancerous tissues, as well as functional assays including cell proliferation, quantitative real-time PCR, RNA-Seq, and ChIP assays, we report that LPAR6 expression is controlled by a mechanism whereby hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) suppresses liver cancer growth. We show that high LPAR6 expression promotes cell proliferation in liver cancer. More importantly, we find that LPAR6 is transcriptionally down-regulated by HGF treatment and that its transcriptional suppression depends on nuclear receptor coactivator 3 (NCOA3). We note that enrichment of NCOA3, which has histone acetyltransferase activity, is associated with histone 3 Lys-27 acetylation (H3K27ac) at the LPAR6 locus in response to HGF treatment, indicating that NCOA3 transcriptionally regulates LPAR6 through the HGF signaling cascade. Moreover, depletion of either LPAR6 or NCOA3 significantly inhibited tumor cell growth in vitro and in vivo (in mouse tumor xenograft assays), similar to the effect of the HGF treatment. Collectively, our findings indicate an epigenetic link between LPAR6 and HGF signaling in liver cancer cells, and suggest that LPAR6 can serve as a biomarker and new strategy for therapeutic interventions for managing liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Department of Abdominal Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yinghui Jia
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lei Qiu
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xinyi Zeng
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Liangliang Xu
- Department of liver Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Mingtian Wei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Canhua Huang
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Cong Liu
- Department of Paediatrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Ministry of Education), West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Liangyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Junhong Han
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Saranyutanon S, Srivastava SK, Pai S, Singh S, Singh AP. Therapies Targeted to Androgen Receptor Signaling Axis in Prostate Cancer: Progress, Challenges, and Hope. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 12:cancers12010051. [PMID: 31877956 PMCID: PMC7016833 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12010051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the mostly commonly diagnosed non-cutaneous malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer-related death affecting men in the United States. Moreover, it disproportionately affects the men of African origin, who exhibit significantly greater incidence and mortality as compared to the men of European origin. Since androgens play an important role in the growth of normal prostate and prostate tumors, targeting of androgen signaling has remained a mainstay for the treatment of aggressive prostate cancer. Over the years, multiple approaches have been evaluated to effectively target the androgen signaling pathway that include direct targeting of the androgens, androgen receptor (AR), AR co-regulators or other alternate mechanisms that impact the outcome of androgen signaling. Several of these approaches are currently in clinical practice, while some are still pending further development and clinical evaluation. This remarkable progress has resulted from extensive laboratory, pre-clinical and clinical efforts, and mechanistic learnings from the therapeutic success and failures. In this review, we describe the importance of androgen signaling in prostate cancer biology and advances made over the years to effectively target this signaling pathway. We also discuss emerging data on the resistance pathways associated with the failure of various androgen signaling- targeted therapies and potential of this knowledge for translation into future therapies for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirin Saranyutanon
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36617, USA; (S.S.)
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Srivastava
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36617, USA; (S.S.)
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA
- Correspondence: (S.K.S.); (A.P.S.); Tel.: +1-251-445-9874 (S.K.S.); +1-251-445-9843 (A.P.S.)
| | - Sachin Pai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA;
| | - Seema Singh
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36617, USA; (S.S.)
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA
| | - Ajay Pratap Singh
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36617, USA; (S.S.)
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA
- Correspondence: (S.K.S.); (A.P.S.); Tel.: +1-251-445-9874 (S.K.S.); +1-251-445-9843 (A.P.S.)
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10
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Cabrita MA, Renart LI, Lau R, Pratt MAC. Intrinsically Disordered SRC-3/AIB1 Protein Undergoes Homeostatic Nuclear Extrusion by Nuclear Budding While Ectopic Expression Induces Nucleophagy. Cells 2019; 8:cells8101278. [PMID: 31635050 PMCID: PMC6830083 DOI: 10.3390/cells8101278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
SRC-3/AIB1 (Amplified in Breast Cancer-1) is a nuclear receptor coactivator for the estrogen receptor in breast cancer cells. It is also an intrinsically disordered protein when not engaged with transcriptional binding partners and degraded upon transcriptional coactivation. Given the amplified expression of SRC-3 in breast cancers, the objective of this study was to determine how increasing SRC-3 protein levels are regulated in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. We found that endogenous SRC-3 was expelled from the nucleus in vesicle-like spheres under normal growth conditions suggesting that this form of nuclear exclusion of SRC-3 is a homeostatic mechanism for regulating nuclear SRC-3 protein. Only SRC-3 not associated with CREB-binding protein (CBP) was extruded from the nucleus. We found that overexpression in MCF-7 cells results in aneuploid senescence and cell death with frequent formation of nuclear aggregates which were consistently juxtaposed to perinuclear microtubules. Transfected SRC-3 was SUMOylated and caused redistribution of nuclear promyelocytic leukemia (PML) bodies and perturbation of the nuclear membrane lamin B1, hallmarks of nucleophagy. Increased SRC-3 protein-induced autophagy and resulted in SUMO-1 localization to the nuclear membrane and formation of protrusions variously containing SRC-3 and chromatin. Aspects of SRC-3 overexpression and toxicity were recapitulated following treatment with clinically relevant agents that stabilize SRC-3 in breast cancer cells. We conclude that amplified SRC-3 levels have major impacts on nuclear protein quality control pathways and may mark cancer cells for sensitivity to protein stabilizing therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Cabrita
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - L Isabel Renart
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Rosanna Lau
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - M A Christine Pratt
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada.
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11
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Zhao Z, Zhou S, Li W, Zhong F, Zhang H, Sheng L, Li Y, Xu M, Xu J, Zhan L, Li B, Wang F, Xie D, Tong Z. AIB1 predicts tumor response to definitive chemoradiotherapy and prognosis in cervical squamous cell carcinoma. J Cancer 2019; 10:5212-5222. [PMID: 31602272 PMCID: PMC6775615 DOI: 10.7150/jca.31697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Amplified in breast cancer 1 (AIB1) gene, has been reported to be associated with biological malignancy in several cancers. However, the molecular status of the AIB1 gene in cervical cancer and the clinicopathological/prognostic significance of AIB1 expression in chemoradiotherapy (CRT) sensitivity have not been determined. In our present study, we found that the high expression of AIB1 was frequent detected in specimens of cervical cancer patients, and this was significantly correlated with CRT response (P = 0.014), clinical stage (P = 0.003), T status (P = 0.027), N status (P = 0.021), M status (P = 0.015) and progression-free survival (P < 0.001). Moreover, the clonogenic survival fraction and cell apoptosis experiments showed that knockdown of AIB1 substantially increased cervical cancer cells sensitivity to ionizing radiation (IR) or cisplatin/5-fluorouracil. Collectively, our results demonstrated that the high expression of AIB1 in cervical cancer cells contributes to the resistance to CRT, which provides the evidence that AIB1 may be a promising predictor of aggressive cervical cancer patients with poor response to CRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenfeng Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shuguang Zhou
- Department of Gynecology, Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wenyu Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Fei Zhong
- Department of Oncology, Fuyang Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, Anhui, China
| | - Heping Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Lei Sheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Meng Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jifei Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Lei Zhan
- Pathology Department of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Bao Li
- The Comprehensive Lab, College of Basic medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Dan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuting Tong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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12
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Chasapi A, Balampanis K, Tanoglidi A, Kourea E, Lambrou GI, Lambadiari V, Kalfarentzos F, Hatziagelaki E, Melachrinou M, Sotiropoulou-Bonikou G. SRC-3/AIB-1 may Enhance Hepatic NFATC1 Transcription and Mediate Inflammation in a Tissue-Specific Manner in Morbid Obesity. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2019; 20:242-255. [PMID: 31322077 DOI: 10.2174/1871530319666190715160630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a global epidemic which is associated with several cardiometabolic comorbidities and is characterized by chronic, low grade systemic inflammation. Numerous biomarkers have been implicated in the pathophysiology of the disease, including transcription factors and coregulators. Steroid Receptor Coactivator (SRC)-family represent the master regulators of metabolic pathways and their dysregulation is strongly associated with numerous metabolic disorders. METHODS 50 morbidly obese patients participated in the present study. Biopsies were collected from visceral adipose tissue, subcutaneous adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, extra-myocellular adipose tissue and liver. We evaluated the differential protein expression of NFATc1, SRC-2/TIF-2, SRC-3/AIB-1 and inflammatory biomarkers CD68 and CD3 by immunohistochemistry. The current study was designed to determine any correlations between the transcription factor NFATc1 and the SRC coregulators, as well as any associations with the inflammatory biomarkers. RESULTS We identified SRC-3 as a hepatic NFATc1 coactivator and we demonstrated its possible role in energy homeostasis and lipid metabolism. Moreover, we revealed a complex and extensive intraand inter-tissue network among the three main investigated proteins and the inflammatory biomarkers, suggesting their potential participation in the obesity-induced inflammatory cascade. CONCLUSION Steroid receptor coactivators are critical regulators of human metabolism with pleiotropic and tissue-specific actions. We believe that our study will contribute to the better understanding of the complex multi-tissue interactions that are disrupted in obesity and can therefore lead to numerous cardiometabolic diseases. Further on, our present findings suggest that SRC-3/AIB-1 could constitute possible future drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athina Chasapi
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Balampanis
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece.,Second Department of Internal Medicine, Research Unit and Diabetes Center, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Rimini 1, Haidari, 12462 Athens, Greece.,Department of Anatomy and Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Anna Tanoglidi
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Akademiska University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Eleni Kourea
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - George I Lambrou
- First Department of Pediatrics, Choremeio Research Laboratory, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Thivon & Levadeias 8, 11527, Goudi, Athens, Greece
| | - Vaia Lambadiari
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Research Unit and Diabetes Center, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Rimini 1, Haidari, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - Fotios Kalfarentzos
- First Department of Propaedeutic Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Laiko General Hospital, 17, Ag. Thoma St, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Erifili Hatziagelaki
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Research Unit and Diabetes Center, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Rimini 1, Haidari, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Melachrinou
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece
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13
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He C, Shan N, Xu P, Ge H, Yuan Y, Liu Y, Zhang P, Wen L, Zhang F, Xiong L, Peng C, Qi H, Tong C, Baker PN. Hypoxia-induced Downregulation of SRC-3 Suppresses Trophoblastic Invasion and Migration Through Inhibition of the AKT/mTOR Pathway: Implications for the Pathogenesis of Preeclampsia. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10349. [PMID: 31316078 PMCID: PMC6637123 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46699-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is characterized by poor placentation, consequent on aberrant extravillous trophoblast (EVT) cell function during placental development. The SRC family of proteins is important during pregnancy, especially SRC-3, which regulates placental morphogenesis and embryo survival. Although SRC-3 expression in mouse trophoblast giant cells has been documented, its role in the functional regulation of extravillous trophoblasts and the development of PE remains unknown. This study found that SRC-3 expression was significantly lower in placentas from PE pregnancies as compared to uncomplicated pregnancies. Additionally, both CoCl2-mimicked hypoxia and suppression of endogenous SRC-3 expression by lentivirus short hairpin RNA attenuated the migration and invasion abilities of HTR-8/SVneo cells. Moreover, we demonstrated that SRC-3 physically interacts with AKT to regulate the migration and invasion of HTR-8 cells, via the AKT/mTOR pathway. We also found that the inhibition of HTR-8 cell migration and invasion by CoCl2-mimicked hypoxia was through the SRC-3/AKT/mTOR axis. Our findings indicate that, in early gestation, accumulation of HIF-1α inhibits the expression of SRC-3, which impairs extravillous trophoblastic invasion and migration by directly interacting with AKT. This potentially leads to insufficient uterine spiral artery remodeling and placental hypoperfusion, and thus the development of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjin He
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,International Collaborative Joint Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Nan Shan
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,International Collaborative Joint Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Ping Xu
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,International Collaborative Joint Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Huisheng Ge
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,International Collaborative Joint Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yu Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,International Collaborative Joint Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yangming Liu
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,International Collaborative Joint Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Pu Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Li Wen
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,International Collaborative Joint Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Fumei Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,International Collaborative Joint Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Liling Xiong
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,International Collaborative Joint Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Chuan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Hongbo Qi
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China. .,International Collaborative Joint Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Chao Tong
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China. .,International Collaborative Joint Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Philip N Baker
- International Collaborative Joint Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.,College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
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14
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Machado MS, Rosa FD, Lira MC, Urtreger AJ, Rubio MF, Costas MA. The inflammatory cytokine TNF contributes with RAC3-induced malignant transformation. EXCLI JOURNAL 2018; 17:1030-1042. [PMID: 30585274 PMCID: PMC6298201 DOI: 10.17179/excli2018-1759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
RAC3 is a coactivator of steroid receptors and NF-κB. It is usually overexpressed in several tumors, contributes to maintain cancer stem cells and also to induce them when is overexpressed in non-tumoral cells. In this work, we investigated whether the inflammatory cytokine TNF may contribute to the transforming effects of RAC3 overexpression in the non-tumoral HEK293 cell line. The study model included the HEK293 tumoral transformed cell line constitutively overexpressing RAC3 by stable transfection and control non-tumoral cells transfected with an empty vector. The HeLa and T47D tumoral cells that naturally overexpress RAC3 were used as positive control. We found that TNF potentiated RAC3-induced mesenchymal transition, involving an increased E-Cadherin downregulation, Vimentin and SNAIL upregulation and enhanced migratory behavior. Moreover, concerning the molecular mechanisms by which TNF potentiates the RAC3 transforming action, they involve the IKK activation, which in addition induced the β-Catenin transactivation. Our results demonstrate that although RAC3 overexpression could be a signal strong enough to induce cancer stem cells, the inflammatory microenvironment may be playing a key role contributing to the migratory and invasive phenotype required for metastasis and cancer persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mileni Soares Machado
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Apoptosis, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, IDIM-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Combatientes de Malvinas 3150, C1427ARO Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Francisco D Rosa
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Apoptosis, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, IDIM-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Combatientes de Malvinas 3150, C1427ARO Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María C Lira
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Apoptosis, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, IDIM-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Combatientes de Malvinas 3150, C1427ARO Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandro J Urtreger
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Oncología Ángel H. Roffo, Área Investigación, Av. San Martín 5481, C1417DTB Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Member of the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)
| | - María F Rubio
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Apoptosis, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, IDIM-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Combatientes de Malvinas 3150, C1427ARO Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Member of the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)
| | - Mónica A Costas
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Apoptosis, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, IDIM-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Combatientes de Malvinas 3150, C1427ARO Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Member of the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)
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15
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Urick ME, Bell DW. In vitro effects of FBXW7 mutation in serous endometrial cancer: Increased levels of potentially druggable proteins and sensitivity to SI-2 and dinaciclib. Mol Carcinog 2018; 57:1445-1457. [PMID: 29963728 PMCID: PMC6168387 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Serous endometrial cancers (ECs) are clinically aggressive tumors that frequently harbor somatic mutations in FBXW7 (F-box and WD repeat domain-containing 7). The FBXW7 tumor suppressor is part of a SCF (complex of SKP1, Cullin 1, F-box protein) ubiquitin ligase complex which controls the degradation of numerous substrates that, if not properly regulated, can contribute to the initiation or progression of tumorigenesis. Despite reports that up to 30% of serous ECs include somatic mutations in FBXW7, the molecular effects of mutated FBXW7 in ECs have not been determined. Here, we used transient transfection and Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) editing in serous EC cell lines to interrogate the molecular effects of six recurrent FBXW7 mutations. We show that FBXW7 mutations lead to increased Cyclin E1, steroid receptor coactivator 3 (SRC-3), c-MYC, Rictor, glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3), P70S6 kinase, and protein kinase B (AKT) phosphorylated protein levels in serous EC cells. Furthermore, we demonstrate that CRISPR-edited FBXW7-mutant ARK1 serous EC cells exhibit increased sensitivity to SI-2 (a SRC inhibitor) and dinaciclib (a cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor) compared to parental ARK1 cells. Collectively, our findings reveal biochemical effects of FBXW7 mutations in the context of EC and provide in vitro evidence of sensitivity to targeted inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Ellen Urick
- Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National
Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892,
USA
| | - Daphne W. Bell
- Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National
Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892,
USA
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16
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Oncogenic non-coding RNA NEAT1 promotes the prostate cancer cell growth through the SRC3/IGF1R/AKT pathway. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2018; 94:125-132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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17
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Yuan Y, Shan N, Tan B, Deng Q, Liu Y, Wang H, Luo X, He C, Luo X, Zhang H, Baker PN, Olson DM, Qi H. SRC-3 Plays a Critical Role in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells by Regulating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway in Preeclampsia. Reprod Sci 2017; 25:748-758. [DOI: 10.1177/1933719117725818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- China–Canada–New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Nan Shan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- China–Canada–New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bin Tan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- China–Canada–New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qinyin Deng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- China–Canada–New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yangming Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- China–Canada–New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hanbin Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- China–Canada–New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaofang Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- China–Canada–New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chengjin He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- China–Canada–New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- China–Canada–New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- China–Canada–New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Philip N. Baker
- China–Canada–New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - David M. Olson
- China–Canada–New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongbo Qi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- China–Canada–New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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18
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Śliwiński L, Cegieła U, Pytlik M, Folwarczna J, Janas A, Zbrojkiewicz M. Effects of fenoterol on the skeletal system depend on the androgen level. Pharmacol Rep 2016; 69:260-267. [PMID: 28126642 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2016.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of sympathetic nervous system in the osseous tissue remodeling is not clear enough. METHODS The effects of fenoterol, a selective β2-adrenomimetic drug, on the skeletal system of normal and androgen deficient (orchidectomized) rats were studied in vivo. Osteoclastogenesis and mRNA expression in osteoblasts were investigated in vitro in mouse cell cultures. RESULTS Fenoterol administered to animals with physiological androgen level unfavorably affected the skeletal system, damaging the bone microarchitecture. Androgen deficiency induced osteoporotic changes, and fenoterol protected the osseous tissue from consequences of androgen deficiency. The results of in vitro studies correlated with the in vivo observations. A significantly increased number of osteoclasts in bone marrow cell cultures to which testosterone and fenoterol were added simultaneously was demonstrated. In cultures without the addition of testosterone, fenoterol significantly inhibited osteoclastogenesis in comparison with control cultures. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate the favorable action of fenoterol in conditions of testosterone deficiency, and its destructive influence upon the skeleton in the presence of androgens. The results confirm the key role of sympathetic nervous system in the regulation of bone remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leszek Śliwiński
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
| | - Urszula Cegieła
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Maria Pytlik
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Joanna Folwarczna
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Janas
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Zbrojkiewicz
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
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19
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Majaz S, Tong Z, Peng K, Wang W, Ren W, Li M, Liu K, Mo P, Li W, Yu C. Histone acetyl transferase GCN5 promotes human hepatocellular carcinoma progression by enhancing AIB1 expression. Cell Biosci 2016; 6:47. [PMID: 27486509 PMCID: PMC4969657 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-016-0114-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND General control non-depressible 5 (GCN5) is a crucial catalytic component of a transcriptional regulatory complex that plays important roles in cellular functions from cell cycle regulation to DNA damage repair. Although GCN5 has recently been implicated in certain oncogenic roles, its role in liver cancer progression remains vague. RESULTS In this study, we report that GCN5 was overexpressed in 17 (54.8 %) of 31 human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) specimens. Down-regulation of GCN5 inhibited HCC cell proliferation and xenograft tumor formation. GCN5 knockdown decreased the protein levels of the proliferation marker proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and amplified in breast cancer 1 (AIB1), but increased the protein levels of cell cycle inhibitor p21(Cip1/Waf1) in HepG2 cells. GCN5 regulated AIB1 expression, at least in part, by cooperating with E2F1 to enhance AIB1 transcription. Consistently, GCN5 expression was positively correlated with AIB1 expression in human HCC specimens in two GEO profile datasets. CONCLUSION Since AIB1 plays a promoting role in HCC progression, our results propose that GCN5 promotes HCC progression at least partially by regulating AIB1 expression. This study implicates that GCN5 might be a potential molecular target for HCC diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidra Majaz
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102 Fujian China
| | - Zhangwei Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102 Fujian China
| | - Kesong Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102 Fujian China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102 Fujian China
| | - Wenjing Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102 Fujian China
| | - Ming Li
- Xiamen City Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Diseases, Chenggong Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Kun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102 Fujian China.,Department of Pathology, Chenggong Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Pingli Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102 Fujian China
| | - Wengang Li
- Xiamen City Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Diseases, Chenggong Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Chundong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102 Fujian China.,Xiamen City Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Diseases, Chenggong Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,School of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of Molecular Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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20
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The Role of Steroid Receptor Coactivators in Hormone Dependent Cancers and Their Potential as Therapeutic Targets. Discov Oncol 2016; 7:229-35. [PMID: 27125199 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-016-0261-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Steroid receptor coactivator (SRC) family members (SRC-1, SRC-2, SRC-3) interact with nuclear receptors (NRs) and many transcription factors to enhance target gene transcription. Deregulation of SRCs is widely implicated in NR mediated diseases, especially hormone dependent cancers. By integrating steroid hormone signaling and growth factor pathways, SRC proteins exert multiple modes of oncogenic regulation in cancers and represent emerging targets for cancer therapeutics. Recent work has identified SRC-targeting agents that show promise in blocking tumor growth in vitro and in vivo, and have the potential to function as powerful and broadly encompassing treatments for different cancers.
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21
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Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common male malignancy and the second highest cause of cancer-related mortality in United States. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that represent a new mechanism to regulate mRNA post-transcriptionally. It is involved in diverse physiological and pathophysiological process. Dysregulation of miRNAs has been associated with the multistep progression of PCa from prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN), localized adenocarcinoma to metastatic castration-resistance PCa (CRPC). Identification of unique miRNA could provide new biomarkers for PCa and develop into therapeutic strategies. In this review, we will summarize a broad spectrum of both tumor suppressive and oncogenic miRNAs, and their mechanisms contribute to prostate carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- U-Ging Lo
- Departments of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Diane Yang
- Departments of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jer-Tsong Hsieh
- Departments of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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22
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Fernández Larrosa PN, Ruíz Grecco M, Mengual Gómez D, Alvarado CV, Panelo LC, Rubio MF, Alonso DF, Gómez DE, Costas MA. RAC3 more than a nuclear receptor coactivator: a key inhibitor of senescence that is downregulated in aging. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e1902. [PMID: 26469953 PMCID: PMC4632280 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Revised: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Receptor-associated coactivator 3 (RAC3) is a nuclear receptor coactivator usually overexpressed in tumors that exerts oncogenic functions in the cytoplasm and the nucleus. Although as part of its oncogenic actions it was previously identified as an inhibitor of apoptosis and autophagy, its expression is required in order to preserve the pluripotency and embryonic stem cell self-renewal. In this work we investigated its role in cellular senescence. We found that RAC3 overexpression in the nontumoral HEK293 cells inhibits the premature senescence induced by hydrogen peroxide or rapamycin. The mechanism involves not only the inhibition of autophagy early induced by these stimuli in the pathway to senescence, but also the increase in levels and nuclear localization of both the cell cycle suppressors p53/p21 and the longevity promoters FOXO1A, FOXO3A and SIRT1. Furthermore, we found that RAC3 overexpression is required in order to maintain the telomerase activity. In tumoral HeLa cells its activity was inhibited by depletion of RAC3 inducing replicative senescence. Moreover, we demonstrated that in vivo, levels of RAC3 are downregulated in the liver from aged as compared with young rats, whereas the levels of p21 are increased, correlating with the expected senescent cell contents in aged tissues. A similar downregulation of RAC3 was observed in the premature and replicative senescence of human fetal WI-38 cells and premature senescence of hepatocyte HepG2 cell line. Taken together, all these results demonstrate that RAC3 is an inhibitor of senescence whose downregulation in aged individuals could be probably a tumor suppressor mechanism, avoiding the clonal expansion of risky old cells having damaged DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- P N Fernández Larrosa
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Apoptosis, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, IDIM-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Combatientes de Malvinas 3150, Buenos Aires C1427ARO, Argentina
| | - M Ruíz Grecco
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Apoptosis, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, IDIM-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Combatientes de Malvinas 3150, Buenos Aires C1427ARO, Argentina
| | - D Mengual Gómez
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, R. Sáenz Peña 352, Bernal, Buenos Aires B1876BXD Argentina
| | - C V Alvarado
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Apoptosis, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, IDIM-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Combatientes de Malvinas 3150, Buenos Aires C1427ARO, Argentina
| | - L C Panelo
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Apoptosis, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, IDIM-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Combatientes de Malvinas 3150, Buenos Aires C1427ARO, Argentina
| | - M F Rubio
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Apoptosis, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, IDIM-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Combatientes de Malvinas 3150, Buenos Aires C1427ARO, Argentina
| | - D F Alonso
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, R. Sáenz Peña 352, Bernal, Buenos Aires B1876BXD Argentina
| | - D E Gómez
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, R. Sáenz Peña 352, Bernal, Buenos Aires B1876BXD Argentina
| | - M A Costas
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Apoptosis, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, IDIM-CONICET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Combatientes de Malvinas 3150, Buenos Aires C1427ARO, Argentina
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23
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Cheang TY, Xing ZH, Li ZL, Zhou HY, Wei JH, Zhou X, Xu AW, Lin Y, Wang SM. Delivery of AIB1 siRNA by Ca 2+/PEI/heparin composite nanoparticles effectively inhibits the growth of human breast cancer. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:7623-7630. [PMID: 32262646 DOI: 10.1039/c5tb01490e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Here, a novel carrier fabricated by the interaction of negatively charged heparin and positively charged PEI and Ca2+ was investigated to deliver AIB1 siRNA into breast cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. Ca2+/PEI/heparin nanoparticles were prepared by simply mixing heparin, PEI and CaCl2 aqueous solution. Heparin in the Ca2+/PEI/heparin nanoparticles (40.9% heparin, w/w) decreased the cytotoxicity of PEI. According to the MTT assay, Ca2+/PEI/heparin NPs are superior to commercial Lipofectamine 2000 considering the safety. The Ca2+/PEI/heparin NPs are able to deliver siAIB1 into breast cancer cells as effectively as Lipofectamine 2000 both in vitro and in vivo. The in vivo experiment also indicated that the NF-κB/BCL-2 signal pathway might be the downstream signal pathway of AIB1 in regulating breast cancer proliferation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Y Cheang
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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24
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Eedunuri VK, Rajapakshe K, Fiskus W, Geng C, Chew SA, Foley C, Shah SS, Shou J, Mohamed JS, Coarfa C, O'Malley BW, Mitsiades N. miR-137 Targets p160 Steroid Receptor Coactivators SRC1, SRC2, and SRC3 and Inhibits Cell Proliferation. Mol Endocrinol 2015; 29:1170-83. [PMID: 26066330 DOI: 10.1210/me.2015-1080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The p160 family of steroid receptor coactivators (SRCs) are pleiotropic transcription factor coactivators and "master regulators" of gene expression that promote cancer cell proliferation, survival, metabolism, migration, invasion, and metastasis. Cancers with high p160 SRC expression exhibit poor clinical outcomes and resistance to therapy, highlighting the SRCs as critical oncogenic drivers and, thus, therapeutic targets. microRNAs are important epigenetic regulators of protein expression. To examine the regulation of p160 SRCs by microRNAs, we used and combined 4 prediction algorithms to identify microRNAs that could target SRC1, SRC2, and SRC3 expression. For validation of these predictions, we assessed p160 SRC protein expression and cell viability after transfection of corresponding microRNA mimetics in breast cancer, uveal melanoma, and prostate cancer (PC) cell lines. Transfection of selected microRNA mimetics into breast cancer, uveal melanoma, and PC cells depleted SRC protein expression levels and exerted potent antiproliferative activity in these cell types. In particular, microRNA-137 (miR-137) depleted expression of SRC1, SRC2, and very potently, SRC3. The latter effect can be attributed to the presence of 3 miR-137 recognition sequences within the SRC3 3'-untranslated region. Using reverse phase protein array analysis, we identified a network of proteins, in addition to SRC3, that were modulated by miR-137 in PC cells. We also found that miR-137 and its host gene are epigenetically silenced in human cancer specimens and cell lines. These results support the development and testing of microRNA-based therapies (in particular based on restoring miR-137 levels) for targeting the oncogenic family of p160 SRCs in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kumar Eedunuri
- Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation (V.K.E.), New Orleans, Louisiana 70130; and Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biology (K.R., W.F., C.G., S.A.C., C.F., S.S.S., J.S., J.S.M., C.C., B.W.O., N.M.) and Department of Medicine (W.F., C.G., S.A.C., C.F., S.S.S., J.S., J.S.M., N.M.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Kimal Rajapakshe
- Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation (V.K.E.), New Orleans, Louisiana 70130; and Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biology (K.R., W.F., C.G., S.A.C., C.F., S.S.S., J.S., J.S.M., C.C., B.W.O., N.M.) and Department of Medicine (W.F., C.G., S.A.C., C.F., S.S.S., J.S., J.S.M., N.M.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Warren Fiskus
- Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation (V.K.E.), New Orleans, Louisiana 70130; and Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biology (K.R., W.F., C.G., S.A.C., C.F., S.S.S., J.S., J.S.M., C.C., B.W.O., N.M.) and Department of Medicine (W.F., C.G., S.A.C., C.F., S.S.S., J.S., J.S.M., N.M.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Chuandong Geng
- Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation (V.K.E.), New Orleans, Louisiana 70130; and Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biology (K.R., W.F., C.G., S.A.C., C.F., S.S.S., J.S., J.S.M., C.C., B.W.O., N.M.) and Department of Medicine (W.F., C.G., S.A.C., C.F., S.S.S., J.S., J.S.M., N.M.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Sue Anne Chew
- Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation (V.K.E.), New Orleans, Louisiana 70130; and Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biology (K.R., W.F., C.G., S.A.C., C.F., S.S.S., J.S., J.S.M., C.C., B.W.O., N.M.) and Department of Medicine (W.F., C.G., S.A.C., C.F., S.S.S., J.S., J.S.M., N.M.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Christopher Foley
- Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation (V.K.E.), New Orleans, Louisiana 70130; and Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biology (K.R., W.F., C.G., S.A.C., C.F., S.S.S., J.S., J.S.M., C.C., B.W.O., N.M.) and Department of Medicine (W.F., C.G., S.A.C., C.F., S.S.S., J.S., J.S.M., N.M.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Shrijal S Shah
- Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation (V.K.E.), New Orleans, Louisiana 70130; and Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biology (K.R., W.F., C.G., S.A.C., C.F., S.S.S., J.S., J.S.M., C.C., B.W.O., N.M.) and Department of Medicine (W.F., C.G., S.A.C., C.F., S.S.S., J.S., J.S.M., N.M.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - John Shou
- Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation (V.K.E.), New Orleans, Louisiana 70130; and Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biology (K.R., W.F., C.G., S.A.C., C.F., S.S.S., J.S., J.S.M., C.C., B.W.O., N.M.) and Department of Medicine (W.F., C.G., S.A.C., C.F., S.S.S., J.S., J.S.M., N.M.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Junaith S Mohamed
- Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation (V.K.E.), New Orleans, Louisiana 70130; and Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biology (K.R., W.F., C.G., S.A.C., C.F., S.S.S., J.S., J.S.M., C.C., B.W.O., N.M.) and Department of Medicine (W.F., C.G., S.A.C., C.F., S.S.S., J.S., J.S.M., N.M.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Cristian Coarfa
- Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation (V.K.E.), New Orleans, Louisiana 70130; and Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biology (K.R., W.F., C.G., S.A.C., C.F., S.S.S., J.S., J.S.M., C.C., B.W.O., N.M.) and Department of Medicine (W.F., C.G., S.A.C., C.F., S.S.S., J.S., J.S.M., N.M.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Bert W O'Malley
- Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation (V.K.E.), New Orleans, Louisiana 70130; and Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biology (K.R., W.F., C.G., S.A.C., C.F., S.S.S., J.S., J.S.M., C.C., B.W.O., N.M.) and Department of Medicine (W.F., C.G., S.A.C., C.F., S.S.S., J.S., J.S.M., N.M.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Nicholas Mitsiades
- Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation (V.K.E.), New Orleans, Louisiana 70130; and Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biology (K.R., W.F., C.G., S.A.C., C.F., S.S.S., J.S., J.S.M., C.C., B.W.O., N.M.) and Department of Medicine (W.F., C.G., S.A.C., C.F., S.S.S., J.S., J.S.M., N.M.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
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25
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Al-Hendy A, Diamond MP, El-Sohemy A, Halder SK. 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 regulates expression of sex steroid receptors in human uterine fibroid cells. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2015; 100:E572-82. [PMID: 25625804 PMCID: PMC4399292 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2014-4011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Uterine fibroids (UFs) are the most common benign tumors in premenopausal women. In this study, we evaluated the effects of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] for the treatment of UFs. OBJECTIVE To determine the role of 1,25(OH)2D3 on the expression of sex steroid receptors in human UF cells. DESIGN Human UFs and their adjacent myometrium were analyzed for expression of estrogen receptor (ER)-α, progesterone receptor (PR)-A, and PR-B, as well as members of the steroid receptor coactivator (SRC) family. Immortalized human uterine fibroid (human uterine leiomyoma [HuLM]) cells were treated with 1,25(OH)2D3 and assayed for the expression and localization of the aforementioned receptors and SRCs using Western blot, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and immunoprecipitation assays. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES We discovered a correlation between reduced levels of vitamin D receptor (VDR) and increased levels of ER-α, PR-A, and PR-B in these tissues. We evaluated the effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 on the regulation of the aforementioned sex steroid receptors. RESULTS We observed an inverse correlation between the up-regulated ER-α, PR-A, and PR-B and expression of VDR in UFs. Treatment with 1,25(OH)2D3 significantly decreased levels of ER-α, PR-A, and PR-B, as well as SRCs in HuLM cells (P < .05). In contrast, 1,25(OH)2D3 self-induced its own VDR, which resulted in an induction of VDR-retinoid X receptor-α complex in HuLM cells. Together, these results suggest that 1,25(OH)2D3 functions as an antagonist of sex steroid hormone receptors in HuLM cells. CONCLUSIONS 1,25(OH)2D3 functions as a potent antiestrogenic/antiprogesteronic agent that may have utility as a novel therapeutic option for UF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman Al-Hendy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (A.A.-H., M.P.D., S.K.H.), Georgia Regents University, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia 30912; and Department of Nutritional Sciences (A.E.-S.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada M5S 3E2
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26
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Anglesio MS, Bashashati A, Wang YK, Senz J, Ha G, Yang W, Aniba MR, Prentice LM, Farahani H, Li Chang H, Karnezis AN, Marra MA, Yong PJ, Hirst M, Gilks B, Shah SP, Huntsman DG. Multifocal endometriotic lesions associated with cancer are clonal and carry a high mutation burden. J Pathol 2015; 236:201-9. [PMID: 25692284 PMCID: PMC6680210 DOI: 10.1002/path.4516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Endometriosis is a significant risk factor for clear cell and endometrioid ovarian cancers and is often found contiguous with these cancers. Using whole‐genome shotgun sequencing of seven clear cell ovarian carcinomas (CCC) and targeted sequencing in synchronous endometriosis, we have investigated how this carcinoma may evolve from endometriosis. In every case we observed multiple tumour‐associated somatic mutations in at least one concurrent endometriotic lesion. ARID1A and PIK3CA mutations appeared consistently in concurrent endometriosis when present in the primary CCC. In several cases, one or more endometriotic lesions carried the near‐complete complement of somatic mutations present in the index CCC tumour. Ancestral mutations were detected in both tumour‐adjacent and ‐distant endometriotic lesions, regardless of any cytological atypia. These findings provide objective evidence that multifocal benign endometriotic lesions are clonally related and that CCCs arising in these patients progress from endometriotic lesions that may already carry sufficient cancer‐associated mutations to be considered neoplasms themselves, albeit with low malignant potential. We speculate that genomically distinct classes of endometriosis exist and that ovarian endometriosis with high mutational burden represents one class at high risk for malignant transformation. © 2015 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Anglesio
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Ali Bashashati
- Department of Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency Research Center, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Yi Kan Wang
- Department of Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency Research Center, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Janine Senz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Gavin Ha
- Department of Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency Research Center, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Winnie Yang
- Department of Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency Research Center, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Mohamed R Aniba
- Department of Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency Research Center, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Leah M Prentice
- Department of Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency Research Center, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Hossein Farahani
- Department of Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency Research Center, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Hector Li Chang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Anthony N Karnezis
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Marco A Marra
- Michael Smith Genome Science Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency Research Center, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Paul J Yong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Martin Hirst
- Michael Smith Genome Science Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency Research Center, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Blake Gilks
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Anatomical Pathology, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Sohrab P Shah
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency Research Center, Vancouver, Canada
| | - David G Huntsman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency Research Center, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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27
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Sliwiński L, Folwarczna J, Pytlik M, Cegieła U, Nowińska B, Trzeciak H, Trzeciak HI. Do effects of propranolol on the skeletal system depend on the estrogen status? Pharmacol Rep 2014; 65:1345-56. [PMID: 24399731 DOI: 10.1016/s1734-1140(13)71493-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2012] [Revised: 06/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Propranolol, a nonselective β-adrenergic receptor antagonist, was reported to favorably affect the skeletal system in different animal models. The aim of the study was to investigate whether the effects of propranolol on the skeletal system depend on the estrogen status. METHODS The in vivo experiments were carried out on the following groups of mature female Wistar rats: sham-operated control rats, sham-operated rats receiving propranolol, ovariectomized (OVX) control rats, OVX rats receiving propranolol, OVX rats receiving estradiol, OVX rats receiving estradiol and propranolol. Propranolol hydrochloride (10 mg/kg po) and/or estradiol (0.1 mg/kg po) were administered daily for 4 weeks. Bone mass, mineral and calcium content, macrometric and histomorphometric parameters, and mechanical properties were examined. In vitro, effects of estradiol and propranolol on the formation of mouse osteoclasts and on the mRNA expression of genes related to osteoclastogenesis, bone formation and mineralization, as well as adrenergic and estrogen signalling in mouse osteoblasts were investigated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Propranolol exerted some favorable effects on the rat skeletal system in vivo, independently of the estrogen status. However, in vitro studies indicated a possibility of some antagonistic relations between the estradiol and propranolol effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leszek Sliwiński
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Jagiellońska 4, PL 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland.
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28
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Xia X, Wan W, Chen Q, Liu K, Majaz S, Mo P, Xu J, Yu C. Deficiency in steroid receptor coactivator 3 enhances cytokine production in IgE-stimulated mast cells and passive systemic anaphylaxis in mice. Cell Biosci 2014; 4:21. [PMID: 24834318 PMCID: PMC4021842 DOI: 10.1186/2045-3701-4-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2013] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Steroid receptor coactivator 3 (SRC-3) is a multifunctional protein that plays an important role in malignancy of several cancers and in regulation of bacterial LPS-induced inflammation. However, the involvement of SRC-3 in allergic response remains unclear. Herein we used passive systemic anaphylaxis (PSA) and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) mouse models to assess the role of SRC-3 in allergic response. Results SRC-3-deficient mice exhibited more severe allergic response as demonstrated by a significant drop in body temperature and a delayed recovery period compared to wild-type mice in PSA mouse model, whereas no significant difference was observed between two kinds of mice in PCA mouse models. Mast cells play a pivotal role in IgE-mediated allergic response. Antigen-induced aggregation of IgE receptor (FcϵRI) on the surface of mast cell activates a cascade of signaling events leading to the degranulation and cytokine production in mast cells. SRC-3-deficient bone marrow derived mast cells (BMMCs) developed normally but secreted more proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6 than wild-type cells after antigen stimulation, whereas there was no significant difference in degranulation between two kinds of mast cells. Further studies showed that SRC-3 inhibited the activation of nuclear factor NF-κB pathway and MAPKs including extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 in antigen-stimulated mast cells. Conclusions Our data demonstrate that SRC-3 suppresses cytokine production in antigen-stimulated mast cells as well as PSA in mice at least in part through inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. Therefore, SRC-3 plays a protective role in PSA and it may become a drug target for anaphylactic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochun Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang-An South Road, Xiamen, Fujian 360112, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Wei Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang-An South Road, Xiamen, Fujian 360112, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang-An South Road, Xiamen, Fujian 360112, China
| | - Kun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang-An South Road, Xiamen, Fujian 360112, China
| | - Sidra Majaz
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang-An South Road, Xiamen, Fujian 360112, China
| | - Pingli Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang-An South Road, Xiamen, Fujian 360112, China
| | - Jianming Xu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chundong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang-An South Road, Xiamen, Fujian 360112, China
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Wang Y, Lonard DM, Yu Y, Chow DC, Palzkill TG, Wang J, Qi R, Matzuk AJ, Song X, Madoux F, Hodder P, Chase P, Griffin PR, Zhou S, Liao L, Xu J, O'Malley BW. Bufalin is a potent small-molecule inhibitor of the steroid receptor coactivators SRC-3 and SRC-1. Cancer Res 2014; 74:1506-1517. [PMID: 24390736 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-13-2939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Virtually all transcription factors partner with coactivators that recruit chromatin remodeling factors and interact with the basal transcription machinery. Coactivators have been implicated in cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis, including the p160 steroid receptor coactivator (SRC) family composed of SRC-1 (NCOA1), SRC-2 (TIF2/GRIP1/NCOA2), and SRC-3 (AIB1/ACTR/NCOA3). Given their broad involvement in many cancers, they represent candidate molecular targets for new chemotherapeutics. Here, we report on the results of a high-throughput screening effort that identified the cardiac glycoside bufalin as a potent small-molecule inhibitor for SRC-3 and SRC-1. Bufalin strongly promoted SRC-3 protein degradation and was able to block cancer cell growth at nanomolar concentrations. When incorporated into a nanoparticle delivery system, bufalin was able to reduce tumor growth in a mouse xenograft model of breast cancer. Our work identifies bufalin as a potentially broad-spectrum small-molecule inhibitor for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - David M Lonard
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Dar-Chone Chow
- Department of Pharmacology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Timothy G Palzkill
- Department of Pharmacology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ruogu Qi
- Department of Pharmacology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Alexander J Matzuk
- Department of Pharmacology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xianzhou Song
- Department of Pharmacology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Franck Madoux
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Peter Hodder
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Peter Chase
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Patrick R Griffin
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Suoling Zhou
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lan Liao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jianming Xu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Bert W O'Malley
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Luo F, Li W, Zhang J, Huang K, Fu J, Xie Z. Overexpression of steroid receptor coactivator-3 in bone cancers: an in vivo immunohistochemical study with tissue microarray. Pathol Res Pract 2013; 209:790-6. [PMID: 24134957 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2013.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Revised: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Bone tissue is steroid-responsive and profoundly regulated by steroids and/or their receptors. Bone cancers (either primary or metastatic) belong to the most dangerous tumors. Previous studies have demonstrated overexpression of steroid receptor coactivator-3 (SRC-3) in many cancers, such as breast cancer, prostate cancer, thyroid cancer, functioning in the regulation of cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. However, so far, the expression and function of SRC-3 in bone cancers have not yet been clarified. In this study, nickel-intensified immunohistochemistry was conducted using a commercial tissue microarray (with 94 cases of bone cancer tissue and 10 normal bone tissues), and the 4-scoring system was employed to evaluate the expression levels of SRC-3 immunoreactivity. The results showed that in normal bone tissue, levels of SRC-3 are almost negative (score=0), the total positivity (score=1-3) of SRC-3 immunoreactivities in bone cancers was 74.47%. There were no significant differences in gender, status (malignant or benign) or (mean) age (p>0.05). The percentage of positivity was 77.78% in osteogenic tumors, 58.82% in cartilage tumors, 70% in giant cell tumors, 100% in hematopoietic tumors, 77.78% in miscellaneous lesions, and 75% in miscellaneous tumors. Age related differences of SRC-3 immunoreactivities were detected in cartilage tumors and giant cell tumors (p<0.05). The above results clearly demonstrated a high frequency of overexpression of SRC-3 immunoreactivities in different bone cancers, indicating its potential roles in the prognosis and treatment of these cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Luo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
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Prostate cancer-associated mutations in speckle-type POZ protein (SPOP) regulate steroid receptor coactivator 3 protein turnover. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:6997-7002. [PMID: 23559371 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1304502110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The p160 steroid receptor coactivators (SRCs) SRC-1, SRC-2 [nuclear receptor coactivator (NCOA)2], and SRC-3 [amplified in breast cancer 1 (AIB1)/NCOA3] are key pleiotropic "master regulators" of transcription factor activity necessary for cancer cell proliferation, survival, metabolism, and metastasis. SRC overexpression and overactivation occur in numerous human cancers and are associated with poor clinical outcomes and resistance to therapy. In prostate cancer (PC), the p160 SRCs play critical roles in androgen receptor transcriptional activity, cell proliferation, and resistance to androgen deprivation therapy. We recently demonstrated that the E3 ubiquitin ligase adaptor speckle-type poxvirus and zinc finger (POZ) domain protein (SPOP) interacts directly with SRC-3 and promotes its cullin 3-dependent ubiquitination and proteolysis in breast cancer, thus functioning as a potential tumor suppressor. Interestingly, somatic heterozygous missense mutations in the SPOP substrate-binding cleft recently were identified in up to 15% of human PCs (making SPOP the gene most commonly affected by nonsynonymous point mutations in PC), but their contribution to PC pathophysiology remains unknown. We now report that PC-associated SPOP mutants cannot interact with SRC-3 protein or promote its ubiquitination and degradation. Our data suggest that wild-type SPOP plays a critical tumor suppressor role in PC cells, promoting the turnover of SRC-3 protein and suppressing androgen receptor transcriptional activity. This tumor suppressor effect is abrogated by the PC-associated SPOP mutations. These studies provide a possible explanation for the role of SPOP mutations in PC, and highlight the potential of SRC-3 as a therapeutic target in PC.
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Guo S, Xu J, Xue R, Liu Y, Yu H. Overexpression of AIB1 correlates inversely with E-cadherin expression in pancreatic adenocarcinoma and may promote lymph node metastasis. Int J Clin Oncol 2013; 19:319-24. [PMID: 23542947 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-013-0549-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2012] [Accepted: 03/09/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It was reported that the nuclear receptor coactivator amplified in breast cancer1 (AIB1) could regulate cancer cell invasion and migration in a nuclear receptor signaling-independent manner. Meanwhile, the process of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) is critical for tumor invasion and metastasis. The present study aimed to determine the role of AIB1 and EMT markers in human pancreatic adenocarcinoma. METHODS AIB1, ZO-1, E-cadherin, vimentin, and N-cadherin protein expression in 76 pancreatic adenocarcinomas were assessed using immunohistochemistry and analyzed for clinicopathological significance. RESULTS The frequency of AIB1 overexpression in pancreatic adenocarcinomas with lymph node metastasis is 68 % (19/28), which is significantly higher than in pancreatic adenocarcinomas without lymph node metastasis (42 %; 20/48). In addition, the frequency of low expression of E-cadherin in pancreatic carcinomas with lymph node metastasis (68 %; 19/28) was significantly higher than in tumors without lymph node metastasis (44 %; 21/48). Correlation analysis demonstrated that the overexpression of AIB1 was inversely correlated with low expression of E-cadherin in pancreatic adenocarcinomas. CONCLUSION Overexpression of AIB1 might promote invasion and metastasis of cancer cells and is associated with down-regulation of E-cadherin in pancreatic adenocarcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Guo
- Clinical Laboratory, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, 7 Wei Wu Road, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
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PTEN suppresses the oncogenic function of AIB1 through decreasing its protein stability via mechanism involving Fbw7 alpha. Mol Cancer 2013; 12:21. [PMID: 23514585 PMCID: PMC3610140 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-12-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2012] [Accepted: 03/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) is a phosphatase having both protein and lipid phosphatase activities, and is known to antagonize the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/AKT (PI3K/AKT) signaling pathway, resulting in tumor suppression. PTEN is also known to play a role in the regulation of numerous transcription factors. Amplified in breast cancer 1 (AIB1) is a transcriptional coactivator that mediates the transcriptional activities of nuclear receptors and other transcription factors. The present study investigated how PTEN may regulate AIB1, which is amplified and/or overexpressed in many human carcinomas, including breast cancers. RESULTS PTEN interacted with AIB1 via its phophatase domain and regulated the transcriptional activity of AIB1 by enhancing the ubiquitin-mediated degradation of AIB1. This process did not appear to require the phosphatase activity of PTEN, but instead, involved the interaction between PTEN and F-box and WD repeat domain-containing 7 alpha (Fbw7α), the E3 ubiquitin ligase involved in the ubiquitination of AIB1. PTEN interacted with Fbw7α via its C2 domain, thereby acting as a bridge between AIB1 and Fbw7α, and this led to enhanced degradation of AIB1, which eventually accounted for its decreased transcriptional activity. At the cell level, knockdown of PTEN in MCF-7 cells promoted cell proliferation. However when AIB1 was also knocked down, knockdown of PTEN had no effect on cell proliferation. CONCLUSIONS PTEN might act as a negative regulator of AIB1 whereby the association of PTEN with both AIB1 and Fbw7α could lead to the downregulation of AIB1 transcriptional activity, with the consequence of regulating the oncogenic function of AIB1.
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AIB1 predicts bladder cancer outcome and promotes bladder cancer cell proliferation through AKT and E2F1. Br J Cancer 2013; 108:1470-9. [PMID: 23511556 PMCID: PMC3629431 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: We previously demonstrated that AIB1 overexpression is an independent molecular marker for shortened survival of bladder cancer (BC) patients. In this study, we characterised the role and molecular mechanisms of AIB1 in BC tumorigenicity. Methods: AIB1 expression was measured by immunohistochemistry in non-muscle-invasive BC tissue and adjacent normal bladder tissue. In addition, the tumorigenicity of AIB1 was assessed with in vitro and in vivo functional assays. Results: Overexpression of AIB1 was observed in tissues from 46 out of 146 patients with non-muscle-invasive BC and was an independent predictor for poor progression-free survival. Lentivirus-mediated AIB1 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo, whereas AIB1 overexpression promoted cell proliferation in vitro. The growth-inhibitory effect induced by AIB1 knockdown was mediated by G1 arrest, which was caused by reduced expression of key cell-cycle regulatory proteins through the AKT pathway and E2F1. Conclusion: Our results suggest that AIB1 promotes BC cell proliferation through the AKT pathway and E2F1. Furthermore, AIB1 overexpression predicts tumour progression in patients with non-muscle-invasive BC.
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Carretero J, Blanco EJ, Carretero M, Carretero-Hernández M, García-Barrado MJ, Iglesias-Osma MC, Burks DJ, Font de Mora J. The expression of AIB1 correlates with cellular proliferation in human prolactinomas. Ann Anat 2013; 195:253-9. [PMID: 23433587 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2013.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Revised: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 01/12/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Estrogens as well as certain growth factors strongly influence the development and growth of prolactinomas. However, the molecular mechanisms by which extracellular factors trigger prolactinomas are not well known. Amplified in breast cancer 1 (AIB1), also known as steroid receptor co-activator 3 (SRC-3), belongs to the p160/SRC family of nuclear receptor co-activators and is a major co-activator of the estrogen receptor. Here, we report that the estrogen receptor coactivator AIB1 is overexpressed in human prolactinomas and correlates with the detection of aromatase and estrogen receptor α (ERα). Of the 87 pituitary tumors evaluated in women, 56%, corresponding to hyperoprolactinemic women, contained an enriched population of prolactin-positive cells and hence were further classified as prolactinomas. All prolactinomas stained positive for both ERα and AIB1. Moreover, AIB1 sub-cellular distribution was indicative of the cell-cycle status of tumors; the nuclear expression of AIB1 was correlated with proliferative markers whereas the cytoplasmic localization of AIB1 coincided with active caspase-3. Thus, our results demonstrate for the first time that AIB1 is expressed in prolactinomas and suggest its participation in the regulation of proliferation and apoptosis of tumoral cells. Because aromatase expression is also enhanced in these prolactinomas and it is involved in the local production of estradiol, both mechanisms, ER-AIB1 and aromatase could be related.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Carretero
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Spain.
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Wei J, Cheang T, Tang B, Xia H, Xing Z, Chen Z, Fang Y, Chen W, Xu A, Wang S, Luo J. The inhibition of human bladder cancer growth by calcium carbonate/CaIP6 nanocomposite particles delivering AIB1 siRNA. Biomaterials 2013; 34:1246-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.09.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Accepted: 09/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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The nuclear cofactor RAC3/AIB1/SRC-3 enhances Nrf2 signaling by interacting with transactivation domains. Oncogene 2012; 32:514-27. [PMID: 22370642 PMCID: PMC3538952 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2012.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2, NM 006164, 605 AA) is essential for the antioxidant responsive element (ARE)-mediated expression of a group of detoxifying antioxidant genes that detoxify carcinogens and protect against oxidative stress. Several proteins have been identified as Nrf2-interacting molecules. In this study, we found that the overexpression of receptor-associated coactivator 3 (RAC3)/AIB-1/steroid receptor coactivator-3, a nuclear coregulator and oncogene frequently amplified in human breast cancers, induced heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) through Nrf2 transactivation in HeLa cells. Next, we determined the interaction between RAC3 and Nrf2 proteins using a co-immunoprecipitation assay and fluorescence resonance energy transfer analysis. The results showed that RAC3 bound directly to the Nrf2 protein in the nucleus. Subsequently, we identified the interacting domains of Nrf2 and RAC3 using a glutathione S-transferase pull-down assay. The results showed that both the N-terminal RAC3-pasB and C-terminal RAC3-R3B3 domains were tightly bound to the Neh4 and Neh5 transactivation domains. Furthermore, chromatin immunoprecipitation showed that RAC3 bound tightly to the ARE enhancer region of the HO-1 promoter via Nrf2 binding. These data suggest that Nrf2 activation is modulated and directly controlled through interactions with the RAC3 protein in HeLa cells.
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Dasgupta S, Srinidhi S, Vishwanatha JK. Oncogenic activation in prostate cancer progression and metastasis: Molecular insights and future challenges. J Carcinog 2012; 11:4. [PMID: 22438770 PMCID: PMC3307249 DOI: 10.4103/1477-3163.93001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2011] [Accepted: 12/01/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a leading cause of death among men in the United States, and currently early diagnosis and appropriate treatment remain key approaches for patient care. Molecularly prostate cancer cells carry multiple perturbations that generate malignant phenotype capable of uncontrolled growth, survival, and invasion-metastasis to other organs. These alterations are acquired both by genetic and epigenetic changes in tumor cells resulting in the activation of growth factor receptors, signaling proteins, kinases, transcription factors and coregulators, and multiple proteases required for the progression of the disease. Recent advances provide novel insights into the molecular functions of these oncogenic activators, implicating potential therapeutic targeting opportunities for the treatment of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhamoy Dasgupta
- Department of Molecular Biology and Immunology, and Institute for Cancer Research, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
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Park YY, Kim K, Kim SB, Hennessy BT, Kim SM, Park ES, Lim JY, Li J, Lu Y, Gonzalez-Angulo AM, Jeong W, Mills GB, Safe S, Lee JS. Reconstruction of nuclear receptor network reveals that NR2E3 is a novel upstream regulator of ESR1 in breast cancer. EMBO Mol Med 2011; 4:52-67. [PMID: 22174013 PMCID: PMC3376834 DOI: 10.1002/emmm.201100187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2011] [Revised: 10/17/2011] [Accepted: 10/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
ESR1 is one of the most important transcription factors and therapeutic targets in breast cancer. By applying systems-level re-analysis of publicly available gene expression data, we uncovered a potential regulator of ESR1. We demonstrated that orphan nuclear receptor NR2E3 regulates ESR1 via direct binding to the ESR1 promoter with concomitant recruitment of PIAS3 to the promoter in breast cancer cells, and is essential for physiological cellular activity of ESR1 in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer cells. Moreover, expression of NR2E3 was significantly associated with recurrence-free survival and a favourable response to tamoxifen treatment in women with ER-positive breast cancer. Our results provide mechanistic insights on the regulation of ESR1 by NR2E3 and the clinical relevance of NR2E3 in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Yong Park
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Androgen receptor co-activators in the regulation of cellular events in prostate cancer. World J Urol 2011; 30:297-302. [PMID: 22105110 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-011-0797-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2011] [Accepted: 11/07/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Androgen receptor (AR) action in benign and malignant tissue is potentiated by a number of co-regulatory proteins that may interact with one or more receptor domains. With improvement of research methodologies, it became possible to detect a number of co-activators whose expression is increased in prostate cancer tissue. METHODS Manuscripts describing prostate cancer-relevant regulation of cellular events by co-activators are selected and summarized. RESULTS AR co-activators may regulate histone modification, proteasomal degradation, chaperones, sumoylation, chromatin remodeling, and cytoskeleton. Some of them (TIF-2) are up-regulated by androgens, whereas the expression of others increases during androgen ablation (p300, CBP, and Tip60). Most co-factors are important for the stimulation of cellular proliferation, although in some cases (ART-27), they act as tumor suppressors and are deleted in prostate cancer tissue. In addition to stimulating AR, some co-activators suppress apoptosis in prostate cancer cells that do not express the AR (p300 and SRC-3). It was recently shown that the inhibition of p300 slows down proliferation, stimulates apoptosis, and inhibits migration and invasion. CONCLUSIONS Co-factors whose down-regulation results in the alterations of multiple cellular functions may be valid targets for novel therapies in advanced prostate cancer.
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Macfarlane LA, Murphy PR. MicroRNA: Biogenesis, Function and Role in Cancer. Curr Genomics 2011; 11:537-61. [PMID: 21532838 PMCID: PMC3048316 DOI: 10.2174/138920210793175895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1219] [Impact Index Per Article: 93.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2010] [Revised: 08/23/2010] [Accepted: 09/06/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are small, highly conserved non-coding RNA molecules involved in the regulation of gene expression. MicroRNAs are transcribed by RNA polymerases II and III, generating precursors that undergo a series of cleavage events to form mature microRNA. The conventional biogenesis pathway consists of two cleavage events, one nuclear and one cytoplasmic. However, alternative biogenesis pathways exist that differ in the number of cleavage events and enzymes responsible. How microRNA precursors are sorted to the different pathways is unclear but appears to be determined by the site of origin of the microRNA, its sequence and thermodynamic stability. The regulatory functions of microRNAs are accomplished through the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). MicroRNA assembles into RISC, activating the complex to target messenger RNA (mRNA) specified by the microRNA. Various RISC assembly models have been proposed and research continues to explore the mechanism(s) of RISC loading and activation. The degree and nature of the complementarity between the microRNA and target determine the gene silencing mechanism, slicer-dependent mRNA degradation or slicer-independent translation inhibition. Recent evidence indicates that P-bodies are essential for microRNA-mediated gene silencing and that RISC assembly and silencing occurs primarily within P-bodies. The P-body model outlines microRNA sorting and shuttling between specialized P-body compartments that house enzymes required for slicer –dependent and –independent silencing, addressing the reversibility of these silencing mechanisms. Detailed knowledge of the microRNA pathways is essential for understanding their physiological role and the implications associated with dysfunction and dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigh-Ann Macfarlane
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, 5850 College Street, Sir Charles Tupper Medical Building, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 1X5, Canada
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Hu ZZ, Kagan BL, Ariazi EA, Rosenthal DS, Zhang L, Li JV, Huang H, Wu C, Jordan VC, Riegel AT, Wellstein A. Proteomic analysis of pathways involved in estrogen-induced growth and apoptosis of breast cancer cells. PLoS One 2011; 6:e20410. [PMID: 21738574 PMCID: PMC3124472 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0020410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2011] [Accepted: 04/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Estrogen is a known growth promoter for estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer cells. Paradoxically, in breast cancer cells that have been chronically deprived of estrogen stimulation, re-introduction of the hormone can induce apoptosis. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Here, we sought to identify signaling networks that are triggered by estradiol (E2) in isogenic MCF-7 breast cancer cells that undergo apoptosis (MCF-7:5C) versus cells that proliferate upon exposure to E2 (MCF-7). The nuclear receptor co-activator AIB1 (Amplified in Breast Cancer-1) is known to be rate-limiting for E2-induced cell survival responses in MCF-7 cells and was found here to also be required for the induction of apoptosis by E2 in the MCF-7:5C cells. Proteins that interact with AIB1 as well as complexes that contain tyrosine phosphorylated proteins were isolated by immunoprecipitation and identified by mass spectrometry (MS) at baseline and after a brief exposure to E2 for two hours. Bioinformatic network analyses of the identified protein interactions were then used to analyze E2 signaling pathways that trigger apoptosis versus survival. Comparison of MS data with a computationally-predicted AIB1 interaction network showed that 26 proteins identified in this study are within this network, and are involved in signal transduction, transcription, cell cycle regulation and protein degradation. CONCLUSIONS G-protein-coupled receptors, PI3 kinase, Wnt and Notch signaling pathways were most strongly associated with E2-induced proliferation or apoptosis and are integrated here into a global AIB1 signaling network that controls qualitatively distinct responses to estrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang-Zhi Hu
- Lombardi Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C., United States of America
- Protein Information Resource, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Benjamin L. Kagan
- Lombardi Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Eric A. Ariazi
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Dean S. Rosenthal
- Lombardi Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Lihua Zhang
- Lombardi Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Jordan V. Li
- Lombardi Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Hongzhan Huang
- Protein Information Resource, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Cathy Wu
- Protein Information Resource, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - V. Craig Jordan
- Lombardi Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Anna T. Riegel
- Lombardi Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Anton Wellstein
- Lombardi Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C., United States of America
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Ma G, Ren Y, Wang K, He J. SRC-3 has a role in cancer other than as a nuclear receptor coactivator. Int J Biol Sci 2011; 7:664-72. [PMID: 21647249 PMCID: PMC3107475 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.7.664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2011] [Accepted: 05/01/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Steroid receptor coactivator-3 (SRC-3), also known as AIB1, is a member of the p160 steroid receptor coactivator family. Since SRC-3 was found to be amplified in breast cancer in 1997, the role of SRC-3 in cancer has been broadly investigated. SRC-3 initially was identified as a transcriptional coactivator for nuclear receptors such as the estrogen receptor (ER), involved in the proliferation of hormone-dependent cancers. However, increasing clinical evidence shows that dysregulation of SRC-3 expression in several human hormone-independent cancers is correlated with pathological factors and clinical prognosis. Recently, both in vivo and in vitro studies demonstrate that SRC-3 may influence a number of cancer cellular processes in several ways independent of nuclear receptor signaling. In addition, an SRC-3 transgenic mice model shows that SRC-3 induces tumors in several mouse tissues. These results indicate that the role of SRC-3 in cancer is not just as a nuclear receptor coactivator. The focus of this review is to examine possible SRC-3 roles in cancer, other than as a nuclear receptor coactivator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Ma
- Department of Surgical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, P. R. China
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Tumor-suppressor role for the SPOP ubiquitin ligase in signal-dependent proteolysis of the oncogenic co-activator SRC-3/AIB1. Oncogene 2011; 30:4350-64. [PMID: 21577200 PMCID: PMC3158261 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2011.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Steroid receptor co-activator-3 (SRC-3/AIB1) is an oncogene that is amplified and overexpressed in many human cancers. However, the molecular mechanisms that regulate 'activated SRC-3 oncoprotein' turnover during tumorigenesis remain to be elucidated. Here, we report that speckle-type POZ protein (SPOP), a cullin 3 (CUL3)-based ubiquitin ligase, is responsible for SRC-3 ubiquitination and proteolysis. SPOP interacts directly with an SRC-3 phospho-degron in a phosphorylation-dependent manner. Casein kinase Iɛ phosphorylates the S102 in this degron and promotes SPOP-dependent turnover of SRC-3. Short hairpin RNA knockdown and overexpression experiments substantiated that the SPOP/CUL3/Rbx1 ubiquitin ligase complex promotes SRC-3 turnover. A systematic analysis of the SPOP genomic locus revealed that a high percentage of genomic loss or loss of heterozygosity occurs at this locus in breast cancers. Furthermore, we demonstrate that restoration of SPOP expression inhibited SRC-3-mediated oncogenic signaling and tumorigenesis, thus positioning SPOP as a tumor suppressor.
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Habermann JK, Brucker CA, Freitag-Wolf S, Heselmeyer-Haddad K, Krüger S, Barenboim L, Downing T, Bruch HP, Auer G, Roblick UJ, Ried T. Genomic instability and oncogene amplifications in colorectal adenomas predict recurrence and synchronous carcinoma. Mod Pathol 2011; 24:542-55. [PMID: 21102417 PMCID: PMC7337970 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2010.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Individual colorectal adenomas have different propensities to progress to invasive disease. In this study, we explored whether these differences could be explained by gene copy number alterations. We evaluated 18 adenomas of patients without synchronous or subsequent carcinoma (6.5 years follow-up), 23 adenomas of carcinoma patients, and 6 related carcinomas. All samples were measured for their DNA ploidy status. Centromere probes for chromosomes 17 and 18, as well as gene-specific probes for SMAD7, EGFR, NCOA3, TP53, MYC, and RAB20 were assessed by multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization. An increased genomic instability index of CEP17, SMAD7, and EGFR, as well as TP53 deletions and MYC amplifications defined adenomas of patients with synchronous carcinoma (P<0.05). Diploid NCOA3 signal counts were associated with longer adenoma recurrence-free surveillance (P=0.042). In addition, NCOA3, MYC, EGFR, and RAB20 amplifications, as well as TP53 deletions correlated with increased DNA stem line values and/or aneuploidy in adenomas (P<0.05). Furthermore, aberrations of NCOA3, MYC, and RAB20 were associated with histopathologically defined high-risk adenomas (P<0.05). RAB20 amplifications were also correlated with high-grade dysplastic adenomas (P=0.002). We conclude that genomic instability in colorectal adenomas is reflected by EGFR, MYC, NCOA3, and RAB20 amplifications that do correlate with histomorphological features and are indicative for adenoma recurrence and the presence of synchronous carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens K Habermann
- Department of Surgery, University Clinic Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
| | - Constanze A Brucker
- Department of Surgery, University Clinic Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany,Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sandra Freitag-Wolf
- Institute for Medical Informatics and Statistics, University Clinic Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Krüger
- Institute of Pathology, University Clinic Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Linda Barenboim
- Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tricia Downing
- Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hans-Peter Bruch
- Department of Surgery, University Clinic Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Gert Auer
- Unit of Cancer Proteomics, Karolinska Biomic Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Uwe J Roblick
- Department of Surgery, University Clinic Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany,Unit of Cancer Proteomics, Karolinska Biomic Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas Ried
- Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Wang C, Tian L, Popov VM, Pestell RG. Acetylation and nuclear receptor action. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2011; 123:91-100. [PMID: 21167281 PMCID: PMC3056342 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2010.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2010] [Revised: 12/03/2010] [Accepted: 12/06/2010] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Acetylation is an essential post-translational modification featuring an acetyl group that is covalently conjugated to a protein substrate. Histone acetylation was first proposed nearly half a century ago by Dr. Vincent Allfrey. Subsequent studies have shown that the acetylated core histones are often associated with transcriptionally active chromatin. Acetylation at lysine residues of histone tails neutralizes the positive charge, which decreases their binding ability to DNA and increases the accessibility of transcription factors and coactivators to the chromatin template. In addition to histones, a number of non-histone substrates are acetylated. Acetylation of non-histone proteins governs biological processes, such as cellular proliferation and survival, transcriptional activity, and intracellular trafficking. We demonstrated that acetylation of transcription factors can regulate cellular growth. Furthermore, we showed that nuclear receptors (NRs) are acetylated at a phylogenetically conserved motif. Since our initial observations with the estrogen and androgen receptors, more than a dozen NRs have been shown to function as substrates for acetyltransferases with diverse functional consequences. This review focuses on the acetylation of NRs and the effect of acetylation on NR function. We discuss the potential role of acetylation in disease initiation and progression with an emphasis on tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenguang Wang
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, 233 S. 10th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Lifeng Tian
- Department of Cancer Biology, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, 233 S. 10th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Vladimir M. Popov
- Department of Cancer Biology, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, 233 S. 10th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Richard G. Pestell
- Department of Cancer Biology, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, 233 S. 10th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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Chen Q, Chen T, Xu Y, Zhu J, Jiang Y, Zhao Y, Xu J, Yu C. Steroid receptor coactivator 3 is required for clearing bacteria and repressing inflammatory response in Escherichia coli-induced septic peritonitis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2010; 185:5444-52. [PMID: 20881187 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0903802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Steroid receptor coactivator 3 (SRC-3) is a multifunctional protein that plays an important role in regulation of bacterial LPS-induced inflammation. However, its involvement in host defense against bacterial infection remains unclear. In this study, we used SRC-3 knockout mice to assess the role of SRC-3 in antibacterial defense in Escherichia coli-induced septic peritonitis. After E. coli bacteria were injected i.p., SRC-3-deficient mice exhibited excessive local and systemic inflammatory responses and more severe bacterial burdens, leading to a significantly higher mortality compared with wild-type mice. Peritoneal macrophages of SRC-3-deficient mice showed a decrease in bacterial phagocytosis in culture and an increase in apoptosis, which was consistent with the defective bacterial clearance observed in SRC-3-deficient mice. Accordingly, SRC-3 null macrophages expressed much lower levels of scavenger receptor A, the antioxidant enzyme catalase, and antiapoptotic gene Bcl-2. Collectively, our data demonstrate that SRC-3 is important not only in modulating the local and systemic inflammation but also in intensifying bacterial clearance, which highlights a pivotal role of SRC-3 in the host defense system against bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Cell Biology and Tumor Cell Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
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Srinivasan S, Nawaz Z. E3 ubiquitin protein ligase, E6-associated protein (E6-AP) regulates PI3K-Akt signaling and prostate cell growth. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2010; 1809:119-27. [PMID: 20826237 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2010.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2010] [Revised: 08/20/2010] [Accepted: 08/27/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
This study elucidates the role of E6-associated protein, E6-AP (a dual function steroid hormone receptor coactivator and ubiquitin-protein ligase) in the regulation of PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, prostate gland growth and proliferation. Here, we report the generation of transgenic mice and prostate cancer cell line, LNCaP cells that overexpress E6-AP protein. Using these models we show that the levels of total Akt and phosphorylated Akt (active Akt) are increased in E6-AP overexpressing prostate gland and LNCaP cells suggesting that E6-AP regulates the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. The prostate glands in our transgenic mice are ~20% larger and produce preneoplastic lesions at the age of 18 months. Our data also suggest that E6-AP modulates PI3K-Akt signaling pathway by both androgen-independent and -dependent mechanisms. In the androgen-independent mechanism, E6-AP modulates PI3K-Akt signaling by regulating the protein levels of RhoA, a small GTPase, which is a negative regulator of the Akt signaling pathway. Further, we show that E6-AP, a known coactivator of AR, amplifies the androgen-dependent activation of PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. In addition, we show that stable overexpression of E6-AP in prostate cancer cells results in increased cell size and proliferation. Overall our data suggests that E6-AP regulates both the positive and negative modulators of the PI3K-Akt pathway in prostate cells which results in increased prostate cell growth, proliferation and decreased apoptosis.This article is part of a Special Issue entitled The 26S Proteasome: When degradation is just not enough!
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathish Srinivasan
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Universityof Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)alpha, beta (also known as delta), and gamma function as sensors for fatty acids and fatty acid derivatives and control important metabolic pathways involved in the maintenance of energy balance. PPARs also regulate other diverse biological processes such as development, differentiation, inflammation, and neoplasia. In the nucleus, PPARs exist as heterodimers with retinoid X receptor-alpha bound to DNA with corepressor molecules. Upon ligand activation, PPARs undergo conformational changes that facilitate the dissociation of corepressor molecules and invoke a spatiotemporally orchestrated recruitment of transcription cofactors including coactivators and coactivator-associated proteins. While a given nuclear receptor regulates the expression of a prescribed set of target genes, coactivators are likely to influence the functioning of many regulators and thus affect the transcription of many genes. Evidence suggests that some of the coactivators such as PPAR-binding protein (PBP/PPARBP), thyroid hormone receptor-associated protein 220 (TRAP220), and mediator complex subunit 1 (MED1) may exert a broader influence on the functions of several nuclear receptors and their target genes. Investigations into the role of coactivators in the function of PPARs should strengthen our understanding of the complexities of metabolic diseases associated with energy metabolism.
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Asano J, Kudo T, Shimizu T, Fan Y, Nanashima N, Yamana D, Miura T, Yamada T, Tsuchida S. Histone acetylation and steroid receptor coactivator expression during clofibrate-induced rat hepatocarcinogenesis. Cancer Sci 2010; 101:869-75. [PMID: 20132223 PMCID: PMC11158118 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2009.01460.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferators (PPs), non-genotoxic rodent carcinogens, cause the induction of the peroxisomal fatty acid beta-oxidation system, including bifunctional enzyme (BE) and 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase (TH), in the liver. GST M1 gene is polymorphic in Sprague-Dawley rats, NC- and KS-type. The KS-type rats showed enhanced susceptibility to ethyl-alpha-chlorophenoxyisobutyrate (clofibrate, CF), one of the PPs. The degree of BE induction was higher in the KS-type and preneoplastic foci developed after 6-8 weeks of treatment, whereas no foci developed in the NC-type. In the preset study, factors involved in different BE inducibility were investigated. There were no differences in hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) alpha levels between them. Among various coactivators for PPARalpha, only steroid receptor coactivator (SRC)-3 level was higher in the KS-type. To investigate the association between PPARalpha and SRC-3 or other proteins, nuclear extracts from CF-treated livers were applied to a PPARalpha column. In the KS-type, 110, 72, and 42 kDa proteins were bound and these were identified as SRC-3, BE, and TH, respectively. EMSA supported the binding of these proteins to PPARalpha associated to the BE enhancer in CF-treated KS-type, but not in the NC-type. Histone H3 acetylation was increased 11-fold in the KS-type by CF treatment but not in the NC-type. As BE and TH are responsible for acetyl-CoA production and SRC-3 possesses a histone acetyltransferase activity, these results suggest that enhanced BE induction in the KS-type livers is due to acetylation-mediated transcriptional activation and epigenetic mechanisms might be involved in CF-induced rat hepatocarcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jumpei Asano
- Department of Biochemistry and Genome Biology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
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