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Bian J, Zhu Y, Tian P, Yang Q, Li Z. Adaptor protein HIP-55 promotes macrophage M1 polarization through promoting AP-1 complex activation. Cell Signal 2024; 117:111124. [PMID: 38417633 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Overwhelming macrophage M1 polarization induced by malfunction of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) initiates inflammatory responses, which play a crucial role in various cardiovascular diseases. However, the underlying regulatory mechanism remains elusive. Here, we identified adaptor protein HIP-55 as a critical regulator of macrophage M1 polarization. The expression of HIP-55 was upregulated in M1 macrophage induced by Ang II. Overexpression of HIP-55 significantly promoted Ang II-induced macrophage M1 polarization, whereas genetic deletion of HIP-55 inhibited the Ang II-induced macrophage M1 polarization. Mechanistically, HIP-55 facilitated activator protein-1 (AP-1) complex activation induced by Ang II via promoting ERK1/2 and JNK phosphorylation. Moreover, blocking AP-1 complex activation can attenuate the function of HIP-55 in macrophage polarization. Collectively, our results reveal the role of HIP-55 in macrophage polarization and provide potential therapeutic insights for cardiovascular diseases associated with RAAS dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Bian
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Ministry of Health; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuzhong Zhu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Panhui Tian
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Ministry of Health; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Medical Genetics, Center for Medical Genetics, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qiqi Yang
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zijian Li
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Ministry of Health; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.
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2
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Zhu Q, Chen N, Tian X, Zhou Y, You Q, Xu X. Hematopoietic Progenitor Kinase 1 in Tumor Immunology: A Medicinal Chemistry Perspective. J Med Chem 2022; 65:8065-8090. [PMID: 35696642 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic progenitor kinase 1 (HPK1), a hematopoietic cell-restricted member of the serine/threonine Ste20-related protein kinases, is a negative regulator of the T cell receptor, B cell receptor, and dendritic cells. Loss of HPK1 kinase function increases cytokine secretion and enhances T cell signaling, virus clearance, and tumor growth inhibition. Therefore, HPK1 is considered a promising target for tumor immunotherapy. Several HPK1 inhibitors have been reported to regulate T cell function. In addition, HPK1-targeting PROTACs, which can induce the degradation of HPK1, have also been developed. Here, we provide an overview of research concerning HPK1 protein structure, function, and inhibitors and propose perspectives and insights for the future development of agents targeting HPK1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangsheng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Nannan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xinjian Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yeling Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - QiDong You
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiaoli Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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3
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Al-Farsi H, Al-Azwani I, Malek JA, Chouchane L, Rafii A, Halabi NM. Discovery of new therapeutic targets in ovarian cancer through identifying significantly non-mutated genes. J Transl Med 2022; 20:244. [PMID: 35619151 PMCID: PMC9134657 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03440-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutated and non-mutated genes interact to drive cancer growth and metastasis. While research has focused on understanding the impact of mutated genes on cancer biology, understanding non-mutated genes that are essential to tumor development could lead to new therapeutic strategies. The recent advent of high-throughput whole genome sequencing being applied to many different samples has made it possible to calculate if genes are significantly non-mutated in a specific cancer patient cohort. METHODS We carried out random mutagenesis simulations of the human genome approximating the regions sequenced in the publicly available Cancer Growth Atlas Project for ovarian cancer (TCGA-OV). Simulated mutations were compared to the observed mutations in the TCGA-OV cohort and genes with the largest deviations from simulation were identified. Pathway analysis was performed on the non-mutated genes to better understand their biological function. We then compared gene expression, methylation and copy number distributions of non-mutated and mutated genes in cell lines and patient data from the TCGA-OV project. To directly test if non-mutated genes can affect cell proliferation, we carried out proof-of-concept RNAi silencing experiments of a panel of nine selected non-mutated genes in three ovarian cancer cell lines and one primary ovarian epithelial cell line. RESULTS We identified a set of genes that were mutated less than expected (non-mutated genes) and mutated more than expected (mutated genes). Pathway analysis revealed that non-mutated genes interact in cancer associated pathways. We found that non-mutated genes are expressed significantly more than mutated genes while also having lower methylation and higher copy number states indicating that they could be functionally important. RNAi silencing of the panel of non-mutated genes resulted in a greater significant reduction of cell viability in the cancer cell lines than in the non-cancer cell line. Finally, as a test case, silencing ANKLE2, a significantly non-mutated gene, affected the morphology, reduced migration, and increased the chemotherapeutic response of SKOV3 cells. CONCLUSION We show that we can identify significantly non-mutated genes in a large ovarian cancer cohort that are well-expressed in patient and cell line data and whose RNAi-induced silencing reduces viability in three ovarian cancer cell lines. Targeting non-mutated genes that are important for tumor growth and metastasis is a promising approach to expand cancer therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Joel A Malek
- Genomics Core, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Lotfi Chouchane
- Genetic Intelligence Laboratory, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Arash Rafii
- Genetic Intelligence Laboratory, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Najeeb M Halabi
- Genetic Intelligence Laboratory, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar.
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4
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Spatiotemporally Orchestrated Interactions between Viral and Cellular Proteins Involved in the Entry of African Swine Fever Virus. Viruses 2021; 13:v13122495. [PMID: 34960765 PMCID: PMC8703583 DOI: 10.3390/v13122495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious hemorrhagic disease in domestic pigs and wild boars with a mortality of up to 100%. The causative agent, African swine fever virus (ASFV), is a member of the Asfarviridae family of the nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses. The genome size of ASFV ranges from 170 to 194 kb, encoding more than 50 structural and 100 nonstructural proteins. ASFV virions are 260–300 nm in diameter and composed of complex multilayered structures, leading to an intricate internalization pathway to enter host cells. Currently, no commercial vaccines or antivirals are available, due to the insufficient knowledge of the viral receptor(s), the molecular events of ASFV entry into host cells, and the functions of virulence-associated genes. During the early stage of ASFV infection, the fundamental aspects of virus-host interactions, including virus internalization, intracellular transport through the endolysosomal system, and membrane fusion with endosome, are precisely regulated and orchestrated via a series of molecular events. In this review, we summarize the currently available knowledge on the pathways of ASFV entry into host cells and the functions of viral proteins involved in virus entry. Furthermore, we conclude with future perspectives and highlight areas that require further investigation. This review is expected to provide unique insights for further understanding ASFV entry and facilitate the development of vaccines and antivirals.
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Mulari S, Eskin A, Lampinen M, Nummi A, Nieminen T, Teittinen K, Ojala T, Kankainen M, Vento A, Laurikka J, Kupari M, Harjula A, Tuncbag N, Kankuri E. Ischemic Heart Disease Selectively Modifies the Right Atrial Appendage Transcriptome. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:728198. [PMID: 34926599 PMCID: PMC8674465 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.728198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Although many pathological changes have been associated with ischemic heart disease (IHD), molecular-level alterations specific to the ischemic myocardium and their potential to reflect disease severity or therapeutic outcome remain unclear. Currently, diagnosis occurs relatively late and evaluating disease severity is largely based on clinical symptoms, various imaging modalities, or the determination of risk factors. This study aims to identify IHD-associated signature RNAs from the atrial myocardium and evaluate their ability to reflect disease severity or cardiac surgery outcomes. Methods and Results: We collected right atrial appendage (RAA) biopsies from 40 patients with invasive coronary angiography (ICA)-positive IHD undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery and from 8 patients ICA-negative for IHD (non-IHD) undergoing valvular surgery. Following RNA sequencing, RAA transcriptomes were analyzed against 429 donors from the GTEx project without cardiac disease. The IHD transcriptome was characterized by repressed RNA expression in pathways for cell-cell contacts and mitochondrial dysfunction. Increased expressions of the CSRNP3, FUT10, SHD, NAV2-AS4, and hsa-mir-181 genes resulted in significance with the complexity of coronary artery obstructions or correlated with a functional cardiac benefit from bypass surgery. Conclusions: Our results provide an atrial myocardium-focused insight into IHD signature RNAs. The specific gene expression changes characterized here, pave the way for future disease mechanism-based identification of biomarkers for early detection and treatment of IHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Severi Mulari
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Heart and Lung Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Arda Eskin
- Department of Health Informatics, Graduate School of Informatics, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, Turkey
| | - Milla Lampinen
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Annu Nummi
- Heart and Lung Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuomo Nieminen
- Heart and Lung Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kari Teittinen
- Heart and Lung Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Teija Ojala
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Matti Kankainen
- Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antti Vento
- Heart and Lung Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jari Laurikka
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Markku Kupari
- Heart and Lung Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ari Harjula
- Heart and Lung Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nurcan Tuncbag
- Department of Health Informatics, Graduate School of Informatics, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
- School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esko Kankuri
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Bosch-Camós L, López E, Navas MJ, Pina-Pedrero S, Accensi F, Correa-Fiz F, Park C, Carrascal M, Domínguez J, Salas ML, Nikolin V, Collado J, Rodríguez F. Identification of Promiscuous African Swine Fever Virus T-Cell Determinants Using a Multiple Technical Approach. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:29. [PMID: 33430316 PMCID: PMC7825812 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9010029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of subunit vaccines against African swine fever (ASF) is mainly hindered by the lack of knowledge regarding the specific ASF virus (ASFV) antigens involved in protection. As a good example, the identity of ASFV-specific CD8+ T-cell determinants remains largely unknown, despite their protective role being established a long time ago. Aiming to identify them, we implemented the IFNγ ELISpot as readout assay, using as effector cells peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from pigs surviving experimental challenge with Georgia2007/1. As stimuli for the ELISpot, ASFV-specific peptides or full-length proteins identified by three complementary strategies were used. In silico prediction of specific CD8+ T-cell epitopes allowed identifying a 19-mer peptide from MGF100-1L, as frequently recognized by surviving pigs. Complementarily, the repertoire of SLA I-bound peptides identified in ASFV-infected porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs), allowed the characterization of five additional SLA I-restricted ASFV-specific epitopes. Finally, in vitro stimulation studies using fibroblasts transfected with plasmids encoding full-length ASFV proteins, led to the identification of MGF505-7R, A238L and MGF100-1L as promiscuously recognized antigens. Interestingly, each one of these proteins contain individual peptides recognized by surviving pigs. Identification of the same ASFV determinants by means of such different approaches reinforce the results presented here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laia Bosch-Camós
- IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (L.B.-C.); (E.L.); (M.J.N.); (S.P.-P.); (F.C.-F.)
- OIE Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe (IRTA-CReSA), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain;
| | - Elisabet López
- IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (L.B.-C.); (E.L.); (M.J.N.); (S.P.-P.); (F.C.-F.)
- OIE Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe (IRTA-CReSA), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain;
| | - María Jesús Navas
- IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (L.B.-C.); (E.L.); (M.J.N.); (S.P.-P.); (F.C.-F.)
- OIE Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe (IRTA-CReSA), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain;
| | - Sonia Pina-Pedrero
- IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (L.B.-C.); (E.L.); (M.J.N.); (S.P.-P.); (F.C.-F.)
- OIE Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe (IRTA-CReSA), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain;
| | - Francesc Accensi
- OIE Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe (IRTA-CReSA), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain;
- UAB, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Departament de Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Florencia Correa-Fiz
- IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (L.B.-C.); (E.L.); (M.J.N.); (S.P.-P.); (F.C.-F.)
- OIE Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe (IRTA-CReSA), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain;
| | - Chankyu Park
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Biology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea;
| | - Montserrat Carrascal
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona-Unidad de Espectrometría de Masas Biológica y Proteómica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain;
| | - Javier Domínguez
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Maria Luisa Salas
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autònoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Veljko Nikolin
- Boehringer Ingelheim Veterinary Research Center (BIVRC) GmbH & Co. KG, 30559 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Javier Collado
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain;
| | - Fernando Rodríguez
- IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (L.B.-C.); (E.L.); (M.J.N.); (S.P.-P.); (F.C.-F.)
- OIE Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe (IRTA-CReSA), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain;
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Chuang HC, Tan TH. MAP4K Family Kinases and DUSP Family Phosphatases in T-Cell Signaling and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Cells 2019; 8:cells8111433. [PMID: 31766293 PMCID: PMC6912701 DOI: 10.3390/cells8111433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
T cells play a critical role in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), which is a severe autoimmune disease. In the past 60 years, only one new therapeutic agent with limited efficacy has been approved for SLE treatment; therefore, the development of early diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for SLE is desirable. Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinases (MAP4Ks) and dual-specificity phosphatases (DUSPs) are regulators of MAP kinases. Several MAP4Ks and DUSPs are involved in T-cell signaling and autoimmune responses. HPK1 (MAP4K1), DUSP22 (JKAP), and DUSP14 are negative regulators of T-cell activation. Consistently, HPK1 and DUSP22 are downregulated in the T cells of human SLE patients. In contrast, MAP4K3 (GLK) is a positive regulator of T-cell signaling and T-cell-mediated immune responses. MAP4K3 overexpression-induced RORγt–AhR complex specifically controls interleukin 17A (IL-17A) production in T cells, leading to autoimmune responses. Consistently, MAP4K3 and the RORγt–AhR complex are overexpressed in the T cells of human SLE patients, as are DUSP4 and DUSP23. In addition, DUSPs are also involved in either human autoimmune diseases (DUSP2, DUSP7, DUSP10, and DUSP12) or T-cell activation (DUSP1, DUSP5, and DUSP14). In this review, we summarize the MAP4Ks and DUSPs that are potential biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets for SLE.
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Chuang HC, Tan TH. MAP4K3/GLK in autoimmune disease, cancer and aging. J Biomed Sci 2019; 26:82. [PMID: 31640697 PMCID: PMC6806545 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-019-0570-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
MAP4K3 (also named GLK) is a serine/threonine kinase, which belongs to the mammalian Ste20-like kinase family. At 22 years of age, GLK was initially cloned and identified as an upstream activator of the MAPK JNK under an environmental stress and proinflammatory cytokines. The data derived from GLK-overexpressing or shRNA-knockdown cell lines suggest that GLK may be involved in cell proliferation through mTOR signaling. GLK phosphorylates the transcription factor TFEB and retains TFEB in the cytoplasm, leading to inhibition of cell autophagy. After generating and characterizing GLK-deficient mice, the important in vivo roles of GLK in T-cell activation were revealed. In T cells, GLK directly interacts with and activates PKCθ through phosphorylating PKCθ at Ser-538 residue, leading to activation of IKK/NF-κB. Thus, GLK-deficient mice display impaired T-cell-mediated immune responses and decreased inflammatory phenotypes in autoimmune disease models. Consistently, the percentage of GLK-overexpressing T cells is increased in the peripheral blood from autoimmune disease patients; the GLK-overexpressing T cell population is correlated with disease severity of patients. The pathogenic mechanism of autoimmune disease by GLK overexpression was unraveled by characterizing T-cell-specific GLK transgenic mice and using biochemical analyses. GLK overexpression selectively promotes IL-17A transcription by inducing the AhR-RORγt complex in T cells. In addition, GLK overexpression in cancer tissues is correlated with cancer recurrence of human lung cancer and liver cancer; the predictive power of GLK overexpression for cancer recurrence is higher than that of pathologic stage. GLK directly phosphorylates and activates IQGAP1, resulting in induction of Cdc42-mediated cell migration and cancer metastasis. Furthermore, treatment of GLK inhibitor reduces disease severity of mouse autoimmune disease models and decreases IL-17A production of human autoimmune T cells. Due to the inhibitory function of HPK1/MAP4K1 in T-cell activation and the promoting effects of GLK on tumorigenesis, HPK1 and GLK dual inhibitors could be useful therapeutic drugs for cancer immunotherapy. In addition, GLK deficiency results in extension of lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans and mice. Taken together, targeting MAP4K3 (GLK) may be useful for treating/preventing autoimmune disease, cancer metastasis/recurrence, and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huai-Chia Chuang
- Immunology Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Hua Tan
- Immunology Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, 35053, Taiwan. .,Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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9
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Batcha MM, Ahamed AS, Peng CF. Identification of a new type of haematopoietic progenitor kinase-interacting protein (HIP-55) in Aedes aegypti mosquito haemocytes and its involvement in immunity-like functions in mosquito: a molecular study. Parasitol Res 2019; 118:2509-2521. [PMID: 31377908 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-019-06408-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we characterize the HIP-55 protein in the mosquito Aedes aegypti for the first time. HIP-55 is a 55-kDa HPK1-interacting protein that is also called SH3P7. HIP-55 constitutively binds HPK1 'via' an HPK1 proline-rich motif 2(PR2) through its C-terminal SH3 domain. HIP-55 critically interacts with ZAP-70, and this interaction was induced by TCR signalling. ZAP-70 phosphorylated HIP-55 at Tyr-334 and Tyr-344 in vitro and in vivo. In our previous findings, AaZAP gene expression strongly proved that AaZAP-70 was involved in immunity-like functions in mosquito. Northern blot analysis of HIP-55 mRNA expression confirmed that it is only expressed in the abdomen and haemocyte tissues; this prediction correlates 100% and a polyclonal antibody also confirmed its localization in haemocytes and the abdomen. We prepared extracts to show the cytoplasmic expression (CE) of this protein. Previous results had proven that this protein is secreted from the cytoplasm; thus, we confirmed here that the protein is a cytoplasmic adaptor protein in mosquitoes and mammalian systems. Furthermore, our polyclonal antibody against HIP-55 also demonstrated that this protein is found in haemocytes and abdomen tissues, which assumes that the protein may be involved in phagocytic-like functions. RNAi (siRNA) silencing studies were used to degrade mosquito HIP-55; however, silencing only slightly affected the HIP-55 sequence and the gene transcriptional level. To characterize this protein, we cloned 609 bp from the 1.6-kb full-length cDNA using a pET28 vector for polyclonal antibody production. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mohiadeen Batcha
- Department of Zoology, HKRH College, Uthamapalayam, Theni District, Tamil Nadu, India.
- Post Doctoral Scientist, Institute of Tropical Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Shihpai, Taipei-112, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - A Sajith Ahamed
- Department of Microbiology, HKRH College, Uthamapalayam, Theni District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chiung Fang Peng
- Fuga Biotechnology, Chongqing S. Rd, Zhongzheng Dist, Taipei - 100, Taiwan
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Han L, Meng M, Guo M, Cheng D, Shi L, Wang X, Wang C. Immunomodulatory activity of a water-soluble polysaccharide obtained from highland barley on immunosuppressive mice models. Food Funct 2019; 10:304-314. [PMID: 30574978 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo01991f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A water-soluble polysaccharide (BP-1) was extracted and purified from highland barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and its average molecular weight was about 6.7 × 104 Da. In this study, the immunomodulatory activity of BP-1 on the immunosuppressive BALB/c mice model and its molecular mechanism were elucidated. It was found that the weight indexes of spleen and thymus were significantly increased by BP-1 (80 mg kg-1 and 160 mg kg-1) treatment in the immunosuppressive mice model. The results showed that BP-1 (80 mg kg-1 and 160 mg kg-1) could significantly increase the number of bone marrow cells (BMC) and peripheral blood white blood cells (WBC) in the immunosuppressive mice model. In addition, the result further confirmed that BP-1 could increase the serum levels of IL-2, TNF-α and IFN-γ, so as to improve the immune function of immunosuppressive mice. The results showed that BP-1 (80 mg kg-1 and 160 mg kg-1) could promote the proliferation of spleen cells and the natural killer (NK) cell activity in vivo. The quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and ELISA results revealed that BP-1 (80 mg kg-1 and 160 mg kg-1) could enhance the production of IL-2, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IgG and IgM in the spleen of immunosuppressive mice. The HE (hematoxylin and eosin) stained histopathological images showed that BP-1 (80 mg kg-1 and 160 mg kg-1) could repair the damage induced by CTX in the spleen cells of immunosuppressive mice. The result of macrophages showed that BP-1 (80 mg kg-1 and 160 mg kg-1) could promote the proliferation and phagocytosis activity of macrophages in immunosuppressive mice. Furthermore, BP-1 could activate macrophages by the TLR-4, TRAF6, TAK1 and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) p65 pathways in vivo. These results suggested that BP-1 has a remarkable immunomodulatory activity on the immunosuppressive mice model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lirong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety", Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, Tianjin Economy Technological Development Area, Tianjin 300457, People Republic of China.
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BA71ΔCD2: a New Recombinant Live Attenuated African Swine Fever Virus with Cross-Protective Capabilities. J Virol 2017; 91:JVI.01058-17. [PMID: 28814514 PMCID: PMC5640839 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01058-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
African swine fever is a highly contagious viral disease of mandatory declaration to the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE). The lack of available vaccines makes its control difficult; thus, African swine fever virus (ASFV) represents a major threat to the swine industry. Inactivated vaccines do not confer solid protection against ASFV. Conversely, live attenuated viruses (LAV), either naturally isolated or obtained by genetic manipulation, have demonstrated reliable protection against homologous ASFV strains, although little or no protection has been demonstrated against heterologous viruses. Safety concerns are a major issue for the use of ASFV attenuated vaccine candidates and have hampered their implementation in the field so far. While trying to develop safer and efficient ASFV vaccines, we found that the deletion of the viral CD2v (EP402R) gene highly attenuated the virulent BA71 strain in vivo. Inoculation of pigs with the deletion mutant virus BA71ΔCD2 conferred protection not only against lethal challenge with the parental BA71 but also against the heterologous E75 (both genotype I strains). The protection induced was dose dependent, and the cross-protection observed in vivo correlated with the ability of BA71ΔCD2 to induce specific CD8+ T cells capable of recognizing both BA71 and E75 viruses in vitro. Interestingly, 100% of the pigs immunized with BA71ΔCD2 also survived lethal challenge with Georgia 2007/1, the genotype II strain of ASFV currently circulating in continental Europe. These results open new avenues to design ASFV cross-protective vaccines, essential to fight ASFV in areas where the virus is endemic and where multiple viruses are circulating. IMPORTANCE African swine fever virus (ASFV) remains enzootic in most countries of Sub-Saharan Africa, today representing a major threat for the development of their swine industry. The uncontrolled presence of ASFV has favored its periodic exportation to other countries, the last event being in Georgia in 2007. Since then, ASFV has spread toward neighboring countries, reaching the European Union's east border in 2014. The lack of available vaccines against ASFV makes its control difficult; so far, only live attenuated viruses have demonstrated solid protection against homologous experimental challenges, but they have failed at inducing solid cross-protective immunity against heterologous viruses. Here we describe a new LAV candidate with unique cross-protective abilities: BA71ΔCD2. Inoculation of BA71ΔCD2 protected pigs not only against experimental challenge with BA71, the virulent parental strain, but also against heterologous viruses, including Georgia 2007/1, the genotype II strain of ASFV currently circulating in Eastern Europe.
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Zhang Q, Ding S, Zhang H. Interactions between hematopoietic progenitor kinase 1 and its adaptor proteins. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:6472-6482. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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van Ham M, Teich R, Philipsen L, Niemz J, Amsberg N, Wissing J, Nimtz M, Gröbe L, Kliche S, Thiel N, Klawonn F, Hubo M, Jonuleit H, Reichardt P, Müller AJ, Huehn J, Jänsch L. TCR signalling network organization at the immunological synapses of murine regulatory T cells. Eur J Immunol 2017; 47:2043-2058. [DOI: 10.1002/eji.201747041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco van Ham
- Cellular Proteomics; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Braunschweig Germany
| | - René Teich
- Experimental Immunology; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Braunschweig Germany
| | - Lars Philipsen
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology; Otto-von-Guericke University; Magdeburg Germany
| | - Jana Niemz
- Experimental Immunology; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Braunschweig Germany
| | - Nicole Amsberg
- Cellular Proteomics; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Braunschweig Germany
| | - Josef Wissing
- Cellular Proteomics; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Braunschweig Germany
| | - Manfred Nimtz
- Cellular Proteomics; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Braunschweig Germany
| | - Lothar Gröbe
- Experimental Immunology; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Braunschweig Germany
| | - Stefanie Kliche
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology; Otto-von-Guericke University; Magdeburg Germany
| | - Nadine Thiel
- Experimental Immunology; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Braunschweig Germany
| | - Frank Klawonn
- Cellular Proteomics; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Braunschweig Germany
- Department of Computer Science; Ostfalia University of Applied Sciences; Wolfenbuettel Germany
| | - Mario Hubo
- Department of Dermatology; Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz; Mainz Germany
| | - Helmut Jonuleit
- Department of Dermatology; Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz; Mainz Germany
| | - Peter Reichardt
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology; Otto-von-Guericke University; Magdeburg Germany
| | - Andreas J. Müller
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology; Otto-von-Guericke University; Magdeburg Germany
- Intravital Microscopy of Infection and Immunity; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Braunschweig Germany
| | - Jochen Huehn
- Experimental Immunology; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Braunschweig Germany
| | - Lothar Jänsch
- Cellular Proteomics; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Braunschweig Germany
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Role of Drebrin at the Immunological Synapse. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1006:271-280. [PMID: 28865025 DOI: 10.1007/978-4-431-56550-5_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Although drebrin was first described in neurons, it is also expressed in cells of the immune system, such as T lymphocytes and mast cells. Another member of the drebrin family of proteins, mammalian actin-binding protein 1 (mAbp-1) is more widely expressed and plays important roles in the function of macrophages, polymorphonuclear neutrophils, and B lymphocytes. We will briefly discuss on the function of mAbp-1 and drebrin in immune cells with emphasis on T cells. Specifically, drebrin enables the immune responses of CD4+ T lymphocytes. T cells are activated after the recognition of an antigen presented by antigen-presenting cells through cognate cell-cell contacts called immunological synapses (IS). In CD4+ T cells, drebrin associates with the chemokine receptor CXCR4, and both molecules redistribute to the IS displaying similar dynamics. Through its interaction with CXCR4 and the actin cytoskeleton, drebrin regulates T cell activation. CD4+ T cells are one of the main targets for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1. This virus utilizes the IS structure to be transmitted to uninfected cells, forming cell-cell contacts called virological synapses (VS). Interestingly, drebrin negatively regulates HIV-1 infection of CD4+ T lymphocytes, by regulating actin polymerization at the VS.
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Jiang H, Promchan K, Lin BR, Lockett S, Chen D, Marshall H, Badralmaa Y, Natarajan V. LZTFL1 Upregulated by All-Trans Retinoic Acid during CD4+ T Cell Activation Enhances IL-5 Production. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2016; 196:1081-90. [PMID: 26700766 PMCID: PMC4724573 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1500719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Retinoic acids, which are metabolites of vitamin A, have been shown to be involved in multiple T cell effector responses through their binding to the retinoic acid receptor, a ligand-activated transcription factor. Because the molecular mechanism of regulation by retinoic acid is still not fully uncovered, we investigated the gene expression profile of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)-treated human CD4(+) T cells. Leucine zipper transcription factor-like 1 (LZTFL1) was upregulated by ATRA in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The expression of LZTFL1 depended on both ATRA and TCR signaling. LZTFL1 accumulated in the plasma membrane compartment of human CD4(+) T cells, and, during immunological synapse formation, it transiently redistributed to the T cell and APC contact zone, indicating its role in T cell activation. Live-cell imaging demonstrates that at the initial stage of immunological synapse formation, LZTFL1 is concentrated at the APC contact site, and, during later stages, it relocates to the distal pole. Knockdown of LZTFL1 reduced the basal- and ATRA-induced levels of IL-5 in CD4(+) T cells, and overexpression of LZTFL1 enhanced the TCR-mediated NFAT signaling, suggesting that LZTFL1 is an important regulator of ATRA-induced T cell response. Together, these data indicate that LZTFL1 modulates T cell activation and IL-5 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Jiang
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702; and
| | - Kanyarat Promchan
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702; and
| | - Bor-Ruei Lin
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702; and
| | - Stephen Lockett
- Optical Microscopy and Analysis Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - De Chen
- Optical Microscopy and Analysis Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Heather Marshall
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702; and
| | - Yunden Badralmaa
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702; and
| | - Ven Natarajan
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702; and
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Li Z, Park HR, Shi Z, Li Z, Pham CD, Du Y, Khuri FR, Zhang Y, Han Q, Fu H. Pro-oncogenic function of HIP-55/Drebrin-like (DBNL) through Ser269/Thr291-phospho-sensor motifs. Oncotarget 2015; 5:3197-209. [PMID: 24912570 PMCID: PMC4102803 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.1900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
HIP-55 (HPK1-interacting protein of 55 kDa, also named DBNL, SH3P7, and mAbp1) is a multidomain adaptor protein that is critical for organ development and the immune response. Here, we report the coupling of HIP-55 to cell growth control through its 14-3-3-binding phospho-Ser/Thr-sensor sites. Using affinity chromatography, we found HIP-55 formed a complex with 14-3-3 proteins, revealing a new node in phospho-Ser/Thr-mediated signaling networks. In addition, we demonstrated that HIP-55 is required for proper cell growth control. Enforced HIP-55 expression promoted proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion of lung cancer cells while silencing of HIP-55 reversed these effects. Importantly, HIP-55 was found to be upregulated in lung cancer cell lines and in tumor tissues of lung cancer patients. Upregulated HIP-55 was required to promote the growth of tumors in a xenograft animal model. However, tumors with S269A/T291A-mutated HIP-55, which ablates 14-3-3 binding, exhibited significantly reduced sizes, supporting a vital role of the HIP-55/14-3-3 protein interaction node in transmitting oncogenic signals. Mechanistically, HIP-55-mediated tumorigenesis activity appears to be in part mediated by antagonizing the tumor suppressor function of HPK1. Thus, the HIP-55–mediated oncogenic pathway, through S269/T291, may be exploited for the development of new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
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Actin-binding protein 1 links B-cell antigen receptors to negative signaling pathways. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:9881-6. [PMID: 24958882 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1321971111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Prolonged or uncontrolled B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling is associated with autoimmunity. We previously demonstrated a role for actin in BCR signal attenuation. This study reveals that actin-binding protein 1 (Abp1/HIP-55/SH3P7) is a negative regulator of BCR signaling and links actin to negative regulatory pathways of the BCR. In both Abp1(-/-) and bone marrow chimeric mice, in which only B cells lack Abp1 expression, the number of spontaneous germinal center and marginal zone B cells and the level of autoantibody are significantly increased. Serum levels of T-independent antibody responses and total antibody are elevated, whereas T-dependent antibody responses are markedly reduced and fail to undergo affinity maturation. Upon activation, surface BCR clustering is enhanced and B-cell contraction delayed in Abp1(-/-) B cells, concurrent with slow but persistent increases in F-actin at BCR signalosomes. Furthermore, BCR signaling is enhanced in Abp1(-/-) B cells compared with wild-type B cells, including Ca(2+) flux and phosphorylation of B-cell linker protein, the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase MEK1/2, and ERK, coinciding with reductions in recruitment of the inhibitory signaling molecules hematopoietic progenitor kinase 1 and SH2-containing inositol 5-phosphatase to BCR signalosomes. Our results indicate that Abp1 negatively regulates BCR signaling by coupling actin remodeling to B-cell contraction and activation of inhibitory signaling molecules, which contributes to the regulation of peripheral B-cell development and antibody responses.
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Kedzierski L, Linossi EM, Kolesnik TB, Day EB, Bird NL, Kile BT, Belz GT, Metcalf D, Nicola NA, Kedzierska K, Nicholson SE. Suppressor of cytokine signaling 4 (SOCS4) protects against severe cytokine storm and enhances viral clearance during influenza infection. PLoS Pathog 2014; 10:e1004134. [PMID: 24809749 PMCID: PMC4014316 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins are key regulators of innate and adaptive immunity. There is no described biological role for SOCS4, despite broad expression in the hematopoietic system. We demonstrate that mice lacking functional SOCS4 protein rapidly succumb to infection with a pathogenic H1N1 influenza virus (PR8) and are hypersusceptible to infection with the less virulent H3N2 (X31) strain. In SOCS4-deficient animals, this led to substantially greater weight loss, dysregulated pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine production in the lungs and delayed viral clearance. This was associated with impaired trafficking of influenza-specific CD8 T cells to the site of infection and linked to defects in T cell receptor activation. These results demonstrate that SOCS4 is a critical regulator of anti-viral immunity. The suppressor of cytokine signaling proteins are key regulators of immunity. As yet there is no described biological role for SOCS4, despite its broad expression in cells of the immune system. Given the important role of other SOCS proteins in controlling the immune response, we have generated SOCS4-mutant mice and used a mouse influenza infection model to investigate the biological function of SOCS4. We demonstrate that mice lacking SOCS4 rapidly succumb to infection with a pathogenic H1N1 influenza virus and are hypersusceptible to infection with the less virulent H3N2 strain. This is the first demonstration of a functional phenotype in SOCS4-deficient mice. Our study reveals that in SOCS4-deficient animals, there is a dysregulated pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine production in the lungs and delayed viral clearance. This is associated with impaired trafficking of virus-specific CD8 T cells to the site of infection and linked to defects in T cell receptor activation. These results demonstrate that SOCS4 is a critical regulator of anti-viral immunity. Understanding the regulation of the inflammatory response to influenza is particularly relevant given the current climate concerning pandemic influenza outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukasz Kedzierski
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- * E-mail: (LK); (SEN)
| | - Edmond M. Linossi
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tatiana B. Kolesnik
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - E. Bridie Day
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicola L. Bird
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Benjamin T. Kile
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gabrielle T. Belz
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Donald Metcalf
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicos A. Nicola
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Katherine Kedzierska
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sandra E. Nicholson
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- * E-mail: (LK); (SEN)
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Liu N, Xing R, Yang C, Tian A, Lv Z, Sun N, Gao X, Zhang Y, Li Z. HIP-55/DBNL-dependent regulation of adrenergic receptor mediates the ERK1/2 proliferative pathway. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2014; 10:1932-9. [PMID: 24802081 DOI: 10.1039/c3mb70525k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The activation of β-adrenergic receptors (β-ARs) plays a key role in regulating cardiac function. However, the detailed regulatory mechanisms of β-AR-induced fibrosis are still unclear. We used a proteomics approach to analyze the changes in protein expression patterns in cardiac fibrosis with β-AR stimulation. HIP-55 (also called debrin-like; DBNL) was revealed as a novel regulator in the signaling regulatory network with β-AR activation. Further studies of both HIP-55-overexpressed and -deficient cardiac fibroblasts indicated that HIP-55 negatively regulated β-AR-activated cardiac fibroblast proliferation and the proliferative signaling pathway may be associated with the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) activation. Our data provide a new mechanistic insight into the role of HIP-55 in β-AR-induced cardiac fibroblast proliferation and suggest a new treatment strategy for proliferative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Liu
- Central Laboratory, Jilin University Second Hospital, Changchun 130041, China
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20
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The phosphatase JKAP/DUSP22 inhibits T-cell receptor signalling and autoimmunity by inactivating Lck. Nat Commun 2014; 5:3618. [PMID: 24714587 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
JNK pathway-associated phosphatase (JKAP, also known as DUSP22 or JSP-1) is a JNK activator. The in vivo role of JKAP in immune regulation remains unclear. Here we report that JKAP directly inactivates Lck by dephosphorylating tyrosine-394 residue during T-cell receptor (TCR) signalling. JKAP-knockout T cells display enhanced cell proliferation and cytokine production. JKAP-knockout mice show enhanced T-cell-mediated immune responses and are more susceptible to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). In addition, the recipient mice that are adoptively transferred with JKAP-knockout T cells show exacerbated EAE symptoms. Aged JKAP-knockout mice spontaneously develop inflammation and autoimmunity. Thus, our results indicate that JKAP is an important phosphatase that inactivates Lck in the TCR signalling turn-off stage, leading to suppression of T-cell-mediated immunity and autoimmunity.
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21
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Phosphosite mapping of HIP-55 protein in mammalian cells. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:4903-14. [PMID: 24651461 PMCID: PMC3975430 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15034903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, hematopoietic progenitor kinase 1 (HPK1)-interacting protein of 55 kDa (HIP-55) protein was over-expressed in HEK293 cells, which was genetically attached with 6x His tag. The protein was purified by nickel-charged resin and was then subjected to tryptic digestion. The phosphorylated peptides within the HIP-55 protein were enriched by TiO2 affinity chromatography, followed by mass spectrometry analysis. Fourteen phosphorylation sites along the primary structure of HIP-55 protein were identified, most of which had not been previously reported. Our results indicate that bio-mass spectrometry coupled with manual interpretation can be used to successfully identify the phosphorylation modification in HIP-55 protein in HEK293 cells.
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Yang CY, Li JP, Chiu LL, Lan JL, Chen DY, Chuang HC, Huang CY, Tan TH. Dual-specificity phosphatase 14 (DUSP14/MKP6) negatively regulates TCR signaling by inhibiting TAB1 activation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 192:1547-57. [PMID: 24403530 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1300989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
T cell activation is dependent upon phosphorylation of MAPKs, which play a critical role in the regulation of immune responses. Dual-specificity phosphatase 14 (DUSP14; also known as MKP6) is classified as a MAPK phosphatase. The in vivo functions of DUSP14 remain unclear. Thus, we generated DUSP14-deficient mice and characterized the roles of DUSP14 in T cell activation and immune responses. DUSP14 deficiency in T cells resulted in enhanced T cell proliferation and increased cytokine production upon T cell activation. DUSP14 directly interacted with TGF-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1)-binding protein 1 (TAB1) and dephosphorylated TAB1 at Ser(438), leading to TAB1-TAK1 complex inactivation in T cells. The phosphorylation levels of the TAB1-TAK1 complex and its downstream molecules, including JNK and IκB kinase, were enhanced in DUSP14-deficient T cells upon stimulation. The enhanced JNK and IκB kinase activation in DUSP14-deficient T cells was attenuated by TAB1 short hairpin RNA knockdown. Consistent with that, DUSP14-deficient mice exhibited enhanced immune responses and were more susceptible to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis induction. Thus, DUSP14 negatively regulates TCR signaling and immune responses by inhibiting TAB1 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Yu Yang
- Immunology Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan
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Yang C, Li Z, Shi Z, He K, Tian A, Wu J, Zhang Y, Li Z. Regulation of cell survival by the HIP-55 signaling network. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2014; 10:1393-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c3mb70552h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Yun M, Pan S, Jiang SN, Nguyen VH, Park SH, Jung CH, Kim HS, Min JJ, Choy HE, Hong Y. Effect of Salmonella treatment on an implanted tumor (CT26) in a mouse model. J Microbiol 2012; 50:502-10. [PMID: 22752915 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-012-2090-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2012] [Accepted: 03/14/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The use of bacteria has contributed to recent advances in targeted cancer therapy especially for its tumor-specific accumulation and proliferation. In this study, we investigated the molecular events following bacterial therapy using an attenuated Salmonella Typhimurium defective in ppGpp synthesis (ΔppGpp), by analyzing those proteins differentially expressed in tumor tissues from treated and untreated mice. CT26 murine colon cancer cells were implanted in BALB/c mice and allowed to form tumors. The tumor-bearing mice were treated with the attenuated Salmonella Typhimurium. Tumor tissues were analyzed by 2D-PAGE. Fourteen differentially expressed proteins were identified by mass spectrometry. The analysis revealed that cytoskeletal components, including vimentin, drebrin-like protein, and tropomyosin-alpha 3, were decreased while serum proteins related to heme or iron metabolism, including transferrin, hemopexin, and haptoglobin were increased. Subsequent studies revealed that the decrease in cytoskeletal components occurred at the transcriptional level and that the increase in heme and iron metabolism proteins occurred in liver. Most interestingly, the same pattern of increased expression of transferrin, hemopexin, and haptoglobin was observed following radiotherapy at the dosage of 14 Gy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misun Yun
- Departments of Microbiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, 501-746, Republic of Korea
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Hepper I, Schymeinsky J, Weckbach LT, Jakob SM, Frommhold D, Sixt M, Laschinger M, Sperandio M, Walzog B. The Mammalian Actin-Binding Protein 1 Is Critical for Spreading and Intraluminal Crawling of Neutrophils under Flow Conditions. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 188:4590-601. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1100878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Boateng LR, Cortesio CL, Huttenlocher A. Src-mediated phosphorylation of mammalian Abp1 (DBNL) regulates podosome rosette formation in transformed fibroblasts. J Cell Sci 2012; 125:1329-41. [PMID: 22303001 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.096529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Podosomes are dynamic actin-based structures that mediate adhesion to the extracellular matrix and localize matrix degradation to facilitate cell motility and invasion. Drebrin-like protein (DBNL), which is homologous to yeast mAbp1 and is therefore known as mammalian actin-binding protein 1 (mAbp1), has been implicated in receptor-mediated endocytosis, vesicle recycling and dorsal ruffle formation. However, it is not known whether mAbp1 regulates podosome formation or cell invasion. In this study, we found that mAbp1 localizes to podosomes and is necessary for the formation of podosome rosettes in Src-transformed fibroblasts. Despite their structural similarity, mAbp1 and cortactin play distinct roles in podosome regulation. Cortactin was necessary for the formation of podosome dots, whereas mAbp1 was necessary for the formation of organized podosome rosettes in Src-transformed cells. We identified specific Src phosphorylation sites, Tyr337 and Tyr347 of mAbp1, which mediate the formation of podosome rosettes and degradation of the ECM. In contrast to dorsal ruffles, the interaction of mAbp1 with WASP-interacting protein (WIP) was not necessary for the formation of podosome rosettes. Finally, we showed that depletion of mAbp1 increased invasive cell migration, suggesting that mAbp1 differentially regulates matrix degradation and cell invasion. Collectively, our findings identify a role for mAbp1 in podosome rosette formation and cell invasion downstream of Src.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsy R Boateng
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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Zhu T, Chen L, Du W, Tsuji T, Chen C. Synthetic Lethality Induced by Loss of PKC δ and Mutated Ras. Genes Cancer 2011; 1:142-51. [PMID: 21031151 DOI: 10.1177/1947601909360989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic lethal interaction between oncogenic Ha-ras and loss of PKC has been demonstrated. Recently, the authors reported that the concurrent knockdown of PKC α and β, via upregulating PKC δ, sensitizes cells with aberrant Ras signaling to apoptosis. As a continuation of the study, using shRNA, the authors demonstrate that loss of PKC δ causes a lethal reaction in NIH3T3/Hras or prostate cancer DU145 cells that overexpress JNK. In this apoptotic process, PKC α and β are upregulated and then associated with RACK1 (an adaptor for activated PKC) and JNK. Immunoblotting analysis shows that JNK is phosphorylated, accompanied with caspase 8 cleavage. The inhibition of JNK abrogates this apoptotic process triggered by PKC δ knockdown. Interestingly, without blocking PKC δ, the concurrent overexpression of wt- or CAT-PKC α and β is insufficient to induce apoptosis in the cells. Together with the authors' previous findings, the data suggest that PKC α/β and δ function oppositely to maintain a balance that supports cells expressing v-ras to survive and prevents them from being eliminated through oncogenic stress-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongbo Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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29
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The mammalian actin-binding protein 1 (mAbp1): a novel molecular player in leukocyte biology. Trends Cell Biol 2011; 21:247-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2010.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2010] [Revised: 11/21/2010] [Accepted: 12/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Processing and localization of the african swine fever virus CD2v transmembrane protein. J Virol 2011; 85:3294-305. [PMID: 21248037 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01994-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The African swine fever virus (ASFV)-encoded CD2v transmembrane protein is required for the hemadsorption of red blood cells around infected cells and is also required for the inhibition of bystander lymphocyte proliferation in response to mitogens. We studied the expression of CD2v by expressing the gene with a V5 tag downstream from the signal peptide near the N terminus and a hemagglutinin (HA) tag at the C terminus. In ASFV-infected cells, a full-length glycosylated form of the CD2v protein, which migrated mainly as a 89-kDa product, was detected, as well as an N-terminal glycosylated fragment of 63 kDa and a C-terminal nonglycosylated fragment of 26 kDa. All of these forms of the protein were localized in the membrane fraction of cells. The 26-kDa C-terminal fragment was also produced in infected cells treated with brefeldin A. These data indicate that the CD2v protein is cleaved within the luminal domain and that this occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum or Golgi compartments. Confocal microscopy showed that most of the expressed CD2v protein was localized within cells rather than at the cell surface. Comparison of the localization of full-length CD2v with that of a deletion mutant lacking all of the cytoplasmic tail apart from the 12 membrane-proximal amino acids indicated that signals within the cytoplasmic tail are responsible for the predominant localization of the full-length and C-terminal 26-kDa fragment within membranes around the virus factories, which contain markers for the Golgi compartment. Processing of the CD2v protein was not observed in uninfected cells, indicating that it is induced by ASFV infection.
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Lettau M, Pieper J, Gerneth A, Lengl-Janssen B, Voss M, Linkermann A, Schmidt H, Gelhaus C, Leippe M, Kabelitz D, Janssen O. The adapter protein Nck: role of individual SH3 and SH2 binding modules for protein interactions in T lymphocytes. Protein Sci 2010; 19:658-69. [PMID: 20082308 DOI: 10.1002/pro.334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Nck is a ubiquitously expressed, primarily cytosolic adapter protein consisting of one SH2 domain and three SH3 domains. It links receptor and nonreceptor tyrosine kinases to actin cytoskeleton reorganizing proteins. In T lymphocytes, Nck is a crucial component of signaling pathways for T cell activation and effector function. It recruits actin remodeling proteins to T cell receptor (TCR)-associated activation clusters and thereby initiates changes in cell polarity and morphology. Moreover, Nck is crucial for the TCR-induced mobilization of secretory vesicles to the cytotoxic immunological synapse. To identify the interactome of Nck in human T cells, we performed a systematic screen for interaction partners in untreated or pervanadate-treated cells. We used GST fusion proteins containing full length Nck, the combined SH3 domains or the individual SH3 and SH2 domains to precipitate putative Nck interactors from cellular lysates. Protein bands were excised from gels, processed by tryptic in-gel digestion and analyzed by mass spectrometry. Using this approach, we confirmed previously established interactions (e.g., with Slp76, CD3 epsilon, WASP, and WIPF1) and identified several novel putative Nck-binding proteins. We subsequently verified the SH2 domain binding to the actin-binding protein HIP55 and to FYB/ADAP, and the SH3-mediated binding to the nuclear proteins SFPQ/NONO. Using laser scanning microscopy, we provide new evidence for a nuclear localization of Nck in human T cells. Our data highlight the fundamental role of Nck in the TCR-to-cytoskeleton crosstalk and point to yet unknown nuclear functions of Nck also in T lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Lettau
- Molecular Immunology, Institute for Immunology, Christian-Albrechts University, D-24105 Kiel, Germany.
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Rossi L, Lapini I, Magi A, Pratesi G, Lavitrano M, Biasi GM, Pulli R, Pratesi C, Abbate R, Giusti B. Carotid artery disease: novel pathophysiological mechanisms identified by gene-expression profiling of peripheral blood. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2010; 40:549-58. [PMID: 20709579 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2010.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2010] [Accepted: 07/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECT The pathogenesis of carotid artery stenosis (CAS) as well as the mechanisms underlying the different localisation of the atherosclerotic lesions remains poorly understood. We used microarray technology to identify novel systemic mediators that could contribute to CAS pathogenesis. Moreover, we compared gene-expression profile of CAS with that of patients affected by abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), previously published by our group. METHODS AND RESULTS By global gene-expression profiling in a pool of 10 CAS patients and 10 matched controls, we found 82 genes differentially expressed. Validation study in pools used for profiling and replication study in larger numbers of CAS patients (n = 40) and controls (n = 40) of 14 genes by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) confirmed microarray results. Fourteen out of 82 genes were similarly expressed in AAA patients. Gene ontology analysis identified a statistically significant enrichment in CAS of differentially expressed transcripts involved in immune response and oxygen transport. Whereas alteration of oxygen transport is a common tract of the two localisations, alteration of immune response in CAS and of lipid metabolic process in AAA represents distinctive tracts of the two atherosclerotic diseases. CONCLUSIONS We describe the systemic gene-expression profile of CAS, which provides an extensive list of potential molecular markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Rossi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Critical Care and DENOTHE Center, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Skelton TS, Tejpal N, Gong Y, Kloc M, Ghobrial RM. Downregulation of RhoA and changes in T cell cytoskeleton correlate with the abrogation of allograft rejection. Transpl Immunol 2010; 23:185-93. [PMID: 20619345 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2010.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2010] [Revised: 06/15/2010] [Accepted: 06/16/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Proper actin cytoskeleton architecture and dynamics are indispensable for events in the immunological response such as T cell migration, redistribution of T cell receptors, and interaction with antigen presenting cells. Thus, T cell activation, downstream signaling events and effector functions are all actin-dependent. Actin cytoskeleton architecture and dynamics are regulated by proteins belonging to the superfamily of small GTP-binding proteins, such as RhoA GTPase. We previously showed that the administration of an MHC class I allochimeric molecule [alpha1h1/u]-RT1.Aa, which contains donor-type (Wistar Furth, WF; RT1u) immunogenic epitopes displayed on recipient-type (ACI, RT1a) sequences, to the ACI recipient of heterotopic WF heart resulted in the restriction of the TCR repertoire, inhibition of T cell infiltration into the heterotopic cardiac allografts, abrogation of acute and chronic rejection, and induction of indefinite survival of the allograft. Here we show that the allochimeric molecule treatment caused downregulation of RhoA GTPase in T cells. This resulted in dramatic changes in the distribution of actin and the actin-binding protein, Hip55, in these cells, which in turn, inhibited T cell infiltration into the graft. This indicates that the immunosuppressive activity of the allochimeric molecule is achieved via downregulation of the RhoA pathway and disruption of the proper organization of T cell actin cytoskeleton to inhibit T cell functions such as motility and/or TCR signaling events.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Spencer Skelton
- Department of Surgery, The Methodist Hospital and The Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Houston TX, USA
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Pérez-Martínez M, Gordón-Alonso M, Cabrero JR, Barrero-Villar M, Rey M, Mittelbrunn M, Lamana A, Morlino G, Calabia C, Yamazaki H, Shirao T, Vázquez J, González-Amaro R, Veiga E, Sánchez-Madrid F. F-actin-binding protein drebrin regulates CXCR4 recruitment to the immune synapse. J Cell Sci 2010; 123:1160-70. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.064238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The adaptive immune response depends on the interaction of T cells and antigen-presenting cells at the immune synapse. Formation of the immune synapse and the subsequent T-cell activation are highly dependent on the actin cytoskeleton. In this work, we describe that T cells express drebrin, a neuronal actin-binding protein. Drebrin colocalizes with the chemokine receptor CXCR4 and F-actin at the peripheral supramolecular activation cluster in the immune synapse. Drebrin interacts with the cytoplasmic tail of CXCR4 and both proteins redistribute to the immune synapse with similar kinetics. Drebrin knockdown in T cells impairs the redistribution of CXCR4 and inhibits actin polymerization at the immune synapse as well as IL-2 production. Our data indicate that drebrin exerts an unexpected and relevant functional role in T cells during the generation of the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Pérez-Martínez
- Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Diego de León, 62, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Gordón-Alonso
- Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Diego de León, 62, 28006, Madrid, Spain
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - José Román Cabrero
- Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Diego de León, 62, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Barrero-Villar
- Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Diego de León, 62, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Rey
- Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Diego de León, 62, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Mittelbrunn
- Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Diego de León, 62, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Amalia Lamana
- Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Diego de León, 62, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Giulia Morlino
- Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Diego de León, 62, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Calabia
- Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Diego de León, 62, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hiroyuki Yamazaki
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Shirao
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Jesús Vázquez
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Esteban Veiga
- Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Diego de León, 62, 28006, Madrid, Spain
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Francisco Sánchez-Madrid
- Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Diego de León, 62, 28006, Madrid, Spain
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28029, Spain
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Tucker KL, Kaiser WJ, Bergeron AL, Hu H, Dong JF, Tan TH, Gibbins JM. Proteomic analysis of resting and thrombin-stimulated platelets reveals the translocation and functional relevance of HIP-55 in platelets. Proteomics 2009; 9:4340-54. [PMID: 19725075 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200900024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The platelet surface is a dynamic interface that changes rapidly in response to stimuli to co-ordinate the formation of thrombi at sites of vascular injury. Tight control is essential as loss of organisation may result in the inappropriate formation of thrombi (thrombosis) or excessive bleeding. In this paper we describe the comparative analysis of resting and thrombin-stimulated platelet membrane proteomes and associated proteins to identify proteins important to platelet function. Surface proteins were labelled using a biotin tag and isolated by NeurtrAvidin affinity chromatography. Liquid phase IEF and SDS-PAGE were used to separate proteins, and bands of increased intensity in the stimulated platelet fractions were digested and identified by FT-ICR mass spectrometry. Novel proteins were identified along with proteins known to be translocated to the platelet surface. Furthermore, many platelet proteins revealed changes in location associated with function, including G6B and Hip-55. HIP-55 is an SH3-binding protein important in T-cell receptor signalling. Further analysis of HIP-55 revealed that this adaptor protein becomes increasingly associated with both Syk and integrin beta3 upon platelet activation. Analysis of HIP-55 deficient platelets revealed reduced fibrinogen binding upon thrombin stimulation, suggesting HIP-55 to be an important regulator of platelet function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine L Tucker
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, UK.
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Cortesio CL, Perrin BJ, Bennin DA, Huttenlocher A. Actin-binding protein-1 interacts with WASp-interacting protein to regulate growth factor-induced dorsal ruffle formation. Mol Biol Cell 2009; 21:186-97. [PMID: 19910490 PMCID: PMC2801713 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e09-02-0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The authors show that the mammalian actin binding protein-1 (mAbp1) is required for PDGF-induced dorsal ruffle formation. mAbp1 interacts directly with WASp Interacting Protein (WIP) through its SH3 domain, and this interaction is important for regulating dorsal ruffle formation. Growth factor stimulation induces the formation of dynamic actin structures known as dorsal ruffles. Mammalian actin-binding protein-1 (mAbp1) is an actin-binding protein that has been implicated in regulating clathrin-mediated endocytosis; however, a role for mAbp1 in regulating the dynamics of growth factor–induced actin-based structures has not been defined. Here we show that mAbp1 localizes to dorsal ruffles and is necessary for platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-mediated dorsal ruffle formation. Despite their structural similarity, we find that mAbp1 and cortactin have nonredundant functions in the regulation of dorsal ruffle formation. mAbp1, like cortactin, is a calpain 2 substrate and the preferred cleavage site occurs between the actin-binding domain and the proline-rich region, generating a C-terminal mAbp1 fragment that inhibits dorsal ruffle formation. Furthermore, mAbp1 directly interacts with the actin regulatory protein WASp-interacting protein (WIP) through its SH3 domain. Finally, we demonstrate that the interaction between mAbp1 and WIP is important in regulating dorsal ruffle formation and that WIP-mediated effects on dorsal ruffle formation require mAbp1. Taken together, these findings identify a novel role for mAbp1 in growth factor–induced dorsal ruffle formation through its interaction with WIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christa L Cortesio
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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37
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Lapinski PE, Oliver JA, Bodie JN, Marti F, King PD. The T-cell-specific adapter protein family: TSAd, ALX, and SH2D4A/SH2D4B. Immunol Rev 2009; 232:240-54. [PMID: 19909368 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.2009.00829.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Adapter proteins play key roles in intracellular signal transduction through complex formation with catalytically active signaling molecules. In T lymphocytes, the role of several different types of adapter proteins in T-cell antigen receptor signal transduction is well established. An exception to this is the family of T-cell-specific adapter (TSAd) proteins comprising of TSAd, adapter protein of unknown function (ALX), SH2D4A, and SH2D4B. Only recently has the function of these adapters in T-cell signal transduction been explored. Here, we discuss advances in our understanding of the role of this family of adapter proteins in T cells. Their function as regulators of signal transduction in other cell types is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip E Lapinski
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5620, USA
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A fundamental role of mAbp1 in neutrophils: impact on beta(2) integrin-mediated phagocytosis and adhesion in vivo. Blood 2009; 114:4209-20. [PMID: 19638624 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2009-02-206169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammalian actin-binding protein 1 (mAbp1, Hip-55, SH3P7) is phosphorylated by the nonreceptor tyrosine kinase Syk that has a fundamental effect for several beta(2) integrin (CD11/CD18)-mediated neutrophil functions. Live cell imaging showed a dynamic enrichment of enhanced green fluorescence protein-tagged mAbp1 at the phagocytic cup of neutrophil-like differentiated HL-60 cells during beta(2) integrin-mediated phagocytosis of serum-opsonized Escherichia coli. The genetic absence of Syk or its pharmacologic inhibition using piceatannol abrogated the proper localization of mAbp1 at the phagocytic cup. The genetic absence or down-regulation of mAbp1 using the RNA interference technique significantly compromised beta(2) integrin-mediated phagocytosis of serum-opsonized E coli or Salmonella typhimurium in vitro as well as clearance of S typhimurium infection in vivo. Moreover, the genetic absence of mAbp1 almost completely abrogated firm neutrophil adhesion under physiologic shear stress conditions in vitro as well as leukocyte adhesion and extravasation in inflamed cremaster muscle venules of mice treated with tumor-necrosis factor alpha. Functional analysis showed that the down-regulation of mAbp1 diminished the number of beta(2) integrin clusters in the high-affinity conformation under flow conditions. These unanticipated results define mAbp1 as a novel molecular player in integrin biology that is critical for phagocytosis and firm neutrophil adhesion under flow conditions.
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Robertson AS, Smythe E, Ayscough KR. Functions of actin in endocytosis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2009; 66:2049-65. [PMID: 19290477 PMCID: PMC11115948 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-009-0001-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2009] [Revised: 02/10/2009] [Accepted: 02/13/2009] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Endocytosis is a fundamental eukaryotic process required for remodelling plasma-membrane lipids and protein to ensure appropriate membrane composition. Increasing evidence from a number of cell types reveals that actin plays an active, and often essential, role at key endocytic stages. Much of our current mechanistic understanding of the endocytic process has come from studies in budding yeast and has been facilitated by yeast's genetic amenability and by technological advances in live cell imaging. While endocytosis in metazoans is likely to be subject to a greater array of regulatory signals, recent reports indicate that spatiotemporal aspects of vesicle formation requiring actin are likely to be conserved across eukaryotic evolution. In this review we focus on the 'modular' model of endocytosis in yeast before highlighting comparisons with other cell types. Our discussion is limited to endocytosis involving clathrin as other types of endocytosis have not been demonstrated in yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alastair S. Robertson
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN UK
| | - Elizabeth Smythe
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN UK
| | - Kathryn R. Ayscough
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN UK
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40
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Onabajo OO, Seeley MK, Kale A, Qualmann B, Kessels M, Han J, Tan TH, Song W. Actin-binding protein 1 regulates B cell receptor-mediated antigen processing and presentation in response to B cell receptor activation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2008; 180:6685-95. [PMID: 18453588 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.180.10.6685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The BCR serves as both signal transducer and Ag transporter. Binding of Ags to the BCR induces signaling cascades and Ag processing and presentation, two essential cellular events for B cell activation. BCR-initiated signaling increases BCR-mediated Ag-processing efficiency by increasing the rate and specificity of Ag transport. Previous studies showed a critical role for the actin cytoskeleton in these two processes. In this study, we found that actin-binding protein 1 (Abp1/HIP-55/SH3P7) functioned as an actin-binding adaptor protein, coupling BCR signaling and Ag-processing pathways with the actin cytoskeleton. Gene knockout of Abp1 and overexpression of the Src homology 3 domain of Abp1 inhibited BCR-mediated Ag internalization, consequently reducing the rate of Ag transport to processing compartments and the efficiency of BCR-mediated Ag processing and presentation. BCR activation induced tyrosine phosphorylation of Abp1 and translocation of both Abp1 and dynamin 2 from the cytoplasm to plasma membrane, where they colocalized with the BCR and cortical F-actin. Mutations of the two tyrosine phosphorylation sites of Abp1 and depolymerization of the actin cytoskeleton interfered with BCR-induced Abp1 recruitment to the plasma membrane. The inhibitory effect of a dynamin proline-rich domain deletion mutant on the recruitment of Abp1 to the plasma membrane, coimmunoprecipitation of dynamin with Abp1, and coprecipitation of Abp1 with GST fusion of the dyanmin proline-rich domain demonstrate the interaction of Abp1 with dynamin 2. These results demonstrate that the BCR regulates the function of Abp1 by inducing Abp1 phosphorylation and actin cytoskeleton rearrangement, and that Abp1 facilitates BCR-mediated Ag processing by simultaneously interacting with dynamin and the actin cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olusegun O Onabajo
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
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41
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Abstract
More than a quarter of a century has passed since the observation that T cells rapidly polarize their actin and microtubule cytoskeletal systems toward antigen-presenting cells during activation. Since this initial discovery, several receptors on T cells (e.g., T cell receptor [TCR], co-receptors, integrins, and chemokine receptors) have been identified to regulate these two cytoskeletal networks through complex signaling pathways, which are still being elucidated. There is now an undeniable body of biochemical, pharmacological, and genetic evidence indicating that regulators of actin and microtubule dynamics are crucial for T cell activation and effector functions. In fact, the actin cytoskeleton participates in the initial clustering of TCR-major histocompatibility complex or peptide complexes, formation and stabilization of the immune synapse, integrin-mediated adhesion, and receptor sequestration, whereas both the actin and microtubule cytoskeletons regulate the establishment of cell polarity, cell migration, and directed secretion of cytokines and cytolytic granules. Over the past several years, we have begun to more thoroughly understand the contributions of specific actin-regulatory and actin-nucleating proteins that govern these processes. Herein, we discuss our current understanding of how activating receptors on T lymphocytes regulate the actin and microtubule cytoskeletons, and how in turn, these distinct but integrated cytoskeletal networks coordinate T cell immune responses.
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Muzio M, Scielzo C, Frenquelli M, Bachi A, De Palma M, Alessio M, Ghia P, Caligaris-Cappio F. HS1 complexes with cytoskeleton adapters in normal and malignant chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells. Leukemia 2007; 21:2067-70. [PMID: 17508001 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2404744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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43
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Abstract
To become activated, T cells must efficiently recognize antigen-presenting cells or target cells through several complex cytoskeleton-dependent processes, including integrin-mediated adhesion, immunological-synapse formation, cellular polarization, receptor sequestration and signalling. The actin and microtubule systems provide the dynamic cellular framework that is required to orchestrate these processes and ultimately contol T-cell activation. Here, we discuss recent advances that have furthered our understanding of the crucial importance of the T-cell cytoskeleton in controlling these aspects of T-cell immune recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel D Billadeau
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street South West, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA
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Abstract
Increasing evidence from a variety of cell types has highlighted the importance of the actin cytoskeleton during endocytosis. No longer is actin viewed as a passive barrier that must be removed to allow endocytosis to proceed. Rather, actin structures are dynamically organised to assist the remodelling of the cell surface to allow inward movement of vesicles. The majority of our mechanistic insight into the role of actin in endocytosis has come from studies in budding yeast. Although endocytosis in mammalian cells is clearly more complex and subject to a greater array of regulatory signals, recent advances have revealed actin, and actin-regulatory proteins, to be present at endocytic sites. Furthermore, live cell imaging indicates that spatiotemporal aspects of actin recruitment and vesicle formation are likely to be conserved across eukaryotic evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Smythe
- Department of Biomedical Science, Firth Court, Western Bank, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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45
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Wang X, Rosa AJM, Oliverira HN, Rosa GJM, Guo X, Travnicek M, Girshick T. Transcriptome of local innate and adaptive immunity during early phase of infectious bronchitis viral infection. Viral Immunol 2007; 19:768-74. [PMID: 17201672 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2006.19.768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To understand the mechanistic basis of local innate and adaptive immunity against infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) at the molecular level, we examined the gene transcription profile of tracheal epithelial layers 3 d after infection of chickens with an attenuated IBV-Massachusetts strain. Results suggested that the transcription levels of 365 genes were either upregulated or downregulated (2-fold and higher) after IBV infection. Among the upregulated 250 genes, 25 were directly immune-related genes. These upregulated immune response genes included TLR2, TLR3, interferon-induced antiviral genes (Mx), and genes responsible for cytotoxic T cell killing such as Fas antigen and granzyme-A. Overall, a diversity of innate immunity and helper T cell type 1 (Th1)-biased adaptive immunity are activated in the host's early defense against IBV invasion, and they are responsible for the rapid clearance of virus from the local infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuqing Wang
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA.
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46
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Le Bras S, Moon C, Foucault I, Breittmayer JP, Deckert M. Abl-SH3 binding protein 2, 3BP2, interacts with CIN85 and HIP-55. FEBS Lett 2007; 581:967-74. [PMID: 17306257 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2007.01.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2006] [Revised: 01/24/2007] [Accepted: 01/25/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The adapter 3BP2 is involved in leukocyte signaling downstream Src/Syk-kinases coupled immunoreceptors. Here, we show that 3BP2 directly interacts with the endocytic scaffold protein CIN85 and the actin-binding protein HIP-55. 3BP2 co-localized with CIN85 and HIP-55 in T cell rafts and at the T cell/APC synapse, an active zone of receptors and proteins recycling. A binding region of CIN85 SH3 domains on 3BP2 was mapped to a PVPTPR motif in the first proline-rich region of 3BP2, whereas the C-terminal SH3 domain of HIP-55 bound a more distal proline-rich domain of 3BP2. Together, our data suggest an unexpected role of 3BP2 in endocytic and cytoskeletal regulation through its interaction with CIN85 and HIP-55.
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Affiliation(s)
- Séverine Le Bras
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, UMR 576, Hôpital de l'Archet, Route Saint Antoine de Ginestière, Nice cédex 3, F-06202, France
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47
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Shui JW, Boomer JS, Han J, Xu J, Dement GA, Zhou G, Tan TH. Hematopoietic progenitor kinase 1 negatively regulates T cell receptor signaling and T cell-mediated immune responses. Nat Immunol 2006; 8:84-91. [PMID: 17115060 DOI: 10.1038/ni1416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2006] [Accepted: 10/26/2006] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
HPK1 is a Ste20-related serine-threonine kinase that inducibly associates with the adaptors SLP-76 and Gads after T cell receptor (TCR) signaling. Here, HPK1 deficiency resulted in enhanced TCR-induced phosphorylation of SLP-76, phospholipase C-gamma1 and the kinase Erk, more-persistent calcium flux, and increased production of cytokines and antigen-specific antibodies. Furthermore, HPK1-deficient mice were more susceptible to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Although the interaction between SLP-76 and Gads was unaffected, the inducible association of SLP-76 with 14-3-3tau (a phosphorylated serine-binding protein and negative regulator of TCR signaling) was reduced in HPK1-deficient T cells after TCR stimulation. HPK1 phosphorylated SLP-76 and induced the interaction of SLP-76 with 14-3-3tau. Our results indicate that HPK1 negatively regulates TCR signaling and T cell-mediated immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jr-Wen Shui
- Department of Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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48
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Kölsch U, Arndt B, Reinhold D, Lindquist JA, Jüling N, Kliche S, Pfeffer K, Bruyns E, Schraven B, Simeoni L. Normal T-cell development and immune functions in TRIM-deficient mice. Mol Cell Biol 2006; 26:3639-48. [PMID: 16612002 PMCID: PMC1447406 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.26.9.3639-3648.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The transmembrane adaptor molecule TRIM is strongly expressed within thymus and in peripheral CD4(+) T cells. Previous studies suggested that TRIM is an integral component of the T-cell receptor (TCR)/CD3 complex and might be involved in regulating TCR cycling. To elucidate the in vivo function of TRIM, we generated TRIM-deficient mice by homologous recombination. TRIM(-/-) mice develop normally and are healthy and fertile. However, the animals show a mild reduction in body weight that appears to be due to a decrease in the size and/or cellularity of many organs. The morphology and anatomy of nonlymphoid as well as primary and secondary lymphoid organs is normal. The frequency of thymocyte and peripheral T-cell subsets does not differ from control littermates. In addition, a detailed analysis of lymphocyte development revealed that TRIM is not required for either positive or negative selection. Although TRIM(-/-) CD4(+) T cells showed an augmented phosphorylation of the serine/threonine kinase Akt, the in vitro characterization of peripheral T cells indicated that proliferation, survival, activation-induced cell death, migration, adhesion, TCR internalization and recycling, TCR-mediated calcium fluxes, tyrosine phosphorylation, and mitogen-activated protein family kinase activation are not affected in the absence of TRIM. Similarly, the in vivo immune response to T-dependent and T-independent antigens as well as the clinical course of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, a complex Th1-mediated autoimmune model, is comparable to that of wild-type animals. Collectively, these results demonstrate that TRIM is dispensable for T-cell development and peripheral immune functions. The lack of an evident phenotype could indicate that TRIM shares redundant functions with other transmembrane adaptors involved in regulating the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uwe Kölsch
- Institute of Immunology, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
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49
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Connert S, Wienand S, Thiel C, Krikunova M, Glyvuk N, Tsytsyura Y, Hilfiker-Kleiner D, Bartsch JW, Klingauf J, Wienands J. SH3P7/mAbp1 deficiency leads to tissue and behavioral abnormalities and impaired vesicle transport. EMBO J 2006; 25:1611-22. [PMID: 16601697 PMCID: PMC1440832 DOI: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7601053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2005] [Accepted: 02/28/2006] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The intracellular adaptor protein SH3P7 is the mammalian ortholog of yeast actin-binding protein 1 and thus alternatively named as mAbp1 (or HIP55). Structural properties, biochemical analysis of its interaction partners and siRNA studies implicated mAbp1 as an accessory protein in clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME). Here, we describe the generation and characterization of mice deficient for SH3P7/mAbp1 owing to targeted gene disruption in embryonic stem cells. Mutant animals are viable and fertile without obvious deficits during the first weeks of life. Abnormal structure and function of organs including the spleen, heart, and lung is observed at about 3 months of age in both heterozygous and homozygous mouse mutants. A moderate reduction of both receptor-mediated and synaptic endocytosis is observed in embryonic fibroblasts and in synapses of hippocampal neurons, respectively. Recycling of synaptic vesicles in hippocampal boutons is severely impaired and delayed four-fold. The presynaptic defect of SH3P7/mAbp1 mouse mutants is associated with their constricted physical capabilities and disturbed neuromotoric behaviour. Our data reveal a nonredundant role of SH3P7/mAbp1 in CME and places its function downstream of vesicle fission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Connert
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Immunology, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Simone Wienand
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Medical Faculty of Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Cora Thiel
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Medical Faculty of Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Maria Krikunova
- Department of Membrane Biophysics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Nataliya Glyvuk
- Department of Membrane Biophysics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Yaroslav Tsytsyura
- Department of Membrane Biophysics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Jörg W Bartsch
- Department of Developmental Biology and Molecular Pathology, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Jürgen Klingauf
- Department of Membrane Biophysics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Wienands
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Medical Faculty of Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Medical Faculty of the Georg-August-University of Göttingen, Humboldtallee 34, 37073 Göttingen, Germany. Tel.: +49 551 39 5812; Fax: +49 551 39 5843; E-mail:
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