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Ma L, Xie M, Yang Y, Ding X, Li Y, Yan Z, Chan EWC, Chen S, Chen G, Zhang R. Prevalence and genomic characterization of clinical Escherichia coli strains that harbor the plasmid-borne tet(X4) gene in China. Microbiol Res 2024; 285:127730. [PMID: 38805981 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
The tigecycline resistance gene tet(X4) has been widely reported in animals and animal products in some Asian countries including China in recent years but only sporadically detected in human. In this study, we investigated the prevalence and genetic features of tet(X4)-positive clinical E. coli strains. A total of 462 fecal samples were collected from patients in four hospitals located in four provinces in China in 2023. Nine tet(X4)-positive E. coli strains were isolated and subjected to characterization of their genetic and phenotypic features by performing antimicrobial susceptibility test, whole-genome sequencing, bioinformatic and phylogenetic analysis. The majority of the test strains were found to exhibit resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents including tigecycline but remained susceptible to colistin and meropenem. A total of seven different sequence types (STs) and an unknown ST type were identified among the nine tet(X4)-positive strains. Notably, the tet(X4) gene in six out of these nine tet(X4)-positive E. coli strains was located in a IncFIA-HI1A-HI1B hybrid plasmid, which was an tet(X4)-bearing epidemic plasmid responsible for dissemination of the tet(X4) gene in China. Furthermore, the tet(X4) gene in four out of nine tet(X4)-positive E. coli isolates could be successfully transferred to E. coli EC600 through conjugation. In conclusion, this study characterized the epidemic tet(X4)-bearing plasmids and tet(X4)-associated genetic environment in clinical E. coli strains, suggested the importance of continuous surveillance of such tet(X4)-bearing plasmids to control the increasingly widespread dissemination of tigecycline-resistant pathogens in clinical settings in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Miaomiao Xie
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Yongxin Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinying Ding
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zibo First Hospital, Zibo, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zelin Yan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Edward Wai-Chi Chan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | - Gongxiang Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
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Jin H, Jia Q, Jin X, Zhu X, Wang MG, Sun RY, Cui C. Identification of novel Tet(X6)-Tet(X2) recombinant variant in Elizabethkingia meningoseptica from a bullfrog farm and downstream river in China. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1453801. [PMID: 39144213 PMCID: PMC11322121 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1453801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The dissemination of strains producing tetracyclines monooxygenase Tet(X) from breeding farms to the natural environment poses a potential threat to public health. Methods Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and WGS were performed to identify resistance phenotypes and genotypes. Cloning experiments, sequence alignment, and homology modeling were used to characterize the function and formation mechanisms of the recombinant variant. The mobilization potential of Tet(X) was assessed by collinearity analysis, conjugation experiments, and phylogenetic analysis. Results Three tet(X)-producing Elizabethkingia meningoseptica strains were isolated from bullfrog breeding ponds, the sewage outlet, and downstream river in Zhejiang Province, China. These strains carry a novel Tet(X) variant, differing from Tet(X6) by seven residues, and possess the ability to degrade tetracyclines. Interestingly, the novel Tet(X) is a recombinant variant formed by homologous recombination of Tet(X6) and the C-terminal of Tet(X2). Further analysis revealed that Tet(X6) formed several Tet(X) variants, including Tet(X5), through homologous recombination. The novel tet(X) gene is located on a circularizable integrative and conjugative element (ICEEmeChn3), with ISwz1 participating in the recombination of its multi-drug resistance region, potentially facilitating the mobilization and recombination of tet(X) in early hosts. These three strains were clonally transmitted and shared a close genetic relationship (SNP < 62) with a clinically-sourced strain isolated from the same province. Discussion To our knowledge, this is the first report of homologous recombination between Tet(X) variants with differing activities. These clonal strains provide evidence of the transmission of tet(X)-positive strains from aquaculture sewage to the natural environment, highlighting the need to strengthen the monitoring and management of this emerging farming model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haobo Jin
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qing Jia
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xi Jin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinlong Zhu
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Min-Ge Wang
- Phage Research Center, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Ruan-Yang Sun
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chaoyue Cui
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
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Liu X, Liu Y, Ma X, Chen R, Li C, Fu H, Yang Y, Guo K, Zhang X, Liu R, Xu H, Zhu J, Zheng B. Emergence of plasmid-borne tet(X4) resistance gene in clinical isolate of eravacycline- and omadacycline-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae ST485. Microbiol Spectr 2024:e0049624. [PMID: 39041815 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00496-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Omadacycline and eravacycline are gradually being used as new tetracycline antibiotics for the clinical treatment of Gram-negative pathogens. Affected by various tetracycline-inactivating enzymes, there have been reports of resistance to eravacycline and omadacycline in recent years. We isolated a strain carrying the mobile tigecycline resistance gene tet(X4) from the feces of a patient in Zhejiang Province, China. The strain belongs to the rare ST485 sequence type. The isolate was identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). The MICs of antimicrobial agents were determined using either the agar dilution method or the micro broth dilution method. The result showed that the isolate was resistant to eravacycline (MIC = 32 mg/L), omadacycline (MIC > 64 mg/L), and tigecycline (MIC > 32 mg/L). Whole-genome sequencing revealed that the tet(X4) resistance gene is located on the IncFII(pCRY) conjugative plasmid. tet(X4) is flanked by ISVsa3, and we hypothesize that this association contributes to the spread of the resistance gene. Plasmids were analyzed by S1-nuclease pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (S1-PFGE), Southern blotting, and electrotransformation experiment. We successfully transferred the plasmid carrying tet(X4) to the recipient bacteria by electrotransformation experiment. Compared with the DH-5α, the MICs of the transformant L3995-DH5α were increased by eight-fold for eravacycline and two-fold higher for omadacycline. Overall, the emergence of plasmid-borne tet(X4) resistance gene in a clinical isolate of K. pneumoniae ST485 underscores the essential requirement for the ongoing monitoring of tet(X4) to prevent and control its further dissemination in China.IMPORTANCEThere are still limited reports on Klebsiella pneumoniae strains harboring tetracycline-resistant genes in China, and K. pneumoniae L3995hy adds a new example to those positive for the tet(X4) gene. Importantly, our study raises concerns that plasmid-mediated resistance to omadacycline and eravacycline may spread further to a variety of ecological and clinical pathogens, limiting the choice of medication for extensively drug-resistant bacterial infections. Therefore, it is important to continue to monitor the prevalence and spread of tet(X4) and other tetracyclines resistance genes in K. pneumoniae and diverse bacterial populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Liu
- Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohan Ma
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Ruyan Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chenyu Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongxin Fu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kexin Guo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, China
| | - Ruishan Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junfei Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Taizhou Central Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Beiwen Zheng
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Research Units of Infectious Diseases and Microecology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Fan XY, Jiang Y, Wu H, Liu J, Gu QY, Wang ZY, Sun L, Jiao X, Li Q, Wang J. Distribution and spread of tigecycline resistance gene tet(X4) in Escherichia coli from different sources. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1399732. [PMID: 39006743 PMCID: PMC11239352 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1399732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Tigecycline serves as a last-resort antimicrobial agent against severe infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. Tet(X) and its numerous variants encoding flavin-dependent monooxygenase can confer resistance to tigecycline, with tet(X4) being the most prevalent variant. This study aims to investigate the prevalence and characterize tigecycline resistance gene tet(X) in E. coli isolates from various origins in Yangzhou, China, to provide insights into tet(X) dissemination in this region. In 2022, we tested the presence of tet(X) in 618 E. coli isolates collected from diverse sources, including patients, pig-related samples, chicken-related samples, and vegetables in Yangzhou, China. The antimicrobial susceptibility of tet(X)-positive E. coli isolates was conducted using the agar dilution method or the broth microdilution method. Whole genome sequencing was performed on tet(X)-positive strains using Illumina and Oxford Nanopore platforms. Four isolates from pig or pork samples carried tet(X4) and exhibited resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents, including tigecycline. They were classified as ST542, ST10, ST761, and ST48, respectively. The tet(X4) gene was located on IncFIA8-IncHI1/ST17 (n=2), IncFIA18-IncFIB(K)-IncX1 (n=1), and IncX1 (n=1) plasmids, respectively. These tet(X4)-carrying plasmids exhibited high similarity to other tet(X4)-bearing plasmids with the same incompatible types found in diverse sources in China. They shared related genetic environments of tet(X4) associated with ISCR2, as observed in the first identified tet(X4)-bearing plasmid p47EC. In conclusion, although a low prevalence (0.65%) of tet(X) in E. coli strains was observed in this study, the horizontal transfer of tet(X4) among E. coli isolates mediated by pandemic plasmids and the mobile element ISCR2 raises great concerns. Thus, heightened surveillance and immediate action are imperative to curb this clinically significant resistance gene and preserve the efficacy of tigecycline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yan Fan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yue Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Han Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qing-Yun Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xinan Jiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qiuchun Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Mansoor MH, Lu X, Woksepp H, Sattar A, Humak F, Ali J, Li R, Bonnedahl J, Mohsin M. Detection and genomic characterization of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli harboring tet(X4) in black kites (Milvus migrans) in Pakistan. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9054. [PMID: 38643223 PMCID: PMC11032342 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59201-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The emergence of plasmid-mediated tigecycline resistance gene tet(X4) among clinically relevant bacteria has promoted significant concerns, as tigecycline is considered a last-resort drug against serious infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. We herein focused on the isolation and molecular characterization of tet(X4)-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) in wild bird populations with anthropogenic interaction in Faisalabad, Pakistan. A total of 150 birds including black kites (Milvus migrans) and house crows (Corvus splendens) were screened for the presence of tigecycline resistance K. pneumoniae and E. coli. We found two K. pneumoniae and one E. coli isolate carrying tet(X4) originating from black kites. A combination of short- and long-read sequencing strategies showed that tet(X4) was located on a broad host range IncFII plasmid family in K. pneumoniae isolates whereas on an IncFII-IncFIB hybrid plasmid in E. coli. We also found an integrative and conjugative element ICEKp2 in K. pneumoniae isolate KP8336. We demonstrate the first description of tet(X4) gene in the WHO critical-priority pathogen K. pneumoniae among wild birds. The convergence of tet(X4) and virulence associated ICEKp2 in a wild bird with known anthropogenic contact should be further investigated to evaluate the potential epidemiological implications. The potential risk of global transmission of tet(X4)-positive K. pneumoniae and E. coli warrant comprehensive evaluation and emphasizes the need for effective mitigation strategies to reduce anthropogenic-driven dissemination of AMR in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiaoyu Lu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanna Woksepp
- Department of Development and Public Health, Kalmar County Hospital, 391 85, Kalmar, Sweden
- Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Linnaeus University, 392 31, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Amna Sattar
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Farwa Humak
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Jabir Ali
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ruichao Li
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jonas Bonnedahl
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, 581 83, Linköping, Sweden.
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Region Kalmar County, 391 85, Kalmar, Sweden.
| | - Mashkoor Mohsin
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
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Liu YY, Lu L, Yue C, Gao X, Chen J, Gao G, Li K, Deng H, Liu JH. Emergence of plasmid-mediated high-level tigecycline resistance gene tet(X4) in Enterobacterales from retail aquatic products. Food Res Int 2024; 178:113952. [PMID: 38309872 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.113952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
The spread of antimicrobial-resistant microbes and genes in various foods poses a significant threat to public health. Of particular global concern is the plasmid-mediated tigecycline resistance gene tet(X4), which, while identified in various sources, has not hitherto been reported in aquatic products. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence and characterization of tigecycline-resistant strains from aquatic products. A total of 73 nonrepetitive seafood samples were purchased from 26 farmers' markets to detect tigecycline-resistant strains. Of these, nine Escherichia coli strains (comprising two ST58, one ST195, ST10, ST48, ST88, ST877, ST1244, ST14462) and one Citrobacter meridianamericanus, recovered from nine (12.33 %, 9/73) seafood samples (fish, n = 7; shrimp, clam and crab, n = 1 respectively), were positive for the tet(X4). Notably, phylogenetic analysis showed that E. coli ST195, a common ST carrying tet(X4), has a close phylogenetic relationship (23∼48 SNPs) with 32 tet(X4)-harboring E. coli ST195 isolates (isolated from pigs, animal foods, vegetable, and humans) deposited in NCBI database. Additionally, E. coli ST58 was closely (2 SNPs) related to one tet(X4)-positive E. coli strain from retail vegetables documented in the NCBI database. Whole genome sequencing and bioinformatic analysis revealed that tet(X4) genes were located on IncX1 (7 E. coli) or hybrid plasmid IncFIA(HI1)/IncHI1B(R27)/IncHI1A (2 E.coli and one C. meridianamericanus). These plasmids displayed high homology with those of plasmids from other sources deposited in GenBank database. These findings underscore the role of epidemic clones and plasmids in driving the dissemination of tet(X4) gene within Enterobacterales of aquatic products origin. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of tet(X4)-positive Enterobacterales from aquatic products. The pervasive propagation of tet(X4) gene facilitated by epidemic plasmids and clones across food animals, food products, humans, and the environment presents a serious threat to public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Yun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Litao Lu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Chao Yue
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Xun Gao
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Jiakuo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Guolong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Kexin Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Haotian Deng
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Jian-Hua Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China.
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Liu Z, Gao Y, Wang M, Liu Y, Wang F, Shi J, Wang Z, Li R. Adaptive evolution of plasmid and chromosome contributes to the fitness of a blaNDM-bearing cointegrate plasmid in Escherichia coli. THE ISME JOURNAL 2024; 18:wrae037. [PMID: 38438143 PMCID: PMC10976473 DOI: 10.1093/ismejo/wrae037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Large cointegrate plasmids recruit genetic features of their parental plasmids and serve as important vectors in the spread of antibiotic resistance. They are now frequently found in clinical settings, raising the issue of how to limit their further transmission. Here, we conducted evolutionary research of a large blaNDM-positive cointegrate within Escherichia coli C600, and discovered that adaptive evolution of chromosome and plasmid jointly improved bacterial fitness, which was manifested as enhanced survival ability for in vivo and in vitro pairwise competition, biofilm formation, and gut colonization ability. From the plasmid aspect, large-scale DNA fragment loss is observed in an evolved clone. Although the evolved plasmid imposes a negligible fitness cost on host bacteria, its conjugation frequency is greatly reduced, and the deficiency of anti-SOS gene psiB is found responsible for the impaired horizontal transferability rather than the reduced fitness cost. These findings unveil an evolutionary strategy in which the plasmid horizontal transferability and fitness cost are balanced. From the chromosome perspective, all evolved clones exhibit parallel mutations in the transcriptional regulatory stringent starvation Protein A gene sspA. Through a sspA knockout mutant, transcriptome analysis, in vitro transcriptional activity assay, RT-qPCR, motility test, and scanning electron microscopy techniques, we demonstrated that the mutation in sspA reduces its transcriptional inhibitory capacity, thereby improving bacterial fitness, biofilm formation ability, and gut colonization ability by promoting bacterial flagella synthesis. These findings expand our knowledge of how cointegrate plasmids adapt to new bacterial hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Jiangsu Key Lab of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
- College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, 311300 Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyun Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Jiangsu Key Lab of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Mianzhi Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Jiangsu Key Lab of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Jiangsu Key Lab of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Fulin Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023 Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Shi
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023 Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Jiangsu Key Lab of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruichao Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Jiangsu Key Lab of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
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8
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Chen H, Zhan Y, Wang L, Xiao Z, Feng D, Chen Z, Liu H, Chen D, Xu Z, Yang L. Co-Occurrence of tet(X4) and blaNDM-5 in Escherichia coli Isolates of Inpatient Origin in Guangzhou, China. Microb Drug Resist 2023. [PMID: 38150703 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2023.0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Tigecycline, one of the last-resort therapeutic options for complicated infections caused by multidrug-resistant pathogens, especially carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales and Acinetobacter in recent years. The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and antibiotic-resistant genes has threatened the effectiveness of antibiotics and public health with the excessive use of antibiotics in clinics. However, the emergence and dissemination of high-level mobile tigecycline-resistance gene tet(X) is challenging for clinical effectiveness of antimicrobial agent. This study aimed to characterize an E. coli strain T43, isolated from an inpatient in a teaching hospital in China. The E. coli T43 was resistant to almost all antimicrobials except colistin and consisted of a 4,774,080 bp chromosome and three plasmids. Plasmids pT43-1 and pT43-2 contained tigecycline-resistance gene tet(X4). Plasmid pT43-1 had a size of 152,423 bp with 51.05% GC content and harbored 151 putative open reading frames. pT43-1 was the largest plasmid in strain T43 and carried numerous resistance genes, especially tigecycline resistance gene tet(X4) and carbapenemase resistance gene blaNDM-5. The tet(X) gene was associated with IS26. Co-occurrence of numerous resistance genes in a single plasmid possibly contributed to the dissemination of these genes under antibiotics stress. It might explain the presence of clinically crucial resistance genes tet(X) and blaNDM-5 in clinics. This study suggested the applicable use of antibiotics and continued surveillance of tet(X) and blaNDM-5 in clinics are imperative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijun Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Microbiome Medicine Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linjing Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Microbiome Medicine Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhirou Xiao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Donghua Feng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhemei Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haitao Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dingqiang Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Microbiome Medicine Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenbo Xu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, School of Food Science and Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Starch and Vegetable Protein Processing Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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9
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Zhang S, Wen J, Wang Y, Zhong Z, Wang M, Jia R, Chen S, Liu M, Zhu D, Zhao X, Wu Y, Yang Q, Huang J, Ou X, Mao S, Gao Q, Sun D, Tian B, Cheng A. Decoding the enigma: unveiling the molecular transmission of avian-associated tet(X4)-positive E. coli in Sichuan Province, China. Poult Sci 2023; 102:103142. [PMID: 37879166 PMCID: PMC10618799 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Tigecycline is considered one of the "last resort antibiotics" for treating complex infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, especially for combating clinical resistant strains that produce carbapenemases. However, the tet(X4) gene, which carried by different plasmids can mediate high levels of bacterial resistance to tigecycline, was first reported in 2019. Here, we report the emergence of the plasmid-mediated tet(X4) in avian environment of Sichuan Province. A total of 21 tet(X4)-positive Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains were isolated and identified from avian samples in selected regions, with an isolation rate of 1.6% (21/1,286), and all of them were MDR strains. Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) method was used to classify the 21 tet(X4)-positive E. coli into the ST206, ST761, ST155, ST1638, ST542, and ST767 types, which also belong to the 3 phylogenetic subgroups A, B1, and C. Tet(X4) is located on mobile plasmids that can be efficiently and stably propagated. The results of fitness cost experiments showed that tet(X4)-positive plasmids may incur some fitness cost to host bacteria, but different tet(X4)-positive plasmids bring about differential fitness costs. Whole-genome sequencing further confirmed the tet(X4) gene can be located on IncX1-type plasmids and the core genetic structures are ISVsa3-rdmc-tet(X4) or rdmc-tet(X4)-ISVsa3, the former is a 7 copies tandem repeat structure. In this study, we isolated and identified tet(X4)-positive E. coli from the avian origin in Sichuan, analyzed the mobility of the tet(X4) by conjugational transfer and S1-PFGE, and evaluated the biological characteristics of the tet(X4)-positive plasmid using the results of conjugational frequency, plasmid stability, and fitness costs. Finally, combined with the third-generation whole-genome sequencing analysis, the molecular transmission characteristics of the tet(X4) were preliminarily clarified, providing a scientific basis for guiding veterinary clinical use in this area, as well as risk assessment and prevention of the transfer and spread of tigecycline resistant strains or genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaqiu Zhang
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the PR China, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Jinfeng Wen
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Yuwei Wang
- Mianyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Mianyang 621023, PR China
| | - Zhijun Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the PR China, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Mingshu Wang
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the PR China, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Renyong Jia
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the PR China, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Shun Chen
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the PR China, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Mafeng Liu
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the PR China, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Dekang Zhu
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the PR China, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Xinxin Zhao
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the PR China, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Ying Wu
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the PR China, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Qiao Yang
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the PR China, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Juan Huang
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the PR China, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Xumin Ou
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the PR China, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Sai Mao
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the PR China, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Qun Gao
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the PR China, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Di Sun
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the PR China, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Bin Tian
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the PR China, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Anchun Cheng
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the PR China, Chengdu 611130, PR China.
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10
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Luo Y, Chen M, Jiang Y, Wang W, Wang H, Deng L, Zhao Z. Study on the Genome and Mechanism of Tigecycline Resistance of a Clinical Chryseobacterium indologenes Strain. Microb Drug Resist 2023; 29:541-551. [PMID: 37733298 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2023.0129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Chryseobacterium indologenes is a clinically relevant microorganism that has been on the rise, with multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains being reported. C. indologenes carrying tet(X2) has been demonstrated to be resistant to the antibiotic tigecycline, yet, sensitive to all other members of the tetracycline family. This inconsistency in resistance prompts an inquiry into the contribution of tet(X2) to tigecycline resistance in C. indologenes. Materials and Methods: In this study, we report on a comprehensive analysis of the genomic mechanisms underlying tigecycline resistance in a MDR C. indologenes strain (CI3125) that was resistant to tigecycline but sensitive to tetracycline, doxycycline, and minocycline. We used whole-genome sequencing, quantitative reverse transcription PCR, Western blot, antibiotic-degrading tests, and efflux pump inhibiting tests to reveal the mechanism of tigecycline resistance in C. indologenes and elucidate the inconsistency in the antibiotic resistance mechanism for the tetracycline family. Results: Our findings demonstrate that CI3125 carries 60 antibiotic resistance genes distributed on 6 different genetic islands (GIs), with the potential for horizontal transfer. Notably, the tet(X2) gene is located on GI06 of CI3125. Genetic environment analysis of tet(X2) showed that all tet(X2) genes in Flavobacterium and Bacteroides share a conservative and functional ribosome-binding site upstream. Contrary to expectation, our RT-qPCR showed that tet(X2) was not transcribed in CI3125, and Western blot suggested the absence of tet(X2) protein in CI3125. Rather, we demonstrate that minimum inhibitory concentration values for tigecycline decreased two- to eight-folds in the presence of five different efflux pump inhibitors [1-(1-naphthyl- methyl)-piperazine, phenyl-arginine-β-naphthylamide, verapamil, reserpine, and carbonyl cyanide 3-chlorophenylhydrazone]. This finding provides evidence for the involvement of efflux pumps in tigecycline resistance, which is likely to be a universal mechanism among C. indologenes. Our study proposes that the inconsistency in resistance to the tetracycline family in CI3125 may be ascribed to the silence of tet(X2) and the functions of efflux pumps for tigecycline. Conclusions: Overall, our results highlight the importance of genomic approaches in understanding the underlying mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in clinically relevant microorganisms. While tet(X2) in CI3125 is silent, our findings suggest that it may be horizontally spread through GIs. Hence, our findings have significant implications for the management of C. indologenes infections in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Luo
- Department of Parasitology of the Basical Medicine of Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Parasitology of the Basical Medicine of Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Yujie Jiang
- Department of Parasitology of the Basical Medicine of Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Weiqi Wang
- Department of Parasitology of the Basical Medicine of Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Heping Wang
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen City, China
| | - Li Deng
- Department of Parasitology of the Basical Medicine of Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Zuguo Zhao
- Department of Parasitology of the Basical Medicine of Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
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11
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Nara S, Parasher G, Malhotra BD, Rawat M. Novel role of folate (vitamin B9) released by fermenting bacteria under Human Intestine like environment. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20226. [PMID: 37980374 PMCID: PMC10657476 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47243-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The anaerobic region of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract has been replicated in the anaerobic chamber of a microbial fuel cell (MFC). Electroactive biomolecules released by the facultative anaerobes (Providencia rettgeri) under anoxic conditions have been studied for their potential role for redox balance. MALDI study reveals the presence of vitamin B9 (folate), 6-methylpterin, para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) and pteroic acid called pterin pool. ATR-FTIR studies further confirm the presence of the aromatic ring and side chains of folate, 6-methylpterin and PABA groups. The photoluminescence spectra of the pool exhibit the maximum emission at 420, 425, 440, and 445 nm when excited by 310, 325, 350, and 365 nm wavelengths (day 20 sample) highlighting the presence of tunable bands. The cyclic voltammetric studies indicate the active participation of pterin pool molecules in the transfer of electrons with redox potentials at - 0.2 V and - 0.4 V for p-aminobenzoate and pterin groups, respectively. In addition, it is observed that under prolonged conditions of continuous oxidative stress (> 20 days), quinonoid tetrahydrofolate is formed, leading to temporary storage of charge. The results of the present study may potentially be useful in designing effective therapeutic strategies for the management of various GI diseases by promoting or blocking folate receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharda Nara
- Nanobioelectronics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Gulshan Parasher
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Bansi Dhar Malhotra
- Nanobioelectronics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, 110042, India.
- Environmental Sciences & Biomedical Metrology, CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr K.S. Krishnan Road, New Delhi, 110012, India.
| | - Manmeet Rawat
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA.
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, The Penn State University College of Medicine, Penn State University, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA.
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12
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Teng J, Imani S, Zhou A, Zhao Y, Du L, Deng S, Li J, Wang Q. Combatting resistance: Understanding multi-drug resistant pathogens in intensive care units. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115564. [PMID: 37748408 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The escalating misuse and excessive utilization of antibiotics have led to the widespread dissemination of drug-resistant bacteria, posing a significant global healthcare crisis. Of particular concern is the increasing prevalence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) opportunistic pathogens in Intensive Care Units (ICUs), which presents a severe threat to public health and contributes to substantial morbidity and mortality. Among them, MDR ESKAPE pathogens account for the vast majority of these opportunistic pathogens. This comprehensive review provides a meticulous analysis of the current prevalence landscape of MDR opportunistic pathogens in ICUs, especially in ESKAPE pathogens, illuminating their resistance mechanisms against commonly employed first-line antibiotics, including polymyxins, carbapenems, and tigecycline. Furthermore, this review explores innovative strategies aimed at preventing and controlling the emergence and spread of resistance. By emphasizing the urgent need for robust measures to combat nosocomial infections caused by MDR opportunistic pathogens in ICUs, this study serves as an invaluable reference for future investigations in the field of antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianying Teng
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310015, PR China; The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, PR China
| | - Saber Imani
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310015, PR China
| | - Aiping Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 1800 Yuntai Road, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yuheng Zhao
- College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310015, PR China
| | - Lailing Du
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310015, PR China
| | - Shuli Deng
- The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, PR China.
| | - Jun Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, 1225 Zhimin Avenue, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, PR China.
| | - Qingjing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310015, PR China.
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13
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Peng K, Li Y, Wang Q, Yang P, Wang Z, Li R. Integrative conjugative elements mediate the high prevalence of tmexCD3-toprJ1b in Proteus spp. of animal source. mSystems 2023; 8:e0042923. [PMID: 37707055 PMCID: PMC10654056 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00429-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The emergence and spread of tmexCD-toprJ have greatly weakened the function of tigecycline. Although studies have demonstrated the significance of Proteus as carriers for tmexCD-toprJ, the epidemic mechanism and characteristics of tmexCD-toprJ in Proteus remain unclear. Herein, we deciphered that the umuC gene in VRIII of SXT/R391 ICEs was a hotspot for the integration of tmexCD3-toprJ1b-bearing mobile genetic elements by genomic analysis. The mobilization and dissemination of tmexCD3-toprJ1b in Proteus were mediated by highly prevalent ICEs. Furthermore, the co-occurrence of tmexCD3-toprJ1b-bearing ICEs with other chromosomally encoded multidrug resistance gene islands warned that the chromosomes of Proteus are significant reservoirs of ARGs. Overall, our results provide significant insights for the prevention and control of tmexCD3-toprJ1b in Proteus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Peng
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yangfan Li
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiaojun Wang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pengbin Yang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ruichao Li
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
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14
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Gao Y, Du P, Zhang P, Wang J, Liu Z, Fanning S, Wang Z, Li R, Bai L. Dynamic evolution and transmission of a bla NDM-1-bearing fusion plasmid in a clinical Escherichia coli. Microbiol Res 2023; 275:127450. [PMID: 37454426 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Plasmids are the main driving forces for the rapid dissemination of blaNDM-1. In recent years, blaNDM-1-carrying fusion plasmids have been frequently reported. However, the evolutionary patterns of blaNDM-1-carrying fusion plasmids remain largely unknown. Herein, we reported a blaNDM-1-bearing fusion plasmid pZX35-269k possessing IncFII and IncA/C2 replicons from clinical ST349 E. coli 13ZX35. The backbone of pZX35-269k was structurally unstable, which was manifested in different types of structural dissociation during conjugation and passage, thereby forming various daughter plasmids. Moreover, the same events were observed in the clinical setting as well. We found that pZX35-269k exhibited highly identical to two plasmids (pZX30-70k and pZX30-192k) in 13ZX30, both of which were isolated from the same hospital. Sequence analysis highlighted that two plasmids in 13ZX30 evolved from pZX35-269k through homologous recombination of a 4856-bp fragment. Collectively, this study confirmed the transmission and structural evolution of a blaNDM-1-bearing fusion plasmid in both laboratory and clinical settings, and provided clear evidence of plasmid spread and evolution in clinical settings. Such versatile plasmids may represent a potential risk for the public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyun Gao
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengcheng Du
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Zhang
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Food Safety Research Unit (2019RU014) of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, 22, Yangling 712100 Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyi Liu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Séamus Fanning
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Food Safety Research Unit (2019RU014) of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, People's Republic of China; UCD-Centre for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin D04 N2E5, Ireland
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruichao Li
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Li Bai
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Food Safety Research Unit (2019RU014) of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Ozawa M, Shirakawa T, Moriya K, Furuya Y, Kawanishi M, Makita K, Sekiguchi H. Role of Plasmids in Co-Selection of Antimicrobial Resistances Among Escherichia coli Isolated from Pigs. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2023; 20:435-441. [PMID: 37540099 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2023.0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Co-selection is thought to occur when resistance genes are located on the same mobile genetic element. However, this mechanism is currently poorly understood. In this study, complete circular plasmids from swine-derived Escherichia coli were sequenced with short and long reads to confirm that resistance genes involved in co-resistance were co-transferred by the same plasmid. Conjugative transfer tests were performed, and multiple resistance genes were transmitted. The genes possessed by the donor, transconjugant, and plasmid of the donor were highly similar. In addition, the sequences of the plasmid of the donor and the plasmid of the transconjugant were almost identical. Resistance genes associated with statistically significant combinations of antimicrobial use and resistance were co-transmitted by the same plasmid. These results suggest that resistance genes may be involved in co-selection by their transfer between bacteria on the same plasmid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manao Ozawa
- Assay Division II, National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Shirakawa
- Assay Division II, National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Konomi Moriya
- Assay Division II, National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukari Furuya
- Assay Division II, National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michiko Kawanishi
- Assay Division II, National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kohei Makita
- Veterinary Epidemiology Unit, Division of Health and Environmental Sciences, Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakino Gakuen University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hideto Sekiguchi
- Assay Division II, National Veterinary Assay Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Tokyo, Japan
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16
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Zhu S, Yang B, Jia Y, Yu F, Wang Z, Liu Y. Comprehensive analysis of disinfectants on the horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 453:131428. [PMID: 37094448 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The propagation of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is constantly paralyzing our healthcare systems. In addition to the pressure of antibiotic selection, the roles of non-antibiotic compounds in disseminating antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are a matter of great concerns. This study aimed to explore the impact of different disinfectants on the horizontal transfer of ARGs and their underlying mechanisms. First, the effects of different kinds of disinfectants on the conjugative transfer of RP4-7 plasmid were evaluated. Results showed that quaternary ammonium salt, organic halogen, alcohol and guanidine disinfectants significantly facilitated the conjugative transfer. Conversely, heavy-metals, peroxides and phenols otherwise displayed an inhibitory effect. Furthermore, we deciphered the mechanism by which guanidine disinfectants promoted conjugation, which includes increased cell membrane permeability, over-production of ROS, enhanced SOS response, and altered expression of conjugative transfer-related genes. More critically, we also revealed that guanidine disinfectants promoted bacterial energy metabolism by enhancing the activity of electron transport chain (ETC) and proton force motive (PMF), thus promoting ATP synthesis and flagellum motility. Overall, our findings reveal the promotive effects of disinfectants on the transmission of ARGs and highlight the potential risks caused by the massive use of guanidine disinfectants, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyao Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bingqing Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuqian Jia
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feiyu Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yuan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China; Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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17
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Chen T, Zhao MX, Tang XY, Wei WX, Wen X, Zhou SZ, Ma BH, Zou YD, Zhang N, Mi JD, Wang Y, Liao XD, Wu YB. The tigecycline resistance gene tetX has an expensive fitness cost based on increased outer membrane permeability and metabolic burden in Escherichia coli. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 458:131889. [PMID: 37348375 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Livestock-derived tetX-positive Escherichia coli with tigecycline resistance poses a serious risk to public health. Fitness costs, antibiotic residues, and other tetracycline resistance genes (TRGs) are fundamental in determining the spread of tetX in the environment, but there is a lack of relevant studies. The results of this study showed that both tetO and tetX resulted in reduction in growth and an increased in the metabolic burden of E. coli, but the presence of doxycycline reversed this phenomenon. Moreover, the protection of E. coli growth and metabolism by tetO was superior to that of tetX in the presence of doxycycline, resulting in a much lower competitiveness of tetX-carrying E. coli than tetO-carrying E. coli. The results of RNA-seq showed that the increase in outer membrane proteins (ompC, ompF and ompT) of tetX-carrying E. coli resulted in increased membrane permeability and biofilm formation, which is an important reason for fitness costs. Overall, the increased membrane permeability and metabolic burden of E. coli is the mechanistic basis for the high fitness cost of tetX, and the spread of tetO may limit the spread of tetX. This study provides new insights into the rational use of tetracycline antibiotics to control the spread of tetX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Min-Xing Zhao
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiao-Yue Tang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wen-Xiao Wei
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xin Wen
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shi-Zheng Zhou
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Bao-Hua Ma
- Foshan Customs Comprehensive Technology Center, Foshan 528200, China
| | - Yong-De Zou
- Foshan Customs Comprehensive Technology Center, Foshan 528200, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Foshan Customs Comprehensive Technology Center, Foshan 528200, China
| | - Jian-Dui Mi
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming 525000, China; National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xin-Di Liao
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming 525000, China; National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yin-Bao Wu
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming 525000, China; National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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18
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Cai J, Deng T, Shi J, Chen C, Wang Z, Liu Y. Daunorubicin resensitizes Gram-negative superbugs to the last-line antibiotics and prevents the transmission of antibiotic resistance. iScience 2023; 26:106809. [PMID: 37235051 PMCID: PMC10206174 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Although meropenem, colistin, and tigecycline are recognized as the last-line antibiotics for multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (MDR-GN), the emergence of mobile resistance genes such as blaNDM, mcr, and tet(X) severely compromises their clinical effectiveness. Developing novel antibiotic adjuvants to restore the effectiveness of existing antibiotics provides a feasible approach to address this issue. Herein, we discover that a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug daunorubicin (DNR) drastically potentiates the activity of last-resort antibiotics against MDR-GN pathogens and biofilm-producing bacteria. Furthermore, DNR effectively inhibits the evolution and spread of colistin and tigecycline resistance. Mechanistically, DNR and colistin combination exacerbates membrane disruption, induces DNA damage and the massive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), ultimately leading to bacterial cell death. Importantly, DNR restores the effectiveness of colistin in Galleria mellonella and murine models of infection. Collectively, our findings provide a potential drug combination strategy for treating severe infections elicited by Gram-negative superbugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinju Cai
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Tian Deng
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jingru Shi
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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19
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Lu X, Zhang P, Du P, Zhang X, Wang J, Yang Y, Sun H, Wang Z, Cui S, Li R, Bai L. Prevalence and Genomic Characteristics of mcr-Positive Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Humans, Pigs, and Foods in China. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0456922. [PMID: 37042751 PMCID: PMC10269804 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04569-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Colistin is one of the last-resort antibiotics for treating infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria. However, mcr genes conferring resistance to colistin have been widely identified, which is considered a global threat to public health. Here, we investigated the prevalence and characteristics of mcr-harboring Escherichia coli strains isolated from humans, animals, and foods in China by PCR, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, conjugation experiments, molecular typing, genome sequencing, and bioinformatics analysis. In total, 135 mcr-1-harboring E. coli isolates were acquired from 847 samples, and 6 isolates carried mcr-3. Among them, 131 isolates were MDR bacteria. Sixty-five resistance genes conferring resistance to multiple antimicrobials were identified in 135 isolates. The diverse pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns and sequence types (STs) of mcr-1-carrying isolates demonstrated that clonal dissemination was not the dominant mode of mcr-1 transmission. Seven types of plasmids were able to carry mcr-1 in this study, including IncI2, IncX4, IncHI2, p0111, IncY, and two hybrid plasmids. The genetic structures carrying mcr-1 of 60 isolates were successfully transferred into the recipient, including 25 IncI2 plasmids, 23 IncX4 plasmids, and an IncHI2 plasmid. mcr-1-pap2 was the dominant mcr-1-bearing structure, followed by ISApl1-mcr-1-pap2-ISApl1 (Tn6330) and ISApl1-mcr-1-pap2, among 7 mcr-1-bearing structures of 135 isolates. In conclusion, IncI2, IncX4, and IncHI2 plasmids were the major vectors spreading mcr-1 from different geographical locations and sources. The prevalence of Tn6330 may accelerate the transmission of mcr-1. Continuous surveillance of mcr-1 and variants in bacteria is vital for evaluating the public health risk posed by mcr genes. IMPORTANCE The spread of polymyxin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae poses a significant threat to public health and challenges the therapeutic options for treating infections on a global level. In this study, mcr-1-bearing ST10 E. coli was isolated from pigs, pork, and humans simultaneously, which demonstrated that ST10 E. coli was an important vehicle for the spread of mcr-1 among animals, foods, and humans. The high prevalence of mcr-1-positive E. coli strains in pigs and pork and the horizontal transmission of mcr-1-bearing plasmids in diverse E. coli strains suggest that pigs and pork are important sources of mcr-1-positive strains in humans and pose a potential threat to public health. Additional research on the prevalence and characteristics of mcr-1-positive E. coli is still required to facilitate early warning to improve polymyxin management in hospitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Lu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Pengcheng Du
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Juan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yingying Yang
- Department of Neurology, Gaotang County People's Hospital, Gaotang, Shandong, China
| | - Honghu Sun
- Chengdu Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shenghui Cui
- Department of Food Science, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Ruichao Li
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Bai
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
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20
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Dai S, He Q, Han Z, Shen W, Deng Y, Wang Y, Qiao W, Yang M, Zhang Y. Uncovering the diverse hosts of tigecycline resistance gene tet(X4) in anaerobic digestion systems treating swine manure by epicPCR. WATER RESEARCH X 2023; 19:100174. [PMID: 36915394 PMCID: PMC10006855 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2023.100174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The tet(X4) gene is a clinically important tigecycline resistance gene and has shown high persistence in livestock-related environments. However, the bacterial hosts of tet(X4) remain unknown due to the lack of appropriate approaches. Herein, a culture-independent and high-throughput epicPCR (emulsion, paired isolation, and concatenation polymerase chain reaction) method was developed, optimized, and demonstrated for the identification of bacterial hosts carrying tet(X4) from environmental samples. Considering the high sequence similarity between tet(X4) and other tet(X)-variant genes, specific primers and amplification conditions were screened and optimized to identify tet(X4) accurately and link tet(X4) with the 16S rRNA gene, which were further validated using artificially constructed bacterial communities. The epicPCR targeting tet(X4) was applied for the identification of bacterial hosts carrying this resistance gene in anaerobic digestion systems treating swine manure. A total of 19 genera were identified as tet(X4) hosts, which were distributed in the phyla Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, Firmicutes, and Caldatribacteriota. Sixteen genera and two phyla that were identified have not been previously reported as tet(X4) bacterial hosts. The results indicated that a far more diverse range of bacteria was involved in harboring tet(X4) than previously realized. Compared with the tet(X4) hosts determined by correlation-based network analysis and metagenomic binning, epicPCR revealed a high diversity of tet(X4) hosts even at the phylum level. The epicPCR method developed in this study could be effectively employed to reveal the presence of tet(X4) bacterial hosts from a holistic viewpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiting Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qing He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ziming Han
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenli Shen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Ye Deng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wei Qiao
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Min Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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21
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First detection of tet(X4)-positive Enterobacterales in retail vegetables and clonal spread of Escherichia coli ST195 producing Tet(X4) in animals, foods, and humans across China and Thailand. Int J Food Microbiol 2023; 391-393:110145. [PMID: 36841076 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2023.110145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
The mobile tigecycline-resistant gene tet(X4), which confers resistance to all tetracyclines, has been identified in bacterial isolates from various sources. However, there are no reports on the occurrence of tet(X4) in bacterial isolates of ready-to-eat fresh vegetables. In this study, 113 vegetable samples from farmers' markets were screened for tigecycline-resistant strains. Ten Escherichia coli (two ST195, two ST48, and one ST10, ST58, ST88, ST394, ST641, and ST101) and one Klebsiella pneumoniae (ST327) recovered from nine vegetable samples (7.96 %) were identified as carrying tet(X4). The core genome sequences of the two E. coli ST195 isolates showed a close relationship (14-41 single-nucleotide polymorphisms) with 31 tet(X4)-bearing E. coli ST195 isolates from humans, pigs, pork, and bird in China and Thailand, and the 33 E. coli ST195 isolates producing Tet(X4) shared similar resistance genes and plasmid replicons. Nanopore sequencing and conjugation experiments confirmed that the tet(X4) genes were located on the hybrid plasmids IncFIA-HI1A-HI1B (n = 6), IncX1 (n = 3), and IncFII2 (n = 1) in E. coli, and IncFII plasmid in K. pneumoniae. IncFIA-HI1A-HI1B and IncX1 plasmids shared highly similar structures with plasmids from various sources in the GenBank database. This is the first study to report the observation of tet(X4)-positive bacteria in retail vegetables. The epidemic clones and plasmids contribute to tet(X4) dissemination in vegetables. The clonal spread of Tet(X4)-producing E. coli ST195 across multiple niches and countries could pose a potential threat to public health.
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22
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Ma J, Wang J, Yang H, Su M, Li R, Bai L, Feng J, Huang Y, Yang Z, Tang B. IncHI1 plasmids mediated the tet(X4) gene spread in Enterobacteriaceae in porcine. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1128905. [PMID: 37065147 PMCID: PMC10098456 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1128905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The tigecycline resistance gene tet(X4) was widespread in various bacteria. However, limited information about the plasmid harboring the tet(X4) gene spread among the different species is available. Here, we investigated the transmission mechanisms of the tet(X4) gene spread among bacteria in a pig farm. The tet(X4) positive Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae and Enterobacter hormaeche were identified in the same farm. The whole genome sequencing (WGS) analysis showed that the K. pneumoniae belonged to ST727 (n = 11) and ST3830 (n = 1), E. cloacae and E. hormaeche belonged to ST524 (n = 1) and ST1862 (n = 1). All tet(X4) genes were located on the IncHI1 plasmids that could be conjugatively transferred into the recipient E. coli C600 at 30°C. Moreover, a fusion plasmid was identified that the IncHI1 plasmid recombined with the IncN plasmid mediated by ISCR2 during the conjugation from strains B12L to C600 (pB12L-EC-1). The fusion plasmid also has been discovered in a K. pneumoniae (K1L) that could provide more opportunities to spread antimicrobial resistance genes. The tet(X4) plasmids in these bacteria are derived from the same plasmid with a similar structure. Moreover, all the IncHI1 plasmids harboring the tet(X4) gene in GenBank belonged to the pST17, the newly defined pMLST. The antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by broth microdilution method showing the transconjugants acquired the most antimicrobial resistance from the donor strains. Taken together, this report provides evidence that IncHI1/pST17 is an important carrier for the tet(X4) spread in Enterobacteriaceae species, and these transmission mechanisms may perform in the environment.
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He T, Li J, Gong L, Wang Y, Li R, Ji X, Luan F, Tang M, Zhu L, Wei R, Wang R. Comprehensive Analysis of Antimicrobial, Heavy Metal, and Pesticide Residues in Commercial Organic Fertilizers and Their Correlation with Tigecycline-Resistant tet(X)-Variant Genes. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0425122. [PMID: 36916994 PMCID: PMC10100909 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04251-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
With the issue of the antimicrobial additive ban in feed in Chinese animal husbandry, it is important to determine the potential drivers of the spread of the newly discovered tigecycline-resistant tet(X)-variant genes. Here, we investigated the correlations between residues of heavy metals, antimicrobials, and pesticides and the relative abundance of tet(X)-variant genes in 94 commercial organic-fertilizer samples collected from 9 Chinese provinces. A total of 5 heavy metals (mercury, lead, arsenic, chromium, and cadmium), 10 antimicrobials, and 18 pesticides were detected. The tet(X)-variant genes, including tet(X)/(X2), tet(X3), tet(X4), tet(X5), and tet(X6) were detected in 39 (41.5%) samples. Although tet(X)-variant-carrying bacteria were not isolated from these samples, the tet(X4)-carrying plasmids could be captured by exogenous Escherichia coli. Correlation analysis revealed that heavy metals, other than antimicrobials, showed a significant positive association with the relative abundance of the tet(X)-variant genes, especially tet(X3) and tet(X4) (R = 0.346 to 0.389, P < 0.001). The correlation was attributed to the coselection of the tet(X3)/tet(X4) gene on the same plasmid and the conjugation-promoting effect of tet(X3)/tet(X4)-carrying plasmids by subinhibitory concentrations of heavy metals. The heavy metals increased the permeability of the bacterial outer membrane and upregulated the transcription of type IV secretion system (T4SS)-encoding genes on tet(X)-variant-carrying plasmids, therefore enhancing the bacterial conjugation rates. Taken together, our findings have indicated that heavy metals may play an important role in spreading tet(X)-variant genes within the animal manure-related environment. IMPORTANCE An antimicrobial resistance gene (ARG) is considered a novel contaminant for the environment. Most animal feces are usually made into commercial organic fertilizers in China and will pose a threat to the farmland soil and agricultural product if fertilizers harboring clinically significant antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) genes are applied on farmland. This study has indicated that heavy metals may play an important role in the transmission of transferable tigecycline resistance genes [tet(X3) and tet(X4)]. The mechanism was that heavy metals posed a coselection effect of the tet(X3)/tet(X4) gene on the same plasmid and could increase the conjugation ability of tet(X3)/tet(X4)-carrying plasmids. The conjugation-promoting concentrations of heavy metals are lower than the maximal limits defined in the national standard for fertilizers, indicating a high transmission risk of tet(X3)/tet(X4) genes within the animal manure-related environment. The findings in this study will provide scientific evidence for the future development of effective measures to reduce AMR dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety—State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety—State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Lan Gong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety—State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruichao Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xing Ji
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety—State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Fengting Luan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety—State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Minmin Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety—State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety—State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruicheng Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety—State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety—State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
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Jiang L, Zhu H, Wei J, Jiang L, Li Y, Li R, Wang Z, Wang M. Enterobacteriaceae genome-wide analysis reveals roles for P1-like phage-plasmids in transmission of mcr-1, tetX4 and other antibiotic resistance genes. Genomics 2023; 115:110572. [PMID: 36746220 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2023.110572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
P1 -like phage-plasmids (PPs) are important gene vehicles in isolated pathogens. In this study, we conducted genome-wide and cross-species analysis of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) from 35 ARG-positive P1-like PPs. LS-BSR analysis reveal that P1-like PPs had in common 7 highly variable regions and carried 48 different ARG subtypes. The most prevalent gene groups were the colistin resistance gene mcr-1 and a class 1 integron. Analysis of the flanking sequences of mcr-1 indicated an "IS30-mcr-1-ORF-IS30" as the core cluster. In particular, we found an mcr-1- and blaCTX-M-55-coharboring large fusion P1-like PP. Also, tet(X4) was detected and flanking sequences indicated tet(X4)-bearing cluster can formed a larger size fusion plasmid mediated a wider spread via IS26 hotspots. Overall, this study demonstrated that P1-like PPs can not only mobilize a large number of ARGs in variable regions but also form larger hybrid P1-like PPs that would increase their ability to spread antimicrobial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China; Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD), Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Heng Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China; Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD), Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jingyi Wei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China; Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD), Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China; Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD), Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China; Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD), Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Ruichao Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China; Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD), Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China; Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD), Yangzhou 225009, China; International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China.
| | - Mianzhi Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China; Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD), Yangzhou 225009, China.
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25
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Yang Y, He R, Wu Y, Qin M, Chen J, Feng Y, Zhao R, Xu L, Guo X, Tian GB, Dai M, Yan B, Qin LN. Characterization of two multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae harboring tigecycline-resistant gene tet(X4) in China. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1130708. [PMID: 37180274 PMCID: PMC10171367 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1130708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Tigecycline is recognized as one of the last-line antibiotics to treat serious bacterial infection caused by carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP). The plasmid-borne gene tet(X4) mediates high resistance to tigecycline. However, the prevalence and genetic context of tet(X4) in K. pneumoniae from various sources are not fully understood. Here, we investigated the prevalence of tet(X4)-positive K. pneumoniae and characterized the genetic context of tet(X4)-bearing plasmids in K. pneumoniae isolates. Methods Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the tet(X4) gene. The transferability of the tet(X4)-carrying plasmids was tested by conjugation assays. The Galleria mellonella infection model was used to test virulence of tet(X4)-positive strains. Whole-genome sequencing and genome-wide analysis were performed to identify the antimicrobial resistance and the virulence genes, and to clarify the genetic characteristics of the tet(X4)-positive isolates. Results Among 921 samples, we identified two tet(X4)-positive K. pneumoniae strains collected from nasal swabs of two pigs (0.22%, 2/921). The two tet(X4)-positive isolates exhibited high minimum inhibitory concentrations to tigecycline (32-256 mg/L) and tetracycline (256 mg/L). The plasmids carrying the tet(X4) gene can transfer from the donor strain K. pneumoniae to the recipient strain Escherichia coli J53. Genetic analysis of the complete sequence of two tet(X4)-carrying plasmids pTKPN_3-186k-tetX4 and pTKPN_8-216k-tetX4 disclosed that the tet(X4) gene was flanked by delta ISCR2 and IS1R, which may mediate the transmission of the tet(X4) gene. Conclusion The prevalence of tet(X4)-positive K. pneumoniae among different sources was low. ISCR2 and IS1R may contribute to the horizontal transfer of tet(X4) gene. Effective measures should be taken to prevent the transmission of tet(X4)-producing K. pneumoniae in humans or animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxian Yang
- Program in Pathobiology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruowen He
- Program in Pathobiology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiping Wu
- Program in Pathobiology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingyang Qin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jieyun Chen
- Program in Pathobiology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Feng
- Program in Pathobiology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Runping Zhao
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Xu
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Xilong Guo
- Program in Pathobiology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guo-Bao Tian
- Program in Pathobiology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Dai
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
- Min Dai,
| | - Bin Yan
- Program in Pathobiology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Neonatal Surgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
- Bin Yan,
| | - Li-Na Qin
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Li-Na Qin,
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Li Y, Li Y, Bu K, Wang M, Wang Z, Li R. Antimicrobial Resistance and Genomic Epidemiology of tet(X4)-Bearing Bacteria of Pork Origin in Jiangsu, China. Genes (Basel) 2022; 14:36. [PMID: 36672777 PMCID: PMC9858217 DOI: 10.3390/genes14010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of tigecycline-resistant bacteria in agri-food chains poses a public health concern. Recently, plasmid-mediated tet(X4) was found to be resistant to tigecycline. However, genome differences between tet(X4)-positive Escherichia coli of human and pork origins are still under-investigated. In this study, 53 pork samples were collected from markets in Jiangsu, China, and 23 tet(X4)-positive isolates were identified and shown to confer resistance to multiple antibiotics, including tigecycline. tet(X4)-positive isolates were mainly distributed in E. coli (n = 22), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 1). More than half of the tet(X4) genes were able to be successfully transferred into E. coli C600. We downloaded all tet(X4)-positive E. coli isolates from humans and pork found in China from the NCBI database. A total of 42 known STs were identified, of which ST10 was the dominant ST. The number of ARGs and plasmid replicons carried by E. coli of human origin were not significantly different from those carried by E. coli of pork origin. However, the numbers of insertion sequences and virulence genes carried by E. coli of human origin were significantly higher than those carried by E. coli of pork origin. In addition to E. coli, we analyzed all 23 tet(X4)-positive K. pneumoniae strains currently reported. We found that these tet(X4)-positive K. pneumoniae were mainly distributed in China and had no dominant STs. This study systematically investigated the tet(X4)-positive isolates, emphasizing the importance of the continuous surveillance of tet(X4) in pork.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Li
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yan Li
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Kefan Bu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Mianzhi Wang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Ruichao Li
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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Liu Z, Zhang H, Xiao X, Liu Y, Li R, Wang Z. Comparison of Fitness Cost, Stability, and Conjugation Frequencies of tet(X4)-Positive Plasmids in Chicken and Pig Escherichia coli. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:1657. [PMID: 36421301 PMCID: PMC9686944 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11111657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The large-scale epidemic of the tet(X4) gene in the livestock and poultry industry is threatening public health; however, there is still a lack of comparative studies on tet(X4)-bearing plasmids in chicken and pig Escherichia coli. To evaluate the prevalence trend of tet(X4)-bearing plasmids and the factors influencing their persistence in the livestock and poultry industry, we examined the fitness cost, stability under tetracyclines pressure, and conjugation frequencies at various temperatures of six tet(X4)-bearing plasmids in four representative pig E. coli isolates and chicken E. coli isolates. Compared with pig E. coli, the plasmid in chicken E. coli showed lower fitness cost, and stronger ability to promote bacterial biofilm formation and motility. Meanwhile, the presence of tetracycline may favor the stability of tet(X4)-bearing plasmids, which was more common in chicken E. coli. Furthermore, the optimal temperature for IncX1 tet(X4)-bearing plasmid conjugation was 42 °C, and its conjugation frequency in chicken E. coli was higher than that in pig E. coli, whereas the optimal temperature for IncFII tet(X4)-bearing plasmid conjugation was 37 °C and it performed better in pig E. coli, suggesting the predominant plasmid types circulating in chicken E. coli and pig E. coli may be distinct. Collectively, although tet(X4) currently appears to be more prevalent in pig E. coli, this is probably independent of the fitness cost caused by tet(X4)-plasmids. To curb the future spread of the tet(X4) gene, reduced tetracyclines usage and tailored interventions should be applied in different breeding industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Huiru Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xia Xiao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Ruichao Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
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28
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Chen T, Zhao M, Tang X, Wang W, Zhang M, Tang J, Wang W, Wei W, Ma B, Zou Y, Zhang N, Mi J, Wang Y, Liao X, Wu Y. Serious Risk of Tigecycline Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolated from Swine Manure. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2022:10.1007/s00248-022-02133-2. [PMID: 36326874 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-022-02133-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of the plasmid-mediated tigecycline resistance gene tetX family in pig farms has attracted worldwide attention. The use of tetracycline antibiotics in pig farms has a facilitating effect on the prevalence of the tetX family, but the relationship among its presence, expression, and resistance phenotype in resistant bacteria is unknown. In this study, the presence and expression characteristics of tetracycline resistance genes (TRGs) in 89 strains of doxycycline-resistant E. coli (DRE) isolated from pig manure samples from 20 pig farms under low concentrations of doxycycline stress (2 μg/mL) were analyzed. The detection rate of tetO was 96.63%, which is higher than those of other TRGs, such as tetA (94.38%), tetX (76.40%), tetB (73.03%), and tet(X4) (69.66%). At least three TRG types were present in DRE strains, which thus showed extensive resistance to tetracycline antibiotics, and 37% of these strains were resistant to tigecycline. In the presence of a low concentration of doxycycline, tetA played an important role, and the expression and existence ratio of TRGs indicated low expression of TRGs. Furthermore, the doxycycline resistance of DRE was jointly determined by the total absolute abundance of TRGs, and the absolute abundance of tetX and tet(X4) was significantly positively associated with tigecycline resistance in DRE (P < 0.05). Overall, DRE isolated from swine manure is an important reservoir of the tetX family, which suggests that DRE in swine manure has a high risk of tigecycline resistance, poses a potential threat to human health, and should be of public concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Minxing Zhao
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xiaoyue Tang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Wenqiang Wang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jing Tang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Wenxiao Wei
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Baohua Ma
- Foshan Customs Comprehensive Technology Center, 528200, Foshan, China
| | - Yongde Zou
- Foshan Customs Comprehensive Technology Center, 528200, Foshan, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Foshan Customs Comprehensive Technology Center, 528200, Foshan, China
| | - Jiandui Mi
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong, 525000, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Harmless Treatment and Resource Utilization of Livestock Waste, Yunfu, Xinxing, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Tropical Agricultural Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong, 525000, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Harmless Treatment and Resource Utilization of Livestock Waste, Yunfu, Xinxing, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Tropical Agricultural Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xindi Liao
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong, 525000, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Harmless Treatment and Resource Utilization of Livestock Waste, Yunfu, Xinxing, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Tropical Agricultural Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yinbao Wu
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong, 525000, China.
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Harmless Treatment and Resource Utilization of Livestock Waste, Yunfu, Xinxing, China.
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Tropical Agricultural Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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29
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Dai S, Liu D, Han Z, Wang Y, Lu X, Yang M, Zhang Y. Mobile tigecycline resistance gene tet(X4) persists with different animal manure composting treatments and fertilizer receiving soils. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:135866. [PMID: 35952780 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of plasmid-mediated tigecycline-resistant genes [tet(X3)to tet(X6)] in animals and humans has raised serious concerns over their possible cross-environmental dissemination. However, behavior of these emerging mobile tet(X)-variant genes in manure treatment processes, particularly for different composting treatments, has not yet been studied. Here, we explored the environmental behavior of mobile tet(X)-variant genes in two typical manure composting treatments and amended soils based on a large-scale molecular investigation across eight provinces in China. Results showed that tet(X4) was the predominant mobile tet(X)-variant gene in fresh manure, natural and thermophilic composting products with both the highest detection frequency (82.5% ± 14.7%), and absolute abundance of tet(X4)[4.26 ± 0.09) × 1010] copies/g dry weight, followed by tet(X3), tet(X6), and tet(X5). The occurrence of all mobile tet(X)-variant genes, particularly tet(X4), in receiving soil following composting fertilizer application indicated their transmission from manure to soil. Paired-sampling strategy revealed no significant reduction in mobile tet(X)-variant genes by natural composting, while thermophilic composting exhibited clear efficacy in removing tet(X)-variant genes. After thermophilic composting, tet(X4) exhibited the lowest reduction (94.1%) compared with other mobile tet(X)-variant genes (96.9%-99.9%), which may be attributable to its significant correlation with ISCR2 (P < 0.05) facilitating its transfer to various hosts including persisted thermotolerant bacteria. Thus, tet(X4) showed better persistence in livestock-related environments. Collectively, this study highlights the importance of controlling the environmental dissemination of clinically relevant mobile tet(X)-variant genes by establishing a sound process and operational strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiting Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Dejun Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ziming Han
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaofei Lu
- Beijing Zhongnong Tuba Biotechnology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Min Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Wang Q, Lei C, Cheng H, Yang X, Huang Z, Chen X, Ju Z, Zhang H, Wang H. Widespread Dissemination of Plasmid-Mediated Tigecycline Resistance Gene tet(X4) in Enterobacterales of Porcine Origin. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0161522. [PMID: 36125305 PMCID: PMC9602804 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01615-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of the plasmid-mediated high levels of the tigecycline resistance gene has drawn worldwide attention and has posed a major threat to public health. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of the tet(X4)-positive Enterobacterales isolates collected from a pig slaughterhouse and farms. A total of 101 tigecycline resistance strains were isolated from 353 samples via a medium with tigecycline, of which 33 carried tet(X4) (9.35%, 33/353) and 2 carried tet(X6) (0.57%, 2/353). These strains belong to seven different species, with Escherichia coli being the main host bacteria. Importantly, this report is the first one to demonstrate that tet(X4) was observed in Morganella morganii. Whole-genome sequencing results revealed that tet(X4)-positive bacteria can coexist with other resistance genes, such as blaNDM-1 and cfr. Additionally, we were the first to report that tet(X4) and blaNDM-1 coexist in a Klebsiella quasipneumoniae strain. The phylogenetic tree of 533 tet(X4)-positive E. coli strains was constructed using 509 strains from the NCBI genome assembly database and 24 strains from this study, which arose from 8 sources and belonged to 135 sequence types (STs) worldwide. We used Nanopore sequencing to interpret the selected 21 nonclonal and representative strains and observed that 19 tet(X4)-harboring plasmids were classified into 8 replicon types, and 2 tet(X6) genes were located on integrating conjugative elements. A total of 68.42% of plasmids carrying tet(X4) were transferred successfully with a conjugation frequency of 10-2 to 10-7. These findings highlight that diverse plasmids drive the widespread dissemination of the tigecycline resistance gene tet(X4) in Enterobacterales of porcine origin. IMPORTANCE Tigecycline is considered to be the last resort of defense against diseases caused by broad-spectrum resistant Gram-negative bacteria. In this study, we systematically analyzed the prevalence and genetic environments of the resistance gene tet(X4) in a pig slaughterhouse and farms and the evolutionary relationship of 533 tet(X4)-positive Escherichia coli strains, including 509 tet(X4)-positive E. coli strains selected from the 27,802 assembled genomes of E. coli from the NCBI between 2002 and 2022. The drug resistance of tigecycline is widely prevalent in pig farms where tetracycline is used as a veterinary drug. This prevalence suggests that pigs are a large reservoir of tet(X4) and that tet(X4) can spread horizontally through the food chain via mobile genetic elements. Furthermore, tetracycline resistance may drive tigecycline resistance through some mechanisms. Therefore, it is important to monitor tigecycline resistance, develop effective control measures, and focus on tetracycline use in the pig farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China
- Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Changwei Lei
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China
- Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hansen Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China
- Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zheren Huang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China
- Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China
- Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zijing Ju
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China
- Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haoyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China
- Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongning Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China
- Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
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A Trade-Off for Maintenance of Multidrug-Resistant IncHI2 Plasmids in Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium through Adaptive Evolution. mSystems 2022; 7:e0024822. [PMID: 36040022 PMCID: PMC9599605 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00248-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the fitness costs associated with plasmid carriage is a key to better understanding the mechanisms of plasmid maintenance in bacteria. In the current work, we performed multiple serial passages (63 days, 627.8 generations) to identify the compensatory mechanisms that Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium ATCC 14028 utilized to maintain the multidrug-resistant (MDR) IncHI2 plasmid pJXP9 in the presence and absence of antibiotic selection. The plasmid pJXP9 was maintained for hundreds of generations even without drug exposure. Endpoint evolved (the endpoint of evolution) S. Typhimurium bearing evolved plasmids displayed decreased growth lag times and a competitive advantage over ancestral pJXP9 plasmid-carrying ATCC 14028 strains. Genomic and transcriptomic analyses revealed that the fitness costs of carrying pJXP9 were derived from both specific plasmid genes and particularly the MDR regions and conjugation transfer region I and conflicts resulting from chromosome-plasmid gene interactions. Correspondingly, plasmid deletions of these regions could compensate for the fitness cost that was due to the plasmid carriage. The deletion extent and range of large fragments on the evolved plasmids, as well as the trajectory of deletion mutation, were related to the antibiotic treatment conditions. Furthermore, it is also adaptive evolution that chromosomal gene mutations and altered mRNA expression correlated with changed physiological functions of the bacterium, such as decreased flagellar motility, increased oxidative stress, and fumaric acid synthesis but increased Cu resistance in a given niche. Our findings indicated that plasmid maintenance evolves via a plasmid-bacterium adaptative evolutionary process that is a trade-off between vertical and horizontal transmission costs along with associated alterations in host bacterial physiology. IMPORTANCE The current idea that compensatory evolution processes can account for the "plasmid paradox" phenomenon associated with the maintenance of large costly plasmids in host bacteria has attracted much attention. Although many compensatory mutations have been discovered through various plasmid-host bacterial evolution experiments, the basis of the compensatory mechanisms and the nature of the bacteria themselves to address the fitness costs remain unclear. In addition, the genetic backgrounds of plasmids and strains involved in previous research were limited and clinical drug resistance such as the poorly understood compensatory evolution among clinically dominant multidrug-resistant plasmids or clones was rarely considered. The IncHI2 plasmid is widely distributed in Salmonella Typhimurium and plays an important role in the emergence and rapid spread of its multidrug resistance. In this study, the predominant multidrug-resistant IncHI2 plasmid pJXP9 and the standard Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC 14028 bacteria were used for evolution experiments under laboratory conditions. Our findings indicated that plasmid maintenance through experimental evolution of plasmid-host bacteria is a trade-off between increasing plasmid vertical transmission and impairing its horizontal transmission and bacterial physiological phenotypes, in which compensatory mutations and altered chromosomal expression profiles collectively contribute to alleviating plasmid-borne fitness cost. These results provided potential insights into understanding the relationship of coexistence between plasmids encoding antibiotic resistance and their bacterial hosts and provided a clue to the adaptive forces that shaped the evolution of these plasmids within bacteria and to predicting the evolution trajectory of antibiotic resistance.
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Wang M, Jiang L, Wei J, Zhu H, Zhang J, Liu Z, Zhang W, He X, Liu Y, Li R, Xiao X, Sun Y, Zeng Z, Wang Z. Similarities of P1-Like Phage Plasmids and Their Role in the Dissemination of blaCTX-M-55. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0141022. [PMID: 36069562 PMCID: PMC9603915 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01410-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The P1-like phage plasmid (PP) has been widely used as a molecular biology tool, but its role as an active accessory cargo element is not fully understood. In this study, we provide insights into the structural features and gene content similarities of 77 P1-like PPs in the RefSeq database. We also describe a P1-like PP carrying a blaCTX-M-55 gene, JL22, which was isolated from a clinical strain of Escherichia coli from a duck farm. P1-like PPs were very similar and conserved based on gene content similarities, with only eight highly variable regions. Importantly, two kinds of replicon types, namely, IncY and p0111, were identified and can be used to specifically identify the P1-like phage. JL22 is similar to P1, acquiring an important foreign DNA fragment with two obvious features, namely, the plasmid replication gene repA' (p0111) replacing the gene repA (IncY) and a 4,200-bp fragment mobilized by IS1380 and IS5 and containing a blaCTX-M-55 gene and a trpB gene encoding tryptophan synthase (indole salvaging). The JL22 phage could be induced but had no lytic capacities. However, a lysogenic recipient and intact structure of JL22 virions were observed, showing that the extended-spectrum β-lactamase blaCTX-M-55 gene was successfully transferred. Overall, conserved genes can be a good complement to improve the identification efficiency and accuracy in future screening for P1-like PPs. Moreover, the highly conserved structures may be important for their prevalence and dissemination. IMPORTANCE As a PP, P1 DNA exists as a low-copy-number plasmid and replicates autonomously with a lysogenization style. This unique mode of P1-like elements probably indicates a stable contribution to antibiotic resistance. After analyzing these elements, we show that P1-like PPs are very similar and conserved, with only eight highly variable regions. Moreover, we observed the occurrence of replicon IncY and p0111 only in the P1-like PP community, implying that these conserved regions, coupled with IncY and p0111, can be an important complement in future screening of P1-like PPs. Identification and characterization of JL22 confirmed our findings that major changes were located in variable regions, including the first detection of blaCTX-M-55 in such a mobile genetic element. This suggests that these variable regions may facilitate foreign DNA mobilization. This study features a comprehensive genetic analysis of P1-like PPs, providing new insights into the dissemination mechanisms of antibiotic resistance through P1 PPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mianzhi Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
- Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou, China
| | - Li Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
- Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jingyi Wei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
- Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou, China
| | - Heng Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
- Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou, China
| | - Junxuan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- National Laboratory of Safety Evaluation (Environmental Assessment) of Veterinary Drugs, Guangzhou, China
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziyi Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
- Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou, China
| | - Wenhui Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
- Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolu He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- National Laboratory of Safety Evaluation (Environmental Assessment) of Veterinary Drugs, Guangzhou, China
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
- Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ruichao Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
- Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xia Xiao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
- Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yongxue Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- National Laboratory of Safety Evaluation (Environmental Assessment) of Veterinary Drugs, Guangzhou, China
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenling Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- National Laboratory of Safety Evaluation (Environmental Assessment) of Veterinary Drugs, Guangzhou, China
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
- Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou, China
- International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, China
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Xiao X, Liu Z, Chen X, Peng K, Li R, Liu Y, Wang Z. Persistence of plasmid and tet(X4) in an Escherichia coli isolate coharboring blaNDM-5 and mcr-1 after acquiring an IncFII tet(X4)-positive plasmid. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1010387. [PMID: 36338060 PMCID: PMC9626518 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1010387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of plasmid-mediated tigecycline resistance gene tet(X4) is presenting an increasing trend. Once tet(X4)-bearing plasmids are captured by multidrug-resistant bacteria, such as blaNDM and mcr-coharboring bacteria, it will promote bacteria to develop an ultra-broad resistance spectrum, limiting clinical treatment options. However, little is known about the destiny of such bacteria or how they will evolve in the future. Herein, we constructed a multidrug-resistant bacteria coharboring tet(X4), blaNDM-5, and mcr-1 by introducing a tet(X4)-bearing plasmid into a blaNDM-5 and mcr-1 positive E. coli strain. Subsequently, the stability of tet(X4) and the plasmid was measured after being evolved under tigecycline or antibiotic-free circumstance. Interestingly, we observed both tet(X4)-bearing plasmids in tigecycline treated strains and non-tigecycline treated strains were stable, which might be jointly affected by the increased conjugation frequency and the structural alterations of the tet(X4)-positive plasmid. However, the stability of tet(X4) gene showed different scenarios in the two types of evolved strains. The tet(X4) gene in non-tigecycline treated strains was stable whereas the tet(X4) gene was discarded rapidly in tigecycline treated strains. Accordingly, we found the expression levels of tet(X4) gene in tigecycline-treated strains were several times higher than in non-tigecycline treated strains and ancestral strains, which might in turn impose a stronger burden on the host bacteria. SNPs analysis revealed that a myriad of mutations occurred in genes involving in conjugation transfer, and the missense mutation of marR gene in chromosome of tigecycline treated strains might account for the completely different stability of tet(X4)-bearing plasmid and tet(X4) gene. Collectively, these findings shed a light on the possibility of the emergence of multidrug resistant bacteria due to the transmission of tet(X4)-bearing plasmid, and highlighted that the antibiotic residues may be critical to the development of such bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Xiao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziyi Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaojun Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Peng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ruichao Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- *Correspondence: Zhiqiang Wang,
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Zhang W, Lu X, Chen S, Liu Y, Peng D, Wang Z, Li R. Molecular epidemiology and population genomics of tet(X4), bla NDM or mcr-1 positive Escherichia coli from migratory birds in southeast coast of China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 244:114032. [PMID: 36084501 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria harboring tet(X4), blaNDM or mcr-1 posed a serious threat to public health. Wild birds, especially migratory birds, were considered as one of important transmission vectors for antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) globally, however, few studies were performed on the genomic epidemiology of critical resistance genes among them. Isolates harboring tet(X4), mcr-1 or blaNDM from migratory birds were identified and characterized by PCR, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, conjugation assays, whole genome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. A total of 14 tet(X4)-bearing E. coli, 4 blaNDM-bearing E. coli and 23 mcr-1-bearing E. coli isolates were recovered from 1060 fecal samples of migratory birds. All isolates were MDR bacteria and most plasmids carrying tet(X4), blaNDM or mcr-1 were conjugative. We first identified an E. coli of migratory bird origin carrying blaNDM-4, which was located on a conjugative IncHI2 plasmid and embedded on a novel MDR region flanked by IS26 that could generate the circular intermediate. The emergency of E. coli isolates co-harboring mcr-1 and blaNDM-5 in migratory birds indicated the coexistence of ARGs in migratory birds was a novel threat. This study revealed the prevalence and molecular characteristics of three important ARGs in migratory birds, provided evidence that migratory birds were potential vectors of novel resistance genes and highlighted the monitoring of ARGs in migratory birds should be strengthened to prevent the spread of ARGs in a One Health strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Zhang
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Lu
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR China
| | - Sujuan Chen
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR China; Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR China
| | - Daxin Peng
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR China.
| | - Ruichao Li
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR China; Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR China.
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Zhang S, Wen J, Wang Y, Wang M, Jia R, Chen S, Liu M, Zhu D, Zhao X, Wu Y, Yang Q, Huang J, Ou X, Mao S, Gao Q, Sun D, Tian B, Cheng A. Dissemination and prevalence of plasmid-mediated high-level tigecycline resistance gene tet (X4). Front Microbiol 2022; 13:969769. [PMID: 36246244 PMCID: PMC9557194 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.969769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
With the large-scale use of antibiotics, antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) continue to rise, and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are regarded as emerging environmental pollutants. The new tetracycline-class antibiotic, tigecycline is the last resort for treating multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. Plasmid-mediated horizontal transfer enables the sharing of genetic information among different bacteria. The tigecycline resistance gene tet(X) threatens the efficacy of tigecycline, and the adjacent ISCR2 or IS26 are often detected upstream and downstream of the tet(X) gene, which may play a crucial driving role in the transmission of the tet(X) gene. Since the first discovery of the plasmid-mediated high-level tigecycline resistance gene tet(X4) in China in 2019, the tet(X) genes, especially tet(X4), have been reported within various reservoirs worldwide, such as ducks, geese, migratory birds, chickens, pigs, cattle, aquatic animals, agricultural field, meat, and humans. Further, our current researches also mentioned viruses as novel environmental reservoirs of antibiotic resistance, which will probably become a focus of studying the transmission of ARGs. Overall, this article mainly aims to discuss the current status of plasmid-mediated transmission of different tet(X) genes, in particular tet(X4), as environmental pollutants, which will risk to public health for the “One Health” concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaqiu Zhang
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Shaqiu Zhang, ; Anchun Cheng,
| | - Jinfeng Wen
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuwei Wang
- Mianyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Mianyang, China
| | - Mingshu Wang
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Renyong Jia
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shun Chen
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mafeng Liu
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dekang Zhu
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinxin Zhao
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiao Yang
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Juan Huang
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xumin Ou
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Sai Mao
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qun Gao
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Di Sun
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bin Tian
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Anchun Cheng
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Shaqiu Zhang, ; Anchun Cheng,
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Kürekci C, Lu X, Celil BG, Disli HB, Mohsin M, Wang Z, Li R. Emergence and Characterization of Tigecycline Resistance Gene tet(X4) in ST609 Escherichia coli Isolates from Wastewater in Turkey. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0073222. [PMID: 35863037 PMCID: PMC9431179 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00732-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Emergence of pathogens harboring tigecycline resistance genes incurs great concerns. Wastewater is recognized as the important reservoir of antimicrobial resistance genes. Here we characterized the phenotypes and genotypes of bacteria carrying tet(X4) from wastewater in Turkey for the first time. Four tet(X4)-positive Escherichia coli isolates were identified and characterized by PCR, Sanger sequencing, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, conjugation assays, Illumina sequencing, nanopore sequencing and bioinformatic analysis. Four tet(X4)-harboring isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria and the tet(X4) gene was nontransferable in four isolates. Genetic analysis revealed that tet(X4) genes in four isolates were located on plasmids co-harboring two replicons IncFIA(HI1) and IncFIB(K). However, none of the four plasmids carried genes associated with horizontal transfer of plasmids. The coexistence of blaSHV-12-bearing IncX3-type plasmid and tet(X4)-harboring plasmid was also found in one isolate. These findings indicate that continuous surveillance of the tet(X4)-bearing isolates in different environments worldwide should be strengthened. IMPORTANCE The emergence of tigecycline resistance genes in humans and animals in China seriously threatens the clinical utility of tigecycline, but the molecular epidemiology of tigecycline-resistant bacteria in other countries remained largely unknown. Therefore, it is necessary to learn the prevalence and molecular characteristics of bacteria carrying tigecycline resistance genes, particularly the mobilizable tet(X4), in other countries. In the study, we first described the presence and molecular characteristics of the tet(X4)-positive E. coli isolates from wastewater in Turkey. Four tet(X4)-bearing isolates belonged to ST609, an E. coli clone commonly found from humans, animals and the environment. These findings highlight the importance of monitoring the tet(X4) gene in different settings globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cemil Kürekci
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Xiaoyu Lu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Büsra Gülay Celil
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Burak Disli
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Mashkoor Mohsin
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Ruichao Li
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
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Wang J, Lu MJ, Wang ZY, Jiang Y, Wu H, Pan ZM, Jiao X. Tigecycline-resistant Escherichia coli ST761 carrying tet(X4) in a pig farm, China. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:967313. [PMID: 36016796 PMCID: PMC9396132 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.967313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and characterization of tet(X4) in Escherichia coli isolates from a pig farm in Shanghai, China, and to elucidate tet(X4) dissemination mechanism in this swine farm. Forty-nine (80.33%) E. coli strains were isolated from 61 samples from a pig farm and were screened for the presence of tet(X). Among them, six (12.24%) strains were positive for tet(X4) and exhibited resistance to tigecycline (MIC ≥ 16 mg/L). They were further sequenced by Illumina Hiseq. Six tet(X4)-positive strains belonged to ST761 with identical resistance genes, resistance profiles, plasmid replicons, and cgMLST type except that additional ColE10 plasmid was present in isolate SH21PTE35. Isolate SH21PTE31, as a representative ST761 E. coli strain, was further sequenced using Nanopore MinION. The tet(X4) in SH21PTE31 was located on IncFIA18/IncFIB(K)/IncX1 hybrid plasmid pYUSHP31-1, highly similar to other tet(X4)-carrying IncFIA18/IncFIB(K)/IncX1 plasmids from ST761 E. coli and other E. coli lineages in China. These IncFIA18/IncFIB(K)/IncX1 plasmids shared closely related multidrug resistance regions, and could reorganize, acquire or lose resistance modules mediated by mobile elements such as ISCR2 and IS26. Phylogenetic analysis were performed including all tet(X4)-positive isolates obtained in this pig farm combined with 43 tet(X4)-positive E. coli from pigs, cow, pork, wastewater, and patients with the same ST from NCBI. The 50 tet(X4)-carrying E. coli ST761 isolates from different areas in China shared a close phylogenetic relationship (0-49 SNPs). In conclusion, clonal transmission of tet(X4)-positive E. coli ST761 has occurred in this swine farm. E. coli ST761 has the potential to become a high-risk clone for tet(X4) dissemination in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Meng-Jun Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yue Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Han Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Ming Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xinan Jiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xinan Jiao,
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Hu K, Zhang J, Zou J, Zeng L, Li J, Wang J, Long W, Zhang X. Molecular characterization of NDM-1-producing carbapenem-resistant E. cloacae complex from a tertiary hospital in Chongqing, China. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:935165. [PMID: 36004335 PMCID: PMC9393607 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.935165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe aim of this study was to clarify the molecular characterization of NDM-1-producing carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter cloacae complex (CREL) at a teaching hospital in Chongqing, China.MethodsAntimicrobial susceptibility and resistance genes were analyzed. Epidemiological relationship was analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Conjugation experiments were performed to determine the transferability of plasmids. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of strains was implemented, and the genetic environment of the blaNDM-1- and mcr-9-carrying plasmids was analyzed.ResultsA total of 10 blaNDM-1-positive CREL isolates were identified. All isolates harbored multiple resistance genes. ECL68 and ECL78 co-produce blaNDM-1 and mcr-9. Among the four different sequence types (STs) detected, ST1466 was assigned as a novel ST. Six isolates exhibited highly similar PFGE patterns. Conjugation assay proved that all plasmids containing blaNDM-1 or mcr-9 could be transferred to the recipient Escherichia coli. WGS indicated that blaNDM-1 genes were carried by diverse plasmids, including IncHI2/IncN, IncX3, and one unclassified plasmid type. The backbone structure of these plasmids is involved in replication initiation (repAB), partitioning (parABM), and conjugation/type IV secretion (tra/virB). Analysis of the genetic environment showed that blaNDM-1 in three plasmids exhibited a highly similar structure to protype Tn125. Co-existence of blaNDM-1 and the colistin resistance gene mcr-9 was detected in the two isolates, ECL68 and ECL78. In ECL68, blaNDM-1 and mcr-9 were present on the same plasmid while located in two separate plasmids in ECL78. The genetic environment of mcr-9 was organized as IS26-wbuC-mcr-9-IS903-pcoS-pcoE-rcnA-rcnR, and the two-component system encoding genes qseC and qseB was not found in two plasmids, which could explain mcr-9-harboring strains’ colistin susceptibility.ConclusionsWe first report a nosocomial outbreak of NDM-1-producing E. cloacae complex ST177 in China. Conjugative plasmids contributed to the horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes. The prevalence and even coexistence of blaNDM-1 and mcr-9 may further threaten public health. Our results highlight further surveillance for blaNDM-1, and mcr-9 is essential to prevent its dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kewang Hu
- Department of Microbiology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Microbiology, Affiliated Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jisheng Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingbo Zou
- Department of Microbiology, Yongchuan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Lingyi Zeng
- Department of Microbiology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Molecular biology, Jiaxing Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Jiaxing, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Microbiology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianmin Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenzhang Long
- Department of Microbiology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoli Zhang,
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Zhai W, Tian Y, Shao D, Zhang M, Li J, Song H, Sun C, Wang Y, Liu D, Zhang Y. Fecal Carriage of Escherichia coli Harboring the tet(X4)-IncX1 Plasmid from a Tertiary Class-A Hospital in Beijing, China. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11081068. [PMID: 36009937 PMCID: PMC9405050 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11081068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of the mobile tigecycline-resistance gene, tet(X4), poses a significant threat to public health. To investigate the prevalence and genetic characteristics of the tet(X4)-positive Escherichia coli in humans, 1101 human stool samples were collected from a tertiary class-A hospital in Beijing, China, in 2019. Eight E. coli isolates that were positive for tet(X4) were identified from clinical departments of oncology (n = 3), hepatology (n = 2), nephrology (n = 1), urology (n = 1), and general surgery (n = 1). They exhibited resistance to multiple antibiotics, including tigecycline, but remained susceptible to meropenem and polymyxin B. A phylogenetic analysis revealed that the clonal spread of four tet(X4)-positive E. coli from different periods of time or departments existed in this hospital, and three isolates were phylogenetically close to the tet(X4)-positive E. coli from animals and the environment. All tet(X4)-positive E. coli isolates contained the IncX1-plasmid replicon. Three isolates successfully transferred their tigecycline resistance to the recipient strain, C600, demonstrating that the plasmid-mediated horizontal gene transfer constitutes another critical mechanism for transmitting tet(X4). Notably, all tet(X4)-bearing plasmids identified in this study had a high similarity to several plasmids recovered from animal-derived strains. Our findings revealed the importance of both the clonal spread and horizontal gene transfer in the spread of tet(X4) within human clinics and between different sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weishuai Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yingxin Tian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Dongyan Shao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Muchen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jiyun Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Huangwei Song
- Key Laboratory of Animal Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chengtao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Dejun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence: (D.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
- Correspondence: (D.L.); (Y.Z.)
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Anyanwu MU, Nwobi OC, Okpala COR, Ezeonu IM. Mobile Tigecycline Resistance: An Emerging Health Catastrophe Requiring Urgent One Health Global Intervention. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:808744. [PMID: 35979498 PMCID: PMC9376449 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.808744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Mobile tigecycline resistance (MTR) threatens the clinical efficacy of the salvage antibiotic, tigecycline (TIG) used in treating deadly infections in humans caused by superbugs (multidrug-, extensively drug-, and pandrug-resistant bacteria), including carbapenem- and colistin-resistant bacteria. Currently, non-mobile tet(X) and mobile plasmid-mediated transmissible tet(X) and resistance-nodulation-division (RND) efflux pump tmexCD-toprJ genes, conferring high-level TIG (HLT) resistance have been detected in humans, animals, and environmental ecosystems. Given the increasing rate of development and spread of plasmid-mediated resistance against the two last-resort antibiotics, colistin (COL) and TIG, there is a need to alert the global community on the emergence and spread of plasmid-mediated HLT resistance and the need for nations, especially developing countries, to increase their antimicrobial stewardship. Justifiably, MTR spread projects One Health ramifications and portends a monumental threat to global public and animal health, which could lead to outrageous health and economic impact due to limited options for therapy. To delve more into this very important subject matter, this current work will discuss why MTR is an emerging health catastrophe requiring urgent One Health global intervention, which has been constructed as follows: (a) antimicrobial activity of TIG; (b) mechanism of TIG resistance; (c) distribution, reservoirs, and traits of MTR gene-harboring isolates; (d) causes of MTR development; (e) possible MTR gene transfer mode and One Health implication; and (f) MTR spread and mitigating strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madubuike Umunna Anyanwu
- Microbiology Unit, Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
- *Correspondence: Madubuike Umunna Anyanwu,
| | - Obichukwu Chisom Nwobi
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Charles Odilichukwu R. Okpala
- Department of Functional Food Products Development, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
- Charles Odilichukwu R. Okpala,
| | - Ifeoma M. Ezeonu
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
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Guan C, Tang B, Yang H, Ma J, Huang Y, Liu C. Emergence of plasmid-mediated tigecycline resistance gene, tet(X4), in Escherichia fergusonii from pigs. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2022; 30:249-251. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2022.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Molecular mechanisms and genomic basis of tigecycline-resistant Enterobacterales from swine slaughterhouses. Microbiol Res 2022; 264:127151. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2022.127151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Emergence of plasmid-mediated tigecycline, β-lactam and florfenicol resistance genes tet(X), blaOXA-347 and floR in Riemerella anatipestifer isolated in China. Poult Sci 2022; 101:102057. [PMID: 35944374 PMCID: PMC9379664 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial antimicrobial resistance (AMR) continues to develop, with the horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) through plasmids playing a major role. Recently, the antimicrobial resistance of R. anatipestifer has become increasingly severe, jeopardizing the development of the poultry industry. In this study, we used PromethION to determine the whole genome sequence of R. anatipestifer RCAD0416, a multidrug-resistant isolate from China. We detected a plasmid in the isolate. We named the plasmid pRCAD0416RA-1; the plasmid was 37356 bp in size with 36 putative open reading frames and included the blaOXA-347, floR, tet(X), ermF, ereD, and AadS resistance genes. Most resistance genes might be obtained from R. anatipestifer HXb2. Mobile elements and floR might be transmitted by plasmid pB18–2 from Acinetobacter indicus, and the ICEPg6Chn1 mobile elements can be transmitted from Proteus genomosp. The plasmid pRCAD0416RA-1 was transferred to Escherichia coli K-12 × 7232 via electroporation. Subsequent antimicrobial sensitivity tests (AST) showed a noticeable levels of antimicrobial resistance to β-lactams (4–8 fold), tigecycline (8 fold), and florfenicol (8 fold). These types of antibiotics are in common clinical use. The purpose of this article is to elucidate the basic characteristics of pRCAD0416RA-1 and the level of resistance mediated by blaOXA-347, floR, and tet(X).
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Zhai W, Wang T, Yang D, Zhang Q, Liang X, Liu Z, Sun C, Wu C, Liu D, Wang Y. Clonal relationship of tet(X4)-positive Escherichia coli ST761 isolates between animals and humans. J Antimicrob Chemother 2022; 77:2153-2157. [PMID: 35678277 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkac175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To characterize the relationship of tet(X4)-positive isolates from different hosts and environments. METHODS PCR and MALDI-TOF MS were used to identify the tet(X4)-positive isolates. The MICs of 13 antimicrobial agents were determined by broth microdilution. Illumina technology was used to sequence all of the isolates. One isolate was randomly selected from Escherichia coli ST761 clones for long-read sequencing to obtain plasmid sequences. Bioinformatics analysis was used to determine the phylogeny of 46 tet(X4)-positive E. coli ST761 strains. RESULTS A total of 12 tet(X4)-positive isolates, 8 E. coli and 4 Aeromonas simiae, were obtained from six lairages of a slaughterhouse. These isolates exhibited resistance to at least three classes of antimicrobials, including tigecycline. The majority of them, seven E. coli and three A. simiae, represent separate clonal groups. Notably, the seven E. coli isolates belonged to ST761, a common ST carrying the tet(X4) gene that has been identified in 39 isolates from animals, meat, wastewater and humans from seven Chinese provinces. All 46 tet(X4)-positive E. coli ST761 strains from various sources have a close phylogenetic relationship (0-72 SNPs), with a high nucleotide sequence similarity of resistance genes and the tet(X4)-carrying IncX1-IncFIA(HI1)-IncFIB(K) hybrid plasmid, indicating a clonal relationship of tet(X4)-positive E. coli ST761 among animals, food, the environment and humans. CONCLUSIONS The clonal relationship of tet(X4)-positive E. coli ST761 between humans and animals poses a previously underestimated threat to public health. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first description of tet(X4)-positive A. simiae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weishuai Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, 100048, China
| | - Dawei Yang
- China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Qidi Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Zhihai Liu
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Chengtao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Congming Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Dejun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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Tang F, Cai W, Jiang L, Wang Z, Liu Y. Large-Scale Analysis of Fitness Cost of tet(X4)-Positive Plasmids in Escherichia coli. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:798802. [PMID: 35719358 PMCID: PMC9203853 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.798802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Tigecycline is one of important antimicrobial agents for the treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria. However, the emergence and prevalence of plasmid-mediated tigecycline resistance gene tet(X4) are threatening human and animal health. Fitness cost elicited by resistance plasmids is a key factor affecting the maintenance and transmission of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the host. A comparative analysis of the fitness cost of different types of tet(X4)-positive plasmids is helpful to understand and predict the prevalence of dominant plasmids. In this study, we performed a large-scale analysis of fitness cost of tet(X4)-positive plasmids origin from clinical isolates. These plasmids were successfully electroporated into a reference strain Escherichia coli TOP10, and a series of transformants carrying the tet(X) gene were obtained. The effects of tet(X4)-positive plasmids on the growth rate, plasmid stability, relative fitness, biofilm formation, and virulence in a Galleria mellonella model were evaluated. Consequently, we found that these plasmids resulted in varying degrees of fitness cost on TOP10, including delayed bacterial growth and attenuated virulence. Out of these plasmids, tet(X4)-harboring IncFII plasmids showed the lowest fitness cost on the host. Furthermore, by means of experimental evolution in the presence of commonly used drugs in clinic, the fitness cost of tet(X4)-positive plasmids was substantially alleviated, accompanied by increased plasmid stability. Collectively, our data reveal the differential fitness cost caused by different types of tet(X4)-positive plasmids and suggest that the wide use of tetracycline antibiotics may promote the evolution of plasmids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Wenhui Cai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Lijie Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zhiqiang Wang, ; Yuan Liu,
| | - Yuan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zhiqiang Wang, ; Yuan Liu,
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Gao X, He X, Lv L, Cai Z, Liu YY, Liu JH. Detection of Tet(X4)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae from the environment and wide spread of IncFIA-IncHI1A-IncHI1B plasmid carrying tet(X4) in China. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2022; 30:130-132. [PMID: 35660660 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2022.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xun Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistant of Microorganisms in Animals, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Xiaotong He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistant of Microorganisms in Animals, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Luchao Lv
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistant of Microorganisms in Animals, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Zhongpeng Cai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistant of Microorganisms in Animals, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yi-Yun Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistant of Microorganisms in Animals, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jian-Hua Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistant of Microorganisms in Animals, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.
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47
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Functional and phylogenetic analysis of TetX variants to design a new classification system. Commun Biol 2022; 5:522. [PMID: 35641548 PMCID: PMC9156754 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03465-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, many TetX variants such as Tet(X3~14) were reported to confer resistance to tigecycline which is a last-resort antibiotic used to treat infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. In this study, we identified essential residues including 329, 339, 340, 350, and 351 in TetX variants that mediated the evolution of the tigecycline-inactive Tet(X2) enzyme to the active forms of Tet(X3) and Tet(X4). Based on their amino acid sequences and functional features, we classified TetX variants into TetX-A class, TetX-B class and TetX-C class. We further found that TetX-A class variants originated from Bacteroidetes, with some variants further evolving to TetX-C class and acquired by Enterobacteriaceae. On the other hand, our data showed that some variants genes belonging to TetX-A class evolved directly to TetX-B class, which was further transmitted to Acinetobacter spp. This new classification system may facilitate better clinical management of patients infected by TetX-producing strains.
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48
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Li R, Mohsin M, Lincopan N. Editorial: Investigating Antimicrobial Resistance With Single-Molecule Sequencing Technologies: Opportunities and Challenges. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:913662. [PMID: 35633664 PMCID: PMC9134187 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.913662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ruichao Li
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ruichao Li
| | - Mashkoor Mohsin
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Nilton Lincopan
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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49
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Coexistence of tet(X4), mcr-1, and blaNDM-5 in ST6775 Escherichia coli Isolates of Animal Origin in China. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0019622. [PMID: 35311537 PMCID: PMC9045152 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00196-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Emergence of pathogens harboring multiple resistance genes incurs great concerns. Cooccurrence of mobile resistance genes conferring resistance to tigecycline, colistin, and carbapenems in Escherichia coli has not been investigated. This study aimed to characterize three E. coli isolates coharboring tet(X4), mcr-1, and blaNDM-5. Isolates coharboring tet(X4), mcr-1, and blaNDM-5 were identified and characterized by PCR, Sanger sequencing, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, conjugation assays, Illumina sequencing, nanopore sequencing, and bioinformatic analysis. Three E. coli isolates carrying tet(X4), mcr-1, and blaNDM-5 were identified from pigeons in China. They were resistant to almost all antimicrobials except enrofloxacin. tet(X4) and blaNDM-5 could be conjugated into E. coli C600, but mcr-1 was nontransferable in three isolates. Three isolates belonged to sequence type 6775 (ST6775), and clonal dissemination of isolates carrying tet(X4), mcr-1, and blaNDM-5 existed in the pigeon farm. Genetic analysis revealed that mcr-1 mediated by the Tn6330 was located on the chromosome, tet(X4) was located on the IncFII plasmid, and blaNDM-5 was located on the IncX3 plasmid. We first characterized the E. coli isolates carrying tet(X4), mcr-1, and blaNDM-5 simultaneously. Relevant measures should be taken to decrease the prevalence of pathogens carrying tet(X4), mcr-1, and blaNDM-5. IMPORTANCE Tigecycline and colistin are regarded as vital antimicrobials to treat multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections, such as that caused by carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE). Cooccurrence of mobile resistance genes conferring resistance to last-resort antimicrobials in E. coli remains unknown. Here, we characterized E. coli strains coharboring tet(X4), mcr-1, and blaNDM-5 phenotypically and genetically. Resistance genes tet(X4), mcr-1, and blaNDM-5 were located on transposons or plasmids that were mobile genetic elements related to the capture, accumulation, and dissemination of such important resistance genes. The emergence of E. coli isolates carrying tet(X4), mcr-1, and blaNDM-5 highlights the importance of monitoring the coexistence of novel mobile resistance genes in different settings with a One Health approach. Risk of transmission of such MDR pathogens from animals to humans should be evaluated comprehensively.
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50
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Wu Y, He R, Qin M, Yang Y, Chen J, Feng Y, Liang X, Deng W, Ding X, Qin LN, Liao K, Yang Y, Tian GB. Identification of Plasmid-Mediated Tigecycline-Resistant Gene tet(X4) in Enterobacter cloacae from Pigs in China. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0206421. [PMID: 35230154 PMCID: PMC9045145 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02064-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Two tet(X4)-positive Enterobacter cloacae isolates TECL_1 and TECL_2 were isolated from pigs in China. S1-PFGE and Southern blotting showed that tet(X4) located on plasmids in the size of ∼290 kb and ∼190 kb in TECL_1 and TECL_2, respectively. Conjugation experiment demonstrated that the tet(X4)-harboring plasmid can transfer from the donor strain TECL_1 and TECL_2 to the recipient strain Escherichia coli J53, and the tigecycline resistance of transconjugants was increased by 128-fold and 64-fold compared with E. coli J53, respectively. We obtained the complete plasmid sequence of pTECL_2-190k-tetX4 (190,185 bp) from E. cloacae TECL_2 and found that the plasmid was a hybrid plasmid with replicon types of IncFIA, IncHI1A and IncHI1B. We further analyzed 85 tet(X4)-carrying plasmids in the public database and clarified that pTECL_2-190k-tetX4-like plasmid was widespread in multiple species of Enterobacteriaceae. IMPORTANCE We identified two tet(X4)-positive E. cloacae isolates, which has not been previously reported. We obtained the complete sequence of pTECL_2-190k-tetX4 and found that it was a hybrid plasmid with multiple replicon types, including IncFIA, IncHI1A and IncHI1B. By comparing all the known tet(X4)-carrying plasmids, we found that pTECL_2-190k-tetX4-like plasmid has been disseminated across various species in China. Our study expanded the identification of tet(X4)-positive species and emphasized that pTECL_2-190k-tetX4-like plasmid has spread widely in various species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Wu
- Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruowen He
- Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingyang Qin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yanxian Yang
- Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jieyun Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Feng
- Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxue Liang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenbin Deng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Ding
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Na Qin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kang Liao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongqiang Yang
- Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guo-Bao Tian
- Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
- School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
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