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Choi N, Kim HY, Ko JM. Development of disease-specific growth charts for Korean children with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome. Clin Genet 2024; 105:533-542. [PMID: 38265109 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is an epigenetic overgrowth syndrome. Despite its distinctive growth pattern, the detailed growth trajectories of children with BWS remain largely unknown. We retrospectively analyzed 413 anthropometric measurements over an average of 4.4 years of follow-up in 51 children with BWS. We constructed sex-specific percentile curves for height, weight, and head circumference using a generalized additive model for location, scale, and shape. Males with BWS exhibited greater height at all ages evaluated, weight before the age of 10, and head circumference before the age of 9 than those of the general population. Females with BWS showed greater height before the age of 7, weight before the age of 4.5, and head circumference before the age of 7 than those of the general population. At the latest follow-up visit at a mean 8.4 years of age, bone age was significantly higher than chronological age. Compared to paternal uniparental disomy (pUPD), males with imprinting center region 2-loss of methylation (IC2-LOM) had higher standard deviation score (SDS) for height and weight, while females with IC2-LOM showed larger SDS for head circumference. These disease-specific growth charts can serve as valuable tools for clinical monitoring of children with BWS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naye Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hwa Young Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-Si, South Korea
| | - Jung Min Ko
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Rare Disease Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
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Strafacci ADSL, Bertapelli F, Kim CA, Rivadeneira MJ, Honjo RS, Domenici Kulikowski L, Ferreira DM, Batista LC, Lopes VLGDS, Guerra Junior G. Brazilian growth charts for Williams-Beuren Syndrome at ages 2 to 18 years. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2024; 100:277-282. [PMID: 38182127 PMCID: PMC11065654 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2023.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop growth charts for weight-for-age, height-for-age, and body mass index (BMI)-for-age for both genders aged 2 to 18 years for Brazilian patients with Williams-Beuren Syndrome (WBS). METHODS This is a multicenter, retrospective, and longitudinal study, data were collected from the medical records of boys and girls with a confirmed diagnosis of WBS in three large university centers in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Growth charts stratified by gender and age in years were developed using LMSchartmaker Pro software. The LMS (Lambda Mu Sigma) method was used to model the charts . The quality of the settings was checked by worm plots. RESULTS The first Brazilian growth charts for weight-for-age, height-for-age, and BMI-for-age stratified by gender were constructed for WBS patients aged 2 to 18 years. CONCLUSION The growth charts developed in this study can help to guide family members and to improve the health care offered by health professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda de Sousa Lima Strafacci
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (FCM), Departamento de Pediatria, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | - Fabio Bertapelli
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (FCM), Laboratório de Crescimento e Desenvolvimento (LabCreD), Centro de Investigação em Pediatria (CIPED), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Chong Ae Kim
- Departamento de Pediatria, Unidade de Genética, Instituto da Criança, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria José Rivadeneira
- Unidade de Genética, Instituto da Criança, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rachel Sayuri Honjo
- Unidade de Genética, Instituto da Criança, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Leslie Domenici Kulikowski
- Unidade de Genética, Instituto da Criança, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Danilo Moretti Ferreira
- Universidade Estadual de São Paulo (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Ciências Químicas e Biológicas, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Letícia Cassimiro Batista
- Universidade Estadual de São Paulo (UNESP), Departamento de Ciências Químicas e Biológicas, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Vera Lúcia Gil da Silva Lopes
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (FCM), Departamento de Medicina Translacional, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Gil Guerra Junior
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (FCM), Laboratório de Crescimento e Desenvolvimento (LabCreD), Centro de Investigação em Pediatria (CIPED), Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Lanvin PL, Goronflot T, Isidor B, Nizon M, Durand B, El Chehadeh S, Geneviève D, Ruault V, Fradin M, Pasquier L, Thévenon J, Delobel B, Burglen L, Afenjar A, Faivre L, Francannet C, Guerrot AM, Goldenberg A, Mercier S, Héron D, Lehalle D, Mignot C, Marey I, Charles P, Moutton S, Bézieau S, Bayat A, Piton A, Willems M, Vincent M. Growth charts in DYRK1A syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2024; 194:9-16. [PMID: 37740550 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
DYRK1A Syndrome (OMIM #614104) is caused by pathogenic variations in the DYRK1A gene located on 21q22. Haploinsufficiency of DYRK1A causes a syndrome with global psychomotor delay and intellectual disability. Low birth weight, growth restriction with feeding difficulties, stature insufficiency, and microcephaly are frequently reported. This study aims to create specific growth charts for individuals with DYRK1A Syndrome and identify parameters for size prognosis. Growth parameters were obtained for 92 individuals with DYRK1A Syndrome (49 males vs. 43 females). The data were obtained from pediatric records, parent reporting, and scientific literature. Growth charts for height, weight, body mass index (BMI), and occipitofrontal circumference (OFC) were generated using generalized additive models through R package gamlss. The growth curves include height, weight, and OFC measurements for patients aged 0-5 years. In accordance with the literature, the charts show that individuals are more likely to present intrauterine growth restriction with low birth weight and microcephaly. The growth is then characterized by severe microcephaly, low weight, and short stature. This study proposes growth charts for widespread use in the management of patients with DYRK1A syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Goronflot
- Pôle Hospitalo-Universitaire 11: Santé Publique, Clinique des données, CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, Nantes, France
- INSERM, CIC 1413, Nantes, France
| | - Bertrand Isidor
- Service de génétique médicale, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Institut du thorax, INSERM, CNRS, UNIV Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Mathilde Nizon
- Service de génétique médicale, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Institut du thorax, INSERM, CNRS, UNIV Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Benjamin Durand
- Service de génétique médicale, CHU de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - David Geneviève
- Reference Centre AD SOOR, AnDDI-RARE, Arnaud de Villeneuve Hospital and University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Université Montpellier, INSERM U1183, Montpellier, France
| | - Valentin Ruault
- Reference Centre AD SOOR, AnDDI-RARE, Arnaud de Villeneuve Hospital and University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Mélanie Fradin
- Service de génétique médicale, CHU de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | | | - Julien Thévenon
- Service de génétique médicale, CHU de Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Bruno Delobel
- Service de génétique médicale, GH de l'Institut Catholique de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Lydie Burglen
- Service de neuropédiatrie et génétique, APHP Armand-Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Afenjar
- Service de neuropédiatrie et génétique, APHP Armand-Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Laurence Faivre
- Centre de référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs et FHU TRANSLAD, CHU de Dijon, Dijon, France
- Équipe GAD, INSERM UMR 1231, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Christine Francannet
- Service de génétique médicale, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Anne-Marie Guerrot
- Department of Genetics and Reference Center for Developmental Disorders, Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, CHU Rouen, Rouen, France
- INSERM U1245, FHU G4 Génomique, Rouen, France
| | - Alice Goldenberg
- Department of Genetics and Reference Center for Developmental Disorders, Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, CHU Rouen, Rouen, France
- INSERM U1245, FHU G4 Génomique, Rouen, France
| | - Sandra Mercier
- Service de génétique médicale, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Institut du thorax, INSERM, CNRS, UNIV Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Delphine Héron
- Service de génétique médicale, APHP Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Daphné Lehalle
- Service de génétique médicale, APHP Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Cyril Mignot
- Service de génétique médicale, APHP Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Marey
- Service de génétique médicale, CHU de Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Perrine Charles
- Service de génétique médicale, APHP Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | | | - Stéphane Bézieau
- Service de génétique médicale, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Institut du thorax, INSERM, CNRS, UNIV Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Allan Bayat
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine, Danish Epilepsy Center, Filadelfia, Dianalund, Denmark
- Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Amélie Piton
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- CNRS UMR 7104-INSERM U1258 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Marjolaine Willems
- Reference Centre AD SOOR, AnDDI-RARE, Arnaud de Villeneuve Hospital and University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- INSERM U1298, INM, Montpellier, France
| | - Marie Vincent
- Service de génétique médicale, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Institut du thorax, INSERM, CNRS, UNIV Nantes, Nantes, France
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Bouzid FZ, Hammou HA, Akallakh H, Dafir K, Tajir M, Aboussair N. [Williams-Beuren syndrome: a retrospective study of a series of 11 cases at the Mohammed VI University Hospital in Marrakech]. Pan Afr Med J 2023; 46:94. [PMID: 38405095 PMCID: PMC10891372 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2023.46.94.29604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Williams-Beuren syndrome is a rare genetic disease (1/20 000) characterized by a microdeletion at 7q11.23 encompassing about 28 genes, including the elastin gene, ELN. It is a sporadic disease in the majority of cases. Easily identifiable in childhood, this developmental disorder associates suggestive face dysmorphism, cardiac defect, psychomotor retardation and specific behavioural and cognitive profile. We conducted a retrospective study of 11 patients with Williams-Beuren syndrome whose data were collected in the Genetics Department of the Mohammed VI University Hospital of Marrakech. The average age of patients was 6.05 years (SD=6.56; interquartile range=5), with a female predominance (64%; 7/11 patients). Almost all patients were mentally retarded and the diagnosis was confirmed in 100% (11) of patients using fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Zahrae Bouzid
- Service de Génétique, Centre de Recherche Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Mohammed VI, Marrakech, Maroc
- Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie de Marrakech, Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Maroc
| | - Hanane Ait Hammou
- Service de Génétique, Centre de Recherche Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Mohammed VI, Marrakech, Maroc
| | - Hassan Akallakh
- Service de Génétique, Centre de Recherche Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Mohammed VI, Marrakech, Maroc
| | - Kenza Dafir
- Service de Génétique, Centre de Recherche Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Mohammed VI, Marrakech, Maroc
- Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie de Marrakech, Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Maroc
| | - Mariam Tajir
- Service de Génétique, Centre de Recherche Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Mohammed VI, Marrakech, Maroc
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Mohammed VI, Oujda, Maroc
| | - Nisrine Aboussair
- Service de Génétique, Centre de Recherche Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Mohammed VI, Marrakech, Maroc
- Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie de Marrakech, Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Maroc
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Bomberg EM, Miller BS, Addo OY, Rogol AD, Jaber MM, Sarafoglou K. Sex non-specific growth charts and potential clinical implications in the care of transgender youth. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1227886. [PMID: 37635973 PMCID: PMC10455911 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1227886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and World Health Organization (WHO) created separate growth charts for girls and boys because growth patterns and rates differ between sexes. However, scenarios exist in which this dichotomizing "girls versus boys" approach may not be ideal, including the care of non-binary youth or transgender youth undergoing transitions consistent with their gender identity. There is therefore a need for growth charts that age smooth differences in pubertal timing between sexes to determine how youth are growing as "children" versus "girls or boys" (e.g., age- and sex-neutral, compared to age- and sex-specific, growth charts). Methods Employing similar statistical techniques and datasets used to create the CDC 2000 growth charts, we developed age-adjusted, sex non-specific growth charts for height, weight, and body mass index (BMI), and z-score calculators for these parameters. Specifically, these were created using anthropometric data from five US cross-sectional studies including National Health Examination Surveys II-III and National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys I-III. To illustrate contemporary clinical practice, we overlaid our charts on CDC 2000 girls and boys growth charts. Results 39,119 youth 2-20 years old (49.5% female; 66.7% non-Hispanic White; 21.7% non-Hispanic Black) were included in the development of our growth charts, reference ranges, and z-score calculators. Respective curves were largely superimposable through around 10 years of age after which, coinciding with pubertal onset timing, differences became more apparent. Discussion We conclude that age-adjusted, sex non-specific growth charts may be used in clinical situations such as transgender youth in which standard "girls versus boys" growth charts are not ideal. Until longitudinal auxological data are available in these populations, our growth charts may help to assess a transgender youth's growth trajectory and weight classification, and expectations surrounding these.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Morris Bomberg
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- Center for Pediatric Obesity Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Bradley Scott Miller
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Oppong Yaw Addo
- Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Alan David Rogol
- Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Mutaz M. Jaber
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Minnesota College of Pharmacy, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Kyriakie Sarafoglou
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Minnesota College of Pharmacy, Minneapolis, MN, United States
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Shur N, Tigranyan A, Daymont C, Regier DS, Raturi S, Roshan Lal T, Cleary K, Summar M. The past, present, and future of child growth monitoring: A review and primer for clinical genetics. Am J Med Genet A 2023; 191:948-961. [PMID: 36708136 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Child growth measurements are critical vital signs to track, with every individual child growth curve potentially revealing a story about a child's health and well-being. Simply put, every baby born requires basic building blocks to grow and thrive: proper nutrition, love and care, and medical health. To ensure that every child who is missing one of these vital aspects is identified, growth is traditionally measured at birth and each well-child visit. While the blue and pink growth curves appear omnipresent in pediatric clinics, it is surprising to realize that their use only became standard of care in 1977 when the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) adopted the growth curve as a clinical tool for health. Behind this practice lies a socioeconomically, culturally, and politically complex interplay of individuals and institutions around the world. In this review, we highlight the often forgotten past, current state of practice, and future potential of this powerful clinical tool: the growth reference chart, with a particular focus on clinical genetics practice. The goal of this article is to understand ongoing work in the field of anthropometry (the scientific study of human measurements) and its direct impact on modern pediatric and genetic patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Shur
- Rare Disease Institute, Children's National Research and Innovation Campus, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.,The Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation Children's National Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Annie Tigranyan
- The Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation Children's National Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Carrie Daymont
- Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Debra S Regier
- Rare Disease Institute, Children's National Research and Innovation Campus, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Sumant Raturi
- The Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation Children's National Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Tamanna Roshan Lal
- The Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation Children's National Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Kevin Cleary
- The Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation Children's National Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Marshall Summar
- The Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation Children's National Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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Li F, Chen W, Yao D, Xu L, Shen J, Zeng Y, Shi Z, Ye X, Kang D, Xu B, Shao J, Ji C. Clinical phenotypes study of 231 children with Williams syndrome in China: A single-center retrospective study. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2022; 10:e2069. [PMID: 36168091 PMCID: PMC9747549 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.2069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Williams syndrome (WS) is a multisystem neurodevelopmental disorder caused by microdeletions in 7q11.23. This study aims to characterize the clinical phenotypes of Chinese children with WS to help for the early diagnosis and intervention of this disease. METHODS 231 children diagnosed with WS were retrospectively recruited to the study. Clinical data were analyzed to obtain the incidence of different clinical phenotypes. The occurrence of phenotypes and the influence of gender and age on the incidence of different phenotypes were analyzed. RESULTS All WS exhibited facial dysmorphism (100.0%). The majority had neurodevelopmental disorder (91.8%), hoarseness (87.4%) and cardiovascular anomalies (85.7%). The incidence of short stature (46.9%), inguinal hernia (47.2%), hypercalciuria (29.10%), hypercalcemia (9.1%), subclinical hypothyroidism (26.4%) and hypothyroidism (7.4%) were relatively higher. Gender differences were found in supravalvular aortic stenosis (SVAS, p < .001), ventricular septal defect (VSD, p < .05), inguinal hernia (p < .001), superior pulmonary stenosis (SVPS, p < .05) and neurodevelopmental disorder (p < .05). The incidence of neurodevelopmental disorder in WS increased with age (p < .05) while cardiovascular anomalies (p < .001), short stature (p < .001), hypercalciuria (p < .001) and hypercalcemia (p < .01) decreased with age. CONCLUSIONS Facial dysmorphism, neurodevelopmental disorder, hoarseness and cardiovascular anomalies were the most common phenotypes. Genetic testing should be suggested to confirm the diagnosis for children with the above abnormalities. Gender and age should be taken into account when making diagnosis and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang‐fang Li
- Department of Child Health Care, The Children's HospitalZhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child HealthHangzhouChina
| | - Wei‐jun Chen
- Department of Child Health Care, The Children's HospitalZhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child HealthHangzhouChina
| | - Dan Yao
- Department of Child Health Care, The Children's HospitalZhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child HealthHangzhouChina
| | - Lin Xu
- Department of Child Health Care, The Children's HospitalZhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child HealthHangzhouChina
| | - Ji‐yang Shen
- Department of Child Health Care, The Children's HospitalZhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child HealthHangzhouChina
| | - Yan Zeng
- Department of Child Health Care, The Children's HospitalZhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child HealthHangzhouChina
| | - Zhuo Shi
- Department of Pediatric Cardio‐Thoracic Surgery, The Children's HospitalZhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child HealthHangzhouChina
| | - Xiao‐wei Ye
- Department of Stomatology, The Children's HospitalZhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child HealthHangzhouChina
| | - Dao‐huan Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Children's HospitalZhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child HealthHangzhouChina
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology‐head and Neck Surgery, The Children's HospitalZhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child HealthHangzhouChina
| | - Jie Shao
- Department of Child Health Care, The Children's HospitalZhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child HealthHangzhouChina
| | - Chai Ji
- Department of Child Health Care, The Children's HospitalZhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child HealthHangzhouChina
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Rosina E, Pezzani L, Pezzoli L, Marchetti D, Bellini M, Pilotta A, Calabrese O, Nicastro E, Cirillo F, Cereda A, Scatigno A, Milani D, Iascone M. Atypical, Composite, or Blended Phenotypes: How Different Molecular Mechanisms Could Associate in Double-Diagnosed Patients. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13071275. [PMID: 35886058 PMCID: PMC9319862 DOI: 10.3390/genes13071275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last few years, trio-Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) analysis has revolutionized the diagnostic process for patients with rare genetic syndromes, demonstrating its potential even in non-specific clinical pictures and in atypical presentations of known diseases. Multiple disorders in a single patient have been estimated to occur in approximately 2–7.5% of diagnosed cases, with higher frequency in consanguineous families. Here, we report the clinical and molecular characterisation of eight illustrative patients for whom trio-WES allowed for identifing more than one genetic condition. Double homozygosity represented the causal mechanism in only half of them, whereas the other half showed peculiar multilocus combinations. The paper takes into consideration difficulties and learned lessons from our experience and therefore supports the powerful role of wide analyses for ascertaining multiple genetic diseases in complex patients, especially when a clinical suspicion could account for the majority of clinical signs. It finally makes clear how a patient’s “deep phenotyping” might not be sufficient to suggest the presence of multiple genetic diagnoses but remains essential to validate an unexpected multilocus result from genetic tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Rosina
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, 24127 Bergamo, Italy; (E.R.); (L.P.); (D.M.); (M.B.); (M.I.)
| | - Lidia Pezzani
- Paediatric Unit, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, 24127 Bergamo, Italy; (L.P.); (E.N.); (A.C.); (A.S.)
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Pezzoli
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, 24127 Bergamo, Italy; (E.R.); (L.P.); (D.M.); (M.B.); (M.I.)
| | - Daniela Marchetti
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, 24127 Bergamo, Italy; (E.R.); (L.P.); (D.M.); (M.B.); (M.I.)
| | - Matteo Bellini
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, 24127 Bergamo, Italy; (E.R.); (L.P.); (D.M.); (M.B.); (M.I.)
| | - Alba Pilotta
- Auxo-Endocrinology, Diabetology and Medical Genetic Unit, Department of Paediatrics, ASST Spedali Civili, 25123 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Olga Calabrese
- Medical Genetics Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria di Modena, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | - Emanuele Nicastro
- Paediatric Unit, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, 24127 Bergamo, Italy; (L.P.); (E.N.); (A.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Francesco Cirillo
- Pediatric Hepatology and Paediatric Liver Transplantation, Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Anna Cereda
- Paediatric Unit, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, 24127 Bergamo, Italy; (L.P.); (E.N.); (A.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Agnese Scatigno
- Paediatric Unit, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, 24127 Bergamo, Italy; (L.P.); (E.N.); (A.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Donatella Milani
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-55032560
| | - Maria Iascone
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, 24127 Bergamo, Italy; (E.R.); (L.P.); (D.M.); (M.B.); (M.I.)
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9
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The Sinotubular Junction-to-Aortic Annulus Ratio as a Determinant of Supravalvar Aortic Stenosis Severity. Am J Cardiol 2022; 164:118-122. [PMID: 34815057 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2021.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Supravalvar aortic stenosis (SVAS) severity guides management, including decisions for surgery. Physiologic and technical factors limit the determination of SVAS severity by Doppler echocardiography and cardiac catheterization in Williams syndrome (WS). We hypothesized SVAS severity could be determined by the sinotubular junction-to-aortic annulus ratio (STJ:An). We reviewed all preintervention echocardiograms in patients with WS with SVAS cared for at our center. We measured STJ, An, peak and mean Doppler gradients, and calculated STJ:An. We created 2 mean gradient prediction models. Model 1 used the simplified Bernoulli's equation, and model 2 used computational fluid dynamics (CFD). We compared STJ:An to Doppler-derived and CFD gradients. We reviewed catheterization gradients and the waveforms and analyzed gradient variability. We analyzed 168 echocardiograms in 54 children (58% male, median age at scan 1.2 years, interquartile range [IQR] 0.5 to 3.6, median echocardiograms 2, IQR 1 to 4). Median SVAS peak Doppler gradient was 24 mm Hg (IQR 14 to 46.5). Median SVAS mean Doppler gradient was 11 mm Hg (IQR 6 to 21). Median STJ:An was 0.76 (IQR 0.63 to 0.84). Model 1 underpredicted clinical gradients. Model 2 correlated well with STJ:An through all severity ranges and demonstrated increased pressure recovery distance with decreased STJ:An. The median potential variability in catheterization-derived gradients in a given patient was 14.5 mm Hg (IQR 7.5 to 19.3). SVAS severity in WS can be accurately assessed using STJ:An. CFD predicts clinical data well through all SVAS severity levels. STJ:An is independent of physiologic state and has fewer technical limitations than Doppler echocardiography and catheterization. STJ:An could augment traditional methods in guiding surgical management decisions.
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10
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Isojima T, Yokoya S. Growth in girls with Turner syndrome. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1068128. [PMID: 36714599 PMCID: PMC9877326 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1068128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Turner syndrome (TS) is a chromosomal disorder affecting females characterized by short stature and gonadal dysgenesis. Untreated girls with TS reportedly are approximately 20-cm shorter than normal girls within their respective populations. The growth patterns of girls with TS also differ from those of the general population. They are born a little smaller than the normal population possibly due to a mild developmental delay in the uterus. After birth, their growth velocity declines sharply until 2 years of age, then continues to decline gradually until the pubertal age of normal children and then drops drastically around the pubertal period of normal children because of the lack of a pubertal spurt. After puberty, their growth velocity increases a little because of the lack of epiphyseal closure. A secular trend in height growth has been observed in girls with TS so growth in excess of the secular trend should be used wherever available in evaluating the growth in these girls. Growth hormone (GH) has been used to accelerate growth and is known to increase adult height. Estrogen replacement treatment is also necessary for most girls with TS because of hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. Therefore, both GH therapy and estrogen replacement treatment are essential in girls with TS. An optimal treatment should be determined considering both GH treatment and age-appropriate induction of puberty. In this review, we discuss the growth in girls with TS, including overall growth, pubertal growth, the secular trend, growth-promoting treatment, and sex hormone replacement treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Isojima
- Department of Pediatrics, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- *Correspondence: Tsuyoshi Isojima,
| | - Susumu Yokoya
- Fukushima Global Medical Science Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
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11
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Kozel BA, Barak B, Ae Kim C, Mervis CB, Osborne LR, Porter M, Pober BR. Williams syndrome. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2021; 7:42. [PMID: 34140529 PMCID: PMC9437774 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-021-00276-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Williams syndrome (WS) is a relatively rare microdeletion disorder that occurs in as many as 1:7,500 individuals. WS arises due to the mispairing of low-copy DNA repetitive elements at meiosis. The deletion size is similar across most individuals with WS and leads to the loss of one copy of 25-27 genes on chromosome 7q11.23. The resulting unique disorder affects multiple systems, with cardinal features including but not limited to cardiovascular disease (characteristically stenosis of the great arteries and most notably supravalvar aortic stenosis), a distinctive craniofacial appearance, and a specific cognitive and behavioural profile that includes intellectual disability and hypersociability. Genotype-phenotype evidence is strongest for ELN, the gene encoding elastin, which is responsible for the vascular and connective tissue features of WS, and for the transcription factor genes GTF2I and GTF2IRD1, which are known to affect intellectual ability, social functioning and anxiety. Mounting evidence also ascribes phenotypic consequences to the deletion of BAZ1B, LIMK1, STX1A and MLXIPL, but more work is needed to understand the mechanism by which these deletions contribute to clinical outcomes. The age of diagnosis has fallen in regions of the world where technological advances, such as chromosomal microarray, enable clinicians to make the diagnosis of WS without formally suspecting it, allowing earlier intervention by medical and developmental specialists. Phenotypic variability is considerable for all cardinal features of WS but the specific sources of this variability remain unknown. Further investigation to identify the factors responsible for these differences may lead to mechanism-based rather than symptom-based therapies and should therefore be a high research priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth A. Kozel
- Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - Boaz Barak
- The Sagol School of Neuroscience and The School of Psychological Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Chong Ae Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolyn B. Mervis
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, USA
| | - Lucy R. Osborne
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Melanie Porter
- Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Barbara R. Pober
- Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
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12
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Williams syndrome is a multisystem disorder caused by a microdeletion on chromosome 7q. Throughout infancy, childhood, and adulthood, abnormalities in body composition and in multiple endocrine axes may arise for individuals with Williams syndrome. This review describes the current literature regarding growth, body composition, and endocrine issues in Williams syndrome with recommendations for surveillance and management by the endocrinologist, geneticist, or primary care physician. RECENT FINDINGS In addition to known abnormalities in stature, calcium metabolism, and thyroid function, individuals with Williams syndrome are increasingly recognized to have low bone mineral density, increased body fat, and decreased muscle mass. Furthermore, recent literature identifies a high prevalence of diabetes and obesity starting in adolescence, and, less commonly, a lipedema phenotype in both male and female individuals. Understanding of the mechanisms by which haploinsufficiency of genes in the Williams syndrome-deleted region contributes to the multisystem phenotype of Williams syndrome continues to evolve. SUMMARY Multiple abnormalities in growth, body composition, and endocrine axes may manifest in individuals with Williams syndrome. Individuals with Williams syndrome should have routine surveillance for these issues in either the primary care setting or by an endocrinologist or geneticist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takara L. Stanley
- Pediatric Endocrine Division, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Endocrine Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Aaron Leong
- Endocrine Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Barbara R. Pober
- Genetics Division, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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13
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Pangallo E, Parma B, Mariani M, Cianci P, De Paoli A, Maitz S, Fossati C, Panceri R, Agosti M, Selicorni A. Williams-Beuren Syndrome and celiac disease: A real association? Eur J Med Genet 2020; 63:103999. [PMID: 32622956 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2020.103999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Celiac disease (CD) screening in patients with Williams-Beuren Syndrome (WBS) is suggested, although data described in literature are discordant regarding CD prevalence in WBS. We retrospectively collected data from 101 WBS Italian patients [mean age: 13.5 years], to clarify the CD prevalence in a large cohort. All patients underwent a CD biochemical screening: IgA and anti-transglutaminase reflex antibodies (tTGA). CD-specific HLA typing was available for 42 patients. Small intestinal biopsy was performed in patients according to ESPGHAN guidelines. In 7 WBS patients an overt celiac disease was diagnosed. In 3 patients CD was confirmed by symptoms, HLA-DQ heterodimers and CD specific antibodies title, whereas in 4 patients, it was confirmed by a small intestinal biopsy. CD prevalence in our cohort is 6.9% (7/101). In 42/101 patients the CD-specific HLA typing was available, detecting 29/42 (69%) patients genetically predisposed to CD. The CD prevalence and CD-specific HLA prevalence are both higher than in the general population (p < 0.001; p < 0.001). Our cohort is the most numerous described confirming that the CD risk in WBS patients is significantly greater than in general population. Moreover, our HLA typing results, as well as scientific literature, suggest that the higher CD prevalence in WBS patients might not be intrinsically related to the genetic disease itself but with the higher HLA prevalence. However, HLA typing should be performed in bigger WBS cohorts to confirm this hypothesis. Our data confirms that HLA typing is mandatory in WBS patients and that CD screening should be performed only if genetically predisposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Pangallo
- Department of Pediatric, 'F. Del Ponte' Hospital, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Barbara Parma
- Department of Pediatric, ASST-Lariana, Sant'Anna Hospital, San Fermo Della Battaglia (Como), Italy.
| | - Milena Mariani
- Department of Pediatric, ASST-Lariana, Sant'Anna Hospital, San Fermo Della Battaglia (Como), Italy
| | - Paola Cianci
- Department of Pediatric, ASST-Lariana, Sant'Anna Hospital, San Fermo Della Battaglia (Como), Italy
| | - Anita De Paoli
- Department of Pediatric, ASST-Lariana, Sant'Anna Hospital, San Fermo Della Battaglia (Como), Italy
| | - Silvia Maitz
- Department of Pediatric, Fondazione MBMM San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Chiara Fossati
- Department of Pediatric, Fondazione MBMM San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Roberto Panceri
- Department of Pediatric, Fondazione MBMM San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Massimo Agosti
- Department of Pediatric, 'F. Del Ponte' Hospital, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Angelo Selicorni
- Department of Pediatric, ASST-Lariana, Sant'Anna Hospital, San Fermo Della Battaglia (Como), Italy
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14
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Ivanovski I, Djuric O, Broccoli S, Caraffi SG, Accorsi P, Adam MP, Avela K, Badura-Stronka M, Bayat A, Clayton-Smith J, Cocco I, Cordelli DM, Cuturilo G, Di Pisa V, Dupont Garcia J, Gastaldi R, Giordano L, Guala A, Hoei-Hansen C, Inaba M, Iodice A, Nielsen JEK, Kuburovic V, Lazalde-Medina B, Malbora B, Mizuno S, Moldovan O, Møller RS, Muschke P, Otelli V, Pantaleoni C, Piscopo C, Poch-Olive ML, Prpic I, Marín Reina P, Raviglione F, Ricci E, Scarano E, Simonte G, Smigiel R, Tanteles G, Tarani L, Trimouille A, Valera ET, Schrier Vergano S, Writzl K, Callewaert B, Savasta S, Street ME, Iughetti L, Bernasconi S, Giorgi Rossi P, Garavelli L. Mowat-Wilson syndrome: growth charts. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2020; 15:151. [PMID: 32539836 PMCID: PMC7294656 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-020-01418-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mowat-Wilson syndrome (MWS; OMIM #235730) is a genetic condition caused by heterozygous mutations or deletions of the ZEB2 gene. It is characterized by moderate-severe intellectual disability, epilepsy, Hirschsprung disease and multiple organ malformations of which congenital heart defects and urogenital anomalies are the most frequent ones. To date, a clear description of the physical development of MWS patients does not exist. The aim of this study is to provide up-to-date growth charts specific for infants and children with MWS. Charts for males and females aged from 0 to 16 years were generated using a total of 2865 measurements from 99 MWS patients of different ancestries. All data were collected through extensive collaborations with the Italian MWS association (AIMW) and the MWS Foundation. The GAMLSS package for the R statistical computing software was used to model the growth charts. Height, weight, body mass index (BMI) and head circumference were compared to those from standard international growth charts for healthy children. RESULTS In newborns, weight and length were distributed as in the general population, while head circumference was slightly smaller, with an average below the 30th centile. Up to the age of 7 years, weight and height distribution was shifted to slightly lower values than in the general population; after that, the difference increased further, with 50% of the affected children below the 5th centile of the general population. BMI distribution was similar to that of non-affected children until the age of 7 years, at which point values in MWS children increased with a less steep slope, particularly in males. Microcephaly was sometimes present at birth, but in most cases it developed gradually during infancy; many children had a small head circumference, between the 3rd and the 10th centile, rather than being truly microcephalic (at least 2 SD below the mean). Most patients were of slender build. CONCLUSIONS These charts contribute to the understanding of the natural history of MWS and should assist pediatricians and other caregivers in providing optimal care to MWS individuals who show problems related to physical growth. This is the first study on growth in patients with MWS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Ivanovski
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Mother and Child, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Viale Risorgimento, 80 42123, Reggio Emilia, Italy.,Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Institut für Medizinische Genetik, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Olivera Djuric
- Epidemiology Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.,Center for Environmental, Nutritional and Genetic Epidemiology (CREAGEN), Section of Public Health, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Serena Broccoli
- Epidemiology Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Stefano Giuseppe Caraffi
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Mother and Child, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Viale Risorgimento, 80 42123, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Patrizia Accorsi
- Neuropsychiatric Department, Spedali Civili Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Margaret P Adam
- Division of Genetic Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Kristina Avela
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Allan Bayat
- Institute for Regional Health Service, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine, Danish Epilepsy Centre Dianalund, Dianalund, Denmark
| | - Jill Clayton-Smith
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Health Innovation Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Isabella Cocco
- Neuropsychiatric Department, Spedali Civili Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Duccio Maria Cordelli
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Pediatric Department, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Goran Cuturilo
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,Department of Medical Genetics, University Children's Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Veronica Di Pisa
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Health Innovation Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Juliette Dupont Garcia
- Serviço de Genética Médica, Departamento de Pediatria, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Lucio Giordano
- Neuropsychiatric Department, Spedali Civili Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrea Guala
- SOC Pediatria, Ospedale Castelli, Verbania, Italy
| | | | - Mie Inaba
- Department of Pediatrics, Central Hospital, Aichi Human Service Center, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Alessandro Iodice
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | | | - Vladimir Kuburovic
- Department of Cardiology, Mother and Child Health Care Institute, Belgrade, Serbia.,Skånes universitet sjukhus, Barnkliniken, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Baris Malbora
- Department of Pediatric Hematology & Oncology, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Seiji Mizuno
- Department of Pediatrics, Central Hospital, Aichi Human Service Center, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Oana Moldovan
- Serviço de Genética Médica, Departamento de Pediatria, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rikke S Møller
- Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark.,Institute for Regional Health Services, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Petra Muschke
- Institute for Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | | | - Chiara Pantaleoni
- Developmental Neurology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Carmelo Piscopo
- U.O.S.C. Medical Genetics, A.O.R.N. "A. Cardarelli", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Igor Prpic
- Department of Pediatrics-Child Neurology Service, University Hospital Rijeka, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Purificación Marín Reina
- Dismorphology and Reproductive Genetics, Neonatal Research Group, Health Research Institute Hospital La Fe, University & Polytechnic Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Emilia Ricci
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Pediatric Department, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Emanuela Scarano
- Unit of Pediatrics, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Graziella Simonte
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Mother and Child, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Viale Risorgimento, 80 42123, Reggio Emilia, Italy.,Department of Pediatrics and Medical Sciences, "Vittorio Emanuele" Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Robert Smigiel
- Department of Pediatrics, Division Pediatric Propedeutics and Rare Disorders, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - George Tanteles
- Clinical Genetics Clinic, Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Luigi Tarani
- Department of Pediatrics, University "La Sapienza,", Rome, Italy
| | - Aurelien Trimouille
- CHU de Bordeaux, Service de Génétique Médicale, Bordeaux, France.,INSERM U1211, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Elvis Terci Valera
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Samantha Schrier Vergano
- Department of Pediatrics, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA.,Division of Medical Genetics and Metabolism, Children's Hospital of The King's Daughters, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Karin Writzl
- Clinical Institute of Medical Genetics, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Bert Callewaert
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Salvatore Savasta
- Pediatric Clinic, IRCCS Policlinico "S. Matteo" Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria Elisabeth Street
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Mother and Child, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Iughetti
- Post-graduate School of Pediatrics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of Mother, Children and Adults, Pediatric Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Giorgi Rossi
- Epidemiology Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Livia Garavelli
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Mother and Child, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Viale Risorgimento, 80 42123, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
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15
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de Sousa Lima Strafacci A, Fernandes Camargo J, Bertapelli F, Guerra Júnior G. Growth assessment in children with Williams-Beuren syndrome: a systematic review. J Appl Genet 2020; 61:205-212. [PMID: 32157657 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-020-00551-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Williams-Beuren syndrome (WBS) is a rare genetic disease caused by a sporadic heterozygous microdeletion in 7q11.23. It is characterized by distinctive facial appearance, cardiopathy, short stature, intellectual disability, and endocrine abnormalities. To evaluate the growth pattern of patients with WBS and to identify the prevalence of malnutrition, overweight, and obesity in this population, a systematic review of studies published in English, between 1987 and 2018, was performed following the PRISMA protocol using the PubMed, Cochrane, and BIREME databases. Original articles and articles that evaluated growth status using weight, or height, or head circumference (HC), or body mass index (BMI) of individuals with WBS were included. Case reports, articles with data from other syndromes, and articles that did not present as a central theme the evaluation of growth were not included. WBS presented specific growth pattern, characterized by intrauterine growth restriction, low weight, length, and HC at birth. This global growth delay persisted during childhood and adolescence. BMI was not different to the reference population, and obesity was not observed in childhood. The mechanisms that determine this typical growth pattern are not totally clear; however, the typical pubertal development of these patients and the intrinsic and secondary lesions caused by microdeletion at 7q11.23 seem to be the major factors involved. Conclusion: Patients with WBS have a growth pattern different from the general reference population. The reference charts for normal population should not be used for WBS patients because it often underestimate their growth. Specific growth charts for WBS patients are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda de Sousa Lima Strafacci
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medical Sciences (FCM), State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Fábio Bertapelli
- Laboratory of Growth and Development, Center for Investigation in Pediatrics (CIPED), FCM, UNICAMP, Sao Paulo, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Gil Guerra Júnior
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medical Sciences (FCM), State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Laboratory of Growth and Development, Center for Investigation in Pediatrics (CIPED), FCM, UNICAMP, Sao Paulo, Campinas, Brazil
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16
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Abstract
Context: Childhood obesity is one of the most serious public health problems. The simplest method for the identification of adiposity in children involves measuring height and weight because these metrics are easy to obtain and are not greatly affected by observers. Objective: Body mass index (BMI) has been widely used as a surrogate marker of childhood obesity, particularly after the International Obesity Task Force recommended that BMI is appropriate for the determination of childhood obesity. However, in Japan, the percentage of overweight (POW) is more widely used for evaluating childhood obesity. Methods: This review discusses and summarises the situation in Japan regarding the use of various anthropometric indices for assessing childhood obesity, focusing on POW and BMI and including the situation with disease-specific indices. Results: There are two main reasons why POW is widely used in Japan instead of BMI. One reason is that the Japan Society for the Study of Obesity recommended that POW should be used for evaluating childhood obesity. The other reason is that BMI cut-off values for childhood obesity have not been determined in Japan. Conclusion: Individuals involved in child healthcare in Japan should keep in mind both the merits and drawbacks of various anthropometric indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Isojima
- Department of Pediatrics, Teikyo University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Susumu Yokoya
- Fukushima Global Medical Science Center, Fukushima Medical University , Fukushima , Japan
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17
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Różdżyńska-Świątkowska A, Tylki-Szymańska A. The importance of anthropological methods in the diagnosis of rare diseases. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2019; 32:311-320. [PMID: 30917104 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2018-0433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Most of inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) and rare endocrine-metabolic diseases (REMD) are rare diseases. According to the European Commission on Public Health, a rare disease is defined, based on its prevalence, as one affecting one in 2000 people. Many IEMs affect body stature, cause craniofacial abnormalities, and disturb the developmental process. Therefore, body proportion, dysmorphic characteristics, and morphological parameters must be assessed and closely monitored. This can be achieved only with the help of an anthropologist who has adequate tools. This is why the role of an anthropologist in collaboration with the physician in the diagnostic process is not to be underestimated. Clinical anthropologists contribute to assessing physical development and improve our understanding of the natural history of rare metabolic diseases. This paper presents anthropometric techniques and methods, such as analysis of demographic data, anthropometric parameters at birth, percentile charts, growth patterns, bioimpedance, somatometric profiles, craniofacial profiles, body proportion indices, and mathematical models of growth curves used in certain rare diseases. Contemporary anthropological methods play an important role in the diagnostic process of rare genetic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Tylki-Szymańska
- Department of Pediatric, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
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18
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Yao D, Ji C, Chen W, Li M, Zhao ZY. Physical growth and development characteristics of children with Williams syndrome aged 0-24 months in Zhejiang Province. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2019; 32:233-237. [PMID: 30710484 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2018-0185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background The objective of this study was to evaluate the physical growth and development characteristics of children with Williams syndrome (WS) aged 0-24 months, and provide help for early diagnosis of WS. Methods A total of 32 cases of children (17 males and 15 females) aged 0-24 months who were diagnosed with WS were enrolled between 2008 and 2017. These children were divided into four different groups: 1-6 months (six cases), 7-12 months (eight cases), 12-18 months (nine cases) and 19-24 months (nine cases). Meanwhile, a total of 32 healthy children (17 males and 15 females) were enrolled in the study from the Department of Health Care for physical examination in our hospital as the control group and matched with each divided group. Weight and height were measured, and meanwhile birth weight and height were also asked and recorded. Results There was no statistically significant difference in birth height between the two groups (p>0.05), and birth weight and the height and weight of the children with WS in the four groups were significantly lower than those of the children in the normal control (NC) group (p>0.05). When the corresponding age of WS children was compared to the Nine City Growth Curve Standards in China, 97% of cases were lagging behind in physical growth and development. Conclusions WS children often have the features of early slow physical growth, which provides certain help for the early diagnosis of WS. Therefore, for younger children, facial features combined with an accurate and objective physical growth assessment and ultrasonic cardiogram can greatly improve the screening rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yao
- Department of Pediatric Health Care, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chai Ji
- Department of Pediatric Health Care, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weijun Chen
- Department of Pediatric Health Care, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mingyan Li
- Department of Pediatric Health Care, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zheng-Yan Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Health Care, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Levy-Shraga Y, Gothelf D, Pinchevski-Kadir S, Katz U, Modan-Moses D. Endocrine manifestations in children with Williams-Beuren syndrome. Acta Paediatr 2018; 107:678-684. [PMID: 29266477 DOI: 10.1111/apa.14198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM Endocrine abnormalities in Williams-Beuren syndrome (WBS) include growth retardation, precocious puberty, hypercalcaemia and thyroid disorders. We aimed to characterise these abnormalities in a national cohort of children with WBS. METHODS A retrospective study comprising a national cohort of individuals with WBS in Israel (16 males, 18 females) followed between 2010 and 2016. RESULTS The age at diagnosis of WBS was 1.4 ± 1.0 years. Height standard deviation score (SDS) at last visit was correlated with the midparental height SDS (r = 0.46 p = 0.007). Yet, participants did not reach their midparental height, with a difference of 1.40 ± 0.85SD (p < 0.001). Short stature below the 3rd percentile was found in 14 participants (41%). Mean insulin-like growth factor 1 SDS was low (-0.61 ± 1.64) and was correlated with the mean height SDS (r = 0.63 p = 0.038). Two participants were diagnosed with growth hormone deficiency, and initiation of growth hormone treatment improved their height velocity. A total of eight participants (23.5%) had mild hypercalcaemia, five girls (14.7%) had precocious puberty and five participants (14.7%) had thyroid abnormalities. CONCLUSION Individuals with WBS had a distinct growth pattern consisting of growth restriction at all ages, resulting in final adult height in the low-normal range. Precocious puberty, hypercalcaemia and thyroid abnormalities should be screened for and treated as needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Levy-Shraga
- Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit; The Edmond and Lilly Safra Children's Hospital; Sheba Medical Center; Ramat Gan Israel
- The Sackler School of Medicine; Tel-Aviv University; Tel-Aviv Israel
| | - Doron Gothelf
- The Sackler School of Medicine; Tel-Aviv University; Tel-Aviv Israel
- The Child Psychiatric Unit; Edmond and Lilly Safra Children's Hospital; Sheba Medical Center; Ramat Gan Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience; Tel-Aviv Israel
| | | | - Uriel Katz
- The Sackler School of Medicine; Tel-Aviv University; Tel-Aviv Israel
- Edmond Safra International Congenital Heart Center; Edmond and Lilly Safra Children's Hospital; Sheba Medical Center; Ramat Gan Israel
| | - Dalit Modan-Moses
- Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit; The Edmond and Lilly Safra Children's Hospital; Sheba Medical Center; Ramat Gan Israel
- The Sackler School of Medicine; Tel-Aviv University; Tel-Aviv Israel
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Isojima T, Yokoya S. Development of disease-specific growth charts in Turner syndrome and Noonan syndrome. Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2017; 22:240-246. [PMID: 29301184 PMCID: PMC5769831 DOI: 10.6065/apem.2017.22.4.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Many congenital diseases are associated with growth failure, and patients with these diseases have specific growth patterns. As the growth patterns of affected individuals differ from those of normal populations, it is challenging to detect additional conditions that can influence growth using standard growth charts. Disease-specific growth charts are thus very useful tools and can be helpful for understanding the growth pattern and pathogenesis of congenital diseases. In addition, disease-specific growth charts allow doctors to detect deviations from the usual growth patterns for early diagnosis of an additional condition and can be used to evaluate the effects of growth-promoting treatment for patients. When developing these charts, factors that can affect the reliability of the charts should be considered. These factors include the definition of the disease with growth failure, selection bias in the measurements used to develop the charts, secular trends of the subjects, the numbers of subjects of varying ages and ethnicities, and the statistical method used to develop the charts. In this review, we summarize the development of disease-specific growth charts for Japanese individuals with Turner syndrome and Noonan syndrome and evaluate the efforts to collect unbiased measurements of subjects with these diseases. These charts were the only available disease-specific growth charts of Turner syndrome and Noonan syndrome for Asian populations and were developed using a Japanese population. Therefore, when these charts are adopted for Asian populations other than Japanese, different growth patterns should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Isojima
- Department of Pediatrics, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan,Address for correspondence: Tsuyoshi Isojima, MD, PhD https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0011-0325 Department of Pediatrics, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11- 1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8606, Japan Tel: +81-3-3964-1211 Fax: +81-3-3579-8212 E-mail:
| | - Susumu Yokoya
- Fukushima Global Medical Science Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
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Waxler JL, Guardino C, Feinn RS, Lee H, Pober BR, Stanley TL. Altered body composition, lipedema, and decreased bone density in individuals with Williams syndrome: A preliminary report. Eur J Med Genet 2017; 60:250-256. [PMID: 28254647 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2017.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Waxler
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Cara Guardino
- The Frank H Netter School of Medicine, Quinnipiac University, North Haven, CT, United States
| | - Richard S Feinn
- The Frank H Netter School of Medicine, Quinnipiac University, North Haven, CT, United States
| | - Hang Lee
- Department of Biostatistics, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Barbara R Pober
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Takara L Stanley
- Division of Endocrine, Department of Pediatrics, and Program in Nutritional Metabolism, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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Kirchner RM, Martens MA, Andridge RR. Adaptive Behavior and Development of Infants and Toddlers with Williams Syndrome. Front Psychol 2016; 7:598. [PMID: 27199832 PMCID: PMC4848290 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Williams syndrome (WS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that causes deficits in adaptive behavior, difficulties eating and sleeping, cognitive delays, and delayed development. Although researchers have conducted characterizations of children and adults with WS, less is known about young children with this disorder. This study characterizes the developmental and adaptive behavior features of 16 infants and toddlers with WS aged 3 months – 5 years. Data for this project was obtained from 2007 to 2014, and includes parent report data and standardized developmental testing. Thirty-one percent (31.3%) of parents reported that their infant/toddler with WS had sleeping problems and 58.3% reported feeding difficulties. Levels of adaptive behavior were in the Mildly Delayed range as measured by the Adaptive Behavior Assessment System, Second Edition. Self-care skills such as feeding or dressing oneself were significantly weaker than skills needed to function in the community, such as recognizing his/her home or throwing away trash. The difficulty with self-care skills is hypothesized to be related to the reported difficulties with eating and sleeping. Motor skills were significantly lower than both cognitive and language skills on the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition. The current study highlights the need for early intervention in these young children across all areas of development, particularly in self-care skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca M Kirchner
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, ColumbusOH, USA; Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, ColumbusOH, USA
| | - Marilee A Martens
- Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University at Newark, NewarkOH, USA; Nisonger Center, The Ohio State University, ColumbusOH, USA
| | - Rebecca R Andridge
- Department of Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus OH, USA
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Isojima T, Sakazume S, Hasegawa T, Ogata T, Nakanishi T, Nagai T, Yokoya S. Growth references for Japanese individuals with Noonan syndrome. Pediatr Res 2016; 79:543-8. [PMID: 26650342 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2015.254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Noonan syndrome (NS) is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous syndrome characterized by distinctive facial features, short stature, congenital heart diseases, and other comorbidities. NS-specific growth charts are essential for NS care, but currently no such charts are available for Asian populations. METHODS We conducted a nationwide survey by collaborating with three academic societies in Japan. We obtained the data of 356 clinically diagnosed NS subjects from 20 hospitals. The Lambda-Mu-Sigma method was used for establishing growth charts. RESULTS A total of 308 subjects (males: 159 and females: 149) were analyzed after excluding 48 subjects because of missing auxological data (26 subjects), presence of complications affecting growth (5 subjects), and extreme longitudinal growth aberrations which lay more than three standard deviation scores from the mean in this population (17 subjects). Genetic analyses were performed in 150 patients (48.7%); 103 (68.7%) were reported to have some abnormalities in the known causative genes. Cardiovascular diseases were found in 256 patients (83.1%). The NS-specific height, weight, and BMI charts were constructed with 3,249 mixed longitudinal and cross-sectional measurements. CONCLUSION Growth standards for Japanese individuals with NS were established. These charts are expected to be used in various clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Isojima
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoru Sakazume
- Department of Pediatrics, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Koshigaya, Japan
| | - Tomonobu Hasegawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Ogata
- Department of Pediatrics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Toshio Nakanishi
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, The Heart Institute, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiro Nagai
- Department of Pediatrics, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Koshigaya, Japan
| | - Susumu Yokoya
- Department of Medical Subspecialties, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
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Shukla A, Mandal K, Patil SJ, Kishore Y, Phadke SR, Girisha KM. Co-occurrence of a de novo Williams and 22q11.2 microdeletion syndromes. Am J Med Genet A 2015; 167A:1927-31. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anju Shukla
- Department of Medical Genetics; Kasturba Medical College; Manipal University; Manipal India
| | - Kausik Mandal
- Department of Medical Genetics; Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences; Lucknow India
| | | | - Yougal Kishore
- Department of Medical Genetics; Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences; Lucknow India
| | - Shubha R. Phadke
- Department of Medical Genetics; Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences; Lucknow India
| | - Katta M. Girisha
- Department of Medical Genetics; Kasturba Medical College; Manipal University; Manipal India
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Lee J, Isojima T, Chang MS, Kwun YH, Huh R, Cho SY, Sohn YB, Jin DK. Disease-specific growth charts for Korean infants with Prader-Willi syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2014; 167A:86-94. [PMID: 25339260 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Patients with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) present with short stature and obesity. The growth pattern of children with PWS is different from that of the healthy population. Therefore, it is not appropriate to use normal growth charts to evaluate the growth status of children with PWS. We aimed to develop disease-specific growth charts for height and weight for nongrowth hormone-treated Korean infants with PWS aged between 0 and 36 months and to use these growth charts for the evaluation and management of infants with PWS. We conducted a retrospective review of the medical records of 122 infants with genetically confirmed PWS. Data on the patients' height and weight measurements before they underwent growth hormone treatment were recorded. Disease-specific growth charts were generated and the 3rd, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th, and 97th centiles were calculated using the LMS (refers to λ, μ, and σ, respectively) smoothing procedure for height and weight. The disease-specific growth charts for Korean infants with PWS can be used when examining infants with PWS and when evaluating their growth at later stages for comparison purposes. They are also useful for monitoring growth patterns, nutritional assessments, and recording responses to growth hormone treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Parlak M, Nur BG, Mıhçı E, Durmaz E, Karaüzüm SB, Akcurin S, Bircan İ. Clinical expression of familial Williams-Beuren syndrome in a Turkish family. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2014; 27:153-8. [PMID: 24057591 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2013-0167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Williams-Beuren syndrome (WBS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by distinctive facial features, intellectual disability with a typical neurobehavioral profile, cardiovascular anomalies, and occasional infantile hypercalcemia. Majority of cases occur sporadically, and only a few cases of familial WBS have been reported. Although pre- and post-natal growth retardation is a common clinical feature of the syndrome, growth hormone deficiency is detected only in a few patients. To our knowledge, there has only been one report about familial Williams-Beuren syndrome in the Turkish population. Here, we report on the three molecular cytogenetically confirmed familial Williams-Beuren syndromes detected in a family with familial short stature. The father, daughter, and son analyzed with clinical and laboratory findings, and reasons of the short stature in Williams-Beuren syndrome are discussed through the literature.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to evaluate a panel of different antibody assays, including second-generation antigliadin kits, in a local paediatric population thought to be at risk for coeliac disease (CD). METHODS Seventy-nine children, who tested positive for immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibodies to tissue transglutaminase (TG), underwent duodenal biopsy. At endoscopy, serum was collected from all of the patients, and 9 different coeliac antibody assays were performed, both as isolated assays and in combination. These included immunoglobulin A (IgA) anti-tissue transglutaminase (TGA), and IgA plus IgG anti-deamidated gliadin peptide (DGPAG). A diagnosis of CD was made if the biopsies showed Marsh grade 3 lesions. RESULTS Twenty-four of 79 children had CD confirmed histologically. Only 39 of 79 were positive for Inova TGA, and 35 of 79 were positive for Inova DGPAG. Twenty-four of 39 who were TGA positive and 24 of 35 who were DGPAG positive had confirmed CD on biopsy. There was good correlation between TGA and DGPAG-positive predictive values. None of the modified gliadin tests produced false-negative results, and neither did the TGA. CONCLUSIONS The Inova DGPAG and TGA assays have similar use in predicting CD in a selected paediatric population; however, in children who are positive for TGA when screened for CD, more than half have negative TGA serology when repeat testing is done at the time of biopsy. Those with persistent TGA positivity have only a 61.5% probability of having histologic CD, compared with 68.6% of those children positive for DGPAG.
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28
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van Dommelen P, van Buuren S. Methods to obtain referral criteria in growth monitoring. Stat Methods Med Res 2013; 23:369-89. [DOI: 10.1177/0962280212473301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
An important goal of growth monitoring is to identify genetic disorders, diseases or other conditions that manifest themselves through an abnormal growth. The two main conditions that can be detected by height monitoring are Turner’s syndrome and growth hormone deficiency. Conditions or risk factors that can be detected by monitoring weight or body mass index include hypernatremic dehydration, celiac disease, cystic fibrosis and obesity. Monitoring infant head growth can be used to detect macrocephaly, developmental disorder and ill health in childhood. This paper describes statistical methods to obtain evidence-based referral criteria in growth monitoring. The referral criteria that we discuss are based on either anthropometric measurement(s) at a fixed age using (1) a Centile or a Standard Deviation Score, (2) a Standard Deviation corrected for parental height, (3) a Likelihood Ratio Statistic and (4) an ellipse, or on multiple measurements over time using (5) a growth rate and (6) a growth curve model. We review the potential uses of these methods, and outline their strengths and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula van Dommelen
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, TNO, 2301 CE Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Stef van Buuren
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, TNO, 2301 CE Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Methodology & Statistics, University Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Tarquinio DC, Motil KJ, Hou W, Lee HS, Glaze DG, Skinner SA, Neul JL, Annese F, McNair L, Barrish JO, Geerts SP, Lane JB, Percy AK. Growth failure and outcome in Rett syndrome: specific growth references. Neurology 2012; 79:1653-61. [PMID: 23035069 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e31826e9a70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Prominent growth failure typifies Rett syndrome (RTT). Our aims were to 1) develop RTT growth charts for clinical and research settings, 2) compare growth in children with RTT with that of unaffected children, and 3) compare growth patterns among RTT genotypes and phenotypes. METHODS A cohort of the RTT Rare Diseases Clinical Research Network observational study participants was recruited, and cross-sectional and longitudinal growth data and comprehensive clinical information were collected. A reliability study confirmed interobserver consistency. Reference curves for height, weight, head circumference, and body mass index (BMI), generated using a semiparametric model with goodness-of-fit tests, were compared with normative values using Student's t test adjusted for multiple comparisons. Genotype and phenotype subgroups were compared using analysis of variance and linear regression. RESULTS Growth charts for classic and atypical RTT were created from 9,749 observations of 816 female participants. Mean growth in classic RTT decreased below that for the normative population at 1 month for head circumference, 6 months for weight, and 17 months for length. Mean BMI was similar in those with RTT and the normative population. Pubertal increases in height and weight were absent in classic RTT. Classic RTT was associated with more growth failure than atypical RTT. In classic RTT, poor growth was associated with worse development, higher disease severity, and certain MECP2 mutations (pre-C-terminal truncation, large deletion, T158M, R168X, R255X, and R270X). CONCLUSIONS RTT-specific growth references will allow effective screening for disease and treatment monitoring. Growth failure occurs less frequently in girls with RTT with better development, less morbidity typically associated with RTT, and late truncation mutations.
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Abstract
Ellis-van Creveld (EvC) syndrome is a congenital malformation syndrome with marked growth retardation. In this study, specific growth charts for EvC patients were derived to allow better follow-up of growth and earlier detection of growth patterns unusual for EvC. With the use of 235 observations of 101 EvC patients (49 males, 52 females), growth charts for males and females from 0 to 20 years of age were derived. Longitudinal and cross-sectional data were collected from an earlier review of growth data in EvC, a database of EvC patients, and from recent literature. To model the growth charts, the GAMLSS package for the R statistical program was used. Height of EvC patients was compared to healthy children using Dutch growth charts. Data are presented both on a scale for age and on a scale for the square root of age. Compared to healthy Dutch children, mean height standard deviation score values for male and female EvC patients were -3.1 and -3.0, respectively. The present growth charts should be useful in the follow-up of EvC patients. Most importantly, early detection of growth hormone deficiency, known to occur in EvC, will be facilitated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara R Pober
- Center for Human Genetics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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Isojima T, Yokoya S, Ito J, Horikawa R, Tanaka T. New reference growth charts for Japanese girls with Turner syndrome. Pediatr Int 2009; 51:709-14. [PMID: 19419522 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-200x.2009.02838.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently used growth charts for Japanese girls with Turner syndrome (TS) were constructed with auxological data obtained before the secular trend in growth reached a plateau. These charts were published in 1992 and may no longer be valid for the evaluation of stature and growth in girls with TS in clinical settings. Thus, we need to establish new clinical growth charts. METHODS The samples for analysis were obtained by a retrospective cohort study. A total of 1867 Japanese girls with TS were registered between 1991 and 2004 for growth hormone (GH) treatment and their pretreatment anthropometric measurements were obtained. Reference growth charts were newly constructed using the LMS method from 1447 girls' cross-sectional data after exclusion of measurements derived from those with the presence of puberty, with previous growth-promoting treatment, or without cytogenetic evidence of TS. RESULTS The new clinical reference growth charts differ from the old charts. Secular trends can be detected in both height and weight. Mean adult height on the new chart is 141.2 cm, 3.0 cm taller than the old data. This result seems attributable to the secular trend observed during the same period in Japanese women. CONCLUSIONS The newly constructed clinical reference growth charts for Japanese girls with TS seem to be better for the evaluation of growth in girls with TS born after approximately 1970, although selection bias and some other limitations in the present study should be kept in mind.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Isojima
- Clinical Research Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, Ohkura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.
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Le syndrome de Williams-Beuren : une approche pluridisciplinaire. Arch Pediatr 2009; 16:273-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2008.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2007] [Revised: 08/28/2008] [Accepted: 11/01/2008] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Kirkby J, Welsh L, Lum S, Fawke J, Rowell V, Thomas S, Marlow N, Stocks J. The EPICure study: comparison of pediatric spirometry in community and laboratory settings. Pediatr Pulmonol 2008; 43:1233-41. [PMID: 19009621 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.20950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Accuracy of spirometry testing is a prerequisite for its use as an objective outcome measure in large epidemiological studies. We compared spirometry measurements obtained by trained pediatricians in a variety of school settings with those obtained in the laboratory by respiratory physiologists. METHODS Following a 3-day training course, three pediatricians carried out spirometry in children born extremely preterm (EP) and age matched controls in schools across the UK and Ireland (The EPICure study). A subgroup had repeated measurements in the laboratory. Spirometric flows and volumes were expressed as Z-scores. Bland-Altman analysis was used to calculate within-subject differences. RESULTS Fifty children (40% boys), 37 (74%) of whom were born EP, with a mean age 10.8 years had paired spirometry results (average interval between tests: 20.3 weeks). There was no statistically significant difference between any of the outcome variables: mean (95% CI of difference) in Z-scores [school-laboratory]) being 0.0 (-0.1; 0.1) for FEV(1), 0.1 (-0.1; 0.3) for FVC, -0.1 (-0.3; 0.1) for FEF(25-75), and 0.0 (-0.3; 0.1) for FEV(1)/FVC. Within individuals, the 95% limits of agreement for repeated measures were within +/- 1 Z-score for FEV(1) and FVC, and within +/- 1.5 Z-score for FEF(25-75) and FEV(1)/FVC. CONCLUSION With appropriate training, quality control, and support, pediatric spirometry can reliably be performed outside the lung function laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kirkby
- Portex Anaesthesia, Intensive Therapy, Respiratory Medicine and Respiratory Physiology Unit, UCL, Institute of Child Health, London, UK.
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Tam E, Young EJ, Morris CA, Marshall CR, Loo W, Scherer SW, Mervis CB, Osborne LR. The common inversion of the Williams-Beuren syndrome region at 7q11.23 does not cause clinical symptoms. Am J Med Genet A 2008; 146A:1797-806. [PMID: 18553513 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.32360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Williams-Beuren syndrome (WBS) is caused by a approximately 1.5 million base pair deletion at 7q11.23. A common inversion of the region, WBSinv-1, exists as a polymorphism but was also found in individuals with WBS-like features but no deletion, suggesting it could cause clinical symptoms. We performed a full clinical, developmental and genetic assessment of two previously reported individuals with clinical symptoms and WBSinv-1 but no 7q11.23 deletion. We also examined expression of genes at 7q11.23 in individuals in the general population who have WBSinv-1. We show that individuals with clinical symptoms and WBSinv-1 do not show significant clinical or psychological overlap with individuals with WBS. In addition, a 1.3 Mb duplication of part of the velocardiofacial syndrome region on chromosome 22q11.2 was found in one participant with WBSinv-1 and clinical symptoms. We also demonstrate that individuals with WBSinv-1 show normal expression of genes from the WBS region. These results suggest that WBSinv-1 does not cause clinical symptoms and we advise caution when diagnosing individuals with atypical presentation of rare syndromes. Whole genome analysis may reveal previously unidentified copy number variants that could contribute to syndromic features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Tam
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Abstract
AbstractThe commentaries on our target article, “Psychosis and Autism as Diametrical Disorders of the Social Brain,” reflect the multidisciplinary yet highly fragmented state of current studies of human social cognition. Progress in our understanding of the human social brain must come from studies that integrate across diverse analytic levels, using conceptual frameworks grounded in evolutionary biology.
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Montaño AM, Tomatsu S, Brusius A, Smith M, Orii T. Growth charts for patients affected with Morquio A disease. Am J Med Genet A 2008; 146A:1286-95. [PMID: 18412124 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.32281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Children with Morquio A disease grow poorly and become physically handicapped because of systemic bone disease. The purpose of this study was to describe observed growth patterns and their relationship with the physical condition of patients with Morquio A. In a one-center study, questionnaire-based longitudinal and cross sectional data were used to develop growth curves, to assess physical activity and to determine the incidence of surgical procedures in 354 patients with Morquio A. Mean birth lengths of boys and girls were 52.6 and 52.1 cm, respectively. The mean final heights for males and females at 18 years and older were 122.4 +/- 21.5 and 113.1 +/- 22.6 cm, respectively. These results corresponded to -7.4 SD for males and -7.7 SD for females compared to the normal healthy controls. Mean birth weights for boys and girls were 3.59 +/- 0.58 and 3.5 +/- 0.7 kg, respectively. The mean body mass index for males and females at over 18 years of age was 24.7 +/- 6.1 and 25.6 +/- 5.4 kg/m(2), respectively. The growth pattern in Morquio A patients was characterized by impaired growth velocity after 1 year of age. This is the first report providing growth charts for patients with Morquio A, which can help with monitoring the disease and assessing the clinical efficacy of treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana M Montaño
- Department of Pediatrics, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri 63104, USA
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