1
|
Maier A, Pride NA, Hearps SJC, Shah N, Porter M, North KN, Payne JM. Neuropsychological factors associated with performance on the rey-osterrieth complex figure test in children with neurofibromatosis type 1. Child Neuropsychol 2024; 30:348-359. [PMID: 37038321 DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2023.2199975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Children with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) are at considerable risk for cognitive difficulties, including visuospatial deficits and executive dysfunction. This study aimed to (1) assess the overall performance of children with NF1 on the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test (RCFT) compared to unaffected siblings and (2) examine neuropsychological predictors of RCFT performance in children with NF1. A retrospective clinical audit was performed on neuropsychological records from a multidisciplinary NF1 Clinic in Australia. We searched for children that had completed an assessment between 2000 and 2015 which included the RCFT and other neuropsychological outcomes in this study. These included the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Judgment of Line Orientation (JLO), Tower of London test, Conners ADHD Scales, and the Behavioral Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF). The study population consisted of 191 children with NF1 aged 6-16 years, and 55 unaffected siblings recruited from a separate study. Results revealed that 62% of children with NF1 performed at or below the first percentile on the RCFT copy, which was significantly worse than their unaffected siblings. Visuospatial skills, parent-rated executive abilities, ADHD symptoms, and intellectual skills all predicted poorer performance on the RCFT copy, however the best fitting multiple regression model only contained the JLO, BRIEF Metacognition Index, and chronological age. The JLO emerged as the strongest predictor of RCFT performance. This study provides evidence that visuospatial deficits are a key driver of reduced RCFT performance in NF1 and that executive skills as well as a younger age are also independent predictors of RCFT performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Maier
- The Royal Children's Hospital, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Natalie A Pride
- Kids Neuroscience Centre, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| | - Stephen J C Hearps
- The Royal Children's Hospital, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Critical Care, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nijashree Shah
- School of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Melanie Porter
- School of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kathryn N North
- The Royal Children's Hospital, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jonathan M Payne
- The Royal Children's Hospital, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Briscoe L, Hodge MA, Porter M, Burrell R, Fairbairn N, Fang A, Britton P. Early life parechovirus infection neuropsychological outcomes at 8 years: a cohort study. Child Neuropsychol 2024:1-22. [PMID: 38258280 DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2024.2307664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Human parechovirus (HPeV) is a leading cause of Central Nervous System (CNS) infection in infancy. Despite this, little is known regarding the long-term neuropsychological impacts from HPeV infection. The aim of the present study was to explore the long-term neuropsychological impacts eight-year post-HPeV infection contracted during infancy. This study also aimed to investigate the differential impacts of HPeV itself compared to the effects of secondary meningitis (n = 23) or encephalitis (n = 3) associated with HPeV infection. Thirty-nine HPeV children participated in the study. Children completed performance-based measures of neuropsychological and language functioning (the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence, the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals - Fourth Edition, and the Test of Everyday Attention for Children). Parents completed questionnaire-based measures of emotional, behavioral, and pragmatic language functioning (the Behaviour Rating Inventory of Executive Functioning, the Child Behavior Checklist, and the Social Communication Questionnaire). Results revealed that, overall, children with HPeV were significantly more impaired on measures of selective, sustained, and divided attention compared to normative test populations. The current study incidentally found at least double the prevalence of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in the HPeV sample than what is typical in the normal population, suggesting that HPeV infection during infancy may be a risk factor for the later development of ADHD. Additionally, the presence of secondary meningitis or encephalitis did not relate to poorer neuropsychological outcomes in the current sample. The findings of this study have important implications regarding clinical management for children following HPeV infection in infancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Briscoe
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Melanie Porter
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rebecca Burrell
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Paediatric and Perinatal Infection Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Natalie Fairbairn
- Grace Centre for Newborn Intensive Care, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Amanda Fang
- Discipline of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Philip Britton
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Haebich KM, Pride NA, Collins A, Porter M, Anderson V, Maier A, Darke H, North KN, Payne JM. Understanding nonliteral language abilities in children with neurofibromatosis type 1. Neuropsychology 2023; 37:872-882. [PMID: 37384446 DOI: 10.1037/neu0000916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) is a genetic syndrome that affects cognitive, behavioral, and social development. Nonliteral language (NLL) comprehension has not been examined in children with NF1. This study examined NLL comprehension in children with NF1 and associated neuropsychological correlates. METHOD NLL comprehension was examined in children with NF1 (n = 49) and typically developing (TD) controls (n = 27) aged 4-12 years using a novel NLL task. The task assessed comprehension of sarcasm, metaphor, simile, and literal language. Cognitive (Wechsler Scales Composites or the Woodcock-Johnson Test of Cognitive Abilities Revised scaled scores) and behavioral (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder [ADHD] symptoms) correlates of NLL comprehension in children with NF1 were also examined. RESULTS Children with NF1 demonstrated significantly poorer sarcasm comprehension than TD children and a vulnerability in metaphor comprehension. Simile and literal language comprehension were not significantly different between groups. Working memory difficulties and impulsive/hyperactive ADHD symptoms were associated with a reduced ability to identify sarcasm in NF1, while verbal comprehension, fluid reasoning, and inattentive ADHD symptoms were not. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest children with NF1 experience challenges in understanding complex NLL comprehension, which are related to reduced working memory and increased impulsivity/hyperactivity. This study provides an initial insight into the figurative language abilities of children with NF1, which should be examined in relation to their social difficulties in future studies. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
Collapse
|
4
|
Fynn G, Porter M, Pellicano E. 'Playing a guessing game': Recognising and responding to anxiety in children with intellectual disability. J Appl Res Intellect Disabil 2023; 36:1150-1161. [PMID: 37381992 DOI: 10.1111/jar.13136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with intellectual disability are at greater risk of developing anxiety than the general population. Limited research has examined the challenges associated with recognising and responding to anxiety in children with intellectual disability, and its perceived impact. AIM This study aimed to explore anxiety in children with intellectual disability, from the child and parent perspective to better understand how parents and children recognise and respond to anxiety. METHOD AND PROCEDURES Six children with an intellectual disability (age range: 12-17, four boys) and their mothers participated in a semi-structured interview online. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and interpreted using thematic analysis. OUTCOME AND RESULTS Mothers elaborated on the difficulties with recognising signs of anxiety due to the impact of the child's primary diagnosis and the overlap of symptoms with co-occurring conditions. Mothers and children discussed the 'contagious' effect of anxiety within the household and how this influenced mothers' approaches to managing their child's anxiety. They reported that anxiety limited the meaningful activities in which children and families could engage. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These findings highlight the importance of supporting mothers to recognise their children's anxiety and to assist them with strategies on how best to respond and cope. These findings have implications for future research, and practitioners working in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Fynn
- Macquarie School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Melanie Porter
- Macquarie School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Pellicano
- Macquarie School of Education, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Fynn G, Porter M, Borchard T, Kazzi C, Zhong Q, Campbell L. The effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy for individuals with an intellectual disability and anxiety: a systematic review. J Intellect Disabil Res 2023; 67:816-841. [PMID: 37291991 DOI: 10.1111/jir.13046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Individuals with intellectual disability (ID) are at higher risk of experiencing difficulties with anxiety than the general population. However, there are major barriers for individuals to receive appropriate services. There is a growing understanding of the importance of developing appropriate psychological interventions for this group. The objective of the current review was to systematically evaluate the findings of studies investigating the effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for individuals with ID and anxiety. Another aim was to explore which adaptions to CBT and treatment components were currently being utilised within the field. METHOD The electronic databases of CINAHL, EMBASE, Medline, PsycINFO, Psychology and Behavioural Sciences Collection and Scopus were searched to identify relevant studies. The methodological quality of these studies was assessed using established quality assessment tools by the National Institutes of Health for pre and post studies and case series. RESULTS Nine studies were included in this systematic review, all of which reported improvements in anxiety severity for some participants (25%-100%; N = 60) following CBT. Only three studies reported moderate effect sizes for CBT interventions on anxiety for individuals with ID. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS There is emerging literature supporting the effectiveness of CBT for individuals with mild ID. Findings highlight that CBT for individuals with anxiety and mild ID, including cognitive components, may be feasible and tolerable. While the field is gradually receiving more attention, there are significant methodological flaws present, which limit the conclusions that can be drawn regarding the effectiveness of CBT for individuals with ID. However, there is emerging evidence for techniques such as cognitive restructuring and thought replacement and modifications such as visual aids, modelling and smaller groups based on this review. Future research is warranted to investigate whether individuals with more severe ID can benefit from CBT, as well as further exploring what are the necessary components and modifications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Fynn
- School of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - M Porter
- School of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - T Borchard
- School of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - C Kazzi
- School of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Q Zhong
- School of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - L Campbell
- School of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Jarvis MS, Blackburn J, Hailstone C, Small CL, Dixon C, Rook W, Maniar R, Graham J, Sengar T, Dunn SJ, Tooley L, Blurton E, Mak K, Dunham R, Baker R, Lacey V, Basheer N, Freeman A, Delahunt S, Gurung S, Akhtar N, Parmar R, Whitney D, Shatananda L, Wallengren C, Pilsbury J, Cochran D, Sandur N, Girotra V, Greenwood J, Baines D, Olojede B, Bhat A, Baxendale L, Porter M, Whapples A, Kumar A, Ramamoorthy M, Perry R, Magill L. A survey in the West Midlands of the United Kingdom of current practice in managing hypotension in lower segment caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia. Int J Obstet Anesth 2023; 55:103899. [PMID: 37329691 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2023.103899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal anaesthesia, the most common form of anaesthesia for caesarean section, leads to sympathetic blockade and profound maternal hypotension resulting in adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Hypotension, nausea and vomiting remain common but until the publication of the National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE) 2021 guidance, no national guideline existed on how best to manage maternal hypotension following spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section. A 2017 international consensus statement recommended prophylactic vasopressor administration to maintain a systolic blood pressure of >90% of an accurate pre-spinal value, and to avoid a drop to <80% of this value. This survey aimed to assess regional adherence to these recommendations, the presence of local guidelines for management of hypotension during caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia, and the individual clinician's treatment thresholds for maternal hypotension and tachycardia. METHODS The West Midlands Trainee-led Research in Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Network co-ordinated surveys of obstetric anaesthetic departments and consultant obstetric anaesthetists across 11 National Health Service Trusts in the Midlands, England. RESULTS One-hundred-and-two consultant obstetric anaesthetists returned the survey and 73% of sites had a policy for vasopressor use; 91% used phenylephrine as the first-line drug but a wide range of recommended delivery methods was noted and target blood pressure was only listed in 50% of policies. Significant variation existed in both vasopressor delivery methods and target blood pressures. CONCLUSIONS Although NICE has since recommended prophylactic phenylephrine infusion and a target blood pressure, the previous international consensus statement was not adhered to routinely.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M S Jarvis
- University Hospitals of North Midlands NHS Trust, UK.
| | - J Blackburn
- Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - C Hailstone
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | | | | | - W Rook
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - R Maniar
- Kettering General Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - J Graham
- Worcestershire Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | - T Sengar
- Kettering General Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - S J Dunn
- Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, UK
| | - L Tooley
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - E Blurton
- University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - K Mak
- University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, UK
| | - R Dunham
- Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - R Baker
- The Dudley Group NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | | | | | - A Freeman
- Worcestershire Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | - S Delahunt
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - S Gurung
- University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - N Akhtar
- University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, UK
| | - R Parmar
- Worcestershire Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | - D Whitney
- Worcestershire Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | | | | | - J Pilsbury
- Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | | | - N Sandur
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - V Girotra
- Kettering General Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - J Greenwood
- Worcestershire Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | - D Baines
- Kettering General Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | | | - A Bhat
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - L Baxendale
- University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - M Porter
- University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, UK
| | - A Whapples
- Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - A Kumar
- University Hospitals of North Midlands NHS Trust, UK
| | | | - R Perry
- University of Birmingham, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
McNair M, Porter M, Isaacs T, Pillay K, Williams G, Roberts R, Peter J, Lehloenya RJ. Lichenoid drug eruption in patients on anti-TB therapy in a high HIV prevalence setting. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2023; 27:643-645. [PMID: 37491745 PMCID: PMC10365564 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.23.0162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - M Porter
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences
| | - T Isaacs
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences
| | - K Pillay
- Division of Anatomical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences
| | | | - R Roberts
- Division of Anatomical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences
| | - J Peter
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - R J Lehloenya
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Porter M, Sugden-Lingard S, Brunsdon R, Benson S. Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children with an Early History of Paediatric Acquired Brain Injury. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4361. [PMID: 37445396 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12134361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition that arises from a combination of both genetic and environmental risk factors. There is a lack of research investigating whether early acquired brain injury (ABI) may be a risk factor for ASD. The current study comprehensively reviewed all hospital records at The Brain Injury Service, Kids Rehab at the Children's Hospital at Westmead (Australia) from January 2000 to January 2020. Of the approximately 528 cases, 14 children with paediatric ABI were subsequently given an ASD diagnosis (2.7%). For this ASD sample, the mean age at the time of the ABI was 1.55 years, indicating a high prevalence of early ABI in this diagnostic group. The mean age of ASD diagnosis was, on average, 5 years later than the average ASD diagnosis in the general population. Furthermore, 100% of children had at least one medical comorbidity and 73% had three or more co-occurring DSM-5 diagnoses. Although based on a small data set, results highlight early paediatric ABI as a potential risk factor for ASD and the potential for a delayed ASD diagnosis following early ABI, with comorbidities possibly masking symptoms. This study was limited by its exploratory case series design and small sample size. Nonetheless, this study highlights the need for longitudinal investigation into the efficacy of early screening for ASD symptomatology in children who have sustained an early ABI to maximise potential intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Porter
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Sindella Sugden-Lingard
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Ruth Brunsdon
- Kids Rehab, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, SCHN, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Suzanne Benson
- Kids Rehab, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, SCHN, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Haregu F, Porter M, Dixon J, McCulloch M. Effect of Practice Variation Amongst Organ Procurement Organizations on Pediatric Donor Heart Utilization. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.1244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
|
10
|
Kazzi C, Campbell L, Porter M. Psychological therapies for anxiety in autistic individuals with co-occurring intellectual developmental disorder: A systematic review. Rev J Autism Dev Disord 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s40489-023-00371-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
AbstractThis systematic review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of psychological therapies for anxiety for people with autism and co-occurring intellectual developmental disorder (AUT + IDD). A systematic search identified 13 studies comprising 49 participants with AUT + IDD, aged between 5 and 41 years. Most studies were single-case experimental designs (n = 7) or case studies or case series (n = 4). Studies implemented cognitive behavioural therapy (n = 4) or exposure therapy techniques (n = 9). All studies reported a reduction in anxiety symptoms, as measured by either quantitative measures or defined as participants meeting end of treatment criterion. However, the conclusions are preliminary due to the methodological limitations of the current literature. The implications of these findings, as well as recommendations for future direction in the field, are discussed.
Collapse
|
11
|
Porter M, Gavria P, Reeve J, Green M, Baracz S, Rossi A, Boulton K. Neuroanatomical correlates of social approach in Williams Syndrome and down syndrome. Neuropsychologia 2022; 175:108366. [PMID: 36088994 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2022.108366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Individuals with Williams Syndrome (WS) or Downs Syndrome (DS) are often described as hypersociable, friendly and overly trusting of others. This hypersociability is a major concern for parents/caregivers due to the associated increased risk of exploitation and victimisation. Two brain regions - the amygdala and the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) - have been implicated in driving this hypersociability in WS, and in the general population and have associations with emotional evaluation, threat detection and social motivation. However, there has been little neuroimaging research on this topic, especially in DS, to date. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential neuroanatomical and neuropsychological correlates of hypersociability in WS and DS. Twelve individuals with WS (M = 22 years of age) and eleven individuals with DS (M = 26 years of age) completed a neuropsychological battery of executive functioning and social measures, including informant ratings on an ecologically measure of social approach. Clinical groups and twelve typically developing controls (M = 23 years) underwent a magnetic resonance imaging scan to investigate volumetric differences in the OFC and the amygdala. As expected, WS individuals displayed the highest overall social approach, especially in relation to need to approach strangers and drive to interact with strangers, as well as inappropriate/overfriendly behaviours. Both groups rated similarly in terms of social trust and unconditional positive regard. Emotion recognition abilities were similar across groups, with the DS group displaying some difficulties with negative emotions (especially anger). Inhibition and flexibility were similarly impaired across WS and DS. Compared to neurotypical controls, the DS group showed increased amygdala volumes bilaterally, while the WS group showed an enlarged right medial OFC. Approach ratings were significantly correlated with left amygdala and medial and left lateral OFC volumes in WS, and with these same regions bilaterally in DS. Results provide potential biological explanations for the hypersociability seen in WS and DS. Future research should focus on other potential neural correlates, as well as potential genetic and hormonal contributions to approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Porter
- School of Psychology, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia.
| | - Polina Gavria
- School of Psychology, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Jessica Reeve
- School of Psychology, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Michael Green
- School of Psychology, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Sarah Baracz
- School of Psychology, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Adriana Rossi
- School of Psychology, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Kelsie Boulton
- School of Psychology, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Porter M, Aksit M, Blackman S. 20: Performance of a statistical model in predicting cystic fibrosis–related diabetes (CFRD) utilizing genetic and non-genetic risk factors. J Cyst Fibros 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(21)01445-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
13
|
Porter M, Shadbolt B. Accuracy of standard MRI sequences for meniscal tears and grading of chondral lesions in the knee, relative to knee arthroscopy: A prospective study of 719 cases. J Sci Med Sport 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2021.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
14
|
Miezah D, Porter M, Rossi A, Kazzi C, Batchelor J, Reeve J. Cognitive profile of young children with Williams syndrome. J Intellect Disabil Res 2021; 65:784-794. [PMID: 34096129 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is very little research on the cognitive profile of young children with Williams syndrome (WS). METHOD The present study utilised the Differential Ability Scales - Second Edition to examine the early cognitive abilities of 22 young children with WS (aged 3.98 to 7.70 years, 10 male and 12 female participants). RESULTS Overall, IQ ranged from 38 (severely impaired) to 81.00 (low average). Consistent with Mervis et al. who looked at an older sample, over half (59.08%) of our young WS sample showed a significant and abnormal weakness in spatial ability relative to verbal ability. Moreover, 81.82% showed a significant and clinically unusual weakness in spatial ability relative to nonverbal reasoning ability. At the subtest level, only 4.55% of our sample showed a significant strength in naming vocabulary compared with verbal comprehension, while 13.64% showed a significant weakness in naming vocabulary relative to verbal comprehension. CONCLUSIONS The results of the present study show cognitive heterogeneity, consistent with the literature on older children and adults with WS. There were variable levels of intellect and variable patterns of cognitive strength and weakness across both index and subtest scores. Findings highlight the need for individual assessment and management of young children with WS but also indicate that for the majority of WS individuals spatial skills are indeed an area of significant and abnormal weakness and should be a focus for early intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Miezah
- Psychology Department, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - M Porter
- Psychology Department, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - A Rossi
- Psychology Department, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - C Kazzi
- Psychology Department, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - J Batchelor
- Psychology Department, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - J Reeve
- Psychology Department, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
Williams syndrome (WS) is a relatively rare microdeletion disorder that occurs in as many as 1:7,500 individuals. WS arises due to the mispairing of low-copy DNA repetitive elements at meiosis. The deletion size is similar across most individuals with WS and leads to the loss of one copy of 25-27 genes on chromosome 7q11.23. The resulting unique disorder affects multiple systems, with cardinal features including but not limited to cardiovascular disease (characteristically stenosis of the great arteries and most notably supravalvar aortic stenosis), a distinctive craniofacial appearance, and a specific cognitive and behavioural profile that includes intellectual disability and hypersociability. Genotype-phenotype evidence is strongest for ELN, the gene encoding elastin, which is responsible for the vascular and connective tissue features of WS, and for the transcription factor genes GTF2I and GTF2IRD1, which are known to affect intellectual ability, social functioning and anxiety. Mounting evidence also ascribes phenotypic consequences to the deletion of BAZ1B, LIMK1, STX1A and MLXIPL, but more work is needed to understand the mechanism by which these deletions contribute to clinical outcomes. The age of diagnosis has fallen in regions of the world where technological advances, such as chromosomal microarray, enable clinicians to make the diagnosis of WS without formally suspecting it, allowing earlier intervention by medical and developmental specialists. Phenotypic variability is considerable for all cardinal features of WS but the specific sources of this variability remain unknown. Further investigation to identify the factors responsible for these differences may lead to mechanism-based rather than symptom-based therapies and should therefore be a high research priority.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beth A. Kozel
- Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - Boaz Barak
- The Sagol School of Neuroscience and The School of Psychological Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Chong Ae Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolyn B. Mervis
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, USA
| | - Lucy R. Osborne
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Melanie Porter
- Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Barbara R. Pober
- Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Gibson L, Porter M. Alcohol and Tobacco use While Breastfeeding and Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorder or Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. J Autism Dev Disord 2021; 52:1223-1234. [PMID: 33893938 PMCID: PMC8067780 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-021-05027-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Research has linked prenatal alcohol and tobacco use with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and variably with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Lactational use has been scantly considered. This study examined whether it may alter ADHD or ASD risk. Participants were 5107 infants recruited in 2004 and assessed longitudinally for the Growing Up in Australia Study. Logistic regression did not find any associations between maternal alcohol and tobacco use while breastfeeding and ADHD or ASD diagnosis at ages 6–7 or 10–11 years. Alcohol and tobacco use during lactation may not increase ADHD or ASD risk. Abstaining from alcohol and tobacco, however, may still be the safest option. Analyses were limited by lack of alcohol timing and retrospective variables that future research should address.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louisa Gibson
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Balaclava Road, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia.
| | - Melanie Porter
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Balaclava Road, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Gibson L, Porter M. Maternal drinking and smoking. Can it explain the exceptional academic performance of LBOTE children? A preliminary analysis. BMC Res Notes 2021; 14:141. [PMID: 33863380 PMCID: PMC8052672 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-021-05544-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Although children from language backgrounds other than English (LBOTE) may be disadvantaged in English-reliant exams, they outperform children from an English language background (ELB) on many Australian National Assessment Program–Literacy and Numeracy (NAPLAN) assessments. Maternal alcohol and tobacco use during pregnancy and/or breastfeeding have been associated with poorer cognitive and academic performance. Using data from the Growing Up in Australia Study, this paper aimed to identify demographic, lifestyle, and prenatal and perinatal risk differences related to maternal tobacco and alcohol use between LBOTE and ELB groups, as a first step in trying to understand the academic performance differences. Results Only data from breastfed babies was included in the current analyses. Although LBOTE children were disadvantaged in several demographic areas, their NAPLAN performance was the same or superior to ELB children across all Grade 3 and 5 NAPLAN assessments. The LBOTE group were, however, breastfed for longer, and their mothers smoked fewer cigarettes and drank less alcohol on fewer occasions throughout their pregnancy. The LBOTE mothers also had lower or less risky patterns of alcohol consumption while breastfeeding. The longer breastfeeding duration of LBOTE children combined with lower maternal use of alcohol and cigarettes during pregnancy and/or breastfeeding may partially contribute to their exceptional NAPLAN performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louisa Gibson
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Balaclava Road, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia.
| | - Melanie Porter
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Balaclava Road, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Porter M, Campbell L. Individuals difference in developmental disorders. Res Dev Disabil 2021; 108:103814. [PMID: 33227541 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2020.103814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Porter
- Macquarie University, Psychology Department, Herring Road, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
| | - Linda Campbell
- Macquarie University, Psychology Department, Herring Road, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kostakis I, Röttgers R, Orkney A, Bouman HA, Porter M, Cottier F, Berge J, McKee D. Development of a bio-optical model for the Barents Sea to quantitatively link glider and satellite observations. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2020; 378:20190367. [PMID: 32862821 PMCID: PMC7481666 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2019.0367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
A bio-optical model for the Barents Sea is determined from a set of in situ observations of inherent optical properties (IOPs) and associated biogeochemical analyses. The bio-optical model provides a pathway to convert commonly measured parameters from glider-borne sensors (CTD, optical triplet sensor-chlorophyll and CDOM fluorescence, backscattering coefficients) to bulk spectral IOPs (absorption, attenuation and backscattering). IOPs derived from glider observations are subsequently used to estimate remote sensing reflectance spectra that compare well with coincident satellite observations, providing independent validation of the general applicability of the bio-optical model. Various challenges in the generation of a robust bio-optical model involving dealing with partial and limited quantity datasets and the interpretation of data from the optical triplet sensor are discussed. Establishing this quantitative link between glider-borne and satellite-borne data sources is an important step in integrating these data streams and has wide applicability for current and future integrated autonomous observation systems. This article is part of the theme issue 'The changing Arctic Ocean: consequences for biological communities, biogeochemical processes and ecosystem functioning'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I. Kostakis
- Physics Department, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
- e-mail:
| | - R. Röttgers
- Remote Sensing Department, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Geesthacht, Germany
| | - A. Orkney
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - H. A. Bouman
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - M. Porter
- Scottish Association for Marine Science, Oban, UK
| | - F. Cottier
- Scottish Association for Marine Science, Oban, UK
- Department Arctic and Marine biology, Faculty for Bioscience, Fisheries and Economy, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - J. Berge
- Department Arctic and Marine biology, Faculty for Bioscience, Fisheries and Economy, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Arctic Biology, University Center on Svalbard, Longyearbyen, Norway
- Department of Biology, NTNU AMOS—Center of Autonomous Marine Operations and Systems, Norwegian University of Technology and Science, Trondheim, Norway
| | - D. McKee
- Physics Department, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
- Department Arctic and Marine biology, Faculty for Bioscience, Fisheries and Economy, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Miezah D, Porter M, Batchelor J, Boulton K, Campos Veloso G. Cognitive abilities in Williams syndrome. Res Dev Disabil 2020; 104:103701. [PMID: 32554266 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2020.103701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The current study utilized a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery to investigate cognitive abilities in a sample of 49 WS individuals (25 male) aged 6-39 years. Age effects were also investigated by splitting the sample into child and adult groups. Cognitive heterogeneity was found on the Woodcock Johnson III Tests of Cognitive Abilities, Australian Adaptation (WJ-III COG) (Woodcock, McGrew, & Mather, 2001), with cognitive abilities ranging from profoundly impaired to superior and individualized profiles of strength and weakness varying considerably. Overall, findings supported previous research showing strengths in auditory processing and phonemic awareness. The weakest performance, on average, was in processing speed, attention, delayed associative learning and executive functioning capabilities. Visual-spatial functioning was not a weakness overall, neither was nonverbal reasoning. Chronological age did not relate significantly to cognitive abilities. Findings highlight the need for individual assessment and management of WS individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Miezah
- Psychology Department, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Melanie Porter
- Psychology Department, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.
| | | | - Kelsie Boulton
- Psychology Department, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Jenkins DJ, Baker A, Porter M, Shamsi S, Barton DP. Wild fallow deer (Dama dama) as definitive hosts of Fasciola hepatica (liver fluke) in alpine New South Wales. Aust Vet J 2020; 98:546-549. [PMID: 32743841 DOI: 10.1111/avj.13001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
To determine the extent to which wild deer are contributing in the transmission of Fasciola hepatica (liver fluke) livers from deer shot by hunters, farmers undertaking population control on their farms and vertebrate pest controllers were collected and frozen. The livers were later thawed, sliced and examined for the presence of adult flukes or evidence of past infection. Livers from 19 deer were examined (18 fallow [Dama dama] and one sambar [Rusa unicolor]). Seventeen of the fallow deer were animals collected on farms near Jindabyne, New South Wales. The remaining fallow deer was collected in the Australian Capital Territory and one sambar deer was collected in north-eastern Victoria. Nine of the 17 deer (53%) from the Jindabyne area were either infected with Fasciola hepatica (liver fluke) or had thickened bile ducts indicating past infection. Infection levels in the infected animals varied widely from 3 liver fluke to over 50 per liver. No sign of infection was present in the deer from the Australian Capital Territory or Victoria. Fallow deer are wide-spread in the Jindabyne area and their population is increasing. It is likely their contribution to the maintenance and distribution of F. hepatica to livestock in the Jindabyne area, and in other livestock rearing areas of south-eastern Australia, is important and increasing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D J Jenkins
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, 2678, Australia.,Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation (NSW Department of Primary Industries and Charles Sturt University), Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, 2650, Australia
| | - A Baker
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, 2678, Australia
| | - M Porter
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, 2678, Australia
| | - S Shamsi
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, 2678, Australia.,Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation (NSW Department of Primary Industries and Charles Sturt University), Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, 2650, Australia
| | - D P Barton
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, 2678, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Morss P, Kimball A, Porter M. 445 Diagnostic delay in hidradenitis suppurativa not associated with severity. J Invest Dermatol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.03.453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
23
|
Santillan MR, Savage K, Porter M, Parker R, Simon M, Kimball A. 430 Crohn's disease prevalence prior to and following hidradenitis suppurativa diagnosis. J Invest Dermatol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.03.438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
24
|
Juman S, David T, Gray L, Hamad R, Horton S, Ibrahim M, Khan B, Khazaleh Y, Porter M, Sheikh A, Ho P, Wig S, Mercer L. FRI0649-HPR HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE PRESCRIBING AND OPHTHALMOLOGY SCREENING WITHIN RHEUMATOLOGY DEPARTMENTS IN THE NORTH-WEST OF THE UNITED KINGDOM: A PROSPECTIVE REGIONAL AUDIT. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.1704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is widely used in the management of rheumatoid arthritis and connective tissue disease. The prevalence of retinopathy in patients taking long-term HCQ is approximately 7.5%, increasing to 20-50% after 20 years of therapy. Hydroxychloroquine prescribed at ≤5 mg/kg poses a toxicity risk of <1% up to five years and <2% up to ten years, but increases sharply to almost 20% after 20 years. Risk factors for retinopathy include doses >5mg/kg/day, concomitant tamoxifen or chloroquine use and renal impairment. The UK Royal College of Ophthalmologists (RCOphth) 2018 guidelines for HCQ screening recommend optimal treatment dosage and timing for both baseline and follow-up ophthalmology review for patients on HCQ, with the aim of preventing iatrogenic visual loss. This is similar to recommendations made by the American Academy of Ophthalmology (2016).Objectives:To determine adherence to the RCOphth guidelines for HCQ screening within the Rheumatology departments in the North-West of the UK.Methods:Data for patients established on HCQ and those initiated on HCQ therapy were collected over a 7 week period from 9 Rheumatology departments.Results:473 patients were included of which 56 (12%) were new starters and 417 (88%) were already established on HCQ. 79% of the patients were female, with median ages of 60.5 and 57 years for new and established patients respectively. The median (IQR) weight for new starters was 71 (27.9) kg and for established patients, 74 (24.7) kg.20% of new starters exceeded 5mg/kg daily HCQ dose. 16% were identified as high risk (9% had previously taken chloroquine, 5% had an eGFR <60ml/min/m2and 2% had retinal co-pathology). Of the high-risk group, 44% were taking <5mg/kg. In total, 36% of new starters were referred for a formal baseline Ophthalmology review.In the established patients, 74% were taking ≤5mg/kg/day HCQ dose and 16% were categorized as high risk (10% had an eGFR less than 60ml/min/m2, 3% had previous chloroquine or tamoxifen use and 2% had retinal co-pathology). In the high-risk group, 75% were not referred for spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). 41% of patients established on HCQ for <5 years, and 33% of patients on HCQ for >5 years were not referred for SD-OCT. Reasons for not referring included; awaiting 5 year review, previous screening already performed and optician review advised.Since the introduction of the RCOphth guidelines, 29% patients already established on HCQ had an alteration in the dosage of HCQ in accordance with the guidelines. In the high-risk group, 16% were not on the recommended HCQ dose.Conclusion:This audit demonstrates inconsistencies in adherence to the RCOphth guidelines for HCQ prescribing and ophthalmology screening within Rheumatology departments in the North-West of the UK for both new starters and established patients. Plans to improve this include wider dissemination of the guidelines to Rheumatology departments and strict service level agreements with ophthalmology teams to help optimize HCQ prescribing and screening for retinopathy.Acknowledgments:Drs. S Jones, E MacPhie, A Madan, L Coates & Prof L Teh. Co-1st author, T David.Disclosure of Interests:None declared
Collapse
|
25
|
Gibson L, Porter M. Drinking or smoking while breastfeeding and later developmental health outcomes in children. BMC Res Notes 2020; 13:232. [PMID: 32336274 PMCID: PMC7184702 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-020-05072-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Prenatal intake of alcohol and tobacco have been associated with negative outcomes in children. Consumption of alcohol while breastfeeding has also been associated with dose-dependent decreases in abstract reasoning ability and academic scores in children at later ages. Using longitudinal data from The Growing Up in Australia Study, the current study aimed to investigate whether intake of alcohol or tobacco while breastfeeding was related to later developmental health outcomes in children. Results Multivariable linear regression analyses were performed on a sample of 2008 babies who were actively breastfeeding at study entry and 4679 babies who had been breastfed at any time (actively breastfed babies combined with babies who had been previously breastfed). Only a diagnosis of Autism spectrum disorder and Attention deficit disorder were associated with lower developmental health outcomes. Neither maternal alcohol consumption nor tobacco smoking while breastfeeding were associated with developmental health outcomes at 6–7 years old or 10–11 years old for either sample group. A relationship between maternal consumption of alcohol or tobacco smoking while breastfeeding and later developmental health outcomes in children was not identified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louisa Gibson
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Balaclava Road, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia.
| | - Melanie Porter
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
This systematic review identified empirically supported evidence of effective cognitive intervention for children with Acquired Brain Injury (ABI) and included clinical practice guidelines and recommendations for intervention of attention, memory and executive functioning. Databases included: PsycARTICLES; MEDLINE; PubMed; PsycINFO; PSYCHextra; Ovid; PsychBite; CINAHL and EMBASE. Abstracts and full text articles were reviewed by two independent authors. Articles reporting on a cognitive intervention for children aged 4-19 years with a primary diagnosis of ABI were included. 25 articles were identified by both reviewers (1 00% inter-rater agreement), with the last search conducted in June 201 9. Articles were assigned to one of four categories of primary intervention: (1) Attention and Memory; (2) Executive Functioning; (3) Attention, Memory, and Executive Functioning or (4) Multi-Model Comprehensive Combined Approaches. Articles were critically appraised and level of evidence was determined according to established quality methodology criteria. Of the 25 articles evaluated, nine articles were rated Class 1, eight Class 11, and nine Class 111. One practice standard and one practice option was provided. Key suggestions included using more homogeneous samples in terms of age and injury characteristics (e.g., nature and severity of ABI, age at ABI) and incorporating long-term monitoring of outcome. Interventionalists must consider the dynamic nature of brain and cognitive development and the changing environmental needs of children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shelley Camm
- Psychology Department, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Melanie Porter
- Psychology Department, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Anna Brooks
- Psychology Department, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kelsie Boulton
- Psychology Department, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Jechorek RP, Johnson RL, Agin J, Anderson G, Bennett R, Brown M, Dammann H, DuCloux W, Elems C, Hawryluk T, Hernandez C, Johnson LA, Koschmann C, Lugovaz I, Moon B, Moore S, Porter M, Purvis U, Riva J, Shaw C, Wessinger A. Evaluation of the VIDAS Staph Enterotoxin II (SET 2) Immunoassay Method for the Detection of Staphylococcal Enterotoxins in Selected Foods: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/91.1.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A multilaboratory study was conducted to determine the limit of detection (LOD) of Staphylococcal enterotoxins (SET) in 5 foods. Cooked chicken, ham, potato salad, pasteurized liquid whole milk, and canned mushrooms were each spiked with a different enterotoxin (A, B, C1, D, or E), and tested at 0.25 and 0.5 ng/g SET levels to determine the LOD of the assay for those foods in a collaborative study. Unspiked controls were also included. A total of 19 laboratories representing government and industry participated. In this study, 1674 test portions were analyzed, of which 1638 were used in the statistical analysis. Of the 1638 test portions used in the statistical analysis, 1104 were spiked test portions, of which 1073 were positive by the VIDAS Staph enterotoxin II (SET 2) method. The detection rates at the 0.25 ng/mL level were cooked chicken, 98.2; ham, 99.0; potato salad, 99.1; liquid whole milk, 85.2; and canned mushrooms, 100. The detection rates at the 0.5 ng/mL level were cooked chicken, 97.4; ham, 98.1; potato salad, 100; liquid whole milk, 99.0; and canned mushrooms, 100. The data indicate that the SET 2 method is capable of detecting SET at 0.25 ng/g in cooked chicken, ham, potato salad, and canned mushrooms and at 0.5 ng/g in pasteurized liquid whole milk.
Collapse
|
28
|
Feldsine PT, Lienau AH, Roa NH, Green ST, Braut-Taormina J, Braymen C, Chavey C, Cohen A, Deans A, Delancey S, Elems C, Forgey R, Gonzalez E, Hall V, Huang MCJ, Humes L, Johnson F, Kerdaji K, King J, Kipker L, Lau D, Nogle J, Peters C, Pinkston J, Porter M, Potter L, Rogers S, Stephens J, Skorupa G, Taylor R, Tuncan E, Vought K, Vrana D. Enumeration of Total Coliforms and E. coli in Foods by the SimPlate® Coliform and E. coli Color Indicator Method and Conventional Culture Methods: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/88.5.1318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The relative effectiveness of the SimPlate® Coliform and E. coli Color Indicator (CEc-CI) method was compared to the AOAC 3-tube Most Probable Number (MPN) methods for enumerating and confirming coliforms and Escherichia coli in foods (966.23 and 966.24). In this study, test portions were prepared and analyzed according to the conditions stated in both the AOAC methods and SimPlate directions for use. Six food types were artificially contaminated with coliform bacteria and E. coli: frozen burritos, frozen broccoli, fluid pasteurized milk, whole almond nut meats, cheese, and powdered cake mix. Method comparisons were conducted. Overall, the SimPlate method demonstrated <0.3 log difference for total coliform and E. coli counts compared to the AOAC reference methods for the majority of food types and levels analyzed. In all cases, the repeatability and reproducibility of the SimPlate CEc-CI method were not different from those of the reference methods and in certain cases, were statistically better than those of the AOAC 3-tube MPN methods. These results indicate that the SimPlate CEc-CI method and the reference culture methods are comparable for enumeration of both total coliforms and E. coli in foods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew H Lienau
- BioControl Systems, Inc., 12822 SE 32nd St, Bellevue, WA 98005
| | - Nerie H Roa
- BioControl Systems, Inc., 12822 SE 32nd St, Bellevue, WA 98005
| | - Shannon T Green
- BioControl Systems, Inc., 12822 SE 32nd St, Bellevue, WA 98005
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Lovgren ML, Rajan N, Joss S, Melly L, Porter M. Inherited desmoplastic trichoepitheliomas. Clin Exp Dermatol 2019; 44:e238-e239. [PMID: 30697781 PMCID: PMC6766857 DOI: 10.1111/ced.13876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M-L Lovgren
- Dermatology Department, West Glasgow Ambulatory Care Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Dalnair Street, Yorkhill, Glasgow, G3 8SJ, UK
| | - N Rajan
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - S Joss
- Genetics Department, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - L Melly
- Histopathology Department, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - M Porter
- Dermatology Department, West Glasgow Ambulatory Care Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Dalnair Street, Yorkhill, Glasgow, G3 8SJ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Porter M. NATURALISTIC DRIVING STUDIES FROM CANDRIVE – A LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF OLDER DRIVERS IN CANADA. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.2081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M Porter
- Centre on Aging, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Afshar S, Porter M, Barton B, Stormon M. Intellectual and academic outcomes after pediatric liver transplantation: Relationship with transplant-related factors. Am J Transplant 2018; 18:2229-2237. [PMID: 29745028 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.14924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
As survival rates for pediatric liver transplant continue to increase, research attention is turning toward long-term functional consequences, with particular interest in whether medical and transplant-related factors are implicated in neurocognitive outcomes. The relative importance of different factors is unclear, due to a lack of methodological uniformity, inclusion of differing primary diagnoses, varying transplant policies, and organ availability in different jurisdictions. This cross-sectional, single-site study sought to address various methodological limitations in the literature and the paucity of studies conducted outside of North America and Western Europe by examining the intellectual and academic outcomes of Australian pediatric liver transplant recipients (N = 40). Participants displayed significantly poorer intellectual and mathematical abilities compared with the normative population. Greater time on the transplant waitlist was a significant predictor of poorer verbal intelligence, working memory, mathematical abilities, and reading but only when considering the subgroup of children with biliary atresia. These findings support reducing the time children wait for a transplant as a priority.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soheil Afshar
- Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Melanie Porter
- Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Belinda Barton
- Children's Hospital Education Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michael Stormon
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Although prenatal alcohol and nicotine exposure are associated with reduced cognition in children, associations between consumption of alcohol during lactation and cognition have not been examined. We aimed to examine whether drinking or smoking while breastfeeding lowers children's cognitive scores. We hypothesized that increased drinking or smoking would be associated with dose-dependent cognitive reductions. METHODS Data were sourced from Growing Up in Australia: The Longitudinal Study of Australian Children. Participants were 5107 Australian infants recruited in 2004 and assessed every 2 years. Multivariable linear regression analyses assessed relationships between drinking and smoking habits of breastfeeding mothers and children's Matrix Reasoning, Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-Third Edition and Who Am I? scores at later waves. RESULTS Increased or riskier wave 1 maternal alcohol consumption was associated with reductions in Matrix Reasoning scores at age 6 to 7 years in children who had been breastfed (B = -0.11; SE = 0.03; 95% confidence interval: -0.18 to -0.04; P = .01). This relationship was not evident in infants who had never breastfed (B = -0.02; SE = 0.10; 95% confidence interval = -0.20 to 0.17; P = .87). Smoking during lactation was not associated with any outcome variable. CONCLUSIONS Exposing infants to alcohol through breastmilk may cause dose-dependent reductions in their cognitive abilities. This reduction was observed at age 6 to 7 years but was not sustained at age 10 to 11 years. Although the relationship is small, it may be clinically significant when mothers consume alcohol regularly or binge drink. Further analyses will assess relationships between alcohol consumption or tobacco smoking during lactation and academic, developmental, physical, and behavioral outcomes in children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louisa Gibson
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Melanie Porter
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Gould KL, Porter M, Lyneham HJ, Hudson JL. Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Children With Anxiety and Comorbid Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2018; 57:481-490.e2. [PMID: 29960693 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2018.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) diagnosis (including subtype) predicts response to cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) for anxiety in children and to examine change in ADHD symptoms after treatment of primary anxiety. METHOD A sample of 842 children 5 to 18 years of age received CBT for a primary anxiety disorder. A subsample of 94 children met criteria for comorbid mild-to-moderate ADHD, mostly consisting of predominantly inattentive (n = 61) and combined (n = 27) subtypes. Outcome was defined as response (change in diagnostic severity) and remission (absence of the primary diagnosis) at each time point (after treatment and 3- and/or 6-month follow-up) and analyzed using linear and logistic mixed models. RESULTS Neither ADHD diagnosis nor subtype predicted response or remission rates for children's primary anxiety disorders. Children with ADHD also showed modest yet significant improvements in ADHD symptoms after CBT for anxiety. CONCLUSION The present findings support the suitability of manual-based group-based CBT for anxiety treatment in children with nonprimary ADHD. Further research should examine whether the positive outcomes reported can be extended to children with primary or severe ADHD.
Collapse
|
34
|
Golbari N, Porter M, Kimball A. 569 The patient perspective on psoriasis disease remission. J Invest Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
35
|
Abstract
This study investigated whether individuals with Williams syndrome (WS) can attain a functional level of basic reading skills. The Study also investigated broader cognitive factors associated with reading ability in individuals with WS. Thirty individuals with WS participated in this study (mean chronological age 21 years and mean mental age 7 years 7 months). The results supported our hypotheses that: firstly, reading abilities would be heterogeneous in WS; secondly, at least some WS individuals are capable of achieving a functional basic reading level; and thirdly, on average, WS individuals would find reading of nonwords more difficult than reading of regular and irregular words. Moreover, higher reading ability was found to be associated with increased outcomes in adaptive functioning, in particular, Written and Expressive Communication skills and Community Living skills, highlighting the potential benefits of developing reading abilities in WS. Although Intelligence Quotient (IQ) was related to overall basic reading ability generally, it was not found to be a determining factor in reading subtypes. Several cognitive skills known to be related to reading ability in typically developing individuals were found to be associated with reading performance and reading subtypes. Implications for appropriate reading instruction are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Brawn
- a Psychology Department , Macquarie University , Sydney , Australia
| | - Saskia Kohnen
- a Psychology Department , Macquarie University , Sydney , Australia.,b Centre for Atypical Neurodevelopment , Macquarie University , Sydney , Australia
| | - May Tassabehji
- c Medical Genetics , Univeristy of Manchester , Manchester , England
| | - Melanie Porter
- a Psychology Department , Macquarie University , Sydney , Australia.,b Centre for Atypical Neurodevelopment , Macquarie University , Sydney , Australia
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Sabah SA, Moon JC, Jenkins-Jones S, Morgan CL, Currie CJ, Wilkinson JM, Porter M, Captur G, Henckel J, Chaturvedi N, Kay P, Skinner JA, Hart AJ, Manisty C. The risk of cardiac failure following metal-on-metal hip arthroplasty. Bone Joint J 2018; 100-B:20-27. [PMID: 29305446 PMCID: PMC6424145 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.100b1.bjj-2017-1065.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to determine whether patients with metal-on-metal (MoM) arthroplasties of the hip have an increased risk of cardiac failure compared with those with alternative types of arthroplasties (non-MoM). PATIENTS AND METHODS A linkage study between the National Joint Registry, Hospital Episodes Statistics and records of the Office for National Statistics on deaths was undertaken. Patients who underwent elective total hip arthroplasty between January 2003 and December 2014 with no past history of cardiac failure were included and stratified as having either a MoM (n = 53 529) or a non-MoM (n = 482 247) arthroplasty. The primary outcome measure was the time to an admission to hospital for cardiac failure or death. Analysis was carried out using data from all patients and from those matched by propensity score. RESULTS The risk of cardiac failure was lower in the MoM cohort compared with the non-MoM cohort (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 0.901; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.853 to 0.953). The risk of cardiac failure was similar following matching (aHR 0.909; 95% CI 0.838 to 0.987) and the findings were consistent in subgroup analysis. CONCLUSION The risk of cardiac failure following total hip arthroplasty was not increased in those in whom MoM implants were used, compared with those in whom other types of prostheses were used, in the first seven years after surgery. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B:20-7.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S A Sabah
- Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, Middlesex and University College London, London, UK
| | - J C Moon
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University College London and Barts Heart Centre, London, UK
| | - S Jenkins-Jones
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Sciences, University College London, UK and Global Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Pharmatelligence, Cardiff, UK
| | - C Ll Morgan
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Sciences, University College London, UK and Global Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Pharmatelligence, Cardiff, UK
| | - C J Currie
- Global Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Pharmatelligence, Cardiff, UK and Division of Population Medicine, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - J M Wilkinson
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK and National Joint Registry for England, Wales and Northern Ireland
| | - M Porter
- Centre for Hip Surgery, Wrightington Hospital, Wigan, UK
| | - G Captur
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University College London, UK and Department of Cardiology, Barts Heart Centre, London, UK
| | - J Henckel
- Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, UK and Division of Surgery and Interventional Sciences, University College London, UK
| | - N Chaturvedi
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - P Kay
- Wrightington Hospital, Wigan, UK
| | - J A Skinner
- Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, Middlesex, UK
| | - A J Hart
- Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, Middlesex, UK
| | - C Manisty
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University College London, UK and Department of Cardiology, Barts Heart Centre, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Neal LA, Watson D, Hicks T, Porter M, Hill D. Root cause analysis applied to the investigation of serious untoward incidents in mental health services. Psychiatr bull 2018. [DOI: 10.1192/pb.28.3.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The Department of Health publication Building a Safer NHS for Patients sets out the Government's plans for promoting patient safety (Department of Health, 2001). This follows growing international recognition that health services around the world have underestimated the scale of unintended harm or injury experienced by patients as a result of medical error and adverse events occurring in health care settings. These plans include a commitment to replace the procedures set out in the Department of Health circular HSG(94)27. This guidance details the methods for investigating every homicide (and some suicides) by patients in current or recent contact with specialist mental health services. Part of the process to modernise HSG(94)27 includes a plan to build expertise within the National Health Service (NHS) in the technique of root cause analysis. This investigative process was developed in industry to identify causal or systems factors in serious adverse events.
Collapse
|
38
|
Shugrue N, Porter M, Lambert D, Robison J. CHALLENGES TO SUCCESSFUL TRANSITIONS FROM INSTITUTIONS TO LIVING IN THE COMMUNITY. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.1906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- N.A. Shugrue
- University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut,
| | - M. Porter
- University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut,
| | - D. Lambert
- CT Department of Social Services, Hartford, Connecticut
| | - J.T. Robison
- University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut,
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Porter M, Yasuda M, Foreman R, Hoang M, Manatis-Lornell A, Senna M. 838 Histologic and immunohistochemical evaluation of Lichen Planopilaris and correlation with clinical disease severity. J Invest Dermatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.02.864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
40
|
Lockwood S, Porter M, Kimball A. 346 Addressing the under-treatment of patients with psoriasis - Preliminary survey results. J Invest Dermatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.02.363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
41
|
Pawela C, Brunsdon RK, Williams TA, Porter M, Dale RC, Mohammad SS. The neuropsychological profile of children with basal ganglia encephalitis: a case series. Dev Med Child Neurol 2017; 59:445-448. [PMID: 27991656 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.13351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory basal ganglia encephalitis (BGE) is a rare but distinct entity of putative autoimmune aetiology, with specific basal ganglia inflammation and acute movement disorders. Unlike most brain injuries, BGE is a radiologically pure basal ganglia syndrome. The current study systematically describes the neuropsychological outcomes of four paediatric cases of BGE, and thus the neuropsychological outcomes of focal basal ganglia insult in childhood. Although all patients made significant motor recoveries, all four cases displayed executive dysfunction, fine motor difficulties, and anxiety. Three out of four cases displayed attention deficits. The case who received intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) treatment and steroids during the acute phase of the disease had the best cognitive outcome. These findings highlight the need for detailed neuropsychological assessment and long-term follow-up.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Pawela
- Psychology Department, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ruth K Brunsdon
- Kids Rehab, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Melanie Porter
- Psychology Department, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Russell C Dale
- Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Shekeeb S Mohammad
- Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Jacomb
- Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Australia
| | - Melanie Porter
- Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Australia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Wigg K, Tofts L, Benson S, Porter M. The neuropsychological function of children with achondroplasia. Am J Med Genet A 2016; 170:2882-2888. [PMID: 27605460 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The current observational study had three specific objectives: (i) to document any neuropsychological impairment in a sample of children with achondroplasia; (ii) to explore individual variability; and (iii) to determine the functional impact of any impairments. Fourteen children aged between 6 and 15 years with a medically confirmed diagnosis of achondroplasia (FGFR 3 mutation positive) underwent a comprehensive standardized neuropsychological evaluation. On average, while generally still within normal limits, significantly lower scores compared to standardized means were identified on: Full-scale IQ, verbal IQ, working memory, arithmetic, attention, executive functioning and aspects of day-to-day emotional, social, and behavioral functioning. Clinically significant levels of impairment at a group level were identified on measures of: arithmetic, attention, and executive functioning. There was variability among the group and for most measures scores ranged from impaired to within normal limits. A high percentage of children were impaired on measures of: verbal IQ, attention and executive functioning. Results of this study suggest a need for individual neuropsychological evaluation and monitoring of children with achondroplasia and suggest verbal IQ, arithmetic, attention, and executive functioning are particularly common areas of impairment. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley Wigg
- Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, NSW, Australia
| | - Louise Tofts
- Kids Rehab, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Suzanne Benson
- Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, NSW, Australia.,Kids Rehab, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Melanie Porter
- Kids Rehab, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, NSW, Australia. .,Faculty of Human Sciences, Centre for Research Into Atypical Neurodevelopment, Macquarie University, NSW, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Porter M, Todd A, Zhang L. Ethnicity or cultural group identity of pregnant women in Sydney, Australia: Is country of birth a reliable proxy measure? Women Birth 2016; 29:168-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wombi.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Revised: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
45
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Neurofibromatosis Type I (NF1) is a single gene disorder associated with cognitive and behavioral deficits. While there is clear evidence for poorer social outcomes in NF1, the factors underlying reduced social function are not well understood. This study examined theory of mind (ToM) in children with NF1 and unaffected controls. METHOD ToM was assessed in children with NF1 (n = 26) and unaffected controls (n = 36) aged 4-12 years using a nonverbal picture sequencing task. The task assessed understanding of ToM (unrealized goals, false belief, pretence, intention), while controlling for social script knowledge and physical cause-and-effect reasoning. RESULTS Children with NF1 made significantly more errors than unaffected controls on most ToM stories while demonstrating no difficulty sequencing physical cause-and-effect stories. Performance on the picture sequencing task was not related to lower intellectual function, symptoms of attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), or parent ratings of executive function. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest a generalized ToM deficit in children with NF1 that appears to be independent of general cognitive abilities and ADHD symptoms. The study refines understanding of the clinical presentation of NF1 and identifies psychological constructs that may contribute to the higher prevalence of social dysfunction in children with NF1. (PsycINFO Database Record
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Melanie Porter
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, Macquarie University and ARC Centre for Excellence in Cognition and its Disorders, Macquarie University
| | - Natalie A Pride
- Institute for Neuroscience and Muscle Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead
| | - Kathryn N North
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute and Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Udar N, Porter M, Haigis R, Fabian J, Dunn T, Lee D, Lee D, Gros T, Hasnat F, Lofton-Day C, Jung S, Iyer A. 803 Highly sensitive and multiplexed next-generation sequencing MiSeqDx Extended RAS Panel for FFPE colorectal samples. Eur J Cancer 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)30393-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
47
|
Adriaens D, Praet T, Neutens C, Porter M, De Beule M, McKittrick J, Verhegghe B. Computer modelling and biomimetics for understanding the evolution of tail grasping in seahorses. FASEB J 2015. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.342.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - T. Praet
- (a) Biology, (b) Civil EngineeringGhent UniversityBelgium
| | - C Neutens
- (a) Biology, (b) Civil EngineeringGhent UniversityBelgium
| | - M. Porter
- Mechanical EngineeringClemson UniversityUnited States
| | - M. De Beule
- (a) Biology, (b) Civil EngineeringGhent UniversityBelgium
| | - J. McKittrick
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and MaterialsUniversity of CaliforniaSDUnited States
| | - B Verhegghe
- (a) Biology, (b) Civil EngineeringGhent UniversityBelgium
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Houck MM, McAndrew WP, Porter M, Davies B. A Review of Forensic Science Management Literature. Forensic Sci Rev 2015; 27:53-68. [PMID: 26227138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The science in forensic science has received increased scrutiny in recent years, but interest in how forensic science is managed is a relatively new line of research. This paper summarizes the literature in forensic science management generally from 2009 to 2013, with some recent additions, to provide an overview of the growth of topics, results, and improvements in the management of forensic services in the public and private sectors. This review covers only the last three years or so and a version of this paper was originally produced for the 2013 Interpol Forensic Science Managers Symposium and is available at interpol.int.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M M Houck
- Department of Forensic Science, Consolidated Forensic Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA.
| | - W P McAndrew
- Dahlkemper School of Business, Gannon University, Erie, PA, USA
| | | | - B Davies
- Department of Forensic Science, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Brawn G, Porter M. Adaptive functioning in Williams syndrome and its relation to demographic variables and family environment. Res Dev Disabil 2014; 35:3606-3623. [PMID: 25310713 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2014.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Revised: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed adaptive functioning in children and adults with Williams syndrome. The aims were to: (1) profile adaptive functioning; (2) investigate the relationship between adaptive functions and gender, CA, and IQ; (3) investigate the relationship between levels of adaptive functioning and family environment characteristics. In line with predictions: (1) there was extensive variability in adaptive functions; (2) neither gender nor IQ were significantly related to adaptive skills, but Communication skills and Interpersonal Relationship skills failed to make appropriate gains relative to same aged peers and (3) adaptive functioning was significantly related to family environment. Practical and clinical implications are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Brawn
- Psychology Department, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, NSW, Australia
| | - Melanie Porter
- Psychology Department, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, NSW, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Cognition and its Disorders, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, NSW, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Vito D, Diltz M, Porter M, White P, Luberti A. Symposium highlights and synopses of the scientific program: the Sixth Annual Mid-Atlantic Healthcare Informatics Symposium. Appl Clin Inform 2014; 5:85-91. [PMID: 24734126 DOI: 10.4338/aci-2013-10-ie-0082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
As the bar to actively participate in one's own health is consistently lowered through technology, patients are helping to evolve traditional workflows to make data more accessible at the point of care. This growing trend of patient engagement and personalized medicine was the focus of the 2013 Mid-Atlantic Healthcare Informatics Symposium in Philadelphia, PA on April 26, 2013. The conference, presented annually by the Center for Bio-medical Informatics (CBMi) at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, featured plenary sessions, panel discussions, and paper presentations on a range of topics, including patient engagement and personalized medicine; using data and analytics to optimize patient care; nursing informatics; and the future of biomedical informatics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Vito
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Center for Biomedical Informatics , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - M Diltz
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Center for Biomedical Informatics , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - M Porter
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Center for Biomedical Informatics , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - P White
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Center for Biomedical Informatics , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - A Luberti
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Center for Biomedical Informatics , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| |
Collapse
|