1
|
Haller MJ, Rubin DA, Hitchings MDT. Confronting Health Misinformation Surrounding COVID-19 Vaccines in the State of Florida. J Gen Intern Med 2024; 39:1488-1491. [PMID: 38499724 PMCID: PMC11169097 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-024-08726-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
COVID-19 vaccination is estimated to have averted more than 2.4 million deaths globally. In the United States (U.S.) alone, more than 120,000 deaths and 700,000 hospitalizations are reportedly estimated to have been prevented during the first six months of the vaccine campaign. Despite the overwhelming evidence regarding the safety and efficacy of vaccination, COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy continues to pose a significant threat to public health. Notably, an unexpected source of vaccine misinformation has been the Surgeon General of the State of Florida, Dr. Joseph Ladapo. While both a tenured faculty member of the University of Florida, College of Medicine and the Surgeon General of Florida, Dr. Ladapo has delivered official Florida Department of Health statements regarding COVID-19 vaccines that run contrary to those of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). While tenure is designed to protect those with contrarian views, we believe that the University has an ethical obligation to condemn misleading statements that put public health at risk. Herein, we explore the challenges of managing misinformation disseminated by someone who is simultaneously a tenured professor at a public, state-supported university, and a politically appointed public health official.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Haller
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, Diabetes Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Daniel A Rubin
- Department of Community Health and Family Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Matt D T Hitchings
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health & Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chai Y, Chu RYK, Hu Y, Lam ICH, Cheng FWT, Luo H, Wong MCS, Chan SSM, Chan EWY, Wong ICK, Lai FTT. Association between cumulative exposure periods of flupentixol or any antipsychotics and risk of lung cancer. COMMUNICATIONS MEDICINE 2023; 3:126. [PMID: 37752185 PMCID: PMC10522572 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-023-00364-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preclinical evidence suggests that certain antipsychotic medications may inhibit the development of lung cancer. This study aims to investigate the association between incident lung cancer and different cumulative exposure periods of flupentixol or any antipsychotics. METHODS Using electronic health records from the Hospital Authority in Hong Kong, this nested case-control study included case participants aged 18 years or older with newly diagnosed lung cancer after initiating antipsychotics between January 1, 2003, and August 31, 2022. Each case was matched to up to ten controls of the same sex and age, who were also antipsychotic users. Multivariable conditional logistic regression models were conducted to quantify the association between lung cancer and different cumulative exposure times of flupentixol (0-365 days [ref]; 366-1825 days; 1826+ days) and any antipsychotics (1-365 days [ref]; 366-1825 days; 1826+ days), separately. RESULTS Here we show that among 6435 cases and 64,348 matched controls, 64.06% are males, and 52.98% are aged 65-84 years. Compared to patients with less than 365 days of exposure, those with 366-1825 days of exposure to flupentixol (OR = 0.65 [95% CI, 0.47-0.91]) and any antipsychotics (0.42 [0.38-0.45]) have a lower risk of lung cancer. A decreased risk is observed in patients who have 1826+ days of cumulative use of any antipsychotics (0.54 [0.47-0.60]). CONCLUSIONS A reduced risk of lung cancer is observed in patients with more than one year of exposure to flupentixol or any antipsychotics. Further research on the association between lung cancer and other antipsychotic agents is warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chai
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- The Hong Kong Jockey Club Center for Suicide Research and Prevention, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Rachel Yui Ki Chu
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yuqi Hu
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ivan Chun Hang Lam
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Franco Wing Tak Cheng
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hao Luo
- The Hong Kong Jockey Club Center for Suicide Research and Prevention, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, Faculty of Social Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Sau Po Centre on Ageing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Martin Chi Sang Wong
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sandra Sau Man Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Esther Wai Yin Chan
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health (D24H), Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ian Chi Kei Wong
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health (D24H), Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Francisco Tsz Tsun Lai
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health (D24H), Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Khan UI, Niaz M, Azam I, Hasan Z, Hassan I, Mahmood SF, Ali A. Effectiveness of inactivated COVID-19 vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infections among healthcare personnel in Pakistan: a test-negative case-control study. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e071789. [PMID: 37369396 PMCID: PMC10410856 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-071789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE During the COVID-19 pandemic, several vaccines that were efficacious in randomised controlled trials were authorised for mass vaccination. In developing countries, inactivated vaccines were widely administered. While inactivated vaccines have been deemed effective in reducing disease severity, for healthcare personnel (HCP), effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 infections is essential to reduce the risk to vulnerable patients and ensure a stable healthcare workforce. There are limited studies examining inactivated vaccines' effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) in real-world settings. We estimated the effectiveness of inactivated vaccines (BBIBP-CorV and CoronaVac) against reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR)-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections among HCP in the setting of emerging SARS-CoV-2 VOCs in Pakistan. DESIGN A retrospective matched, test-negative case-control analysis using existing data from an Employee Health database on HCP at a large, private healthcare system in Pakistan. PARTICIPANTS 4599 HCP were tested between 1 April and 30 September 2021. Each case (PCR positive) was matched to two to six controls (PCR negative) by the date of the RT-PCR test (±7 days) to reduce bias. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome was vaccine effectiveness (VE) against SARS-CoV-2 infection. The secondary outcome was VE against symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection. Per cent VE was calculated using (1-OR)*100, with the OR of getting a PCR-confirmed SARS-COV-2 infection estimated using conditional logistic regression, after adjusting for age, gender, work area and history of SARS-CoV-2 infection. RESULTS Inactivated vaccines were ineffective against SARS-CoV-2 infections after receiving the first dose (VE 17%, 95% CI -10, 39; p=0.261). They showed modest effectiveness ≥14 days after the second dose against SARS-CoV-2 infections (VE 30%, 95% CI 7, 48; p=0.015) and symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections (VE 33%, 95% CI 6, 52; p=0.002). CONCLUSIONS Inactivated vaccines show modest effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 infections in the setting of emerging VOCs. This builds a strong case for boosters and/or additional vaccination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahnoor Niaz
- Department of Family Medicine, Dean's Clinical Research Fellowship Program, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Iqbal Azam
- Community Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zahra Hasan
- Pathology, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Imran Hassan
- Family Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Asad Ali
- Paediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu S, Jiang C, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Qiu X, Luo J, Xu Y, Wang J. The effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination against all-cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: the observation during the initial period of the cancellation of the "Dynamic Zero Policy" in mainland China. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2023; 200:110694. [PMID: 37164159 PMCID: PMC10165863 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2023.110694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study aims to assess the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination against all-cause death in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS Subjects were patients with T2DM who were administered by general practitioner (GP). Use electronic exchange platform to obtain the information on COVID-19 vaccination, all-cause deaths and risk factors. Logistic regression models were used to calculate the odd ratio (OR) and 95% CI for the association between COVID-19 vaccination and mortality. The vaccine effectiveness (VE) was calculated as (1- adjusted OR) ×100%. RESULTS A total of 27,156 subjects had 53.81%, 17.65%, and 23.43% coverage for the booster, full, and partial COVID-19 vaccination, reported 328 deaths and a mortality of 1.2%. The adjusted OR (95%CI) was 0.85(0.60-1.21) for those received partial vaccination, 0.31(0.22-0.43) for those received full vaccination, and 0.12(0.08-0.18) for those received booster vaccination, compared to the unvaccinated individuals. The VE (95%CI) was 88.00(82.30-91.80) of booster vaccination, 69.30(56.60-78.30) of full vaccination, and 17.60(-17.10-42.00) of partial vaccination. CONCLUSION COVID-19 vaccination could effectively prevent the all-cause death in patients with T2DM during the omicron variant outbreak period, after the cancellation of the "Dynamic Zero Policy" in mainland China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shijun Liu
- HangZhou Center for Disease Control and prevention, HangZhou, ZheJiang, China.
| | - Caixia Jiang
- HangZhou Center for Disease Control and prevention, HangZhou, ZheJiang, China
| | - Yan Liu
- HangZhou Center for Disease Control and prevention, HangZhou, ZheJiang, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- HangZhou Center for Disease Control and prevention, HangZhou, ZheJiang, China
| | - Xin Qiu
- HangZhou Center for Disease Control and prevention, HangZhou, ZheJiang, China
| | - Jun Luo
- HangZhou Center for Disease Control and prevention, HangZhou, ZheJiang, China
| | - Yuyang Xu
- HangZhou Center for Disease Control and prevention, HangZhou, ZheJiang, China
| | - Jing Wang
- HangZhou Center for Disease Control and prevention, HangZhou, ZheJiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Shi X, Li KQ, Mukherjee B. Current Challenges With the Use of Test-Negative Designs for Modeling COVID-19 Vaccination and Outcomes. Am J Epidemiol 2023; 192:328-333. [PMID: 36446573 PMCID: PMC10372864 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwac203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The widespread testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection has facilitated the use of test-negative designs (TNDs) for modeling coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination and outcomes. Despite the comprehensive literature on TND, the use of TND in COVID-19 studies is relatively new and calls for robust design and analysis to adapt to a rapidly changing and dynamically evolving pandemic and to account for changes in testing and reporting practices. In this commentary, we aim to draw the attention of researchers to COVID-specific challenges in using TND as we are analyzing data amassed over more than two years of the pandemic. We first review when and why TND works and general challenges in TND studies presented in the literature. We then discuss COVID-specific challenges which have not received adequate acknowledgment but may add to the risk of invalid conclusions in TND studies of COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bhramar Mukherjee
- Correspondence to Dr. Bhramar Mukherjee, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 (e-mail: )
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yang D, Weng H, Wang R, Li Y, Zhang H, Shao S, Huang H, Song Y, Chen X, Hou D, Wu Y, Lu X, Yang W, Chen Z, Hu X, Xuan J, Bai C, Wang Y. Evaluation of COVID-19 vaccines in primary prevention against infections and reduction in severity of illness following the outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant in Shanghai. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1079165. [PMID: 36844224 PMCID: PMC9946042 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1079165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To evaluate COVID-19 vaccines in primary prevention against infections and lessen the severity of illness following the most recent outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in Shanghai. Data sources Data from 153,544 COVID-19 patients admitted to the Shanghai "Four-Leaf Clover" Fangcang makeshift shelter hospital were collected using a structured electronic questionnaire, which was then merged with electronic medical records of the hospital. For healthy controls, data on vaccination status and other information were obtained from 228 community-based residents, using the same structured electronic questionnaire. Methods To investigate whether inactivated vaccines were effective in protecting against SARS-CoV-2 virus, we estimated the odds ratio (OR) of the vaccination by comparing cases and matched community-based healthy controls. To evaluate the potential benefits of vaccination in lowering the risk of symptomatic infection (vs. asymptomatic), we estimated the relative risk (RR) of symptomatic infections among diagnosed patients. We also applied multivariate stepwise logistic regression analyses to measure the risk of disease severity (symptomatic vs. asymptomatic and moderate/severe vs. mild) in the COVID-19 patient cohort with vaccination status as an independent variable while controlling for potential confounding factors. Results Of the 153,544 COVID-19 patients included in the analysis, the mean age was 41.59 years and 90,830 were males (59.2%). Of the study cohort, 118,124 patients had been vaccinated (76.9%) and 143,225 were asymptomatic patients (93.3%). Of the 10,319 symptomatic patients, 10,031 (97.2%), 281 (2.7%), and 7 (0.1%) experienced mild, moderate, and severe infections, respectively. Hypertension (8.7%) and diabetes (3.0%) accounted for the majority of comorbidities. There is no evidence that the vaccination helped protect from infections (OR = 0.82, p = 0.613). Vaccination, however, offered a small but significant protection against symptomatic infections (RR = 0.92, p < 0.001) and halved the risk of moderate/severe infections (OR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.37-0.61). Older age (≥60 years) and malignant tumors were significantly associated with moderate/severe infections. Conclusion Inactivated COVID-19 vaccines helped provide small but significant protection against symptomatic infections and halved the risk of moderate/severe illness among symptomatic patients. The vaccination was not effective in blocking the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant community spread.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Yang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Engineer and Technology Research Center of Internet of Things for Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Respiratory Research Institution, Shanghai, China
| | - Huifen Weng
- Shanghai Suvalue Healthcare Scientific Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Wound Trauma Medical Center, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - You Li
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Wound Trauma Medical Center, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Wound Trauma Medical Center, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shifeng Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Wound Trauma Medical Center, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hunan Huang
- Hospital of the People's Liberation Army Joint Logistics Support Force, Yingtan, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yuanlin Song
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Engineer and Technology Research Center of Internet of Things for Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Respiratory Research Institution, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lung Inflammation and Injury, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Engineer and Technology Research Center of Internet of Things for Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Respiratory Research Institution, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongni Hou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Engineer and Technology Research Center of Internet of Things for Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Respiratory Research Institution, Shanghai, China
| | - Yin Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Economic Research Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingwei Lu
- Shanghai Centennial Scientific Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Shanghai Suvalue Healthcare Scientific Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengguo Chen
- Department of Clinical Research Management Office, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohan Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Economic Research Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Xiaohan Hu, ✉
| | - Jianwei Xuan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Economic Research Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China,Jianwei Xuan, ✉
| | - Chunxue Bai
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Engineer and Technology Research Center of Internet of Things for Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Respiratory Research Institution, Shanghai, China,Chunxue Bai, ✉
| | - Yaoli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Wound Trauma Medical Center, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China,Yaoli Wang, ✉
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lau CS, Thundyil J, Oh MLH, Phua SK, Liang YL, Li Y, Huo J, Huang Y, Zhang B, Xu S, Aw TC. Neutralizing and Total/IgG Spike Antibody Responses Following Homologous CoronaVac vs. BNT162b2 Vaccination Up to 90 Days Post-Booster. Antibodies (Basel) 2022; 11:70. [PMID: 36412836 PMCID: PMC9680337 DOI: 10.3390/antib11040070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We documented the total spike antibody (S-Ab), IgG S-Ab and neutralizing antibody (N-Ab) responses of BNT162b2/CoronaVac vaccinees up to 90 days post-booster dose. METHODS We included 32 homologous regimen CoronaVac vaccinees and 136 BNT162b2 mRNA vaccinees. We tested their total S-Ab (Roche), IgG (Abbott) and N-Ab (Snibe) levels at set time points from January 2021 to April 2022. All subjects were deemed to be COVID-19-naïve either via clinical history (CoronaVac vaccinees) or nucleocapsid antibody testing (BNT162b2 vaccinees). RESULTS All antibodies peaked 20-30 days post-inoculation. In BNT162b2 vaccinees, all post-booster antibodies were significantly higher than second-dose peaks. In CoronaVac vaccinees, IgG showed no significant differences between peak third-/second-dose titers (difference of 56.0 BAU/mL, 95% CI of -17.1 to 129, p = 0.0894). The post-vaccination titers of all antibodies in BNT162b2 vaccinees were significantly higher than those in CoronaVac vaccinees at all time points. Post-booster, all antibodies declined in 90 days; the final total/IgG/N-Ab titers were 7536 BAU/mL, 1276 BAU/mL and 12.5 μg/mL in BNT162b2 vaccinees and 646 BAU/mL, 62.4 BAU/mL and 0.44 μg/mL in CoronaVac vaccinees. CONCLUSION The mRNA vaccine generated more robust total S-Ab, IgG and N-Ab responses after the second and third vaccinations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chin Shern Lau
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Changi General Hospital, Singapore 529889, Singapore
| | - John Thundyil
- Medical Affairs, Abbott, Singapore 189352, Singapore
| | - May Lin Helen Oh
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Changi General Hospital, Singapore 529889, Singapore
| | - Soon Kieng Phua
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Changi General Hospital, Singapore 529889, Singapore
| | - Ya Li Liang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Changi General Hospital, Singapore 529889, Singapore
| | - Yanfeng Li
- GenScript Biotech (Singapore) Pte Ltd., Singapore 349248, Singapore
| | - Jianxin Huo
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Yuhan Huang
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Biyan Zhang
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Shengli Xu
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138648, Singapore
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Tar Choon Aw
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Changi General Hospital, Singapore 529889, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Academic Pathology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ranzani OT, Hitchings MDT, de Melo RL, de França GVA, Fernandes CDFR, Lind ML, Torres MSS, Tsuha DH, David LCS, Said RFC, Almiron M, de Oliveira RD, Cummings DAT, Dean NE, Andrews JR, Ko AI, Croda J. Effectiveness of an inactivated Covid-19 vaccine with homologous and heterologous boosters against Omicron in Brazil. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5536. [PMID: 36202800 PMCID: PMC9537178 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33169-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The effectiveness of inactivated vaccines (VE) against symptomatic and severe COVID-19 caused by omicron is unknown. We conducted a nationwide, test-negative, case-control study to estimate VE for homologous and heterologous (BNT162b2) booster doses in adults who received two doses of CoronaVac in Brazil in the Omicron context. Analyzing 1,386,544 matched-pairs, VE against symptomatic disease was 8.6% (95% CI, 5.6-11.5) and 56.8% (95% CI, 56.3-57.3) in the period 8-59 days after receiving a homologous and heterologous booster, respectively. During the same interval, VE against severe Covid-19 was 73.6% (95% CI, 63.9-80.7) and 86.0% (95% CI, 84.5-87.4) after receiving a homologous and heterologous booster, respectively. Waning against severe Covid-19 after 120 days was only observed after a homologous booster. Heterologous booster might be preferable to individuals with completed primary series inactivated vaccine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Otavio T Ranzani
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health, ISGlobal, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- Pulmonary Division, Heart Institute, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Matt D T Hitchings
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health & Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Rosana Leite de Melo
- Secretaria Extraordinária de Enfrentamento à Covid-19, Ministério da Saúde, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | | | | | - Margaret L Lind
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Maria Almiron
- Pan American Health Organization, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | | | - Derek A T Cummings
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Natalie E Dean
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jason R Andrews
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Albert I Ko
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Julio Croda
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Fiocruz Mato Grosso do Sul, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|