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Al-walah MA, Donnelly M, Heron N. Barriers, enablers and motivators of the "I'm an active Hero" physical activity intervention for preschool children: a qualitative study. Front Pediatr 2024; 12:1333173. [PMID: 38357506 PMCID: PMC10864600 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1333173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Insufficient physical activity (PA) in early childhood is linked to adverse health outcomes and a heightened risk of obesity. Successful PA programmes often require input from key stakeholders, such as parents and educators. However, research on stakeholders' perspectives regarding PA programmes for preschool children is limited, impeding effective programme design and implementation. Objectives This study aims to explore the perspectives of key stakeholders to gain insights into the challenges, facilitators, and motivators that influence the planning, execution, and sustainability of the "I'm an Active Hero (IAAH) intervention component," a preschool-based initiative designed to promote PA among young children. Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted in Saudi Arabia with individual preschool principals (n = 2), and focus group discussions were held, respectively, with preschool staff members (n = 4, all female) and parents (4 mothers, 5 fathers). Results A thematic analysis identified four main themes: (1) Barriers to parental involvement in preschool PA interventions, such as time constraints, lack of flexibility, limited space, and a shortage of trained staff; (2) Risks and benefits of children's programme participation; (3) Motivators including rewards, non-financial incentives, and concerns about childhood obesity and a sedentary lifestyle; (4) Facilitating factors for overcoming barriers, including staff training, time reallocation, staff coordination, space optimization, non-financial incentives, and sustaining partnerships. Conclusion This study's findings are crucial for childcare professionals, preschools, education authorities, and policymakers, offering valuable insights for future research. However, further collaboration with key stakeholders is essential to enhance individual attitudes and preschool policies for effective intervention implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mosfer A. Al-walah
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Michael Donnelly
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Neil Heron
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
- School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-Under-Lyme, Staffordshire, England
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2
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Brown JR, Turley CB, Jain R, O'Brien B, Arthur N, Malhotra N, Hunt KJ, Armstrong B, Roberts JR. Primary Care Counseling of Parents Regarding Childhood Screen Media Use. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2023; 62:198-208. [PMID: 35978485 DOI: 10.1177/00099228221118147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Parental beliefs and motivation are instrumental in improving childhood digital media use (DMU). Parents (n = 611) completed questionnaires about childhood DMU assessing knowledge, interest in counseling, motivation to change, self-efficacy, and beliefs. Less than a third correctly recognized screen time limits. Twenty-seven percent received childhood DMU information from a doctor, while 46% stated they would like such information. Only 2% had a doctor-recommended DMU plan. Interest in DMU topics, motivation to improve, and management self-efficacy were moderate. Top negative beliefs were addiction to DMU (52%), sleep problems (39%), obesity (33%), social skills (33%), and inappropriate content (32%). Differences between age categories existed for social (48%, P = .01) and language (14%, P = .01) concerns (highest for toddlers), attention concerns (27%, P = .02; highest in preschoolers), and depression (13%, P < .001) and low self-esteem (8%, P = .04; highest in teens). Findings support further development of approaches to address DMU, tailored by age-specific common parental views.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christine B Turley
- University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA.,Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | | | - Beth O'Brien
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Natalie Arthur
- University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Neha Malhotra
- University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Kelly J Hunt
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Bridget Armstrong
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
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3
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Scheidmeir M, Kubiak T, Luszczynska A, Wendt J, Scheller DA, Meshkovska B, Müller-Stierlin AS, Forberger S, Łobczowska K, Neumann-Podczaska A, Wieczorowska-Tobis K, Zeeb H, Steinacker JM, Woods CB, Lakerveld J. Acceptability of policies targeting dietary behaviours and physical activity: a systematic review of tools and outcomes. Eur J Public Health 2022; 32:iv32-iv49. [PMID: 36444105 PMCID: PMC9897019 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckac053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Successful implementation of health policies require acceptance from the public and policy-makers. This review aimed to identify tools used to assess the acceptability of policies targeting physical activity and dietary behaviour, and examine if acceptability differs depending on characteristics of the policy and of the respondents. METHODS A systematic review (PROSPERO: CRD42021232326) was conducted using three databases (Science Direct, PubMed and Web of Science). RESULTS Of the initial 7780 hits, we included 48 eligible studies (n = 32 on dietary behaviour, n = 11 on physical activity and n = 5 on both), using qualitative and quantitative designs (n = 25 cross-sectional, quantitative; n = 15 qualitative; n = 5 randomized controlled trials; n = 3 mixed-methods design). Acceptability was analysed through online surveys (n = 24), interviews (n = 10), focus groups (n = 10), retrospective textual analysis (n = 3) and a taste-test experiment (n = 1). Notably, only 3 (out of 48) studies applied a theoretical foundation for their assessment. Less intrusive policies such as food labels and policies in a later stage of the implementation process received higher levels of acceptability. Women, older participants and respondents who rated policies as appropriate and effective showed the highest levels of acceptability. CONCLUSION Highly intrusive policies such as taxations or restrictions are the least accepted when first implemented, but respondents' confidence in the relevance and effectiveness of the policy may boost acceptability over the course of implementation. Studies using validated tools and a theoretical foundation are needed to further examine opportunities to increase acceptability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Scheidmeir
- Correspondence: Marie Scheidmeir, Department of Health Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Binger Str. 14-16, 55122 Mainz, Germany, Tel: +49 6131 39 39 132, e-mail:
| | - Thomas Kubiak
- Department of Health Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Aleksandra Luszczynska
- Department of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, CARE-BEH Center for Applied Research on Health Behavior and Health, Wroclaw, Poland,Melbourne Centre for Behavior Change, Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Janine Wendt
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sports- and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Daniel A Scheller
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sports- and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Biljana Meshkovska
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (UiO-PHN), University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Sarah Forberger
- Department of Prevention and Evaluation, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology—BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Karolina Łobczowska
- Department of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, CARE-BEH Center for Applied Research on Health Behavior and Health, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Hajo Zeeb
- Department of Prevention and Evaluation, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology—BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Jürgen M Steinacker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sports- and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Catherine B Woods
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Physical Activity for Health, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Jeroen Lakerveld
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Upstream Team, www.upstreamteam.nl, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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4
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Dos Santos RS, de Lima Barreto AOO, da Silva MCCPB, Sá Nogueira HOV, Peres RT, Ribeiro MG, Ferreira HC. Agreement Between Alberta Infant Motor Scale Assessment and Maternal Perception of Motor Development in Full-Term Infants. Dev Neurorehabil 2022; 25:417-425. [PMID: 35306953 DOI: 10.1080/17518423.2022.2052373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To verify the agreement between the Alberta Infant Motor Scale assessment and maternal perception of the motor development in full-term infants. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study involving 161 infants and mothers. Children were assessed with the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) for motor developmental classification. Mothers completed questionnaires aiming to identify maternal profiles and impressions about their children's development. The kappa test was used to analyze the concordance between AIMS and mother perceptions. RESULTS A total of 83.2% of the sample was classified as typically developing and 16.8% as suspected or delayed development. The maternal impression indicates that 77% of infants are developing typically, 19.9% perceived their infants' development as advanced, and 3.1% delayed development. There was low agreement between the mothers' perceptions and AIMS classifications (kappa = 0.153). CONCLUSIONS Maternal perception of their infant's development was unsatisfactory for evaluation of motor development because their perceptions did not agree with the findings of the AIMS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Rodrigo Tosta Peres
- Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica Celso Suckow da Fonseca do Rio de Janeiro (CEFET), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Hammersley ML, Wyse RJ, Jones RA, Okely AD, Wolfenden L, Eckermann S, Xu J, Green A, Stacey F, Yoong SL, Jackson J, Innes-Hughes C, Li V, Rissel C. Telephone and Web-Based Delivery of Healthy Eating and Active Living Interventions for Parents of Children Aged 2 to 6 Years: Mixed Methods Process Evaluation of the Time for Healthy Habits Translation Trial. J Med Internet Res 2022; 24:e35771. [PMID: 35616994 PMCID: PMC9185338 DOI: 10.2196/35771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Few translational trials have provided detailed reports of process evaluation results. Objective This study reported on findings from a mixed methods process evaluation of a large translational trial comparing 2 remotely delivered healthy eating and active living interventions with an active control, targeting parents of young children. Methods Mixed methods process evaluation data were collected as part of a 3-arm, partially randomized preference trial targeting parents of children aged 2 to 6 years from New South Wales, Australia. Recruitment strategies were assessed through the participant baseline questionnaire and a questionnaire completed by the health promotion staff involved in recruitment. Data on participants’ intervention preferences were collected at baseline and after the intervention. Intervention acceptability and demographic data were collected via a postintervention questionnaire (approximately 3 months after baseline), which was supplemented by qualitative participant interviews. Implementation data on intervention fidelity and withdrawal were also recorded. Differences in intervention acceptability, fidelity, and withdrawal rates between telephone and web-based interventions and between randomized and nonrandomized participants were analyzed. The significance level was set at P<.05 for all tests. The interview content was analyzed, key themes were drawn from participant responses, and findings were described narratively. Results Data were collected from 458 participants in the baseline survey and 144 (31.4%) participants in the 3-month postintervention survey. A total of 30 participants completed the qualitative interviews. A total of 6 health promotion staff members participated in the survey on recruitment strategies. Most participants were recruited from Early Childhood Education and Care services. There was a broad reach of the study; however, better take-up rates were observed in regional and rural areas compared with metropolitan areas. Parents with a university education were overrepresented. Most participants preferred the web-based medium of delivery at baseline. There was high acceptability of the web-based and telephone interventions. Participants found the healthy eating content to be the most useful component of the modules (web-based) and calls (telephone). They regarded text (web-based) or verbal (telephone) information as the most useful component. A high proportion of participants completed the telephone intervention compared with the web-based intervention; however, more participants actively withdrew from the telephone intervention. Conclusions This is one of the first studies to comprehensively report on process evaluation data from a translation trial, which demonstrated high acceptability of all interventions but a strong participant preference for the web-based intervention. This detailed process evaluation is critical to inform further implementation and be considered alongside the effectiveness outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan L Hammersley
- Early Start, Faculty of the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia.,Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, Australia.,School of Health and Society, Faculty of the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Rebecca J Wyse
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.,Hunter New England Population Health, Wallsend, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Health Behaviour, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Rachel A Jones
- Early Start, Faculty of the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia.,Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, Australia.,School of Education, Faculty of the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Anthony D Okely
- Early Start, Faculty of the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia.,Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, Australia.,School of Health and Society, Faculty of the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Luke Wolfenden
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.,Hunter New England Population Health, Wallsend, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Health Behaviour, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Simon Eckermann
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, Australia.,School of Health and Society, Faculty of the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Joe Xu
- Centre for Population Health, New South Wales Ministry of Health, St Leonards, Sydney, Australia
| | - Amanda Green
- Centre for Population Health, New South Wales Ministry of Health, St Leonards, Sydney, Australia
| | - Fiona Stacey
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.,Hunter New England Population Health, Wallsend, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Health Behaviour, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Sze Lin Yoong
- School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jacklyn Jackson
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.,Hunter New England Population Health, Wallsend, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Health Behaviour, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Christine Innes-Hughes
- Centre for Population Health, New South Wales Ministry of Health, St Leonards, Sydney, Australia
| | - Vincy Li
- Health Consult, Sydney, Australia
| | - Chris Rissel
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Darwin, Australia
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6
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Perceptions of physical activity and sedentary behaviour guidelines among end-users and stakeholders: a systematic review. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2022; 19:21. [PMID: 35236360 PMCID: PMC8889734 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-022-01245-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many of the world’s population, across all age groups and abilities, are not meeting or even aware of internationally recommended physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) guidelines. In order to enhance awareness and uptake, guidelines should be perceived positively by targeted users. The purpose of this study was to review the literature on end-user and stakeholder perceptions of PA and SB guidelines. Methods The electronic databases APA PsycInfo, CINAHL, MEDLINE, and SPORTDiscus, using EBSCOhost Research Platform, and Web of Science were searched from inception to June, 2021 with keyword synonyms for “perceptions”, “PA guidelines”, and “SB guidelines”. Studies of any design that collected stakeholder and/or end-user responses to a PA and/or SB guideline were included and assessed for risk of bias. The PA and/or SB guideline could be any type of official form (e.g., national documents, organizational guidelines, expert consensus statements, etc.) from any country, that targets individuals at the regional, provincial/statewide, national, or international level, and includes all types of guidelines (e.g., strength, aerobic, clinical, nonclinical, screen-time, sitting, etc.). Data were extracted and analyzed using thematic synthesis. Results After screening 1399 abstracts and applying citation screening, 304 full-texts were retrieved. A total of 31 articles met the inclusion criteria. End-users and stakeholders for PA guidelines across all age groups expressed the need for simplified language with more definitions, relatable examples and imagery, and quantification of PA behaviours. There was concern for the early years and child PA guidelines leading to guilt amongst parents and the SB guidelines, particularly the recommendations to limit screen-time, being unrealistic. General age group PA guidelines were not perceived as usable to populations with differing abilities, clinical conditions, and socioeconomic status. Guidelines that targeted clinical populations, such as persons with multiple sclerosis and persons with spinal cord injury, were well received. Conclusions There is a clear need to balance the evidence base with the pragmatic needs of translation and uptake so that the guidelines are not ignored or act as a barrier to actual engagement. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12966-022-01245-9.
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7
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Perceptions of the South African 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Birth to 5 Years: A Qualitative Study. J Phys Act Health 2022; 19:4-11. [PMID: 34883465 PMCID: PMC7613937 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2021-0483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND South Africa launched 24-hour movement guidelines for birth to 5 years in 2018. Perceptions of these guidelines were assessed as part of the dissemination process with community-based organizations in 2019. METHODS Fifteen dissemination workshops were held with community-based organization representatives and a range of stakeholders. Discussions were held with workshop attendees (n = 281) to obtain qualitative feedback on the guidelines and workshop. Six follow-up focus groups (n = 28) were conducted to obtain additional feedback on the guidelines and their dissemination. Discussions and focus groups were thematically analyzed. RESULTS Participants recognized the importance of the guidelines for the health and development of young South African children. Participants' perceptions of the guidelines were consistently positive. The participants acknowledged the alignment of the guidelines with other South African programs and initiatives, and that they addressed gaps. Screen time and sleep were identified as the behaviors needing particular attention among young South African children. The negative impact of COVID-19 on young children's movement behaviors was acknowledged, especially regarding screen time. CONCLUSION These findings provide evidence of stakeholders' positive perceptions of the South African guidelines and support the dissemination and implementation of these guidelines for the promotion of early childhood health and development in South Africa.
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8
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Larocca V, Arbour-Nicitopoulos KP, Tomasone JR, Latimer-Cheung AE, Bassett-Gunter RL. Developing and Disseminating Physical Activity Messages Targeting Parents: A Systematic Scoping Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:7046. [PMID: 34280983 PMCID: PMC8297273 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18137046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) messages have demonstrated success in targeting parent support for PA. However, little research exists to inform the development and dissemination of optimally effective PA messages targeting parents. A synthesis of existing literature is necessary to inform message development and dissemination strategies. Unique considerations for parents of children with disabilities (CWD) should be identified given a need for inclusive PA messaging that consider the needs of CWD and their families. METHODS Systematic scoping methodologies included a peer-reviewed literature search and expert consultation to identify literature regarding PA messages targeting parents, and considerations for parents of CWD. RESULTS Thirty-four articles that met eligibility criteria were included for examination. Twenty-eight studies were identified regarding the PA messages targeting parents; six themes and 12 subthemes emerged from these articles. Six studies were identified regarding unique considerations for parents of CWD; three themes and four subthemes emerged from these articles. CONCLUSIONS Through knowledge synthesis, this research can contribute to a knowledge translation process to inform practice guidelines for the development and dissemination of PA messages targeting parents, while also providing unique considerations for PA messages targeting parents of CWD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Larocca
- School of Kinesiology & Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada;
| | | | - Jennifer R. Tomasone
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada; (J.R.T.); (A.E.L.-C.)
| | - Amy E. Latimer-Cheung
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada; (J.R.T.); (A.E.L.-C.)
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9
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Nobles J, Thomas C, Banks Gross Z, Hamilton M, Trinder-Widdess Z, Speed C, Gibson A, Davies R, Farr M, Jago R, Foster C, Redwood S. "Let's Talk about Physical Activity": Understanding the Preferences of Under-Served Communities when Messaging Physical Activity Guidelines to the Public. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17082782. [PMID: 32316591 PMCID: PMC7215851 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17082782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite many countries having physical activity guidelines, there have been few concerted efforts to mobilize this information to the public. The aim of this study was to understand the preferences of under-served community groups about how the benefits of physical activity, and associated guidelines, can be better communicated to the public. Participatory workshops, co-developed between researchers, a local charity, and a community artist, were used to gather data from four groups in Bristol, UK: young people (n = 17); adults (n = 11); older adults (n = 5); and Somali women (n = 15). Workshop content was structured around the study aims. The community artist and/or the local charity delivered the workshops, with researchers gathering data via observation, photos, and audio-recordings, which were analysed using the framework method. All four groups noted that the benefits of physical activity should be included within any communications efforts, though not restricted to health-related benefits. Language used should be simple and jargon-free; terms such as "sedentary", "vigorous" and "intensity" were deemed inaccessible, however all groups liked the message "some is good, more is better". Views about preferred mechanisms, and messenger, for delivering physical activity messages varied both between, and within, groups. Recommendations for those working in physical activity communications, research, and policy are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Nobles
- The National Institute for Health Research Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West), University Hospitals Bristol National Health Service Foundation Trust, Bristol BS1 3NU, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK
- Correspondence:
| | - Clare Thomas
- The National Institute for Health Research Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West), University Hospitals Bristol National Health Service Foundation Trust, Bristol BS1 3NU, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK
| | | | | | - Zoe Trinder-Widdess
- The National Institute for Health Research Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West), University Hospitals Bristol National Health Service Foundation Trust, Bristol BS1 3NU, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK
| | - Christopher Speed
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK
| | - Andy Gibson
- The National Institute for Health Research Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West), University Hospitals Bristol National Health Service Foundation Trust, Bristol BS1 3NU, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK
- Department of Health and Social Sciences, Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK
| | - Rosie Davies
- The National Institute for Health Research Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West), University Hospitals Bristol National Health Service Foundation Trust, Bristol BS1 3NU, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK
- Department of Health and Social Sciences, Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK
| | - Michelle Farr
- The National Institute for Health Research Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West), University Hospitals Bristol National Health Service Foundation Trust, Bristol BS1 3NU, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK
| | - Russell Jago
- The National Institute for Health Research Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West), University Hospitals Bristol National Health Service Foundation Trust, Bristol BS1 3NU, UK
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK
| | - Charlie Foster
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK
| | - Sabi Redwood
- The National Institute for Health Research Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West), University Hospitals Bristol National Health Service Foundation Trust, Bristol BS1 3NU, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK
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10
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Ekambareshwar M, Taki S, Mihrshahi S, Baur LA, Rissel C, Wen LM. Participant Experiences of an Infant Obesity Prevention Program Delivered via Telephone Calls or Text Messages. Healthcare (Basel) 2020; 8:E60. [PMID: 32188139 PMCID: PMC7151095 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare8010060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A 3-arm randomised controlled trial implemented in 2017, recruited participants from four Local Health Districts (LHDs) in New South Wales (NSW) to test an early obesity prevention program delivered via telephone calls (telephone) or text messages (SMS). This sub-study explored participants' experience and satisfaction with the program. A multimethod design was used. Quantitative satisfaction questions were completed by participants when their child was six-months old. A purposive sample of participants with varying satisfaction levels was invited for in-depth qualitative interviews. Data were analysed using Excel (quantitative) and inductive thematic analysis (qualitative). Of the 1155 participants recruited: 947 (293 telephone; 338 SMS; 316 control) completed the six-month survey; 34 (14 telephone; 13 SMS; 7 control) were interviewed. Participants' overall program satisfaction was 100% (telephone) and 85% (SMS). Participants' qualitative responses demonstrated appreciation of: personalised stage-based information; opportunity to communicate with health professionals (telephone); linked Healthy Beginnings booklets and SMS mostly as nudges (SMS). There is a clear need for stage-based information, and supplemented modes of delivery i.e., text messages along with telephone calls; with text messages solely seen as nudges or reminders. However, individual preferences vary according to information needs at any given time, time constraints on new mothers and hence, multiple modes of information provision are recommended in order to reach a wider population and for better engagement. Choice and flexibility in mode of delivery has the potential to provide equitable access to information, empowering women with infants to practice recommended health behaviours for infant obesity prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahalakshmi Ekambareshwar
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in the Early Prevention of Obesity in Childhood, The University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, Australia
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Charles Perkins Centre, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, Australia
| | - Sarah Taki
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in the Early Prevention of Obesity in Childhood, The University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, Australia
- Health Promotion Unit, Sydney Local Health District, Camperdown 2050, Australia
| | - Seema Mihrshahi
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in the Early Prevention of Obesity in Childhood, The University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, Australia
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Charles Perkins Centre, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, Australia
| | - Louise A. Baur
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in the Early Prevention of Obesity in Childhood, The University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, Australia
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Charles Perkins Centre, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, Australia
| | - Chris Rissel
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in the Early Prevention of Obesity in Childhood, The University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, Australia
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Charles Perkins Centre, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, Australia
- New South Wales Office of Preventive Health, Ministry of Health, Liverpool 2170, Australia
| | - Li Ming Wen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in the Early Prevention of Obesity in Childhood, The University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, Australia
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Charles Perkins Centre, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, Australia
- Health Promotion Unit, Sydney Local Health District, Camperdown 2050, Australia
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11
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Fuller AB, Byrne RA, Golley RK, Trost SG. Supporting healthy lifestyle behaviours in families attending community playgroups: parents' perceptions of facilitators and barriers. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:1740. [PMID: 31881955 PMCID: PMC6935103 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-8041-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Establishing healthy nutrition, activity, and sleep behaviours early in life is a key strategy in childhood obesity prevention. Parents are the primary influence on the development and establishment of obesity-related behaviours in young children. There is evidence that autonomy supporting parenting practices are crucial for the development of self-regulation and the internalisation of healthy behaviours in children. It is therefore imperative that parenting practices are targeted as part of an obesity prevention intervention. However, there is limited understanding of barriers and facilitators to parents using autonomy supporting parenting practices with their children aged 0-5 years. Therefore, the aim of the study was to identify barriers and facilitators to using autonomy supporting parenting practices. A secondary aim was to determine parent preferences in respect to an intervention program to be delivered in community playgroups. METHODS Parents were recruited through Playgroup Queensland (PGQ), a not-for-profit organisation in Brisbane, Australia, to attend a focus group during their usual playgroup session. The focus group interview guide was designed to promote discussion among the participants in respect to their shared experiences as parents of young children. The focus group transcripts were coded and analysed using qualitative content analysis. Five focus groups with parents (n = 30) were conducted in May 2018. Most of the participants were mothers [1], and the majority (76%) had a child at playgroup aged between 2 and 4 years. RESULTS The support and guidance received from other parents at playgroup was a facilitator to autonomy supporting parenting practices. Barriers included beliefs around the need to use rewards to encourage child eating, beliefs around the need for screens as babysitters, and feeling disempowered to change sleep behaviours. Parents were enthusiastic about a potential program that would leverage off the existing playgroup support networks, but they did not want to be "educated", or to lose their "playgroup time" to an intervention. Rather they wanted strategies and support to deal with the frustrations of food, screen and sleep parenting. CONCLUSION These results will be used to inform the development of a childhood obesity prevention intervention to be delivered in a community playgroup setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea B Fuller
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Research, Queensland University of Technology, Centre for Children's Health Research, 62 Graham St, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia.,NHMRC Centre of Research Excellent in the Early Prevention of Obesity in Childhood, Sydney School of Public Health, Level 6, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Rebecca A Byrne
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Research, Queensland University of Technology, Centre for Children's Health Research, 62 Graham St, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia.,NHMRC Centre of Research Excellent in the Early Prevention of Obesity in Childhood, Sydney School of Public Health, Level 6, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Rebecca K Golley
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellent in the Early Prevention of Obesity in Childhood, Sydney School of Public Health, Level 6, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Stewart G Trost
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Research, Queensland University of Technology, Centre for Children's Health Research, 62 Graham St, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia. .,NHMRC Centre of Research Excellent in the Early Prevention of Obesity in Childhood, Sydney School of Public Health, Level 6, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
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12
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Smith L, Jackson SE, Pardhan S, López-Sánchez GF, Hu L, Cao C, Vancampfort D, Koyanagi A, Stubbs B, Firth J, Yang L. Visual impairment and objectively measured physical activity and sedentary behaviour in US adolescents and adults: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e027267. [PMID: 30987991 PMCID: PMC6500295 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare levels of physical activity and sedentary time in a representative sample of US adolescents and adults with and without visual impairment. DESIGN Cross-sectional analyses were carried out using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. PARTICIPANTS The study population consisted of 6001 participants (adolescents n=1766, adults n=4235). The present analysis aggregated data from 2003 to 2004 and 2005-2006. MEASURES Objective physical activity and sedentary behaviour assessment was conducted over 7 days. Distance visual acuity was measured for each eye in all participants 12 years and older. Participants' vision was categorised as: normal vision, uncorrected refractive error, non-refractive visual impairment. We estimated the sex-specific linear associations between presenting vision and objectively measured physical activity and sedentary patterns using adjusted generalised linear models in adolescents and adults. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Adolescents with uncorrected refractive error and non-refractive visual impairment did not accumulate higher levels of sedentary time or lower levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) compared with those with normal vision. We observed no association between vision status and accelerometer measured MVPA in adults aged 20-49 years. We observed more time spent sedentary among females 20-49 years old with non-refractive visual impairment compared with those presenting normal vision (mean difference 329.8 min/week, 95% CI: 12.5 to 647.0). Adults 50 years and older with non-refractive visual impairment appeared to accumulate less lifestyle physical activity, particularly in women (mean difference -82.8 min/week, 95% CI: -147.8 to -17.8). Adult women with non-refractive visual impairment have lower levels of lifestyle physical activity and higher levels of sedentary time than those with normal vision. Taken together, these findings highlight the need for interventions to promote physical activity and reduce sedentary time in adult populations with visual impairment, specifically adult women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Smith
- The Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sarah E Jackson
- Deaprtment of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Shahina Pardhan
- Vision and Eye Research Unit (VERU), School of Medicine, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, Essex, UK
| | | | - Liang Hu
- Physical Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chao Cao
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, USA
- Centre for Public Health Systems Science, Brown School Washington University, St Louis, USA
| | - Davy Vancampfort
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- University Psychiatric Centre, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Brendon Stubbs
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Joseph Firth
- NICM Health Research Institute, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria, Vienna, Austria
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13
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Nagy LC, Horne M, Faisal M, Mohammed MA, Barber SE. Ethnic differences in sedentary behaviour in 6-8-year-old children during school terms and school holidays: a mixed methods study. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:152. [PMID: 30717718 PMCID: PMC6362563 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-6456-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sedentary behaviour (SB) in childhood is a major public health concern. Little is known about ethnic differences in SB during school and holiday weeks among White British (WB) and South Asian (SA) children, which this study aims to address through investigating inclinometer measured SB and exploring reasons for child engagement in SB. METHODS A mixed methods study, comprising of a quantitative investigation with 160, 6-8 years old children and a qualitative study with a subsample of 18 children, six parents and eight teachers was undertaken. Children of WB and SA ethnicity in three schools were invited to wear inclinometers for seven school terms (summer/winter/spring) and seven holidays (winter/spring) days during July 2016-May 2017. Total SB, SB accumulated in bouts > 30 min and breaks in SB were explored using multivariate linear mixed effects models which adjusted for wear time, sex, deprivation, overweight status, season, term, weekday and school. Nine focus groups and two interviews were carried out using the Theoretical Domains Framework to explore SB perceptions among parents, teachers and children. Data were analysed using the Framework Approach. RESULTS 104/160 children provided 836 valid days of data. Children spent on average eight hours of SB/day during term time and holidays, equating to 60% of their awake time, and had on average 111 SB breaks /day. SA children had 25 fewer SB breaks/ day when compared to WB (p < 0.001). Perceived reasons for engagement in SB included: boredom, enjoyment of screen activities (by children), parenting practices, curriculum pressures (by teachers), the need to sit down and learn, and child's preference for screen activities (by parents). CONCLUSIONS Children spent 60% of their awake time being sedentary, regardless of ethnicity or school term. There were no significant ethnic differences for any of the SB outcomes except for breaks in SB. Interventions aimed at reducing SB should consider involving parents and teachers and should focus on increasing breaks in SB, especially for SA children, who are at a higher risk of cardio metabolic ill health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liana C. Nagy
- University of Bradford, Faculty of Health Studies, Richmond Road, Bradford, BD7 1DP England
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals Foundation Trust, Bradford, BD9 6RJ England
- Oxford Brookes University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Jack Straw’s Lane, Oxford, OX3 0FL UK
| | - Maria Horne
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals Foundation Trust, Bradford, BD9 6RJ England
- University of Leeds, School of Healthcare, Leeds, LS2 9JT England
| | - Muhammad Faisal
- University of Bradford, Faculty of Health Studies, Richmond Road, Bradford, BD7 1DP England
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals Foundation Trust, Bradford, BD9 6RJ England
| | - M. A. Mohammed
- University of Bradford, Faculty of Health Studies, Richmond Road, Bradford, BD7 1DP England
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals Foundation Trust, Bradford, BD9 6RJ England
- Yorkshire & Humberside Academic Health Sciences Network, Wakefield, UK
| | - Sally E. Barber
- University of Bradford, Faculty of Health Studies, Richmond Road, Bradford, BD7 1DP England
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals Foundation Trust, Bradford, BD9 6RJ England
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14
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Mothers' and father's perceptions of the risks and benefits of screen time and physical activity during early childhood: a qualitative study. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:1271. [PMID: 30453927 PMCID: PMC6245522 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-6199-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study sought to explore mothers’ and fathers’ perceptions of the risks and benefits of screen time and active play during early childhood. Methods In-depth semi structured telephone interviews were conducted with mothers and fathers (n = 28) of children aged 3–5 years who had earlier taken part in a larger quantitative study in Australia and identified willingness to be re-contacted were recruited. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed using NviVo. Coding was performed to produce themes. Quotes were extracted from the transcripts to illustrate common responses. COREQ guidelines for qualitative papers were followed. Results Parents reported active play was beneficial for many health and developmental outcomes such as imagination, enjoyment and socialisation, while reporting risks such as safety and stranger danger. There were mixed perceptions of screen time, with benefits such as learning, education and relaxation, and risks including habit formation, inappropriate content, negative cognitive and social outcome, and detriments to health being reported. A few differences between mothers’ and fathers’ perceptions were evident. Conclusion This study identified that some parental perceptions of benefits and risks of screen time and active play were consistent with published evidence, while others were contradicted by current evidence. Future studies should consider evidence-based education to ensure parents are aware of evidence-based outcomes of children’s behaviours. Interventions may wish to capitalise on parents perceived benefits to enhance engagement. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-018-6199-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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15
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Riazi N, Ramanathan S, O’Neill M, Tremblay MS, Faulkner G. Canadian 24-hour movement guidelines for the early years (0-4 years): exploring the perceptions of stakeholders and end users regarding their acceptability, barriers to uptake, and dissemination. BMC Public Health 2017; 17:841. [PMID: 29219087 PMCID: PMC5773916 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-017-4853-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is important to engage stakeholders and end users in the development of guidelines for knowledge translation purposes. The aim of this study was to examine stakeholders' (experts in pediatric and family medicine, physical activity knowledge translation, and research) and end users' (parents and early childhood educators) perceptions of the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for the Early Years (0-4 years). METHODS Stakeholders (n = 10) engaged in telephone interviews and end users (n = 92) participated in focus groups (n = 14) to discuss perceived clarity and need for the guidelines, potential barriers to implementation, identification of credible messengers, and methods for dissemination of the guidelines. A thematic analysis was conducted. RESULTS The proposed guidelines were very well received by both stakeholders and end users. A clear need for such guidelines was identified, and most believed the guidelines were achievable. Stakeholders and end users identified several potential barriers to uptake, including low awareness of current guidelines; 'daily challenges' such as allure of screen time, lack of time, and competing priorities; and challenges in the context of shifting social norms. A range of methods and messengers of dissemination were identified. Medical and child care settings were the most frequently cited places for dissemination, and physicians and early childhood educators were the most common suggestions for messengers. CONCLUSIONS There was consistent support for the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for the Early Years (0-4 years) from both stakeholders and end users. Moving forward, it is important to dedicate appropriate support and funding toward dissemination efforts in order to reach end users, particularly parents and early childhood educators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negin Riazi
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, 2146 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3 Canada
| | - Subha Ramanathan
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, 2146 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3 Canada
| | - Meghan O’Neill
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, 2146 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3 Canada
| | - Mark S. Tremblay
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, CHEO Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1 Canada
| | - Guy Faulkner
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, 2146 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3 Canada
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16
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Hesketh KR, Lakshman R, van Sluijs EMF. Barriers and facilitators to young children's physical activity and sedentary behaviour: a systematic review and synthesis of qualitative literature. Obes Rev 2017; 18:987-1017. [PMID: 28589678 PMCID: PMC5575514 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Positive activity behaviours (i.e. higher physical activity [PA]/lower sedentary behaviour [SB]) are beneficial from infancy, yet evidence suggests that young children (0- to 6-year-olds) are relatively inactive. To better understand the perceived influences on these behaviours and to aid intervention development, this paper systematically synthesizes the extensive qualitative literature regarding perceived barriers and facilitators to PA and SB in young children (0-6 years old). A search of eight electronic databases (July 2016) identified 43 papers for inclusion. Data extraction and evidence synthesis were conducted using thematic content analysis, underpinned by the socio-ecological model (i.e. individual, interpersonal, community, organizational and policy levels). Parents, childcare providers and children perceived seven broad themes to be important for PA and SB, including the child; the home; out-of-home childcare; parent-childcare provider interactions; environmental factors; safety; and weather. Each theme mapped onto between one and five levels of the socio-ecological model; barriers and facilitators at the interpersonal level (e.g. parents, care providers and family) were most frequently cited, reflecting the important (perceived) role adults/peers play in shaping young children's behaviours. We provide an overarching framework to explain PA and SB in early childhood. We also highlight where gaps in the current literature exist (e.g. from male carers; in developing countries; and barriers and facilitators in the environmental and policy domains) and where future quantitative work may focus to provide novel insights about children's activity behaviours (e.g. safety and weather).
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Affiliation(s)
- K. R. Hesketh
- MRC Epidemiology Unit and Centre for Diet and Activity ResearchUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthLondonUK
| | - R. Lakshman
- MRC Epidemiology Unit and Centre for Diet and Activity ResearchUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Public Health Directorate, Cambridgeshire County CouncilCambridgeUK
| | - E. M. F. van Sluijs
- MRC Epidemiology Unit and Centre for Diet and Activity ResearchUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
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17
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Roscoe CMP, James RS, Duncan MJ. Calibration of GENEActiv accelerometer wrist cut-points for the assessment of physical activity intensity of preschool aged children. Eur J Pediatr 2017; 176:1093-1098. [PMID: 28674825 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-017-2948-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This study sought to validate cut-points for use of wrist-worn GENEActiv accelerometer data, to analyse preschool children's (4 to 5 year olds) physical activity (PA) levels via calibration with oxygen consumption values (VO2). This was a laboratory-based calibration study. Twenty-one preschool children, aged 4.7 ± 0.5 years old, completed six activities (ranging from lying supine to running) whilst wearing the GENEActiv accelerometers at two locations (left and right wrist), these being the participants' non-dominant and dominant wrist, and a Cortex face mask for gas analysis. VO2 data was used for the assessment of criterion validity. Location specific activity intensity cut-points were established via receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) analysis. The GENEActiv accelerometers, irrespective of their location, accurately discriminated between all PA intensities (sedentary, light, and moderate and above), with the dominant wrist monitor providing a slightly more precise discrimination at light PA and the non-dominant at the sedentary behaviour and moderate and above intensity levels (area under the curve (AUC) for non-dominant = 0.749-0.993, compared to AUC dominant = 0.760-0.988). CONCLUSION This study establishes wrist-worn physical activity cut-points for the GENEActiv accelerometer in preschoolers. What is Known: • GENEActiv accelerometers have been validated as a PA measurement tool in adolescents and adults. • No study to date has validated the GENEActiv accelerometers in preschoolers. What is New: • Cut-points were determined for the wrist-worn GENEActiv accelerometer in preschoolers. • These cut-points can be used in future research to help classify and increase preschoolers' compliance rates with PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare M P Roscoe
- Centre for Applied Biological and Exercise Sciences, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK. .,Sport, Exercise and Outdoor Sciences, University of Derby, Derby, UK.
| | - Rob S James
- Centre for Applied Biological and Exercise Sciences, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK
| | - Michael J Duncan
- Centre for Applied Biological and Exercise Sciences, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK
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18
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Thompson JL, Sebire SJ, Kesten JM, Zahra J, Edwards M, Solomon-Moore E, Jago R. How parents perceive screen viewing in their 5-6 year old child within the context of their own screen viewing time: a mixed-methods study. BMC Public Health 2017; 17:471. [PMID: 28569195 PMCID: PMC5452384 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-017-4394-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have examined parental perceptions of their child's screen-viewing (SV) within the context of parental SV time. This study qualitatively examined parents' perceptions of their 5-6-year-old child's SV within the context of their own quantitatively measured SV. METHODS A mixed-methods design employed semi-structured telephone interviews, demographic and SV questionnaires, objectively-measured physical activity and sedentary time. Deductive content analysis was used to explore parents' perceptions of, and concerns about, their child's SV, and management of their child's SV. Comparisons were made between parent-child dyads reporting low (<2-h per day) versus high SV time. RESULTS Fifty-three parents were interviewed (94.3% mothers), with 52 interviews analysed. Fifteen parent-child dyads (28.8%) exceeded the 2-h SV threshold on both weekdays and weekend days; 5 parent-child dyads (9.6%) did not exceed this threshold. The remaining 32 dyads reported a combination of parent or child exceeding/not exceeding the SV threshold on either weekdays or weekend days. Three main themes distinguished the 15 parent-child dyads exceeding the SV threshold from the 5 dyads that did not: 1) parents' personal SV-related views and behaviours; 2) the family SV environment; and 3) setting SV rules and limits. Parents in the dyads not exceeding the SV threshold prioritized and engaged with their children in non-SV behaviours for relaxation, set limits around their own and their child's SV-related behaviours, and described an environment supportive of physical activity. Parents in the dyads exceeding the SV threshold were more likely to prioritise SV as a shared family activity, and described a less structured SV environment with minimal rule setting, influenced their child's need for relaxation time. CONCLUSIONS The majority of parents in this study who exceeded the SV threshold expressed minimal concern and a relaxed approach to managing SV for themselves and their child(ren), suggesting a need to raise awareness amongst these parents about the time they spend engaging in SV. Parents may understand their SV-related parenting practices more clearly if they are encouraged to examine their own SV behaviours. Designing interventions aimed to create environments that are less supportive of SV, with more structured approaches to SV parenting strategies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janice L. Thompson
- School of Sport, Exercise & Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT UK
| | - Simon J. Sebire
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, 8 Priory Road, Bristol, BS8 1TZ UK
| | - Joanna M. Kesten
- The National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care West (NIHR CLAHRC West), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit on Evaluation of Interventions, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Oakfield House Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN UK
| | - Jesmond Zahra
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, 8 Priory Road, Bristol, BS8 1TZ UK
| | - Mark Edwards
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, 8 Priory Road, Bristol, BS8 1TZ UK
| | - Emma Solomon-Moore
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, 8 Priory Road, Bristol, BS8 1TZ UK
| | - Russell Jago
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, 8 Priory Road, Bristol, BS8 1TZ UK
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Amer M, Arfaj GA, Alodhayani AA. Children's Physical Activity Awareness among Mothers in a Saudi Arabian Health Center. J Clin Diagn Res 2017; 11:OC51-OC56. [PMID: 28511437 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2017/25768.9602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Physical inactivity is a major contributor to the increasing levels of obesity and other serious medical conditions among children and adolescents worldwide. A major factor in this increase is lack of awareness of mothers' regarding the Physical Activity (PA) of their children. AIM The current study aimed to identify the degree of knowledge and awareness of Saudi mothers' regarding their children's physical activities, which will be useful for improving physical education, health programs, and eventually children's health care. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 342 mothers attending a vaccination clinic, well-baby, or women's health clinic participated in the study, in which questionnaire was used to assess the awareness regarding PA. RESULTS The majority of mothers agreed that they have a crucial role in motivating their children to engage in PA, but was not aware of current recommendations. CONCLUSION Awareness of Saudi mothers' regarding their children's PA was exceedingly low. Creating awareness of children's PA is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maysah Amer
- Family Medicine Physician, Department of Family Medicne, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghada Al Arfaj
- Family Medicine Physician, Department of Family Medicne, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz A Alodhayani
- Assistant Professor, Department of Family Medicne and Community, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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20
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Hinkley T, Carson V, Kalomakaefu K, Brown H. What mums think matters: A mediating model of maternal perceptions of the impact of screen time on preschoolers' actual screen time. Prev Med Rep 2017; 6:339-345. [PMID: 28480158 PMCID: PMC5413195 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2017.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Screen time during the preschool years is detrimental to wellbeing. The impact of parental perceptions on preschoolers' screen time is unknown. This paper explores the association between maternal perceptions of the impact of screen time on their preschoolers' wellbeing with their child's screen time and the potential mediating role of their perception of the appropriate amount of screen time. In 2013–2014, mothers of 575 preschoolers (2–5 years; metropolitan Melbourne and online sources) reported: their perceptions of the impact of screen time on 11 aspects of wellbeing, conceptually grouped to physical, social and cognitive well-being; their perceptions of the appropriate amount of screen time for preschoolers; and their child's actual screen time. Regression analyses investigated associations between perceptions and children's screen time. Mediation by perception of the appropriate amount of screen time was examined using indirect effects. Mothers' perceptions of the impact of screen time on social and cognitive wellbeing had a significant indirect effect on children's actual screen time through mothers' perception of the appropriate amount of screen time for their child. Findings illustrate the potential impact of parents' perceptions on their children's behaviors. Although a significant indirect effect was identified, direction of causality cannot be implied. Further exploration of the direction of association to determine causality, and interventions targeting parental perceptions, are warranted. Majority of mothers believe screen time is harmful to children's physical wellbeing. Perception of screen time volume associated with preschoolers' screen time Concern of poor cognitive, social wellbeing associated with screen time Interventions should target perceptions of impact of screen time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trina Hinkley
- Deakin University, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Valerie Carson
- Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Krystle Kalomakaefu
- Deakin University, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Helen Brown
- Deakin University, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
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Faulkner G, White L, Riazi N, Latimer-Cheung AE, Tremblay MS. Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Children and Youth: Exploring the perceptions of stakeholders regarding their acceptability, barriers to uptake, and dissemination. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2016; 41:S303-10. [DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2016-0100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Engaging stakeholders in the development of guidelines and plans for implementation is vital. The purpose of this study was to examine stakeholders’ (parents, teachers, exercise professionals, paediatricians, and youth) perceptions of the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Behaviour Guidelines for Children and Youth (“Movement Guidelines”). Stakeholders (n = 104) engaged in semi-structured focus groups or interviews to discuss the perceived acceptability of the guidelines, potential barriers to implementation, and preferred methods and messengers of dissemination. A thematic analysis was conducted. Overall, there was consistent support across all stakeholder groups, with the exception of youth participants, for the Movement Guidelines. Stakeholders identified a range of barriers to the uptake of the guidelines including concerns with accurately defining key terms such as “recreational” screen time; everyday challenges such as financial and time constraints; and the possibility of the Movement Guidelines becoming just another source of stress and guilt for already busy and overwhelmed parents. Participants identified a range of recommended methods and messengers for future dissemination. School and medical settings were the most commonly recommended settings through which dissemination efforts should be delivered. Overall, participants representing a range of stakeholder groups were receptive to the new Movement Guidelines and endorsed their value. In complementing the Movement Guidelines, messaging and resources will need to be developed that address common concerns participants had regarding their dissemination and implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Faulkner
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, 2146 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Lauren White
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, 55 Harbord Street, Toronto, ON M5S 2W6, Canada
| | - Negin Riazi
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, 2146 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Amy E. Latimer-Cheung
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen’s University, 28 Division Street, Ottawa, ON K1S 4E2, Canada
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity research Group, CHEO Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Mark S. Tremblay
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity research Group, CHEO Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
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