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Pujol-de Castro A, Valerio-Rao G, Vaquero-Cepeda P, Catalá-López F. [Prevalence of burnout syndrome in physicians working in Spain: systematic review and meta-analysis]. GACETA SANITARIA 2024:S0213-9111(24)00031-1. [PMID: 38653640 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the prevalence of burnout syndrome in physicians working in Spain through a systematic review with meta-analysis METHOD: We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and PsycINFO (up to June 2023). Observational studies conducted in Spain reporting the prevalence of burnout in physicians were included. From each study, methodological characteristics and results were extracted, and their quality was evaluated. We performed a narrative synthesis with random effects meta-analysis to calculate proportions. RESULTS Sixty-seven studies with 16,076 participants were included. For the primary outcome, the meta-analysis revealed a global prevalence of burnout in physicians of 24% (95%CI: 19%-29%; 46 studies; 8821 participants; I2=97%). From subgroup analysis, differences were observed depending on the diagnostic criteria used: 18% (95%CI: 13%-23%) for three dimensions of burnout, 29% (95%CI: 24%-34%) for two dimensions and 51% (95%CI: 42%-60%) for one dimension. The heterogeneity between studies could not be fully explained through additional analyses where non-statistically significant differences were found with other variables (e.g., study quality, setting, professional category or medical specialty). CONCLUSIONS A high prevalence of burnout syndrome was found in physicians working in Spain. These results can contribute to estimating the burden associated with burnout in physicians at a national level and to the design of future studies. Strategies appear to be necessary to prevent and mitigate this situation. PROTOCOL REGISTRATION Open Science Framework: https://osf.io/b2h4m/.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Grecia Valerio-Rao
- Servicio de Medicina Preventiva, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, España
| | - Pablo Vaquero-Cepeda
- Servicio de Medicina Preventiva, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, España
| | - Ferrán Catalá-López
- Departamento de Planificación y Economía de la Salud, Escuela Nacional de Sanidad, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Kim JH, Yoon J, Kim SJ, Kim JY, Bahk J, Kim SS. Lack of compensation for COVID-19-related overtime work and its association with burnout among EMS providers in Korea. Epidemiol Health 2023; 45:e2023058. [PMID: 37340845 PMCID: PMC10667576 DOI: 10.4178/epih.e2023058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study examined the association between lack of compensation for COVID-19-related overtime work (LCCOW) and burnout among emergency medical service (EMS) providers in Seoul, Korea. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 693 EMS providers in Seoul, Korea. Participants were classified into 3 groups according to their experience of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related overtime work and LCCOW: (1) "did not experience," (2) "experienced and was compensated," and (3) "experienced and was not compensated." Burnout was measured using the Korean version of the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory, which has 3 subdomains: personal burnout (PB), work-related burnout (WRB), and citizen-related burnout (CRB). Multiple linear regression was applied to examine whether LCCOW was associated with burnout after adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS In total, 74.2% of participants experienced COVID-19-related overtime work, and 14.6% of those who worked overtime experienced LCCOW. COVID-19-related overtime work showed a statistically non-significant association with burnout. However, the association differed by LCCOW. Compared to the "did not experience" group, the "experienced and was not compensated" group was associated with PB (β=10.519; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.455 to 17.584), WRB (β=10.339; 95% CI, 3.398 to 17.280), and CRB (β=12.290; 95% CI, 6.900 to 17.680), whereas no association was observed for the "experienced and was compensated" group. Furthermore, an analysis restricted to EMS providers who worked overtime due to COVID-19 showed that LCCOW was associated with PB (β=7.970; 95% CI, 1.064 to 14.876), WRB (β=7.276; 95% CI, 0.270 to 14.283), and CRB (β=10.000; 95% CI, 3.435 to 16.565). CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that LCCOW could be critical in worsening burnout among EMS providers who worked overtime due to COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hwan Kim
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jaehong Yoon
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- National Traffic Injury Rehabilitation Research Institute, National Traffic Injury Rehabilitation Hospital, Yangpyeong, Korea
| | - Soo Jin Kim
- Fire Science Research Center, Seoul Metropolitan Fire Service Academy, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ja Young Kim
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jinwook Bahk
- Department of Public Health, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Seung-Sup Kim
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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González Bonet LG, García-Martínez J, Tornador Gaya N, Guadalajara Saez A, Pitarch-Bort G. [Castellón Field Hospital: comprehensive analysis of its use during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.]. Rev Esp Salud Publica 2023; 97:e202305038. [PMID: 37194648 PMCID: PMC10540902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Field hospitals, also known as alternative care sites, have been an important healthcare reinforcement during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic worldwide. In the Valencian Community, three of these hospitals were opened, one for each province. Our study aimed to make a comprehensive analysis of this resource in Castellon. METHODS A retrospective observational study was carried out with an analytical and statistical component of 3 aspects: infrastructure, satisfaction and clinical data from COVID-positive hospitalized patients. The sources of information were primary, institutional for the infrastructure and personal for the satisfaction surveys and clinical data. RESULTS A set of 6x3 metres polyvalent tents was chosen, which joined formed a single-floor area of about 3.500 m2. Although hospital opened for approximately a year and a half with multiple uses, most in relation to the COVID pandemic (vaccination center, emergency room observation, hospital assistance, warehouse...), reception of positive patients for the virus began during the third wave of the pandemic, remaining active for eleven days. A total of thirty-one patients with a mean age of 56 years were admitted. 41.9% did not have any comorbidity and 54.8% needed treatment with oxygen therapy. Furthermore, the length of stay was three days, finding a significant relationship between this one, the oxygen flow required during admission and the age. Satisfaction was measured by a survey of seventeen questions where an average satisfaction of 8.33/10. CONCLUSIONS This is one of the few studies in the literature in which a field hospital is analyzed from such different points of view. After this analysis, it is concluded that it is an extraordinary and temporary resource whose use is useful without reflecting an increase of morbidity/mortality among our patients and with a very favorable subjective assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Germán González Bonet
- Servicio de Neurocirugía, Hospital General Universitario de CastellónHospital General Universitario de CastellónCastelló de la PlanaSpain
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Jaume IUniversidad Jaume ICastelló de la PlanaSpain
| | - José García-Martínez
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Jaume IUniversidad Jaume ICastelló de la PlanaSpain
| | - Nuria Tornador Gaya
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario La PlanaHospital General Universitario de CastellónVila-real (Castellón)Spain
| | - Adoración Guadalajara Saez
- Servicio de Urgencias, Hospital General Universitario de CastellónHospital General Universitario de CastellónCastelló de la PlanaSpain
| | - Gerard Pitarch-Bort
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Jaume IUniversidad Jaume ICastelló de la PlanaSpain
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital General Universitario de CastellónHospital General Universitario de CastellónCastelló de la PlanaSpain
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Alkhamees AA, Aljohani MS, Kalani S, Ali AM, Almatham F, Alwabili A, Alsughier NA, Rutledge T. Physician's Burnout during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20054598. [PMID: 36901612 PMCID: PMC10001574 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The burnout rate among physicians is expected to be higher during COVID-19 period due to the additional sources of physical and emotional stressors. Throughout the current COVID-19 pandemic, numerous studies have evaluated the impacts of COVID-19 on physicians' burnout, but the reported results have been inconsistent. This current systematic review and meta-analysis aims to assess and estimate the epidemiology of burnout and the associated risk factors during the COVID-19 pandemic among physicians. A systematic search for studies targeting physicians' burnout was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, Cochrane COVID-19 registry, and pre-print services (PsyArXiv and medRχiv) for English language studies published within the time period of 1 January 2020 to 1 September 2021. Search strategies resulted in 446 possible eligible studies. The titles and abstracts of these studies were screened, which resulted in 34 probable studies for inclusion, while 412 studies were excluded based on the predetermined inclusion criteria. These 34 studies went through a full-text screening for eligibility, which resulted in 30 studies being included in the final reviews and subsequent analyses. Among them, the prevalence of physicians' burnout rate ranged from 6.0-99.8%. This wide variation could be due to the heterogeneity among burnout definitions, different applied assessment tools, and even cultural factors. Further studies may consider other factors when assessing burnout (e.g., the presence of a psychiatric disorders, other work-related and cultural factors). In conclusion, a consistent diagnostic indices for the assessment of burnout is required to enable consistent methods of scoring and interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulmajeed A. Alkhamees
- Department of Medicine, Unayzah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unayzah 52571, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
| | - Moath S. Aljohani
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Unayzah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unayzah 52571, Saudi Arabia
| | - Simindokht Kalani
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 8174673441, Iran
| | - Amira Mohammed Ali
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Mental Health, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Alexandria 5424041, Egypt
| | - Fahad Almatham
- Department of Medicine, Unayzah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unayzah 52571, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afnan Alwabili
- Department of Medicine, Unayzah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unayzah 52571, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif Abdullah Alsughier
- Department of Medicine, Unayzah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unayzah 52571, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thomas Rutledge
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, Department of Psychiatry, Psychology Service, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
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Macía-Rodríguez C, Andreu-Ansola J, Alejandre de Oña A, Martín-Iglesias D, Montaño-Martínez A, Moreno-Díaz J. Burnout syndrome increase during COVID-19 pandemic in attending Internal Medicine physicians. Rev Clin Esp 2023; 223:316-319. [PMID: 36868349 PMCID: PMC9977095 DOI: 10.1016/j.rceng.2023.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Burnout is a psychosocial syndrome caused by stressful situations in the workplace. It affects 30%-60% of medical professionals. The aim of this study is to carry out a comparative analysis of its frequency before and after the COVID-19 outbreak in Spanish internal medicine attending physicians. METHODS Surveys that included the Maslach Burnout Inventory were sent via email and associated social networks to physicians who were members of the Spanish Society of Internal Medicine in 2019 and 2020. RESULTS A non-significant increase in burnout was observed (38.0% vs. 34.4%). However, an increase in low personal fulfilment was observed (66.4% vs. 33.6%; p = 0.002), a dimension associated with the prevention of psychiatric morbidity, in addition to two others: emotional fatigue and depersonalization, which can negatively affect patient care. CONCLUSIONS It is essential to address this syndrome individually and institutionally.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Macía-Rodríguez
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Ribera Juan Cardona, Ferrol, A Coruña, Spain.
| | | | - A Alejandre de Oña
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Manises, Manises, Valencia, Spain
| | - D Martín-Iglesias
- Unidad de Enfermedades Autoinmunes, Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario de Cruces, Barakaldo, Vizcaya, Spain
| | - A Montaño-Martínez
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Alto Guadalquivir, Andújar, Jaén, Spain
| | - J Moreno-Díaz
- Dirección Médica, Hospital Royo Villanueva, Zaragoza, Spain
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Macía-Rodríguez C, Andreu-Ansola J, Alejandre de Oña A, Martín-Iglesias D, Montaño-Martínez A, Moreno-Díaz J. [Burnout syndrome increase during COVID-19 pandemic in attending Internal Medicine physicians]. Rev Clin Esp 2023; 223:316-319. [PMID: 36685090 PMCID: PMC9842622 DOI: 10.1016/j.rce.2022.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Burnout is a psychosocial syndrome caused by stressful situations in the workplace. It affects 30% to 60% of medical professionals. The aim of this study is to carry out a comparative analysis of its frequency before and after the COVID-19 outbreak in Spanish internal medicine attending physicians.Methods: Surveys that included the Maslach Burnout Inventory were sent via email and associated social networks to physicians who were members of the Spanish Society of Internal Medicine in 2019 and 2020.Results and conclusions: A non-significant increase in burnout was observed (38.0% vs. 34.4%). However, an increase in low personal fulfilment was observed (66.4% vs. 33.6%; p=0.002), a dimension associated with the prevention of psychiatric morbidity, in addition to two others: emotional fatigue and depersonalization, which can negatively affect patient care. Therefore, it is essential to address this syndrome individually and institutionally.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Macía-Rodríguez
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Ribera Juan Cardona, Ferrol, A Coruña, España,Autor para correspondencia
| | | | - A. Alejandre de Oña
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Manises, Manises, Valencia, España
| | - D. Martín-Iglesias
- Unidad de Enfermedades Autoinmunes, Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario de Cruces, Barakaldo, Vizcaya, España
| | - A. Montaño-Martínez
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Alto Guadalquivir, Andújar, Jaén, España
| | - J. Moreno-Díaz
- Dirección Médica, Hospital Royo Villanueva, Zaragoza, España
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Epifanio MS, La Grutta S, Piombo MA, Riolo M, Spicuzza V, Franco M, Mancini G, De Pascalis L, Trombini E, Andrei F. Hopelessness and burnout in Italian healthcare workers during COVID-19 pandemic: the mediating role of trait emotional intelligence. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1146408. [PMID: 37213395 PMCID: PMC10196475 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1146408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The study aims to assess the impact of COVID-19 on healthcare workers' work-related stress during the first wave of the pandemic in Italy. The main objective is to investigate the existence of a positive correlation between hopelessness and burnout, assuming that burnout may be a risk factor for the development of hopelessness, and to analyze the role that trait Emotional Intelligence (TEI) and changes in workload could have in this relationship. Furthermore, evaluate any significant differences in burnout and hopelessness levels in the function of some demographic variables, such as gender, professional profiles, and different working zones of Italy, to better understand how the diverse diffusion of pandemic had affected Italian healthcare workers. Methods An online survey was used to collect data between April and June, 2020, with 562 responses among nurses (52.1%) and physicians (47.9%). Demographics and changes in workload and work conditions were collected through an ad hoc questionnaire. The Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire-Short Form (TEIQue-SF), The Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS), and the Link Burnout Questionnaire (LBQ) were used to assess Trait Emotional Intelligence (TEI), hopelessness, and burnout, respectively. Results Correlation analysis showed a significant positive relationship between hopelessness and each burnout dimension. TEI showed negative correlations both with burnout dimensions and hopelessness. Significant differences in burnout and hopelessness levels emerged as a function of some demographic variables such as gender, professional profiles (nurses or physicians), and different working zone of Italy (northern or southern). Results showed that TEI partially mediated the relationship between hopelessness and every burnout dimension, while the interaction of changes in workload was non-significant. Discussion The mediating role of TEI in the burnout-hopelessness relationship partly explains the protective role that individual factors had on healthcare workers' mental health. Our findings support the need to integrate considerations on both psychological risk and protective factors into COVID-19 care, including the monitoring of psychological symptoms and social needs, especially among healthcare workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Stella Epifanio
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Sabina La Grutta
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- *Correspondence: Sabina La Grutta,
| | - Marco Andrea Piombo
- Department of Psychology “Renzo Canestrari,” Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Marco Andrea Piombo,
| | - Martina Riolo
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Vittoria Spicuzza
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Marianna Franco
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giacomo Mancini
- Department of Education Studies “Giovanni Maria Bertin,” Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Leonardo De Pascalis
- Department of Psychology “Renzo Canestrari,” Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Psychological Sciences, Institute of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Elena Trombini
- Department of Psychology “Renzo Canestrari,” Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Federica Andrei
- Department of Psychology “Renzo Canestrari,” Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Sun Y, Zhu S, ChenHuang G, Zhu L, Yang S, Zhang X, Zheng Z. COVID-19 burnout, resilience, and psychological distress among Chinese college students. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1009027. [PMID: 36466458 PMCID: PMC9709421 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1009027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Chinese college students have spent 3 years dealing with infection prevention. Some students have undergone quarantine due to the detection of new variants of COVID-19 and the rise in cases. This study examines pandemic-related isolation and its psychological impact on Chinese college students and explores the relationships among COVID-19 burnout, resilience, and psychological distress in Chinese college students during the pandemic. Methods The COVID-19 Burnout Scale, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and the Brief Symptom Inventory were used to investigate 388 college students from Nanjing City, China. All participants were enrolled in university after 2019, and they participated in the survey voluntarily via the Internet. Participants were divided into two groups (isolated group vs. non-isolated group) based on whether or not they had been isolated. Results (1) Significantly lower scores were found for all factors in the isolated group; (2) COVID-19 burnout significantly negatively predicted resilience and significantly positively predicted psychological distress (anxiety, depression, and somatization symptoms), while resilience significantly negatively predicted psychological distress; and (3) Resilience mediated the relationship between COVID-19 burnout and psychological distress. Conclusion Isolation is a risk factor for psychological distress related to COVID-19. Resilience can buffer psychological distress and help improve Chinese college students' wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Tang R, Feng O, Chong JJ, Wang A. Evaluating the impact of coronavirus disease on burnout among healthcare workers using maslach burnout inventory tool: A systematic review. PROCEEDINGS OF SINGAPORE HEALTHCARE 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/20101058221117390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Burnout has been prevalent among healthcare workers (HCWs). However, the effect of the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic on this phenomenon in HCWs is unclear. Objective This systematic review aims to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on burnout of HCWs using Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Methods A systematic search was performed on PubMed database for articles published between 1 December 2019 and 30 June 2021. Search strategy combined terms for HCWs, COVID-19, burnout, and MBI. The main outcome of interest was burnout, including both mean prevalence and MBI scores for high emotional exhaustion (EE), high depersonalisation (DP) and low personal accomplishment (PA). Results Four cohort studies, 90 cross-sectional studies and one randomised-controlled trial were included for review. Only one cohort study compared burnout data among HCWs before and during COVID-19. It reported a statistically significant increase in mean EE and PA scores from 21.9 to 24.8 ( p = .001), and 42.7 to 48.7 ( p = .001), respectively. The remaining studies only evaluated burnout data during COVID-19 but were missing burnout data prior to the pandemic for comparison. Across these studies, the overall mean prevalence of burnout among HCWs was 39.95%, with mean MBI EE scores of 22.07, DP scores of 7.83, and PA scores of 32.53. Burnout outcomes were generally comparable across specific healthcare professions such as doctors and nurses. Conclusion Whilst quality research elucidating the effect of pandemic on burnout is lacking, current burnout prevalence among HCWs during COVID-19 is notable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reanne Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacy, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ouyuan Feng
- Department of Pharmacy, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jin Jian Chong
- Department of Pharmacy, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Aiwen Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacy, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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Symptoms of Burnout Syndrome among Physicians during the Outbreak of COVID-19 Pandemic—A Systematic Literature Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10060979. [PMID: 35742031 PMCID: PMC9223230 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10060979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Studies in the recent decades show that the medical profession has a high risk to develop burnout due to constant exposure to mental and physical suffering or death. The pandemic period induced additional stress for healthcare professionals due to the likelihood of a high rate of infection, long working shifts, using protective equipment, staying away from family, implementing new medical procedures. The present study is focusing on assessing the prevalence of burnout among physicians working in the healthcare system during the COVID-19 pandemic, and discovering the main factors associated with burnout syndrome among the population of physicians. Material and methods: A systematic review was conducted by searching PubMed, Wiley, and Google Scholar in November 2021. A total of 35 studies were eligible for the evaluation. Results: The samples ranged from 39 to 3071 physicians, and the overall burnout ranged from 14.7% to 90.4%. Sociodemographic characteristics associated with a high prevalence of burnout were the female gender, less experienced, not having children, and single marital status, associated with high levels of anxiety, depression, and stress in the female gender. The highest level of burnout among all the studies was 90.4% on a sample of physicians from the Republic of Korea, 80.2% among psychiatrists in Saudi Arabia, followed by a study in Ireland with a 77% level of burnout among senior and specialist physicians, and 74.7% prevalence of burnout for emergency physicians in USA. Conclusions: During the pandemic, the factors that contribute to burnout are the lack of personal protective equipment and the violence of issues related to organizational health; the high prevalence of burnout symptoms is associated with anxiety, depression, and stress.
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Moretti M, De Geyter D, Van Cutsem E, Van Laere S, Pierard D, Allard SD. Fear for CoViD-19 and reluctance to work among health care workers during the epidemic, a prospective monocentric cohort study. Am J Infect Control 2022; 50:312-318. [PMID: 34774892 PMCID: PMC8585561 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2021.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Health care workers (HCW) are facing the Coronavirus disease 2019 (CoViD-19) epidemic. Consequently, psychological impairments have been reported. However, literature showed controversial results on the relationship between gender, frontline HCW, and psychological impairments. This study aims to investigate CoViD-19 fear and reluctance to work in HCW. Methods Employees who worked between April and October 2020 at the UZ Brussel were included. Data were prospectively collected in 2 phases through a survey together with serological tests. Sampling strategy was convenience sampling. Results About 2,336 employees completed the study and response rate was 70%. The prevalence of severe CoViD-19 fear in participants increased from 9% to 15%. Employees showing way less motivation rose from 9% to 14%. The seroprevalence was 7.4% and 7.9%. Multivariable analysis found a relation between reluctance to work, study phase, female gender, shortage of personal protective equipment, and poor education on CoViD-19. Furthermore, CoViD-19 fear was related to the study phase, older age, female gender, being second-line HCW, reported exposure to CoViD-19 during work, and insufficient education on CoViD-19. Discussion Seroprevalence remained rather stable, but fear and reluctance to work significantly increased. Differences in time of data collection together with epidemiological setting might be responsible for conflicting data reported in literature. Conclusions The evolution of the epidemiological setting might influence the results of studies investigating psychological impairments in HCW.
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Martínez-Cuazitl A, Martínez-Salazar IN, Maza-De La Torre G, García-Dávila JA, Montelongo-Mercado EA, García-Ruíz A, Noyola-Villalobos HF, García-Araiza MG, Hernández-Díaz S, Villegas-Tapia DL, Cerda-Reyes E, Chávez-Velasco AS, García-Hernández JS. Burnout Syndrome in a Military Tertiary Hospital Staff during the COVID-19 Contingency. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:2229. [PMID: 35206414 PMCID: PMC8872413 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: Burnout syndrome (BOS) is defined as a psychological state of physical and mental fatigue associated with work. The COVID-19 pandemic greatly impacted the physical and mental wellbeing of health professionals. The objective of this work was to determine the impact on personnel, monitoring the frequency of BOS throughout the pandemic. (2) Methods: The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) was self-applied in four periods of the pandemic according to sociodemographic and employment characteristics. In this study, all hospital personnel were included; the association of BOS with sex, age, type of participant (civilian or military), military rank and profession was analyzed. (3) Results: The frequency of BOS was 2.4% (start of the pandemic), 7.9% (peak of the first wave), 3.7% (end of the first wave) and 3.6% (peak of the third wave). Emotional exhaustion (EE) was the most affected factor, and the groups most affected were men under 30 years of age, civilians, chiefs and doctors, especially undergraduate medical doctors and specialty resident doctors, and nursing personnel were less affected. (4) Conclusions: The low BOS levels show that the containment measures and military training implemented by the hospital authorities were effective, although the chief personnel were more affected in the first wave. It is probable that this combination allowed the containment of BOS, which was not observed in civilians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Martínez-Cuazitl
- Research Department, Military Central Hospital (Ministry of National Defense of Mexico-SEDENA), Mexico City 11200, Mexico; (A.M.-C.); (A.S.C.-V.); (J.S.G.-H.)
- Military School of Medicine (Ministry of National Defense of Mexico-SEDENA), Mexico City 11200, Mexico
| | - Iván Noé Martínez-Salazar
- Research Department, Military Central Hospital (Ministry of National Defense of Mexico-SEDENA), Mexico City 11200, Mexico; (A.M.-C.); (A.S.C.-V.); (J.S.G.-H.)
| | | | - Jorge Arturo García-Dávila
- General Direction, Military Central Hospital (Ministry of National Defense of Mexico-SEDENA), Mexico City 11200, Mexico;
| | | | - Antonio García-Ruíz
- Technic Deputy Direction, Military Central Hospital (Ministry of National Defense of Mexico-SEDENA), Mexico City 11200, Mexico;
| | | | - Mayra Gabriela García-Araiza
- Teaching and Research Area, Military Central Hospital l (Ministry of National Defense of Mexico-SEDENA), Mexico City 11200, Mexico;
| | - Sergio Hernández-Díaz
- Medical Area, Military Central Hospital (Ministry of National Defense of Mexico-SEDENA), Mexico City 11200, Mexico;
| | - Dora Luz Villegas-Tapia
- Psychology Subsection, Military Central Hospital (Ministry of National Defense of Mexico-SEDENA), Mexico City 11200, Mexico;
| | - Eira Cerda-Reyes
- Academic Coordination Department, Military Central Hospital (Ministry of National Defense of Mexico-SEDENA), Mexico City 11200, Mexico;
| | - Arleth Sarai Chávez-Velasco
- Research Department, Military Central Hospital (Ministry of National Defense of Mexico-SEDENA), Mexico City 11200, Mexico; (A.M.-C.); (A.S.C.-V.); (J.S.G.-H.)
| | - Juan Salvador García-Hernández
- Research Department, Military Central Hospital (Ministry of National Defense of Mexico-SEDENA), Mexico City 11200, Mexico; (A.M.-C.); (A.S.C.-V.); (J.S.G.-H.)
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Acuff SF, Strickland JC, Tucker JA, Murphy JG. Changes in alcohol use during COVID-19 and associations with contextual and individual difference variables: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PSYCHOLOGY OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS 2022; 36:1-19. [PMID: 34807630 PMCID: PMC8831454 DOI: 10.1037/adb0000796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study meta-analyzed studies examining changes in alcohol consumption during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic and systematically reviewed contextual and individual difference factors related to these changes. METHOD Following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) protocol, studies were gathered via PsycINFO, PubMed/MEDLINE, and preprint databases (published April 29, 2021) that examined individual-level changes in consumption during the initial COVID-19 mitigation measures (before October 2020). Next, sample proportion increases and decreases in consumption, in addition to mean change in consumption variables from pre- to during-COVID, were meta-analyzed, and contextual and individual difference variables related to consumption changes during the pandemic were summarized. RESULTS One hundred and twenty-eight studies provided data from 58 countries (M n = 3,876; Mdn n = 1,092; aggregate sample n = 492,235). The average mean change in alcohol consumption was nonsignificant (Cohen's d = -0.01, p = .68); however, meta-analysis revealed that 23% of participants reported increases in consumption and 23% reported decreases. These changes were moderated by per capita gross domestic product and country. Narrative synthesis revealed multiple predictors of increased drinking, including contextual changes (e.g., children at home, income loss, working remotely), individual difference variables (being female, a young-to-middle aged adult, or Black), and mental health/alcohol-related risk factors (e.g., depression). CONCLUSIONS The identified factors associated with increased alcohol consumption should be considered in planning behavioral health services during future crisis events that abruptly alter everyday environments in ways that increase stress and decrease access to naturally occurring rewards. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Justin C Strickland
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
| | - Jalie A Tucker
- Department of Health Education and Behavior, Center for Behavioral Economic Health Research, University of Florida
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Tsai HW, Hung FM, Liao CH, Lin HF. Hotel-based quarantine center as a rapid response to COVID-19 outbreak, New Taipei, Taiwan, May to July 2021. J Formos Med Assoc 2022; 121:1351-1353. [PMID: 35031199 PMCID: PMC8743618 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Huang-Wen Tsai
- Division of Trauma, Department of Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, No.21, Section 2, Nan-Ya S. Rd., New Taipei City, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medicine, Yuan Ze University, 135 Yuan-Tung Rd, Chung-Li, 32003, Taiwan.
| | - Fang-Ming Hung
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Hsain Liao
- Division of Infection Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, No.21, Section 2, Nan-Ya S. Rd., New Taipei City, Taiwan.
| | - Heng-Fu Lin
- Division of Trauma, Department of Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medicine, Yuan Ze University, 135 Yuan-Tung Rd, Chung-Li, 32003, Taiwan.
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Al Hariri M, Hamade B, Bizri M, Salman O, Tamim H, Al Jalbout N. Psychological impact of COVID-19 on emergency department healthcare workers in a tertiary care center during a national economic crisis. Am J Emerg Med 2021; 51:342-347. [PMID: 34808456 PMCID: PMC8571126 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2021.10.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Since the declaration of the novel Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) as a global pandemic by the World Health Organization, frontline healthcare workers (HCWs) and staff in the Emergency Departments (ED) started experiencing feelings of anxiety and fear from the projected exponential spread and the potential burden on the healthcare system and infrastructure. In Lebanon, major local factors contributing to this fear were the rapid escalation of COVID-19 cases across the country, the lack of preparedness, and the shortage of personal protective equipment, in addition to the evolving economic crisis and financial restrictions. This study aims to investigate the immediate psychological impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on ED staff working in a hospital environment in relation to their household income. Methods Self-reported cross-sectional survey was delivered to the frontline staff working at the Department of Emergency Medicine of AUBMC in Beirut, Lebanon. General demographic characteristics, scores of Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD-7), scores of Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9), and scores of Burnout Measure-Short (BMS) version were collected. Results 74 HCWs (49.6%) participated in the study. The mean age for participants was (31.78 ± 9.49). More than half of the participants were nurses and more than 70% reported a monthly salary of less than 2000 USD. The household income was negatively associated with the participants' scores on the GAD-7 and PHQ-9, but not the BMS. Previous mental health diagnosis was positively associated with the PHQ-9 and BMS scores, while seeking mental health care was negatively associated with the PHQ-9 and BMS scores. Conclusion At our tertiary care center in a low-income, low resource country amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, the HCWs reported marked psychological disturbances on different scales. In particular, the financial burden was associated with increased anxiety and clinical depression, but was not associated with burnout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moustafa Al Hariri
- Department of Emergency Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Bachar Hamade
- Emergency Services Institute, Department of Intensive Care and Resuscitation, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States of America.
| | - Maya Bizri
- Department of Psychiatry, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Oday Salman
- Department of Emergency Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Hani Tamim
- Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Nour Al Jalbout
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America.
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Froessl LJ, Abdeen Y. The Silent Pandemic: The Psychological Burden on Frontline Healthcare Workers during COVID-19. PSYCHIATRY JOURNAL 2021; 2021:2906785. [PMID: 34631873 PMCID: PMC8497139 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2906785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
This narrative review explores the full scope of harmful psychological effects of the COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease of 2019) pandemic on FLHCWs (Frontline healthcare workers). Additionally, we highlight the risk factors for worse outcomes. A literature review identified 24 relevant papers included in this synthesis. The majority of studies reported a high number of mental health conditions in HCWs (Healthcare workers) overall. Working in the frontline setting was repeatedly identified as an independent risk factor for poorer mental health. Additional risk factors, such as gender, occupational pressure, and low level of support from hospital administration, family, and the community, were also commonly identified. In the past, defined interventions have been shown to mitigate the psychological impact of high-stress situations on frontline workers. This review is aimed at identifying individuals at higher risk to help effectively target preventative measures in future stress situations in our healthcare system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luise J. Froessl
- Pulmonary and Sleep Physicians of Houston, P.A. 501 Orchard Street, Webster, TX 77589, USA
| | - Yazan Abdeen
- Pulmonary and Sleep Physicians of Houston, P.A. 501 Orchard Street, Webster, TX 77589, USA
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Kang MJ, Park JH. The effects of COVID-19 on physician’s burnout: a systematic review. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION 2021. [DOI: 10.5124/jkma.2021.64.9.636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: To suggest measures to prevent burnout of physicians during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, we conducted a systematic review of research on physician burnout due to COVID-19.Methods: Three foreign databases were used: MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. A search was performed using the following search terms: COVID-19, coronavirus, NCOV, physicians, doctors, residents, and burnout. Four rounds of review were performed to enhance the consistency of quality assessment. The Joanna Briggs Institute checklist for analytical cross-sectional studies was used to assess the quality of the eligible studies.Results: A total of 465 studies were identified, of which 32 were selected. The quality assessment determined that 19 studies met the Joanna Briggs Institute criteria and had a low risk of bias. The most common tool used to measure physician burnout in the 32 studies was the Maslach Burnout Inventory.Conclusion: This study systematically evaluated the literature on physician burnout. However, the generalizability of our findings to Korean physicians may be limited. The composition of the medical personnel in Korea, such as open doctors, volunteer doctors, medical professors, and public health doctors, differs significantly from that of other countries. Nevertheless, evaluating the current status of physician burnout due to COVID-19 globally may hold meaningful implications for policymaking.
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Abstract
Background and aims The COVID‐19 pandemic represents a source of stress and potential burnout for many physicians. This single‐site survey aimed at assessing perceived stress and risk to develop burnout syndrome among physicians operating in COVID wards. Methods This longitudinal survey evaluated stress and burnout in 51 physicians operating in the COVID team of Gemelli Hospital, Italy. Participants were asked to complete the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and the Perceived Stress Questionnaire on a short run (PSQs) (referring to the past 7 days) at baseline (T0) and then for four weeks (T1‐T4). Perceived Stress Questionnaire on a long run (PSQl) (referring to the past 2 years) was completed only at T0. Results Compared with physicians board‐certified in internal medicine, those board‐certified in other disciplines showed higher scores for the Emotional Exhaustion (EE) score of the MBI scale (P < .001). Depersonalisation (DP) score showed a reduction over time (P = .002). Attending physicians scored lower than the resident physicians on the DP scale (P = .048) and higher than resident physicians on the Personal Accomplishment (PA) scale (P = .04). PSQl predicted higher scores on the EE scale (P = .003), DP scale (P = .003) and lower scores on the PA scale (P < .001). PSQs showed a reduction over time (P = .03). Attending physicians had a lower PSQs score compared with the resident physicians (P = .04). Conclusions Medical specialty and clinical position could represent risk factors for the development of burnout in a COVID team. In these preliminary results, physicians board‐certified in internal medicine showed lower risk of developing EE during the entire course of the study.
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Han S, Choi S, Cho SH, Lee J, Yun JY. Associations between the working experiences at frontline of COVID-19 pandemic and mental health of Korean public health doctors. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:298. [PMID: 34107890 PMCID: PMC8188159 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03291-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Demographic, work environmental, and psychosocial features are associated with mental health of healthcare professionals at pandemic frontline. The current study aimed to find predictors of mental health for public health doctors from working experiences at frontline of COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS With first-come and first-served manner, 350 public health doctors with experiences of work at COVID-19 frontline participated online survey on August 2020. Mental health was defined using the total scores of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, the Perceived Stress Scale, and the Stanford Presenteeism Scale-6. Multivariate logistic regression models of mental health with lowest Akaike Information Criterion were determined among all combinations of working environments, perceived threats and satisfaction at frontline, and demographics that were significant (P < 0.05) in the univariate logistic regression. RESULTS Perceived distress, lowered self-efficacy at work, anxiety, and depressive mood were reported by 45.7, 34.6, 11.4, and 15.1% of respondents, respectively. Predictors of poor mental health found in the multivariate logistic regression analyses were environmental (insufficient personal protective equipment, workplace of screening center, prolonged workhours) and psychosocial (fear of infection and death, social stigma and rejection) aspects of working experiences at frontline. Satisfaction of monetary compensation and proactive coping (acceptance and willingness to volunteer at frontline) were predictive of better mental health. CONCLUSIONS Sufficient supply of personal protective equipment and training on infection prevention at frontline, proper workhours and satisfactory monetary compensation, and psychological supports are required for better mental health of public health doctors at frontline of COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangyoon Han
- grid.453552.0Eastern Seoul Detention Center, Ministry of Justice, Gwacheon-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Sejin Choi
- grid.453552.0Seoul Detention Center, Ministry of Justice, Gwacheon-si, Republic of Korea ,grid.412484.f0000 0001 0302 820XSeoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Joonhyuk Lee
- Hajang Public Health Center, Samcheok, Republic of Korea
| | - Je-Yeon Yun
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Yeongeon Student Support Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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