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Rimmer B, Finch T, Balla M, Dutton L, Williams S, Lewis J, Gallagher P, Burns R, Araújo‐Soares V, Menger F, Sharp L. Understanding supported self-management for people living with a lower-grade glioma: Implementation considerations through the lens of normalisation process theory. Health Expect 2024; 27:e14073. [PMID: 38733245 PMCID: PMC11087884 DOI: 10.1111/hex.14073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Supported self-management can improve clinical and psychosocial outcomes in people with cancer; the considerations required to implement self-management support (SMS) for people living with a lower-grade glioma (LGG)-who often have complex support needs-are not known. We aimed to identify and understand these implementation considerations through the lens of normalisation process theory (NPT), from the perspectives of healthcare professionals (HCP) and people with LGG. METHODS We conducted semistructured interviews with HCPs who support adults with brain tumours (n = 25; 12 different healthcare professions), and people with LGG who had completed primary treatment (n = 28; male n = 16, mean age 54.6 years, mean time since diagnosis 8.7 years), from across the United Kingdom. Interviews were transcribed and inductive open coding conducted, before deductively mapping to constructs of NPT. We first mapped HCP data, then integrated data from people with LGG to explore alignment in experiences and perspectives. RESULTS We generated supporting evidence for all four NPT constructs and related subconstructs, namely: 'Coherence', 'Cognitive participation', 'Collective action' and 'Reflexive monitoring'. Data from HCPs and people with LGG clearly demonstrated that effective SMS constitutes a collective activity. Key implementation considerations included: ensuring awareness of, and access to, support; building strong HCP-support recipient relationships; and careful inclusion of close family and friends. We identified pertinent challenges, such as identifying support needs (influenced by the extent to which those with LGG engage in help-seeking), resistance to support (e.g., technology literacy), training for HCPs and HCP cooperation. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the collective nature of, and provides insight into the individual roles within, supported self-management. We outline considerations to operationalise, sustain and appraise the implementation of SMS for people with LGG. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION People with brain tumours, and informal caregivers, were involved in the development of information materials and topic guides to ensure accessibility and pertinence. They also had opportunities to comment on interview findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Rimmer
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University Centre for CancerNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | - Tracy Finch
- Department of Nursing, Midwifery and HealthNorthumbria UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | - Michelle Balla
- Faculty of Medical SciencesNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | - Lizzie Dutton
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University Centre for CancerNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | - Sophie Williams
- Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | - Joanne Lewis
- Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | | | - Richéal Burns
- Faculty of ScienceAtlantic Technological UniversitySligoIreland
- Health and Biomedical Strategic Research CentreAtlantic Technological UniversitySligoIreland
| | - Vera Araújo‐Soares
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University Centre for CancerNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
- Department for Prevention of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, Centre for Preventive Medicine and Digital Health, Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany
| | - Fiona Menger
- School of Education, Communication and Language SciencesNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | - Linda Sharp
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University Centre for CancerNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
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Feng Y, Su M, Liu Y, Peng J, Sun X. Health-related quality of life among cancer survivors: pre-existing chronic conditions are to be given priority. Support Care Cancer 2024; 32:124. [PMID: 38252273 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-024-08315-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to describe the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of cancer survivors in China by the five-level EuroQol-5-dimension (EQ-5D-5L) questionnaire and to explore the impact of the comorbidity of pre-existing chronic conditions on HRQoL in cancer survivors. METHODS Data on cancer survivors were obtained from two cross-sectional surveys conducted in Shandong Province, China. The data of the Chinese general population, the Chinese diabetes population, the Chinese hypertension population, and the Chinese urban population from the published studies were used as the controls. The χ2 test was conducted to compare the incidence of five-dimensional problems between the study and control populations. The non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis test were performed to examine the differences in EQ-5D-5L utility scores. Besides, the Tobit regression model was used to examine the variables influencing the EQ-5D-5L utility score. RESULTS One thousand fifty-one adult cancer survivors were included. Cancer survivors had significantly lower EQ-5D-5L utility scores (Z = - 15.939, P < 0.001) and EQ-VAS scores (Z = - 11.156, P < 0.001) than the general adult population. The average EQ-5D-5L utility score of hypertensive cancer survivors was lower than that of the hypertensive population (Z = - 1.610, P = 0.107), but the difference was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION Compared to the general population, the HRQoL of cancer survivors was extremely poor in all dimensions of the EQ-5D-5L. Pre-existing chronic conditions had significant antecedent effects on the HRQoL of cancer survivors. Therefore, more attention should be paid to chronic diseases, and effective interventions should be adopted based on this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Feng
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Wenhuaxi Road 44#, Jinan, China
- National Health Commission Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Mingzhu Su
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Wenhuaxi Road 44#, Jinan, China
- National Health Commission Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yanxiu Liu
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Wenhuaxi Road 44#, Jinan, China
- National Health Commission Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jiaqi Peng
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Wenhuaxi Road 44#, Jinan, China
- National Health Commission Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaojie Sun
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Wenhuaxi Road 44#, Jinan, China.
- National Health Commission Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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Armoogum J, Foster C, Llewellyn A, Harcourt D, McCabe C. 'I think it affects every aspect of my life, really': Cancer survivors' experience of living with chronic pain after curative cancer treatment in England, UK. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290967. [PMID: 37656690 PMCID: PMC10473538 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To explore cancer survivors' experiences of living with chronic pain after curative cancer treatment in England, UK. METHODS A qualitative study using telephone interviews with adult cancer survivors experiencing chronic pain after curative cancer treatment. Interview data was analysed using a reflexive thematic approach [1-3]. FINDINGS Nineteen participants: 14 female, 5 male, mean age 62.4 years, 1.5-48 years since cancer diagnosis, eight tumour groups represented. Six participants (31.6%) developed chronic pain more than ten years after completing cancer treatment (range 0-25 years). Five themes were generated which highlighted the experience of chronic pain after cancer treatment for cancer survivors: 1) 'Hear me… believe me…. Please'. Survivors felt that they had not been listened to when they tried to talk about their chronic pain after cancer treatment, nor at times, believed. 2) 'Expectation versus reality'. Survivors had anticipated returning to pre cancer quality of life yet living in chronic pain prevented them from doing so. 3) 'They don't understand…. We don't understand'. Cancer survivors did not feel informed or prepared for the risk or reality of chronic pain after cancer treatment and this compounded the difficulties of coping with and managing their pain. They felt health care professionals lacked knowledge and understanding of chronic pain after cancer. 4) 'Negotiating the maze'. Cancer survivors encountered unclear and limited pathways for support, often bouncing from one support team to another. Identifying and accessing services was a challenge, and the responsibility of this was often left to the survivor. 5) 'Validate my pain, validate me'. Palpable relief and benefit was felt when health care professionals diagnosed and acknowledged their chronic pain after cancer treatment. CONCLUSIONS Cancer survivors can feel ill prepared for the risk of chronic pain after cancer treatment and can experience challenges accessing support from healthcare professionals and clinical services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Armoogum
- College of Health, Science and Society, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Claire Foster
- Centre for Psychosocial Research in Cancer, School of Health Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Alison Llewellyn
- College of Health, Science and Society, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Dorothy House Hospice, Winsley, United Kingdom
| | - Diana Harcourt
- College of Health, Science and Society, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Candida McCabe
- College of Health, Science and Society, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Dorothy House Hospice, Winsley, United Kingdom
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Stewart SJF, Slodkowska-Barabasz J, McGeagh L, Moon Z, Brett J, Wells M, Brown MC, Turner M, Horne R, Fenlon D, Rehman F, Cain H, Donnelly P, Harmer V, Turner L, Rose J, Sharp L, Watson E. Development of the HT&Me intervention to support women with breast cancer to adhere to adjuvant endocrine therapy and improve quality of life. Breast 2023; 70:32-40. [PMID: 37300986 PMCID: PMC10382955 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2023.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Approximately 80% of breast cancers are oestrogen receptor positive (ER+). Patients treated surgically are usually recommended adjuvant endocrine therapy (AET) for 5-10 years. AET significantly reduces recurrence, but up to 50% of women do not take it as prescribed. OBJECTIVE To co-design and develop an intervention to support AET adherence and improve health-related quality-of-life (QoL) in women with breast cancer. METHODS Design and development of the HT&Me intervention took a person-based approach and was guided by the Medical Research Council framework for complex interventions, based on evidence and underpinned by theory. Literature reviews, behavioural analysis, and extensive key stakeholder involvement informed 'guiding principles' and the intervention logic model. Using co-design principles, a prototype intervention was developed and refined. RESULTS The blended tailored HT&Me intervention supports women to self-manage their AET. It comprises initial and follow-up consultations with a trained nurse, supported with an animation video, a web-app and ongoing motivational 'nudge' messages. It addresses perceptual (e.g. doubts about necessity, treatment concerns) and practical (e.g. forgetting) barriers to adherence and provides information, support and behaviour change techniques to improve QoL. Iterative patient feedback maximised feasibility, acceptability, and likelihood of maintaining adherence; health professional feedback maximised likelihood of scalability. CONCLUSIONS HT&Me has been systematically and rigorously developed to promote AET adherence and improve QoL, and is complemented with a logic model documenting hypothesized mechanisms of action. An ongoing feasibility trial will inform a future randomised control trial of effectiveness and cost-effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah-Jane F Stewart
- Research Department of Practice and Policy, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, UK
| | | | - Lucy McGeagh
- Oxford Institute of Nursing, Midwifery and Allied Health Research, Oxford Brookes University, UK
| | - Zoe Moon
- Research Department of Practice and Policy, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, UK
| | - Jo Brett
- Oxford Institute of Nursing, Midwifery and Allied Health Research, Oxford Brookes University, UK
| | - Mary Wells
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, UK
| | - Morven C Brown
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, UK; Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, UK
| | - Mark Turner
- Research Software Engineering, Newcastle University, UK
| | - Robert Horne
- Research Department of Practice and Policy, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, UK
| | - Deborah Fenlon
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Science, Swansea University, UK
| | | | - Henry Cain
- Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | | | | | | | - Jan Rose
- Patient and Public Involvement Representatives, UK
| | - Linda Sharp
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, UK; Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, UK
| | - Eila Watson
- Oxford Institute of Nursing, Midwifery and Allied Health Research, Oxford Brookes University, UK.
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Derendorf L, Stock S, Simic D, Lemmen C. Developing quality indicators for cross-sectoral psycho-oncology in Germany: combining the RAND/UCLA appropriateness method with a Delphi technique. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:599. [PMID: 37291536 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-09604-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Internationally, the need for appropriately structured, high-quality care in psycho-oncology is more and more recognized and quality-oriented care is to be established. Quality indicators are becoming increasingly important for a systematic development and improvement of the quality of care. The aim of this study was to develop a set of quality indicators for a new form of care, a cross-sectoral psycho-oncological care program in the German health care system. METHODS The widely established RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method was combined with a modified Delphi technique. A systematic literature review was conducted to identify existing indicators. All identified indicators were evaluated and rated in a two-round Delphi process. Expert panels embedded in the Delphi process assessed the indicators in terms of relevance, data availability and feasibility. An indicator was accepted by consensus if at least 75% of the ratings corresponded to category 4 or 5 on a five-point Likert scale. RESULTS Of the 88 potential indicators derived from a systematic literature review and other sources, 29 were deemed relevant in the first Delphi round. After the first expert panel, 28 of the dissented indicators were re-rated and added. Of these 57 indicators, 45 were found to be feasible in terms of data availability by the second round of expert panel. In total, 22 indicators were transferred into a quality report, implemented and tested within the care networks for participatory quality improvement. In the second Delphi round, the embedded indicators were tested for their practicability. The final set includes 16 indicators that were operationalized in care practice and rated by the expert panel as relevant, comprehensible, and suitable for care practice. CONCLUSION The developed set of quality indicators has proven in practical testing to be a valid quality assurance tool for internal and external quality management. The study findings could contribute to traceable high quality in cross-sectoral psycho-oncology by providing a valid and comprehensive set of quality indicators. TRIAL REGISTRATION "Entwicklung eines Qualitätsmanagementsystems in der integrierten, sektorenübergreifenden Psychoonkologie-AP "Qualitätsmanagement und Versorgungsmanagement" zur Studie "integrierte, sektorenübergreifende Psychoonkologie (isPO)" a sub-project of the "integrierte, sektorenübergreifende Psychoonkologie (isPO)", was registered in the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS) (DRKS-ID: DRKS00021515) on 3rd September 2020. The main project was registered on 30th October 2018 (DRKS-ID: DRKS00015326).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Derendorf
- Institute for Health Economics and Clinical Epidemiology (IGKE), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Gleueler Str. 176-178, 50935, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Stephanie Stock
- Institute for Health Economics and Clinical Epidemiology (IGKE), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Gleueler Str. 176-178, 50935, Cologne, Germany
| | - Dusan Simic
- Institute for Health Economics and Clinical Epidemiology (IGKE), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Gleueler Str. 176-178, 50935, Cologne, Germany
| | - Clarissa Lemmen
- Institute for Health Economics and Clinical Epidemiology (IGKE), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Gleueler Str. 176-178, 50935, Cologne, Germany
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A Scoping Review and a Taxonomy to Assess the Impact of Mobile Apps on Cancer Care Management. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15061775. [PMID: 36980661 PMCID: PMC10046563 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mobile Health (mHealth) has a great potential to enhance the self-management of cancer patients and survivors. Our study aimed to perform a scoping review to evaluate the impact and trends of mobile application-based interventions on adherence and their effects on health outcomes among the cancer population. In addition, we aimed to develop a taxonomy of mobile-app-based interventions to assist app developers and healthcare researchers in creating future mHealth cancer care solutions. Relevant articles were screened from the online databases PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus, spanning the time period from 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2022. Of the 4135 articles initially identified, 55 were finally selected for the review. In the selected studies, breast cancer was the focus of 20 studies (36%), while mixed cancers were the subject of 23 studies (42%). The studies revealed that the usage rate of mHealth was over 80% in 41 of the 55 studies, with factors such as guided supervision, personalized suggestions, theoretical intervention foundations, and wearable technology enhancing adherence and efficacy. However, cancer progression, technical challenges, and unfamiliarity with devices were common factors that led to dropouts. We also proposed a taxonomy based on diverse theoretical foundations of mHealth interventions, delivery methods, psycho-educational programs, and social platforms. We suggest that future research should investigate, improve, and verify this taxonomy classification to enhance the design and efficacy of mHealth interventions.
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Lesaine E, Francis-Oliviero F, Domecq S, Bijon M, Cetran L, Coste P, Lhuaire Q, Miganeh-Hadi S, Pradeau C, Rouanet F, Sevin F, Sibon I, Saillour-Glenisson F. Effects of healthcare system transformations spurred by the COVID-19 pandemic on management of stroke and STEMI: a registry-based cohort study in France. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e061025. [PMID: 36130741 PMCID: PMC9494013 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the impact of changes in use of care and implementation of hospital reorganisations spurred by the COVID-19 pandemic (first wave) on the acute management times of patients who had a stroke and ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). DESIGN Two cohorts of patients who had an STEMI and stroke in the Aquitaine Cardio-Neuro-Vascular (CNV) registry. SETTING 6 emergency medical services, 30 emergency units (EUs), 14 hospitalisation units and 11 cathlabs in the Aquitaine region. PARTICIPANTS This study involved 9218 patients (6436 patients who had a stroke and 2782 patients who had an STEMI) in the CNV Registry from January 2019 to August 2020. METHOD Hospital reorganisations, retrieved in a scoping review, were collected from heads of hospital departments. Other data were from the CNV Registry. Associations between reorganisations, use of care and care management times were analysed using multivariate linear regression mixed models. Interaction terms between use-of-care variables and period (pre-wave, per-wave and post-wave) were introduced. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES STEMI cohort, first medical contact-to-procedure time; stroke cohort, EU admission-to-imaging time. RESULTS Per-wave period management times deteriorated for stroke but were maintained for STEMI. Per-wave changes in use of care did not affect STEMI management. No association was found between reorganisations and stroke management times. In the STEMI cohort, the implementation of systematic testing at admission was associated with a 41% increase in care management time (exp=1.409, 95% CI 1.075 to 1.848, p=0.013). Implementation of plan blanc, which concentrated resources in emergency activities, was associated with a 19% decrease in management time (exp=0.801, 95% CI 0.639 to 1.023, p=0.077). CONCLUSIONS The pandemic did not markedly alter the functioning of the emergency network. Although stroke patient management deteriorated, the resilience of the STEMI pathway was linked to its stronger structuring. Transversal reorganisations, aiming at concentrating resources on emergency care, contributed to maintenance of the quality of care. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04979208.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Lesaine
- CIC-EC 14-01, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- University of Bordeaux, ISPED, Centre INSERM U1219, Bordeaux Population Health, Bordeaux, France
| | - Florence Francis-Oliviero
- University of Bordeaux, ISPED, Centre INSERM U1219, Bordeaux Population Health, Bordeaux, France
- Pôle de santé publique, Service d'Information Médicale, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sandrine Domecq
- CIC-EC 14-01, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- University of Bordeaux, ISPED, Centre INSERM U1219, Bordeaux Population Health, Bordeaux, France
| | - Marine Bijon
- Pôle de santé publique, Service d'Information Médicale, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Laura Cetran
- Coronary Care Unit, CHU de Bordeaux Hôpital Cardiologique, Pessac, France
| | - Pierre Coste
- Coronary Care Unit, CHU de Bordeaux Hôpital Cardiologique, Pessac, France
- University of Bordeaux, Talence, France
| | - Quentin Lhuaire
- Pôle de santé publique, Service d'Information Médicale, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sahal Miganeh-Hadi
- CIC-EC 14-01, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- University of Bordeaux, ISPED, Centre INSERM U1219, Bordeaux Population Health, Bordeaux, France
| | | | | | - Floriane Sevin
- CIC-EC 14-01, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- University of Bordeaux, ISPED, Centre INSERM U1219, Bordeaux Population Health, Bordeaux, France
| | - Igor Sibon
- Neurology, Stroke Unit, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- INCIA CNRS UMR 5287, University of Bordeaux, Talence, France
| | - Florence Saillour-Glenisson
- University of Bordeaux, ISPED, Centre INSERM U1219, Bordeaux Population Health, Bordeaux, France
- Pôle de santé publique, Service d'Information Médicale, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
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