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Xu D, Liu D, Jiang N, Xie Y, He D, Cheng J, Liu J, Fu S, Hu G. Narirutin mitigates dextrose sodium sulfate-induced colitis in mice by modulating intestinal flora. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 130:155730. [PMID: 38759313 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a prolonged inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract. Current therapeutic options remain limited, underscoring the imperative to explore novel therapeutic strategies. Narirutin (NR), a flavonoid naturally present in citrus fruits, exhibits excellent anti-inflammatory effects in vitro, yet its in vivo efficacy, especially in UC, remains underexplored. OBJECTIVE This work examined the effect of NR on dextrose sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced UC in mice in vivo, with a specific focus on the role of gut flora in it. METHODS The effects of NR (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg) on DSS-induced UC in mice were investigated by monitoring changes in body weight, disease activity index (DAI) scores, colon length, and histological damage. Colonic levels of pro-inflammatory mediators, tight junction (TJ) proteins, and inflammation-related signaling pathway proteins were analyzed via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, western blot, and immunofluorescence. The role of gut microbiota in NR against colitis was analyzed through 16S rRNA sequencing, flora clearance assays, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) assays. RESULTS NR administration suppressed DSS-induced colitis as reflected in a decrease in body weight loss, DAI score, colon length shortening, and histological score. Furthermore, NR administration preserved the integrity of the DSS-induced intestinal barrier by inhibiting the reduction of TJ proteins (claudin3, occludin, and zonula occludens-1). Moreover, NR administration markedly repressed the activation of the toll-like receptor 4-mitogen-activated protein kinase/nuclear factor-κB pathway and reduced the amount of pro-inflammatory mediators in the colon. Importantly, the results of 16S rRNA sequencing showed that the intestinal flora of mice with colitis exhibited richer microbial diversity following NR administration, with elevated abundance of Lactobacillaceae (Lactobacillus) and decreased abundance of Bacteroidaceae (Bacteroides) and Shigella. In addition, the anti-colitis effect of NR almost disappeared after gut flora clearance. Further FMT assay also validated this gut flora-dependent protective mechanism of NR. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that NR is a prospective natural compound for the management of UC by modulating intestinal flora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianwen Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Dianfeng Liu
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Naiyuan Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yachun Xie
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Dewei He
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ji Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Juxiong Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Shoupeng Fu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Guiqiu Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
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Cheng N, Wang X, Zhou Y, Zhao X, Chen M, Zhao H, Cao W. Schisandra chinensis Bee Pollen Ameliorates Colitis in Mice by Modulating Gut Microbiota and Regulating Treg/Th17 Balance. Foods 2024; 13:585. [PMID: 38397562 PMCID: PMC10887782 DOI: 10.3390/foods13040585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Colitis is a chronic disease associated with alterations in the composition of gut microbiota. Schisandra chinensis bee pollen extract (SCPE) has been proved to be rich in phenolic compounds and effective in modulating gut microbiota, but its effect on colitis and the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study investigates the relationship between colitis amelioration and the gut microbiota regulation of SCPE via fecal microbial transplantation (FMT). The results showed that administration of 20.4 g/kg BW of SCPE could primely ameliorate colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in mice, showing as more integration of colon tissue structure and the colonic epithelial barrier, as well as lower oxidative stress and inflammation levels compared with colitis mice. Moreover, SCPE supplement restored the balance of T regulatory (Treg) cells and T helper 17 (Th17) cells. Gut microbiota analysis showed SCPE treatment could reshape the gut microbiota balance and improve the abundance of gut microbiota, especially the beneficial bacteria (Akkermansia and Lactobacillus) related to the production of short-chain fatty acids and the regulation of immunity. Most importantly, the protection of 20.4 g/kg BW of SCPE on colitis can be perfectly transmitted by fecal microbiota. Therefore, the gut microbiota-SCFAS-Treg/Th17 axis can be the main mechanism for SCPE to ameliorate colitis. This study suggests that SCPE can be a new promising functional food for prevention and treatment of colitis by reshaping gut microbiota and regulating gut immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Cheng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (N.C.); (X.W.); (H.Z.)
- Bee Product Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an 710065, China
| | - Xiaochao Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (N.C.); (X.W.); (H.Z.)
| | - Yaoyao Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (N.C.); (X.W.); (H.Z.)
| | - Xuanxuan Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (N.C.); (X.W.); (H.Z.)
| | - Minghao Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (N.C.); (X.W.); (H.Z.)
| | - Haoan Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (N.C.); (X.W.); (H.Z.)
- Bee Product Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an 710065, China
| | - Wei Cao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China; (N.C.); (X.W.); (H.Z.)
- Bee Product Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an 710065, China
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3
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Luiz-Ferreira A, Stolfi C. Special Issue "Drug Treatments for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases". Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 17:59. [PMID: 38256892 PMCID: PMC10818883 DOI: 10.3390/ph17010059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are chronic idiopathic, relapsing and remitting inflammatory diseases that affect the gastrointestinal tract, causing significant morbidity and loss of quality of life in affected individuals [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson Luiz-Ferreira
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Catalão (UFCAT), Catalão 75704-020, GO, Brazil
| | - Carmine Stolfi
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy;
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4
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Johnson TO, Akinsanmi AO, Ejembi SA, Adeyemi OE, Oche JR, Johnson GI, Adegboyega AE. Modern drug discovery for inflammatory bowel disease: The role of computational methods. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:310-331. [PMID: 36687123 PMCID: PMC9846937 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i2.310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) comprising ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease and microscopic colitis are characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. IBD has spread around the world and is becoming more prevalent at an alarming rate in developing countries whose societies have become more westernized. Cell therapy, intestinal microecology, apheresis therapy, exosome therapy and small molecules are emerging therapeutic options for IBD. Currently, it is thought that low-molecular-mass substances with good oral bio-availability and the ability to permeate the cell membrane to regulate the action of elements of the inflammatory signaling pathway are effective therapeutic options for the treatment of IBD. Several small molecule inhibitors are being developed as a promising alternative for IBD therapy. The use of highly efficient and time-saving techniques, such as computational methods, is still a viable option for the development of these small molecule drugs. The computer-aided (in silico) discovery approach is one drug development technique that has mostly proven efficacy. Computational approaches when combined with traditional drug development methodology dramatically boost the likelihood of drug discovery in a sustainable and cost-effective manner. This review focuses on the modern drug discovery approaches for the design of novel IBD drugs with an emphasis on the role of computational methods. Some computational approaches to IBD genomic studies, target identification, and virtual screening for the discovery of new drugs and in the repurposing of existing drugs are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jane-Rose Oche
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Jos, Jos 930222, Plateau, Nigeria
| | - Grace Inioluwa Johnson
- Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Jos, Jos 930222, Plateau, Nigeria
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5
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Niwano Y, Kohzaki H, Shirato M, Shishido S, Nakamura K. Putative Mechanisms Underlying the Beneficial Effects of Polyphenols in Murine Models of Metabolic Disorders in Relation to Gut Microbiota. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:1353-1375. [PMID: 35723314 PMCID: PMC8947480 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44030091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The beneficial effects of polyphenols on metabolic disorders have been extensively reported. The interaction of these compounds with the gut microbiota has been the focus of recent studies. In this review, we explored the fundamental mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of polyphenols in relation to the gut microbiota in murine models of metabolic disorders. We analyzed the effects of polyphenols on three murine models of metabolic disorders, namely, models of a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced metabolic disorder, dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, and a metabolic disorder not associated with HFD or DSS. Regardless of the model, polyphenols ameliorated the effects of metabolic disorders by alleviating intestinal oxidative stress, improving inflammatory status, and improving intestinal barrier function, as well as by modulating gut microbiota, for example, by increasing the abundance of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria. Consequently, polyphenols reduce circulating lipopolysaccharide levels, thereby improving inflammatory status and alleviating oxidative imbalance at the lesion sites. In conclusion, polyphenols likely act by regulating intestinal functions, including the gut microbiota, and may be a safe and suitable therapeutic agent for various metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimi Niwano
- Faculty of Nursing, Shumei University, Yachiyo 276-0003, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-47-411-7862
| | | | - Midori Shirato
- Department of Advanced Free Radical Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (M.S.); (S.S.); (K.N.)
| | - Shunichi Shishido
- Department of Advanced Free Radical Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (M.S.); (S.S.); (K.N.)
| | - Keisuke Nakamura
- Department of Advanced Free Radical Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (M.S.); (S.S.); (K.N.)
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6
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Wan F, Wang M, Zhong R, Chen L, Han H, Liu L, Zhao Y, Lv H, Hou F, Yi B, Zhang H. Supplementation With Chinese Medicinal Plant Extracts From Lonicera hypoglauca and Scutellaria baicalensis Mitigates Colonic Inflammation by Regulating Oxidative Stress and Gut Microbiota in a Colitis Mouse Model. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 11:798052. [PMID: 35059326 PMCID: PMC8763710 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.798052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colitis, a chronic inflammatory bowel disease, is characterized by bloody diarrhea and inflammation in the colon. Lonicera hypoglauca (“Shanyinhua” in Chinese) and Scutellaria baicalensis (“Huangqin” in Chinese) are two traditional Chinese medicinal plants rich in polyphenols, such as chlorogenic acid (CGA) and baicalin (BA), with the effects of anti-inflammation and antioxidation. However, it remains unknown whether extracts from L. hypoglauca and S. baicalensis (LSEs) could mitigate colonic inflammation. In the present study, ICR mice (22.23 ± 1.65 g) were allocated to three groups treated with chow diet without (CON) or with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) (CON+DSS) in water or LSE supplementation in diet with DSS (LSE+DSS), and then inflammatory and oxidative parameters and colonic microbiota were detected. The results showed that LSE (500 mg/kg) treatment mitigated DSS-induced colitis symptoms and restored the shortened colon length, the increased disease activity index (DAI), and the damaged intestinal barrier. In serum, LSE supplementation significantly decreased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and increased IL-10 level. Meanwhile, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were increased, and malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were decreased. In the colon tissue, qPCR results showed that LSE supplementation dramatically downregulated the transcriptional expression of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and MDA and upregulated the expression of SOD1, CAT, and IL-10. Additionally, the damaged gut barriers occludin and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) in the CON+DSS group were enhanced with LSE supplementation. Furthermore, LSE treatment regulated the gut microbial communities with higher relative abundance of Dubosiella and Ruminococcus torques group and lower relative abundance of Bacteroides and Turicibacter. Moreover, the contents of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) as products of gut microbiota were also increased. Correlation analysis showed that the mRNA expression of SOD1 was negatively correlated with TNF-α (r = -0.900, P < 0.05); the mRNA expression of IL-6 (r = -0.779, P < 0.05) and TNF-α (r = -0.703, P < 0.05) had a dramatically negative correlation with Dubosiella. In conclusion, LSE supplementation could effectively ameliorate inflammation by modulating oxidative stress and gut microbiota in a colitis mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Mengyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruqing Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Han
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Lei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huiyuan Lv
- Beijing Centre Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Fujiang Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bao Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongfu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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7
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Wan F, Zhong R, Wang M, Zhou Y, Chen Y, Yi B, Hou F, Liu L, Zhao Y, Chen L, Zhang H. Caffeic Acid Supplement Alleviates Colonic Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Potentially Through Improved Gut Microbiota Community in Mice. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:784211. [PMID: 34867926 PMCID: PMC8636926 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.784211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Caffeic acid (CA) is one of the major phenolic acids of coffee with multiple biological activities. Our previous study found that 500 mg/kg of chlorogenic acid (CGA) had the potential capacity of alleviating colonic inflammation. Moreover, CGA can be degraded into caffeic acid (CA) by the gut microbiota in the colon. Therefore, we hypothesize that CA can exert protective effects on colonic inflammation. To test the hypothesis, 251 mg/kg CA was supplemented to DSS-induced colitis mice. The results showed that CA treatment recovered DSS-induced disease activity index (DAI), colon length, and histopathology scores of colon tissue. Additionally, CA treatment significantly decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and increased the level of IL-10, total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and catalase (CAT) in serum. qPCR results indicated that CA treatment dramatically downregulated mRNA expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α as well as upregulated SOD1, GPX1, GPX2, CAT, and IL-10. In addition, CA supplementation significantly increased mRNA expression of Nrf-2, HO-1, and NQO1, which showed its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacities potentially by activating the Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway. Moreover, CA supplementation prevented gut barrier damage by enhancing Occludin gene expression. Furthermore, CA supplementation altered the gut microbiome composition by decreasing the relative abundance of Bacteroides and Turicibacter, and enhancing the relative abundance of Alistipes and Dubosiella. Meanwhile, CA supplementation increases the abundance of Dubosiella and Akkermansia. In conclusion, CA supplementation could effectively alleviate DSS-induced colitis by improving the defense against oxidative stress and inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ruqing Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mengyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yexun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bao Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fujiang Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongfu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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8
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Chlorogenic acid supplementation alleviates dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis via inhibiting inflammatory responses and oxidative stress, improving gut barrier integrity and Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
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9
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Cheng L, Wang Y, Xiang L, Qi J. Heat Shock Cognate 70 kDa Protein Is the Target of Tetradecyl 2,3-Dihydroxybenzoate for Neuritogenic Effect in PC12 Cells. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9101483. [PMID: 34680600 PMCID: PMC8533567 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9101483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tetradecyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate (ABG-001) is a lead compound derived from gentisides with a remarkable neuritogenic activity. However, the target of ABG-001 is yet to be defined to date. In this study, the potential target of ABG-001 was investigated via an activity-based protein profiling (ABPP) analysis, which is a chemical proteomic method for target identification by using chemical probes. Results indicated that the potential target proteins of ABG-001 were heat shock cognate 70 kDa protein (Hsc70), 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78), and 14-3-3 theta protein. Then, the potential target of ABG-001 was confirmed by using inhibitors, the cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) and small-interfering RNA (siRNA) analysis. The inhibitor of Hsc70 and siRNA significantly decreased the neurite outgrowth induced by ABG-001. Furthermore, ABG-001 induced neurite outgrowth was reduced by siRNA against Hsc70, and the results of CETSA suggested that Hsc70 showed a significant thermal stability-shifted effect upon ABG-001 treatment. These results indicated that Hsc70 is the target protein of ABG-001 in PC12 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lan Xiang
- Correspondence: (L.X.); (J.Q.); Tel./Fax: +86-571-8820-8627 (L.X. & J.Q.)
| | - Jianhua Qi
- Correspondence: (L.X.); (J.Q.); Tel./Fax: +86-571-8820-8627 (L.X. & J.Q.)
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10
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Fiocchi C, Dragoni G, Iliopoulos D, Katsanos K, Ramirez VH, Suzuki K, Torres J, Scharl M. Results of the Seventh Scientific Workshop of ECCO: Precision Medicine in IBD-What, Why, and How. J Crohns Colitis 2021; 15:1410-1430. [PMID: 33733656 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Many diseases that affect modern humans fall in the category of complex diseases, thus called because they result from a combination of multiple aetiological and pathogenic factors. Regardless of the organ or system affected, complex diseases present major challenges in diagnosis, classification, and management. Current forms of therapy are usually applied in an indiscriminate fashion based on clinical information, but even the most advanced drugs only benefit a limited number of patients and to a variable and unpredictable degree. This 'one measure does not fit all' situation has spurred the notion that therapy for complex disease should be tailored to individual patients or groups of patients, giving rise to the notion of 'precision medicine' [PM]. Inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] is a prototypical complex disease where the need for PM has become increasingly clear. This prompted the European Crohn's and Colitis Organisation to focus the Seventh Scientific Workshop on this emerging theme. The articles in this special issue of the Journal address the various complementary aspects of PM in IBD, including what PM is; why it is needed and how it can be used; how PM can contribute to prediction and prevention of IBD; how IBD PM can aid in prognosis and improve response to therapy; and the challenges and future directions of PM in IBD. This first article of this series is structured on three simple concepts [what, why, and how] and addresses the definition of PM, discusses the rationale for the need of PM in IBD, and outlines the methodology required to implement PM in IBD in a correct and clinically meaningful way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Fiocchi
- Department of Inflammation & Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, and Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Digestive Disease Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Gabriele Dragoni
- Gastroenterology Research Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences 'Mario Serio', University of Florence, Florence,Italy.,IBD Referral Center, Gastroenterology Department, Careggi University Hospital, Florence,Italy
| | | | - Konstantinos Katsanos
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ioannina School of Health Sciences, Ioannina,Greece
| | - Vicent Hernandez Ramirez
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xerencia Xestión Integrada de Vigo, and Research Group in Digestive Diseases, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute [IIS Galicia Sur], SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, Spain
| | - Kohei Suzuki
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX,USA
| | | | - Joana Torres
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, Loures, Portugal
| | - Michael Scharl
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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11
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Li Q, Cui Y, Xu B, Wang Y, Lv F, Li Z, Li H, Chen X, Peng X, Chen Y, Wu E, Qu D, Jian Y, Si H. Main active components of Jiawei Gegen Qinlian decoction protects against ulcerative colitis under different dietary environments in a gut microbiota-dependent manner. Pharmacol Res 2021; 170:105694. [PMID: 34087350 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
As an effective drug against acute enteritis diarrhea, Gegen Qinlian decoction (GQD) has a history of 2000 years. However, the potential molecular mechanism through which GQD could protect intestinal barrier from ulcerative colitis (UC) still remains undefined. As an important part of the homeostasis of the colon, gut microbiota is closely related to the dynamic evolution of the surrounding environment and the adjustment of dietary structure. At present, the effectiveness and mechanism of Jiawei Gegen Qinlian decoction against UC in different dietary environments are not clear. Here, the main active components of Jiawei Gegen Qinlian Decoction (PBM), were selected to construct a reasonable and effective compound scheme. We adopted "5% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)" and "high temperature and humidity + high sugar and high fat + alcohol + 5%DSS" to induce UC rat models in general environment and UC rat models in Lingnan area, respectively. Then, we examined the therapeutic effects of PBM (89.96 mg/kg and 179.92 mg/kg) on two kinds of UC rats. The role of gut microbiota in the anti-UC effect of PBM was identified by intestinal flora consumption and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) experiments. Subsequently, we monitored the alterations of gut microbiota and fecal metabolism in the rat colon by 16Sr DNA technique and targeted metabonomics, respectively. The colon inflammation of the PBM-treated and the FMT-treated rats both showed significant relief, as evidenced by a reduction in body weight loss, bloody stool, diarrhea, disease activity index (DAI) score, shortening of colon length as well as decreased colon histology damage. Interestingly enough, the depletion of intestinal flora took away the protective effect of PBM, confirming the importance of intestinal flora in the anti-UC effect of PBM. Then our findings suggested that PBM could not only regulate the gut microbiota by increasing Akkermansia and Romboutsia but also decrease Escherichia-Shigella. More importantly, PBM could increase the production of propionate and total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in colitis rats, regulate medium and long chain fatty acids (M-LCFAs), maintain bile acids (BAs) homeostasis, and regulate amino acids (AAs) metabolism. The transformation of intestinal environment might be related to the upregulation of anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation and tight junction protein expression in colonic mucosa. In summary, PBM showed potential for anti-UC activity through gut microbiota dependence and was expected to be a complementary and alternative medicine herb therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinmei Li
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China.
| | - Yao Cui
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China.
| | - Baichang Xu
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China.
| | - Yuhan Wang
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China.
| | - Feifei Lv
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China.
| | - Zheng Li
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China.
| | - Huan Li
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China.
| | - Xiaogang Chen
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China.
| | - Xiaomin Peng
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China.
| | - Yating Chen
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China.
| | - Enyun Wu
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China.
| | - Dongshuai Qu
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China.
| | - Yichen Jian
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China.
| | - Hongbin Si
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China.
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12
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The Insulin Receptor: A Potential Target of Amarogentin Isolated from Gentiana rigescens Franch That Induces Neurogenesis in PC12 Cells. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9050581. [PMID: 34065446 PMCID: PMC8160887 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9050581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Amarogentin (AMA) is a secoiridoid glycoside isolated from the traditional Chinese medicine, Gentiana rigescens Franch. AMA exhibits nerve growth factor (NGF)-mimicking and NGF-enhancing activities in PC12 cells and in primary cortical neuron cells. In this study, a possible mechanism was found showing the remarkable induction of phosphorylation of the insulin receptor (INSR) and protein kinase B (AKT). The potential target of AMA was predicted by using a small-interfering RNA (siRNA) and the cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA). The AMA-induced neurite outgrowth was reduced by the siRNA against the INSR and the results of the CETSA suggested that the INSR showed a significant thermal stability-shifted effect upon AMA treatment. Other neurotrophic signaling pathways in PC12 cells were investigated using specific inhibitors, Western blotting and PC12(rasN17) and PC12(mtGAP) mutants. The inhibitors of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), phospholipase C (PLC) and protein kinase C (PKC), Ras, Raf and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK) significantly reduced the neurite outgrowth induced by AMA in PC12 cells. Furthermore, the phosphorylation reactions of GR, PLC, PKC and an extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) were significantly increased after inducing AMA and markedly decreased after treatment with the corresponding inhibitors. Collectively, these results suggested that AMA-induced neuritogenic activity in PC12 cells potentially depended on targeting the INSR and activating the downstream Ras/Raf/ERK and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. In addition, the GR/PLC/PKC signaling pathway was found to be involved in the neurogenesis effect of AMA.
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Asperuloside suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation in DSS-induced chronic colitis and RAW 264.7 macrophages via Nrf2/HO-1 and NF-κB pathways. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 344:109512. [PMID: 33974900 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), which mainly include Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are chronic idiopathic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract for which effective pharmacological treatments are lacking or options are very limited. PURPOSE Here, we aim to investigate the therapeutic effects of an iridoid glycoside, asperuloside (ASP) on mice experimental chronic colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) and further explore underlying mechanisms in vitro and in vivo. METHODS LPS-treated RAW 264.7 cells showed inflammation and were assessed for various physiological, morphological and biochemical parameters in the absence or presence of ASP. Chronic colitis was induced by 2% DSS in mice, which were used as an animal model to explore the pharmacodynamics of ASP. We detected p65 and Nrf2 pathway proteins via Western blot and RT-PCR analysis, assessed the cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 via ELISA, tested p65 and Nrf2 nuclear translocation via fluorescence. In addition, the docking affinity of ASP and p65 or Nrf2 proteins in the MOE 2015 software. RESULTS We found that ASP attenuated weight loss, disease activity index (DAI) and colonic pathological damage in colitis mice and restored the expressions of inflammatory cytokines in the colon. In addition, ASP restored antioxidant capacity in DSS-induced chronic colitis mice and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Furthermore, ASP suppressed oxidative stress through increasing Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO-1 proteins expressions, and down-regulated nuclear levels of p65 to inhibit DSS-induced colonic oxidative stress and inflammation. Validation of the molecular docking results also indicated that ASP interacts with Nrf2 or p65 proteins. In summary, ASP improved DSS-induced chronic colitis by alleviating inflammation and oxidative stress, activating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling and limiting NF-κB signaling pathway, which may be an effective candidate for the treatment of IBD.
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14
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Onozato D, Ogawa I, Kida Y, Mizuno S, Hashita T, Iwao T, Matsunaga T. Generation of Budding-Like Intestinal Organoids from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. J Pharm Sci 2021; 110:2637-2650. [PMID: 33794275 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2021.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell-derived intestinal organoids have low invasiveness; however, the current differentiation method does not reflect the crypt-villus-like structure due to structural immaturity. Here, we generated budding-like organoids that formed epithelial tissue-like structures and had the characteristics of the mature small intestine from human iPS cells. They showed a high expression of drug transporters and induced the expression of cytochrome P450 3A4 and P-glycoprotein. When treated with tumor necrosis factor-α and/or transforming growth factor-β, the budding-like organoids replicated the pathogenesis of mucosal damage or intestinal fibrosis. Upon dissociation and seeding on cell culture inserts, the organoids retained intestinal characteristics, forming polarized intestinal folds with approximately 400 Ω × cm2 transepithelial electrical resistance. This novel method has great potential for disease modeling and drug screening applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daichi Onozato
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan
| | - Isamu Ogawa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan
| | - Yuriko Kida
- Educational Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan
| | - Shota Mizuno
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan
| | - Tadahiro Hashita
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan; Educational Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan
| | - Takahiro Iwao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan; Educational Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan.
| | - Tamihide Matsunaga
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan; Educational Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan
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15
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Miao F, Shan C, Ma T, Geng S, Ning D. Walnut oil alleviates DSS-induced colitis in mice by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation and regulating gut microbiota. Microb Pathog 2021; 154:104866. [PMID: 33775855 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.104866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) has become a global disease and closely related to changes in intestinal oxidative stress, inflammatory factors and gut microbiota. Furthermore, the NLRP3 inflammasome activation is a key cause in the pathogenesis of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. Recent data showed the potential antioxidative and anti-inflammatory advantage of walnut oil, which widely used in traditional medicine and has become a dietary supplement for some patients. Therefore, we investigated whether walnut oil exerts an anti-inflammatory effect on DSS-induced colitis mice by targeting NLRP3 inflammasome and gut microbiota. Our data showed that walnut oil ameliorated the pathological morphology, decreased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and pro-inflammatory cytokines release, down-regulated the related gene proteins expression of NLRP3/ASC/Caspase-1 inflammatory pathway, inhibited apoptosis, shifted from more pathogens towards probiotics, and increased the levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in DSS-induced damaging process. Collectively, our study concludes that walnut oil exerts anti-inflammatory effect on DSS-induced colitis in mice by inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome activation and modulating gut microbiota, and may be a prominent functional food candidate for UC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fujun Miao
- Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland, Kunming, 650204, China
| | - Chunlan Shan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China.
| | - Ting Ma
- Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland, Kunming, 650204, China
| | - Shuxiang Geng
- Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland, Kunming, 650204, China
| | - Delu Ning
- Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland, Kunming, 650204, China.
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16
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Ma L, Ni L, Yang T, Mao P, Huang X, Luo Y, Jiang Z, Hu L, Zhao Y, Fu Z, Ni Y. Preventive and Therapeutic Spermidine Treatment Attenuates Acute Colitis in Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:1864-1876. [PMID: 33541082 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c07095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with acute and chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract and has emerged to be a global disease. Spermidine, a natural polyamine, plays a critical role in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Herein, we investigated the impact and mechanism of spermidine on both dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)- and 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid solution (TNBS)-induced colitis in mice. We found that spermidine exerted protective effects against acute colitis, evidenced by reduced disease activity index (DAI) and colonic inflammation, increased colonic length, and upregulated tight junction proteins in these two colitis models. Importantly, spermidine exerted significant therapeutic and preventive effects against DSS-induced colitis. Pre- and post-treatment with spermidine reduced the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, phosphorylation of (nuclear factor-κB) NF-κB and (mitogen-activated protein kinase) MAPK, and the activation of F4/80 macrophages and T cells in the colon. Furthermore, spermidine upregulated M2 macrophage markers, whereas it downregulated M1 markers in the inflamed colons. In parallel, spermidine reduced M1 pro-inflammatory markers and enhanced M2 anti-inflammatory genes in RAW264.7 cells. These results revealed that spermidine-ameliorated colitis might be through the regulation of M1/M2 macrophage polarization. In addition, spermidine treatment also alleviated LPS/TNF-α-induced inflammation in Caco-2 cells. Taken together, spermidine prevented and reversed colonic inflammation in colitis mice and might be a promising candidate for IBD intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyan Ma
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Liyang Ni
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Tianqi Yang
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Pei Mao
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Xin Huang
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Yeqin Luo
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Zhiyuan Jiang
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Luting Hu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Yufeng Zhao
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Zhengwei Fu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Yinhua Ni
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
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17
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Miao F, Shan C, Shah SAH, Akhtar RW, Geng S, Ning D, Wang X. The protective effect of walnut oil on lipopolysaccharide-induced acute intestinal injury in mice. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:711-718. [PMID: 33598156 PMCID: PMC7866627 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Walnut oil (WO) is widely used in traditional medicine, and it has become a dietary supplement in many countries. We isolated walnut oil from Juglans sigillata and evaluated its protective effects on acute intestinal injury, and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mice was studied. The results showed that the LPS + WO group significantly decreased serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-1β levels and increased the jejunum superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) levels compared with the LPS group. Walnut oil ameliorated the pathological morphology of the LPS-induced acute jejunum injury and decreased jejunum cells apoptosis rate and TLR4/NF-κB protein expression. Furthermore, the expression of the TLR4/NF-κB pathway key gene mRNA significantly reduced after treatment with walnut oil. This study concludes that walnut oil can exert the protective effect on LPS-induced acute intestinal injury in mice by inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fujun Miao
- College of Food Science and TechnologyYunnan Agricultural UniversityKunmingChina
- Yunnan Academy of Forestry and GrasslandKunmingChina
| | - Chunlan Shan
- College of Animal Science and TechnologyYunnan Agricultural UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Syed Aftab Hussain Shah
- Pakistan Scientific & Technological Information CenterQuaid‐i‐Azam University CampusIslamabadPakistan
| | - Rana Waseem Akhtar
- Department of Veterinary and Animal SciencesMuhammad Nawaz Shareef University of AgricultureMultanPakistan
| | - Shuxiang Geng
- Yunnan Academy of Forestry and GrasslandKunmingChina
| | - Delu Ning
- Yunnan Academy of Forestry and GrasslandKunmingChina
| | - Xuanjun Wang
- College of Food Science and TechnologyYunnan Agricultural UniversityKunmingChina
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18
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Huang Y, Zhang Y, Wan T, Mei Y, Wang Z, Xue J, Luo Y, Li M, Fang S, Pan H, Wang Q, Fang J. Systems pharmacology approach uncovers Ligustilide attenuates experimental colitis in mice by inhibiting PPARγ-mediated inflammation pathways. Cell Biol Toxicol 2021; 37:113-128. [PMID: 33130971 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-020-09563-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic idiopathic disorder causing inflammation in the gastro-intestinal tract, which is lack of effective drug targets and medications. To identify novel therapeutic agents against consistent targets, we exploited a systems pharmacology-driven framework that incorporates drug-target networks of natural product and IBD disease genes. Our in silico approach found that Ligustilide (LIG), one of the major active components of Angelica acutiloba and Cnidium Officinale, potently attenuated IBD. The following in vivo and in vitro results demonstrated that LIG prevented experimental mice colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) via suppressing inflammatory cell infiltration, the activity of MPO and iNOS, and the expression and production of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. Subsequently, the network analysis helped to validate that LIG alleviated colitis by inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK/AP-1 pathway through activating PPARγ, which were further confirmed in RAW 264.7 cells and bone marrow-derived macrophages in vitro. In summary, this study reveals that LIG activated PPARγ to inhibit the activation of NF-κB and AP-1 signaling thus eventually alleviated DSS-induced colitis, which has promising activities and may serve as a candidate for the treatment of IBD.Graphical abstract This study suggested novel computational and experimental pharmacology approaches to identify potential IBD therapeutic agents by exploiting polypharmacology of natural products. We demonstrated that LIG could attenuate inflammation in IBD by inhibiting NF-κB and AP-1 pathways via PPARγ activation to reduce the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in macrophages. These findings offer comprehensive pre-clinical evidence that LIG may serve as a promising candidate for IBD therapy in the future. Graphical headlights: 1. Systems pharmacology uncovered Ligustilide attenuates experimental colitis in mice. 2. Network-based analysis predicted the mechanism of Ligustilide against IBD, which was validated by inhibiting PPARγ-mediated inflammation pathways. 3. Ligustilide activated PPARγ to inhibit NF-κB and AP-1 activation thus eventually alleviated DSS-induced colitis.4. Ligustilide has promising activities and may serve as a candidate for the treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Huang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, China.
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, 518118, Guangdong, China.
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, China
| | - Ting Wan
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, China
| | - Yu Mei
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, China
| | - Zihao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Jincheng Xue
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, China
| | - Min Li
- Clinical Medical College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuhuan Fang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, China
| | - Huafeng Pan
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, China.
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jiansong Fang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, China.
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong, China.
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19
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Li T, Wang C, Liu Y, Li B, Zhang W, Wang L, Yu M, Zhao X, Du J, Zhang J, Dong Z, Jiang T, Xie R, Ma R, Fang S, Zhou J, Shi J. Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Induce Intestinal Damage and Thrombotic Tendency in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J Crohns Colitis 2020; 14:240-253. [PMID: 31325355 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Despite the presence of neutrophil extracellular traps [NETs] in inflamed colon having been confirmed, the role of NETs, especially the circulating NETs, in the progression and thrombotic tendency of inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] remains elusive. We extended our previous study to prove that NETs constitute a central component in the progression and prothrombotic state of IBD. METHODS In all 48 consecutive patients with IBD were studied. Acute colitis was induced by the treatment of C57BL/6 mice with 3.5% dextran sulphate sodium [DSS] in drinking water for 6 days. Peripheral blood neutrophils and sera were collected from IBD patients and murine colitis models. Exposed phosphatidylserine [PS] was analysed with flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. Procoagulant activity was evaluated using clotting time, purified coagulation complex, and fibrin formation assays. RESULTS We observed higher plasma NET levels and presence of NETs in colon tissue in patients with active IBD. More importantly, NETs were induced in mice with DSS colitis, and inhibition of NET release attenuated colitis as well as colitis-associated tumorigenesis. NET degradation through DNase administration decreased cytokine levels during DSS-induced colitis. In addition, DNase treatment also significantly attenuated the accelerated thrombus formation and platelet activation observed in DSS-induced colitis. NETs triggered PS-positive microparticle release and PS exposure on platelets and endothelial cells partially through TLR2 and TLR4, converting them to a procoagulant phenotype. CONCLUSIONS NETs exacerbate colon tissue damage and drive thrombotic tendency during active IBD. Strategies directed against NET formation may offer a potential therapeutic approach for the treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- Department of Hematology, the First Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Nangang District, Harbin, PR, China.,Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chunxu Wang
- Department of Hematology, the First Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Nangang District, Harbin, PR, China
| | - Yingmiao Liu
- Department of Stomatology of the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Baorong Li
- Department of Stomatology of the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wujian Zhang
- Department of General Surgery of the First Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lixiu Wang
- Department of Cardiology of the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Muxin Yu
- Department of Hematology, the First Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Nangang District, Harbin, PR, China
| | - Xinyi Zhao
- Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jingwen Du
- Department of Hematology, the First Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Nangang District, Harbin, PR, China
| | - Jinming Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zengxiang Dong
- Department of Cardiology of the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of General Surgery of the First Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Rui Xie
- Department of Oncology of The Third Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ruishuang Ma
- Department of Oncology of The Third Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shaohong Fang
- Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jin Zhou
- Department of Hematology, the First Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Nangang District, Harbin, PR, China
| | - Jialan Shi
- Department of Hematology, the First Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Nangang District, Harbin, PR, China.,Medicine Departments of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, VA Boston Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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20
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Mei Y, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Wan T, Xue J, He W, Luo Y, Xu Y, Bai X, Wang Q, Huang Y. FA-97, a New Synthetic Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester Derivative, Ameliorates DSS-Induced Colitis Against Oxidative Stress by Activating Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway. Front Immunol 2020; 10:2969. [PMID: 31969881 PMCID: PMC6960141 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic idiopathic inflammatory disorder of gastro-intestinal tract, lacking effective drug targets and medications. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), a phenolic constituent derived from propolis, has been reported to be a potential therapeutic agent for IBD with low water solubility and poor bioavailability. In this study, we synthesized a new CAPE derivative (FA-97) and aimed to investigate the effect of FA-97 on DSS-induced colitis. Here, we found that FA-97 attenuated body weight loss, colon length shortening and colonic pathological damage in colitis mice, as well as inhibited inflammatory cell infiltration and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in colons. In addition, FA-97 reduced ROS production and MDA generation, while total antioxidant capacity both in DSS-induced colitis mice and LPS-stimulated primary BMDMs and RAW 264.7 cells were enhanced. Mechanically, FA-97 activated Nrf2 followed by increased HO-1 and NQO-1 and down-regulated nuclear levels of p65 and c-Jun, to suppress DSS-induced colonic oxidative stress. Moreover, FA-97 decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine expression and increased the antioxidant defenses in RAW 264.7 via Nrf2 activation. In general, this study reveals that FA-97 activates Nrf2/HO-1 pathway to eventually alleviate DSS-induced colitis against oxidative stress, which has potential activity and may serve as a candidate for IBD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Mei
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zihao Wang
- Centre of Clinical Research for Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Brain and Gut Axis (IBAG), Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, China.,Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Wan
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jincheng Xue
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei He
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yijun Xu
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue Bai
- Southwestern Medical University Affiliated Chinese Medicine Hospital, Quzhou, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yujie Huang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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21
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Zhao H, Cheng N, Zhou W, Chen S, Wang Q, Gao H, Xue X, Wu L, Cao W. Honey Polyphenols Ameliorate DSS‐Induced Ulcerative Colitis via Modulating Gut Microbiota in Rats. Mol Nutr Food Res 2019; 63:e1900638. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201900638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haoan Zhao
- Collage of Food Science and TechnologyNorthwest University 229 North TaiBai Road Xi'an 710069 China
- School of Chemical EngineeringNorthwest University 229 North TaiBai Road Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Ni Cheng
- Collage of Food Science and TechnologyNorthwest University 229 North TaiBai Road Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Wenqi Zhou
- Collage of Food Science and TechnologyNorthwest University 229 North TaiBai Road Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Sinan Chen
- Collage of Food Science and TechnologyNorthwest University 229 North TaiBai Road Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Chemical EngineeringNorthwest University 229 North TaiBai Road Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Hui Gao
- Collage of Food Science and TechnologyNorthwest University 229 North TaiBai Road Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Xiaofeng Xue
- Institute of Apicultural ResearchChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100093 China
| | - Liming Wu
- Institute of Apicultural ResearchChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100093 China
| | - Wei Cao
- Collage of Food Science and TechnologyNorthwest University 229 North TaiBai Road Xi'an 710069 China
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22
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Martin JC, Chang C, Boschetti G, Ungaro R, Giri M, Grout JA, Gettler K, Chuang LS, Nayar S, Greenstein AJ, Dubinsky M, Walker L, Leader A, Fine JS, Whitehurst CE, Mbow ML, Kugathasan S, Denson LA, Hyams JS, Friedman JR, Desai PT, Ko HM, Laface I, Akturk G, Schadt EE, Salmon H, Gnjatic S, Rahman AH, Merad M, Cho JH, Kenigsberg E. Single-Cell Analysis of Crohn's Disease Lesions Identifies a Pathogenic Cellular Module Associated with Resistance to Anti-TNF Therapy. Cell 2019; 178:1493-1508.e20. [PMID: 31474370 PMCID: PMC7060942 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 456] [Impact Index Per Article: 91.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Clinical benefits of cytokine blockade in ileal Crohn's disease (iCD) are limited to a subset of patients. Here, we applied single-cell technologies to iCD lesions to address whether cellular heterogeneity contributes to treatment resistance. We found that a subset of patients expressed a unique cellular module in inflamed tissues that consisted of IgG plasma cells, inflammatory mononuclear phagocytes, activated T cells, and stromal cells, which we named the GIMATS module. Analysis of ligand-receptor interaction pairs identified a distinct network connectivity that likely drives the GIMATS module. Strikingly, the GIMATS module was also present in a subset of patients in four independent iCD cohorts (n = 441), and its presence at diagnosis correlated with failure to achieve durable corticosteroid-free remission upon anti-TNF therapy. These results emphasize the limitations of current diagnostic assays and the potential for single-cell mapping tools to identify novel biomarkers of treatment response and tailored therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome C Martin
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Christie Chang
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Gilles Boschetti
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ryan Ungaro
- The Dr. Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY 10029, USA
| | - Mamta Giri
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - John A Grout
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Kyle Gettler
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ling-Shiang Chuang
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Shikha Nayar
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Alexander J Greenstein
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Marla Dubinsky
- Department of Pediatrics, Susan and Leonard Feinstein IBD Clinical Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Laura Walker
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Andrew Leader
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Jay S Fine
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Immunology and Respiratory Diseases Research, Ridgefield, CT 06877, USA
| | - Charles E Whitehurst
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Immunology and Respiratory Diseases Research, Ridgefield, CT 06877, USA
| | - M Lamine Mbow
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Immunology and Respiratory Diseases Research, Ridgefield, CT 06877, USA
| | - Subra Kugathasan
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lee A Denson
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Hyams
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, Hartford, CT, USA
| | | | | | - Huaibin M Ko
- The Dr. Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY 10029, USA; Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ilaria Laface
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Guray Akturk
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Eric E Schadt
- Department of Genetics and Genomics Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Helene Salmon
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Sacha Gnjatic
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Adeeb H Rahman
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Genetics and Genomics Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Miriam Merad
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Judy H Cho
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Ephraim Kenigsberg
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Genetics and Genomics Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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23
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Nanini HF, Bernardazzi C, Castro F, de Souza HSP. Damage-associated molecular patterns in inflammatory bowel disease: From biomarkers to therapeutic targets. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:4622-4634. [PMID: 30416310 PMCID: PMC6224468 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i41.4622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The chronic inflammatory process underlying inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), comprising Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, derives from the interplay of several components in a genetically susceptible host. These components include environmental elements and gut microbiota a dysbiosis. For decades, immune abnormalities have been investigated as critically important in IBD pathogenesis, and attempts to develop effective therapies have predominantly targeted the immune system. Nevertheless, immune events represent only one of the constituents contributing to IBD pathogenesis within the context of the complex cellular and molecular network underlying chronic intestinal inflammation. These factors need to be appreciated within the milieu of non-immune components. Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), which are essentially endogenous stress proteins expressed or released as a result of cell or tissue damage, have been shown to act as direct pro-inflammatory mediators. Excessive or persistent signalling mediated by such molecules can underlie several chronic inflammatory disorders, including IBD. The release of endogenous DAMPs amplifies the inflammatory response driven by immune and non-immune cells and promotes epigenetic reprogramming in IBD. The effects determine pathologic changes, which may sustain chronic intestinal inflammation and also underlie specific disease phenotypes. In addition to highlighting the potential use of DAMPs such as calprotectin as biomarkers, research on DAMPs may reveal novel mechanistic associations in IBD pathogenesis and is expected to uncover putative therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayandra Ferreira Nanini
- Serviço de Gastroenterologia e Laboratório Multidisciplinar de Pesquisa, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-913, Brazil
| | - Claudio Bernardazzi
- Serviço de Gastroenterologia e Laboratório Multidisciplinar de Pesquisa, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-913, Brazil
| | - Fernando Castro
- Serviço de Gastroenterologia e Laboratório Multidisciplinar de Pesquisa, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-913, Brazil
| | - Heitor Siffert Pereira de Souza
- Serviço de Gastroenterologia e Laboratório Multidisciplinar de Pesquisa, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-913, Brazil
- D’Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rua Diniz Cordeiro 30, Botafogo, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 22281-100, Brazil
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24
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Tyler CJ, Pérez-Jeldres T, Ehinger E, Capaldo B, Karuppuchamy T, Boyer JD, Patel D, Dulai P, Boland BS, Lannigan J, Eckmann L, Ernst PB, Sandborn WJ, Ho SB, Rivera-Nieves J. Implementation of Mass Cytometry as a Tool for Mechanism of Action Studies in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2018; 24:2366-2376. [PMID: 29889233 PMCID: PMC6185553 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izy214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Novel therapeutics for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are under development, yet mechanistic readouts at the tissue level are lacking. Techniques to assess intestinal immune composition could represent a valuable tool for mechanism of action (MOA) studies of novel drugs. Mass cytometry enables analysis of intestinal inflammatory cell infiltrate and corresponding molecular fingerprints with unprecedented resolution. Here, we aimed to optimize the methodology for isolation and cryopreservation of cells from intestinal tissue to allow for the potential implementation of mass cytometry in MOA studies. Methods We investigated key technical issues, including minimal tissue requirements, cell isolation protocols, and cell storage, using intestinal biopsies and peripheral blood from healthy individuals. High-dimensional mass cytometry was employed for the analyses of biopsy-derived intestinal cellular subsets. Results Dithiothreitol and mechanical dissociation decreased epithelial cell contamination and allowed for isolation of adequate cell numbers from 2 to 4 colonic or ileal biopsies (6 × 104±2 × 104) after a 20-minute collagenase digestion, allowing for reliable detection of most major immune cell subsets. Biopsies and antibody-labeled mononuclear cells could be cryopreserved for later processing and acquisition (viability > 70%; P < 0.05). Conclusions Mass cytometry represents a unique tool for deep immunophenotyping intestinal cell composition. This technique has the potential to facilitate analysis of drug actions at the target tissue by identifying specific cellular subsets and their molecular signatures. Its widespread implementation may impact not only IBD research but also other gastrointestinal conditions where inflammatory cells play a role in pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Tyler
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California
| | - Tamara Pérez-Jeldres
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California
- Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Erik Ehinger
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, La Jolla Institute of Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California
| | - Brian Capaldo
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Thangaraj Karuppuchamy
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California
| | - Joshua D Boyer
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California
| | - Derek Patel
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California
| | - Parambir Dulai
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California
| | - Brigid S Boland
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Joanne Lannigan
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Lars Eckmann
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Peter B Ernst
- Division of Comparative Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Chiba University–UC San Diego Program in Mucosal Immunology, Allergy and Vaccines, San Diego, California
| | | | - Samuel B Ho
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California
| | - Jesús Rivera-Nieves
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California
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25
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Titz B, Gadaleta RM, Lo Sasso G, Elamin A, Ekroos K, Ivanov NV, Peitsch MC, Hoeng J. Proteomics and Lipidomics in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research: From Mechanistic Insights to Biomarker Identification. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092775. [PMID: 30223557 PMCID: PMC6163330 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) represents a group of progressive disorders characterized by recurrent chronic inflammation of the gut. Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are the major manifestations of IBD. While our understanding of IBD has progressed in recent years, its etiology is far from being fully understood, resulting in suboptimal treatment options. Complementing other biological endpoints, bioanalytical "omics" methods that quantify many biomolecules simultaneously have great potential in the dissection of the complex pathogenesis of IBD. In this review, we focus on the rapidly evolving proteomics and lipidomics technologies and their broad applicability to IBD studies; these range from investigations of immune-regulatory mechanisms and biomarker discovery to studies dissecting host⁻microbiome interactions and the role of intestinal epithelial cells. Future studies can leverage recent advances, including improved analytical methodologies, additional relevant sample types, and integrative multi-omics analyses. Proteomics and lipidomics could effectively accelerate the development of novel targeted treatments and the discovery of complementary biomarkers, enabling continuous monitoring of the treatment response of individual patients; this may allow further refinement of treatment and, ultimately, facilitate a personalized medicine approach to IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bjoern Titz
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland.
| | - Raffaella M Gadaleta
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland.
| | - Giuseppe Lo Sasso
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland.
| | - Ashraf Elamin
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland.
| | - Kim Ekroos
- Lipidomics Consulting Ltd., Irisviksvägen 31D, 02230 Esbo, Finland.
| | - Nikolai V Ivanov
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland.
| | - Manuel C Peitsch
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland.
| | - Julia Hoeng
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland.
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26
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Leber A, Hontecillas R, Zoccoli-Rodriguez V, Bassaganya-Riera J. Activation of LANCL2 by BT-11 Ameliorates IBD by Supporting Regulatory T Cell Stability Through Immunometabolic Mechanisms. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2018; 24:1978-1991. [PMID: 29718324 PMCID: PMC6241665 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izy167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) afflicts 5 million people and is increasing in prevalence. There is an unmet clinical need for safer and effective treatments for IBD. The BT-11 is a small molecule oral therapeutic that ameliorates IBD by targeting lanthionine synthetase C-like 2 (LANCL2) and has a benign safety profile in rats. METHODS Mdr1a-/-, dextran sodium sulphate , and adoptive transfer mouse models of colitis were employed to validate therapeutic efficacy and characterize the mechanisms of therapeutic efficacy of BT-11. In vitro cultures of CD4+ T cell differentiation and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells from Crohn's disease patients were used to determine its potential for human translation. RESULTS BT-11 reduces inflammation in multiple mouse models of IBD. Oral treatment with BT-11 increases the numbers of lamina propria regulatory T cells (Tregs) in a LANCL2-dependent manner. In vitro, BT-11 increases the differentiation in Treg phenotypes, the upregulation of genes implicated in Treg cell stability, and conditions Treg cells to elicit greater suppressive actions. These immunoregulatory effects are intertwined with the ability of BT-11 to regulate late stage glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid cycle. Immunometabolic mechanistic findings translate into human peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy individuals and Crohn's disease patients. CONCLUSIONS BT-11 is a safe, efficacious oral therapeutic for IBD with a human translatable mechanism of action that involves activation of LANCL2, immunometabolic modulation of CD4+ T cell subsets leading to stable regulatory phenotypes in the colonic LP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Josep Bassaganya-Riera
- Landos Biopharma Inc, Blacksburg, VA,Correspondence address: Dr Josep Bassaganya-Riera Landos Biopharma Inc, 1800 Kraft Drive, Suite 216 Blacksburg VA 24060. E-mail:
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27
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Panés J, Salas A. Past, Present and Future of Therapeutic Interventions Targeting Leukocyte Trafficking in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J Crohns Colitis 2018; 12:S633-S640. [PMID: 30137311 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjy011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Studies in the 1990s using animal models of intestinal inflammation delineated the crucial molecules involved in leukocyte attraction and retention to the inflamed gut and associated lymphoid tissues. The first drug targeting leukocyte trafficking tested in inflammatory bowel diseases was the anti-ICAM-1 antisense oligonucleotide alicaforsen, showing only modest efficacy. Subsequently, the anti-α4 monoclonal antibody natalizumab proved efficacious for induction and maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease, but was associated with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy due to its ability to interfere with both α4β1 and α4β7 function. Later developments in this area took advantage of the fairly selective expression of MAdCAM-1 in the digestive organs, showing that vedolizumab, a more specific monoclonal antibody selectively blocking MAdCAM-1 binding to integrin α4β7, was efficacious for induction and maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, and it was not associated with neurological complications. Currently, other drugs targeting the β7 subunit, immunoglobulin superfamily molecules expressed on the endothelium, as well as blockade of lymphocyte recirculation in lymph nodes through modulation of sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors are under development. The potential use and risks of combined anti-trafficking therapy will be examined in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julián Panés
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Azucena Salas
- Institut d'investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
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28
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Chang S, Hanauer S. Optimizing pharmacologic management of inflammatory bowel disease. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2017; 10:595-607. [DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2017.1318062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Hanauer SB. Targeting interleukin 23 for Crohn's disease: finding the right drug for the right patient. Lancet 2017; 389:1671-1672. [PMID: 28411871 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(17)30977-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen B Hanauer
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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30
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Jairath V, Levesque BG, Vande Casteele N, Khanna R, Mosli M, Hindryckx P, Travis S, Duijvestein M, Rimola J, Panes J, D'Haens G, Sandborn WJ, Feagan BG. Evolving Concepts in Phases I and II Drug Development for Crohn's Disease. J Crohns Colitis 2017; 11:246-255. [PMID: 27487793 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjw137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The highest attrition rates during drug development programmes occur at the proof of concept stage. Given the large number of molecules under development for Crohn's disease, a need exists to improve the efficiency of early drug development by fast-tracking promising agents and terminating ineffective ones. Multiple opportunities are available to achieve these goals, including the use of more responsive outcome measures, and the incorporation of sophisticated pharmacokinetic modelling and/or highly specific pharmacodynamic markers into exposure-based dosing regimens and novel trial designs. In this article we review these strategies and propose an integrated paradigm of early drug development in Crohn's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipul Jairath
- Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.,Robarts Clinical Trials Inc., Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.,Nuffield Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Barrett G Levesque
- Robarts Clinical Trials Inc., Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.,Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Niels Vande Casteele
- Robarts Clinical Trials Inc., Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.,Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,KU Leuven Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Reena Khanna
- Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.,Robarts Clinical Trials Inc., Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Mahmoud Mosli
- Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pieter Hindryckx
- Robarts Clinical Trials Inc., Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.,University Hospital of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Simon Travis
- Nuffield Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Marjolijn Duijvestein
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jordi Rimola
- Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julian Panes
- Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Geert D'Haens
- Robarts Clinical Trials Inc., Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - William J Sandborn
- Robarts Clinical Trials Inc., Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.,Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Brian G Feagan
- Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada .,Robarts Clinical Trials Inc., Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
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31
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The Dual Role of Neutrophils in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. J Clin Med 2016; 5:jcm5120118. [PMID: 27999328 PMCID: PMC5184791 DOI: 10.3390/jcm5120118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, are characterised by aberrant immunological responses leading to chronic inflammation without tissue regeneration. These two diseases are considered distinct entities, and there is some evidence that neutrophil behaviour, above all other aspects of immunity, clearly separate them. Neutrophils are the first immune cells recruited to the site of inflammation, and their action is crucial to limit invasion by microorganisms. Furthermore, they play an essential role in proper resolution of inflammation. When these processes are not tightly regulated, they can trigger positive feedback amplification loops that promote neutrophil activation, leading to significant tissue damage and evolution toward chronic disease. Defective chemotaxis, as observed in Crohn’s disease, can also contribute to the disease through impaired microbe elimination. In addition, through NET production, neutrophils may be involved in thrombo-embolic events frequently observed in IBD patients. While the role of neutrophils has been studied in different animal models of IBD for many years, their contribution to the pathogenesis of IBD remains poorly understood, and no molecules targeting neutrophils are used and validated for the treatment of these pathologies. Therefore, it is crucial to improve our understanding of their mode of action in these particular conditions in order to provide new therapeutic avenues for IBD.
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32
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Gubernatorova EO, Tumanov AV. Tumor Necrosis Factor and Lymphotoxin in Regulation of Intestinal Inflammation. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2016; 81:1309-1325. [PMID: 27914457 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297916110092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are the major forms of inflammatory bowel disease. Cytokines of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family play an important role in the regulation of intestinal inflammation. In this review, we discuss the function of key cytokines of this family - TNF and lymphotoxin (LT) - in mucosal healing, IgA production, and in control of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), novel regulators of mucosal homeostasis in the gut. TNF plays a central role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). LT regulates group 3 of ILCs and IL-22 production and protects the epithelium against damage by chemicals and mucosal bacterial pathogens. In addition, we discuss major mouse models employed to study the mechanism of intestinal inflammation, their advantages and limitations, as well as application of TNF blockers in the therapy for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- E O Gubernatorova
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
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