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Nayar S, Saranya SK, Mohan AS, Janakiram C, Reintsema H, Mathew A. Do Implant Retained Prostheses Improve the Quality of Life of Patients with Extraoral Maxillofacial Defects - A Systematic Review. Eur J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2024. [PMID: 38591505 DOI: 10.1922/ejprd_2627nayer07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is limited evidence available regarding patient satisfaction and quality of life assessment in patients with extraoral maxillofacial prostheses. OBJECTIVES This systematic review aims to understand the impact of extraoral implant retained prosthesis in improving the quality of life in patients with extraoral maxillofacial defects/abnormalities. METHODS A comprehensive search was performed of nine electronic databases up to August 2022, which yielded three articles that satisfied the inclusion criteria. The study characteristics and findings were extracted, and the included studies were assessed for quality. RESULTS Three cohort studies were selected. Despite the lack of uniformity in the quality of life instruments, there was a general trend in improvement in the quality of life for patients with implant retained extraoral prostheses. The studies were also deemed to be of high quality on assessment. CONCLUSION Given the limitations of this systematic review, there exists limited evidence indicating that implant prostheses may enhance the quality of life for individuals with extraoral maxillofacial defects or abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nayar
- Institute for Reconstructive Sciences in Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - S K Saranya
- Department of Prosthodontics, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita School of Dentistry, Kochi, India
| | - A S Mohan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita School of Dentistry, Kochi, India
| | - C Janakiram
- Department of Prosthodontics, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita School of Dentistry, Kochi, India
| | - H Reintsema
- Center for Special Dental Care, Dept Oral Maxillofacial Surgery UMCG, NL-9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - A Mathew
- Department of Prosthodontics, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita School of Dentistry, Kochi, India
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Hsu NY, Nayar S, Gettler K, Talware S, Giri M, Alter I, Argmann C, Sabic K, Thin TH, Ko HBM, Werner R, Tastad C, Stappenbeck T, Azabdaftari A, Uhlig HH, Chuang LS, Cho JH. NOX1 is essential for TNFα-induced intestinal epithelial ROS secretion and inhibits M cell signatures. Gut 2023; 72:654-662. [PMID: 36191961 PMCID: PMC9998338 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2021-326305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Loss-of-function mutations in genes generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as NOX1, are associated with IBD. Mechanisms whereby loss of ROS drive IBD are incompletely defined. DESIGN ROS measurements and single-cell transcriptomics were performed on colonoids stratified by NOX1 genotype and TNFα stimulation. Clustering of epithelial cells from human UC (inflamed and uninflamed) scRNASeq was performed. Validation of M cell induction was performed by immunohistochemistry using UEA1 (ulex europaeus agglutin-1 lectin) and in vivo with DSS injury. RESULTS TNFα induces ROS production more in NOX1-WT versus NOX1-deficient murine colonoids under a range of Wnt-mediated and Notch-mediated conditions. scRNASeq from inflamed and uninflamed human colitis versus TNFα stimulated, in vitro colonoids defines substantially shared, induced transcription factors; NOX1-deficient colonoids express substantially lower levels of STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3), CEBPD (CCAAT enhancer-binding protein delta), DNMT1 (DNA methyltransferase) and HIF1A (hypoxia-inducible factor) baseline. Subclustering unexpectedly showed marked TNFα-mediated induction of M cells (sentinel cells overlying lymphoid aggregates) in NOX1-deficient colonoids. M cell induction by UEA1 staining is rescued with H2O2 and paraquat, defining extra- and intracellular ROS roles in maintenance of LGR5+ stem cells. DSS injury demonstrated GP2 (glycoprotein-2), basal lymphoplasmacytosis and UEA1 induction in NOX1-deficiency. Principal components analyses of M cell genes and decreased DNMT1 RNA velocity correlate with UC inflammation. CONCLUSIONS NOX1 deficiency plus TNFα stimulation contribute to colitis through dysregulation of the stem cell niche and altered cell differentiation, enhancing basal lymphoplasmacytosis. Our findings prioritise ROS modulation for future therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nai-Yun Hsu
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Shikha Nayar
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kyle Gettler
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sayali Talware
- Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Department of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- The Icahn Genomic Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mamta Giri
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Isaac Alter
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Carmen Argmann
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ksenija Sabic
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Tin Htwe Thin
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Huai-Bin Mabel Ko
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Robert Werner
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Christopher Tastad
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Thaddeus Stappenbeck
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Aline Azabdaftari
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Holm H Uhlig
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ling-Shiang Chuang
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Judy H Cho
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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Morrison JK, DeRossi C, Alter IL, Nayar S, Giri M, Zhang C, Cho JH, Chu J. Single-cell transcriptomics reveals conserved cell identities and fibrogenic phenotypes in zebrafish and human liver. Hepatol Commun 2022; 6:1711-1724. [PMID: 35315595 PMCID: PMC9234649 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying liver fibrosis are multifaceted and remain elusive with no approved antifibrotic treatments available. The adult zebrafish has been an underutilized tool to study liver fibrosis. We aimed to characterize the single-cell transcriptome of the adult zebrafish liver to determine its utility as a model for studying liver fibrosis. We used single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of adult zebrafish liver to study the molecular and cellular dynamics at a single-cell level. We performed a comparative analysis to scRNA-seq of human liver with a focus on hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), the driver cells in liver fibrosis. scRNA-seq reveals transcriptionally unique populations of hepatic cell types that comprise the zebrafish liver. Joint clustering with human liver scRNA-seq data demonstrates high conservation of transcriptional profiles and human marker genes in zebrafish. Human and zebrafish HSCs show conservation of transcriptional profiles, and we uncover collectin subfamily member 11 (colec11) as a novel, conserved marker for zebrafish HSCs. To demonstrate the power of scRNA-seq to study liver fibrosis using zebrafish, we performed scRNA-seq on our zebrafish model of a pediatric liver disease with mutation in mannose phosphate isomerase (MPI) and characteristic early liver fibrosis. We found fibrosis signaling pathways and upstream regulators conserved across MPI-depleted zebrafish and human HSCs. CellPhoneDB analysis of zebrafish transcriptome identified neuropilin 1 as a potential driver of liver fibrosis. Conclusion: This study establishes the first scRNA-seq atlas of the adult zebrafish liver, highlights the high degree of similarity to human liver, and strengthens its value as a model to study liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua K Morrison
- Department of PediatricsIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Charles DeRossi
- Department of PediatricsIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Isaac L Alter
- Department of PediatricsIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Shikha Nayar
- Department of Genetics and Genomic SciencesIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Mamta Giri
- The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized MedicineIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Cell BiologyAlbert Einstein College of MedicineNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Judy H Cho
- The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized MedicineIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Jaime Chu
- Department of PediatricsIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
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Nayar S, Cho JH. From single-target to cellular niche targeting in Crohn's disease: intercepting bad communications. EBioMedicine 2021; 74:103690. [PMID: 34773892 PMCID: PMC8601974 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The mainstay of moderate to severe Crohn's disease (CD), anti-TNF treatment, shows no clinical benefit in ∼40% of patients, likely due to incomplete cellular targeting and delayed treatment institution. While single-target therapeutics have been highly effective for some CD patients, substantial limitations with respect to safety, efficacy, and long-term, complete remission remain. Deconvolution of the cellular and molecular circuitry of tissue lesions underscores the importance of combinatorial strategies targeting cellular niches. This review aims to evaluate current therapeutic approaches used to manage CD, and highlight recent advances to our cellular, genetic, and molecular understanding of mechanisms driving pathogenic niche activation in CD. We propose new frameworks outlining that combinatorial therapies, along with serial tissue sampling and studies guided by genetics and genomics, can advance on current treatment approaches and will inform newer strategies upon which we can move towards precision therapeutics in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Nayar
- The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Ave, Hess CSM Building Room 8-201, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Judy H Cho
- The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Ave, Hess CSM Building Room 8-201, New York, NY 10029, USA
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Colafrancesco S, Barbati C, Priori R, Putro E, Giardina F, Gattamelata A, Monosi B, Colasanti T, Celia AI, Cerbelli B, Giordano C, Scarpa S, Fusconi M, Cavalli G, Berardicurti O, Gandolfo S, Nayar S, Barone F, Giacomelli R, De Vita S, Alessandri C, Conti F. Maladaptive autophagy in the pathogenesis of autoimmune epithelitis in Sjӧgren's Syndrome. Arthritis Rheumatol 2021; 74:654-664. [PMID: 34748286 DOI: 10.1002/art.42018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Salivary gland epithelial cells (SGECs) are key cellular drivers in the pathogenesis of primary Sjӧgren's Syndrome (pSS); however, the mechanisms sustaining SGECs activation in pSS remain undetermined. The aim of this study is to determine the role of autophagy in the survival and activation of SGECs in pSS. METHODS Primary SGECs isolated from minor salivary glands (SG) of patients with pSS or sicca syndrome were evaluated by flow-cytometry, immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence to assess autophagy (autophagic-flux, LC3IIB, p62, LC3B+/LAMP1+ staining), apoptosis (annexin V/PI, Caspase-3) and activation (ICAM, VCAM). Focus score and germinal centers presence was assessed in SG from the same patients to correlate with histological severity. Human salivary gland (HSG) cells were stimulated in vitro with PBMCs and serum from pSS patients in the presence or absence of autophagy inhibitors to determine changes in autophagy and epithelial cell activation. RESULTS SGECs from pSS patients (n=24) exhibited increased autophagy (autophagic-flux p=0.001; LC3IIB p=0.02; p62 p=0.064; LC3IIB/LAMP1+ staining), increased expression of anti-apoptotic molecules (Bcl2 p=0.006), and reduced apoptosis (Annexin-V/PI p=0.002, Caspase-3 p=0.057) compared to sicca (n=16). Autophagy correlated with histologic disease severity. In vitro experiments on HSG cells stimulated with serum and PBMCs from pSS patients confirmed activation of autophagy and expression of adhesion molecules, which was reverted upon pharmacologic inhibition of autophagy. CONCLUSIONS In pSS SGECs, inflammation induces autophagy and pro-survival mechanisms, which promote SGEC activation and mirror histological severity. These findings indicate that autophagy is a central contributor to the pathogenesis of pSS and a new therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Colafrancesco
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Clinical Internal, Anaesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - C Barbati
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Clinical Internal, Anaesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - R Priori
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Clinical Internal, Anaesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.,Saint Camillus International University of Health Science, UniCamillus, Rome, Italy
| | - E Putro
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Clinical Internal, Anaesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - F Giardina
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Clinical Internal, Anaesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - A Gattamelata
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Clinical Internal, Anaesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - B Monosi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Clinical Internal, Anaesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - T Colasanti
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Clinical Internal, Anaesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - A I Celia
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Clinical Internal, Anaesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - B Cerbelli
- Department of Radiological, oncological and anatomo-pathological sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - C Giordano
- Department of Radiological, oncological and anatomo-pathological sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - S Scarpa
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - M Fusconi
- Department Organs of Sense, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - G Cavalli
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy, and Rare Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - O Berardicurti
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - S Gandolfo
- Clinic of Rheumatology, DAME, University Hospital of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - S Nayar
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - F Barone
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - R Giacomelli
- Unit of Allergology, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - S De Vita
- Clinic of Rheumatology, DAME, University Hospital of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - C Alessandri
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Clinical Internal, Anaesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - F Conti
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Clinical Internal, Anaesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
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Walshe M, Nayeri S, Ji J, Hernandez-Rocha C, Sabic K, Hu L, Giri M, Nayar S, Brant S, McGovern DPB, Rioux JD, Duerr RH, Cho JH, Schumm PL, Lazarev M, Silverberg MS. A Role for CXCR3 Ligands as Biomarkers of Post-Operative Crohn's Disease Recurrence. J Crohns Colitis 2021; 16:900-910. [PMID: 34698823 PMCID: PMC9282882 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Crohn's disease [CD] recurrence following ileocolic resection [ICR] is common. We sought to identify blood-based biomarkers associated with CD recurrence. METHODS CD patients undergoing ICR were recruited across six centres. Serum samples were obtained at post-operative colonoscopy. A multiplex immunoassay was used to analyse 92 inflammation-related proteins [Olink Proteomics]. Bayesian analysis was used to identify proteins associated with increasing Rutgeerts score. Identified proteins were used in receiver operating characteristic [ROC] analysis to examine the ability to identify CD recurrence [Rutgeerts score ≥i2]. Existing single cell data were interrogated to further elucidate the role of the identified proteins. RESULTS Data from 276 colonoscopies in 213 patients were available. Median time from surgery to first and second colonoscopy was 7 (interquartile range [IQR] 6-9) and 19 [IQR 16-23] months, respectively. Disease recurrence was evident at 60 [30%] first and 36 [49%] second colonoscopies. Of 14 proteins significantly associated with Rutgeerts score, the strongest signal was seen for CXCL9 and MMP1. Among patients on anti-tumour necrosis factor drugs, CXCL9 and CXCL11 were most strongly associated with Rutgeerts score. Both are CXCR3 ligands. Incorporation of identified proteins into ROC analysis improved the ability to identify disease recurrence as compared to C-reactive protein alone: area under the curve [AUC] 0.75 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.66-0.82] vs 0.64 [95% CI 0.56-0.72], p = 0.012. Single cell transcriptomic data provide evidence that innate immune cells are the primary source of the identified proteins. CONCLUSIONS CXCR3 ligands are associated with CD recurrence following ICR. Incorporation of novel blood-based candidate biomarkers may aid in identification of CD recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Walshe
- Zane Cohen Centre for Digestive Diseases, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Division of Gastroenterology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shadi Nayeri
- Zane Cohen Centre for Digestive Diseases, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jiayi Ji
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cristian Hernandez-Rocha
- Zane Cohen Centre for Digestive Diseases, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Division of Gastroenterology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ksenija Sabic
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Liangyuan Hu
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mamta Giri
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shikha Nayar
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Steven Brant
- Crohn’s and Colitis Center of New Jersey, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Dermot P B McGovern
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - John D Rioux
- Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada,Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Richard H Duerr
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA,USA
| | - Judy H Cho
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Phil L Schumm
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Mark S Silverberg
- Corresponding author: Dr Mark Silverberg, MD, PhD, FRCPC, University of Toronto, Division of Gastroenterology, Mount Sinai Hospital Inflammatory Bowel Disease Centre, 441–600 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G1X5, Canada. Tel: +1-416-586-4800 ext 8236; Fax: +1-416-619-5524;
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Erotocritou M, Schaller G, Nayar S, Overton A, Stelzhammer T, Berber O. 927 Efficacy of Surgical Helmet Systems for Protection Against COVID-19: A Double-Blinded Randomised Control Study. Br J Surg 2021. [PMCID: PMC8135766 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab135.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Introduction This study assesses whether sterile surgical helmet systems (SSHS) provide additional protection from aerosol pathogens alongside protecting against splash. There has been debate on whether to use such systems in orthopaedic surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method Thirty-five participants were enrolled in a double-blinded randomised controlled study investigating efficacy of the Stryker Flyte Surgical Helmet (Stryker Corporation, Kalamazoo, MI, USA) as protection against respiratory droplets. Wearing the SSHS in a fit testing hood, subjects were randomised to nebulised saccharin solution or placebo. Twenty were allocated to the saccharin group with 15 to placebo. Positive sweet taste represented test failure. Taste tests were performed with the helmet fan turned on and off. Results SSHS did not prevent saccharin taste (p < 0.0001). Within the saccharin cohort, 40% recorded a positive taste with the fan on and 100% with the fan off. There was a statistically significant difference in mean time-to-taste saccharin (p = 0.049) comparing fan on (123.5 s) vs. off (62.6 s). Conclusions SSHS do not protect against aerosol particulate and therefore are not efficacious in protection against COVID-19. The fan system employed may even increase risk by drawing in particulates and delaying recognition of intraoperative cues that point to respirator mask leak.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Erotocritou
- Whittington Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - G Schaller
- Whittington Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Nayar
- Whittington Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Overton
- Whittington Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - T Stelzhammer
- Whittington Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - O Berber
- Whittington Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
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8
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Chen E, Chuang LS, Giri M, Villaverde N, Hsu NY, Sabic K, Joshowitz S, Gettler K, Nayar S, Chai Z, Alter IL, Chasteau CC, Korie UM, Dzedzik S, Thin TH, Jain A, Moscati A, Bongers G, Duerr RH, Silverberg MS, Brant SR, Rioux JD, Peter I, Schumm LP, Haritunians T, McGovern DP, Itan Y, Cho JH. Inflamed Ulcerative Colitis Regions Associated With MRGPRX2-Mediated Mast Cell Degranulation and Cell Activation Modules, Defining a New Therapeutic Target. Gastroenterology 2021; 160:1709-1724. [PMID: 33421512 PMCID: PMC8494017 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.12.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Recent literature has implicated a key role for mast cells in murine models of colonic inflammation, but their role in human ulcerative colitis (UC) is not well established. A major advance has been the identification of mrgprb2 (human orthologue, MRGPX2) as mediating IgE-independent mast cell activation. We sought to define mechanisms of mast cell activation and MRGPRX2 in human UC. METHODS Colon tissues were collected from patients with UC for bulk RNA sequencing and lamina propria cells were isolated for MRGPRX2 activation studies and single-cell RNA sequencing. Genetic association of all protein-altering G-protein coupled receptor single-nucleotide polymorphism was performed in an Ashkenazi Jewish UC case-control cohort. Variants of MRGPRX2 were transfected into Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) and human mast cell (HMC) 1.1 cells to detect genotype-dependent effects on β-arrestin recruitment, IP-1 accumulation, and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase. RESULTS Mast cell-specific mediators and adrenomedullin (proteolytic precursor of PAMP-12, an MRGPRX2 agonist) are up-regulated in inflamed compared to uninflamed UC. MRGPRX2 stimulation induces carboxypeptidase secretion from inflamed UC. Of all protein-altering GPCR alleles, a unique variant of MRGPRX2, Asn62Ser, was most associated with and was bioinformatically predicted to alter arrestin recruitment. We validated that the UC protective serine allele enhances β-arrestin recruitment, decreases IP-1, and increases phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase with MRGPRX2 agonists. Single-cell RNA sequencing defines that adrenomedullin is expressed by activated fibroblasts and epithelial cells and that interferon gamma is a key upstream regulator of mast cell gene expression. CONCLUSION Inflamed UC regions are distinguished by MRGPRX2-mediated activation of mast cells, with decreased activation observed with a UC-protective genetic variant. These results define cell modules of UC activation and a new therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernie Chen
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Ling-shiang Chuang
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Mamta Giri
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Nicole Villaverde
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Nai-yun Hsu
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Ksenija Sabic
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Sari Joshowitz
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Kyle Gettler
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Shikha Nayar
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Zhi Chai
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Isaac L. Alter
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Colleen C. Chasteau
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Ujunwa M. Korie
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Siarhei Dzedzik
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Tin Htwe Thin
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Aayushee Jain
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Arden Moscati
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Gerardus Bongers
- Precision Immunology Institute at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York
| | - Richard H. Duerr
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Mark S. Silverberg
- Zane Cohen Centre for Digestive Diseases, Division of Gastroenterology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Steven R. Brant
- Crohns and Colitis Center of New Jersey, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States
| | - John D. Rioux
- Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada. Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Inga Peter
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - L. Philip Schumm
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Talin Haritunians
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Dermot P. McGovern
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Yuval Itan
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Judy H. Cho
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States,To whom correspondence should be addressed: Judy Cho, Hess CSM Building Floor 8th Room 118, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, TEL. (212) 824-8940, FAX. (646) 537-9452,
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Ungaro RC, Hu L, Ji J, Nayar S, Kugathasan S, Denson LA, Hyams J, Dubinsky MC, Sands BE, Cho JH. Machine learning identifies novel blood protein predictors of penetrating and stricturing complications in newly diagnosed paediatric Crohn's disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2021; 53:281-290. [PMID: 33131065 PMCID: PMC7770008 DOI: 10.1111/apt.16136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a need for improved risk stratification in Crohn's disease. AIM To identify novel blood protein biomarkers associated with future Crohn's disease complications METHODS: We performed a case-cohort study utilising a paediatric inception cohort, the Risk Stratification and Identification of Immunogenetic and Microbial Markers of Rapid Disease Progression in Children with Crohn's disease (RISK) study. All patients had inflammatory disease (B1) at baseline. Outcomes were development of stricturing (B2) or penetrating (B3) complications. We assayed 92 inflammation-related proteins in baseline plasma using a proximity extension assay (Olink Proteomics). An ensemble machine learning technique, random survival forests (RSF), selected variables predicting B2 and B3 complications. Selected analytes were compared to clinical variables and serology only models. We examined selected proteins in a single-cell sequencing cohort to analyse differential cell expression in blood and ileum. RESULTS We included 265 patients with mean age 11.6 years (standard deviation [SD] 3.2). Seventy-three and 34 patients, respectively, had B2 and B3 complications within mean 1123 (SD 477) days for B2 and 1251 (442) for B3. A model with 5 protein markers predicted B3 complications with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.79 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.76-0.82) compared to 0.69 (95% CI 0.66-0.72) for serologies and 0.74 (95% CI 0.71-0.77) for clinical variables. A model with 4 protein markers predicted B2 complications with an AUC of 0.68 (95% CI 0.65-0.71) compared to 0.62 (95% CI 0.59-0.65) for serologies and 0.52 (95% CI 0.50-0.55) for clinical variables. B2 analytes were highly expressed in ileal stromal cells while B3 analytes were prominent in peripheral blood and ileal T cells. CONCLUSIONS We identified novel blood proteomic markers, distinct for B2 and B3, associated with progression of paediatric Crohn's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan C. Ungaro
- The Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Liangyuan Hu
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jiayi Ji
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shikha Nayar
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Subra Kugathasan
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lee A. Denson
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jeffrey Hyams
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Connecticut Children’s Medical Center, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Marla C. Dubinsky
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bruce E. Sands
- The Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Judy H. Cho
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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10
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Colafrancesco S, Barbati C, Iannizzotto V, Mastromanno L, Nayar S, Pipi E, Gattamelata A, Ciccia F, Alessandri C, Barone F, Conti F, Priori R. THU0220 AUTOPHAGY IN SJOGREN’S SYNDROME SALIVARY GLAND EPITHELIAL CELLS (SGECS) IS ASSOCIATED WITH THE SEVERITY OF INFLAMMATION AND EPITHELIAL CELLS ACTIVATION. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.5212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Background:Sjögren’s Syndrome (SS) is characterized by chronic inflammation supported by intrinsic activation of salivary gland epithelial cells (SGECs). Eventually, apoptosis of SGECs ensues, which leads to salivary gland dysfunction and exposition of autoantigens. Autophagy is a stress coping mechanisms of cells implicated in both survival and exposition of autoantigens, and is thereby plausibly implicated in the pathogenesis of SS. At present, the exact relationship between apoptosis and autophagy in SS SGECs is unclear, as is the link between these mechanisms and SGECs activation.Objectives:To explore autophagy in SGECs from patients with SS and to evaluate its relationship with apoptosis and SGECs activation.Methods:Consecutive patients with suspected SS referring to our “Sjogren Clinic” were enrolled, and minor salivary gland (MSG) biopsies were collected for: (1) SGECs culture, (2) PCR analysis, (3) IFI analysis. In SGECs cultures, the expression of autophagy (LC3II), apoptosis (annexin V/PI) and adhesion molecules (ICAM) was investigated by flow cytometry (results expressed as mean % ± SD). The expression of the autophagy gene MAP1LC3II was evaluated by PCR (expressed as 2^deltaCT normalized to GADPH) on both MSG sections and MSG acinar and ductal epithelium samples obtained by laser capture microdissection. Tissue expression of LC3II was evaluated by IFI on SS MSG.Results:Primary SGECs cultures were established from 14 MSG obtained for diagnostic purposes (SS n=8, Sicca n=6). These cells exhibited an inverse correlation between apoptosis and autophagy (p=0.007, r=-0.784), with lower levels of apoptosis (19.7±6.5 vs 24.5±8.5, p=ns) and higher levels of autophagy (59.7±13.1 vs 54.19±19.4, p=ns) in SS compared to Sicca. In SS, MAP1LC3 was positively correlated with Focus Score (p=0.021 r=0.478); however, PCR studies did not reveal significant differences in MAP1LC3 expression between SS (n=26) and Sicca (n=15) (0.024±0.010 vs 0.022±0.008, p=ns). Ductal SGECs (n=4) isolated by laser microdissection of MSG revealed a higher expression of MAP1LC3 (0.005±0.0005 vs 0.003±0.0008; p=0.057) compared to normal acinar epithelium (n=5); a major expression of LC3II in ducts was confirmed by IFI (Image).In SS, a higher expression of ICAM compared to sicca was observed (11.1±3.8 vs 6.9±6.9, p=0.006) and autophagy and apoptosis showed a trend of positive and negative correlation with this molecule, respectively (p=0.683 r=0.118 and p=0.106 r=-0.446).Figure.LC3-II staining in SS MSG [LC3-II+ (green) and Hoechst stain (blue); 60x magnification].Conclusion:In SS, autophagy is upregulated in SGECs and inversely correlated with apoptosis, thus supporting a role of this process in cells’ death prevention during inflammatory process. Indeed, the degree of msg inflammation is correlated more with the activation of autophagy than apoptosis. Interesting, in SS, SGECs autophagy is mainly observed at ductal level and is correlated with higher expression of adhesion molecules suggesting a link between this pathway and changes in SGECs immune phenotype.Disclosure of Interests: :Serena Colafrancesco: None declared, cristiana barbati: None declared, Valentina Iannizzotto: None declared, Linda Mastromanno: None declared, Saba Nayar: None declared, Elena Pipi: None declared, angelica gattamelata: None declared, francesco ciccia Grant/research support from: pfizer, novartis, roche, Consultant of: pfizer, novartis, lilly, abbvie, Speakers bureau: pfizer, novartis, lilly, abbvie, cristiano alessandri Grant/research support from: Pfizer, Francesca Barone: None declared, fabrizio conti Speakers bureau: BMS, Lilly, Abbvie, Pfizer, Sanofi, Roberta Priori: None declared
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11
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Nayar S, Madhu SV. Glycemic Index of Wheat and Rice are Similar When Consumed as Part of a North Indian Mixed Meal. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2020; 24:251-255. [PMID: 33083264 PMCID: PMC7539032 DOI: 10.4103/ijem.ijem_4_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Wheat is preferable over rice due to its lower glycemic index (GI). It is not known if the same is true when these staples are a part of mixed meals, hence we compared the Glycemic responses of wheat/rice containing mixed meals. MATERIALS AND METHODS Glycemic responses of 2 mixed meals were compared with reference meal (glucose) where each was designed to provide a total of 50 g of available carbohydrate (AvCHO), in 10 healthy adult volunteers as per recent recommendations. Test meal 1 comprised of a pulse preparation (green gram dal), a vegetable (ladies' finger), and 2 wheat chapattis. In test meal 2 these wheat chapattis were replaced by cooked rice supplying an equal amount of AvCHO. After an overnight fast of 10- 14 h, capillary blood glucose estimations were done subsequent to eating each test meal or glucose. GI of test meals was calculated by comparing their area under curve (AUCs) with AUC for glucose. GI of test meals were compared using unpaired t test. RESULTS The study sample comprised of 7 males and 3 females with mean age 30.9 ± 5.1y. The GI of test meal 1 (85.5 ± 11.8%) and test meal 2 (83.6 ± 11.4%) was not significantly different (P = 0.7095). CONCLUSION The present study found no differences in glycemic index of wheat chapatti and rice based mixed meals with equivalent AvCHO content of the staple.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Nayar
- Department of Endocrinology, Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Dilshad Garden, Delhi, India
| | - SV Madhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Dilshad Garden, Delhi, India
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12
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Martin JC, Chang C, Boschetti G, Ungaro R, Giri M, Grout JA, Gettler K, Chuang LS, Nayar S, Greenstein AJ, Dubinsky M, Walker L, Leader A, Fine JS, Whitehurst CE, Mbow ML, Kugathasan S, Denson LA, Hyams JS, Friedman JR, Desai PT, Ko HM, Laface I, Akturk G, Schadt EE, Salmon H, Gnjatic S, Rahman AH, Merad M, Cho JH, Kenigsberg E. Single-Cell Analysis of Crohn's Disease Lesions Identifies a Pathogenic Cellular Module Associated with Resistance to Anti-TNF Therapy. Cell 2019; 178:1493-1508.e20. [PMID: 31474370 PMCID: PMC7060942 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 419] [Impact Index Per Article: 83.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Clinical benefits of cytokine blockade in ileal Crohn's disease (iCD) are limited to a subset of patients. Here, we applied single-cell technologies to iCD lesions to address whether cellular heterogeneity contributes to treatment resistance. We found that a subset of patients expressed a unique cellular module in inflamed tissues that consisted of IgG plasma cells, inflammatory mononuclear phagocytes, activated T cells, and stromal cells, which we named the GIMATS module. Analysis of ligand-receptor interaction pairs identified a distinct network connectivity that likely drives the GIMATS module. Strikingly, the GIMATS module was also present in a subset of patients in four independent iCD cohorts (n = 441), and its presence at diagnosis correlated with failure to achieve durable corticosteroid-free remission upon anti-TNF therapy. These results emphasize the limitations of current diagnostic assays and the potential for single-cell mapping tools to identify novel biomarkers of treatment response and tailored therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome C Martin
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Christie Chang
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Gilles Boschetti
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ryan Ungaro
- The Dr. Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY 10029, USA
| | - Mamta Giri
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - John A Grout
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Kyle Gettler
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ling-Shiang Chuang
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Shikha Nayar
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Alexander J Greenstein
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Marla Dubinsky
- Department of Pediatrics, Susan and Leonard Feinstein IBD Clinical Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Laura Walker
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Andrew Leader
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Jay S Fine
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Immunology and Respiratory Diseases Research, Ridgefield, CT 06877, USA
| | - Charles E Whitehurst
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Immunology and Respiratory Diseases Research, Ridgefield, CT 06877, USA
| | - M Lamine Mbow
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Immunology and Respiratory Diseases Research, Ridgefield, CT 06877, USA
| | - Subra Kugathasan
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lee A Denson
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Hyams
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, Hartford, CT, USA
| | | | | | - Huaibin M Ko
- The Dr. Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY 10029, USA; Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ilaria Laface
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Guray Akturk
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Eric E Schadt
- Department of Genetics and Genomics Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Helene Salmon
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Sacha Gnjatic
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Adeeb H Rahman
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Genetics and Genomics Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Miriam Merad
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Judy H Cho
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Ephraim Kenigsberg
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Genetics and Genomics Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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Chuang LS, Morrison J, Hsu NY, Labrias PR, Nayar S, Chen E, Villaverde N, Facey JA, Boschetti G, Giri M, Castillo-Martin M, Thin TH, Sharma Y, Chu J, Cho JH. Zebrafish modeling of intestinal injury, bacterial exposures and medications defines epithelial in vivo responses relevant to human inflammatory bowel disease. Dis Model Mech 2019; 12:dmm.037432. [PMID: 31337664 PMCID: PMC6737949 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.037432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies have identified over 200 genomic loci associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). High-effect risk alleles define key roles for genes involved in bacterial response and innate defense. More high-throughput in vivo systems are required to rapidly evaluate therapeutic agents. We visualize, in zebrafish, the effects on epithelial barrier function and intestinal autophagy of one-course and repetitive injury. Repetitive injury induces increased mortality, impaired recovery of intestinal barrier function, failure to contain bacteria within the intestine and impaired autophagy. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) administration protected against injury by enhancing epithelial barrier function and limiting systemic infection. Effects of IBD therapeutic agents were defined: mesalamine showed protective features during injury, whereas 6-mercaptopurine displayed marked induction of autophagy during recovery. Given the highly conserved nature of innate defense in zebrafish, it represents an ideal model system with which to test established and new IBD therapies targeted to the epithelial barrier.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Shiang Chuang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.,The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Joshua Morrison
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Nai-Yun Hsu
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.,The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Philippe Ronel Labrias
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Shikha Nayar
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ernie Chen
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.,The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Nicole Villaverde
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Jody Ann Facey
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Gilles Boschetti
- Department of Oncological Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Mamta Giri
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Mireia Castillo-Martin
- Departments of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Tin Htwe Thin
- Departments of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Yashoda Sharma
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Jaime Chu
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Judy H Cho
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA .,The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
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Nayar S, Xavier K, Braude P. 80POSTOPERATIVE DELIRIUM FOLLOWING CARDIOTHORACIC SURGERY: A NURSING PERSPECTIVE. Age Ageing 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afy198.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Nayar
- Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London
| | - K Xavier
- Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London
| | - P Braude
- Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London
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Thomas S, Pawar B, Fernandes D, Nayar S, George P, Cherian S. An Unusual Case of Pulmonary Mucormycosis. Transplant Proc 2018; 50:3943-3945. [PMID: 30503525 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Invasive fungal infections in solid organ transplant recipients are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Of these fungal infections, mucormycosis presents as an aggressive, frequently fatal angioinvasive infection. Immunocompromised hosts and diabetes are important risk factors. These infections are frequently difficult to diagnose. A high index of suspicion in the appropriate setting and early, aggressive treatment with the newer antifungal agents have altered the previously grave prognosis. We present the first reported case of cavitating pulmonary mucormycosis in a renal transplant recipient caused by an unusual species of Mucorales. The patient was treated with a combination of lobectomy and antifungal treatment comprising of amphotericin B and posaconazole. He remains free of disease recurrence on monotherapy with posaconazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Thomas
- Alice Springs Hospital, Northern Territory, Australia.
| | - B Pawar
- Alice Springs Hospital, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - D Fernandes
- Alice Springs Hospital, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - S Nayar
- Alice Springs Hospital, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - P George
- Alice Springs Hospital, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - S Cherian
- Alice Springs Hospital, Northern Territory, Australia
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Nayar S, Pawar B, Einsiedel L, Fernandes D, George P, Thomas S, Sajiv C. Isolated Neurogenic Bladder Associated With Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 Infection in a Renal Transplant Patient From Central Australia: A Case Report. Transplant Proc 2018; 50:3940-3942. [PMID: 30577291 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2018.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is endemic amongst the Aborigines of the Northern Territory of Australia. HTLV-1 associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) has been associated with this infection. In general population, isolated neurogenic bladder dysfunction in HTLV-1-infected individuals without HAM/TSP has been reported, and the HTLV-1 proviral load has been found to be higher in such patients compared with asymptomatic carriers. In solid organ transplantation, few cases of HAM/TSP have been reported worldwide, but not an isolated neurogenic bladder. CASE A 50-year-old indigenous women from Alice Springs with end stage renal disease secondary to diabetic nephropathy with no prior history of bladder dysfunction received a cadaveric renal allograft following which she developed recurrent urinary tract infections. The recipient was seropositive for HTLV-1 infection. HTLV-1 status of donor was not checked. Urodynamic studies revealed stress incontinence and detrusor overactivity without urethral intrinsic sphincter deficiency. She had no features of myelopathy. There was elevation of the serum and cerebrospinal fluid HTLV-1 proviral load. The magnetic resonance imaging myelogram was normal. Pyelonephritis was diagnosed based on clinical features, positive cultures, and renal allograft biopsy. Continuous suprapubic catheter drainage helped preventing further episodes of allograft pyelonephritis in spite of chronic colonization of the urinary tract. CONCLUSION Isolated bladder dysfunction is a rare manifestation of HTLV-1 infection and is probably associated with high proviral loads. This may adversely affect renal allograft and patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nayar
- Central Australian Renal Services, Alice Springs Hospital, Northern Territory, Australia.
| | - B Pawar
- Central Australian Renal Services, Alice Springs Hospital, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - L Einsiedel
- Flinders University/Northern Territory Rural Clinical School, Alice Springs Hospital, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - D Fernandes
- Central Australian Renal Services, Alice Springs Hospital, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - P George
- Central Australian Renal Services, Alice Springs Hospital, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - S Thomas
- Central Australian Renal Services, Alice Springs Hospital, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - C Sajiv
- Central Australian Renal Services, Alice Springs Hospital, Northern Territory, Australia
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Nayar S, Musto L, Fernandes R, Bharathan R. Novel Evaluation of a Laparoscopic Appendicectomy Virtual Reality Simulator using Cognitive Task Analysis. Int J Surg 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2018.05.687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
At sites of chronic inflammation, recruited immune cells form structures that resemble secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs). Those are characterized by segregated areas of prevalent T- or B-cell aggregation, differentiation of high endothelial venules (HEVs) and local activation of resident stromal cells. B-cell proliferation and affinity maturation towards locally displayed autoantigens have been demonstrated at those sites, known as tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs). TLS formation has been associated with local disease persistence and progression as well as increased systemic manifestations. While bearing a similar histological structure to SLO, the signals that regulate TLS and SLO formation can diverge, and a series of pro-inflammatory cytokines has been ascribed as responsible for TLS formation at different anatomical sites. Here we review the structural elements as well as the signals responsible for TLS aggregation, aiming to provide an overview to this complex immunological phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- C G Mueller
- CNRS UPR 3572, Laboratory of Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry/Laboratory of Excellence MEDALIS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - S Nayar
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing (IIA), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - J Campos
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing (IIA), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - F Barone
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing (IIA), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
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Affiliation(s)
- V.A. Wright-St Clair
- AUT Centre for Active Ageing, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand,
| | - S. Nayar
- University of Greenwich, London, United Kingdom
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Shtraizent N, DeRossi C, Nayar S, Sachidanandam R, Katz LS, Prince A, Koh AP, Vincek A, Hadas Y, Hoshida Y, Scott DK, Eliyahu E, Freeze HH, Sadler KC, Chu J. MPI depletion enhances O-GlcNAcylation of p53 and suppresses the Warburg effect. eLife 2017. [PMID: 28644127 PMCID: PMC5495572 DOI: 10.7554/elife.22477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapid cellular proliferation in early development and cancer depends on glucose metabolism to fuel macromolecule biosynthesis. Metabolic enzymes are presumed regulators of this glycolysis-driven metabolic program, known as the Warburg effect; however, few have been identified. We uncover a previously unappreciated role for Mannose phosphate isomerase (MPI) as a metabolic enzyme required to maintain Warburg metabolism in zebrafish embryos and in both primary and malignant mammalian cells. The functional consequences of MPI loss are striking: glycolysis is blocked and cells die. These phenotypes are caused by induction of p53 and accumulation of the glycolytic intermediate fructose 6-phosphate, leading to engagement of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP), increased O-GlcNAcylation, and p53 stabilization. Inhibiting the HBP through genetic and chemical methods reverses p53 stabilization and rescues the Mpi-deficient phenotype. This work provides mechanistic evidence by which MPI loss induces p53, and identifies MPI as a novel regulator of p53 and Warburg metabolism. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.22477.001
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataly Shtraizent
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States.,The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Charles DeRossi
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States.,The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Shikha Nayar
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States.,The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Ravi Sachidanandam
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Liora S Katz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Adam Prince
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Anna P Koh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Adam Vincek
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Yoav Hadas
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Yujin Hoshida
- Department of Medicine, Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Donald K Scott
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Efrat Eliyahu
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Hudson H Freeze
- Sanford Children's Health Research Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, United States
| | - Kirsten C Sadler
- Biology Program, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jaime Chu
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States.,The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
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Campos J, Nayar S, Croft A, Denton A, Fearon D, Buckley C, Barone F. AB0141 Depletion of Lymphoid-like Stromal Cells Impairs Tertiary Lymphoid Organ Formation in An Animal Model of Sjögren's Syndrome. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.4864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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22
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DeRossi C, Vacaru A, Rafiq R, Cinaroglu A, Imrie D, Nayar S, Baryshnikova A, Milev MP, Stanga D, Kadakia D, Gao N, Chu J, Freeze HH, Lehrman MA, Sacher M, Sadler KC. trappc11 is required for protein glycosylation in zebrafish and humans. Mol Biol Cell 2016; 27:1220-34. [PMID: 26912795 PMCID: PMC4831877 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e15-08-0557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) can be either adaptive or pathological. We term the pathological UPR that causes fatty liver disease a "stressed UPR." Here we investigate the mechanism of stressed UPR activation in zebrafish bearing a mutation in thetrappc11gene, which encodes a component of the transport protein particle (TRAPP) complex.trappc11mutants are characterized by secretory pathway defects, reflecting disruption of the TRAPP complex. In addition, we uncover a defect in protein glycosylation intrappc11mutants that is associated with reduced levels of lipid-linked oligosaccharides (LLOs) and compensatory up-regulation of genes in the terpenoid biosynthetic pathway that produces the LLO anchor dolichol. Treating wild-type larvae with terpenoid or LLO synthesis inhibitors phenocopies the stressed UPR seen intrappc11mutants and is synthetically lethal withtrappc11mutation. We propose that reduced LLO level causing hypoglycosylation is a mechanism of stressed UPR induction intrappc11mutants. Of importance, in human cells, depletion of TRAPPC11, but not other TRAPP components, causes protein hypoglycosylation, and lipid droplets accumulate in fibroblasts from patients with theTRAPPC11mutation. These data point to a previously unanticipated and conserved role for TRAPPC11 in LLO biosynthesis and protein glycosylation in addition to its established function in vesicle trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles DeRossi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Ana Vacaru
- Department of Medicine, Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Ruhina Rafiq
- Department of Medicine, Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Ayca Cinaroglu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Dru Imrie
- Department of Medicine, Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Shikha Nayar
- Department of Pediatrics and Mindich Institute for Child Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Anastasia Baryshnikova
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - Miroslav P Milev
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Daniela Stanga
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Dhara Kadakia
- Department of Medicine, Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Ningguo Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Jaime Chu
- Department of Pediatrics and Mindich Institute for Child Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Hudson H Freeze
- Sanford Children's Health Research Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Mark A Lehrman
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Michael Sacher
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - Kirsten C Sadler
- Department of Medicine, Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
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Nayar S, Campos J, Buckley CD, Allen RA, Fahy WA, Payne A, Barone F. A7.07 Phosphatidylinositol 3–kinase delta pathway a novel therapeutic target for sjoegren's syndrome. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-209124.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Nayar S, O'Connor H, Bjerkness S, Veettil S, Basu R, Basu A. Monounsaturated Fatty Acid (Olive Oil) Lowers Hepatic Fat Content in Pre-Diabetes Subjects. J Acad Nutr Diet 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2015.06.306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Nayar S. Uptake of inorganic phosphorus by temperate seagrass beds of Posidonia and Amphibolis in Southern Australia. Environ Monit Assess 2015; 187:512. [PMID: 26193972 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-015-4729-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Seagrasses occupy a narrow band of sandy seabed close to the coast and are therefore vulnerable to anthropogenic influences, particularly meadows near large population centres. Over 5000 ha of seagrasses have been lost from Adelaide coastal waters (South Australia) over the past 70 years and much of this loss has been attributed to nutrient inputs from wastewater, industrial and stormwater discharges. This led to the Adelaide Coastal Waters Study to understand processes along the Adelaide metropolitan coast that led to seagrass loss. This study, a subset of the larger ACWS study, used in situ nutrient spike approach to obtain ecologically relevant estimates of seasonal variability in phosphorus uptake in two species of temperate seagrass common to this coast (Amphibolis antarctica and Posidonia angustifolia). Total uptake of phosphorus by biological components in the seagrass beds, viz., seagrass, epiphytes and phytoplankton, was negligible, never exceeding 0.5% of the total resource. Phosphorus uptake rate varied seasonally with higher rates in winter (1.49 μmol P.g(-1) DW.h(-1)) and lower rates in spring (0.70 μmol P.g(-1) DW.h(-1)) for Amphibolis and highest in winter (2.09 μmol P.g(-1) DW.h(-1)) and least in spring (0.14 μmol P.g(-1) DW.h(-1)) for Posidonia. Low biological uptake rates of inorganic phosphorus could be attributed to carbonate sediments and particulates in the water column binding inorganic phosphorus, limiting its availability for biological uptake. From an environmental perspective, seagrass beds in the Adelaide coastal waters account for the assimilation of only 5.4% (19.53 t yr(-1)) of the total anthropogenic inputs of phosphorus.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nayar
- Algal Production Group, South Australian Research and Development Institute-Aquatic Sciences, 2 Hamra Avenue, West Beach, SA, 5024, Australia,
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Nayar S, Campos J, Cloake T, Bowman S, Bombardieri M, Pitzalis C, Luther S, Buckley C, Barone F. SAT0005 IL22 Regulates Autoantibody Production by Inducing Lymphoid Chemokine Expression in Tertiary Lymphoid Organs. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.5049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Nayar S, Campos J, Buckley C, Allen R, Fahy W, Payne A, Barone F. SAT0370 PI3KΔ Pathway a Novel Therapeutic Target for Sjogren's Syndrome. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.5087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Campos J, Nayar S, Chung MM, Withers D, Carlesso G, Herbst R, Buckley C, Barone F. SAT0375 ICOS-ICOSL Modulates Tertiary Lymphoid Organ Formation, Regulating the Lymphotoxin Pathway in an Animal Model of SjÖgren's Syndrome. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.4440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Steinthal N, Naylor A, Nayar S, Desanti G, Toellner K, Marshall J, Fitzpatrick M, Caamaño J, Withers D, Buckley CD, Barone C. A1.17 A novel role for CD248 in controlling the differentiation of follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) following immune challenge. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-207259.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Campos J, Nayar S, Chung M, Hitchcock JR, Withers DR, Cunningham AF, Carlesso G, Herbst R, Buckley CD, Barone F. A2.20 ICOS-ICOSL interaction regulates lymphotoxin alpha expression and maturation of lymphoid-like stromal cells during inflammation. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-207259.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Reddy R, Shetty R, Raman V, Nayar S, Shetty K. Correlation of echocardiographic epicardial fat thickness with severity of coronary artery disease – An observational study. Indian Heart J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ihj.2014.10.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Bhattacharya S, Sheikh L, Tiwari V, Ghosh M, Patel JN, Patel AB, Nayar S. Protein-Polymer Functionalized Aqueous Ferrofluids Showing High T2 Relaxivity. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2014; 10:811-9. [DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2014.1777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Nayar S, Glaysher B, Campos J, Coles M, Buckley CD, Barone F. A8.33 Unexpexpected role of IL-4Rα in regulating local tissue-resident stromal cells to support tertiary lymphoid structure formation at site of inflammation. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-205124.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Nayar S, Chung MM, Buckley C, Barone F. THU0035 Lymphotoxin Beta Regulates Lymphatic Vessel Expansion in Ectopic Lymphoneogenesis. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-eular.563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Nayar S, Cloake T, Lane P, Pitzalis C, Coles M, Luther S, Buckley C, Barone F. OP0258 IL-22 Regulates Lymphoid Stromal Cell Expansion, Development of Germinal Centers and Humoral Response in Mucosal Ectopic Lymphoneogenesis. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-eular.463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Chung MM, Nayar S, Affram D, Buckley C, Barone F. THU0047 Persistence and Memory in a Model of Tertiary Lymphoneogenesis. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-eular.575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Lucchesi D, Bombardieri M, Barone F, Nayar S, Proctor G, Buckley CD, Pitzalis C. A6.2 Inducible Tertiary Lymphoid Structures and Autoimmunity in a Novel model of Sialoadenitis in Wild-Type Mice. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-203220.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Heathfield S, Parker B, Zeef L, Bruce I, Alexander Y, Collins F, Stone M, Wang E, Williams AS, Wright HL, Thomas HB, Moots RJ, Edwards SW, Bullock C, Chapman V, Walsh DA, Mobasheri A, Kendall D, Kelly S, Bayley R, Buckley CD, Young SP, Rump-Goodrich L, Middleton J, Chen L, Fisher R, Kollnberger S, Shastri N, Kessler BM, Bowness P, Nazeer Moideen A, Evans L, Osgood L, Williams AS, Jones SA, Nowell MA, Mahadik Y, Young S, Morgan M, Gordon C, Harper L, Giles JL, Paul Morgan B, Harris CL, Rysnik OJ, McHugh K, Kollnberger S, Payeli S, Marroquin O, Shaw J, Renner C, Bowness P, Nayar S, Cloake T, Bombardieri M, Pitzalis C, Buckley C, Barone F, Barone F, Nayar S, Cloake T, Lane P, Coles M, Buckley C, Williams EL, Edwards CJ, Cooper C, Oreffo RO, Dunn S, Crawford A, Wilkinson M, Le Maitre C, Bunning R, Daniels J, Phillips KLE, Chiverton N, Le Maitre CL, Kollnberger S, Shaw J, Ridley A, Wong-Baeza I, McHugh K, Keidel S, Chan A, Bowness P, Gullick NJ, Abozaid HS, Jayaraj DM, Evans HG, Scott DL, Choy EH, Taams LS, Hickling M, Golor G, Jullion A, Shaw S, Kretsos K, Bari SF, Rhys-Dillon B, Amos N, Siebert S, Phillips KLE, Chiverton N, Bunning RD, Haddock G, Cross AK, Le Maitre CL, Kate I, Phillips E, Cross A, Chiverton N, Haddock G, Bunning RAD, Le Maitre CL, Ceeraz S, Spencer J, Choy E, Corrigall V, Crilly A, Palmer H, Lockhart J, Plevin R, Ferrell WR, McInnes I, Hutchinson D, Perry L, DiCicco M, Humby F, Kelly S, Hands R, Buckley C, McInnes I, Taylor P, Bombardieri M, Pitzalis C, Mehta P, Mitchell A, Tysoe C, Caswell R, Owens M, Vincent T, Hashmi TM, Price-Forbes A, Sharp CA, Murphy H, Wood EF, Doherty T, Sheldon J, Sofat N, Goff I, Platt PN, Abdulkader R, Clunie G, Ismajli M, Nikiphorou E, Young A, Tugnet N, Dixey J, Banik S, Alcorn D, Hunter J, Win Maw W, Patil P, Hayes F, Main Wong W, Borg FA, Dasgupta B, Malaviya AP, Ostor AJ, Chana JK, Ahmed AA, Edmonds S, Hayes F, Coward L, Borg F, Heaney J, Amft N, Simpson J, Dhillon V, Ayalew Y, Khattak F, Gayed M, Amarasena RI, McKenna F, Amarasena RI, McKenna F, Mc Laughlin M, Baburaj K, Fattah Z, Ng N, Wilson J, Colaco B, Williams MR, Adizie T, Dasgupta B, Casey M, Lip S, Tan S, Anderson D, Robertson C, Devanny I, Field M, Walker D, Robinson S, Ryan S, Hassell A, Bateman J, Allen M, Davies D, Crouch C, Walker-Bone K, Gainsborough N, Gullick NJ, Lutalo PM, Davies UM, Walker-Bone K, Mckew JR, Millar AM, Wright SA, Bell AL, Thapper M, Roussou T, Cumming J, Hull RG, Thapper M, Roussou T, McKeogh J, O'Connor MB, Hassan AI, Bond U, Swan J, Phelan MJ, Coady D, Kumar N, Farrow L, Bukhari M, Oldroyd AG, Greenbank C, McBeth J, Duncan R, Brown D, Horan M, Pendleton N, Littlewood A, Cordingley L, Mulvey M, Curtis EM, Cole ZA, Crozier SR, Georgia N, Robinson SM, Godfrey KM, Sayer AA, Inskip HM, Cooper C, Harvey NC, Davies R, Mercer L, Galloway J, Low A, Watson K, Lunt M, Symmons D, Hyrich K, Chitale S, Estrach C, Moots RJ, Goodson NJ, Rankin E, Jiang CQ, Cheng KK, Lam TH, Adab P, Ling S, Chitale S, Moots RJ, Estrach C, Goodson NJ, Humphreys J, Ellis C, Bunn D, Verstappen SM, Symmons D, Fluess E, Macfarlane GJ, Bond C, Jones GT, Scott IC, Steer S, Lewis CM, Cope A, Mulvey MR, Macfarlane GJ, Symmons D, Lovell K, Keeley P, Woby S, Beasley M, McBeth J, Viatte S, Plant D, Lunt M, Fu B, Parker B, Galloway J, Solymossy C, Worthington J, Symmons D, Dixey J, Young A, Barton A, Williams FM, Osei-Bordom DC, Popham M, MacGregor A, Spector T, Little J, Herrick A, Pushpakom S, Ennis H, McBurney H, Worthington J, Newman W, Ibrahim I, Plant D, Hyrich K, Morgan A, Wilson A, Isaacs J, Barton A, Sanderson T, Hewlett S, Calnan M, Morris M, Raza K, Kumar K, Cardy CM, Pauling JD, Jenkins J, Brown SJ, McHugh N, Nikiphorou E, Mugford M, Davies C, Cooper N, Brooksby A, Bunn D, Symmons D, MacGregor A, Dures E, Ambler N, Fletcher D, Pope D, Robinson F, Rooke R, Hewlett S, Gorman CL, Reynolds P, Hakim AJ, Bosworth A, Weaver D, Kiely PD, Skeoch S, Jani M, Amarasena R, Rao C, Macphie E, McLoughlin Y, Shah P, Else S, Semenova O, Thompson H, Ogunbambi O, Kallankara S, Patel Y, Baguley E, Jani M, Halsey J, Severn A, Bukhari M, Selvan S, Price E, Husain MJ, Brophy S, Phillips CJ, Cooksey R, Irvine E, Siebert S, Lendrem D, Mitchell S, Bowman S, Price E, Pease CT, Emery P, Andrews J, Bombardieri M, Sutcliffe N, Pitzalis C, Lanyon P, Hunter J, Gupta M, McLaren J, Regan M, Cooper A, Giles I, Isenberg D, Griffiths B, Foggo H, Edgar S, Vadivelu S, Coady D, McHugh N, Ng WF, Dasgupta B, Taylor P, Iqbal I, Heron L, Pilling C, Marks J, Hull R, Ledingham J, Han C, Gathany T, Tandon N, Hsia E, Taylor P, Strand V, Sensky T, Harta N, Fleming S, Kay L, Rutherford M, Nicholl K, Kay L, Rutherford M, Nicholl K, Eyre T, Wilson G, Johnson P, Russell M, Timoshanko J, Duncan G, Spandley A, Roskell S, Coady D, West L, Adshead R, Donnelly SP, Ashton S, Tahir H, Patel D, Darroch J, Goodson NJ, Boulton J, Ellis B, Finlay R, Lendrem D, Mitchell S, Bowman S, Price E, Pease CT, Emery P, Andrews J, Bombardieri M, Sutcliffe N, Pitzalis C, Lanyon P, Hunter J, Gupta M, McLaren J, Regan M, Cooper A, Giles I, Isenberg D, Vadivelu S, Coady D, McHugh N, Griffiths B, Foggo H, Edgar S, Ng WF, Murray-Brown W, Priori R, Tappuni T, Vartoukian S, Seoudi N, Picarelli G, Fortune F, Valesini G, Pitzalis C, Bombardieri M, Ball E, Rooney M, Bell A, Merida AA, Isenberg D, Tarelli E, Axford J, Giles I, Pericleous C, Pierangeli SS, Ioannou J, Rahman A, Alavi A, Hughes M, Evans B, Bukhari M, Parker B, Zaki A, Alexander Y, Bruce I, Hui M, Garner R, Rees F, Bavakunji R, Daniel P, Varughese S, Srikanth A, Andres M, Pearce F, Leung J, Lim K, Regan M, Lanyon P, Oomatia A, Petri M, Fang H, Birnbaum J, Amissah-Arthur M, Gayed M, Stewart K, Jennens H, Braude S, Gordon C, Sutton EJ, Watson KD, Gordon C, Yee CS, Lanyon P, Jayne D, Isenberg D, Rahman A, Akil M, McHugh N, Ahmad Y, Amft N, D'Cruz D, Edwards CJ, Griffiths B, Khamashta M, Teh LS, Zoma A, Bruce I, Dey ID, Kenu E, Isenberg D, Pericleous C, Garza-Garcia A, Murfitt L, Driscoll PC, Isenberg D, Pierangeli S, Giles I, Ioannou Y, Rahman A, Reynolds JA, Ray DW, O'Neill T, Alexander Y, Bruce I, Segeda I, Shevchuk S, Kuvikova I, Brown N, Bruce I, Venning M, Mehta P, Dhanjal M, Mason J, Nelson-Piercy C, Basu N, Paudyal P, Stockton M, Lawton S, Dent C, Kindness K, Meldrum G, John E, Arthur C, West L, Macfarlane MV, Reid DM, Jones GT, Macfarlane GJ, Yates M, Loke Y, Watts R, MacGregor A, Adizie T, Christidis D, Dasgupta B, Williams M, Sivakumar R, Misra R, Danda D, Mahendranath KM, Bacon PA, Mackie SL, Pease CT. Basic science * 232. Certolizumab pegol prevents pro-inflammatory alterations in endothelial cell function. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kes108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Nayar S, Collings G, Pfennig P, Royal M. Managing nitrogen inputs into seagrass meadows near a coastal city: flow-on from research to environmental improvement plans. Mar Pollut Bull 2012; 64:932-940. [PMID: 22469153 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2011] [Revised: 02/21/2012] [Accepted: 03/08/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Increased human habitation has led to a 30 to 50-fold increase in nutrient loads to the coastal waters of Adelaide, resulting in the loss of over 5000 ha of seagrass meadows. The rate of loss since the 1940s has been irregular, averaging 85 ha yr(-1), marked by a substantial peak between 1971 and 1977. A modelling approach allowed comparison of the annual input with the annual uptake rates for the different biotic components in the seagrass bed. In 2005, the estimated uptake of ammonium (465 t yr(-1)) and nitrate (3.04 t yr(-1)) by the seagrass and associated epiphytes in the Adelaide region accounted for 31% of the ammonium and <1% of the nitrate that is currently discharged into the coastal waters. Environment Improvement Programs, such as the one implemented in 1996, may reduce the total nitrogen loads to 700 t yr(-1), possibly stemming further losses and facilitating recolonisation of new seagrass.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nayar
- South Australian Research and Development Institute - Aquatic Sciences, P.O. Box 120, Henley Beach, SA 5022, Australia.
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Nayar S, Cloake T, Bombardieri M, Pitzalis C, Lane PJ, Coles M, Buckley CD, Barone F. Cooperation of innate and acquired immune system derived signals induces stromal cell activation in chronic inflammation and ectopic lymphoneogenesis. Ann Rheum Dis 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2011-201235.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Yang J, Cheng G, Nayar S, Tibbetts A, Heiden E. Epidemiology of overuse injuries among intercollegiate athletes. Inj Prev 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/ip.2010.029215.298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Nayar S, Collings GJ, Miller DJ, Bryars S, Cheshire AC. Uptake and resource allocation of ammonium and nitrate in temperate seagrasses Posidonia and Amphibolis. Mar Pollut Bull 2010; 60:1502-1511. [PMID: 20739251 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2009] [Revised: 04/26/2010] [Accepted: 04/29/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Ecologically relevant estimates of seasonal variability in nitrogen uptake and allocation in two species of temperate seagrasses were obtained using in situ isotope-labelling approach. Significantly higher uptake rates of ammonium by leaves, roots and epiphytes of Amphibolis than Posidonia were observed. Overall, root uptake rates were lower than other components. Effect of season was not significant for leaves, roots or epiphytes of the two species. However, plankton uptake varied seasonally with higher rates in winter (0.98 mg N g(-1)D Wh(-1)). In contrast, nitrate uptake rates for various components were significantly affected by seasons. Uptake rates by plankton were highest ranging from 0.003 mg N g(-1)D Wh(-1) (summer, Amphibolis) to 0.69 mg N g(-1)DWh(-1) (winter, Posidonia). Uptake of nitrate by roots was negligible. Biotic uptake rates for nitrate were an order of magnitude slower than ammonium, demonstrating an affinity for ammonium over nitrate as a preferred inorganic nitrogen source. Adelaide coastal waters have lost over 5000 ha of seagrasses, much of this attributed to nutrient inputs from wastewater, industrial and stormwater. Managing these inputs into future requires better understanding of the fate of nutrients, particularly biological uptake. This study attempts to quantify uptake rates of nitrogen by seagrasses.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nayar
- South Australian Research and Development Institute - Aquatic Sciences, West Beach, SA 5024, Australia.
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Abstract
Hereditary spherocytosis (HS) is a common inherited hemolytic anemia due to red cell membrane defects. Extramedullary hematopoiesis is a compensatory response to insufficient bone marrow blood cell production. The preferred sites of extramedullary hematopoietic involvement are the spleen, liver and lymph nodes; but in HS, the posterior paravertebral mediastinum is also commonly involved. We report a case of a 50-year-old male who presented to us in respiratory distress and with bilateral paravertebral posterior mediastinal masses, which on trucut biopsy were found to be extra-hematopoietic masses; and the patient was found to have hereditary spherocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Gogia
- Department of Pulmonology, Jaipur Golden Hospital, New Delhi, India.
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Nayar S. Prosthetic rehabilitation. Br Dent J 2009. [DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2009.507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Nayar S, Miller DJ, Hunt A, Goh BPL, Chou LM. Environmental effects of dredging on sediment nutrients, carbon and granulometry in a tropical estuary. Environ Monit Assess 2007; 127:1-13. [PMID: 16897509 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-006-9253-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2005] [Accepted: 04/11/2006] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
This monitoring study encompassed a period prior to dredging, during dredging and post dredging between July 1999 to June 2000 in Ponggol estuary located along the northeastern coast of Singapore. Mean concentrations of sediment nutrients in mg x Kg(-1) (+/- standard error of means) prior to dredging, during dredging and post dredging were 9.75 +/- 4.24, 8.18 +/- 4.29 and 11.46 +/- 4.74 for ammonium, 0.08 +/- 0.05, 0.06 +/- 0.02 and 0.09 +/- 0.01 for nitrite, 0.04 +/- 0.04, 0.11 +/- 0.17 and 0.25 +/- 0.30 for nitrate, 4.83 +/- 3.48, 0.77 +/- 0.48 and 8.33 +/- 9.73 for phosphate respectively. Pre dredge, dredge and post dredge levels of total carbon (TC) were 18.5 +/- 3.7, 20.2 +/- 3.5 and 34.6 +/- 12.0, of total organic carbon (TOC) were 10.5 +/- 2.9, 19.5 +/- 3.6 and 34.6 +/- 12.0 and of total inorganic carbon (TIC) were 7.9 +/- 1.0, 0.7 +/- 0.4 and non detectable in the sediments, respectively. Both, sediment nutrients and carbon registered lower concentrations with onset of dredging, with the exception of nitrate and TOC. A shift in sedimentary carbon from inorganic carbon to organic carbon was also observed with the onset of the dredging activities when the organically enriched historically contaminated layer was exposed. Sediment granulometry showed that the sediments in the estuary were predominantly silt and clay prior to dredging, which changed to sand with onset of dredging. Silt load in the sediments was highest post-dredge. Sediment nutrients and sediment organic carbon were observed to associate with the finer fractions (silt and clay) of sediments. Finer fractions of sediments get resuspended during a dredging event and are dispersed spatially as the result of tides and water movements. Prior to this study, the potential for nutrient release and sediment granulometry due to dredging have been suggested, but there have been few studies of it, especially in the tropics. The baseline information gathered from this study could be used to work out effective management strategies to protect similar tropical ecosystems elsewhere, should there be no other alternative to dredging.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nayar
- South Australian Research and Development Institute - Aquatic Sciences, 2 Hamra Avenue, West Beach, SA 5024, Australia.
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Nayar S. Spatio-temporal fluxes in particulate organic carbon in a tropical coastal lagoon. Environ Monit Assess 2006; 112:53-68. [PMID: 16404534 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-006-0310-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2004] [Accepted: 01/07/2005] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Temporal and spatial variations in particulate organic carbon (POC) in relation to primary production, chlorophyll a, phaeophytin, plankton abundance, secondary production and suspended particulate matter (SPM) were studied monthly for 1 year from April 1996 to March 1997 in a shallow tropical coastal lagoon on the southwest coast of India. Though temporal variations in all components were significant, spatial variabilities were not statistically significant. POC values range from 200 to 5690 mg C m(3) h(-1), while primary production, chlorophyll a, and phaeophytin varied between 0.02 and 14.53 mg C m(-3) h(-1), 0.87 and 23.11 mg m(-3) and 3.02 and 30.581 mg m(-3), respectively. Phytoplankton and zooplankton abundance varied from 0.01 to 655.5 x 10(5) no m(-3) and negligible to 7.08 x 10(5) no m(-3) respectively; secondary production from 10 to 490 mg C m(-3) and SPM between 0.38 and 74.43 x 10(4) mg m(-3) during this study. Temporally, postmonsoon months were observed to have the highest concentrations of POC in the lagoon waters. The bulk of the POC pool in the lagoon was composed of secondary producers (72%), followed by chlorophyll a (21%), phaeophytin (7%) and suspended particulate matter of inorganic origin (< 0.1%).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nayar
- South Australian Research and Development Institute, Aquatic Sciences, West Beach, SA 5024, Australia.
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Mundy J, Liu A, Pillow N, Zisserman A, Abdallah S, Utcke S, Nayar S, Rothwell C. An experimental comparison of appearance and geometric model based recognition. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/3-540-61750-7_32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
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Nayar S, Goh BPL, Chou LM. Environmental impacts of diesel fuel on bacteria and phytoplankton in a tropical estuary assessed using in situ mesocosms. Ecotoxicology 2005; 14:397-412. [PMID: 15943112 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-004-6373-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved or dispersed petroleum hydrocarbon concentrations (DDPH) were monitored in Ponggol estuary, Singapore, fortnightly from July 1999 to June 2000. DDPH concentrations ranged from 4.4 to 248.9 microg l(-1) and 0.4 to 1099.7 microg l(-1) for surface and subsurface waters, respectively and with mean concentrations of 41.01 microg l(-1) in the water column. Absorbed or adsorbed petroleum hydrocarbon (AAPH) concentrations measured in sediments ranged from 20.6 to 541.0 mg kg(-1), with mean concentrations of 148.23 mg kg(-1). In situ mesocosm studies of bacteria and phytoplankton were based on field monitoring of environmentally measured concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbons, using diesel fuel as the source of contaminant. The mesocosm comprised of 25 L clear polycarbonate carboys incubated in situ for 6 days. Water and sediments from a clean site with undetectable levels of petroleum hydrocarbons were used in controls. The treatment mesocosms comprised of mean and highest concentrations of DDPH and AAPH. The study revealed signs of acute toxicity to autotrophs viz., phytoplankton and autotrophic bacteria in treatments simulating concentrations of diesel fuel found in the sediments. A stimulatory effect was seen at lower concentrations. Bacterial heterotrophs responded positively to all concentrations of diesel fuel because of the abundance of a carbon source, reduced grazing pressure and reduced competition for nutrients from phytoplankton.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nayar
- South Australian Research and Development Institute-Aquatic Sciences, 2 Hamra Avenue, West Beach, SA 5024, Australia.
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Nayar S, Goh BPL, Chou LM. Environmental impact of heavy metals from dredged and resuspended sediments on phytoplankton and bacteria assessed in in situ mesocosms. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2004; 59:349-69. [PMID: 15388275 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2003.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2003] [Revised: 08/05/2003] [Accepted: 08/25/2003] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Past and on-going reclamation, dredging, construction and shipping activities impact Ponggol Estuary, located on the northeastern coast of Singapore. Tin, lead, nickel, cadmium, and copper in particulate and dissolved fractions and sediments ranged from ND (undetectable)-92 ppm, ND-303.2 ppm, ND-2818.4 ppm, ND-74.4 ppm and ND-1117.7 ppm, respectively. Intensive dredging activity during the monitoring period may have led to the resuspension and bioavailability of particulate metals. This was tested by the exposure of phytoplankton and bacteria in mesocosms to previously measured environmental levels of heavy metals and the contaminated sediments with the highest heavy metal concentrations from one of the impacted sites. The results showed significant copper toxicity to phytoplankton and autotrophic bacteria, followed by nickel and lead at all concentrations tested. Enhanced rates of heterotrophic bacterial production and total bacterial abundance were observed in treatments with higher metal concentrations. Among the various treatments, particulate and sediment metal concentrations were significantly different from those of the control. Mesocosms using contaminated sediments with the highest metal concentrations compared with the control showed a bioavailability of metals that resulted in the inhibition of phytoplankton and autotrophic bacteria. High concentrations of copper (5.52-11.35 mg L(-1)) and nickel (2.42-2.71 mg L(-1)) observed in the aqueous phase of treatment mesocosms, and attributed to release from the contaminated sediments could account for the toxicity to phytoplankton and autotrophic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nayar
- Marine Biology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Block S1-02-05, 14 Science Drive 4, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117 543, Singapore.
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