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Goswami M, Bose PD. Gut microbial dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of leukemia: an immune-based perspective. Exp Hematol 2024; 133:104211. [PMID: 38527589 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2024.104211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Leukemias are a set of clonal hematopoietic malignant diseases that develop in the bone marrow. Several factors influence leukemia development and progression. Among these, the gut microbiota is a major factor influencing a wide array of its processes. The gut microbial composition is linked to the risk of tumor development and the host's ability to respond to treatment, mostly due to the immune-modulatory effects of their metabolites. Despite such strong evidence, its role in the development of hematologic malignancies still requires attention of investigators worldwide. In this review, we make an effort to discuss the role of host gut microbiota-immune crosstalk in leukemia development and progression. Additionally, we highlight certain recently developed strategies to modify the gut microbial composition that may help to overcome dysbiosis in leukemia patients in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayuri Goswami
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Cotton University, Panbazar, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Purabi Deka Bose
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Cotton University, Panbazar, Guwahati, Assam, India.
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2
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Nagano H, Matsumoto H, Miyamoto Y, Takumi K, Nakajo M, Yamashita M. Adult T-cell Leukemia/Lymphoma (ATL) in the Nasal and Paranasal Cavity: Four Cases Report. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2024; 76:1264-1271. [PMID: 38440568 PMCID: PMC10908978 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-023-04258-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is a form of leukemia caused by the human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-1). Otolaryngologists often diagnose ATL based on cervical lymphadenopathy or Waldeyer ring lesions. However, there are few reports of ATL occurring in the nasal and paranasal cavity. Here, we report four such cases of ATL. Case 1: An 82-year-old man diagnosed with acute-type ATL with a tumor in the nasal cavity underwent 5 courses of THP-COP, but died after 36 months due to ATL. Case 2: A 62-year-old woman diagnosed with lymphoma-type ATL with a tumor in the frontal sinus was treated with 5 courses of VCAP-AMP-VECP, and has survived for more than 10 years. Case 3: A 64-year-old man diagnosed with lymphoma-type ATL with a tumor in the maxillary sinus underwent 8 courses of VCAP-AMP-VECP and 2 courses of mogamulizumab, but died after 34 months due to ATL. Case 4: A 52-year-old woman diagnosed with lymphoma-type ATL with tumors in both ethmoid sinuses received 2 courses of CHOP, 2 courses of DeVIC, radiotherapy (32 Gy) and 2 courses of mogamulizumab, but died after 9 months due to ATL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Nagano
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520 Japan
| | - Hayato Matsumoto
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520 Japan
| | - Yumi Miyamoto
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520 Japan
| | - Koji Takumi
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520 Japan
| | - Masatoyo Nakajo
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520 Japan
| | - Masaru Yamashita
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520 Japan
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3
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Rai S, Roy G, Hajam YA. Melatonin: a modulator in metabolic rewiring in T-cell malignancies. Front Oncol 2024; 13:1248339. [PMID: 38260850 PMCID: PMC10800968 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1248339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Melatonin, (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) an indoleamine exerts multifaced effects and regulates numerous cellular pathways and molecular targets associated with circadian rhythm, immune modulation, and seasonal reproduction including metabolic rewiring during T cell malignancy. T-cell malignancies encompass a group of hematological cancers characterized by the uncontrolled growth and proliferation of malignant T-cells. These cancer cells exhibit a distinct metabolic adaptation, a hallmark of cancer in general, as they rewire their metabolic pathways to meet the heightened energy requirements and biosynthesis necessary for malignancies is the Warburg effect, characterized by a shift towards glycolysis, even when oxygen is available. In addition, T-cell malignancies cause metabolic shift by inhibiting the enzyme pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase (PDK) which in turn results in increased acetyl CoA enzyme production and cellular glycolytic activity. Further, melatonin plays a modulatory role in the expression of essential transporters (Glut1, Glut2) responsible for nutrient uptake and metabolic rewiring, such as glucose and amino acid transporters in T-cells. This modulation significantly impacts the metabolic profile of T-cells, consequently affecting their differentiation. Furthermore, melatonin has been found to regulate the expression of critical signaling molecules involved in T-cell activations, such as CD38, and CD69. These molecules are integral to T-cell adhesion, signaling, and activation. This review aims to provide insights into the mechanism of melatonin's anticancer properties concerning metabolic rewiring during T-cell malignancy. The present review encompasses the involvement of oncogenic factors, the tumor microenvironment and metabolic alteration, hallmarks, metabolic reprogramming, and the anti-oncogenic/oncostatic impact of melatonin on various cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Rai
- Department of Zoology Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, India
| | - Gunja Roy
- Department of Zoology Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, India
| | - Younis Ahmad Hajam
- Department of Life Sciences and Allied Health Sciences, Sant Bhag Singh University, Jalandhar, India
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4
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Nakahata S, Enriquez-Vera D, Jahan MI, Sugata K, Satou Y. Understanding the Immunopathology of HTLV-1-Associated Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma: A Comprehensive Review. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1543. [PMID: 37892225 PMCID: PMC10605031 DOI: 10.3390/biom13101543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1) causes adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL). HTLV-1 carriers have a lifelong asymptomatic balance between infected cells and host antiviral immunity; however, 5-10% of carriers lose this balance and develop ATL. Coinfection with Strongyloides promotes ATL development, suggesting that the immunological status of infected individuals is a determinant of HTLV-1 pathogenicity. As CD4+ T cells play a central role in host immunity, the deregulation of their function and differentiation via HTLV-1 promotes the immune evasion of infected T cells. During ATL development, the accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations in key host immunity-related genes further disturbs the immunological balance. Various approaches are available for treating these abnormalities; however, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is currently the only treatment with the potential to cure ATL. The patient's immune state may contribute to the treatment outcome. Additionally, the activity of the anti-CC chemokine receptor 4 antibody, mogamulizumab, depends on immune function, including antibody-dependent cytotoxicity. In this comprehensive review, we summarize the immunopathogenesis of HTLV-1 infection in ATL and discuss the clinical findings that should be considered when developing treatment strategies for ATL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Nakahata
- Division of HTLV-1/ATL Carcinogenesis and Therapeutics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Daniel Enriquez-Vera
- Division of HTLV-1/ATL Carcinogenesis and Therapeutics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - M. Ishrat Jahan
- Division of Genomics and Transcriptomics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Kenji Sugata
- Division of Genomics and Transcriptomics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yorifumi Satou
- Division of Genomics and Transcriptomics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
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5
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Letafati A, Soheili R, Norouzi M, Soleimani P, Mozhgani SH. Therapeutic approaches for HTLV-1-associated adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma: a comprehensive review. Med Oncol 2023; 40:295. [PMID: 37689806 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02166-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), an infrequent malignancy resultant from human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-1), exhibits a spectrum of phenotypes, encompassing acute, smoldering, lymphomatous, and chronic variants, each bearing distinct clinical presentations. The preponderant acute manifestation is characterized by hypercalcemia, systemic manifestations, organomegaly, and dermatological eruptions. Conversely, the chronic phenotype is typified by lymphocytosis and/or cutaneous eruptions, while smoldering ATLL assumes an asymptomatic course. Immunocompromise afflicts ATLL patients, heightening their vulnerability to opportunistic infections that frequently intricately intertwine with disease progression. Therefore, an early diagnosis is crucial to manage the disease appropriately. While conventional chemotherapeutic regimens have shown limited success, especially in acute and lymphoma types, recent studies suggest that allogeneic stem cell transplantation might enhance treatment results because it has shown promising outcomes in some patients. Novel therapeutics, such as interferon and monoclonal antibodies, have also shown promise, but more research is needed to confirm their efficacy. Moreover, the identification of biomarkers for ATLL and genetic changes in HTLV-1 infected cells has led to the development of targeted therapies that have shown remarkable success in clinical trials. These targeted therapies have the potential to offer a more personalized approach to the treatment of ATLL. The aim of our review is to elaborate on conventional and novel therapies and the efficiency of mentioned treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Letafati
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roben Soheili
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Norouzi
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parastoo Soleimani
- Advanced Science Faculty, Tehran Medical Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sayed-Hamidreza Mozhgani
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
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6
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Shafiee A, Seighali N, Taherzadeh-Ghahfarokhi N, Mardi S, Shojaeian S, Shadabi S, Hasani M, Haghi S, Mozhgani SH. Zidovudine and Interferon Alfa based regimens for the treatment of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL): a systematic review and meta-analysis. Virol J 2023; 20:118. [PMID: 37287047 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-023-02077-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND ATLL (Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma) is an aggressive hematological malignancy. This T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, caused by the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), is challenging to treat. There is no known treatment for ATLL as of yet. However, it is recommended to use Zidovudine and Interferon Alfa-based regimens (AZT/IFN), chemotherapy, and stem cell transplant. This study aims to review the outcome of patients with different subtypes of ATLL treated with Zidovudine and Interferon Alfa-based regimens. METHODS A systematic search was carried out for articles evaluating outcomes of ATLL treatment by AZT/IFN agents on human subjects from January 1, 2004, until July 1, 2022. Researchers assessed all studies regarding the topic, followed by extracting the data. A random-effects model was used in the meta-analyses. RESULTS We obtained fifteen articles on the AZT/IFN treatment of 1101 ATLL patients. The response rate of the AZT/IFN regimen yielded an OR of 67% [95% CI: 0.50; 0.80], a CR of 33% [95% CI: 0.24; 0.44], and a PR of 31% [95% CI: 0.24; 0.39] among individuals who received this regimen at any point during their treatment. Our subgroup analyses' findings demonstrated that patients who received front-line and combined AZT/IFN therapy responded better than those who received AZT/IFN alone. It is significant to note that patients with indolent subtypes of disease had considerably higher response rates than individuals with aggressive disease. CONCLUSION IFN/AZT combined with chemotherapy regimens is an effective treatment for ATLL patients, and its use in the early stages of the disease may result in a greater response rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arman Shafiee
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Niloofar Seighali
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | | | - Shayan Mardi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Sorour Shojaeian
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Genetics, Nutrition, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Shahrzad Shadabi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mahsa Hasani
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Sabahat Haghi
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Sayed-Hamidreza Mozhgani
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical, Karaj, Iran.
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7
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Rafatpanah H, Golizadeh M, Mahdifar M, Mahdavi S, Iranshahi M, Rassouli FB. Conferone, a coumarin from Ferula flabelliloba, induced toxic effects on adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma cells. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2023; 37:3946320231197592. [PMID: 37688389 PMCID: PMC10493046 DOI: 10.1177/03946320231197592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is a lymphoid malignancy caused by HTLV-1 infection, with distinct geographical distribution. Despite advances in cancer treatment, the average survival rate of ATL is low. Conferone is a natural coumarin extracted from Ferula species with a wide range of pharmaceutical effects. In search for a novel chemotherapeutic agent, we investigated the cytotoxicity of conferone on ATL cells. METHODS To obtain conferone, the methanolic extract of the roots of F. flabelliloba was subjected to silica gel column chromatography, followed by 1H- and 13C-NMR to confirm its structure. For cytotoxicity assay, MT-2 cells were treated with different concentrations of conferone (2.5, 5, 10, 20, and 40 µM) for 24, 48, and 72 h, and viability was evaluated by a colorimetric assay using alamarBlue. Cell cycle was analyzed by PI staining and flow cytometry, and qPCR was used to study the expression of candidate genes. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Obtained findings indicated that conferone induced considerable cytotoxic effects on MT-2 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. In addition, accumulation of cells in the sub-G1 phase of the cell cycle was detected upon conferone administration. Moreover, conferone reduced the expression of CDK6, c-MYC, CFLIPL, and NF-κB (Rel-A) in MT-2 cells. Accordingly, conferone could be considered as a potent agent against ATL, although complementary investigations are required to define more precisely its mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houshang Rafatpanah
- Immunology Research Center, Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Division, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Golizadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Division, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Mahdifar
- Immunology Research Center, Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Division, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Shakiba Mahdavi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Iranshahi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh B Rassouli
- Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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8
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Samad MA, Mahboob E, Shafiq A, Ur Rehman MH, Sheikh A, Tharwani ZH. Types of T-cell lymphoma-a cytogenetic perspective. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2022; 84:104844. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.104844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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9
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Ghobadi MZ, Emamzadeh R, Afsaneh E. Exploration of mRNAs and miRNA classifiers for various ATLL cancer subtypes using machine learning. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:433. [PMID: 35449091 PMCID: PMC9026691 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09540-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adult T-cell Leukemia/Lymphoma (ATLL) is a cancer disease that is developed due to the infection by human T-cell leukemia virus type 1. It can be classified into four main subtypes including, acute, chronic, smoldering, and lymphoma. Despite the clinical manifestations, there are no reliable diagnostic biomarkers for the classification of these subtypes. Methods Herein, we employed a machine learning approach, namely, Support Vector Machine-Recursive Feature Elimination with Cross-Validation (SVM-RFECV) to classify the different ATLL subtypes from Asymptomatic Carriers (ACs). The expression values of multiple mRNAs and miRNAs were used as the features. Afterward, the reliable miRNA-mRNA interactions for each subtype were identified through exploring the experimentally validated-target genes of miRNAs. Results The results revealed that miR-21 and its interactions with DAAM1 and E2F2 in acute, SMAD7 in chronic, MYEF2 and PARP1 in smoldering subtypes could significantly classify the diverse subtypes. Conclusions Considering the high accuracy of the constructed model, the identified mRNAs and miRNA are proposed as the potential therapeutic targets and the prognostic biomarkers for various ATLL subtypes. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-09540-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohadeseh Zarei Ghobadi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Rahman Emamzadeh
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Elaheh Afsaneh
- Department of Physics, University of Isfahan, Hezar Jarib, Isfahan, 81746, Iran
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10
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Woerner J, Huang Y, Hutter S, Gurnari C, Sánchez JMH, Wang J, Huang Y, Schnabel D, Aaby M, Xu W, Thorat V, Jiang D, Jha BK, Koyuturk M, Maciejewski JP, Haferlach T, LaFramboise T. Circulating microbial content in myeloid malignancy patients is associated with disease subtypes and patient outcomes. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1038. [PMID: 35210415 PMCID: PMC8873459 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28678-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although recent work has described the microbiome in solid tumors, microbial content in hematological malignancies is not well-characterized. Here we analyze existing deep DNA sequence data from the blood and bone marrow of 1870 patients with myeloid malignancies, along with healthy controls, for bacterial, fungal, and viral content. After strict quality filtering, we find evidence for dysbiosis in disease cases, and distinct microbial signatures among disease subtypes. We also find that microbial content is associated with host gene mutations and with myeloblast cell percentages. In patients with low-risk myelodysplastic syndrome, we provide evidence that Epstein-Barr virus status refines risk stratification into more precise categories than the current standard. Motivated by these observations, we construct machine-learning classifiers that can discriminate among disease subtypes based solely on bacterial content. Our study highlights the association between the circulating microbiome and patient outcome, and its relationship with disease subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Woerner
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | - Yidi Huang
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | | | - Carmelo Gurnari
- Department of Translational Hematology & Oncology Research, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, USA
| | | | - Janet Wang
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | - Yimin Huang
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | - Daniel Schnabel
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | - Michael Aaby
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | - Wanying Xu
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | - Vedant Thorat
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | - Dongxu Jiang
- Department of Translational Hematology & Oncology Research, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, USA
| | - Babal K Jha
- Department of Translational Hematology & Oncology Research, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, USA
| | - Mehmet Koyuturk
- Department of Computer Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | - Jaroslaw P Maciejewski
- Department of Translational Hematology & Oncology Research, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, USA
| | | | - Thomas LaFramboise
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA.
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11
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Sundararaj S, Seneviratne S, Williams SJ, Enders A, Casarotto MG. The molecular basis for the development of Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma in patients with an IRF4 K59R mutation. Protein Sci 2021; 31:787-796. [PMID: 34913532 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) is an essential regulator in the development of many immune cells, including B and T cells and has been implicated directly in numerous haematological malignancies, including Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL). Recently, an activating mutation in the DNA binding domain of IRF4 (IRF4K59R ), was found as a recurrent somatic mutation in ATLL patients. However, it remains unknown how this mutation gives rise to the observed oncogenic effect. To understand the mode of IRF4K59R mediated gain of function in ATLL pathogenesis, we have determined the structural and affinity basis of IRF4K59R /DNA homodimer complex using X-ray crystallography and surface plasmon resonance. Our study shows that arginine substitution (R59) results in the reorientation of the side chain, enabling the guanidium group to interact with the phosphate backbone of the DNA helix. This markedly contrasts with the IRF4WT wherein the K59 interacts exclusively with DNA bases. Further, the arginine mutation causes enhanced DNA bending, enabling the IRF4K59R to interact more robustly with known DNA targets, as evidenced by increased binding affinity of the protein-DNA complex. Together, we demonstrate how key structural features underpin the basis for this activating mutation, thereby providing a molecular rationale for IRF4K59R -mediated ATLL development. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasan Sundararaj
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Sandali Seneviratne
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Simon J Williams
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Anselm Enders
- Department of Immunology, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.,Center for Personalised Immunology, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Marco G Casarotto
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
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12
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Ciftciler R, Ciftciler AE. The importance of microbiota in hematology. Transfus Apher Sci 2021; 61:103320. [PMID: 34801432 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2021.103320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Whilst particular infectious bacteria are well-established to be associated with hematological diseases, more recent interest has focused on the entire microbial community of mucosal surfaces. In particular, the link between hematology and the microbiota (defined as the total assemblage of microorganisms in a mucosal environment)/ microbiome (i.e. the entire ecological habitat, including organisms, their genomes and environmental conditions) is becoming more well-known. Dysbiosis, or a change in the microbiome, has been linked to the development of neoplasms, infections, inflammatory illnesses, and immune-mediated disorders, according to growing data. Microbiota may influence distant tumor microenvironment through a variety of methods, including cytokine release control, dendritic cell activation, and T-cell lymphocyte stimulation. There are numerous major implications to study the microbiome in patients with benign and malignant hematologic disorders. In this review, we investigated the structure and function of the microbiome in patients with benign and malignant hematological diseases. Chemotherapy and immunosuppressive agents used in treatment of these benign and malignant hematological diseases may cause or exacerbate dysbiosis and infectious problems. After understanding the importance of microbiota in hematological diseases, we think that use of probiotics and dietary prebiotic substances targeting microbiota modification aiming to improve hematological disease outcomes should be investigated in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafiye Ciftciler
- Aksaray University Training and Research Hospital, Department of Hematology, Aksaray, Turkey.
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13
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Astore C, Zhou H, Jacob J, Skolnick J. Prediction of severe adverse events, modes of action and drug treatments for COVID-19's complications. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20864. [PMID: 34675303 PMCID: PMC8531388 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00368-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Following SARS-CoV-2 infection, some COVID-19 patients experience severe host driven adverse events. To treat these complications, their underlying etiology and drug treatments must be identified. Thus, a novel AI methodology MOATAI-VIR, which predicts disease-protein-pathway relationships and repurposed FDA-approved drugs to treat COVID-19's clinical manifestations was developed. SARS-CoV-2 interacting human proteins and GWAS identified respiratory failure genes provide the input from which the mode-of-action (MOA) proteins/pathways of the resulting disease comorbidities are predicted. These comorbidities are then mapped to their clinical manifestations. To assess each manifestation's molecular basis, their prioritized shared proteins were subject to global pathway analysis. Next, the molecular features associated with hallmark COVID-19 phenotypes, e.g. unusual neurological symptoms, cytokine storms, and blood clots were explored. In practice, 24/26 of the major clinical manifestations are successfully predicted. Three major uncharacterized manifestation categories including neoplasms are also found. The prevalence of neoplasms suggests that SARS-CoV-2 might be an oncovirus due to shared molecular mechanisms between oncogenesis and viral replication. Then, repurposed FDA-approved drugs that might treat COVID-19's clinical manifestations are predicted by virtual ligand screening of the most frequent comorbid protein targets. These drugs might help treat both COVID-19's severe adverse events and lesser ones such as loss of taste/smell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney Astore
- Center for the Study of Systems Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, 950 Atlantic Drive, N.W., Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Hongyi Zhou
- Center for the Study of Systems Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, 950 Atlantic Drive, N.W., Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Joshy Jacob
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
| | - Jeffrey Skolnick
- Center for the Study of Systems Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, 950 Atlantic Drive, N.W., Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
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Elshafae SM, Kohart NA, Breitbach JT, Hildreth BE, Rosol TJ. The Effect of a Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor (AR-42) and Zoledronic Acid on Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma Osteolytic Bone Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13205066. [PMID: 34680215 PMCID: PMC8533796 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13205066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) Leukemia is an aggressive, peripheral blood (T-cell) neoplasm associated with human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection. Recent studies have implicated dysregulated histone deacetylases in ATL pathogenesis. ATL modulates the bone microenvironment of patients and activates osteoclasts (bone resorbing cells) that cause severe bone loss. The objective of this study was to assess the individual and dual effects of AR-42 (HDACi) and zoledronic acid (Zol) on the growth of ATL cells in vitro and in vivo. AR-42 and Zol reduced the viability of ATL cells in vitro. Additionally, Zol and Zol/AR-42 decreased ATL tumor growth and halted osteolysis in bone tumor xenografts in immunodeficient mice in vivo. Our study suggests that dual targeting of ATL cells (using HDACi) and bone osteoclasts (using bisphosphonates) may be exploited as a valuable approach to reduce bone tumor burden and improve the life quality of ATL patients. Abstract Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is an intractable disease affecting nearly 4% of Human T-cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 (HTLV-1) carriers. Acute ATL has a unique interaction with bone characterized by aggressive bone invasion, osteolytic metastasis, and hypercalcemia. We hypothesized that dual tumor and bone-targeted therapies would decrease tumor burden in bone, the incidence of metastasis, and ATL-associated osteolysis. Our goal was to evaluate dual targeting of both ATL bone tumors and the bone microenvironment using an anti-tumor HDACi (AR-42) and an osteoclast inhibitor (zoledronic acid, Zol), alone and in combination. Our results showed that AR-42, Zol, and AR-42/Zol significantly decreased the viability of multiple ATL cancer cell lines in vitro. Zol and AR-42/Zol decreased tumor growth in vivo. Zol ± AR-42 significantly decreased ATL-associated bone resorption and promoted new bone formation. AR-42-treated ATL cells had increased mRNA levels of PTHrP, ENPP2 (autotaxin) and MIP-1α, and TAX viral gene expression. AR-42 alone had no significant effect on tumor growth or osteolysis in mice. These findings indicate that Zol adjuvant therapy has the potential to reduce growth of ATL in bone and its associated osteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Said M. Elshafae
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (S.M.E.); (N.A.K.); (J.T.B.)
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Kalyubia 13736, Egypt
| | - Nicole A. Kohart
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (S.M.E.); (N.A.K.); (J.T.B.)
| | - Justin T. Breitbach
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (S.M.E.); (N.A.K.); (J.T.B.)
| | - Blake E. Hildreth
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
| | - Thomas J. Rosol
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-740-593-2405
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Ghaffari-Rafi A, Rho YS, Hall A, Villanueva N, Nogi M. HTLV-1 associated acute adult T-cell lymphoma/leukemia presenting as acute liver failure in Micronesian: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e26236. [PMID: 34260522 PMCID: PMC8284719 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000026236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Malignant infiltration accounts for 0.5% of acute liver failure cases, with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma the predominant cause. Adult T-cell lymphoma/leukemia (ATLL) is a rarer source of acute hepatitis, with only 3 cases reported and all resulting in immediate deterioration with death. ATLL rises from human T-lymphocytic virus-1 (HTLV-1), commonly found in Japan (southern and northern islands), the Caribbean, Central and South America, intertropical Africa, Romania, and northern Iran. In Micronesia, HTLV-1 infection amongst native-born is absent or exceedingly rare. PATIENT CONCERNS A 77-year-old Marshallese man presented to the emergency department with a 1-week history of generalized weakness, fatigue, and nausea. The physical exam revealed a cervical papulonodular exanthem and scleral icterus. DIAGNOSIS Laboratory studies were remarkable for aspartate-aminotransferase of 230 IU/L (reference range [RR]: 0-40), alanine-aminotransferase of 227 IU/L (RR: 0-41), alkaline phosphatase of 133 IU/L (RR: 35-129), and total bilirubin of 4.7 mg/dL (RR: 0-1.2), supporting acute liver injury. Platelet count was 11.6x104/μL (RR: 15.1-42.4 × 104), hemoglobin was 13.8 g/dL (RR: 13.7-17.5), and white blood cell count was 7570/μL (RR: 3800-10,800) with 81.8% neutrophils (RR: 34.0-72.0) and 10.4% lymphocytes (RR: 12.0-44.0). The peripheral blood smear demonstrated abnormal lymphocytes with occasional flower cell morphology. HTLV-1/2 antibody tested positive. The skin and liver biopsies confirmed atypical T-cell infiltrate. The diagnosis of ATLL was established. INTERVENTIONS The patient elected for palliative chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone (CVP). He began antiviral treatment with zidovudine 250 mg bis in die (BID) indefinitely. Ursodiol and cholestyramine were added for his hyperbilirubinemia. OUTCOMES Four weeks from admission, the patient returned to near baseline functional status and was discharged home. LESSONS This case highlights that ATLL can initially present as isolated acute hepatitis, and how careful examination of peripheral blood-smear may elucidate hepatitis etiology. We also present support for utilizing ursodiol with cholestyramine for treating a hyperbilirubinemia. Moreover, unlike prior reports of ATLL presenting as liver dysfunction, combined antiviral and CVP chemotherapy was effective in this case. Lastly, there are seldom demographic reports of HTLV-1 infection from the Micronesian area, and our case represents the first indexed case of HTLV-1-associated-ATLL presenting as acute liver failure in a Marshallese patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Ghaffari-Rafi
- University of California, Davis, School of Medicine, Department of Neurological Surgery Sacramento, CA
- University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, John A. Burns School of Medicine Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Young Soo Rho
- University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Department of Medicine Honolulu, Hawaii
- The Queen's Medical Center Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Andrew Hall
- The Queen's Medical Center Honolulu, Hawaii
- University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Department of Pathology Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Nicolas Villanueva
- University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Department of Medicine Honolulu, Hawaii
- The Queen's Medical Center Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Masayuki Nogi
- University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Department of Medicine Honolulu, Hawaii
- The Queen's Medical Center Honolulu, Hawaii
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) Provide a Potentially Unlimited T Cell Source for CAR-T Cell Development and Off-the-Shelf Products. Pharm Res 2021; 38:931-945. [PMID: 34114161 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-021-03067-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy has been increasingly conducted for cancer patients in clinical settings. Progress in this therapeutic approach is hampered by the lack of a solid manufacturing process, T lymphocytes, and tumor-specific antigens. T cell source used in CAR-T cell therapy is derived predominantly from the patient's own T lymphocytes, which makes this approach impracticable to patients with progressive diseases and T leukemia. The generation of autologous CAR-T cells is time-consuming due to the lack of readily available T lymphocytes and is not applicable for third-party patients. Pluripotent stem cells, such as human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), can provide an unlimited T cell source for CAR-T cell development with the potential of generating off-the-shelf T cell products. T-iPSCs (iPSC-derived T cells) are phenotypically defined, expandable, and as functional as physiological T cells. The combination of iPSC and CAR technologies provides an exciting opportunity to oncology and greatly facilitates cell-based therapy for cancer patients. However, T-iPSCs, in combination with CARs, are at the early stage of development and need further pre-clinical and clinical studies. This review will critically discuss the progress made in iPSC-derived T cells and provides a roadmap for the development of CAR iPSC-derived T cells and off-the-shelf T-iPSCs.
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17
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Cortés JR, Palomero T. Biology and Molecular Pathogenesis of Mature T-Cell Lymphomas. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2021; 11:cshperspect.a035402. [PMID: 32513675 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a035402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs) constitute a highly heterogeneous group of hematological diseases with complex clinical and molecular features consistent with the diversity of the T-cell type from which they originate. In the past several years, the systematic implementation of high-throughput genomic technologies for the analysis of T-cell malignancies has supported an exponential progress in our understanding of the genetic drivers of oncogenesis and unraveled the molecular complexity of these diseases. Recent findings have helped redefine the classification of T-cell malignancies and provided novel biomarkers to improve diagnosis accuracy and analyze the response to therapy. In addition, multiple novel targeted therapies including small-molecule inhibitors, antibody-based approaches, and immunotherapy have shown promising results in early clinical analysis and have the potential to completely change the way T-cell malignancies have been treated traditionally.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Teresa Palomero
- Institute for Cancer Genetics.,Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, USA
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18
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Henry RK, Bagg A, Wu C, Eagle RC, Milman T. Orbital and Ocular Adnexal Manifestations of Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma: a Case Report and Systematic Review. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2021; 37:201-211. [PMID: 32427727 DOI: 10.1097/iop.0000000000001695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe a patient with orbital adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) and to review the literature on presentation, diagnostics, management, and clinical course of this rare disease. METHODS A systematic literature review. PubMed/MEDLINE and Google Scholar databases were searched for all well-documented cases of orbital/ocular adnexal ATLL. RESULTS Sixteen patients were included in the final analysis. The median age at diagnosis was 47 years (range, 20-85), 9/16 patients (56%) were male, and patients were of Japanese (10/16, 63%), Caribbean (5/16, 31%), or African (1/16, 6%) origin. Proptosis (6/15, 40%) and visual loss (5/15, 33%) were the most common presenting signs. Involvement of adjacent structures was documented in 8 of 16 (50%) patients. All patients had evidence of systemic ATLL, which was identified concurrently with orbital/ocular adnexal disease in 9 of 15 (60%) patients. Management included multi-agent chemotherapy with steroids (9/13, 69%), antivirals (2/13, 15%), biologic agents (4/13, 31%), and umbilical cord blood transplantation (1/13, 8%). Most patients (8/12, 67%) experienced at least partial remission with disease relapse occurring in 6 of 8 patients (75%). The median survival time was 28 months (95% CI, 5.5-50.5 months). CONCLUSIONS Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of orbital and ocular adnexal space-occupying lesions, particularly in male patients from endemic regions. Orbital disease is frequently locally aggressive and presents concurrently with systemic ATLL, highlighting the importance of comprehensive multimodal work-up and multidisciplinary management. Emerging targeted therapies and hematopoietic stem cell transplant may prolong survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger K Henry
- Pathology Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Adam Bagg
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Connie Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wills Eye Hospital, Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ralph C Eagle
- Pathology Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Tatyana Milman
- Pathology Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pathology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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19
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Thompson HJ, Patrick A, Liu V. Spreading violaceous neck plaques in a fatigued man. Clin Exp Dermatol 2021; 46:778-781. [PMID: 33426706 DOI: 10.1111/ced.14545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - A Patrick
- Department of Dermatology, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - V Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Iowa City, IA, USA
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20
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Choudhuri J, Geiser Roberts L, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Fang Y. A Rare CD4-CD8+ Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma with Unique Molecular Mutations: A Case Report with Literature Review. Case Rep Hematol 2020; 2020:8890502. [PMID: 33178468 PMCID: PMC7647743 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8890502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a mature T-cell neoplasm caused by infection of the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1). Most ATLL cases are CD4-positive and CD8-negative. Though rare, there are a few dual negative (CD4-CD8-), dual positive (CD4+CD8+), and CD4-CD8+ cases reported in literature. ATLL is associated with HTLV-1 infection, but HTLV-1 alone cannot cause the malignant transformation of infected T cells. Additional genetic and/or epigenetic events are required for the development of the disease. Here, we report an unusual CD4-CD8+ATLL in a 76-year-old male with a unique molecular genetic profile. Molecular studies revealed alterations in 10 genes. Three of them are predicted to be pathogenic by the computational models, including the frameshift change in ZFHX4 and missense mutations in RHOA and POT1. The specific mutations of POT1 (c.281A > G; p.Q94R), RHOA (c.47G > A; p.C16Y), and ZFHX4 (c.2871delC; p.F958Sfs ∗ 31) have never been previously reported in ATLL to the best of our knowledge. The clinical significance of other genetic alterations is unknown. Further research is warranted to correlate this patient's molecular findings with other ATLL cases. Correlation specifically with other cases of CD8+ ATLL could prove to be useful in understanding the pathogenesis of this rare variant of an already rare form of leukemia/lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jui Choudhuri
- Department of Pathology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York City 10467, NY, USA
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Pelham PKWY South Bronx, New York City 10467, NY, USA
| | - Leah Geiser Roberts
- Liberty University College of Osteopathic Medicine (LUCOM), Lynchburg, VA, USA
| | - Yan Zhang
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Pelham PKWY South Bronx, New York City 10467, NY, USA
- Jacobi Medical Center and NCB Hospital, Bronx, New York City 10467, NY, USA
| | - Yanhua Wang
- Department of Pathology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York City 10467, NY, USA
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Pelham PKWY South Bronx, New York City 10467, NY, USA
| | - Yanan Fang
- Department of Pathology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York City 10467, NY, USA
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Pelham PKWY South Bronx, New York City 10467, NY, USA
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21
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Development of anti-human CADM1 monoclonal antibodies as a potential therapy for adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. Int J Hematol 2020; 112:496-503. [PMID: 32656636 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-020-02939-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a highly invasive and refractory T-cell malignancy, with poor prognosis. We previously identified that cell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1) is overexpressed consistently in ATLL cells, and that CADM1 expression increases the adhesion capacity of ATLL cells to endothelial cells and promotes the organ invasion of ATLL cells in a xenograft mouse model. In this study, we first show that newly developed several anti-human CADM1 antibodies, which were complete human IgG antibodies generated by phage display method, specifically recognize CADM1 on ATLL cells. Although most of the CADM1 antibodies did not have a direct cytotoxic effect against CADM1-positive ATLL cells, clone 089-084 exhibited weak but significant antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxic activity. Moreover, clone 103-189 effectively inhibits the interaction between endothelial cells and CADM1-positive ATLL cells. Furthermore, in mice bearing intra-splenic transplantation of EL4 mouse lymphoma cells expressing CADM1, the treatment of 103-189 significantly suppressed the organ invasion of CADM1-positive EL4 cells, resulting in improved survival time of mice. Therefore, since the anti-CADM1 antibody may be useful for the suppression of organ invasion in ATLL patients, combination use of the anti-CADM1 antibody with chemotherapy drugs could be beneficial for the efficient elimination of ATLL cells.
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22
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Houssein M, Fatfat M, Habli Z, Ghazal N, Moodad S, Khalife H, Khalil M, Gali-Muhtasib H. Thymoquinone synergizes with arsenic and interferon alpha to target human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. Life Sci 2020; 251:117639. [PMID: 32272181 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To reduce the dose of arsenic used against human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma and to sensitize cells to drug treatment, we combined arsenic/interferon-alpha (As/IFN-α) with thymoquinone (TQ) in HTLV-I positive (HuT-102 and C91) and HTLV-1 negative (CEM and Jurkat) cell lines. MAIN METHODS Cells were treated with TQ, As/IFN-α and combinations. Trypan blue and flow cytometry were used to investigate viability and cell cycle effects. Annexin-V staining, rhodamine assay and western blotting were used to determine apoptosis induction and changes in protein expression. Efficacy of single drugs and combinations were tested in adult T-cell leukemia (HuT-102) mouse xenograft model. KEY FINDINGS TQ/As/IFN-α led to a more pronounced and synergistic time-dependent inhibitory effect on HTLV-I positive cells in comparison to As/IFN-α. While As/IFN-α combination was not effective against CEM or Jurkat cells, the triple combination TQ/As/IFN-α sensitized these two cell lines and led to a pronounced time-dependent inhibition of cell viability. TQ/As/IFN-α significantly induced apoptosis in all four cell lines and disrupted the mitochondrial membrane potential. Apoptosis was confirmed by the cleavage of caspase 3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), downregulation of Bcl-2 and XIAP and upregulation of Bax. TQ alone or in combination activated p53 in HTLV-1 positive cell lines. Strikingly, TQ/As/IFN-α resulted in a pronounced significant decrease in tumor volume in HuT-102 xenograft mouse model, as compared to separate treatments or double combination therapy. SIGNIFICANCE Our results suggest a strong potential for TQ to enhance the drug targeting effects of the standard clinical drugs As and IFN-α against CD4+ malignant T-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Houssein
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Lebanon
| | - Maamoun Fatfat
- Center for Drug Discovery, American University of Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Zeina Habli
- Center for Drug Discovery, American University of Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nasab Ghazal
- Department of Biology and Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, American University of Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sara Moodad
- Department of Biology and Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, American University of Beirut, Lebanon; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hala Khalife
- Rammal Laboratory (ATAC), Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University Hadath, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mahmoud Khalil
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Lebanon
| | - Hala Gali-Muhtasib
- Department of Biology and Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, American University of Beirut, Lebanon; Center for Drug Discovery, American University of Beirut, Lebanon.
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Epigenetics evaluation of the oncogenic mechanisms of two closely related bovine and human deltaretroviruses: A system biology study. Microb Pathog 2020; 139:103845. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Hirose L, Hiramoto T, Tian Y, Kohara H, Kobayashi S, Nagai E, Denda T, Tanaka Y, Ota Y, Jiyuan L, Miyamoto S, Miura Y, Hijikata Y, Soda Y, Inoue T, Okahara N, Itoh T, Sasaki E, Tojo A, Uchimaru K, Tani K. A pilot study to establish human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) carrier model using common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus). J Med Primatol 2020; 49:86-94. [PMID: 31930552 DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For the diagnosis and treatment of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) caused by human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) are required therapeutic modalities urgently. Non-human primate models for ATLL would provide a valuable information for clinical studies. We did a pilot study to establish an ATLL non-human primate model using common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus). METHODS We inoculated HTLV-1-producing MT-2 cells into 9-month-old marmosets, either intraperitoneally or intravenously. We next administrated MT-2 cells into 13-month-old marmosets under cyclosporine A (CsA) treatment to promote infection. HTLV-1 infection was determined by measuring HTLV-1 antibody titer in the common marmosets. RESULTS The HTLV-1 antibody titer increased in the intraperitoneally inoculated marmoset with or without CsA treatment, and it kept over five 5 years though proviral copy number (proviral load, PVL) remained low throughout the study. CONCLUSION We obtained HTLV-1 asymptomatic carriers of common marmosets by inoculating MT-2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Hirose
- Project Division of ALA Advanced Medical Research, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takafumi Hiramoto
- Project Division of ALA Advanced Medical Research, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yamin Tian
- Project Division of ALA Advanced Medical Research, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kohara
- Project Division of ALA Advanced Medical Research, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Kobayashi
- Division of Molecular Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Etsuko Nagai
- Department of Pathology, Research Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tamami Denda
- Department of Pathology, Research Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukihisa Tanaka
- Department of Pathology, Research Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasunori Ota
- Department of Pathology, Research Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Liao Jiyuan
- Project Division of ALA Advanced Medical Research, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shohei Miyamoto
- Project Division of ALA Advanced Medical Research, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshie Miura
- Project Division of ALA Advanced Medical Research, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuki Hijikata
- Project Division of ALA Advanced Medical Research, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasushi Soda
- Project Division of ALA Advanced Medical Research, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Inoue
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Norio Okahara
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Toshio Itoh
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Erika Sasaki
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Arinobu Tojo
- Division of Molecular Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaoru Uchimaru
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Science, The Tokyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenzaburo Tani
- Project Division of ALA Advanced Medical Research, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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25
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Adkins BD, Ramos JC, Bliss-Moreau M, Gru AA. Updates in lymph node and skin pathology of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, biomarkers, and beyond. Semin Diagn Pathol 2020; 37:1-10. [PMID: 31889601 PMCID: PMC7668393 DOI: 10.1053/j.semdp.2019.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a mature T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder associated with the human T lymphotropic virus (HTLV-1) infection. ATLL predominantly affects individuals within HTLV-1 endemic areas such as Japan, areas of Africa, South America, and the Caribbean. HTLV-1 preferentially infects CD4+ T-cells, and several genetic hits must occur before ATLL develops. ATLL is classically divided into four clinical variants based on manifestations of disease: acute, chronic, lymphomatous, and smouldering. As of 2019, a new subtype has been described: lymphoma type of ATL, extranodal primary cutaneous. In this review, emphasis will be taken to describe the common clinicopathologic manifestations of the disease, advances in biomarker discovery, mutational landscape and targeted therapeutic approaches to treat this highly aggressive and frequently lethal type of T-cell lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian D Adkins
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Juan C Ramos
- Division of Hematology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Meghan Bliss-Moreau
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Alejandro A Gru
- Pathology & Dermatology, Hematopathology and Dermatopathology Sections, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States.
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26
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Fleischer LC, Spencer HT, Raikar SS. Targeting T cell malignancies using CAR-based immunotherapy: challenges and potential solutions. J Hematol Oncol 2019; 12:141. [PMID: 31884955 PMCID: PMC6936092 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-019-0801-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has been successful in treating B cell malignancies in clinical trials; however, fewer studies have evaluated CAR T cell therapy for the treatment of T cell malignancies. There are many challenges in translating this therapy for T cell disease, including fratricide, T cell aplasia, and product contamination. To the best of our knowledge, no tumor-specific antigen has been identified with universal expression on cancerous T cells, hindering CAR T cell therapy for these malignancies. Numerous approaches have been assessed to address each of these challenges, such as (i) disrupting target antigen expression on CAR-modified T cells, (ii) targeting antigens with limited expression on T cells, and (iii) using third party donor cells that are either non-alloreactive or have been genome edited at the T cell receptor α constant (TRAC) locus. In this review, we discuss CAR approaches that have been explored both in preclinical and clinical studies targeting T cell antigens, as well as examine other potential strategies that can be used to successfully translate this therapy for T cell disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren C Fleischer
- Molecular and Systems Pharmacology Graduate Program, Graduate Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Laney Graduate School, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Cell and Gene Therapy Program, Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - H Trent Spencer
- Molecular and Systems Pharmacology Graduate Program, Graduate Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Laney Graduate School, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Cell and Gene Therapy Program, Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sunil S Raikar
- Cell and Gene Therapy Program, Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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27
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Fukutani ER, Ramos PIP, Kasprzykowski JI, Azevedo LG, Rodrigues MMDS, Lima JVDOP, de Araújo Junior HFS, Fukutani KF, de Queiroz ATL. Meta-Analysis of HTLV-1-Infected Patients Identifies CD40LG and GBP2 as Markers of ATLL and HAM/TSP Clinical Status: Two Genes Beat as One. Front Genet 2019; 10:1056. [PMID: 31781157 PMCID: PMC6857459 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1) was the first recognized human retrovirus. Infection can lead to two main symptomatologies: adult T-cell lymphoma/leukemia (ATLL) and HTLV-1 associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). Each manifestation is associated with distinct characteristics, as ATLL presents as a leukemia-like disease, while HAM/TSP presents as severe inflammation in the central nervous system, leading to paraparesis. Previous studies have identified molecules associated with disease development, e.g., the downregulation of Foxp3 in Treg cells was associated with increased risk of HAM/TSP. In addition, elevated levels of CXCL10, CXCL9, and Neopterin in cerebrospinal fluid also present increased risk. However, these molecules were only associated with specific patient groups or viral strains. Furthermore, the majority of studies did not jointly compare all clinical manifestations, and robust analysis entails the inclusion of both ATLL and HAM/TSP. The low numbers of samples also pose difficulties in conducting gene expression analysis to identify specific molecular relationships. To address these limitations and increase the power of manifestation-specific gene associations, meta-analysis was performed using publicly available gene expression data. The application of supervised learning techniques identified alterations in two genes observed to act in tandem as potential biomarkers: GBP2 was associated with HAM/TSP, and CD40LG with ATLL. Together, both molecules demonstrated high sample-classification accuracy (AUC values: 0.88 and 1.0, respectively). Next, other genes with expression correlated to these genes were identified, and we attempted to relate the enriched pathways identified with the characteristic of each clinical manifestation. The present findings contribute to knowledge surrounding viral progression and suggest a potentially powerful new tool for the molecular classification of HTLV-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Rocha Fukutani
- Center of Data and Knowledge Integration for Health (CIDACS), Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Pablo Ivan Pereira Ramos
- Center of Data and Knowledge Integration for Health (CIDACS), Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Brazil
| | - José Irahe Kasprzykowski
- Center of Data and Knowledge Integration for Health (CIDACS), Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Lucas Gentil Azevedo
- Center of Data and Knowledge Integration for Health (CIDACS), Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Kiyoshi Ferreira Fukutani
- Center of Data and Knowledge Integration for Health (CIDACS), Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Brazil.,Fundação José Silveira, Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research, FJS, Salvador, Brazil.,Faculdade de Medicina, Faculdade de Tecnologia e Ciências, Salvador, Brazil
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28
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Kohart NA, Elshafae SM, Demirer AA, Dirksen WP, Breitbach JT, Shu ST, Xiang J, Weilbaecher KN, Rosol TJ. Parathyroid hormone-related protein promotes bone loss in T-cell leukemia as well as in solid tumors. Leuk Lymphoma 2019; 61:409-419. [PMID: 31592701 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2019.1672055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) and macrophage inflammatory protein-1α (MIP-1α) are important factors that increase bone resorption and hypercalcemia in adult T-cell leukemia (ATL). We investigated the role of PTHrP and MIP-1α in the development of local osteolytic lesions in T-cell leukemia through overexpression in Jurkat T-cells. Injections of Jurkat-PTHrP and Jurkat-MIP-1α into the tibia and the left ventricle of NSG mice were performed to evaluate tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. Jurkat-pcDNA tibial neoplasms grew at a significantly greater rate and total tibial tumor burden was significantly greater than Jurkat-PTHrP neoplasms. Despite the lower tibial tumor burden, Jurkat-PTHrP bone neoplasms had significantly greater osteolysis than Jurkat-pcDNA and Jurkat-MIP-1α neoplasms. Jurkat-PTHrP and Jurkat-pcDNA cells preferentially metastasized to bone following intracardiac injection, though the overall metastatic burden was lower in Jurkat-PTHrP mice. These findings demonstrate that PTHrP induced pathologic osteolysis in T-cell leukemia but did not increase the incidence of skeletal metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole A Kohart
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Said M Elshafae
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Kalyubia, Egypt
| | - Aylin A Demirer
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Wessel P Dirksen
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Justin T Breitbach
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sherry T Shu
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jingyu Xiang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Katherine N Weilbaecher
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Thomas J Rosol
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
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29
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Drieux F, Ruminy P, Abdel-Sater A, Lemonnier F, Viailly PJ, Fataccioli V, Marchand V, Bisig B, Letourneau A, Parrens M, Bossard C, Bruneau J, Dobay P, Veresezan L, Dupuy A, Pujals A, Robe C, Sako N, Copie-Bergman C, Delfau-Larue MH, Picquenot JM, Tilly H, Delarue R, Jardin F, de Leval L, Gaulard P. Defining signatures of peripheral T-cell lymphoma with a targeted 20-marker gene expression profiling assay. Haematologica 2019; 105:1582-1592. [PMID: 31488561 PMCID: PMC7271600 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.226647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral T-cell lymphoma comprises a heterogeneous group of mature non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Their diagnosis is challenging, with up to 30% of cases remaining unclassifiable and referred to as “not otherwise specified”. We developed a reverse transcriptase-multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification gene expression profiling assay to differentiate the main T-cell lymphoma entities and to study the heterogeneity of the “not specified” category. The test evaluates the expression of 20 genes, including 17 markers relevant to T-cell immunology and lymphoma biopathology, one Epstein-Barr virus-related transcript, and variants of RHOA (G17V) and IDH2 (R172K/T). By unsupervised hierarchical clustering, our assay accurately identified 21 of 21 ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphomas, 16 of 16 extranodal natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphomas, 6 of 6 hepatosplenic T-cell lymphomas, and 13 of 13 adult T-cell leukemia/lymphomas. ALK-negative anaplastic lymphomas (n=34) segregated into one cytotoxic cluster (n=10) and one non-cytotoxic cluster expressing Th2 markers (n=24) and enriched in DUSP22-rearranged cases. The 63 TFH-derived lymphomas divided into two subgroups according to a predominant TFH (n=50) or an enrichment in Th2 (n=13) signatures. We next developed a support vector machine predictor which attributed a molecular class to 27 of 77 not specified T-cell lymphomas: 17 TFH, five cytotoxic ALK-negative anaplastic and five NK/T-cell lymphomas. Among the remaining cases, we identified two cell-of-origin subgroups corresponding to cytotoxic/Th1 (n=19) and Th2 (n=24) signatures. A reproducibility test on 40 cases yielded a 90% concordance between three independent laboratories. This study demonstrates the applicability of a simple gene expression assay for the classification of peripheral T-cell lymphomas. Its applicability to routinely-fixed samples makes it an attractive adjunct in diagnostic practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Drieux
- INSERM U1245, Centre Henri Becquerel, Rouen, France.,Service d'Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologiques, Centre Henri Becquerel, Rouen, France.,INSERM U955 and Université Paris-Est, Créteil, France
| | | | | | - François Lemonnier
- INSERM U955 and Université Paris-Est, Créteil, France.,Unité Hémopathies Lymphoïdes, Groupe Hospitalier Henri Mondor, AP-HP, Créteil, France
| | | | | | | | - Bettina Bisig
- Institut de Pathologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Audrey Letourneau
- Institut de Pathologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marie Parrens
- Service d'Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologiques, Hôpital Haut-Lévêque, CHU de Bordeaux, France
| | - Céline Bossard
- Service d'Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologiques, CHU de Nantes, France
| | - Julie Bruneau
- Service d'Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologiques, Hôpital Universitaire Necker - Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France
| | - Pamela Dobay
- Institut de Pathologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Liana Veresezan
- INSERM U1245, Centre Henri Becquerel, Rouen, France.,Service d'Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologiques, Centre Henri Becquerel, Rouen, France
| | - Aurélie Dupuy
- INSERM U955 and Université Paris-Est, Créteil, France
| | - Anaïs Pujals
- INSERM U955 and Université Paris-Est, Créteil, France.,Département de Pathologie, Groupe Hospitalier Henri Mondor, AP-HP, Créteil, France
| | - Cyrielle Robe
- INSERM U955 and Université Paris-Est, Créteil, France
| | - Nouhoum Sako
- INSERM U955 and Université Paris-Est, Créteil, France
| | - Christiane Copie-Bergman
- INSERM U955 and Université Paris-Est, Créteil, France.,Département de Pathologie, Groupe Hospitalier Henri Mondor, AP-HP, Créteil, France
| | - Marie-Hélène Delfau-Larue
- INSERM U955 and Université Paris-Est, Créteil, France.,Département d'Hématologie et Immunologie Biologique, Groupe Hospitalier Henri Mondor, AP-HP, Créteil, France
| | - Jean-Michel Picquenot
- INSERM U1245, Centre Henri Becquerel, Rouen, France.,Service d'Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologiques, Centre Henri Becquerel, Rouen, France
| | - Hervé Tilly
- INSERM U1245, Centre Henri Becquerel, Rouen, France
| | - Richard Delarue
- Service Hématologie Adultes, Hôpital Universitaire Necker - Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France
| | | | - Laurence de Leval
- Institut de Pathologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Gaulard
- INSERM U955 and Université Paris-Est, Créteil, France .,Département de Pathologie, Groupe Hospitalier Henri Mondor, AP-HP, Créteil, France
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30
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Barrionuevo-Cornejo C, Dueñas-Hancco D. Neoplastic hematological diseases associated with HTLV-1 infection. Semin Diagn Pathol 2019; 37:98-103. [PMID: 31288962 DOI: 10.1053/j.semdp.2019.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Adult cell lymphoma/leukemia (ATLL) is a type of lymphoma consisting of T-cells that are related to infection with the human T lymphotropic virus (HTLV-1). Four clinical forms have been described (leukemic, lymphomatous, chronic, smoldering) and the phenotype corresponds to regulatory CD4+ T cells. The histological characteristics are variable, with neoplastic cells showing a size ranging from small to large and atypical nuclei with irregular contours. A series of genetic and molecular alterations have been described, which partially explain the lymphomagenesis of the neoplasm, some of which are also factors related to the clinical course and overall survival. ATLL is a neoplasm with a poor prognosis, but in recent years new targeted therapies have been designed, with encouraging responses. This neoplasm should continue to be studied to improve treatment and evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniela Dueñas-Hancco
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology. MD Anderson Cancer Center, Texas, USA
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31
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MEF-2 isoforms' (A-D) roles in development and tumorigenesis. Oncotarget 2019; 10:2755-2787. [PMID: 31105874 PMCID: PMC6505634 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocyte enhancer factor (MEF)-2 plays a critical role in proliferation, differentiation, and development of various cell types in a tissue specific manner. Four isoforms of MEF-2 (A-D) differentially participate in controlling the cell fate during the developmental phases of cardiac, muscle, vascular, immune and skeletal systems. Through their associations with various cellular factors MEF-2 isoforms can trigger alterations in complex protein networks and modulate various stages of cellular differentiation, proliferation, survival and apoptosis. The role of the MEF-2 family of transcription factors in the development has been investigated in various cell types, and the evolving alterations in this family of transcription factors have resulted in a diverse and wide spectrum of disease phenotypes, ranging from cancer to infection. This review provides a comprehensive account on MEF-2 isoforms (A-D) from their respective localization, signaling, role in development and tumorigenesis as well as their association with histone deacetylases (HDACs), which can be exploited for therapeutic intervention.
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32
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Greene R, Delabie J, Trope GE. Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma with conjunctival chemosis from infiltration and raised intraocular pressure. Can J Ophthalmol 2019; 54:e38-e40. [PMID: 30851797 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjo.2018.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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33
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Yuki A, Shinkuma S, Hayashi R, Fujikawa H, Kato T, Homma E, Hamade Y, Onodera O, Matsuoka M, Shimizu H, Iwata H, Abe R. CADM1 is a diagnostic marker in early-stage mycosis fungoides: Multicenter study of 58 cases. J Am Acad Dermatol 2018; 79:1039-1046. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2018.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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34
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Mulherkar R, Karabudak A, Ginwala R, Huang X, Rowan A, Philip R, Murphy EL, Clements D, Ndhlovu LC, Khan ZK, Jain P. In vivo and in vitro immunogenicity of novel MHC class I presented epitopes to confer protective immunity against chronic HTLV-1 infection. Vaccine 2018; 36:5046-5057. [PMID: 30005946 PMCID: PMC6091894 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) has infected as many as 10 million people worldwide. While 90% are asymptomatic, 5% develop severe diseases including adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoka (ATLL) and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). No vaccine against HTLV-1 exists, and screening programs are not universal. However, patients with chronic HTLV-1 infection have high frequencies of HTLV-1-activated CD8+ T cells, and the two main HLA alleles (A2, A24) are present in 88% of infected individuals. We thus utilized an immunoproteomics approach to characterize MHC-I restricted epitopes presented by HLA-A2+, A24+ MT-2 and SLB-1 cell lines. Unlike traditional motif prediction algorithms, this approach identifies epitopes associated with cytotoxic T-cell responses in their naturally processed forms, minimizing differences in antigen processing and protein expression levels. Out of nine identified peptides, we confirmed six novel MHC-I restricted epitopes that were capable of binding HLA-A2 and HLA-A24 alleles and used in vitro and in vivo methods to generate CD8+ T cells specific for each of these peptides. MagPix MILLIPLEX data showed that in vitro generated epitope-specific CD8+ T cells secreted IFN-ɣ, granzyme B, MIP-1α, TNF-α, perforin and IL-10 when cultured in the presence of MT-2 cell line. Degranulation assay confirmed cytotoxic response through surface expression of CD107 on CD8+ T cells when cultured with MT-2 cells. A CD8+ T-cell killing assay indicated significant antiviral activity of CD8+ T cells specific against all identified peptides. In vivo generated CD8+ T cells similarly demonstrated immunogenicity on ELISpot, CD107 degranulation assay, and MagPix MILLIPLEX analysis. These epitopes are thus candidates for a therapeutic peptide-based vaccine against HTLV-1, and our results provide preclinical data for the advancement of such a vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ria Mulherkar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Aykan Karabudak
- Immunotope, Inc., Pennsylvania Institute for Biotechnology, Doylestown, PA, USA
| | - Rashida Ginwala
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xiaofang Huang
- Immunotope, Inc., Pennsylvania Institute for Biotechnology, Doylestown, PA, USA
| | - Aileen Rowan
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Ramila Philip
- Immunotope, Inc., Pennsylvania Institute for Biotechnology, Doylestown, PA, USA
| | - Edward L. Murphy
- Department of Medicine and Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California at San Francisco
- Blood Systems Research Institute San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Danielle Clements
- Department of Tropical Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Lishomwa C. Ndhlovu
- Department of Tropical Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Zafar K. Khan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Pooja Jain
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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35
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Immunomodulation and cancer: Using mechanistic paradigms to inform risk assessment. CURRENT OPINION IN TOXICOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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36
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Vicario M, Mattiolo A, Montini B, Piano MA, Cavallari I, Amadori A, Chieco-Bianchi L, Calabrò ML. A Preclinical Model for the ATLL Lymphoma Subtype With Insights Into the Role of Microenvironment in HTLV-1-Mediated Lymphomagenesis. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1215. [PMID: 29951044 PMCID: PMC6008390 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult T cell Leukemia/Lymphoma (ATLL) is a mature T cell malignancy associated with Human T cell Leukemia Virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection. Among its four main clinical subtypes, the prognosis of acute and lymphoma variants remains poor. The long latency (3–6 decades) and low incidence (3–5%) of ATLL imply the involvement of viral and host factors in full-blown malignancy. Despite multiple preclinical and clinical studies, the contribution of the stromal microenvironment in ATLL development is not yet completely unraveled. The aims of this study were to investigate the role of the host microenvironment, and specifically fibroblasts, in ATLL pathogenesis and to propose a murine model for the lymphoma subtype. Here we present evidence that the oncogenic capacity of HTLV-1-immortalized C91/PL cells is enhanced when they are xenotransplanted together with human foreskin fibroblasts (HFF) in immunocompromised BALB/c Rag2-/-γc-/- mice. Moreover, cell lines derived from a developed lymphoma and their subsequent in vivo passages acquired the stable property to induce aggressive T cell lymphomas. In particular, one of these cell lines, C91/III cells, consistently induced aggressive lymphomas also in NOD/SCID/IL2Rγc KO (NSG) mice. To dissect the mechanisms linked to this enhanced tumorigenic ability, we quantified 45 soluble factors released by these cell lines and found that 21 of them, mainly pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, were significantly increased in C91/III cells compared to the parental C91/PL cells. Moreover, many of the increased factors were also released by human fibroblasts and belonged to the known secretory pattern of ATLL cells. C91/PL cells co-cultured with HFF showed features reminiscent of those observed in C91/III cells, including a similar secretory pattern and a more aggressive behavior in vivo. On the whole, our data provide evidence that fibroblasts, one of the major stromal components, might enhance tumorigenesis of HTLV-1-infected and immortalized T cells, thus throwing light on the role of microenvironment contribution in ATLL pathogenesis. We also propose that the lymphoma induced in NSG mice by injection with C91/III cells represents a new murine preclinical ATLL model that could be adopted to test novel therapeutic interventions for the aggressive lymphoma subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Vicario
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Adriana Mattiolo
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Barbara Montini
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Maria Assunta Piano
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Ilaria Cavallari
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Alberto Amadori
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy.,Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Luigi Chieco-Bianchi
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Calabrò
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
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Rodríguez-Zúñiga M, Cortez-Franco F, Qujiano-Gomero E. Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma. Review of the Literature. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adengl.2018.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
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Abegg C, Desideri J. A probable case of multiple myeloma in a female individual from the Simon Identified Skeletal Collection (late 19th-early 20th century, Vaud, Switzerland). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PALEOPATHOLOGY 2018; 21:158-165. [PMID: 29776886 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We present the case of an individual from the Simon Identified Skeletal Collection (Vaud, Switzerland) who appears to have been affected by a form of neoplastic disease. A detailed description and differential diagnosis of the lesions was conducted and is presented here. Considering the biological profile of the individual, the distribution of the lesions, and their appearance, a case is made for multiple myeloma as the most likely diagnosis. This case study demonstrates the importance of adopting a detailed approach for recording the metric and non-metric traits of lesions, using multiple methods of analysis, and providing graphic and photographic documentation in order to provide valuable comparison material through publication. The good preservation of the remains and the background information available for the individual also make this case ideal for inclusion in future comparative studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudine Abegg
- Section of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Department F.-A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences, Laboratory of Prehistoric Archaeology and Anthropology, University of Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Jocelyne Desideri
- Section of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Department F.-A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences, Laboratory of Prehistoric Archaeology and Anthropology, University of Geneva, Switzerland.
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Rodríguez-Zúñiga MJM, Cortez-Franco F, Qujiano-Gomero E. Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma. Review of the Literature. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2018; 109:399-407. [PMID: 29685460 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2017.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult T-cell Leukemia/Lymphoma (ATLL) is an aggressive neoplasm of T lymphocytes associated with Human T-lymphotropic virus type1 (HTLV-1) infection. HTLV-1 is a public health problem because it is endemic in native groups in Latin America, and its infection leads to several chronic diseases as ATLL. We aimed to review current literature of ATLL in order to consider it as a differential diagnosis in front of patients with compatible symptoms. Prognosis is still poor in aggressive and indolent variants, with survival rates from months to few years. Treatment based on chemotherapy, antiretroviral, and allogenic stem cell transplantation are currently improving survival rates, but with limited results.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J M Rodríguez-Zúñiga
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión, Callao, Perú; Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú.
| | - F Cortez-Franco
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión, Callao, Perú
| | - E Qujiano-Gomero
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión, Callao, Perú
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Ramai D, Ofori E, Nigar S, Reddy M. Primary hepatic peripheral T-cell lymphoma associated with Epstein-Barr viral infection. World J Hepatol 2018; 10:347-351. [PMID: 29527270 PMCID: PMC5838453 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v10.i2.347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary hepatic peripheral T-cell lymphoma (H-PTCL) is one of the rarest forms of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. We report a patient who presented with worsening jaundice, abdominal pain, and vomiting. Laboratory values were significant for elevated total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, and liver aminotransferases. Following a liver biopsy, histopathology revealed several large dense clusters of atypical T-lymphocytes which were CD2+, CD3+, CD5+, CD7-, CD4+, CD8-, CD56-, CD57-, CD30+ by immunohistochemistry. The proliferation index was approximately 70% by labeling for ki67/mib1. The above histological profile was consistent with peripheral T-cell lymphoma of the liver. Epstein-Barr viral serology indicated a remote infection, a likely risk factor for PTCL. Bone marrow biopsy was negative for malignancy, further supporting hepatic origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daryl Ramai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Brooklyn Hospital Center, Brooklyn, NY 11201, United States
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, St. George’s University School of Medicine, Grenada 999166, West Indies
| | - Emmanuel Ofori
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Brooklyn Hospital Center, Brooklyn, NY 11201, United States
| | - Sofia Nigar
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Brooklyn Hospital Center, Brooklyn, NY 11201, United States
| | - Madhavi Reddy
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Brooklyn Hospital Center, Brooklyn, NY 11201, United States
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Kamada T, Phan CS, Hamada T, Hatai K, Vairappan CS. Cytotoxic and Antifungal Terpenoids from Bornean Soft Coral, Sinularia flexibilis. Nat Prod Commun 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1801300106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
One new cembrane, ent -sinuflexibilin D (1), along with seven known compounds (2-8) were isolated from a population of Bornean soft coral Sinularia flexibilis. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses. Cytotoxicity and antifungal activities of these compounds were evaluated in vitro. In addition, muurolene 7 was first isolates from a marine source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kamada
- Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry, Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Chin-Soon Phan
- Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry, Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Toshiyuki Hamada
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University, 1-21-35 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Kishio Hatai
- Microbiology and Fish Disease Laboratory, Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Charles Santhanaraju Vairappan
- Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry, Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
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Laribi K, Lemaire P, Sandrini J, Baugier de Materre A. Advances in the understanding and management of T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia. Oncotarget 2017; 8:104664-104686. [PMID: 29262669 PMCID: PMC5732835 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
T-prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL) is a rare T-cell neoplasm with an aggressive clinical course. Leukemic T-cells exhibit a post-thymic T-cell phenotype (Tdt-, CD1a-, CD5+, CD2+ and CD7+) and are generally CD4+/CD8-, but CD4+/CD8+ or CD8+/CD4- T-PLL have also been reported. The hallmark of T-PLL is the rearrangement of chromosome 14 involving genes for the subunits of the T-cell receptor (TCR) complex, leading to overexpression of the proto-oncogene TCL1. In addition, molecular analysis shows that T-PLL exhibits substantial mutational activation of the IL2RG-JAK1-JAK3-, STAT5B axis. T-PLL patients have a poor prognosis, due to a poor response to conventional chemotherapy. Monoclonal antibody therapy with antiCD52-alemtuzumab has considerably improved outcomes, but the responses to treatment are transient; hence, patients who achieve a response to therapy are considered for stem cell transplantation (SCT). This combined approach has extended the median survival to four years or more. Nevertheless, new approaches using well-tolerated therapies that target growth and survival signals are needed for most patients unable to receive intensive chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamel Laribi
- Department of Hematology, Centre Hospitalier du Mans, Le Mans, France
| | - Pierre Lemaire
- Laboratory of Biology and Hematology, Centre Hospitalier du Mans, Le Mans, France
| | - Jeremy Sandrini
- Laboratory of Anatomopathology, Centre Hospitalier du Mans, Le Mans, France
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Winsett FT, Lewis DJ, Duvic M. Mogamulizumab for the treatment of relapsed or refractory adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma. Expert Rev Hematol 2017; 10:757-760. [PMID: 28756726 DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2017.1361819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATL) is an aggressive variant of peripheral T-cell lymphoma of CD4+ T-malignant cells caused by human T-lymphotropic virus type-1. Despite aggressive treatment with multidrug combination chemotherapies, ATL confers a poor prognosis and commonly develops resistance to conventional treatments. Areas covered: Mogamulizumab is a humanized, defucosylated monoclonal antibody that acts by targeting the CC chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) on malignant cells of ATL. In phase I and II clinical trials, it has achieved overall response rates of 31-50% in CCR4+ malignancies. The most commonly observed hematologic and non-hematologic adverse events included lymphocytopenia, neutropenia, leukocytopenia, infusion reaction, rash, and pyrexia. Expert commentary: Mogamulizumab has shown significant efficacy in treating ATL with moderately high response rates and has been approved in Japan for use in ATL. It may serve as a bridge therapy to achieve disease control prior to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. It also offers potential for use in combination with conventional chemotherapy. Determining the optimal combination of mogamulizumab with conventional and novel therapies remains an important strategy to improve the prognosis of patients with ATL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank T Winsett
- a University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Daniel J Lewis
- b School of Medicine , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , TX , USA.,c Department of Dermatology , The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Madeleine Duvic
- c Department of Dermatology , The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
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Lupo S, Berini C, Cánepa C, Santini Araujo E, Biglione M. Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma and the Importance of Considering the Oncogenic and Immune-Suppressant Role of the Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 1: A Case Report. Front Oncol 2017; 7:91. [PMID: 28596939 PMCID: PMC5442215 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2017.00091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Soft-tissue sarcomas account for 0.7% of all malignant tumors, with an incidence rate of 3 per 100,000 persons/year. The undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) with giant cells, a high grade tumor of soft tissue, is very unusual, especially in young adults before the age of 40. Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a human retrovirus, classified as group 1 human carcinogens by The International Agency for Research on Cancer, that causes an aggressive malignancy known as adult T-cell lymphoma/leukemia and a progressive chronic inflammatory neurological disease named HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). HTLV-1 causes accumulation of genetic mutations in the host genome that could contribute to cellular transformation, one of the oncogenic features of HTLV-1. Case report We describe a case of a young woman with UPS who suffered from HAM/TSP with 3 years of evolution. In 2013, the patient started with neurological symptoms: weakness in the legs and bladder dysfunction. One year later, the patient developed a mild paraparesis in both extremities, anti-HTLV-1 antibodies were detected in plasma and in cerebrospinal fluid, and HAM/TSP was confirmed. In November 2015, a benign ganglion cyst was first suspected without intervention and by March 2016 a sarcoma was diagnosed. Three weeks after surgical resection, the tumor aroused in deep tissue and behaved aggressively, implicating a curative wide resection of the fibula, joint reconstruction, and soft-tissue graft. Histopathological examination confirmed UPS with giant cells. Concluding remarks The unapparent subclinical immunodeficiency state due to HTLV-1 infection deserves to be considered in order to carefully monitor the possibility of developing any type of cancer. Besides, reaching an accurate and timely diagnosis of UPS can be challenging due to the difficulty in diagnosis/classification and delayed consultation. In this particular case, considering the high grade of UPS and the progressive invalidating myelopathy caused by HTLV-1, treatment should be carefully evaluated to positively impact on the patient’s life expectancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Lupo
- School of Medical Sciences (UNR) and UAI Rosario, Centralized Institute of Integral Clinical Research (CAICI), Rosario, Argentina
| | - Carolina Berini
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Camila Cánepa
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Mirna Biglione
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Valencia M, Moreno L. Comorbidity between HTLV-1-associated adult T-cell lymphoma/leukemia and verrucous carcinoma: a case report. Colomb Med (Cali) 2017; 48:35-38. [PMID: 28559645 PMCID: PMC5438227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adult T-cell Leukemia/Lymphoma (ATLL) is classified as a peripheral CD4+ T-cell neoplasm caused by the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1). Typical symptoms are associated with leukemic infiltration; however, atypical and exaggerated manifestations of verrucous carcinoma have also been described. CASE REPORT We present here the case of a patient with multiple skin lesions, ischemic necrosis in the hallux and lymphadenopathies. Biopsies were taken, which showed verrucous epidermal carcinoma and cutaneous lymphoma. Splenomegaly and adenopathy in mesentery, retro peritoneum and lymph node chains in the limbs were observed. Bone marrow examination showed findings compatible with T-cell leukemia/lymphoma; and it was ELISA positive for HTLV-1/2. TREATMENT AND OUTCOME The patient had a good initial response to a CHOP scheme (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone) with filgrastim. However, the patient had a relapse and died before the second cycle. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Comorbidity could lead to the associated risk factors model. According to this model, secondary immunodeficiency caused by HTLV-1 may induce the development of verrucous carcinomas; alternatively, the disease could be due to a correlation between HTLV-1 and the human papillomavirus (HPV).
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Affiliation(s)
- Miller Valencia
- Escuela de Medicina Facultad de Salud, Universidad del Valle Cali, Colombia,Hospital Universitario del Valle "Evaristo Garcia" Cali, Colombia
| | - Luis Moreno
- Escuela de Medicina Facultad de Salud, Universidad del Valle Cali, Colombia,Hospital Universitario del Valle "Evaristo Garcia" Cali, Colombia
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Rodríguez-Zúñiga MJM, Cortez-Franco F, Qujiano-Gomero E. Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma in a Peruvian hospital in human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) positive patients. Int J Dermatol 2017; 56:503-509. [DOI: 10.1111/ijd.13567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Milton José Max Rodríguez-Zúñiga
- Dermatology Department; Hospital Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrion; Callao Peru
- Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos; Lima Peru
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Mercadal S, Sureda A, González-Barca E. Update on diagnosis and treatment of adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma. Med Clin (Barc) 2017; 148:176-180. [PMID: 27914673 DOI: 10.1016/j.medcli.2016.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Mercadal
- Unitat Funcional de Limfomes, Servei d'Hematologia, Institut Català d'Oncologia, Hospital Duran i Reynals, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, España.
| | - Anna Sureda
- Unitat Funcional de Limfomes, Servei d'Hematologia, Institut Català d'Oncologia, Hospital Duran i Reynals, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, España
| | - Eva González-Barca
- Unitat Funcional de Limfomes, Servei d'Hematologia, Institut Català d'Oncologia, Hospital Duran i Reynals, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, España
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Singh N, Gandhi J, Agrawal N, Panaych A, Tejwani N, Mehta A. Diagnostic Dilemma in the Morphological Detection of Flower Cells in Lymphomas. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2017; 33:614-616. [PMID: 29075079 DOI: 10.1007/s12288-017-0782-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
"Flower cells" are described typically in HTLV-1 induced adult T cell leukemia. Very few case reports have been published documenting flower cells in B cell lymphomas. We herein present a case of Burkitt lymphoma proven on the basis of immunophenotyping and FISH studies, with "flower cells" morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Singh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Center, Rohini, Delhi India
| | - Jatin Gandhi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Center, Rohini, Delhi India
| | - Narendra Agrawal
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Center, Rohini, Delhi India
| | - Ajit Panaych
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Center, Rohini, Delhi India
| | - Narender Tejwani
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Center, Rohini, Delhi India
| | - Anurag Mehta
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Center, Rohini, Delhi India
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