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Coop A, Clark A, Morgan J, Reid F, Lacey JH. The use and misuse of the SCOFF screening measure over two decades: a systematic literature review. Eat Weight Disord 2024; 29:29. [PMID: 38652332 PMCID: PMC11039549 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-024-01656-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The SCOFF questionnaire was designed as a simple, memorable screening tool to raise suspicion that a person might have an eating disorder. It is over 20 years since the creation of the SCOFF, during which time it has been widely used. Considering this, we wish to review the use of the SCOFF in peer-reviewed scientific journals, and to assess whether it is being used appropriately in the manner in which it was originally devised and tested. METHODS The Preferred Reporting Items for a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines were followed, and all search strategies and methods were determined before the onset of the study. PubMed and Wiley Online Library were searched using the terms SCOFF and eating. Two reviewers were involved in the reviewing process. Criteria for appropriate use of the SCOFF were formalised with the tool's original authors. RESULTS 180 articles were included in the final review. 48 articles had used the SCOFF appropriately, 117 articles inappropriately and 15 articles had been mixed in the appropriateness of their use. CONCLUSION This systematic review highlights the inappropriate use of the SCOFF in diverse languages and settings. When used correctly the SCOFF has made a significant contribution to the understanding of eating disorders and its simplicity has been applauded and led to widespread use. However in over two-thirds of studies, the use of the SCOFF was inappropriate and the paper highlights how and in what way it was misused, Guidelines for the appropriate use of the SCOFF are stated. Future validation and avenues of research are suggested. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Coop
- Schoen Clinic Newbridge, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - John Morgan
- St George's, University of London, London, UK
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Bachir Y, El-Hachem C, Richa S, Bou Khalil R. The risk of eating disorders following the August 4th, 2020 explosion in Beirut and its relationship with trauma exposure and PTSD symptoms. Asian J Psychiatr 2023; 89:103749. [PMID: 37639769 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2023.103749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To date, no study has demonstrated the link between the diagnosis of provisional PTSD and ED in people exposed to the explosion of August 4th, 2020. METHODS Online participants were classified into 4 categories according to the degree of exposure to the explosion (unexposed, slightly exposed, moderately exposed, and severely exposed). The screening for ED was done using the standardized SCOFF questionnaire and the screening for provisional PTSD using the standardized IES-R questionnaire. RESULTS Our sample included 703 participants. In the bivariate analysis, there was a trend for an association between degree of exposure to the explosion and the risk of development of an ED (p = 0.055). The independent variables included in the multivariate analysis that were statistically associated with a risk of developing eating disorders are secondary school as the highest level of education (p = 0.029; OR = 2.15) and the risk of PTSD (p = 0.041; OR = 2.05) according to IES-R, specifically hyperarousal (p = 0.028; OR = 1.07) as a symptom cluster. Provisional PTSD played a mediating role, creating a partial and indirect relationship between the degree of exposure to the explosion and the risk of developing ED with a β coefficient of 0.075 (p < 0.001) CONCLUSION: The risk of PTSD according to IES-R was found to be a determinant of a higher risk of developing ED among participants exposed to the explosion in addition to mediating between the effect of exposure severity and the risk of ED. It is essential to fully assess and manage PTSD symptoms and ED patients exposed to such a psychological trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yara Bachir
- Department of Psychiatry at Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Charline El-Hachem
- Department of Psychiatry at Hotel Dieu de France Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon; Department of Psychiatry at Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sami Richa
- Department of Psychiatry at Hotel Dieu de France Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon; Department of Psychiatry at Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rami Bou Khalil
- Department of Psychiatry at Hotel Dieu de France Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon; Department of Psychiatry at Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon.
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Albaladejo L, Périnet-Marquet P, Buis C, Lablanche S, Iceta S, Arnol N, Logerot S, Borel JC, Bétry C. High prevalence with no gender difference of likely eating disorders in type 1 mellitus diabetes on insulin pump. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2023; 199:110630. [PMID: 36934794 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2023.110630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of likely eating disorders and insulin misuse in a prospective cohort of adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) treated with insulin pump therapy. METHODS This prospective study was held at the participants' home. The participants completed the SCOFF questionnaire as well as a question related to insulin misuse. Information about lifestyle, medical history, insulin pump and Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) data were collected. RESULTS The analysis covered 198 participants with a median age of 51 [95% CI 38; 62] years. The prevalence of likely eating disorders was 21.7% (95% CI 16.3; 28.2) in the study population and 20.6% (95% CI 14.3; 28.6) and 24.2% (95% CI 14.6; 37.0) in males and females respectively. The prevalence of insulin misuse was 39.0% (95% CI 30.8; 47.7). There was no significant difference in prevalence between males and females for likely eating disorders and insulin misuse. The analysis of CGM data revealed no factors related to glycaemic control associated with likely eating disorders. CONCLUSION The results of this study indicate that the prevalence of likely eating disorders is high even in a middle-aged population with a T1DM and satisfactory glucose control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Albaladejo
- Remedee Labs, 99 chemin de l'étoile, 38330 Montbonnot St Martin, France; Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, UMR 5525, VetAgro Sup, Grenoble INP, TIMC, MESP, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Claire Buis
- Adult Psychiatry Department, CHU de Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Sandrine Lablanche
- Department of Endocrinology, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Sylvain Iceta
- Research Center of the Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Québec, QC, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Nathalie Arnol
- AGIR à dom, 36 chemin du Vieux Chêne, 38240 Meylan, France
| | - Sophie Logerot
- AGIR à dom, 36 chemin du Vieux Chêne, 38240 Meylan, France
| | | | - Cécile Bétry
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, UMR 5525, VetAgro Sup, Grenoble INP, CHU Grenoble Alpes, TIMC, 38000 Grenoble, France.
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Figueiredo N, Kose J, Srour B, Julia C, Kesse-Guyot E, Péneau S, Allès B, Paz Graniel I, Chazelas E, Deschasaux-Tanguy M, Debras C, Hercberg S, Galan P, Monteiro CA, Touvier M, Andreeva VA. Ultra-processed food intake and eating disorders: Cross-sectional associations among French adults. J Behav Addict 2022; 11:588-599. [PMID: 35380986 PMCID: PMC9295249 DOI: 10.1556/2006.2022.00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Data regarding the association between ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and eating disorders (ED) are scarce. Our aim was to investigate whether UPF intake was associated with different ED types in a large population-based study. Methods 43,993 participants (mean age = 51.0 years; 76.1% women) of the French NutriNet-Santé web-cohort who were screened for ED in 2014 via the Sick-Control-One stone-Fat-Food (SCOFF) questionnaire, were included in the analysis. The clinical algorithm Expali TM tool was used to identify four ED types: restrictive, bulimic, binge eating, and other (not otherwise specified). Mean dietary intake was evaluated from at least 2 self-administered 24-h dietary records (2013-2015); categorization of food as ultra-processed or not relied on the NOVA classification. The associations between UPF intake (as percent and reflecting mean daily UPF quantity (g/d) within the dietary intake, %UPF) and ED types were evaluated using polytomous logistic regression models. Results 5,967 participants (13.6%) were categorized as likely ED (restrictive n = 444; bulimic n = 1,575; binge eating n = 3,124; other ED n = 824). The fully-adjusted analyses revealed a positive association between UPF intake and bulimic, binge eating, and other ED: ED risk (odds ratio, OR) for an absolute 10-percentage point incremental increase in %UPF intake were 1.08 (1.01-1.14; P = 0.02), 1.21 (1.16-1.26; P < 0.0001), and 1.11 (1.02-1.20; P = 0.02), respectively. No significant association was detected for restrictive ED. Discussion and Conclusion This study revealed an association of UPF intake with different ED types among French adults. Future research is needed to elucidate the direction of the observed associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Figueiredo
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Group (EREN), Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153/INRAE U1125/CNAM, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center (CRESS) – University of Paris, Bobigny, France
- Health Services Research Group (RESHAPE), INSERM U1290, Claude Bernard University - Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Junko Kose
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Group (EREN), Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153/INRAE U1125/CNAM, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center (CRESS) – University of Paris, Bobigny, France
| | - Bernard Srour
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Group (EREN), Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153/INRAE U1125/CNAM, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center (CRESS) – University of Paris, Bobigny, France
- National Nutrition and Cancer Research Network (NACRE), Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Chantal Julia
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Group (EREN), Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153/INRAE U1125/CNAM, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center (CRESS) – University of Paris, Bobigny, France
- Department of Public Health, AP-HP Paris Seine-Saint-Denis Hospital System, Bobigny, France
| | - Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Group (EREN), Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153/INRAE U1125/CNAM, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center (CRESS) – University of Paris, Bobigny, France
- National Nutrition and Cancer Research Network (NACRE), Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Sandrine Péneau
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Group (EREN), Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153/INRAE U1125/CNAM, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center (CRESS) – University of Paris, Bobigny, France
| | - Benjamin Allès
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Group (EREN), Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153/INRAE U1125/CNAM, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center (CRESS) – University of Paris, Bobigny, France
| | - Indira Paz Graniel
- Human Nutrition Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Eloi Chazelas
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Group (EREN), Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153/INRAE U1125/CNAM, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center (CRESS) – University of Paris, Bobigny, France
- National Nutrition and Cancer Research Network (NACRE), Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Mélanie Deschasaux-Tanguy
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Group (EREN), Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153/INRAE U1125/CNAM, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center (CRESS) – University of Paris, Bobigny, France
- National Nutrition and Cancer Research Network (NACRE), Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Charlotte Debras
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Group (EREN), Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153/INRAE U1125/CNAM, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center (CRESS) – University of Paris, Bobigny, France
- National Nutrition and Cancer Research Network (NACRE), Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Serge Hercberg
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Group (EREN), Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153/INRAE U1125/CNAM, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center (CRESS) – University of Paris, Bobigny, France
- National Nutrition and Cancer Research Network (NACRE), Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Department of Public Health, AP-HP Paris Seine-Saint-Denis Hospital System, Bobigny, France
| | - Pilar Galan
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Group (EREN), Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153/INRAE U1125/CNAM, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center (CRESS) – University of Paris, Bobigny, France
- National Nutrition and Cancer Research Network (NACRE), Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Carlos A. Monteiro
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mathilde Touvier
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Group (EREN), Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153/INRAE U1125/CNAM, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center (CRESS) – University of Paris, Bobigny, France
- National Nutrition and Cancer Research Network (NACRE), Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Valentina A. Andreeva
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Group (EREN), Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153/INRAE U1125/CNAM, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center (CRESS) – University of Paris, Bobigny, France
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Robert M, Shankland R, Andreeva VA, Deschasaux-Tanguy M, Kesse-Guyot E, Bellicha A, Leys C, Hercberg S, Touvier M, Péneau S. Resilience Is Associated with Less Eating Disorder Symptoms in the NutriNet-Santé Cohort Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031471. [PMID: 35162494 PMCID: PMC8834745 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Resilience is a positive psychological trait associated with a lower risk of some physical and mental chronic diseases and could be an important protective factor against eating disorders (EDs). The aim of this study was to assess cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between resilience and ED in a large cohort of French adults. In 2017, a total of 25,000 adults from the NutriNet-Santé cohort completed the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS). ED symptoms were measured in 2017 and 2020, with the Sick-Control-One-Fat-Food (SCOFF) questionnaire. Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between resilience and EDs were analyzed using logistic regression, controlling for sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics. Cross-sectional analyses showed that more resilient participants exhibited EDs less frequently than did less resilient participants (p < 0.0001). Longitudinal analyses showed that, during the three years of follow up, higher resilience was negatively associated with incident EDs (OR: 0.67, 95%CI: 0.61–0.74), persistent EDs (0.46 (0.42–0.51)), and intermittent EDs (0.66 (0.62–0.71)), compared with no ED. More resilient participants were also less likely to have a persistent ED than to recover from EDs (0.73 (0.65–0.82)). This study showed that resilience was associated with less ED symptoms and a higher chance of recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaux Robert
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm U1153, Inrae U1125, Cnam, Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Statistiques–Université de Paris (CRESS), 93017 Bobigny, France; (V.A.A.); (M.D.-T.); (E.K.-G.); (A.B.); (S.H.); (M.T.); (S.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-(0)1-4838-7378
| | - Rebecca Shankland
- Laboratoire DIPHE (Développement, Individu, Processus, Handicap, Education), Université Lumière Lyon 2, 69000 Lyon, France;
| | - Valentina A. Andreeva
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm U1153, Inrae U1125, Cnam, Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Statistiques–Université de Paris (CRESS), 93017 Bobigny, France; (V.A.A.); (M.D.-T.); (E.K.-G.); (A.B.); (S.H.); (M.T.); (S.P.)
| | - Mélanie Deschasaux-Tanguy
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm U1153, Inrae U1125, Cnam, Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Statistiques–Université de Paris (CRESS), 93017 Bobigny, France; (V.A.A.); (M.D.-T.); (E.K.-G.); (A.B.); (S.H.); (M.T.); (S.P.)
| | - Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm U1153, Inrae U1125, Cnam, Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Statistiques–Université de Paris (CRESS), 93017 Bobigny, France; (V.A.A.); (M.D.-T.); (E.K.-G.); (A.B.); (S.H.); (M.T.); (S.P.)
| | - Alice Bellicha
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm U1153, Inrae U1125, Cnam, Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Statistiques–Université de Paris (CRESS), 93017 Bobigny, France; (V.A.A.); (M.D.-T.); (E.K.-G.); (A.B.); (S.H.); (M.T.); (S.P.)
| | - Christophe Leys
- Service D’analyse des Donnees (SAD), Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1000 Bruxelles, Belgium;
| | - Serge Hercberg
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm U1153, Inrae U1125, Cnam, Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Statistiques–Université de Paris (CRESS), 93017 Bobigny, France; (V.A.A.); (M.D.-T.); (E.K.-G.); (A.B.); (S.H.); (M.T.); (S.P.)
- Département de Santé Publique, Avicenne Hospital, 97017 Bobigny, France
| | - Mathilde Touvier
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm U1153, Inrae U1125, Cnam, Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Statistiques–Université de Paris (CRESS), 93017 Bobigny, France; (V.A.A.); (M.D.-T.); (E.K.-G.); (A.B.); (S.H.); (M.T.); (S.P.)
| | - Sandrine Péneau
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm U1153, Inrae U1125, Cnam, Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Statistiques–Université de Paris (CRESS), 93017 Bobigny, France; (V.A.A.); (M.D.-T.); (E.K.-G.); (A.B.); (S.H.); (M.T.); (S.P.)
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Kose J, Paz Graniel I, Péneau S, Julia C, Hercberg S, Galan P, Touvier M, Andreeva VA. A population-based study of macronutrient intake according to mental health status with a focus on pure and comorbid anxiety and eating disorders. Eur J Nutr 2022; 61:3685-3696. [PMID: 35678893 PMCID: PMC9178539 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-02923-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Eating disorders (ED) and anxiety impact food choices. In addition, comorbid anxiety seems to increase ED symptoms and severity. However, the association between such comorbidity and dietary intake is unknown. This population-based, cross-sectional study aimed to assess macronutrient intake according to mental health status (i.e., no disorder, pure and comorbid anxiety and ED). METHODS The study included N = 24,771 participants (74% female, mean age = 53.2 ± 13.7 years) in the NutriNet-Santé cohort, who completed once the trait subscale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-T; high anxiety: ≥ 40 points) between 2013 and 2016 and the SCOFF questionnaire screening for ED in 2014. The Expali algorithm was applied to categorize ED (no ED; restrictive: RS; bulimic: BL; hyperphagic: HP; other ED). Participants were divided into ten groups by crossing their anxiety status (two groups: low or high) and their ED status (five groups). Macronutrient intakes were evaluated from ≥ 3 24-h dietary records. Analyses of covariance (ANCOVA) and Dunnett-Hsu tests (reference = no disorder) were performed. RESULTS Significant differences in macronutrient intake were seen between the pure and comorbid forms, especially for RS and HP. Compared to the "no disorder" group, a significantly higher percentage of energy from carbohydrates, higher intakes of total carbohydrates, simple sugars, and plant-based protein, lower intakes of total fat, saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, and cholesterol were observed in the comorbid anxiety + RS group, but not in the pure RS group. In contrast, significantly lower intakes of added sugar and plant-based protein, and a higher intake of cholesterol were observed in the pure HP group, but not in the comorbid anxiety + HP group. For BL and other ED, similar results were observed between the pure and comorbid forms. CONCLUSION This large epidemiological study provided some support for differences in macronutrient intake between individuals with pure or comorbid anxiety and ED. Differences in intake were largely dependent on ED type. Future prospective studies and studies using clinically defined anxiety and ED are needed to elucidate causality as well as potential effect modification of the observed associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junko Kose
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Unit, Équipe de Recherche en Épidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153/INRAE U1125/CNAM, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center (CRESS), University of Paris, SMBH, 74 Rue Marcel Cachin, 93017 Bobigny, France
| | - Indira Paz Graniel
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain ,Pere Virgili Institute for Health Research (IISPV), Reus, Spain ,CIBER Physiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandrine Péneau
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Unit, Équipe de Recherche en Épidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153/INRAE U1125/CNAM, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center (CRESS), University of Paris, SMBH, 74 Rue Marcel Cachin, 93017 Bobigny, France
| | - Chantal Julia
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Unit, Équipe de Recherche en Épidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153/INRAE U1125/CNAM, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center (CRESS), University of Paris, SMBH, 74 Rue Marcel Cachin, 93017 Bobigny, France ,Department of Public Health, AP-HP Paris Seine-Saint-Denis Hospital System, Bobigny, France
| | - Serge Hercberg
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Unit, Équipe de Recherche en Épidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153/INRAE U1125/CNAM, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center (CRESS), University of Paris, SMBH, 74 Rue Marcel Cachin, 93017 Bobigny, France ,Department of Public Health, AP-HP Paris Seine-Saint-Denis Hospital System, Bobigny, France
| | - Pilar Galan
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Unit, Équipe de Recherche en Épidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153/INRAE U1125/CNAM, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center (CRESS), University of Paris, SMBH, 74 Rue Marcel Cachin, 93017 Bobigny, France
| | - Mathilde Touvier
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Unit, Équipe de Recherche en Épidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153/INRAE U1125/CNAM, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center (CRESS), University of Paris, SMBH, 74 Rue Marcel Cachin, 93017 Bobigny, France
| | - Valentina A. Andreeva
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Unit, Équipe de Recherche en Épidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153/INRAE U1125/CNAM, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center (CRESS), University of Paris, SMBH, 74 Rue Marcel Cachin, 93017 Bobigny, France
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Ali AM, Hori H, Kim Y, Kunugi H. Predictors of Nutritional Status, Depression, Internet Addiction, Facebook Addiction, and Tobacco Smoking Among Women With Eating Disorders in Spain. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:735109. [PMID: 34899416 PMCID: PMC8663168 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.735109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Eating disorders (EDs) are a complex group of psychiatric conditions that involve dysfunctional eating patterns, nutritional alterations, and other comorbid psychopathologies. Some women with EDs may develop problematic internet use while they attempt to get information on dieting/weight control or get online support from people with similar problems. They may also drift toward tobacco smoking as a method to regulate their weight or to cope with their weight-related dysphoria. The occurrence of these conditions in EDs may prolong disease course and impede recovery. This study used structural equation modeling to investigate nutritional status (noted by body mass index, BMI), depression psychopathology, internet addiction (depicted by the Internet Addiction Test), Facebook addiction (depicted by the Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale), and smoking among 123 Spanish women diagnosed with EDs (mean age = 27.3 ± 10.6 years). History of hospitalization, marital status, age, and the level of education predicted BMI in certain ED groups. BMI did not predict depression, but it predicted internet addiction, Facebook addiction, and smoking in certain ED groups. Depression did not predict BMI, internet/Facebook addition, or smoking in any ED group. Some sociodemographic and clinical variables had indirect effects on depression, internet addiction, and Facebook addiction while age was the only variable expressing a direct effect on all outcome measures. Age, education, and history of prolonged treatment predicted smoking in certain ED patients. The findings signify that a considerable target for interventional strategies addressing nutritional and addictive problems in EDs would be women with high BMI, history of hospitalization, history of prolonged treatment, who are particularly young, single, and less educated. Replication studies in larger samples, which comprise various subtypes of EDs from both genders, are warranted to define the exact interaction among the addressed variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Mohammed Ali
- Department of Behavioral Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Mental Health, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hiroaki Hori
- Department of Behavioral Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Kim
- Department of Behavioral Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kunugi
- Department of Psychiatry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
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Eating Disorders among College Students in France: Characteristics, Help-and Care-Seeking. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17165914. [PMID: 32824038 PMCID: PMC7460404 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this paper was to identify the characteristics of broader categories of eating disorders (ED) and help- and care-seeking among college students. An online cross-sectional study was conducted among students of the University of Rouen-Normandy, France. The Expali-validated algorithmic tool, combining SCOFF test (Sick, Control, One stone, Fat, Food) and body mass index, was used to screen eating disorders into three diagnostic categories: restrictive eating disorders, bulimic eating disorders, and hyperphagic eating disorders. A total of 1493 college students were included; mean age was 20.1 years (SD = 1.9). The prevalence of likely cases of eating disorder was 24.8% (95% CI, 22.6-27.0). Percentage distributions of bulimic eating disorders, hyperphagic eating disorders, and restrictive eating disorders were 13.3%, 8.6%, and 2.9%, respectively. The two main resources for help-seeking in emotional stress situations were friends and family, whatever the ED. Students with eating disorders consulted their general practitioner more often for stress or anxiety than students without eating disorders: hyperphagic eating disorders (44.9%), restrictive eating disorders (35.1%), bulimic eating disorders (30.2%), and no eating disorder (20.4%) (p < 0.0001). The prevalence of healthcare renunciation was 21.9%, with a higher risk among students with bulimic eating disorders (AOR CI 95% 1.91 (1.34-2.72). The findings show one quarter of students screened positive for an eating disorder. Stress management was not necessarily different between students with eating disorders and students without eating disorders, but the former had a greater risk of renouncing treatment, especially related to a fear of seeing a general practitioner.
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9
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Matsumoto A, Rodgers RF. A review and integrated theoretical model of the development of body image and eating disorders among midlife and aging men. Clin Psychol Rev 2020; 81:101903. [PMID: 32829288 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2020.101903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Etiological models of the development of eating disorders among midlife and aging men are lacking. The present study provides a review and integration of existing theoretical frameworks and empirical data relevant to the examination of eating pathology in this population and introduces an integrated model of risk and protective factors for the development of eating disorder symptoms. Several etiological models of eating pathology that have gained some empirical support, or present relevance to this population, are briefly reviewed including sociocultural theory, objectification theory, social identity theory, positive body image and the developmental theory of embodiment, and existential and terror management theory, and finally biologically based theories. In addition, these frameworks were extended to account for developmental and gender-specific factors that may influence the development of eating disorders. An integrated model of risk and protective factors that brings together critical elements of these extended theoretical frameworks is presented, with the goal of guiding and stimulating research in this neglected group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Matsumoto
- Department of Counseling and Applied Educational Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, USA
| | - Rachel F Rodgers
- Department of Counseling and Applied Educational Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, USA; Department of Psychiatric Emergency & Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHRU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
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10
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Galmiche M, Lucas N, Déchelotte P, Deroissart C, Le Solliec MA, Rondeaux J, Azhar S, Grigioni S, Colange G, Delay J, Achamrah N, Folope V, Belmonte L, Lamarre A, Rimbert A, Saillard T, Petit A, Quillard M, Coeffier M, Gillibert A, Lambert G, Legrand R, Tavolacci MP. Plasma Peptide Concentrations and Peptide-Reactive Immunoglobulins in Patients with Eating Disorders at Inclusion in the French EDILS Cohort (Eating Disorders Inventory and Longitudinal Survey). Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12020522. [PMID: 32085628 PMCID: PMC7071399 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Eating disorders (EDs) are increasingly frequent. Their pathophysiology involves disturbance of peptide signaling and the microbiota–gut–brain axis. This study analyzed peptides and corresponding immunoglobulin (Ig) concentrations in groups of ED. In 120 patients with restrictive (R), bulimic (B), and compulsive (C) ED, the plasma concentrations of leptin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), peptide YY (PYY), and insulin were analyzed by Milliplex and those of acyl ghrelin (AG), des-acyl ghrelin (DAG), and α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) by ELISA kits. Immunoglobulin G (in response to an antigen) concentrations were analyzed by ELISA, and their affinity for the respective peptide was measured by surface plasmon resonance. The concentrations of leptin, insulin, GLP-1, and PYY were higher in C patients than in R patients. On the contrary, α-MSH, DAG, and AG concentrations were higher in R than in C patients. After adjustment for body mass index (BMI), differences among peptide concentrations were no longer different. No difference in the concentrations of the IgG was found, but the IgG concentrations were correlated with each other. Although differences of peptide concentrations exist among ED subtypes, they may be due to differences in BMI. Changes in the concentration and/or affinity of several anti-peptide IgG may contribute to the physiopathology of ED or may be related to fat mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Galmiche
- Inserm UMR1073, 76000 Rouen, France; (M.G.); (S.G.); (N.A.); (V.F.); (L.B.); (A.R.); (A.P.); (M.C.); (M.-P.T.)
- TargEDys SA, 91160 Longjumeau, France; (N.L.); (C.D.); (M.-A.L.S.); (J.R.); (S.A.); (G.L.); (R.L.)
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), University of Rouen, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Nicolas Lucas
- TargEDys SA, 91160 Longjumeau, France; (N.L.); (C.D.); (M.-A.L.S.); (J.R.); (S.A.); (G.L.); (R.L.)
| | - Pierre Déchelotte
- Inserm UMR1073, 76000 Rouen, France; (M.G.); (S.G.); (N.A.); (V.F.); (L.B.); (A.R.); (A.P.); (M.C.); (M.-P.T.)
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), University of Rouen, 76000 Rouen, France
- Nutrition unit, University Hospital of Rouen, 76000 Rouen, France; (G.C.); (J.D.); (A.L.); (T.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +06-08-49-66-26
| | - Camille Deroissart
- TargEDys SA, 91160 Longjumeau, France; (N.L.); (C.D.); (M.-A.L.S.); (J.R.); (S.A.); (G.L.); (R.L.)
| | - Marie-Anne Le Solliec
- TargEDys SA, 91160 Longjumeau, France; (N.L.); (C.D.); (M.-A.L.S.); (J.R.); (S.A.); (G.L.); (R.L.)
| | - Julie Rondeaux
- TargEDys SA, 91160 Longjumeau, France; (N.L.); (C.D.); (M.-A.L.S.); (J.R.); (S.A.); (G.L.); (R.L.)
| | - Saida Azhar
- TargEDys SA, 91160 Longjumeau, France; (N.L.); (C.D.); (M.-A.L.S.); (J.R.); (S.A.); (G.L.); (R.L.)
| | - Sébastien Grigioni
- Inserm UMR1073, 76000 Rouen, France; (M.G.); (S.G.); (N.A.); (V.F.); (L.B.); (A.R.); (A.P.); (M.C.); (M.-P.T.)
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), University of Rouen, 76000 Rouen, France
- Nutrition unit, University Hospital of Rouen, 76000 Rouen, France; (G.C.); (J.D.); (A.L.); (T.S.)
| | - Guillaume Colange
- Nutrition unit, University Hospital of Rouen, 76000 Rouen, France; (G.C.); (J.D.); (A.L.); (T.S.)
| | - Julie Delay
- Nutrition unit, University Hospital of Rouen, 76000 Rouen, France; (G.C.); (J.D.); (A.L.); (T.S.)
| | - Najate Achamrah
- Inserm UMR1073, 76000 Rouen, France; (M.G.); (S.G.); (N.A.); (V.F.); (L.B.); (A.R.); (A.P.); (M.C.); (M.-P.T.)
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), University of Rouen, 76000 Rouen, France
- Nutrition unit, University Hospital of Rouen, 76000 Rouen, France; (G.C.); (J.D.); (A.L.); (T.S.)
| | - Vanessa Folope
- Inserm UMR1073, 76000 Rouen, France; (M.G.); (S.G.); (N.A.); (V.F.); (L.B.); (A.R.); (A.P.); (M.C.); (M.-P.T.)
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), University of Rouen, 76000 Rouen, France
- Nutrition unit, University Hospital of Rouen, 76000 Rouen, France; (G.C.); (J.D.); (A.L.); (T.S.)
| | - Liliana Belmonte
- Inserm UMR1073, 76000 Rouen, France; (M.G.); (S.G.); (N.A.); (V.F.); (L.B.); (A.R.); (A.P.); (M.C.); (M.-P.T.)
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), University of Rouen, 76000 Rouen, France
- Nutrition unit, University Hospital of Rouen, 76000 Rouen, France; (G.C.); (J.D.); (A.L.); (T.S.)
| | - Adèle Lamarre
- Nutrition unit, University Hospital of Rouen, 76000 Rouen, France; (G.C.); (J.D.); (A.L.); (T.S.)
| | - Agnès Rimbert
- Inserm UMR1073, 76000 Rouen, France; (M.G.); (S.G.); (N.A.); (V.F.); (L.B.); (A.R.); (A.P.); (M.C.); (M.-P.T.)
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), University of Rouen, 76000 Rouen, France
- Nutrition unit, University Hospital of Rouen, 76000 Rouen, France; (G.C.); (J.D.); (A.L.); (T.S.)
| | - Tiphaine Saillard
- Nutrition unit, University Hospital of Rouen, 76000 Rouen, France; (G.C.); (J.D.); (A.L.); (T.S.)
| | - André Petit
- Inserm UMR1073, 76000 Rouen, France; (M.G.); (S.G.); (N.A.); (V.F.); (L.B.); (A.R.); (A.P.); (M.C.); (M.-P.T.)
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), University of Rouen, 76000 Rouen, France
- Nutrition unit, University Hospital of Rouen, 76000 Rouen, France; (G.C.); (J.D.); (A.L.); (T.S.)
| | - Muriel Quillard
- CIC-CRB 1404 INSERM, University Hospital of Rouen, 76000 Rouen, France;
| | - Moise Coeffier
- Inserm UMR1073, 76000 Rouen, France; (M.G.); (S.G.); (N.A.); (V.F.); (L.B.); (A.R.); (A.P.); (M.C.); (M.-P.T.)
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), University of Rouen, 76000 Rouen, France
- Nutrition unit, University Hospital of Rouen, 76000 Rouen, France; (G.C.); (J.D.); (A.L.); (T.S.)
| | - André Gillibert
- Department of Biostatistics, Rouen University Hospital, F 76000 Rouen, France;
| | - Grégory Lambert
- TargEDys SA, 91160 Longjumeau, France; (N.L.); (C.D.); (M.-A.L.S.); (J.R.); (S.A.); (G.L.); (R.L.)
| | - Romain Legrand
- TargEDys SA, 91160 Longjumeau, France; (N.L.); (C.D.); (M.-A.L.S.); (J.R.); (S.A.); (G.L.); (R.L.)
| | - Marie-Pierre Tavolacci
- Inserm UMR1073, 76000 Rouen, France; (M.G.); (S.G.); (N.A.); (V.F.); (L.B.); (A.R.); (A.P.); (M.C.); (M.-P.T.)
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), University of Rouen, 76000 Rouen, France
- CIC-CRB 1404 INSERM, University Hospital of Rouen, 76000 Rouen, France;
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11
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L'Huillier C, Jarbeau M, Achamrah N, Belmonte L, Amamou A, Nobis S, Goichon A, Salameh E, Bahlouli W, do Rego JL, Déchelotte P, Coëffier M. Glutamine, but not Branched-Chain Amino Acids, Restores Intestinal Barrier Function during Activity-Based Anorexia. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11061348. [PMID: 31208031 PMCID: PMC6628073 DOI: 10.3390/nu11061348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: During activity-based anorexia (ABA) in mice, enhanced paracellular permeability and reduced protein synthesis have been shown in the colon while the gut–brain axis has received increasing attention in the regulation of intestinal and mood disorders that frequently occur during anorexia nervosa, a severe eating disorder for which there is no specific treatment. In the present study, we assessed the effects of oral glutamine (Gln) or branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) supplementation during ABA to target intestinal functions, body composition and feeding behavior. Methods: C57BL/6 male mice were randomized in Control (CTRL) and ABA groups. After ABA induction, mice received, or not, either 1% Gln or 2.5% BCAA (Leu, Ile, Val) for one week in drinking water. Results: Neither Gln nor BCAA supplementation affected body weight and body composition, while only Gln supplementation slightly increased food intake. ABA mice exhibited increased paracellular permeability and reduced protein synthesis in the colonic mucosa. Oral Gln restored colonic paracellular permeability and protein synthesis and increased the mucin-2 mRNA level, whereas BCAA did not affect colonic parameters. Conclusion: In conclusion, oral Gln specifically improves colonic response during ABA. These data should be further confirmed in AN patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément L'Huillier
- UNIROUEN, INSERM UMR 1073 "Nutrition, Inflammation and Gut-Brain Axis", Normandie University, 76183 Rouen, France.
- Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), UNIROUEN, Normandie University, 76183 Rouen, France.
| | - Marine Jarbeau
- UNIROUEN, INSERM UMR 1073 "Nutrition, Inflammation and Gut-Brain Axis", Normandie University, 76183 Rouen, France.
- Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), UNIROUEN, Normandie University, 76183 Rouen, France.
| | - Najate Achamrah
- UNIROUEN, INSERM UMR 1073 "Nutrition, Inflammation and Gut-Brain Axis", Normandie University, 76183 Rouen, France.
- Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), UNIROUEN, Normandie University, 76183 Rouen, France.
- Department of Nutrition, Rouen University Hospital, 76183 Rouen, France.
| | - Liliana Belmonte
- UNIROUEN, INSERM UMR 1073 "Nutrition, Inflammation and Gut-Brain Axis", Normandie University, 76183 Rouen, France.
- Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), UNIROUEN, Normandie University, 76183 Rouen, France.
- Department of Nutrition, Rouen University Hospital, 76183 Rouen, France.
| | - Asma Amamou
- UNIROUEN, INSERM UMR 1073 "Nutrition, Inflammation and Gut-Brain Axis", Normandie University, 76183 Rouen, France.
- Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), UNIROUEN, Normandie University, 76183 Rouen, France.
| | - Séverine Nobis
- UNIROUEN, INSERM UMR 1073 "Nutrition, Inflammation and Gut-Brain Axis", Normandie University, 76183 Rouen, France.
- Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), UNIROUEN, Normandie University, 76183 Rouen, France.
| | - Alexis Goichon
- UNIROUEN, INSERM UMR 1073 "Nutrition, Inflammation and Gut-Brain Axis", Normandie University, 76183 Rouen, France.
- Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), UNIROUEN, Normandie University, 76183 Rouen, France.
| | - Emmeline Salameh
- UNIROUEN, INSERM UMR 1073 "Nutrition, Inflammation and Gut-Brain Axis", Normandie University, 76183 Rouen, France.
- Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), UNIROUEN, Normandie University, 76183 Rouen, France.
| | - Wafa Bahlouli
- UNIROUEN, INSERM UMR 1073 "Nutrition, Inflammation and Gut-Brain Axis", Normandie University, 76183 Rouen, France.
- Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), UNIROUEN, Normandie University, 76183 Rouen, France.
| | - Jean-Luc do Rego
- Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), UNIROUEN, Normandie University, 76183 Rouen, France.
- Animal Behavior Facility, SCAC, UNIROUEN, 76183 Rouen, France.
| | - Pierre Déchelotte
- UNIROUEN, INSERM UMR 1073 "Nutrition, Inflammation and Gut-Brain Axis", Normandie University, 76183 Rouen, France.
- Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), UNIROUEN, Normandie University, 76183 Rouen, France.
- Department of Nutrition, Rouen University Hospital, 76183 Rouen, France.
| | - Moïse Coëffier
- UNIROUEN, INSERM UMR 1073 "Nutrition, Inflammation and Gut-Brain Axis", Normandie University, 76183 Rouen, France.
- Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), UNIROUEN, Normandie University, 76183 Rouen, France.
- Department of Nutrition, Rouen University Hospital, 76183 Rouen, France.
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