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Castelli L, Vasta R, Allen SP, Waller R, Chiò A, Traynor BJ, Kirby J. From use of omics to systems biology: Identifying therapeutic targets for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2024; 176:209-268. [PMID: 38802176 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a heterogeneous progressive neurodegenerative disorder with available treatments such as riluzole and edaravone extending survival by an average of 3-6 months. The lack of highly effective, widely available therapies reflects the complexity of ALS. Omics technologies, including genomics, transcriptomic and proteomics have contributed to the identification of biological pathways dysregulated and targeted by therapeutic strategies in preclinical and clinical trials. Integrating clinical, environmental and neuroimaging information with omics data and applying a systems biology approach can further improve our understanding of the disease with the potential to stratify patients and provide more personalised medicine. This chapter will review the omics technologies that contribute to a systems biology approach and how these components have assisted in identifying therapeutic targets. Current strategies, including the use of genetic screening and biosampling in clinical trials, as well as the future application of additional technological advances, will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Castelli
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Neuroscience Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Rosario Vasta
- ALS Expert Center,'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; Neuromuscular Diseases Research Section, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Scott P Allen
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Neuroscience Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel Waller
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Neuroscience Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Adriano Chiò
- ALS Expert Center,'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; Neurology 1, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Bryan J Traynor
- Neuromuscular Diseases Research Section, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States; RNA Therapeutics Laboratory, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Rockville, MD, United States; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, United States; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, United States; Reta Lila Weston Institute, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology,University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Janine Kirby
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Neuroscience Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
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Abstract
Although the past two decades have produced exciting discoveries in the genetics and pathology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), progress in developing an effective therapy remains slow. This review summarizes the critical discoveries and outlines the advances in disease characterization, diagnosis, imaging, and biomarkers, along with the current status of approaches to ALS care and treatment. Additional knowledge of the factors driving disease progression and heterogeneity will hopefully soon transform the care for patients with ALS into an individualized, multi-prong approach able to prevent disease progression sufficiently to allow for a dignified life with limited disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hristelina Ilieva
- Jefferson Weinberg ALS Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Justin Kwan
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Zhu Q, Zhou J, Zhang Y, Huang H, Han J, Cao B, Xu D, Zhao Y, Chen G. Risk factors associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis based on the observational study: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1196722. [PMID: 37284659 PMCID: PMC10239956 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1196722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder affecting the upper and lower motor neurons. Though the pathogenesis of ALS is still unclear, exploring the associations between risk factors and ALS can provide reliable evidence to find the pathogenesis. This meta-analysis aims to synthesize all related risk factors of ALS to understand this disease comprehensively. Methods We searched the following databases: PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane library, Web of Science, and Scopus. Moreover, observational studies, including cohort studies, and case-control studies, were included in this meta-analysis. Results A total of 36 eligible observational studies were included, and 10 of them were cohort studies and the rest were case-control studies. We found six factors exacerbated the progression of disease: head trauma (OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.13, 1.40), physical activity (OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.04, 1.09), electric shock (OR = 2.72, 95% CI = 1.62, 4.56), military service (OR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.11, 1.61), pesticides (OR = 1.96, 95% CI = 1.7, 2.26), and lead exposure (OR = 2.31, 95% CI = 1.44, 3.71). Of note, type 2 diabetes mellitus was a protective factor for ALS. However, cerebrovascular disease (OR = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.75, 1.29), agriculture (OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 0.74, 1.99), industry (OR = 1.24, 95% CI = 0.81, 1.91), service (OR = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.19, 1.17), smoking (OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 0.5, 3.09), chemicals (OR = 2.45, 95% CI = 0.89, 6.77), and heavy metal (OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 0.47, 4.84) were not risk factors for ALS based on meta-analyses. Conclusions Head trauma, physical activity, electric shock, military service, pesticides, and lead were risk factors for ALS onset and progression. But DM was a protective factor. This finding provides a better understanding of ALS risk factors with strong evidence for clinicians to rationalize clinical intervention strategies. INPLSY registration number https://inplasy.com/inplasy-2022-9-0118/, INPLASY202290118.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaochu Zhu
- Department of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Tuina and Rehabilitation Medicine, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Department of Tuina and Rehabilitation Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Department of Tuina and Rehabilitation Medicine, Hubei Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yijie Zhang
- School of Sports Medicine, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hai Huang
- Department of Tuina and Rehabilitation Medicine, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Department of Tuina and Rehabilitation Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Department of Tuina and Rehabilitation Medicine, Hubei Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Han
- Department of Tuina and Rehabilitation Medicine, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Department of Tuina and Rehabilitation Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Department of Tuina and Rehabilitation Medicine, Hubei Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Biwei Cao
- Department of Tuina and Rehabilitation Medicine, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Department of Tuina and Rehabilitation Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Department of Tuina and Rehabilitation Medicine, Hubei Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Dandan Xu
- Department of Tuina and Rehabilitation Medicine, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Department of Tuina and Rehabilitation Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Department of Tuina and Rehabilitation Medicine, Hubei Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Tuina and Rehabilitation Medicine, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Department of Tuina and Rehabilitation Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Department of Tuina and Rehabilitation Medicine, Hubei Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Tuina and Rehabilitation Medicine, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Department of Tuina and Rehabilitation Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Department of Tuina and Rehabilitation Medicine, Hubei Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
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Weisskopf MG, Levy J, Dickerson AS, Paganoni S, Leventer-Roberts M. Statin Medications and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Incidence and Mortality. Am J Epidemiol 2022; 191:1248-1257. [PMID: 35333291 PMCID: PMC9393061 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwac054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies of statins and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) incidence and survival have had conflicting findings possibly related to difficulties with confounding by indication. We considered potency of statins used and duration of use to explore confounding by indication. Within the Clalit Health Services in Israel, we identified 948 ALS case patients from 2004 through 2017 and matched them with 1,000 control subjects each. Any statin use up to 3 years before ALS onset was not associated with ALS incidence but was associated with a reduced hazard ratio (HR) for death. Odds of ALS did not vary by statin potency, but use of only lower-potency statins was associated with longer survival (HR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.68, 0.98), whereas the association with higher-potency statins was null compared with those case patients who did not use statins. However, duration of statin use appeared to account for these findings. Those who used statins only up to 3 years had longer survival (HR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.61, 0.96) than did case patients who did not use statins, but those who used statins for >3 years did not. Although other explanations are possible, these findings could suggest a protective effect of statins on ALS survival that is partially masked by a worse prognosis from underlying reasons for taking statins that deserves further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc G Weisskopf
- Correspondence to Marc Weisskopf, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue Building 1, Suite 1402, Boston, MA 02115 (e-mail: )
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Su WM, Gu XJ, Duan QQ, Jiang Z, Gao X, Shang HF, Chen YP. Genetic factors for survival in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: an integrated approach combining a systematic review, pairwise and network meta-analysis. BMC Med 2022; 20:209. [PMID: 35754054 PMCID: PMC9235235 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-022-02411-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The time of survival in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) varies greatly, and the genetic factors that contribute to the survival of ALS are not well studied. There is a lack of a comprehensive study to elucidate the role of genetic factors in the survival of ALS. METHODS The published studies were systematically searched and obtained from PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library without any language restrictions from inception to Oct 27, 2021. A network meta-analysis for ALS causative/risk genes and a systematic review and pairwise meta-analysis for other genetic modifiers were conducted. The PROSPERO registration number: CRD42022311646. RESULTS A total of 29,764 potentially relevant references were identified, and 71 papers were eligible for analysis based on pre-decided criteria, including 35 articles in network meta-analysis for 9 ALS causative/risk genes, 17 articles in pairwise meta-analysis for four genetic modifiers, and 19 articles described in the systematic review. Variants in three genes, including ATXN2 (HR: 3.6), C9orf72 (HR: 1.6), and FUS (HR:1.8), were associated with short survival of ALS, but such association was not identified in SOD1, TARDBP, TBK1, NEK1, UBQLN2, and CCNF. In addition, UNC13A rs12608932 CC genotype and ZNF521B rs2275294 C allele also caused a shorter survival of ALS; however, APOE ε4 allele and KIFAP3 rs1541160 did not be found to have any effect on the survival of ALS. CONCLUSIONS Our study summarized and contrasted evidence for prognostic genetic factors in ALS and would help to understand ALS pathogenesis and guide clinical trials and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ming Su
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Lab of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Institute of Inflammation and Immunology (III), Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Centre for Rare Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Gu
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Lab of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Institute of Inflammation and Immunology (III), Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Centre for Rare Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Qing-Qing Duan
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Lab of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Institute of Inflammation and Immunology (III), Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Centre for Rare Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Zheng Jiang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Lab of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Institute of Inflammation and Immunology (III), Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Centre for Rare Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xia Gao
- Department of Geriatrics, Dazhou Central Hospital, Dazhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Hui-Fang Shang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Lab of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Institute of Inflammation and Immunology (III), Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Centre for Rare Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yong-Ping Chen
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China. .,Lab of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Institute of Inflammation and Immunology (III), Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China. .,Centre for Rare Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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No association between GSTM1 and GSTT1 deletion polymorphisms and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: a genetic study in Brazilian patients. Meta Gene 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2021.100979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Epidemiology and factors predicting survival of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in a large Chinese cohort. Chin Med J (Engl) 2021; 134:2231-2236. [PMID: 34483254 PMCID: PMC8478368 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000001679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder associated with loss of motor neurons. Our objective was to explore the epidemiology, clinical features, and survival factors of 1809 patients with ALS. METHODS We analyzed 1809 ALS patients, who were recruited from the Peking University Third Hospital from January 2005 to December 2015. Demographic data and disease-related parameters were collected. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to compare survival time. Cox proportional hazards function and the hazard ratio were used to identify adjusted prognostic predictors. RESULTS The results showed that the average annual incidence in Beijing alone was 0.38 cases/100,000 person-years and the mean age of onset was 48.88 ± 11.35 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 48.17-49.85) years. The median survival time from onset to death/tracheostomy was 58.89 ± 33.03 (95% CI: 51.46-63.84) months. In the adjusted Cox proportional hazard model, age of onset, diagnosis delay, rate of disease progression (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale Revised decline [points/month]), and body mass index all had an independent effect on survival in ALS. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides information on epidemiology, clinical features, and survival factors of patients with ALS in China. These results can be helpful in clinical practice, clinical trial design, and validation of new tools to predict disease progression.
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Abstract
Cigarette smoke (CS) has been consistently demonstrated to be an environmental risk factor for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), although the molecular pathogenic mechanisms involved are yet to be elucidated. Here, we propose different mechanisms by which CS exposure can cause sporadic ALS pathogenesis. Oxidative stress and neuroinflammation are widely implicated in ALS pathogenesis, with blood–spinal cord barrier disruption also recognised to be involved in the disease process. In addition, immunometabolic, epigenetic and microbiome alterations have been implicated in ALS recently. Identification of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms that underpin CS-associated ALS will drive future research to be conducted into new targets for treatment.
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Cucovici A, Fontana A, Ivashynka A, Russo S, Renna V, Mazzini L, Gagliardi I, Mandrioli J, Martinelli I, Lisnic V, Muresanu DF, Zarrelli M, Copetti M, Leone MA. The Impact of Lifetime Alcohol and Cigarette Smoking Loads on Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Progression: A Cross-Sectional Study. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11040352. [PMID: 33920645 PMCID: PMC8072690 DOI: 10.3390/life11040352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background—Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating and untreatable motor neuron disease; smoking and alcohol drinking may impact its progression rate. Objective—To ascertain the influence of smoking and alcohol consumption on ALS progression rates. Methods—Cross-sectional multicenter study, including 241 consecutive patients (145 males); mean age at onset was 59.9 ± 11.8 years. Cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption data were collected at recruitment through a validated questionnaire. Patients were categorized into three groups according to ΔFS (derived from the ALS Functional Rating Scale-Revised and disease duration from onset): slow (n = 81), intermediate (80), and fast progressors (80). Results—Current smokers accounted for 44 (18.3%) of the participants, former smokers accounted for 10 (4.1%), and non-smokers accounted for 187 (77.6%). The age of ALS onset was lower in current smokers than non-smokers, and the ΔFS was slightly, although not significantly, higher for smokers of >14 cigarettes/day. Current alcohol drinkers accounted for 147 (61.0%) of the participants, former drinkers accounted for 5 (2.1%), and non-drinkers accounted for 89 (36.9%). The log(ΔFS) was weakly correlated only with the duration of alcohol consumption (p = 0.028), but not with the mean number of drinks/day or the drink-years. Conclusions: This cross-sectional multicenter study suggested a possible minor role for smoking in worsening disease progression. A possible interaction with alcohol drinking was suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliona Cucovici
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy; (A.I.); (V.R.); (M.Z.)
| | - Andrea Fontana
- Unit of Biostatistics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy; (A.F.); (M.C.)
| | - Andrei Ivashynka
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy; (A.I.); (V.R.); (M.Z.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Sergio Russo
- ICT Innovation & Research Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy;
| | - Valentina Renna
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy; (A.I.); (V.R.); (M.Z.)
| | - Letizia Mazzini
- Department of Neurology and ALS Centre, University of Piemonte Orientale, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, 28100 Novara, Italy; (L.M.); (I.G.)
| | - Ileana Gagliardi
- Department of Neurology and ALS Centre, University of Piemonte Orientale, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, 28100 Novara, Italy; (L.M.); (I.G.)
| | - Jessica Mandrioli
- Neurology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, 41125 Modena, Italy; (J.M.); (I.M.)
| | - Ilaria Martinelli
- Neurology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, 41125 Modena, Italy; (J.M.); (I.M.)
| | - Vitalie Lisnic
- Department of Neurology, State University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Nicolae Testemitanu”, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova;
| | - Dafin Fior Muresanu
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania and “RoNeuro” Institute for Neurological Research and Diagnostic, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Michele Zarrelli
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy; (A.I.); (V.R.); (M.Z.)
| | - Massimiliano Copetti
- Unit of Biostatistics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy; (A.F.); (M.C.)
| | - Maurizio A. Leone
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy; (A.I.); (V.R.); (M.Z.)
- Correspondence:
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Clinical Determinants of Disease Progression in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis-A Retrospective Cohort Study. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10081623. [PMID: 33921250 PMCID: PMC8069893 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10081623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease that is ultimately fatal but characterized by substantial phenotypic heterogeneity, which is known to impact long-term course and survival. This study investigated clinical determinants of disease progression and outcome in a large cohort of patients with ALS. Methods: Retrospective analysis included comprehensive data from 625 patients who attended a tertiary ALS centre at least twice. Patients were stratified according to five distinct clinical phenotypes: classical ALS; bulbar ALS; ALS with frontotemporal dementia (ALS-FTD); upper motor neuron predominant (UMNP); and lower motor neuron predominant (LMNP). Results: This study confirmed higher age at symptom onset, shorter latency to diagnosis and more rapid decline in the revised ALS Functional Rating Scale sum score as predictors of poor prognosis. Hazard ratios for shorter survival were higher in patients with ALS-FTD versus classical ALS, and in patients with versus without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Mean survival was longest in the UMNP phenotype group. Conclusions: This study confirmed established predictors of shorter survival in ALS and showed that concomitant COPD in particular relates to poor outcome.
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Bovio F, Sciandrone B, Urani C, Fusi P, Forcella M, Regonesi ME. Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and cadmium: A three models approach to the comprehension of its neurotoxic effects. Neurotoxicology 2021; 84:125-135. [PMID: 33774064 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2021.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a widespread toxic environmental contaminant, released by anthropogenic activities. It interferes with essential metal ions homeostasis and affects protein structures and functions by substituting zinc, copper and iron. In this study, the effect of cadmium on SOD1, a CuZn metalloenzyme catalyzing superoxide conversion into hydrogen peroxide, has been investigated in three different biological models. We first evaluated the effects of cadmium combined with copper and/or zinc on the recombinant GST-SOD1, expressed in E. coli BL21. The enzyme activity and expression were investigated in the presence of fixed copper and/or zinc doses with different cadmium concentrations, in the cellular medium. Cadmium caused a dose-dependent reduction in SOD1 activity, while the expression remains constant. Similar results were obtained in the cellular model represented by the human SH-SY5Y neuronal cell line. After cadmium treatment for 24 and 48 h, SOD1 enzymatic activity decreased in a dose- and time-dependent way, while the protein expression remained constant. Finally, a 16 h cadmium treatment caused a 25 % reduction of CuZn-SOD activity without affecting the protein expression in the Caenorhabditis elegans model. Taken together our results show an inhibitory effect of cadmium on SOD1 enzymatic activity, without affecting the protein expression, in all the biological models used, suggesting that cadmium can displace zinc from the enzyme catalytic site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Bovio
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 2, 20126, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Sciandrone
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 2, 20126, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Urani
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126, Milan, Italy; Integrated Models for Prevention and Protection in Environmental and Occupational Health, (MISTRAL), Interuniversity Research Center, Italy
| | - Paola Fusi
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 2, 20126, Milan, Italy; Integrated Models for Prevention and Protection in Environmental and Occupational Health, (MISTRAL), Interuniversity Research Center, Italy.
| | - Matilde Forcella
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 2, 20126, Milan, Italy.
| | - Maria Elena Regonesi
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 2, 20126, Milan, Italy; Milan Center of Neuroscience (NeuroMI), 20126, Milan, Italy
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Barros JBDS, Santos KDF, Azevedo RM, de Oliveira RPD, Leobas ACD, Bento DDCP, Santos RDS, Reis AADS. No association of GSTP1 rs1695 polymorphism with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A case-control study in the Brazilian population. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247024. [PMID: 33606765 PMCID: PMC7894827 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a rare neurodegenerative disease that affects motor neurons and promotes progressive muscle atrophy. It has a multifactorial etiology, where environmental conditions playing a remarkable role through the increase of oxidative stress. Genetic polymorphisms in cell detoxification genes, such as Glutathione S-Transferase Pi 1 (GSTP1) can contribute to excessive oxidative stress, and therefore may be a risk factor to ALS. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the role of the GSTP1 rs1695 polymorphism in ALS susceptibility in different genetic inheritance models and evaluate the association of the genotypes with risk factors, clinical and demographic characteristics of ALS patients from the Brazilian central population. This case-control study was conducted with 101 patients with ALS and 101 healthy controls. GSTP1 rs1695 polymorphism genotyping was performed with Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The statistical analysis was carried out using the SPSS statistical package and SNPStats software. Analysis of genetic inheritance models was performed by logistic regression, which was used to determine the Odds Ratio. The results of this first study in the Brazilian population demonstrated that there was no risk association between the development of ALS and the GSTP1 rs1695 polymorphism in any genetic inheritance model (codominant, dominant, recessive, overdominant, and logarithmic); and that the polymorphic variants were not associated with the clinical and demographic characteristics of ALS patients. No association of the GSTP1 rs1695 polymorphism and ALS development in the Brazilian central population was found. These findings may be justified by the multifactorial character of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Barletto de Sousa Barros
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Kamilla de Faria Santos
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Rômulo Morais Azevedo
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Rayana Pereira Dantas de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Dourado Leobas
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Rodrigo da Silva Santos
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Angela Adamski da Silva Reis
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
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Tesauro M, Bruschi M, Filippini T, D'Alfonso S, Mazzini L, Corrado L, Consonni M, Vinceti M, Fusi P, Urani C. Metal(loid)s role in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Environmental, epidemiological, and genetic data. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 192:110292. [PMID: 33027627 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder of the motor system. The etiology is still unknown and the pathogenesis remains unclear. ALS is familial in the 10% of cases with a Mendelian pattern of inheritance. In the remaining sporadic cases, a multifactorial origin is supposed in which several predisposing genes interact with environmental factors. The etiological role of environmental factors, such as pesticides, exposure to electromagnetic fields, and metals has been frequently investigated, with controversial findings. Studies in the past two decades have highlighted possible roles of metals, and ionic homeostasis dysregulation has been proposed as the main trigger to motor-neuron degeneration. This study aims at evaluating the possible role of environmental factors in etiopathogenesis of ALS, with a particular attention on metal contamination, focusing on the industrial Briga area in the province of Novara (Piedmont region, North Italy), characterized by: i) a higher incidence of sporadic ALS (sALS) in comparison with the entire province, and ii) the reported environmental pollution. Environmental data from surface, ground and discharge waters, and from soils were collected and specifically analyzed for metal content. Considering the significance of genetic mechanisms in ALS, a characterization for the main ALS genes has been performed to evaluate the genetic contribution for the sALS patients living in the area of study. The main findings of this study are the demonstration that in the Briga area the most common metal contaminants are Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni (widely used in tip-plating processes), that are above law limits in surface waters, discharge waters, and soil. In addition, other metals and metalloids, such as Cd, Pb, Mn, and As show a severe contamination in the same area. Results of genetic analyses show that sALS patients in the Briga area do not carry recurrent mutations or an excess of mutations in the four main ALS causative genes (SOD1, TARDBP, FUS, C9ORF72) and for ATXN2 CAG repeat locus. This study supports the hypothesis that the higher incidence of sALS in Briga area may be related to environmental metal(loid)s contamination, along with other environmental factors. Further studies, implementing analysis of genetic polymorphisms, as well as investigation with long term follow-up, may yield to key aspects into the etiology of ALS. The interplay between different approaches (environmental, chemical, epidemiological, genetic) of our work provides new insights and methodology to the comprehension of the disease etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Tesauro
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Via C. Pascal, 36, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Maurizio Bruschi
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano - Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Tommaso Filippini
- CREAGEN-Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi, 287, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Sandra D'Alfonso
- Department of Health Sciences, CAAD, UPO University, Via Solaroli, 17, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Letizia Mazzini
- ALS Centre Department of Neurology, Maggiore della Carità University Hospital, Corso Mazzini, 18, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Lucia Corrado
- Department of Health Sciences, CAAD, UPO University, Via Solaroli, 17, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Michela Consonni
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Via C. Pascal, 36, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Vinceti
- CREAGEN-Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi, 287, 41125, Modena, Italy; Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, 715 Albany Street, MA 02118, USA
| | - Paola Fusi
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 2, 20126, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Urani
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano - Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 1, 20133, Milan, Italy.
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Vasta R, Torrieri MC, D'Ovidio F, Circiello A, De Mattei F, Manera U, Canosa A, Calvo A, Chiò A, Moglia C. Neck flexor weakness at diagnosis predicts respiratory impairment in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Eur J Neurol 2020; 28:1181-1187. [PMID: 33314477 DOI: 10.1111/ene.14676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The purpose was to assess the prognostic role of neck muscle weakness at diagnosis in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients with respect to survival and respiratory impairment. METHODS A retrospective cohort study was conducted. All ALS patients seen in the Turin ALS Centre from 2007 to 2014 were included. Muscle strength at diagnosis was evaluated using the Medical Research Council (MRC) scale. Survival was considered as the time from diagnosis to death or tracheostomy; time to respiratory impairment was considered as the interval from diagnosis to the first event amongst an ALS Functional Rating Scale revised item 10 <4, forced vital capacity <70%, start of non-invasive ventilation or tracheostomy. Time from diagnosis to dysarthria, dysphagia and walking impairment were considered as secondary outcomes. Cox proportional hazard regression models adjusted for sex, age at diagnosis, diagnostic delay, onset site, genetics status and the MRC scores of other muscle groups were used to assess the prognostic role of neck muscles. RESULTS A total of 370 patients were included in the study. Fifty-nine (15.9%) patients showed neck flexor weakness at diagnosis; MRC values were mostly in agreement for neck extensors. Neck flexors were the only muscles able to predict survival (hazard ratio 0.49, 95% confidence interval 0.28-0.86; p = 0.01). Furthermore, neck flexor normal strength decreased the risk of respiratory impairment (hazard ratio 0.46, 95% confidence interval 0.22-0.96; p = 0.04) but did not influence any secondary outcomes. DISCUSSION Neck flexor weakness at diagnosis predicts survival and respiratory impairment in ALS. This result could be valuable for both planning of patients' interventions and clinical trials' design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Vasta
- ALS Centre, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Maria Claudia Torrieri
- ALS Centre, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Fabrizio D'Ovidio
- ALS Centre, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Alberta Circiello
- ALS Centre, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Filippo De Mattei
- ALS Centre, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Umberto Manera
- ALS Centre, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Antonio Canosa
- ALS Centre, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,Neurology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Calvo
- ALS Centre, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,Neurology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Adriano Chiò
- ALS Centre, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,Neurology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Cristina Moglia
- ALS Centre, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,Neurology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
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Gotkine M, Kviatcovsky D, Elinav E. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and intestinal microbiota-toward establishing cause and effect. Gut Microbes 2020; 11:1833-1841. [PMID: 32501768 PMCID: PMC7524331 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2020.1767464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota may be involved, through metabolic gut-brain interactions, in a variety of neurological conditions. In this addendum, we summarize the findings of our recent study investigating the potentially modulatory influence of the microbiome in a transgenic ALS mouse model, and the possible application to human disease. We found that transgenic mice show evidence of dysbiosis, even at the pre-symptomatic stage, and have a more severe disease course under germ-free conditions or after receiving broad-spectrum antibiotics. We demonstrated that Akkermansia muciniphila ameliorated the disease in mice and that this may be due to the production of nicotinamide. We then conducted a preliminary study in human ALS and identified functionally similar alterations within the metagenome. Furthermore, we found that patients with ALS had lower systemic and CSF levels of nicotinamide, suggesting that the changes observed in the mouse model may be relevant to human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Gotkine
- Neuromuscular/EMG Service and ALS/Motor Neuron Disease Clinic, Department of Neurology, The Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel,CONTACT Marc Gotkine Neuromuscular/EMG Service and ALS/Motor Neuron Disease Clinic, Hadassah - Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem9112001, Israel
| | | | - Eran Elinav
- Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel,Division of Cancer-Microbiome Research, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
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16
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McCombe PA, Garton FC, Katz M, Wray NR, Henderson RD. What do we know about the variability in survival of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis? Expert Rev Neurother 2020; 20:921-941. [PMID: 32569484 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2020.1785873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION ALS is a fatal neurodegenerative disease. However, patients show variability in the length of survival after symptom onset. Understanding the mechanisms of long survival could lead to possible avenues for therapy. AREAS COVERED This review surveys the reported length of survival in ALS, the clinical features that predict survival in individual patients, and possible factors, particularly genetic factors, that could cause short or long survival. The authors also speculate on possible mechanisms. EXPERT OPINION a small number of known factors can explain some variability in ALS survival. However, other disease-modifying factors likely exist. Factors that alter motor neurone vulnerability and immune, metabolic, and muscle function could affect survival by modulating the disease process. Knowing these factors could lead to interventions to change the course of the disease. The authors suggest a broad approach is needed to quantify the proportion of variation survival attributable to genetic and non-genetic factors and to identify and estimate the effect size of specific factors. Studies of this nature could not only identify novel avenues for therapeutic research but also play an important role in clinical trial design and personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela A McCombe
- Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, Australia.,Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital , Brisbane, Australia
| | - Fleur C Garton
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, Australia
| | - Matthew Katz
- Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital , Brisbane, Australia
| | - Naomi R Wray
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, Australia.,Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, Australia
| | - Robert D Henderson
- Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, Australia
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17
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Local and Systemic Humoral Response to Autologous Lineage-Negative Cells Intrathecal Administration in ALS Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21031070. [PMID: 32041109 PMCID: PMC7037134 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21031070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) remains a fatal disease with limited therapeutic options. Signaling via neurotrophins (NTs), neuroinflammation, and certain micro-RNAs are believed to play essential role in ALS pathogenesis. Lineage-negative stem/progenitor cells (Lin−) were obtained from bone marrow of 18 ALS patients and administered intrathecally. Clinical assessment was performed using ALS Functional Rating Scale (FRSr) and Norris scale. Protein concentrations were measured in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by multiplex fluorescent bead-based immunoassay. Gene expression in nucleated blood cells was assessed using gene microarray technique. Finally, miRNA expression was analyzed using qPCR in CSF and plasma samples. We observed a significant decrease of C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration in plasma on the seventh day from the application of cells. Gene array results revealed decreased expression of gene sets responsible for neutrophil activation. Further analysis revealed moderate negative correlation between CRP level in CSF and clinical outcome. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentrations in both plasma and CSF significantly correlated with the favorable clinical outcome. On a micro-RNA level, we observed significant increase of miR-16-5p expression one week after transplantation in both body fluids and significant increase of miR-206 expression in plasma. Administration of Lin− cells may decrease inflammatory response and prevent neurodegeneration. However, these issues require further investigations.
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18
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Armon C. Smoking is a cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. High low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels? Unsure. Ann Neurol 2020; 85:465-469. [PMID: 30875450 DOI: 10.1002/ana.25468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carmel Armon
- Tel Aviv University Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Shamir (Assaf Harofeh) Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel
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19
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Filippini T, Fiore M, Tesauro M, Malagoli C, Consonni M, Violi F, Arcolin E, Iacuzio L, Oliveri Conti G, Cristaldi A, Zuccarello P, Zucchi E, Mazzini L, Pisano F, Gagliardi I, Patti F, Mandrioli J, Ferrante M, Vinceti M. Clinical and Lifestyle Factors and Risk of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Population-Based Case-Control Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17030857. [PMID: 32019087 PMCID: PMC7037077 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17030857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive, fatal neurodegenerative disease of the motor neurons. The etiology of ALS remains largely unknown, particularly with reference to the potential environmental determinants. Methods: We performed a population-based case-control study in four provinces from both Northern and Southern Italy in order to assess non-genetic ALS risk factors by collecting through tailored questionnaires information about clinical and lifestyle factors. We estimated ALS risk by calculating odds ratio (OR) with its 95% confidence interval (CI) using unconditional logistic regression models adjusted for sex, age and educational attainment. Results: We recruited 230 participants (95 cases and 135 controls). We found a possible positive association of ALS risk with trauma, particularly head trauma (OR = 2.61, 95% CI 1.19–5.72), electric shock (OR = 2.09, 95% CI 0.62–7.06), and some sports, although at a competitive level only. In addition, our results suggest an increased risk for subjects reporting use of private wells for drinking water (OR = 1.38, 95% CI 0.73–2.27) and for use of herbicides during gardening (OR = 1.95, 95% CI 0.88–2.27). Conversely, there was a suggestion of an inverse association with overall fish consumption (OR = 0.27, 95% CI 0.12–0.60), but with no dose-response relation. Consumption of some dietary supplements, namely those containing amino acids and, in the Southern Italy population, vitamins and minerals such as selenium, seemed associated with a statistically imprecise increased risk. Conclusions: Our results suggest a potential etiologic role a number of clinical and lifestyle factors with ALS risk. However, caution is needed due to some study limitations. These include the small sample size and the low number of exposed subjects, which affect statistical precision of risk estimates, the potential for exposure misclassification, and the uncertainties about mechanisms underpinning the possible association between these factors and disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Filippini
- CREAGEN—Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (T.F.); (C.M.); (F.V.); (E.A.); (L.I.)
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Maria Fiore
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G. F. Ingrassia”, Catania University, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.F.); (G.O.C.); (A.C.); (P.Z.); (F.P.); (M.F.)
| | - Marina Tesauro
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (M.C.)
| | - Carlotta Malagoli
- CREAGEN—Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (T.F.); (C.M.); (F.V.); (E.A.); (L.I.)
| | - Michela Consonni
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (M.C.)
| | - Federica Violi
- CREAGEN—Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (T.F.); (C.M.); (F.V.); (E.A.); (L.I.)
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
- Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Elisa Arcolin
- CREAGEN—Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (T.F.); (C.M.); (F.V.); (E.A.); (L.I.)
| | - Laura Iacuzio
- CREAGEN—Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (T.F.); (C.M.); (F.V.); (E.A.); (L.I.)
- Department of Public Health, Local Health Unit, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Gea Oliveri Conti
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G. F. Ingrassia”, Catania University, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.F.); (G.O.C.); (A.C.); (P.Z.); (F.P.); (M.F.)
| | - Antonio Cristaldi
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G. F. Ingrassia”, Catania University, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.F.); (G.O.C.); (A.C.); (P.Z.); (F.P.); (M.F.)
| | - Pietro Zuccarello
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G. F. Ingrassia”, Catania University, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.F.); (G.O.C.); (A.C.); (P.Z.); (F.P.); (M.F.)
| | - Elisabetta Zucchi
- Neurology Unit, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | - Letizia Mazzini
- ALS Centre Department of Neurology, ‘Maggiore della Carità’ University Hospital, 28100 Novara, Italy; (L.M.); (I.G.)
| | - Fabrizio Pisano
- Neurological Rehabilitation Division, Policlinico San Marco di Zingonia, 24046 Zingonia (BG), Italy;
| | - Ileana Gagliardi
- ALS Centre Department of Neurology, ‘Maggiore della Carità’ University Hospital, 28100 Novara, Italy; (L.M.); (I.G.)
| | - Francesco Patti
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G. F. Ingrassia”, Catania University, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.F.); (G.O.C.); (A.C.); (P.Z.); (F.P.); (M.F.)
| | - Jessica Mandrioli
- Neurology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, S. Agostino Estense Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, 41126 Modena, Italy;
| | - Margherita Ferrante
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G. F. Ingrassia”, Catania University, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.F.); (G.O.C.); (A.C.); (P.Z.); (F.P.); (M.F.)
| | - Marco Vinceti
- CREAGEN—Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (T.F.); (C.M.); (F.V.); (E.A.); (L.I.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Correspondence:
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20
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Forcella M, Lau P, Oldani M, Melchioretto P, Bogni A, Gribaldo L, Fusi P, Urani C. Neuronal specific and non-specific responses to cadmium possibly involved in neurodegeneration: A toxicogenomics study in a human neuronal cell model. Neurotoxicology 2020; 76:162-173. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2019.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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21
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Lian L, Liu M, Cui L, Guan Y, Liu T, Cui B, Zhang K, Tai H, Shen D. Environmental risk factors and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS): A case-control study of ALS in China. J Clin Neurosci 2019; 66:12-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2019.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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22
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Zeng P, Zhou X. Causal effects of blood lipids on amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a Mendelian randomization study. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 28:688-697. [PMID: 30445611 PMCID: PMC6360326 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a late-onset fatal neurodegenerative disorder that is predicted to increase across the globe by ~70% in the following decades. Understanding the disease causal mechanism underlying ALS and identifying modifiable risks factors for ALS hold the key for the development of effective preventative and treatment strategies. Here, we investigate the causal effects of four blood lipid traits that include high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol and triglycerides on the risk of ALS. By leveraging instrument variables from multiple large-scale genome-wide association studies in both European and East Asian populations, we carry out one of the largest and most comprehensive Mendelian randomization analyses performed to date on the causal relationship between lipids and ALS. Among the four lipids, we found that only LDL is causally associated with ALS and that higher LDL level increases the risk of ALS in both the European and East Asian populations. Specifically, the odds ratio of ALS per 1 standard deviation (i.e. 39.0 mg/dL) increase of LDL is estimated to be 1.14 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.05–1.24; P = 1.38E-3] in the European population and 1.06 (95% CI, 1.00–1.12; P = 0.044) in the East Asian population. The identified causal relationship between LDL and ALS is robust with respect to the choice of statistical methods and is validated through extensive sensitivity analyses that guard against various model assumption violations. Our study provides important evidence supporting the causal role of higher LDL on increasing the risk of ALS, paving ways for the development of preventative strategies for reducing the disease burden of ALS across multiple nations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zeng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Korner S, Kammeyer J, Zapf A, Kuzma-Kozakiewicz M, Piotrkiewicz M, Kuraszkiewicz B, Goszczynska H, Gromicho M, Grosskreutz J, Andersen PM, de Carvalho M, Petri S. Influence of Environment and Lifestyle on Incidence and Progress of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in A German ALS Population. Aging Dis 2019; 10:205-216. [PMID: 31011473 PMCID: PMC6457054 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2018.0327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease mainly affecting upper and lower motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord. Pathogenesis of ALS is still unclear, and a multifactorial etiology is presumed. The remarkable clinical heterogeneity between different phenotypes of ALS patients suggests that environmental and lifestyle factors could play a role in onset and progression of ALS. We analyzed a cohort of 117 ALS patients and 93 controls. ALS patients and controls were compared regarding physical activity, dietary habits, smoking, residential environment, potentially toxic environmental factors and profession before symptom onset and throughout the disease course. Data were collected by a personal interview. For statistical analysis descriptive statistics, statistical tests and analysis of variance were used. ALS patients and controls did not differ regarding smoking, diet and extent of physical training. No higher frequency of toxic influences could be detected in the ALS group. ALS patients lived in rural environment considerably more often than the control persons, but this was not associated with a higher percentage of occupation in agriculture. There was also a higher percentage of university graduates in the ALS group. Patients with bulbar onset were considerably more often born in an urban environment as compared to spinal onset. Apart from education and environment, ALS phenotypes did not differ in any investigated environmental or life-style factor. The rate of disease progression was not influenced by any of the investigated environmental and life-style factors. The present study could not identify any dietary habit, smoking, physical activity, occupational factor as well as toxic influences as risk factor or protective factor for onset or progression of ALS. Living in rural environment and higher education might be associated with higher incidence of ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Korner
- 1Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | | | - Antonia Zapf
- 2Department of Medical Statistics, University Medical Center Göttingen Germany
| | | | - Maria Piotrkiewicz
- 4Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bożenna Kuraszkiewicz
- 4Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Hanna Goszczynska
- 4Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Gromicho
- 5Institute of Physiology-Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Peter M Andersen
- 7Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Umea University, Sweden
| | - Mamede de Carvalho
- 5Institute of Physiology-Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Susanne Petri
- 1Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Germany.,8Center for Systems Neuroscience (ZSN), Hannover, Germany
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Wei QQ, Chen Y, Chen X, Cao B, Ou R, Zhang L, Hou Y, Shang H. Prognostic Nomogram Associated with Longer Survival in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Patients. Aging Dis 2018; 9:965-975. [PMID: 30574410 PMCID: PMC6284758 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2017.1016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Better understanding of survival factors in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) could help physicians and patients schedule therapeutic interventions. We conducted a study to evaluate the predictive factors associated with longer survival and construct prognostic nomogram in ALS patients. A total of 553 ALS patients were enrolled and divided into 2 groups: a training set and a validation set. Risk factors for survival were identified using logistic regression analysis, and a nomogram created by R program was performed to predict the probability of longer survival in the training set; then receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was applied to assess predictive value of the nomogram model. The median survival time was 3.2 years for all patients. Multivariate analyses revealed that age of onset, rate of disease progression, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level, body mass index, creatinine, creatine kinase (CK), and non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) were independent predictors of longer survival. A nomogram based on the above seven predictive factors was developed to predict the possibility of longer survival. The ROC curve of the nomogram demonstrated good discrimination ability with an AUC of 0.92 (95% CI: 0.88-0.96) in the validation set. In ALS, serum CK, creatinine and HbA1c levels at baseline were independent biomarkers of longer survival. The prognostic nomogram model that integrated all significant independent factors for those who survived longer than 3 years provides an effective way to predict the probability of longer survival and can help doctors evaluate the disease progression and give personalized treatment recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Qian Wei
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongping Chen
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xueping Chen
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bei Cao
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - RuWei Ou
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lingyu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanbing Hou
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Huifang Shang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Theme 5 Epidemiology and informatics. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2018; 19:178-197. [DOI: 10.1080/21678421.2018.1510572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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26
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Wei QQ, Chen Y, Chen X, Cao B, Ou R, Zhang L, Hou Y, Shang H. Clinical and prognostic features of ALS/MND in different phenotypes–data from a hospital-based registry. Brain Res Bull 2018; 142:403-408. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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27
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Westeneng HJ, Debray TPA, Visser AE, van Eijk RPA, Rooney JPK, Calvo A, Martin S, McDermott CJ, Thompson AG, Pinto S, Kobeleva X, Rosenbohm A, Stubendorff B, Sommer H, Middelkoop BM, Dekker AM, van Vugt JJFA, van Rheenen W, Vajda A, Heverin M, Kazoka M, Hollinger H, Gromicho M, Körner S, Ringer TM, Rödiger A, Gunkel A, Shaw CE, Bredenoord AL, van Es MA, Corcia P, Couratier P, Weber M, Grosskreutz J, Ludolph AC, Petri S, de Carvalho M, Van Damme P, Talbot K, Turner MR, Shaw PJ, Al-Chalabi A, Chiò A, Hardiman O, Moons KGM, Veldink JH, van den Berg LH. Prognosis for patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: development and validation of a personalised prediction model. Lancet Neurol 2018; 17:423-433. [PMID: 29598923 DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(18)30089-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 289] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a relentlessly progressive, fatal motor neuron disease with a variable natural history. There are no accurate models that predict the disease course and outcomes, which complicates risk assessment and counselling for individual patients, stratification of patients for trials, and timing of interventions. We therefore aimed to develop and validate a model for predicting a composite survival endpoint for individual patients with ALS. METHODS We obtained data for patients from 14 specialised ALS centres (each one designated as a cohort) in Belgium, France, the Netherlands, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Portugal, Switzerland, and the UK. All patients were diagnosed in the centres after excluding other diagnoses and classified according to revised El Escorial criteria. We assessed 16 patient characteristics as potential predictors of a composite survival outcome (time between onset of symptoms and non-invasive ventilation for more than 23 h per day, tracheostomy, or death) and applied backward elimination with bootstrapping in the largest population-based dataset for predictor selection. Data were gathered on the day of diagnosis or as soon as possible thereafter. Predictors that were selected in more than 70% of the bootstrap resamples were used to develop a multivariable Royston-Parmar model for predicting the composite survival outcome in individual patients. We assessed the generalisability of the model by estimating heterogeneity of predictive accuracy across external populations (ie, populations not used to develop the model) using internal-external cross-validation, and quantified the discrimination using the concordance (c) statistic (area under the receiver operator characteristic curve) and calibration using a calibration slope. FINDINGS Data were collected between Jan 1, 1992, and Sept 22, 2016 (the largest data-set included data from 1936 patients). The median follow-up time was 97·5 months (IQR 52·9-168·5). Eight candidate predictors entered the prediction model: bulbar versus non-bulbar onset (univariable hazard ratio [HR] 1·71, 95% CI 1·63-1·79), age at onset (1·03, 1·03-1·03), definite versus probable or possible ALS (1·47, 1·39-1·55), diagnostic delay (0·52, 0·51-0·53), forced vital capacity (HR 0·99, 0·99-0·99), progression rate (6·33, 5·92-6·76), frontotemporal dementia (1·34, 1·20-1·50), and presence of a C9orf72 repeat expansion (1·45, 1·31-1·61), all p<0·0001. The c statistic for external predictive accuracy of the model was 0·78 (95% CI 0·77-0·80; 95% prediction interval [PI] 0·74-0·82) and the calibration slope was 1·01 (95% CI 0·95-1·07; 95% PI 0·83-1·18). The model was used to define five groups with distinct median predicted (SE) and observed (SE) times in months from symptom onset to the composite survival outcome: very short 17·7 (0·20), 16·5 (0·23); short 25·3 (0·06), 25·2 (0·35); intermediate 32·2 (0·09), 32·8 (0·46); long 43·7 (0·21), 44·6 (0·74); and very long 91·0 (1·84), 85·6 (1·96). INTERPRETATION We have developed an externally validated model to predict survival without tracheostomy and non-invasive ventilation for more than 23 h per day in European patients with ALS. This model could be applied to individualised patient management, counselling, and future trial design, but to maximise the benefit and prevent harm it is intended to be used by medical doctors only. FUNDING Netherlands ALS Foundation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henk-Jan Westeneng
- Department of Neurology, Brain Centre Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Thomas P A Debray
- Department of Epidemiology, Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands; Cochrane Netherlands, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Anne E Visser
- Department of Neurology, Brain Centre Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Ruben P A van Eijk
- Department of Neurology, Brain Centre Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - James P K Rooney
- Academic Unit of Neurology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Andrea Calvo
- 'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience, ALS Centre, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Sarah Martin
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, and United Kingdom Dementia Research Institute at the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | | | - Susana Pinto
- Institute of Physiology-Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Xenia Kobeleva
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | | | - Helma Sommer
- Neuromuscular Diseases Centre/ALS Clinic, Kantonsspital St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Bas M Middelkoop
- Department of Neurology, Brain Centre Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Annelot M Dekker
- Department of Neurology, Brain Centre Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Joke J F A van Vugt
- Department of Neurology, Brain Centre Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Wouter van Rheenen
- Department of Neurology, Brain Centre Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Alice Vajda
- Academic Unit of Neurology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mark Heverin
- Academic Unit of Neurology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mbombe Kazoka
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Hannah Hollinger
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Marta Gromicho
- Institute of Physiology-Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sonja Körner
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas M Ringer
- Hans-Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Annekathrin Rödiger
- Hans-Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Anne Gunkel
- Hans-Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Christopher E Shaw
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, and United Kingdom Dementia Research Institute at the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Annelien L Bredenoord
- Department of Epidemiology, Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Michael A van Es
- Department of Neurology, Brain Centre Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Philippe Corcia
- Centre de compétence SLA-fédération Tours-Limoges, CHU de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Philippe Couratier
- Centre de compétence SLA-fédération Tours-Limoges, CHU de Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Markus Weber
- Neuromuscular Diseases Centre/ALS Clinic, Kantonsspital St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Julian Grosskreutz
- Hans-Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Susanne Petri
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mamede de Carvalho
- Institute of Physiology-Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Philip Van Damme
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Neurosciences, Katholieke Universiteit, Leuven (University of Leuven) and Centre for Brain and Disease Research, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kevin Talbot
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Martin R Turner
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Pamela J Shaw
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Ammar Al-Chalabi
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, and United Kingdom Dementia Research Institute at the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Adriano Chiò
- 'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience, ALS Centre, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Orla Hardiman
- Academic Unit of Neurology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital, Beaumont, Ireland
| | - Karel G M Moons
- Department of Epidemiology, Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands; Cochrane Netherlands, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Jan H Veldink
- Department of Neurology, Brain Centre Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Leonard H van den Berg
- Department of Neurology, Brain Centre Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.
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MiR-3202 protects smokers from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease through inhibiting FAIM2: An in vivo and in vitro study. Exp Cell Res 2017; 362:370-377. [PMID: 29208459 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Previous study found the variable miR-3202 as a potential biomarker in smoker with or without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study aims to identify the molecular involvement of miR-3202 in the pathophysiology of COPD. Level of miR-3202 in blood sample of non-smoker non-COPD(C), smoker without COPD(S), smoker with stable COPD(S-COPD) and smoker with acute exacerbation COPD(AE-COPD) was observed by quantitative real-time PCR. By bioinformatics prediction, Fas apoptotic inhibitory molecule 2 (FAIM2) was identified as a potential target of miR-3202. In vitro, human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells and cigarette smoke extract (CSE) stimulated T lymphocytes were co-cultured. Cell proliferation and apoptosis of HBE cells were determinated. In vivo, rats were exposed in cigarette smoke for 30 days and expression of miR-3202 and FAIM2 in bronchia were detected. Results showed that The miR-3202 was down-regulated in S, S-COPD and AE-COPD group when compared with C group. Decreased level of miR-3202 was also observed in CSE treated T lymphocyte. Additionally, CSE stimulation increased INF-γ and TNF-α levels and FAIM2 expression whereas inhibited Fas and FasL expressions in T lymphocytes. However, these effects were significantly suppressed by miR-3202 overexpression and enhanced by miR-3202 inhibitor. Likely to exogenous miR-3202, FAIM2 knockdown significantly inhibited HBE cells apoptosis, as well as inhibited INF-γ and TNF-α levels. In COPD rats model, miR-3202 was reduced while FAIM2 was up-regulated accordingly. Here, results suggest that high level miR-3202 in T lymphocytes may protect epithelial cells through targeting FAIM2. MiR-3202 might be used as a notable biomarker of COPD.
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Wallin C, Sholts SB, Österlund N, Luo J, Jarvet J, Roos PM, Ilag L, Gräslund A, Wärmländer SKTS. Alzheimer's disease and cigarette smoke components: effects of nicotine, PAHs, and Cd(II), Cr(III), Pb(II), Pb(IV) ions on amyloid-β peptide aggregation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14423. [PMID: 29089568 PMCID: PMC5663743 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13759-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is a significant risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is associated with extracellular brain deposits of amyloid plaques containing aggregated amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides. Aβ aggregation occurs via multiple pathways that can be influenced by various compounds. Here, we used AFM imaging and NMR, fluorescence, and mass spectrometry to monitor in vitro how Aβ aggregation is affected by the cigarette-related compounds nicotine, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with one to five aromatic rings, and the metal ions Cd(II), Cr(III), Pb(II), and Pb(IV). All PAHs and metal ions modulated the Aβ aggregation process. Cd(II), Cr(III), and Pb(II) ions displayed general electrostatic interactions with Aβ, whereas Pb(IV) ions showed specific transient binding coordination to the N-terminal Aβ segment. Thus, Pb(IV) ions are especially prone to interact with Aβ and affect its aggregation. While Pb(IV) ions affected mainly Aβ dimer and trimer formation, hydrophobic toluene mainly affected formation of larger aggregates such as tetramers. The uncharged and hydrophilic nicotine molecule showed no direct interactions with Aβ, nor did it affect Aβ aggregation. Our Aβ interaction results suggest a molecular rationale for the higher AD prevalence among smokers, and indicate that certain forms of lead in particular may constitute an environmental risk factor for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Wallin
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Arrhenius Laboratories, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sabrina B Sholts
- Department of Anthropology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Nicklas Österlund
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Arrhenius Laboratories, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratories, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jinghui Luo
- Chemical Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford Ox, 1 3TA, UK
| | - Jüri Jarvet
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Arrhenius Laboratories, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
- The National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Per M Roos
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 13, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Capio St.Göran Hospital, St.Göransplan 1, 112 19, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Leopold Ilag
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratories, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Astrid Gräslund
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Arrhenius Laboratories, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sebastian K T S Wärmländer
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Arrhenius Laboratories, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert H Brown
- From the Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester (R.H.B.); and the Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, London (A.A.-C.)
| | - Ammar Al-Chalabi
- From the Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester (R.H.B.); and the Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, London (A.A.-C.)
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Moglia C, Calvo A, Canosa A, Bertuzzo D, Cugnasco P, Solero L, Grassano M, Bersano E, Cammarosano S, Manera U, Pisano F, Mazzini L, Dalla Vecchia LA, Mora G, Chiò A. Influence of arterial hypertension, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors on ALS outcome: a population-based study. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2017; 18:590-597. [PMID: 28616937 DOI: 10.1080/21678421.2017.1336560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the prognostic influence of pre-morbid type 2 diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension and cardiovascular (CV) risk profile on ALS phenotype and outcome in a population-based cohort of Italian patients. METHODS A total of 650 ALS patients from the Piemonte/Valle d'Aosta Register for ALS, incident in the 2007-2011 period, were recruited. Information about premorbid presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension was collected at the time of diagnosis. Patients' CV risk profile was calculated according to the Joint British Societies' guidelines on prevention of cardiovascular disease in clinical practice (JBS2). RESULTS At the univariate analysis, the presence of pre-morbid arterial hypertension was associated with a higher age at onset of ALS and a shorter survival, and patients with a high CV risk profile had a worse prognosis than those with a low CV risk profile. The Cox multivariable analysis did not confirm such findings. Type 2 diabetes mellitus did not modify either the phenotype or the prognosis of ALS patients. CONCLUSIONS This study performed on a large population-based cohort of ALS patients has demonstrated that arterial hypertension, type 2 diabetes and CV risk factors, calculated using the Framingham equation, do not influence ALS phenotype and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Moglia
- a ALS Center, 'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience , University of Turin , Turin , Italy.,b Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza , Turin , Italy
| | - Andrea Calvo
- a ALS Center, 'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience , University of Turin , Turin , Italy.,b Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza , Turin , Italy
| | - Antonio Canosa
- a ALS Center, 'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience , University of Turin , Turin , Italy
| | - Davide Bertuzzo
- a ALS Center, 'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience , University of Turin , Turin , Italy
| | - Paolo Cugnasco
- a ALS Center, 'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience , University of Turin , Turin , Italy
| | - Luca Solero
- a ALS Center, 'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience , University of Turin , Turin , Italy
| | - Maurizio Grassano
- a ALS Center, 'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience , University of Turin , Turin , Italy
| | - Enrica Bersano
- c ALS Center, Department of Neurology , Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Maggiore della Carità , Novara , Italy.,d Eastern Piedmont University , Novara , Italy
| | - Stefania Cammarosano
- a ALS Center, 'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience , University of Turin , Turin , Italy
| | - Umberto Manera
- a ALS Center, 'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience , University of Turin , Turin , Italy
| | | | - Fabrizio Pisano
- e Salvatore Maugeri Foundation , IRCSS, Scientific Institute of Veruno , Veruno , Italy
| | - Letizia Mazzini
- c ALS Center, Department of Neurology , Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Maggiore della Carità , Novara , Italy
| | - Laura A Dalla Vecchia
- f Salvatore Maugeri Foundation , IRCSS, Scientific Institute of Milano , Milano , Italy , and
| | - Gabriele Mora
- f Salvatore Maugeri Foundation , IRCSS, Scientific Institute of Milano , Milano , Italy , and
| | - Adriano Chiò
- a ALS Center, 'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience , University of Turin , Turin , Italy.,b Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza , Turin , Italy.,g Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies , Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , Rome , Italy
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Wood H. Motor neuron disease: Smoking adversely affects survival in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Nat Rev Neurol 2016; 12:615. [PMID: 27713491 DOI: 10.1038/nrneurol.2016.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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