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Cheng WY, Chan PL, Ong HY, Wong KH, Chang RCC. Systemic Inflammation Disrupts Circadian Rhythms and Diurnal Neuroimmune Dynamics. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7458. [PMID: 39000563 PMCID: PMC11242289 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms regulate physiological processes in approximately 24 h cycles, and their disruption is associated with various diseases. Inflammation may perturb circadian rhythms, though these interactions remain unclear. This study examined whether systemic inflammation induced by an intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) could alter central and peripheral circadian rhythms and diurnal neuroimmune dynamics. Mice were randomly assigned to two groups: the saline control group and the LPS group. The diurnal expression of circadian clock genes and inflammatory cytokines were measured in the hypothalamus, hippocampus, and liver. Diurnal dynamic behaviors of microglia were also assessed. Our results revealed that the LPS perturbed circadian gene oscillations in the hypothalamus, hippocampus, and liver. Furthermore, systemic inflammation induced by the LPS could trigger neuroinflammation and perturb the diurnal dynamic behavior of microglia in the hippocampus. These findings shed light on the intricate link between inflammation and circadian disruption, underscoring their significance in relation to neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai-Yin Cheng
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China; (H.-Y.O.); (K.-H.W.)
- Research Institute for Future Food, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China;
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Po-Lam Chan
- Research Institute for Future Food, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China;
| | - Hang-Yin Ong
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China; (H.-Y.O.); (K.-H.W.)
- Research Institute for Future Food, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China;
| | - Ka-Hing Wong
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China; (H.-Y.O.); (K.-H.W.)
- Research Institute for Future Food, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China;
| | - Raymond Chuen-Chung Chang
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Gédor M, Bourgkard È, Dziurla M, Ribet C, Goldberg M, Grzebyk M, Hédelin G, Boini S. Relationship between night work and health-related quality of life: an analysis based on profiles and cumulative duration of exposure to night work among French workers in the CONSTANCES cohort. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2024; 97:377-386. [PMID: 38466419 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-024-02053-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to estimate the association between night work and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among French workers. The association between cumulative duration of night work and HRQoL was also investigated. METHODS Three career-long night work exposure groups were defined at inclusion in the CONSTANCES cohort: permanent night workers, rotating night workers and former night workers. Day workers with no experience of night work were the reference group. HRQoL was assessed using the Short Form Health Survey (SF-12), in particular the physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) scores, with a higher score indicating better HRQoL. Several linear regression models were built to test the association between night work exposure and HRQoL. The relationship between cumulative duration of night work and HRQoL scores was analyzed using generalised additive models. RESULTS The sample consisted of 10,372 participants. Former night workers had a significantly lower PCS score than day workers (β [95% CI]: - 1.09 [- 1.73; - 0.45], p = 0.001), whereas permanent night workers had a significantly higher MCS score (β [95% CI]: 1.19 [0.009; 2.36], p = 0.048). A significant decrease in PCS score from 5 to 20 years of cumulative night work was observed among former night workers. CONCLUSIONS Former night workers had poorer physical HRQoL in contrast to permanent and rotating night workers who had similar or even better HRQoL than day workers, suggesting the well-known healthy worker survivor effect. Consequently, both current and former night workers require regular and specific follow-up focused on the physical components of their health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maud Gédor
- Department of Occupational Epidemiology, French Research and Safety Institute for the Prevention of Occupational Accidents and Diseases (INRS), 1, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027 54519, Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France.
| | - Ève Bourgkard
- Department of Occupational Epidemiology, French Research and Safety Institute for the Prevention of Occupational Accidents and Diseases (INRS), 1, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027 54519, Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
| | - Mathieu Dziurla
- Department of Occupational Epidemiology, French Research and Safety Institute for the Prevention of Occupational Accidents and Diseases (INRS), 1, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027 54519, Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
| | - Céline Ribet
- Population-Based Epidemiological Cohorts Unit, Inserm UMS 11, Université Paris Cité, Université Paris Saclay, Université de Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Villejuif, France
| | - Marcel Goldberg
- Population-Based Epidemiological Cohorts Unit, Inserm UMS 11, Université Paris Cité, Université Paris Saclay, Université de Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Villejuif, France
| | - Michel Grzebyk
- Department of Occupational Epidemiology, French Research and Safety Institute for the Prevention of Occupational Accidents and Diseases (INRS), 1, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027 54519, Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
| | - Guy Hédelin
- Department of Occupational Epidemiology, French Research and Safety Institute for the Prevention of Occupational Accidents and Diseases (INRS), 1, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027 54519, Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
| | - Stéphanie Boini
- Department of Occupational Epidemiology, French Research and Safety Institute for the Prevention of Occupational Accidents and Diseases (INRS), 1, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027 54519, Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
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Migdanis A, Tsolis K, Migdanis I, Kaltsa AG, Fytsilis FA, Manouras A, Androutsos O, Kapsoritakis A. The Effect of Shift Working on Dietary Patterns of Healthcare Practitioners during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:627. [PMID: 38674273 PMCID: PMC11051816 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60040627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Health professionals' working schedules often do not allow them to follow a balanced way of life, and the nature of their work can affect their weight and eating habits. The aim of the present study is to shed some light on the impact of night shift working on the dietary practices of healthcare practitioners in Greece. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. With the use of an administered questionnaire several parameters were assessed, including anthropometric characteristics, weight history, as well as nutritional habits of the same group of participants during night shifts and when at regular working hours. Moreover, nutritional beliefs of the subjects were recorded, as well as the level of adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Results: It was observed that in all food groups, including water, used to compare the nutritional patterns of the participants during night shifts and when working regular hours, statistical differences were noted (p = 0.001). Furthermore, the participants who reported a higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet and self-reported healthier nutritional habits, had a statistically lower weight compared to the participants that rarely followed the specific model or reported unhealthier eating routine (p = 0.010 and p = 0.015, respectively). Conclusions: We conclude that shift-working healthcare professionals are associated with disturbed eating behaviours leading to the high consumption of unhealthy food. The implementation of interventions that will concentrate on educating health workers on balanced nutrition and improving physical environment (i.e., food availability, healthier food choices) seems to be of great importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Migdanis
- Nutrition and Dietetics Department, University of Thessaly, Argonafton 1C, 42132 Trikala, Greece; (I.M.); (A.M.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Viopolis Mezourlo, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (K.T.); (A.K.)
| | - Konstantinos Tsolis
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Viopolis Mezourlo, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (K.T.); (A.K.)
| | - Ioannis Migdanis
- Nutrition and Dietetics Department, University of Thessaly, Argonafton 1C, 42132 Trikala, Greece; (I.M.); (A.M.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Viopolis Mezourlo, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (K.T.); (A.K.)
| | - Agoritsa G. Kaltsa
- Department of Gastroenterology, General University Hospital of Larissa, Viopolis Mezourlo, 41110 Larissa, Greece (F.A.F.)
| | - Fotios A. Fytsilis
- Department of Gastroenterology, General University Hospital of Larissa, Viopolis Mezourlo, 41110 Larissa, Greece (F.A.F.)
| | - Athanasios Manouras
- Nutrition and Dietetics Department, University of Thessaly, Argonafton 1C, 42132 Trikala, Greece; (I.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Odysseas Androutsos
- Laboratory of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics (CND-Lab), Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, Argonafton 1C, 42132 Trikala, Greece;
| | - Andreas Kapsoritakis
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Viopolis Mezourlo, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (K.T.); (A.K.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, General University Hospital of Larissa, Viopolis Mezourlo, 41110 Larissa, Greece (F.A.F.)
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Khani S, Rafiei S, Ghashghaee A, Masoumi M, Rezaee S, Kheradkhah G, Abdollahi B. Cardiovascular risk factors among nurses: A global systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0286245. [PMID: 38512844 PMCID: PMC10956831 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nurses as the largest group of health workers have a very stressful job which can cause number of diseases specially increase cardiovascular risk factors. This study aims to investigate the overall epidemiology of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors among nurses. METHOD We searched all four main databases such as Scopus, PubMed, Embase and Web of Sciences from the beginning of 2000 to March 2022 with appropriate Mesh Terms. We also searched Google scholar. Then we applied inclusion and exclusion criteria and after selection the studies the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to assess the methodological quality of included studies. Comprehensive Meta-analysis and R software was used for analysis. RESULTS Finally, 22 articles with a total number of 117922 nurses were included. Among all risk factors, sedentary lifestyle and lack of regular physical activity with a prevalence of 46.3% (CI 95%, 26.6-67.2) was regarded as the main prevalent risk factor among nurses. The mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) measured in the study population was 121.31 (CI 95%, 114.73-127.90) and the mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was 78.08 (CI 95%, 74.90-81.25). Also family history of cardiovascular disease (41.9%; 95% IC: 29.8-55.1%), being overweight (33.3%; 95% IC: 24.7-43.2%), and alcohol consumption (24.6%; 95% IC: 16.4-35.2%) was found among the participants. CONCLUSION Study results revealed that sedentary lifestyle was the main prevalent CVD risk factor among nurses followed by family history of cardiovascular disease, being overweight and alcohol consumption. Furthermore, among nurses with shift works almost all risk factors got higher score representing the worse condition in comparison with day workers' nurses. This study enables learning the associated risk factors of CVD among nurses to facilitate interventional programs with a view to reduce the exposure of nursing staff particularly those who work in shifts to cardiovascular risk factors. 1. WHAT WAS ALREADY KNOWN? In general, many studies have emphasized the impact of the nursing profession on the incidence of some cardiovascular patients. Also, different shifts of nurses can have a double effect. 2. WHAT ARE THE NEW FINDINGS? In this study, the mean for sedentary lifestyle was reported to be 46.3% which represented the most prevalent risk factor for cardiovascular risk factors among study population. 3. WHAT IS THEIR SIGNIFICANCE? This study enables learning the associated risk factors of CVD among nurses to facilitate interventional programs with a view to reduce the exposure of nursing staff particularly those who work in shifts to cardiovascular risk factors. This information can comprise essential tools for health human resource management contributing to advance nursing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saghar Khani
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sima Rafiei
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Ahmad Ghashghaee
- The School of Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Maryam Masoumi
- Clinical Research and Development Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Srva Rezaee
- Instructor Clinical Care Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Golnaz Kheradkhah
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahare Abdollahi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Yan L, Rust BM, Palmer DG. Time-restricted feeding restores metabolic flexibility in adult mice with excess adiposity. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1340735. [PMID: 38425486 PMCID: PMC10902009 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1340735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Obesity is prevalent with the adult population in the United States. Energy-dense diets and erratic eating behavior contribute to obesity. Time-restricted eating is a dietary strategy in humans that has been advanced to reduce the propensity for obesity. We hypothesized that time-restricted feeding (TRF) would improve metabolic flexibility and normalize metabolic function in adult mice with established excess adiposity. Methods Male C57BL/6NHsd mice were initially fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks to establish excess body adiposity, while control mice were fed a normal diet. Then, the HFD-fed mice were assigned to two groups, either ad libitum HFD or TRF of the HFD in the dark phase (12 h) for another 12 weeks. Results and discussion Energy intake and body fat mass were similar in TRF and HFD-fed mice. TRF restored rhythmic oscillations of respiratory exchange ratio (RER), which had been flattened by the HFD, with greater RER amplitude in the dark phase. Insulin sensitivity was improved and plasma cholesterol and hepatic triacylglycerol were decreased by TRF. When compared to HFD, TRF decreased transcription of circadian genes Per1 and Per2 and genes encoding lipid metabolism (Acaca, Fads1, Fads2, Fasn, Scd1, and Srebf1) in liver. Metabolomic analysis showed that TRF created a profile that was distinct from those of mice fed the control diet or HFD, particularly in altered amino acid profiles. These included aminoacyl-tRNA-biosynthesis, glutathione metabolism, and phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis pathways. In conclusion, TRF improved metabolic function in adult mice with excess adiposity. This improvement was not through a reduction in body fat mass but through the restoration of metabolic flexibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yan
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, ND, United States
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Hannemann J, Laing A, Middleton B, Schwedhelm E, Marx N, Federici M, Kastner M, Skene DJ, Böger R. Effect of oral melatonin treatment on insulin resistance and diurnal blood pressure variability in night shift workers. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Pharmacol Res 2024; 199:107011. [PMID: 38029806 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.107011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Night shift work is associated with sleep disturbances, obesity, and cardiometabolic diseases. Disruption of the circadian clock system has been suggested to be an independent cause of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease in shift workers. We aimed to improve alignment of circadian timing with social and environmental factors with administration of melatonin. METHODS In a randomized, placebo-controlled, prospective study, we analysed the effects of 2 mg of sustained-release melatonin versus placebo on glucose tolerance, insulin resistance indices, sleep quality, circadian profiles of plasma melatonin and cortisol, and diurnal blood pressure profiles in 24 rotating night shift workers during 12 weeks of treatment, followed by 12 weeks of wash-out. In a novel design, the time of melatonin administration (at night or in the morning) depended upon the shift schedule. We also compared the baseline profiles of the night shift (NS) workers with 12 healthy non-night shift (NNS)-working controls. RESULTS We found significantly impaired indices of insulin resistance at baseline in NS versus NNS (p < 0.05), but no differences in oral glucose tolerance tests nor in the diurnal profiles of melatonin, cortisol, or blood pressure. Twelve weeks of melatonin treatment did not significantly improve insulin resistance, nor did it significantly affect diurnal blood pressure or melatonin and cortisol profiles. Melatonin administration, however, caused a significant improvement in sleep quality which was significantly impaired in NS versus NNS at baseline (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Rotating night shift work causes mild-to-moderate impairment of sleep quality and insulin resistance. Melatonin treatment at bedtime improves sleep quality, but does not significantly affect insulin resistance in rotating night shift workers after 12 weeks of administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Hannemann
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anika Laing
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Benita Middleton
- Chronobiology, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, England, UK
| | - Edzard Schwedhelm
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Marx
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Massimo Federici
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Mariola Kastner
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Debra J Skene
- Chronobiology, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, England, UK
| | - Rainer Böger
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
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Carlson SE, Baron KG, Johnson KT, Williams PG. The thief of (bed)time: Examination of the daily associations between bedtime procrastination and multidimensional sleep health. Sleep Health 2023; 9:903-909. [PMID: 37704562 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2023.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sleep insufficiency is associated with increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Bedtime procrastination, or the needless and voluntary delay in sleep, is a sleep-related behavior which may interfere with sleep health. The objective of this study is to comprehensively examine the daily associations among bedtime procrastination and measures of sleep regularity, satisfaction, timing, efficiency, and duration. METHODS Two hundred and eighty young adult participants (79% female; Mage=24.4) completed daily sleep diaries and measures of bedtime procrastination and sleep restoration over 14days, in addition to measures of chronotype. Multilevel models were constructed to examine the associations between bedtime procrastination and sleep health. RESULTS Greater bedtime procrastination was associated with poorer sleep health, including poorer self-reported sleep restoration, later sleep timing, less efficient sleep, and shorter sleep duration. These associations were significant at both within- and between-person levels, and persisted after statistically adjusting for individuals' chronotypes. CONCLUSIONS This study offers bedtime procrastination as a putative mechanism for poor sleep health and finds that the associated risk of poor sleep from bedtime procrastination is independent of chronotype. Results presented here suggest that bedtime procrastination may be a relevant behavior in the development or maintenance of sleep and sleep-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven E Carlson
- Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
| | - Kelly Glazer Baron
- Department of Family and Preventative Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | | | - Paula G Williams
- Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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He SK, Wang JH, Li T, Yin S, Cui JW, Xiao YF, Tang Y, Wang J, Bai YJ. Sleep and circadian rhythm disturbance in kidney stone disease: a narrative review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1293685. [PMID: 38089624 PMCID: PMC10711275 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1293685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The circadian rhythm generated by circadian clock genes functions as an internal timing system. Since the circadian rhythm controls abundant physiological processes, the circadian rhythm evolved in organisms is salient for adaptation to environmental change. A disturbed circadian rhythm is a trigger for numerous pathological events. Recently, accumulated data have indicated that kidney stone disease (KSD) is related to circadian rhythm disturbance. However, the mechanism between them has not been fully elucidated. In this narrative review, we summarized existing evidence to illustrate the possible association between circadian rhythm disturbance and KSD based on the epidemiological studies and risk factors that are linked to circadian rhythm disturbance and discuss some chronotherapies for KSD. In summary, KSD is associated with systemic disorders. Metabolic syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, and microbiome dysbiosis are the major risk factors supported by sufficient data to cause KSD in patients with circadian rhythm disturbance, while others including hypertension, vitamin D deficiency, parathyroid gland dysfunction, and renal tubular damage/dysfunction need further investigation. Then, some chronotherapies for KSD were confirmed to be effective, but the molecular mechanism is still unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Ke He
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia-Hao Wang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Shan Yin
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Jian-Wei Cui
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yun-Fei Xiao
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yin Tang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yun-Jin Bai
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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9
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Kalkanis A, Demolder S, Papadopoulos D, Testelmans D, Buyse B. Recovery from shift work. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1270043. [PMID: 38020633 PMCID: PMC10651732 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1270043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
One fifth of today's workforce is engaged in shift work and exposed to various mental and physical health risks including shift work disorder. Efficiently recovering from shift work through physical and mental interventions allows us to mitigate negative effects on health, enables a better work-life balance and enhances our overall wellbeing. The aim of this review is to provide a state-of-the-art overview of the available literature. The role of sleep timing and naps, light therapy and psychotherapy, diet and exercise in recovery from shift work is presented here. We further review the impact of shift schedules and social support on post-shift unwinding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Kalkanis
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Louvain University Center for Sleep and Wake Disorders (LUCS), University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Saartje Demolder
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Louvain University Center for Sleep and Wake Disorders (LUCS), University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dimitrios Papadopoulos
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Louvain University Center for Sleep and Wake Disorders (LUCS), University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dries Testelmans
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Louvain University Center for Sleep and Wake Disorders (LUCS), University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and Thoracic Surgery (BREATH), KU Leuven-University, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bertien Buyse
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Louvain University Center for Sleep and Wake Disorders (LUCS), University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and Thoracic Surgery (BREATH), KU Leuven-University, Leuven, Belgium
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Erickson ML, North R, Counts J, Wang W, Porter Starr KN, Wideman L, Pieper C, Dunn J, Kraus WE. Nightshift imposes irregular lifestyle behaviors in police academy trainees. SLEEP ADVANCES : A JOURNAL OF THE SLEEP RESEARCH SOCIETY 2023; 4:zpad038. [PMID: 38020732 PMCID: PMC10630191 DOI: 10.1093/sleepadvances/zpad038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Study Objective Shiftwork increases risk for numerous chronic diseases, which is hypothesized to be linked to disruption of circadian timing of lifestyle behaviors. However, empirical data on timing of lifestyle behaviors in real-world shift workers are lacking. To address this, we characterized the regularity of timing of lifestyle behaviors in shift-working police trainees. Methods Using a two-group observational study design (N = 18), we compared lifestyle behavior timing during 6 weeks of in-class training during dayshift, followed by 6 weeks of field-based training during either dayshift or nightshift. Lifestyle behavior timing, including sleep-wake patterns, physical activity, and meals, was captured using wearable activity trackers and mobile devices. The regularity of lifestyle behavior timing was quantified as an index score, which reflects day-to-day stability on a 24-hour time scale: Sleep Regularity Index, Physical Activity Regularity Index, and Mealtime Regularity Index. Logistic regression was applied to these indices to develop a composite score, termed the Behavior Regularity Index (BRI). Results Transitioning from dayshift to nightshift significantly worsened the BRI, relative to maintaining a dayshift schedule. Specifically, nightshift led to more irregular sleep-wake timing and meal timing; physical activity timing was not impacted. In contrast, maintaining a dayshift schedule did not impact regularity indices. Conclusions Nightshift imposed irregular timing of lifestyle behaviors, which is consistent with the hypothesis that circadian disruption contributes to chronic disease risk in shift workers. How to mitigate the negative impact of shiftwork on human health as mediated by irregular timing of sleep-wake patterns and meals deserves exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rebecca North
- Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Julie Counts
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Will Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Kathryn N Porter Starr
- Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Geriatric Research, Education, Clinical Center, Durham VA Health Care System, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Laurie Wideman
- Department of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Carl Pieper
- Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jessilyn Dunn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - William E Kraus
- Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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11
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Liu Y, Zhuang H, Han N, Yang Y, Zhang Q, Peng N, Hu Y, Shi L, Li H. The Incidence of Metabolic Syndrome in People Over 40 Years Old with Normal Fasting Plasma Glucose and the Predictive Cutoff Value of Effective Fasting Plasma Glucose for Metabolic Syndrome in Guiyang. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2023; 16:2979-2989. [PMID: 37786865 PMCID: PMC10541677 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s425412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to investigate the incidence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in people over 40 years of age with normal blood glucose levels in Guiyang's urban areas and determine the effective glycemic cutoff value for predicting MS. Methods The analysis was based on anthropometric and biochemical indicators of residents aged 40 years or older in urban areas of Guiyang City who participated in the "Epidemiological Study of Tumor Risk in Chinese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes" in 2011. This study included 3509 patients (2567 females and 942 males) with normal fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and no MS. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation between FPG and MS ROC was used to analyze the effective cutoff value of FPG for the incidence of MS. Results After 3-year follow-up, 675 patients had MS (567 females and 108 males). MS incidence in the total population was 19.24%, 11.46% in males, and 22.09% in females, and it increased with FPG. After multivariate logistic regression analysis, the risk of MS corresponding to FPG in females and males was OR=4.607,95% CI (3.477-6.105) and OR=2.944, 95% CI (1.785-4.855), respectively. ROC results demonstrated that FPG could predict the onset of MS (AUC: 0.720 in males and 0.666 in females). Conclusion Increased FPG correlated with the incidence of metabolic syndrome. Subjects with FPG in the normal range still had a high incidence of MS. The population cutoff value for predicting effective FPG for metabolic syndrome was 5.545 mmol/L in men and 5.605 mmol/L in women. Epidemiological investigations are needed to determine whether a lower FPG cutoff value is required to diagnose MS. FPG not only diagnoses diabetes but also serves as a cost-effective and convenient screening method for developing of MS in the general Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huijun Zhuang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Na Han
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuxing Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiao Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nianchun Peng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Hu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lixin Shi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, People’s Republic of China
- School Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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12
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Chou FY, Chiu TF, Huang FW, Hsu TY, Liu CY, Lin CH, Huang PY, Lin KM, Wu SH. The effect of exercise on the risk of metabolic syndrome associated with sleep insufficiency: a cross-sectional study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1192241. [PMID: 37808885 PMCID: PMC10556234 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1192241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Sleep disturbance and insufficient sleep have been linked to metabolic syndrome, increasing cardiovascular disease and mortality risk. However, few studies investigate the joint effect of sleep and exercise on metabolic syndrome. We hypothesized that regular exercise can mitigate the exacerbation of metabolic syndrome by sleep insufficiency. Objective The aim of this study was to investigate whether exercise can attenuate or eliminate the relationship between sleep insufficiency and metabolic syndrome. Method A total of 6,289 adults (mean age = 33.96 years; women: 74.81%) were included in the study, a cross-sectional study conducted based on the results of employee health screening questionnaires and databases from a large healthcare system in central Taiwan. Participants reported sleep insufficiency or not. Self-reported exercise habits were classified into 3 levels: no exercise, exercise <150 min/week, and exercise ≧150 min/week. Multiple logistic regression and sensitivity analyses were conducted to understand the joint associations of sleep patterns and exercise with metabolic syndrome with exposure variables combining sleep duration/disturbances and PA. Results Compared with the reference group (sufficient sleep), individuals with sleep insufficiency had a higher risk for metabolic syndrome [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.40, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.01-1.94, p < 0.05] in females aged 40-64 years, but not in other populations. Sleep insufficiency was not associated with the risk of metabolic syndrome among individuals achieving an exercise level of <150 min/week, and in particular among those achieving ≧150 min/week in all populations in our study. Conclusion Sleep insufficiency was related to a higher risk of metabolic syndrome in female healthcare staff aged 40-64 years. Being physically active with exercise habits in these individuals, the risk of metabolic syndrome was no longer significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan-Ya Chou
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Te-Fa Chiu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Fen-Wei Huang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Yi Hsu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yu Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Han Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yao Huang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuei-Ming Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hao Wu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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13
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Erickson ML, North R, Counts J, Wang W, Porter Starr KN, Wideman L, Pieper C, Dunn J, Kraus WE. Nightshift Imposes Irregular Lifestyle Behaviors in Police Academy Trainees. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.07.07.23292363. [PMID: 37461704 PMCID: PMC10350160 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.07.23292363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Study Objective Shiftwork increases risk for numerous chronic diseases, which is hypothesized to be linked to disruption of circadian timing of lifestyle behaviors. However, empirical data on timing of lifestyle behaviors in real-world shift workers are lacking. To address this, we characterized the regularity of timing of lifestyle behaviors in shift-working police trainees. Methods Using a two-group observational study design (N=18), we compared lifestyle behavior timing during 6 weeks of in-class training during dayshift, followed by 6 weeks of field-based training during either dayshift or nightshift. Lifestyle behavior timing, including sleep/wake patterns, physical activity, and meals, was captured using wearable activity trackers and mobile devices. The regularity of lifestyle behavior timing was quantified as an index score, which reflects day-to-day stability on a 24h time scale: Sleep Regularity Index (SRI), Physical Activity Regularity Index (PARI) and Mealtime Regularity Index (MRI). Logistic regression was applied to these indices to develop a composite score, termed the Behavior Regularity Index (BRI). Results Transitioning from dayshift to nightshift significantly worsened the BRI, relative to maintaining a dayshift schedule. Specifically, nightshift led to more irregular sleep/wake timing and meal timing; physical activity timing was not impacted. In contrast, maintaining a dayshift schedule did not impact regularity indices. Conclusion Nightshift imposed irregular timing of lifestyle behaviors, which is consistent with the hypothesis that circadian disruption contributes to chronic disease risk in shift workers. How to mitigate the negative impact of shiftwork on human health as mediated by irregular timing of sleep/wake patterns and meals deserves exploration.
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14
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Dudek M, Swift J, Meng QJ. The circadian clock and extracellular matrix homeostasis in aging and age-related diseases. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 325:C52-C59. [PMID: 37246635 PMCID: PMC10281784 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00122.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is the noncellular scaffolding component present within all tissues and organs. It provides crucial biochemical and biomechanical cues to instruct cellular behavior and has been shown to be under circadian clock regulation, a highly conserved cell-intrinsic timekeeping mechanism that has evolved with the 24-hour rhythmic environment. Aging is a major risk factor for many diseases, including cancer, fibrosis, and neurodegenerative disorders. Both aging and our modern 24/7 society disrupt circadian rhythms, which could contribute to altered ECM homeostasis. Understanding the daily dynamics of ECM and how this mechanism changes with age will have a profound impact on tissue health, disease prevention, and improving treatments. Maintaining rhythmic oscillations has been proposed as a hallmark of health. On the other hand, many hallmarks of aging turn out to be key regulators of circadian timekeeping mechanisms. In this review, we summarize new work linking the ECM with circadian clocks and tissue aging. We discuss how the changes in the biomechanical and biochemical properties of ECM during aging may contribute to circadian clock dysregulation. We also consider how the dampening of clocks with age could compromise the daily dynamic regulation of ECM homeostasis in matrix-rich tissues. This review aims to encourage new concepts and testable hypotheses about the two-way interactions between circadian clocks and ECM in the context of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Dudek
- Wellcome Centre for Cell Matrix Research, Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Joe Swift
- Wellcome Centre for Cell Matrix Research, Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Qing-Jun Meng
- Wellcome Centre for Cell Matrix Research, Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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15
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Ye BJ. Association between Shift Work and Metabolic Syndrome: A 4-Year Retrospective Cohort Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11060802. [PMID: 36981459 PMCID: PMC10048347 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11060802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Previous studies on the association between shift work and metabolic syndrome have had inconsistent results. This may be due to the cross-sectional study design and non-objective data used in those studies. Hence, this study aimed to identify risk factors for Metabolic syndrome using objective information provided by the relevant companies and longitudinal data provided in health examinations. (2) Methods: In total, 1211 male workers of three manufacturing companies, including shift workers, were surveyed annually for 4 years. Data on age, smoking, drinking, physical activity, length of shift work, type of shift, past history, waist circumference, blood pressure, blood sugar, triglyceride, and high-density cholesterol (HDL) were collected and analyzed using generalized estimating equations (GEE) to identify the risk factors for Metabolic syndrome. (3) Results: In the multivariate analysis of Metabolic syndrome risk factors, age (OR = 1.078, 95% CI: 1.045–1.112), current smoking (OR = 1.428, 95% CI: 1.815–5.325), and BMI (OR = 1.498, 95% CI: 1.338–1.676) were statistically significant for day workers (n= 510). Additionally, for shift workers (N = 701), age (OR = 1.064, 95% CI: 1.008–1.174), current smoking (OR = 2.092, 95% CI: 1.854–8.439), BMI (OR = 1.471, 95% CI: 1.253–1.727) and length of shift work (OR = 1.115, 95% CI: 1.010-1.320) were statistically significant. Shift work was associated with a higher risk of Metabolic syndrome (OR = 1.093, 95% CI: 1.137–2.233) compared to day workers. For shift workers, shift work for more than 20 years was associated with Metabolic syndrome (OR = 2.080, 95% CI: 1.911–9.103), but the dose–response relationship was not statistically significant. (4) Conclusions: This study revealed that age, current smoking, BMI, and shift work are potential risk factors for Metabolic syndrome. In particular, the length of shift work (>20 years) is a potential risk factor for Metabolic syndrome in shift workers. To prevent metabolic syndrome in shift workers, health managers need to actively accommodate shift workers (especially those who have worked for more than 20 years), current smokers, and obese people. A long-term cohort study based on objective data is needed to identify the chronic health impact and the risk factors of shift work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeong-Jin Ye
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine & Institute of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Busan 47392, Republic of Korea
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16
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Richardson RB, Mailloux RJ. Mitochondria Need Their Sleep: Redox, Bioenergetics, and Temperature Regulation of Circadian Rhythms and the Role of Cysteine-Mediated Redox Signaling, Uncoupling Proteins, and Substrate Cycles. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030674. [PMID: 36978924 PMCID: PMC10045244 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Although circadian biorhythms of mitochondria and cells are highly conserved and crucial for the well-being of complex animals, there is a paucity of studies on the reciprocal interactions between oxidative stress, redox modifications, metabolism, thermoregulation, and other major oscillatory physiological processes. To address this limitation, we hypothesize that circadian/ultradian interaction of the redoxome, bioenergetics, and temperature signaling strongly determine the differential activities of the sleep–wake cycling of mammalians and birds. Posttranslational modifications of proteins by reversible cysteine oxoforms, S-glutathionylation and S-nitrosylation are shown to play a major role in regulating mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production, protein activity, respiration, and metabolomics. Nuclear DNA repair and cellular protein synthesis are maximized during the wake phase, whereas the redoxome is restored and mitochondrial remodeling is maximized during sleep. Hence, our analysis reveals that wakefulness is more protective and restorative to the nucleus (nucleorestorative), whereas sleep is more protective and restorative to mitochondria (mitorestorative). The “redox–bioenergetics–temperature and differential mitochondrial–nuclear regulatory hypothesis” adds to the understanding of mitochondrial respiratory uncoupling, substrate cycling control and hibernation. Similarly, this hypothesis explains how the oscillatory redox–bioenergetics–temperature–regulated sleep–wake states, when perturbed by mitochondrial interactome disturbances, influence the pathogenesis of aging, cancer, spaceflight health effects, sudden infant death syndrome, and diseases of the metabolism and nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard B. Richardson
- Radiobiology and Health, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories (CNL), Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0, Canada
- McGill Medical Physics Unit, Cedars Cancer Centre—Glen Site, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Correspondence: or
| | - Ryan J. Mailloux
- School of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada;
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17
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Richardson RB, Mailloux RJ. WITHDRAWN: Mitochondria need their sleep: Sleep-wake cycling and the role of redox, bioenergetics, and temperature regulation, involving cysteine-mediated redox signaling, uncoupling proteins, and substrate cycles. Free Radic Biol Med 2022:S0891-5849(22)01013-9. [PMID: 36462628 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard B Richardson
- Radiobiology and Health, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories (CNL), Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, K0J 1J0, Canada; McGill Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Cedars Cancer Centre - Glen Site, Montreal, Quebec QC, H4A 3J1, Canada.
| | - Ryan J Mailloux
- School of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, H9X 3V9, Canada
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18
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Supples MW, Glober NK, Lardaro TA, Mahler SA, Stopyra JP. Emergency Medical Services Clinicians Have a High Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome. PREHOSP EMERG CARE 2022; 27:449-454. [PMID: 36260778 DOI: 10.1080/10903127.2022.2138655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: Metabolic syndrome is a constellation of risk factors associated with the development of cardiovascular disease and increased all-cause mortality. Data examining the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among emergency medical services (EMS) clinicians are limited.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of EMS clinicians and firefighters from three fire departments with transport-capable EMS divisions. Data were collected from compulsory annual physical exams for 2021 that included age, sex, race, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and hemoglobin A1c level. These data were used to determine the prevalence of meeting metabolic syndrome criteria. We calculated descriptive statistics of demographics, anthropometrics, and metabolic syndrome criteria for EMS clinicians and firefighters. We used chi-square tests to compare the proportion of EMS clinicians and firefighters meeting criteria for the whole group and among age groups of <40 years old, 40 to 59 years old, and ≥60 years old. We used logistic regression to estimate the odds of meeting criteria in EMS clinicians compared to firefighters, adjusted for age, sex, race, and BMI.Results: We reviewed data for 65 EMS clinicians and 239 firefighters. For the combined cohort, 13.2% (40/304) were female and 95.1% (289/304) were White. The median age for EMS clinicians was 34 years versus 45 years in firefighters (p < 0.0001). Metabolic syndrome criteria were met in 27.3% (83/304) of the entire group. The prevalence of meeting criteria among EMS clinicians and firefighters was 33.9% (22/65) and 25.5% (61/239), respectively (p = 0.18). Of the participants who were younger than age 40, 36.6% (15/41) of EMS clinicians versus 9.1% (7/74) of firefighters met criteria for metabolic syndrome (p < 0.001). EMS clinicians had significantly higher odds of meeting criteria [OR 4.62 (p = 0.001)] compared to firefighters when adjusted for age, sex, race, and BMI.Conclusion: EMS clinicians had a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome at an early age, and had a higher adjusted odds of having metabolic syndrome compared to firefighters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W Supples
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Nancy K Glober
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Thomas A Lardaro
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Simon A Mahler
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC.,Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC.,Department of Implementation Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Jason P Stopyra
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
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19
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Sooriyaarachchi P, Jayawardena R, Pavey T, King NA. Shift work and the risk for metabolic syndrome among healthcare workers: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2022; 23:e13489. [PMID: 35734805 PMCID: PMC9539605 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Shift work, defined as work occurring outside typical daytime working hours, is associated with an increased risk for metabolic syndrome (MetS) due to several biological and environmental changes. The MetS refers to the clustering of several known cardiovascular risk factors, including insulin resistance, obesity, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. This systematic review aims to evaluate the literature on the association between shift work and the risk of MetS in employees of the health sector. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases using appropriate keywords for studies published before September 1, 2021. Eligible studies were those that compared the prevalence of MetS between day and shift healthcare workers; had a cross-sectional, case-control, or cohort study design; provided sufficient data for calculating odds ratios or relative risks with 95% confidence intervals; and articles in English. The Joanna Briggs Institute prevalence critical appraisal tool was used for quality analysis. Risk for MetS and related measures of effect size were retrieved from studies for meta-analysis. Twelve studies met the criteria for inclusion in the review and meta-analysis. Sample sizes ranged from 42 to 738, and the age range of subjects was between 18 and 65 years. Ten studies demonstrated high methodological quality, while two studies were of average quality. Ten out of 12 studies in the review demonstrated a higher risk in shift workers for developing MetS than day workers. The pooled OR of MetS in shift workers based on 12 studies was 2.17 (95% CI = 1.31-3.60, P = 0.003; I2 = 82%, P < 0.001). Shift workers exhibited more than a twofold increase in the chance of developing MetS in comparison with day workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piumika Sooriyaarachchi
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Health and Wellness Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Ranil Jayawardena
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Toby Pavey
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Neil A King
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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20
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Sakboonyarat B, Rangsin R, Mittleman MA. Incidence and risk factors of metabolic syndrome among Royal Thai Army personnel. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15692. [PMID: 36127360 PMCID: PMC9489720 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19024-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic Syndrome is a clustering of obesity, hyperglycemia/insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. We aimed to determine the incidence of metabolic syndrome among Royal Thai Army (RTA) personnel and its risk factors. We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from 2017 to 2021. Metabolic syndrome was defined by NCEP ATP III (2005 Revision). A total of 98,264 participants were enrolled in the present study. The overall incidence rate of metabolic syndrome was 3.7 per 100 person-year (95% CI 3.7–3.8). The statistically significant risk factors for metabolic syndrome included male sex (aHR 1.40; 95% CI 1.29–1.51), age > 35 years, current alcohol consumption, and no exercise. When stratified by sex, the incidence rate of metabolic syndrome among participants aged ≥ 45 years was higher than those aged < 35 years with aHR 6.34; 95% CI 6.01–6.70 for males and aHR 9.59; 95% CI 7.55–12.19 for females. Our data demonstrated that metabolic syndrome is a common health issue, especially among RTA personnel over 35 years. Alcohol consumption and sedentary behavior played an essential role in facilitating metabolic syndrome in this study population and are potential targets for intervention to enhance primary prevention of the sequelae of metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boonsub Sakboonyarat
- Department of Military and Community Medicine, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ram Rangsin
- Department of Military and Community Medicine, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Murray A Mittleman
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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21
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Krutova O, Koskinen A, Peutere L, Ervasti J, Virtanen M, Härmä M, Ropponen A. A Longitudinal Study on Trajectories of Night Work and Sickness Absence among Hospital Employees. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19138168. [PMID: 35805827 PMCID: PMC9265793 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19138168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate trajectories of night shift work in irregular shift work across a 12-year follow-up among hospital employees with and without sickness absence (SA). The payroll-based register data of one hospital district in Finland included objective working hours and SA from 2008 to 2019. The number of night shifts per year was used in group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM). The results indicate that, among those who had any sickness absence episodes, the amount of night work decreased prior to the first SA. In general, trajectories of night shift work varied from stably high to low-but-increasing trajectories in terms of the number of shifts. However, a group with decreasing pattern of night work was identified only among those with sickness absence episodes but not among those without such episodes. To conclude, the identified trajectories of night work with or without sickness absences may indicate that, among those with sickness absence episodes, night work was reduced due to increasing health problems. Hence, the hospital employees working night shifts are likely a selected population because the employees who work at night are supposed to be healthier than those not opting for night work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oxana Krutova
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, 00032 Helsinki, Finland; (A.K.); (L.P.); (J.E.); (M.H.); (A.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +358-50-3573644
| | - Aki Koskinen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, 00032 Helsinki, Finland; (A.K.); (L.P.); (J.E.); (M.H.); (A.R.)
| | - Laura Peutere
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, 00032 Helsinki, Finland; (A.K.); (L.P.); (J.E.); (M.H.); (A.R.)
- School of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Eastern Finland, 80101 Joensuu, Finland;
| | - Jenni Ervasti
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, 00032 Helsinki, Finland; (A.K.); (L.P.); (J.E.); (M.H.); (A.R.)
| | - Marianna Virtanen
- School of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Eastern Finland, 80101 Joensuu, Finland;
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikko Härmä
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, 00032 Helsinki, Finland; (A.K.); (L.P.); (J.E.); (M.H.); (A.R.)
| | - Annina Ropponen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, 00032 Helsinki, Finland; (A.K.); (L.P.); (J.E.); (M.H.); (A.R.)
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
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22
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Straat ME, Martinez-Tellez B, Sardjoe Mishre A, Verkleij MMA, Kemmeren M, Pelsma ICM, Alcantara JMA, Mendez-Gutierrez A, Kooijman S, Boon MR, Rensen PCN. Cold-Induced Thermogenesis Shows a Diurnal Variation That Unfolds Differently in Males and Females. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:1626-1635. [PMID: 35176767 PMCID: PMC9113803 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Cold exposure mobilizes lipids to feed thermogenic processes in organs, including brown adipose tissue (BAT). In rodents, BAT metabolic activity exhibits a diurnal rhythm, which is highest at the start of the wakeful period. OBJECTIVE We investigated whether cold-induced thermogenesis displays diurnal variation in humans and differs between the sexes. METHODS This randomized crossover study included 24 young and lean male (n = 12) and female (n = 12) participants who underwent 2.5-hour personalized cooling using water-perfused mattresses in the morning (7:45 am) and evening (7:45 pm), with 1 day in between. We measured energy expenditure (EE) and supraclavicular skin temperature in response to cold exposure. RESULTS In males, cold-induced EE was higher in the morning than in the evening (+54% ± 10% vs +30% ± 7%; P = 0.05) but did not differ between morning and evening in females (+37% ± 9% vs +30% ± 10%; P = 0.42). Only in males, supraclavicular skin temperature upon cold increased more in morning than evening (+0.2 ± 0.1 °C vs -0.2 ± 0.2 °C; P = 0.05). In males, circulating free fatty acid (FFA) levels were increased after morning cold exposure, but not evening (+90% ± 18% vs +9% ± 8%; P < 0.001). In females, circulating FFA (+94% ± 21% vs +20% ± 5%; P = 0.006), but also triglycerides (+42% ± 5% vs +29% ± 4%, P = 0.01) and cholesterol levels (+17% ± 2% vs 11% ± 2%; P = 0.05) were more increased after cold exposure in morning than in evening. CONCLUSION Cold-induced thermogenesis is higher in morning than evening in males; however, lipid metabolism is more modulated in the morning than the evening in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maaike E Straat
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Borja Martinez-Tellez
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Aashley Sardjoe Mishre
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Magdalena M A Verkleij
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Mirjam Kemmeren
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Iris C M Pelsma
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Juan M A Alcantara
- PROFITH “PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity” Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Andrea Mendez-Gutierrez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, “José Mataix Verdú” Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Biohealth Research Institute in Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sander Kooijman
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Mariëtte R Boon
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Patrick C N Rensen
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
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23
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Rashnuodi P, Afshari D, Shirali GA, Amiri A, Zadeh MR, Samani AS. Metabolic syndrome and its relationship with shift work in petrochemical workers. Work 2022; 71:1175-1182. [DOI: 10.3233/wor-205223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The metabolic syndrome is a complex of interdependent risk factors for cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Shift work might have an impact on metabolic variables, and be a risk factor for type 2 diabetes. To date, only few studies have been done on the prevalence of MetS in industrial work environments in Iran, and most of them have been conducted on a small sample size. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of shift work on prevalence of metabolic syndrome in one of the petrochemical companies in Iran. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 692 male workers of a petrochemical company in south-west Iran. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed according to criteria recommended by Adult Treatment Panel III. In order to determine correlation between MetS and its factors with shift work odds ratio (ORs) for the MetS, 95% confidence level (95% CL), chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were performed. RESULTS: Overall 15.1% of workers were diagnosed with metabolic syndrome and 80% of them were shift workers. A significant difference for prevalence of metabolic syndrome and mean values for body mass index, blood pressure, fast blood sugar, waist circumference among shift workers and non-shift workers were identified (p < 0.001). Compared with the day workers, shift workers had a significantly higher risk of MetS (odds ratio = 4.852; 95% CI 2.34–9.974). CONCLUSIONS: There is an association between metabolic syndrome and shift work in petrochemical workers. Promising intervention strategies are needed for prevention of metabolic disorders for shift workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payam Rashnuodi
- Occupational Health Engineering, Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Davood Afshari
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Gholam Abbas Shirali
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Arman Amiri
- Occupational Health Engineering, Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Marziye Raesi Zadeh
- Occupational Health Engineering, Student Research Committee, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Ali Sahraneshin Samani
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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24
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Tsai HJ, Tsou MT. Age, Sex, and Profession Difference Among Health Care Workers With Burnout and Metabolic Syndrome in Taiwan Tertiary Hospital-A Cross-Section Study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:854403. [PMID: 35492349 PMCID: PMC9048413 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.854403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This cross-sectional study aimed to analyze the association between burnout, work-related factors and metabolic syndrome (MetS) among various health-care workers (HCWs) at a tertiary hospital in Taiwan. Methods Relevant demographic data were obtained through written questionnaires. Information about psychosocial and work conditions, including assigned department, working hours, shifts, and sleep condition, was obtained. Burnout was evaluated according to the Chinese version of Maslach Burnout Inventory-Health Services Survey. MetS was analyzed according to the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program of Taiwan-Treatment Panel for Adults III. Results A total of 1,055 non-doctor/nurse and 2,078 doctor/nurse staff with a median age of 45.2 and 36.1 years participated in this study. The incidence of burnout was nearly 6.42 and 6.68% and that of MetS was 31.4 and 13.5% in non-doctor/nurse and doctor/nurse staff, respectively. The results showed that burnout induced a higher Odds ratio (OR) of MetS in the doctor/nurse group (OR = 1.96, p = 0.01). Other factors, such as night shift and seniority (>10 years), led to a higher OR of MetS, but a decreased risk was observed based on seniority (2-4 years). Further, young female participants and young doctors/nurses with burnout had a higher OR of MetS compare to other groups (OR = 2.43 and 2.32, p < 0.05). Conclusion The study results suggested positive relationship between burnout and MetS in young female staffs and young doctors/nurses. For doctor/nurse staff with higher seniority or more night shifts, strategies are needed to prevent burnout and MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huel-Ju Tsai
- Departments of Health Evaluation Center, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Ting Tsou
- Department of Family Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Occupation Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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25
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Continuous artificial light potentially disrupts central and peripheral reproductive clocks leading to altered uterine physiology and reduced pregnancy success in albino mice. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2022; 21:1217-1232. [PMID: 35399124 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-022-00210-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The mechanism behind clock coordination in female reproductive disorders is poorly understood despite the known importance of coordinated and synchronized timing of central and clocks in reproductive organs. We investigated the effect of continuous artificial light (LL) on the central and peripheral reproductive clock gene (Bmal1, Clock, Per1, Per2 and Cry1) and its downstream regulators (Hgf, PR-A and HOXA10) during non-pregnancy and pregnancy phases of female mice. MAIN METHODS Mice (n = 60) in two sets, were maintained under continuous light (LL) and natural day cycle (LD;12L: 12D) for both non-pregnant and pregnant study. Tissues from hypothalamus-containing SCN, ovary, uterus and serum were collected at different zeitgeber time points (ZT; at 4-h intervals across 24-h periods). KEY FINDINGS LL exposure desynchronized the expressions of the clock mRNAs (Bmal1, Clock, Per1, Per2 and Cry1) in SCN, ovary, and uterus along with Hgf mRNA rhythm. LL significantly increased the thickness of endometrial tissues. Furthermore, the pregnant study revealed lower serum progesterone level during peri- and post-implantation under LL along with downregulated expression of progesterone receptor (PR) as well as progesterone dependent uterine Homeobox A-10 (Hoxa10) proteins with lowered pregnancy outcomes. SIGNIFICANCE Our result suggests that LL disrupted the circadian coordination between central and clock genes in reproductive tissue leading to interrupted uterine physiology and altered pregnancy in mice. This led us to propose that duration of light exposure at work-places or home for females is very important in prevention of pregnancy anomalies.
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26
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Santana AIC, das Merces MC, de Souza MC, de Carvalho Lima BG, Galdino MJQ, de Carvalho Félix ND, Magalhães LBNC, Coelho JMF, Barbosa PJB, Dias Gomes ÉV, Pimentel RFW, de Sousa AR, de Oliveira MAF, de Queiroz AM, Florencio RMS, Cavalcante Neto JL, Gomes AMT, Souza Santos TB, Vieira SL, de Sousa DG, da Silva Thiengo de Andrade PC, de Negreiros Nogueira Maduro IP, Fernandes SL, Damasceno KSM, da Silva DAR, D'Oliveira Júnior A. Interaction between Work and Metabolic Syndrome: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10030544. [PMID: 35327022 PMCID: PMC8953470 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10030544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a clinical condition and a relevant risk factor in the development of cardiovascular diseases; it occurs as a result of lifestyle factors, e.g., work. The aim of this research was to estimate the interaction between work and MS among primary health care (PHC) nursing professionals in the state of Bahia, Brazil. A sectional multicentered study carried out in 43 municipalities in Bahia, whose study population consisted of nursing professionals. The exposure variables were occupation, professional exhaustion, and working time, and the outcome variable was MS. Interaction measures based on the additivity criteria were verified by calculating the excess risks due to the interactions and according to the proportion of cases attributed to the interactions and the synergy index. The global MS prevalence is 24.4%. There was a greater magnitude in the exposure group regarding the three investigated factors (average level occupation, professional exhaustion, and working time in PHC for more than 5 years), reaching an occurrence of 44.9% when compared to the prevalence of 13.1% in the non-exposure group (academic education, without professional burnout, and working time in PHC for up to 5 years). The study’s findings showed a synergistic interaction of work aspects for MS occurrence among PHC nursing professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amália Ivine Costa Santana
- Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, School of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador 40026-010, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Magno Conceição das Merces
- Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, School of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador 40026-010, Bahia, Brazil
- Department of Life Sciences, State University of Bahia (UNEB), Salvador 41150-000, Bahia, Brazil
- FTC University Center (UniFTC), Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador 41741-590, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Marcio Costa de Souza
- Department of Life Sciences, State University of Bahia (UNEB), Salvador 41150-000, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Bruno Gil de Carvalho Lima
- FTC University Center (UniFTC), Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador 41741-590, Bahia, Brazil
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador 40026-010, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Maria José Quina Galdino
- Department of Nursing, State University of Northern Paraná (UENP), Bandeirantes 86360-000, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Nuno Damácio de Carvalho Félix
- Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Recôncavo of Bahia (UFRB), Santo Antônio de Jesus 44574-490, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Lucelia Batista Neves Cunha Magalhães
- FTC University Center (UniFTC), Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador 41741-590, Bahia, Brazil
- Department of Family Health, School of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador 40026-010, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | | | - Érica Velasco Dias Gomes
- Department of Life Sciences, State University of Bahia (UNEB), Salvador 41150-000, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Fernandes Weyll Pimentel
- Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, School of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador 40026-010, Bahia, Brazil
- Department of Life Sciences, State University of Bahia (UNEB), Salvador 41150-000, Bahia, Brazil
- Brazilian Association of Nutrition (ABRAN), Catanduva 15801-150, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anderson Reis de Sousa
- School of Nursing, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador 40231-300, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Antonio Marcos Tosoli Gomes
- School of Nursing, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Silvana Lima Vieira
- Department of Life Sciences, State University of Bahia (UNEB), Salvador 41150-000, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | | | - Isolda Prado de Negreiros Nogueira Maduro
- Brazilian Association of Nutrition (ABRAN), Catanduva 15801-150, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, State University of Amazonas (UEA), Manaus 69850-000, Amazonas, Brazil
| | | | - Kairo Silvestre Meneses Damasceno
- Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, School of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador 40026-010, Bahia, Brazil
- Department of Life Sciences, State University of Bahia (UNEB), Salvador 41150-000, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Argemiro D'Oliveira Júnior
- Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, School of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador 40026-010, Bahia, Brazil
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27
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Predictors of Health Promotion Behaviors Among Working Adults at Risk for Metabolic Syndrome. Nurs Res 2022; 71:275-284. [PMID: 35171127 DOI: 10.1097/nnr.0000000000000587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome has a high global prevalence, affecting 26% of South Koreans. Lifestyle modifications have shown benefits in studies involving health behavior enhancement, specifically through workplace eating and exercise interventions. However, workplace interventions focusing on health behaviors have been inadequately explored. OBJECTIVES This study examined factors affecting health promotion behaviors of workers at high risk of metabolic syndrome by applying Theory of Planned Behavior constructs (attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, and intention). METHODS This correlational cross-sectional study collected survey data from 164 hotel workers in South Korea. The study applied factor analysis and structural equation modeling for the data analysis. RESULTS Analysis revealed five health promotion behaviors: exercise, making healthy food choices, avoiding fatty foods, eating a nutritious and balanced diet, and eating regular moderate meals. Participants were grouped as total participants, those with one risk factor and those with two risk factors. In the total group, four behaviors were influenced by perceived behavioral control: exercise, making healthy food choices, eating a nutritious and balanced diet, and eating regular moderate meals. In the one risk factor group, intention and attitude influenced the eating regular moderate meals behavior, and two other behaviors were influenced by perceived behavioral control: exercise and eating a nutritious and balanced diet; in the two risk factors group, only perceived behavioral control directly affected exercise. DISCUSSION Perceived behavioral control was a key predictor of health behaviors, and theory constructs partially explained behaviors. Perceived behavioral control influenced four behaviors and influenced exercise in all three groups. Also, theory constructs showed a greater effect on behaviors in the one risk factor group than in the two risk factor group, indicating that participants with one risk factor more effectively managed their behaviors on their own and with health care providers' support. Occupational health providers should conduct early assessments of workers showing metabolic syndrome risk factors to identify their particular risks, intention, and behaviors. As the number of risk factors affects behaviors and perceived behavioral control primarily influences exercise, these findings should be incorporated in metabolic syndrome interventions.
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Golding H, Ritonja JA, Day AG, Aronson KJ, Tranmer J. Modeling the relationship between shift work and cardiometabolic risk through circadian disruption, sleep and stress pathways. Chronobiol Int 2022; 39:704-713. [PMID: 35100920 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2022.2032124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to elucidate the multiple pathways linking shift work exposure to cardiometabolic risk (CMR) through the intermediates of circadian disruption, sleep disturbances, and stress. A cross-sectional study was conducted at Kingston Health Sciences Center that included female hospital workers, 160 who worked a day-only schedule and 168 who worked rotating days and nights. Participants completed questionnaires, a clinical exam, and wore accelerometers to collect sleep data for 8 days. Participants also collected urine samples at each void during a 24-h collection period, on the day shift for day-only workers and the night shift for rotating shift workers, for cortisol and melatonin measures. We adapted and tested a conceptual model proposed by Knutsson and Boggild for circadian disruption, sleep, and stress mechanistic pathways linking shift work to CMR using structural equation modeling techniques. Status as a rotating shift worker was associated with increased circadian disruption of cortisol and melatonin production compared to day-only workers (P < .001). Increased circadian disruption was associated with an increased CMR (P = .01). Rotating shift work was associated with sleep disturbances (P = .002) and increased job stress (P < .001), but neither was associated with CMR. We conclude that rotating shift work is associated indirectly with increased CMR. This association is mediated by circadian disruption as indicated by attenuated melatonin and cortisol, and flatter cortisol curves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haley Golding
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer A Ritonja
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew G Day
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kristan J Aronson
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.,Cancer Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joan Tranmer
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.,School of Nursing, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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29
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Li T, Bai Y, Jiang Y, Jiang K, Tian Y, Wang Z, Ban Y, Liang X, Luo G, Sun F. Potential Effect of the Circadian Clock on Erectile Dysfunction. Aging Dis 2022; 13:8-23. [PMID: 35111358 PMCID: PMC8782551 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2021.0728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The circadian rhythm is an internal timing system, which is generated by circadian clock genes. Because the circadian rhythm regulates numerous cellular, behavioral, and physiological processes, organisms have evolved with intrinsic biological rhythms to adapt the daily environmental changes. A variety of pathological events occur at specific times, while disturbed rhythms can lead to metabolic syndrome, vascular dysfunction, inflammatory disorders, and cancer. Therefore, the circadian clock is considered closely related to various diseases. Recently, accumulated data have shown that the penis is regulated by the circadian clock, while erectile function is impaired by an altered sleep-wake cycle. The circadian rhythm appears to be a novel therapeutic target for preventing and managing erectile dysfunction (ED), although research is still progressing. In this review, we briefly summarize the superficial interactions between the circadian clock and erectile function, while focusing on how disturbed rhythms contribute to risk factors of ED. These risk factors include NO/cGMP pathway, atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, lipid abnormalities, testosterone deficiency, as well as dysfunction of endothelial and smooth muscle cells. On the basis of recent findings, we discuss the potential role of the circadian clock for future therapeutic strategies on ED, although further relevant research needs to be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China.
| | - Yunjin Bai
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yiting Jiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Ninth People’s Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Kehua Jiang
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China.
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China.
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China.
| | - Yong Ban
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China.
| | - Xiangyi Liang
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China.
| | - Guangheng Luo
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China.
- Correspondence should be addressed to: Dr. Fa Sun, Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China. .
| | - Fa Sun
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China.
- Correspondence should be addressed to: Dr. Fa Sun, Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China. .
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30
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Deng S, Wang Q, Fan J, Yang X, Mei J, Lu J, Chen G, Yang Y, Liu W, Wang R, Han Y, Sheng R, Wang W, Ba L, Ding F. Correlation of Circadian Rhythms of Heart Rate Variability Indices with Stress, Mood, and Sleep Status in Female Medical Workers with Night Shifts. Nat Sci Sleep 2022; 14:1769-1781. [PMID: 36225321 PMCID: PMC9549795 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s377762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Heart rate variability (HRV) indices have been used as stress indicators. Rare studies investigated the associations of circadian rhythms of the HRV indices with the stress, mood, and sleep conditions in populations under stress. METHODS In total 257 female participants (203 shift workers and 54 non-shift workers) were included. All the participants completed a structured questionnaire to assess the stress, mood, and sleep conditions and performed 24-hour Holter electrocardiogram monitoring on the day away from shifts. Using epochs of 1-min or 5-min beat-to-beat intervals, the HRV indices (SDNN, RMSSD, LF, HF, LF/HF, and LFnu, SD1, SD2, SD1/SD2) were plotted as a function of time and fitted into cosine periodic curves, respectively. Three mathematical parameters based on the cosine periodic curves were extracted, MESOR (M, overall averages of the cosine curve), amplitude (A, amplitude of the peak of the cosine curve), and acrophase (θ, latency to the peak) to quantify the circadian rhythms of the HRV indices. Multivariable linear regression models were used to reveal the associations of these parameters with the clinical assessments of stress, mood, or sleep conditions, as well as with the 24-h averages of the HRV indices. RESULTS The parameters M and A of SDNN, RMSSD, LF, and HF, and θ of LF/HF and LFnu significantly differ between shift and non-shift workers. The parameter θ of LF/HF positively correlates with the severity of stress and anxiety. The parameter A of LF/HF and LFnu also positively correlates with daytime sleepiness and sleep fragmentation. In addition, the parameters M and A instead of θ of SDNN, RMSSD, LF, LF/HF, and LFnu significantly correlate with the 24-h averages of HRV indices. CONCLUSION The circadian rhythms of the HRV indices over 24 hours can, to some extent, predict the severity of stress, emotion and sleep conditions in female populations under stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saiyue Deng
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Quan Wang
- School of Nursing, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Fan
- Cardiac Unit, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyun Yang
- Cardiac Unit, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Junhua Mei
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, 430022, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajia Lu
- Cardiac Unit, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, 430022, People's Republic of China
| | - Guohua Chen
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, 430022, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhua Liu
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, People's Republic of China
| | - Runsen Wang
- Huawei Technologies Co, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujia Han
- Huawei Technologies Co, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Sheng
- Huawei Technologies Co, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Ba
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengfei Ding
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
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Abstract
The modern way of life has dramatically affected our biological rhythms. Circadian rhythms, which are generated by an endogenous circadian clock, are observed in a large number of physiological functions including metabolism. Proper peripheral clock synchronization by different signals including appropriate feeding/fasting cycles is essential to coordinate and temporally gate metabolic processes. In this chapter, we emphasize the importance of nutrient sensing by peripheral clocks and highlight the major role of peripheral and central clock communication to locally regulate metabolic processes and ensure optimal energy storage and expenditure. As a consequence, changes in eating behavior and/or bedtime, as occurs upon shift work and jet lag, have direct consequences on metabolism and participate in the increasing prevalence of obesity and associated metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. In this setting, time-restricted feeding has been suggested as an efficient approach to ameliorate metabolic parameters and control body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmine Sebti
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, Lille, France
| | - Aurore Hebras
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, Lille, France
| | - Benoit Pourcet
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, Lille, France
| | - Bart Staels
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, Lille, France.
| | - Hélène Duez
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, Lille, France
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Obesity and Diet Predict Attitudes towards Health Promotion in Pre-Registered Nurses and Midwives. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182413419. [PMID: 34949025 PMCID: PMC8708316 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182413419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Nurses and midwives are integral to public health promotion; in the UK, they are advised to act as role models by their governing body, but overweight or obesity rates are high. We explored whether obesity and dietary habits are related to attitudes towards healthy role modelling and health promotion practice. A total of 346 pre-registered UK nurses and midwives (92.6% female; 18–53 years) completed an online survey. Items included body composition, dietary habits assessed by the Lifestyle Behaviour Questionnaire (LBQ), attitudes towards being role models for health (RA: role attitudes) and attitudes toward health promotion practice (ATHPP): 33.8% of the sample self-reported as overweight or obese; 67.6% did not consume 5-a-day portions of fruit/veg; 31.5% reported a healthy diet; and 89.6% believed their diet could be healthier. Positive RA was significantly linked to health promotion engagement (HP) (ß = 0.33, p < 0.001). Positive ATHPP was significantly predicted by lower BMI (ß = −0.08, p = 0.078), positive RA (ß = 0.67, p < 0.001), lower HP (ß = −0.25, p < 0.001) and male gender (ß = 0.09, p = 0.02). Greater confidence in patients valuing healthcare professional’s advice was predicted by healthier diet (ß = 0.11, p = 0.03), lower BMI (ß = −0. 16, p < 0.01), more positive RA (ß = 0.14, p < 0.01) as well as HP engagement during training (ß = 0.20, p < 0.01). One’s own motivation to promote health, similarly to ATHPP, was predicted by RA (ß = 0.17, p = 0.001) and previous HP engagement (ß = 0.39, p < 0.001). Findings show that overweight and obesity are prevalent in pre-registered nurses and midwives; the majority did not consume a healthy diet. Individual’s body composition, diet and attitudes towards role modelling are positively associated with their attitudes towards, and confidence in, health promotion practice. Experiences of health promotion practice during training can have either a positive or a negative influence on attitudes. Mentors and educators could actively promote healthy lifestyles for pre-registered nurses and midwives and facilitate more opportunities for health promotion practice during placements, which includes time for reflection.
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Night shift work and the risk of metabolic syndrome: Findings from an 8-year hospital cohort. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0261349. [PMID: 34898652 PMCID: PMC8668137 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Studies concerning the risk of metabolic syndrome associated with night work have shown inconsistent findings, due to imprecise working time data and cross-sectional design. We used register-based daily working time data to examine the risk of incident metabolic syndrome associated with night shift work. Methods Working time data collected between 2010 and 2018 of 5775 Taiwanese hospital workers were used to identify night shift workers and to calculate the number of night shifts. Metabolic syndrome was identified by annual occupational health examination results, which were linked to the working time data. Logistic regression models and generalized estimating equations were used to examine the association between night shift work and metabolic syndrome and the 5 components of metabolic syndrome. Results Night shift work is associated with a higher risk of developing metabolic syndrome (adjusted OR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.04 to 1.78) and high waist circumference (adjusted OR = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.07 to 1.78) compared to day work. Among night shift workers, increased number of night shifts was associated with high blood pressure (adjusted OR = 1.15, 95% CI = 1.01 to 1.31). Conclusions Night shift work is associated with metabolic risk factors. Long-term effects of circadian rhythm disruption on metabolic disturbances needs to be further studied.
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Alcohol Abuse and Insomnia Disorder: Focus on a Group of Night and Day Workers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182413196. [PMID: 34948807 PMCID: PMC8706686 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182413196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The sleep-wake cycle plays a fundamental role in maintaining the physiological balance of our body. Its alteration favours the genesis of several organic alterations and diseases including sleep disorders and the consumption of several substances of abuse. It has been reported that the work activity, especially that carried out during the night, is able to influence the sleep-wake cycle, promoting the development of insomnia, which, in turn, would subject the worker to a stressful condition such as to encourage adverse behaviour such as the use/abuse of psychotropic substances. Based on the above premises, the aim of our research was to evaluate, in night workers: (i) the pattern of consumption of alcoholic beverages; (ii) the presence of insomnia; and (iii) the possible correlation between alcohol consumption and insomnia disorder. We used the AUDIT-C test (the abbreviated version of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test) and the Insomnia Severity Index to assess alcohol consumption and insomnia disorder, respectively. All questionnaires were completed by workers of both sexes belonging to different types of work activities, exclusively day or night. The results of our research show a higher propensity of night workers to consume alcoholic beverages than those who work during daytime hours, often in binge-drinking mode. In addition, an increase in the amount of alcohol consumed was found to be related to insomnia disorder, especially in night workers. This study provides further awareness of the importance of the negative impact of alcohol consumption on sleep quality in night workers.
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35
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Di Lorenzo L, Vimercati L, Pipoli A, Manghisi NM, Lampignano L, Caputi A, De Maria L, Zupo R, De Pergola G. Interplay Between Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Lipid Profile: A Comparative Survey Between Day-Time Healthcare and Non-healthcare Female Workers. Front Public Health 2021; 9:649760. [PMID: 34805058 PMCID: PMC8599123 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.649760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Occupational physicians, as an aspect of the periodic health surveillance of workers prescribed by law, must develop preventive programs against adverse health-related occurrences (Legislative Decree 81/2008, art.25) to reduce major risk factors for non-communicable/chronic diseases. Eating habits play an important role in defining risk trajectories in the workplace. Methods: We randomly and cross-sectionally evaluated 147 females, of which 59 were healthcare workers (HCWs) and 88 were non-HCWs. The assessment included a dietary screening for adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) and a clinical baseline collection of major fluid biomarkers and anthropometric indicators for cardiovascular and metabolic risk. Results: The HCW group exhibited greater adherence to the MD than the non-HCW group. Nevertheless, they showed higher serum levels of triglycerides and total cholesterol. Menopause and type of work significantly and unfavorably affected triglyceride serum levels among HCWs. Conclusion: Greater preventive efforts are needed in the context of periodic health surveillance by occupational physicians. Disseminating additional information on a healthier lifestyle, particularly among female workers of perimenopausal age, is a key issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Di Lorenzo
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine (DIM), Section of Occupational Medicine B. Ramazzini, School of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Luigi Vimercati
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine (DIM), Section of Occupational Medicine B. Ramazzini, School of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonella Pipoli
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine (DIM), Section of Occupational Medicine B. Ramazzini, School of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Mariano Manghisi
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine (DIM), Section of Occupational Medicine B. Ramazzini, School of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Luisa Lampignano
- Population Health Unit, Salus in Apulia Study, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis” Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Caputi
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine (DIM), Section of Occupational Medicine B. Ramazzini, School of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Luigi De Maria
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine (DIM), Section of Occupational Medicine B. Ramazzini, School of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Roberta Zupo
- Population Health Unit, Salus in Apulia Study, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis” Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Giovanni De Pergola
- Population Health Unit, Salus in Apulia Study, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis” Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
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36
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Chang WP, Lin YK. Relationship between rotating shift work and white blood cell count, white blood cell differential count, obesity, and metabolic syndrome of nurses. Chronobiol Int 2021; 39:159-168. [PMID: 34661509 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2021.1989447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the relationship between working rotating shifts and white blood cell (WBC) count, WBC differential count (DC), obesity, and metabolic syndrome of nurses. Samples were obtained from a total of 720 nurses who had received health checkups at a large teaching hospital in Taiwan. Among these nurses, 500 worked rotating shifts, and the remaining 220 nurses worked fixed daytime shifts. We used binary logistic regression to identify the risk factors of obesity or metabolic syndrome. The results indicate that nurses working rotating shifts had a significantly higher WBC count than those working fixed daytime shifts. WBC count was an independent factor relating to an overly large waist circumference or overly high body mass index (BMI) of nurses. For every 103/μL increase in WBC count, the risk of waist circumference exceeding 90 cm and 80 cm respectively in male and female nurses increased by 46%, and for every 103/μL increase in WBC count, the risk of a BMI 24 kg/m2 in nurses increased by 50%. Similarly, WBC count and work type were independent factors influencing the metabolic syndrome of nurses. For every 103/μL increase in WBC count, the risk of metabolic syndrome occurring in nurses increased by 65%. Nurses working rotating shifts were at a 3.34 times greater risk of having metabolic syndrome than those working fixed daytime shifts. The mean age of our participants was 29.54 years old, and only approximately 4% of the participants had metabolic syndrome. Among these nurses, we found that high WBC was correlated with an overly large waist circumference and overly high BMI. Furthermore, the nurses working rotating shifts may have been at greater risk of metabolic syndrome than those working fixed daytime shifts, and increases in WBC were also associated with the occurrence of metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Pei Chang
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Kuang Lin
- Graduate Institute of Athletics and Coaching Science, National Taiwan
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37
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Rodrigues GD, Fiorelli EM, Furlan L, Montano N, Tobaldini E. Obesity and sleep disturbances: The "chicken or the egg" question. Eur J Intern Med 2021; 92:11-16. [PMID: 33994249 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2021.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and sleep disturbances are common conditions in modern societies and accumulating evidence support a close bidirectional causal relationship between these two conditions. Indeed, from one side sleep loss seems to affect energy intake and expenditure through its direct effects on hormone-mediated sensations of satiety and hunger and through the influence on hedonic and psychological aspects of food consumption. Sleep deprived patients have been shown to experiment excessive daytime sleepiness, fatigue, and tiredness that, in a vicious circle, enhances physical inactivity and weight gain. On the other side, obesity is a well-known risk factor for several sleep disorders. This narrative review will discuss the main pathophysiological mechanisms that link sleep loss to obesity and metabolic syndrome with particular attention to the three most common sleep disorders (insomnia, obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome, restless leg syndrome).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Dias Rodrigues
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, 24210-130, Brazil; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa M Fiorelli
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Ludovico Furlan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Montano
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; Department of Internal Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - Eleonora Tobaldini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; Department of Internal Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
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38
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Luo B, Zhou X, Tang Q, Yin Y, Feng G, Li S, Chen L. Circadian rhythms affect bone reconstruction by regulating bone energy metabolism. J Transl Med 2021; 19:410. [PMID: 34579752 PMCID: PMC8477514 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-03068-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolism is one of the most complex cellular biochemical reactions, providing energy and substances for basic activities such as cell growth and proliferation. Early studies have shown that glucose is an important nutrient in osteoblasts. In addition, amino acid metabolism and fat metabolism also play important roles in bone reconstruction. Mammalian circadian clocks regulate the circadian cycles of various physiological functions. In vertebrates, circadian rhythms are mediated by a set of central clock genes: muscle and brain ARNT like-1 (Bmal1), muscle and brain ARNT like-2 (Bmal2), circadian rhythmic motion output cycle stagnates (Clock), cryptochrome 1 (Cry1), cryptochrome2 (Cry2), period 1 (Per1), period 2 (Per2), period 3 (Per3) and neuronal PAS domain protein 2 (Npas2). Negative feedback loops, controlled at both the transcriptional and posttranslational levels, adjust these clock genes in a diurnal manner. According to the results of studies on circadian transcriptomic studies in several tissues, most rhythmic genes are expressed in a tissue-specific manner and are affected by tissue-specific circadian rhythms. The circadian rhythm regulates several activities, including energy metabolism, feeding time, sleeping, and endocrine and immune functions. It has been reported that the circadian rhythms of mammals are closely related to bone metabolism. In this review, we discuss the regulation of the circadian rhythm/circadian clock gene in osteoblasts/osteoclasts and the energy metabolism of bone, and the relationship between circadian rhythm, bone remodeling, and energy metabolism. We also discuss the therapeutic potential of regulating circadian rhythms or changing energy metabolism on bone development/bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Luo
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Qingming Tang
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ying Yin
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Guangxia Feng
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Shue Li
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China. .,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China. .,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China. .,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China. .,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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39
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Yang X, Di W, Zeng Y, Liu D, Han M, Qie R, Huang S, Zhao Y, Feng Y, Hu D, Sun L. Association between shift work and risk of metabolic syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:2792-2799. [PMID: 34332862 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
AIMS A comprehensive assessment of the association of shift work with risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) through a systematic review and meta-analysis has not been reported. We aimed to evaluate the relationship from observational studies. DATA SYNTHESIS We searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases from inception to December 16, 2020. Articles were chosen according to established inclusion criteria. Studies with data on men and women and different types of shift work were treated as independent studies. Relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled by using random-effects models with heterogeneity (I2) > 50%; otherwise, a fixed-effects model was used. A total of 7192 articles was searched from PubMed, Embase and Web of science. Finally, we included 23 articles (38 studies) in this meta-analysis. The pooled RRs and 95% CI of MetS risk with shift work, 1-shift work, 2-shift work, and 3-shift work versus non-shift work were 1.30 (95% CI 1.19-1.41), 0.95 (95% CI 0.82-1.11), 1.19 (95% CI 0.91-1.56) and 1.17 (95% CI 1.00-1.37), respectively. The results from subgroup analyses stratified by sex, age, and region supported our overall findings that shift work is a risk factor for MetS. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis suggests that shift work increases risk of MetS. Higher risk of MetS was found in the shift workers who were 2-shift or 3-shift or women or Asian workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjin Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wencheng Di
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunhong Zeng
- Center for Health Management, Shenzhen Hospital of University of Chinese Academy of Science, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Dechen Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China; Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Minghui Han
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ranran Qie
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengbing Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifei Feng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongsheng Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liang Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China.
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40
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Melatonin Improves Levels of Zn and Cu in the Muscle of Diabetic Obese Rats. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13101535. [PMID: 34683825 PMCID: PMC8539996 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13101535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin improves metabolic alterations associated with obesity and its diabetes (diabesity). We intend to determine whether this improvement is exerted by changing Zn and/or Cu tissue levels in liver, muscle, pancreas, and brain, and in internal (perirenal, perigonadal, and omentum) and subcutaneous lumbar white adipose tissues (IWAT and SWAT, respectively). Male Zücker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats and lean littermates (ZL) were orally supplemented either with melatonin (10 mg/kg body weight/day) or vehicle for 6 weeks. Zn and Cu concentrations were not significantly influenced by diabesity in the analyzed tissues (p > 0.05), with the exception of Zn in liver. In skeletal muscle Zn and Cu, and in perirenal WAT, only Zn levels increased significantly with melatonin supplementation in ZDF rats (p < 0.05). This cytoplasmic Zn enhancement would be probably associated with the upregulation of several Zn influx membrane transporters (Zips) and could explain the amelioration in the glycaemia and insulinaemia by upregulating the Akt and downregulating the inhibitor PTP1B, in obese and diabetic conditions. Enhanced Zn and Cu levels in muscle cells could be related to the reported antioxidant melatonin activity exerted by increasing the Zn, Cu-SOD, and extracellular Cu-SOD activity. In conclusion, melatonin, by increasing the muscle levels of Zn and Cu, joined with our previously reported findings improves glycaemia, insulinaemia, and oxidative stress in this diabesity animal model.
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Kernbach ME, Miller C, Alaasam V, Ferguson S, Francis CD. Introduction to the Symposium: Effects of Light Pollution Across Diverse Natural Systems. Integr Comp Biol 2021; 61:1089-1097. [PMID: 34251459 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icab157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Light pollution, or the presence of artificial light at night (ALAN), is among the fastest growing but least understood anthropogenic stressor on the planet. While historically light pollution has not received attention comparable to climate change or chemical pollution, research over the past several decades has revealed the plethora of negative effects on humans, animals, and supporting ecosystems. As light pollution continues to grow in spatial, spectral, and temporal extent, we recognize the urgent need to understand how this affects circadian physiology, organismal fitness, life history traits and tradeoffs, population trends, and community interactions. Here, we aim to highlight background and foundational evidence of the effects of light pollution to present context and the basis for early light pollution studies. Next, we touch on several understudied topics where research is underway to fill gaps in our knowledge and provide the basis for future research. Last, we focus on questions that are vital to understanding the effects of ALAN on diverse natural systems and discuss the barriers we face conducting research on light pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meredith E Kernbach
- Center for Global Health and Infectious Disease Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612
| | - Colleen Miller
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | | | - Stephen Ferguson
- Department of Biology, College of Wooster, Wooster, OH 44691.,Division of Natural Sciences, St. Norbert College, De Pere, WI 54115
| | - Clinton D Francis
- Department of Biological Sciences, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407.,Communication and Social Behavior Group, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, 82319 Seewiesen, Germany
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Heidary E, Latifi SM, Afshari D. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its associated factors among Iranian steel workers. Work 2021; 68:181-188. [PMID: 33427719 DOI: 10.3233/wor-203367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is composed of a collection of risk factors for heart diseases and diabetes. In recent decades, metabolic syndrome has been identified as one of the important risk factors leading to the development of work-related diseases. OBJECTIVE Since few studies have been conducted on evaluating the prevalence of MetS among Iranian workers, this cross-sectional study aimed at assessing the prevalence of MetS and the factors affecting it among Iranian steel workers. METHODS This study was carried out on 510 employees working in a large steel producing company. The data pertaining to blood pressure, triglycerides, cholesterol, glucose, and demographic information were collected and the Adult Treatment Panel (ATP III) criteria were implemented to diagnose MetS. RESULTS The prevalence of Mets was obtained equal to 13% and a significant positive relationship was observed between age and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. From among MetS elements, low HDL cholesterol and increased waist circumference were recognized as the most and the least frequently involved elements with 39.3% and 6.5% prevalence, respectively. Chi-square test was run and the results showed that the prevalence of MetS and some of its components rose at higher BMI values. It was also indicated that MetS and its components had no significant relationship with shift work. CONCLUSION The current findings revealed that the prevalence of MetS increased with aging. Low HDL and high triglycerides levels were among the main risk factors for MetS. Therefore, considering these risk factors, it should be attempted to develop relevant strategies at workplace to encourage workers to go for a healthier lifestyle so that they can prevent the incidence of MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Heidary
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences,Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahmoud Latifi
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Davood Afshari
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences,Ahvaz, Iran
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Fagundo-Rivera J, Allande-Cussó R, Ortega-Moreno M, García-Iglesias JJ, Romero A, Ruiz-Frutos C, Gómez-Salgado J. Implications of Lifestyle and Occupational Factors on the Risk of Breast Cancer in Shiftwork Nurses. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:649. [PMID: 34070908 PMCID: PMC8228409 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9060649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Shift work that involves circadian disruption has been highlighted as a likely carcinogenic factor for breast cancer in humans. Also, unhealthy lifestyle habits observed in night work nurses could be causally related to an increase in the incidence of estrogen-positive breast tumours in this population. Assessing baseline risk of breast cancer in nurses is essential. The objective of this study was to analyze the risk of breast cancer that nurses had in relation to their lifestyle and labour factors related to shift work. A cross-sectional descriptive study through a questionnaire about sociodemographic variables, self-perception of health, and working life was designed. The sample consisted of 966 nurses. The relationship between variables was tested. A binary logistic regression and a classification and regression tree were performed. The most significant labour variables in relation to the risk of breast cancer were the number of years worked (more than 16 years; p < 0.01; OR = 8.733, 95% CI = 2.811, 27.134) and the total years performing more than 3 nights per month (10 or more years; p < 0.05; OR = 2.294, 95% CI = 1.008, 5.220). Also, the nights worked throughout life (over 500; OR = 4.190, 95% CI = 2.118, 8.287) were significant in the analysis. Nurses who had or ever had breast cancer valued their self-perceived health more negatively (p < 0.001) and referred a lower quality of sleep (p < 0.001) than the non-cases nurses. The occupational factors derived from night work could have several impacts on nurses' health and their family-work balance. Promoting healthy lifestyles, informing about shift work risks, and adjusting shift work schedules are critical methods to decrease the possible effects of circadian disruption in nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Fagundo-Rivera
- Health Sciences Doctorate School, University of Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain;
- Centro Universitario de Enfermería Cruz Roja, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Escola Superior de Saúde, Universidade Atlântica, 2730-036 Barcarena, Portugal
| | | | - Mónica Ortega-Moreno
- Department of Economy, Faculty of Labour Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain;
| | - Juan Jesús García-Iglesias
- Department of Sociology, Social Work and Public Health, Faculty of Labour Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain; (C.R.-F.); (J.G.-S.)
| | - Adolfo Romero
- Nursing and Podiatry Department, Health Sciences School, University of Malaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Carlos Ruiz-Frutos
- Department of Sociology, Social Work and Public Health, Faculty of Labour Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain; (C.R.-F.); (J.G.-S.)
- Safety and Health Postgraduate Programme, Espíritu Santo University, Guayaquil 092301, Ecuador
| | - Juan Gómez-Salgado
- Department of Sociology, Social Work and Public Health, Faculty of Labour Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain; (C.R.-F.); (J.G.-S.)
- Safety and Health Postgraduate Programme, Espíritu Santo University, Guayaquil 092301, Ecuador
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Straat ME, Hogenboom R, Boon MR, Rensen PCN, Kooijman S. Circadian control of brown adipose tissue. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2021; 1866:158961. [PMID: 33933649 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2021.158961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Disruption of circadian (~24 h) rhythms is associated with an increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases. Therefore, unravelling how circadian rhythms are regulated in different metabolic tissues has become a prominent research focus. Of particular interest is brown adipose tissue (BAT), which combusts triglyceride-derived fatty acids and glucose into heat and displays a circannual and diurnal rhythm in its thermogenic activity. In this review, the genetic, neuronal and endocrine generation of these rhythms in BAT is discussed. In addition, the potential risks of disruption or attenuation of these rhythms in BAT, and possible factors influencing these rhythms, are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maaike E Straat
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Rick Hogenboom
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Mariëtte R Boon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Patrick C N Rensen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Sander Kooijman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
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Ravibabu K, Jakkam S, Ravi Prakash J, Adepu VK. Association of industrial work schedules with development of metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, and serum adipokine concentrations. ASIAN BIOMED 2021; 15:69-77. [PMID: 37551404 PMCID: PMC10388744 DOI: 10.2478/abm-2021-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Association of work schedule in industrial workers with the progression of metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, and serum adipokine concentrations is incompletely explored. Objective To determine the association of work schedule with the progression of metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, and adipokine concentrations in industrial workers. Methods In a cross-sectional study design of industrial workers we compared metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, and adipokines concentration between workers in the day shift (n = 52), rotational shift (n = 21), and night shift (n = 15). The international Diabetes Federation criteria were used to diagnose metabolic syndrome. We used a homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Serum insulin, leptin, and adiponectin concentrations were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Serum glucose, triglyceride, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations were monitored using Prietest clinical chemistry reagents. Results The proportional difference in metabolic syndrome (0.31, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.036-0.587, P = 0.026), median difference of leptin (0.61, 95% CI 0.186-1.034, P = 0.005), and leptin-to-adiponectin ratio (LAR; 0.45, 95% CI 0.235-0.665, P < 0.001) was significantly higher, and serum adiponectin was lower (-2.00, 95% CI -4.197 to 0.197, P = 0.07) in the night-shift workers compared with that of day-shift workers. Among rotational-shift workers, the proportional difference between metabolic syndrome (0.14, 95% CI -0.098 to 0.378, P = 0.25), median difference of leptin (0.25, 95% CI -0.124 to 0.624, P = 0.19), and LAR (0.09, 95% CI -0.099 to 0.279, P = 0.35) was higher, and serum adiponectin concentration was lower (-0.73, 95% CI -2.660 to 1.208, P = 0.46) compared with that of day-shift workers; however, the altered differences were not significant. We observed a higher proportion of difference in HOMA-IR in shift workers (night and rotation) than in day-shift workers. Conclusion Night-shift workers are vulnerable to a higher risk of metabolic syndrome, HOMA-IR, and adipokine changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalahasthi Ravibabu
- Department of Biochemistry, Regional Occupational Health Centre (Southern), Indian Council of Medical Research, ICMR Complex, Bengaluru562110, Karnataka, India
| | - Surender Jakkam
- Department of Biochemistry, Regional Occupational Health Centre (Southern), Indian Council of Medical Research, ICMR Complex, Bengaluru562110, Karnataka, India
| | - Jamalpur Ravi Prakash
- Department of Biochemistry, Regional Occupational Health Centre (Southern), Indian Council of Medical Research, ICMR Complex, Bengaluru562110, Karnataka, India
| | - Vinay Kumar Adepu
- Department of Biochemistry, Regional Occupational Health Centre (Southern), Indian Council of Medical Research, ICMR Complex, Bengaluru562110, Karnataka, India
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46
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Light therapy improves diurnal blood pressure control in night shift workers via reduction of catecholamines: the EuRhythDia study. J Hypertens 2021; 39:1678-1688. [PMID: 33710166 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000002848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Night shift work is associated with high rates of hypertension and cardiometabolic disease, which are linked to disrupted circadian rhythms. We hypothesized that timed light therapy might improve disrupted circadian rhythms and stabilize diurnal control of blood pressure and glucose in night shift workers. METHODS We randomized 24 rotating night shift workers (mean age, 36 ± 13 years, 7 men) who had spent a median of 6 years on rotating night shifts (median, six night shifts per month) to 12 weeks of light therapy or no intervention and compared them with 12 daytime workers (37 ± 11 years, 6 men). We measured oral glucose tolerance (OGTT), 24-h blood pressure and arterial stiffness, and the circadian profiles of melatonin, cortisol, metanephrine and nor-metanephrine at baseline, after 12 weeks of intervention, and 12 weeks after the end of intervention. RESULTS At baseline, fewer night shift workers showed dipper status as compared with daytime workers (29 vs. 58%; P < 0.001). After 12 weeks of light therapy, there was a highly significant increase in the proportion of dippers (to 58%; P < 0.0001). We also observed a significant decrease in serum glucose during OGTT in the light therapy group (-22%; P < 0.05) with no change in serum insulin. Whilst circadian profiles of melatonin and cortisol were unchanged, plasma metanephrine and nor-metanephrine levels were significantly reduced in the light therapy group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Timed light therapy improves diurnal blood pressure control and glucose tolerance in rotating night shift workers. This effect is unrelated to melatonin and cortisol but is paralleled by reduced catecholamine levels.
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Wang Y, Yu L, Gao Y, Jiang L, Yuan L, Wang P, Cao Y, Song X, Ge L, Ding G. Association between shift work or long working hours with metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of observational studies. Chronobiol Int 2021; 38:318-333. [PMID: 33557625 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2020.1797763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
This meta-analysis investigates the relationship between both shift work and long working hours and risk of developing metabolic syndrome (MetS). PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases were searched from the outset to December 10, 2019. Two reviewers independently screened studies, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. A total of 36 (30 cross-sectional, 5 cohort, and a nested case-control) studies, involving 274,263 participants, were included. The pooled odds ratio of shift work and development of MetS was 1.35 (95% confidence interval: 1.24-1.48), and the pooled odds ratio of long working hours and development of MetS was 1.19 (95% confidence interval: 0.97-1.46). In the subgroup analysis stratified by gender, the pooled odds ratios for male and female shift workers were 1.25 (95% confidence interval: 1.14-1.37) and 1.47 (95% confidence interval: 1.18-1.82), respectively. The dose-response (number of years of shift work and development of MetS) analysis showed the pooled odds ratio for 5 years of shift work was 1.07 (95% confidence interval: 1.05-1.09) and for 10 years of shift work 1.11 (95% confidence interval: 1.06-1.15). Our meta-analysis confirmed shift work is significantly associated with risk of metabolic syndrome, but the relationship between long working hours and MetS was not substantiated. Additionally, there was a nonlinear dose-response relationship between the number of years of shift work and risk of MetS, showing positive relationship to about 20 years of shift work but not for longer than 20 years. Prospective cohort studies regarding specific shift work schedules are needed to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihui Wang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Administration, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu, China
| | - Li Yu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Administration, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu, China
| | - Yinyan Gao
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Administration, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu, China
| | - Lili Jiang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Administration, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu, China
| | - Lin Yuan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu, China
| | - Pengju Wang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Administration, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu, China
| | - Yanwen Cao
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Administration, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu, China
| | - Xuping Song
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Administration, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu, China
| | - Long Ge
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Administration, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu, China.,Evidence-Based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu, China
| | - Guowu Ding
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Administration, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu, China
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Crowther ME, Ferguson SA, Vincent GE, Reynolds AC. Non-Pharmacological Interventions to Improve Chronic Disease Risk Factors and Sleep in Shift Workers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Clocks Sleep 2021; 3:132-178. [PMID: 33525534 PMCID: PMC7930959 DOI: 10.3390/clockssleep3010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Shift work is associated with adverse chronic health outcomes. Addressing chronic disease risk factors including biomedical risk factors, behavioural risk factors, as well as sleep and perceived health status, affords an opportunity to improve health outcomes in shift workers. The present study aimed to conduct a systematic review, qualitative synthesis, and meta-analysis of non-pharmacological interventions targeting chronic disease risk factors, including sleep, in shift workers. A total of 8465 records were retrieved; 65 publications were eligible for inclusion in qualitative analysis. Random-effects meta-analysis were conducted for eight eligible health outcomes, including a total of thirty-nine studies. Interventions resulted in increased objective sleep duration (Hedges' g = 0.73; CI: 0.36, 1.10, k = 16), improved objective sleep efficiency (Hedges' g = 0.48; CI: 0.20, 0.76, k = 10) and a small increase in both subjective sleep duration (Hedges' g = 0.11; CI: -0.04, 0.27, k = 19) and sleep quality (Hedges' g = 0.11; CI: -0.11, 0.33, k = 21). Interventions also improved perceived health status (Hedges' g = 0.20; CI: -0.05, 0.46, k = 8), decreased systolic (Hedges' g = 0.26; CI: -0.54, 0.02, k = 7) and diastolic (Hedges' g = 0.06; CI: -0.23, 0.36, k = 7) blood pressure, and reduced body mass index (Hedges' g = -0.04; CI: -0.37, 0.29, k = 9). The current study suggests interventions may improve chronic disease risk factors and sleep in shift workers; however, this could only be objectively assessed for a limited number of risk factor endpoints. Future interventions could explore the impact of non-pharmacological interventions on a broader range of chronic disease risk factors to better characterise targets for improved health outcomes in shift workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meagan E Crowther
- The Appleton Institute, CQUniversity, 44 Greenhill Road, Wayville, SA 5034, Australia; (S.AF.); (G.EV.)
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, CQUniversity Australia, Adelaide Campus, Wayville, SA 5034, Australia
| | - Sally A Ferguson
- The Appleton Institute, CQUniversity, 44 Greenhill Road, Wayville, SA 5034, Australia; (S.AF.); (G.EV.)
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, CQUniversity Australia, Adelaide Campus, Wayville, SA 5034, Australia
| | - Grace E Vincent
- The Appleton Institute, CQUniversity, 44 Greenhill Road, Wayville, SA 5034, Australia; (S.AF.); (G.EV.)
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, CQUniversity Australia, Adelaide Campus, Wayville, SA 5034, Australia
| | - Amy C Reynolds
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute (Sleep Health)/Adelaide Institute for Sleep Health (AISH): A Flinders Centre of Research Excellence, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia;
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Khosravipour M, Khanlari P, Khazaie S, Khosravipour H, Khazaie H. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between shift work and metabolic syndrome: The roles of sleep, gender, and type of shift work. Sleep Med Rev 2021; 57:101427. [PMID: 33556868 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2021.101427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the association between shift work and metabolic syndrome (MetS) and quantify the roles of sleep, gender, and type of shift work. We searched online databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science on November 17, 2019. Of the 821 articles identified, 38 observational studies (27 cross-sectional, 10 cohorts, and one nested case-control), conducted on 128,416 participants, met our eligibility criteria. The pooled Odds ratio (OR) and 95% Confidence interval (CI) of MetS in shift-versus day-workers were estimated as 1.14 (1.07, 1.21) and 1.11 (1.06, 1.17) for the unadjusted and adjusted models. This association remained significant only for the studies with a cross-sectional design. There was a significantly higher odds of MetS in the studies conducted only on females (1.13 [1.06, 1.20]) or males (1.12 [1.02, 1.21]). The pooled adjusted OR (95% CI) for the studies without and with sleep adjustment was calculated as 1.14 (1.08, 1.21) and 1.29 (1.06, 1.52). We observed that rotating shift workers had stronger odds of MetS than the other shift workers. In conclusion, our findings revealed the significant odds of an association between shift work and MetS and different effects for sleep, gender, and type of shift work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Khosravipour
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Payam Khanlari
- Student Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Department of Ergonomics, School of Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Sepideh Khazaie
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hadis Khosravipour
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Habibolah Khazaie
- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Bottalico LN, Weljie AM. Cross-species physiological interactions of endocrine disrupting chemicals with the circadian clock. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2021; 301:113650. [PMID: 33166531 PMCID: PMC7993548 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2020.113650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are endocrine-active chemical pollutants that disrupt reproductive, neuroendocrine, cardiovascular and metabolic health across species. The circadian clock is a transcriptional oscillator responsible for entraining 24-hour rhythms of physiology, behavior and metabolism. Extensive bidirectional cross talk exists between circadian and endocrine systems and circadian rhythmicity is present at all levels of endocrine control, from synthesis and release of hormones, to sensitivity of target tissues to hormone action. In mammals, a range of hormones directly alter clock gene expression and circadian physiology via nuclear receptor (NR) binding and subsequent genomic action, modulating physiological processes such as nutrient and energy metabolism, stress response, reproductive physiology and circadian behavioral rhythms. The potential for EDCs to perturb circadian clocks or circadian-driven physiology is not well characterized. For this reason, we explore evidence for parallel endocrine and circadian disruption following EDC exposure across species. In the reviewed studies, EDCs dysregulated core clock and circadian rhythm network gene expression in brain and peripheral organs, and altered circadian reproductive, behavioral and metabolic rhythms. Circadian impacts occurred in parallel to endocrine and metabolic alterations such as impaired fertility and dysregulated metabolic and energetic homeostasis. Further research is warranted to understand the nature of interaction between circadian and endocrine systems in mediating physiological effects of EDC exposure at environmental levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa N Bottalico
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Aalim M Weljie
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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