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Ollé-Espluga L, Vargas-Leguas H, Torrens Mèlich L, Juan Serra M, Arcas MM, Cortès-Franch I. Application of a new municipal management model of Home Care Service in Barcelona: Assessment of workers' labour conditions, health, and well-being. Work 2024:WOR230668. [PMID: 38995754 DOI: 10.3233/wor-230668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2018, Barcelona City Council implemented a pilot phase of an organisational change in the municipal home care service (HCS) system. Inspired in the Buurtzorg model, the new model promotes the creation of self-managing teams operating in a restricted community setting. OBJECTIVE To assess the pilot phase of the new model, focusing on employees' working and employment conditions as well as on their health and well-being outcomes. METHODS Mixed-methods impact evaluation. First, a quantitative evaluation was conducted between October 2018 and October 2020, using a pre-post study design with one pretest and two posttest measurements in an intervention and a comparison group. The intervention group was composed of the members of the work teams implemented in the pilot phase from October 2018 onwards (baseline n = 44). The comparison group consisted of workers from the same districts working under the usual HCS system (baseline n = 72). Next, a qualitative study was conducted in workers from the intervention group in winter 2021-2022 (n = 10). RESULTS The pre-post study results yielded positive changes for the intervention group in social support and autonomy, as well as in many of the employment conditions. This group also experienced increases in psychological demands, painful positions, fatigue and psychological distress. Two main themes affecting workers' well-being emerged from the interviews: factors inherent to the self-management model and external factors. CONCLUSIONS Health and well-being outcomes seem to depend on the balance between job demands, resources, and ways of channelling conflicts within teams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laia Ollé-Espluga
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona (ASPB), Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Pau (IR SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Lluís Torrens Mèlich
- Directorate for Social Innovation, Area of Social Rights, Global Justice, Feminisms and LGTBI, Barcelona City Council, Barcelona, Spain
- Secretary of Social Affairs and Families, Generalitat de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Juan Serra
- Directorate for Social Innovation, Area of Social Rights, Global Justice, Feminisms and LGTBI, Barcelona City Council, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Marta Arcas
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona (ASPB), Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Pau (IR SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain
- Servei de Qualitat, Docència i Recerca, Fundació Sanitària Mollet, Mollet del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Imma Cortès-Franch
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona (ASPB), Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Pau (IR SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
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Ibrahim ME, El-Zoghby SM, Zaghloul NM, Shehata SA, Farghaly RM. Musculoskeletal pain among medical residents: role of workplace safety climate and sexual harassment. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2024; 25:167. [PMID: 38388888 PMCID: PMC10882788 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-024-07272-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Workplace factors are important predictors of occurrence of musculoskeletal pain among different occupational populations. In healthcare, a psychologically unsafe work environment can negatively affect the emotional, physical and psychological well-being of physicians. This study aimed to examine the relationship between workplace violence, sexual harassment and musculoskeletal pain among Egyptian physicians in their years of residency. METHODS We distributed an online self-administered questionnaire to 101 residents working in various healthcare sectors in Egypt. It included sections on demographic data, working conditions, widespread pain index (WPI), pain interference short-form, workplace violence and harassment questionnaire, psychosocial safety climate questionnaire (PSC) and sexual harassment climate questionnaire. RESULTS All residents had at least one painful site on the WPI (range 1-11). The mean WPI was 3.5 ± 2.4, and 39.6% satisfied the criteria of having widespread pain by having at least 4 pain sites. Widespread pain index showed a weak statistically significant negative correlation with workplace PSC score (rho = - 0.272, p = 0.006), and a statistically significant weak positive correlation with the calculated total abuse index (rho = 0.305, p = 0.002). Workplace violence and abuse, as measured by a calculated abuse index was the only significant predictors of widespread pain among residents. CONCLUSION WPV was found to be a predictor of musculoskeletal pain among medical residents. Healthcare organizations need to address WPV by employing preventive strategies to minimize its hazardous effects and ensure a safe working environment for physicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha E Ibrahim
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.
| | - Safaa M El-Zoghby
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Nancy M Zaghloul
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Misr University for Science and Technology, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa A Shehata
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Rasha M Farghaly
- Department of Community, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
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Gherscovici ED, Mayer JM. Relationship of Healthy Building Determinants With Musculoskeletal Disorders of the Extremities: A Systematic Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e37456. [PMID: 37091490 PMCID: PMC10115431 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.37456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are a substantial societal burden and various factors affect their causation, recovery, and prognosis. Management of MSDs is complex and requires multifaceted interventions. Given the challenges of MSDs and their continued burden, it is possible that additional elements could impact these disorders that have not been fully researched, for example, indoor environmental quality. Our previous review provided preliminary evidence that healthy building determinants (HBDs) are associated with the risk of back and neck pain. However, the relationship of HBDs with extremity MSDs and general MSDs (i.e., MSDs involving multiple body regions or in which body regions were unspecified in the original reports) has not been formally studied. The purpose of this review was to conduct a systematic literature review to assess the relationship of HBDs with extremity and general MSDs (PROSPERO ID: CRD42022314832). PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, and PEDRo databases were searched through April 2022. Inclusion criteria for study eligibility were as follows: humans of ages ≥18 years, reported on one or more of eight HBDs (1. air quality and ventilation, 2. dust and pests, 3. lighting and views, 4. moisture, 5. noise, 6. safety and security, 7. thermal health, 8. water quality), and compared these HBDs with extremity MSDs or general MSDs, original research, English. Exclusion criteria were as follows: articles not published in peer-reviewed journals, full-text articles unavailable. Review procedures were conducted and reported in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendations. Empirical evidence statements were developed for 33 pairwise comparisons of HBDs with MSDs. The search uncovered 53 eligible studies with 178,532 participants. A total of 74.6% (39/53) of the studies were cross-sectional and 81.1% (43/53) were fair quality. Overall, the majority of uncovered evidence indicates that HBDs are related to risk of extremity and general MSDs. Nineteen comparisons support that as HBDs worsen, the risk of MSDs increases. Six comparisons had conflicting evidence. Three comparisons support that poor HBDs are not related to increased risk of extremity and general MSDs. Five comparisons had no evidence. This systematic review builds upon previous work to provide useful starting points to enhance awareness about the HBD-MSD relationship. These findings can help inform research and public health efforts aimed at addressing suboptimal HBDs through appropriate interventions to improve the lives of those suffering from MSDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John M Mayer
- Research and Development, Healthy Buildings LLC, Malibu, USA
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4
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Garza JL, Cavallari JM, Cherniack MG. Associations between observed time sitting at work and musculoskeletal symptoms: a repeated-measures study of manufacturing workers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND ERGONOMICS 2023; 29:329-334. [PMID: 35238284 DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2022.2043638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Time sitting at work is known to affect health overall, but its specific effects on musculoskeletal symptoms are unclear. We evaluated the relationship between observed time sitting at work and self-reported musculoskeletal symptoms among 195 manufacturing workers. Longer time sitting at work was significantly associated with lower prevalence of neck/shoulder (prevalence ratio [PR] = 0.70, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.68, 0.72]; p < 0.001) and arm/wrist/hand (PR = 0.46, 95% CI [0.31, 0.69]; p < 0.001) musculoskeletal symptoms. Associations remained largely unchanged after adjusting for job type or occupational postures and load. Time sitting at work was associated with musculoskeletal symptoms, and should be taken into consideration as part of interventions to prevent musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and promote health of manufacturing workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Garza
- Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, USA
| | - J M Cavallari
- Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, USA.,Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, USA
| | - M G Cherniack
- Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, USA
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Khanagar SB, Aldawas I, Almutairi A, Alamro M, Altammami N, Aldakhil S, Hodan S. Dental Students' Experience, Impact, and Response to Patient Aggression in Saudi Arabia: A Nationwide Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:2239. [PMID: 36360580 PMCID: PMC9690685 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10112239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Patient aggression and violence comprise a wide range of behaviors and actions that may include verbal aggression and physical aggression. The aim of this study is to report dental students' experience with, impact from, and response to patient aggression in Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among dental students from various health universities representing each region of Saudi Arabia. Data were collected using a self-administered, structured and validated questionnaire. A total of 375 participants responded to the questionnaire and 121 (32.3%) study participants reported experiencing patient aggression. Out of those, 91 (75.21%) experienced patients displaying anger or raising their voice toward them, 37 (30.58%) reported being insulted by a patient, 22 (18.18%) reported being threatened, 12 (6.2%) had experienced sexual harassment, and 65 (50.41%) had experienced verbal harassment. Furthermore, 91 (75.21%) participants reported being abandoned by patients because they were students. A total of 55 (45.45%) participants stated that aggressive patient behavior had an impact on their clinical performance, and 44 (36.36%) considered themselves stressed out. A total of 24 (19.83%) participants took time off due to incidents and 22 (18.18%) thought about quitting dentistry. Prevalence of patient aggression was significant among dental students in Saudi Arabia. These episodes of patient aggression negatively impacted students' academic performance and wellbeing, necessitating urgent attention. Educational institutions should conduct periodic workshops for students in order to address these issues. Policymakers should develop better policies in order to reduce violence and aggression against health care providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev B. Khanagar
- Preventive Dental Science Department, College of Dentistry, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
- College of Public Health, Texila American University, Georgetown 413741, Guyana
| | - Ibrahim Aldawas
- College of Dentistry, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Almutairi
- College of Dentistry, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alamro
- College of Dentistry, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif Altammami
- College of Dentistry, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Aldakhil
- College of Dentistry, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suliman Hodan
- College of Dentistry, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
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Habib RR, Katrib RS, Katrib FS, Abi Younes E, Ziadee M, Al Barathie J. Mistreatment at work and musculoskeletal pain in male and female working Syrian refugee children. ERGONOMICS 2022; 65:1469-1476. [PMID: 35348432 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2022.2051610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Since the Syrian war in 2011, Syrian refugees in Lebanon have continued to experience socioeconomic deprivation, resorting many families to child labour as a form of survival. Adopting a gender-sensitive analysis, this study explores the relationship between psychosocial adversities and musculoskeletal pain among male and female Syrian refugee children in Lebanon, using data from a cross-sectional survey of working Syrian refugee children between 8 and 18 years in informal tented settlements in the Bekaa Valley of Lebanon. The majority of working children (4090) worked in agriculture (75.8%). Of the children who experienced musculoskeletal pain, 27.4% worked despite severe pain, three-quarters of the children worked under time pressure, over a third (37.4%) were physically abused at work, and the majority (95.8%) had a good relationship with their co-workers. Logistic regression models revealed a significant association between exposure to psychosocial stressors at work and musculoskeletal pain among male and female children.Practitioner summary: This study is the first to obtain direct testimony on musculoskeletal pain and psychosocial risk factors, among Syrian refugee children in Lebanon. Using a gender-sensitive analysis, the survey results demonstrated associations between exposure to psychosocial stressors and musculoskeletal pain among male/female Syrian refugee children enduring strenuous working conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rima R Habib
- Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Reem S Katrib
- Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Farah S Katrib
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Elio Abi Younes
- Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Micheline Ziadee
- Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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7
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Blanchard M, Somme D, Charras K, Corvol A. Caregivers facing violence in long-term care setting: A cross analysis of incident reports and caregivers speech. J Nurs Manag 2022; 30:1768-1776. [PMID: 35476219 PMCID: PMC9790201 DOI: 10.1111/jonm.13651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Workplace violence is frequent, especially in long-term care, but often unreported. AIMS The aim of this study is to identify workers experiences and coping strategies when they face physical aggression from residents and assess the value of incident reports for violence follow-up. METHODS This mixed method study is based on incident reports collected over 3 years from two different long-term care geriatric facilities in France and thematic analysis of 20 semi-structured interviews of nurses and nursing assistants. RESULTS The reported frequencies of physical aggression among respondents range from none to daily aggression. Only 76 incident reports were submitted. Aggressions were under-reported by caregivers who often felt guilty for not having avoided them. Coping strategies included banalization and seeking support from colleagues. Incident reports can constitute a warning signal for the management team but are not a reliable tool for workplace violence follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Our study emphasizes the complexity of workplace violence prevention in long-lerm care settings. Proposals can be formulated to train and support caregivers, but a shift from a task-oriented organisation to a patient-centred approach seems necessary to reduce violence. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT Situations to be reported should be better defined, aggression reporting encouraged and judgmental attitudes toward reports discouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dominique Somme
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Living Lab Vieillissement et VulnérabilitésRennesFrance,Univ Rennes, CNRS, CHU Rennes, ARENES ‐ UMR 6051, INSERM, CIC 1414RennesFrance
| | - Kevin Charras
- Living Lab Aging and vulnerabilityCHU RennesRennesFrance
| | - Aline Corvol
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, CHU Rennes, ARENES ‐ UMR 6051, INSERM, CIC 1414RennesFrance,Univ Rennes, CNRS, Inserm, CIC 1414, Arènes ‐ UMR 6051, RSMS – U 1309RennesFrance
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Laal F, Mohammadian F, Khoshakhlagh A, Madvari RF, Dehghan SF, Pordanjani SR. Effect of anthropometric and demographic factors on musculoskeletal disorders in nurses’ aides. Work 2022; 72:1205-1213. [DOI: 10.3233/wor-210027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Nurses’ aides usually face various stressors, making them prone to musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). OBJECTIVE: This study evaluates the effect of ergonomic and anthropometric indices, postural risk, and demographic variables on MSDs in nurses’ aides. METHODS: Demographic variables, anthropometric dimensions, postural risk level (RL), and related percentiles of 75 nurses’ aides were examined using Quick Exposure Check (QEC) software, caliper, and body map questionnaire. Pearson correlation coefficient, univariate and multivariate tests were used to analyze the data. RESULTS: The results showed that the RL of QEC in both groups of males and females was 73.67±22.34 (RL = 4) and 65.34±18.38 (RL = 3), respectively. The level of MSDs in the lumbar, thigh, and leg areas was higher than in other areas. Also, increasing age and work experience, and BMI were significantly associated with increasing disorders in the hands, wrists, and shoulders, respectively (P < 0.05). The results showed that an increase in some anthropometric indices such as body height, buttock, knee, popliteal height, abdomen depth, standing grip access limit, sitting grip access limit increased disorders in the hands and wrists. Also, MSDs were predicted in different areas of the nurses’ aides’ bodies using regression models, which was significant in the hands, wrists, elbows, legs, and shoulders (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that there was a significant difference between male and female nurses in most aspects of anthropometry and the risk level of QEC. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to anthropometric dimensions, and demographic diversity to design tools and workstations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereydoon Laal
- Student Research Committee, Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, School of Public Health & Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Farough Mohammadian
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Environmental Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Khoshakhlagh
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Rohollah Fallah Madvari
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Somayeh Farhang Dehghan
- Environmental and Occupational Hazards Control Research Center, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajjad Rahimi Pordanjani
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Jaegers LA, El Ghaziri M, Katz IM, Ellison JM, Vaughn MG, Cherniack MG. Critical incident exposure among custody and noncustody correctional workers: Prevalence and impact of violent exposure to work-related trauma. Am J Ind Med 2022; 65:500-511. [PMID: 35383425 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.23353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Correctional workers are at high risk for exposure to trauma, both as direct violence and as threats to their safety and well-being. The distress associated with these critical incidents (CIs) affects mental and physical health. Current tools are limited for detecting CIs in this workforce and are therefore insufficient for addressing correctional worker trauma. METHODS Community prison employees (N = 105) self-reported CIs using the adapted Correctional Worker Critical Incident Survey (CWCIS). We examined: (1) prevalence of CIs and occurrences, (2) differences in exposures to CIs by custody and noncustody staff, and (3) differences in job satisfaction, posttraumatic stress (PTSD), lower back disease, and health behaviors, such as missed work and sleep. RESULTS CIs occurred among most staff (59%) and more often for custody staff as compared to noncustody staff. CIs most often experienced were coworker injury, exposure to disease, and badly beaten adults (frequency 10-50). For the 1-9 frequency category, the most described events were: seeing someone dying, life threatened, and coworker injury. PTSD was identified in 44% of staff, and those who experienced CIs reported lower job satisfaction, greater feelings of PTSD, and more work absences than those not experiencing CIs (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS CIs and PTSD are prevalent among custody and noncustody correctional workers; and job dissatisfaction, PTSD, and work absence are significantly worse for those who experienced CIs. The CWCIS detected CIs; future study is needed to inform trauma prevention, reduction, and rehabilitation interventions specific to correctional work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A. Jaegers
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Doisy College of Health Sciences Saint Louis University St. Louis Missouri USA
- School of Social Work, College for Public Health and Social Justice Saint Louis University St. Louis Missouri USA
| | - Mazen El Ghaziri
- Susan and Alan Solomont School of Nursing University of Massachusetts Lowell Lowell Massachusetts USA
| | - Ian M. Katz
- Department of Psychology, College of Sciences Old Dominion University Norfolk Virginia USA
| | - Jared M. Ellison
- Department of Sociology and Criminal Justice, College of Arts and Letters Old Dominion University Norfolk Virginia USA
| | - Michael G. Vaughn
- School of Social Work, College for Public Health and Social Justice Saint Louis University St. Louis Missouri USA
| | - Martin G. Cherniack
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine University of Connecticut Health Center Farmington Connecticut USA
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Karstad K, Rasmussen CDN, Rasmussen CL, Rugulies R, Søgaard K, Burdorf A, Holtermann A. The influence of organizational factors, eldercare worker characteristics and care situation on the use of assistive devices during resident handling in eldercare work. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2022; 98:103533. [PMID: 34419784 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2021.103533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated the influence of organization, eldercare worker and care situation on the use of assistive devices during resident handling in eldercare work. We conducted a multi-level study among 20 nursing homes, 126 wards within the nursing homes, 549 eldercare workers within the wards, who performed a total of 1306 care episodes including 3695 resident handlings. The influence of organization (i.e. nursing home and ward), eldercare worker and care situation (i.e. care episode and resident handling) on the use of assistive devices was evaluated using variance components analysis and multivariate generalized linear mixed model. Nursing homes, wards, eldercare workers, care episodes and 'within care episode' all contributed to the total variance in use of assistive devices. Organizational factors and care situation factors were significantly associated with use of assistive devices. All levels of the nursing homes, but in particular care situation, influence the use of assistive devices during resident handling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Karstad
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NRCWE), Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
| | - Charlotte D N Rasmussen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NRCWE), Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Charlotte Lund Rasmussen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NRCWE), Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Reiner Rugulies
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NRCWE), Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark; Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, 1014, Copenhagen K, Denmark; Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 2A, 1353, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Karen Søgaard
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense M, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Alex Burdorf
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Andreas Holtermann
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NRCWE), Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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Tomioka K, Shima M, Saeki K. Occupational status and self-reported low back pain by gender: a nation-wide cross-sectional study among the general population in Japan. Environ Health Prev Med 2021; 26:111. [PMID: 34798806 PMCID: PMC8603561 DOI: 10.1186/s12199-021-01031-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We aimed to examine the cross-sectional association between occupational class and self-reported low back pain (LBP) in a representative sample of the Japanese general population. Methods We used anonymized data from a nationwide survey (31,443 men and 35,870 women aged ≥ 20). Occupational class variables included working status, occupation, employment status, and company size (number of employees). Covariates included age, socio-economic status, lifestyle, and comorbidities. Poisson regression models stratified by gender were used to estimate adjusted prevalence ratio (APR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for self-reported LBP. Results The prevalence of self-reported LBP was 11.7% in men and 14.2% in women. After adjustment for covariates and mutual adjustment for all occupational class variables, among both genders, agricultural/forestry/fishery workers and non-workers had a significantly higher prevalence of self-reported LBP: APR (95% CI) of agricultural/forestry/fishery was 1.36 (1.08–1.70) in men and 1.59 (1.30–1.93) in women; that of non-workers was 1.42 (1.18–1.70) in men and 1.23 (1.08–1.40) in women. Among men, non-regular employees were more likely to have self-reported LBP than regular employees: APR (95% CI) was 1.25 (1.07–1.46) in part-timers and casual staff and 1.18 (1.03–1.35) in other types of non-regular employees. Moreover, compared to men working at companies with ≥ 100 employees, men working at companies with 30–99 employees had a significantly higher prevalence of self-reported LBP (APR 1.17; 95% CI, 1.03–1.34). Among women, professionals and technicians (1.26; 1.11–1.43) and sales workers (1.22; 1.04–1.43) had a significantly higher prevalence of self-reported LBP than clerks. Neither employment status nor company size was associated with self-reported LBP in women. After stratified analyses by age group, similar patterns were observed in participants aged 20–64, but not in those aged ≥ 65. Conclusion Our results suggest that self-reported LBP is highly prevalent among agricultural/forestry/fishery workers and the unemployed, regardless of gender, and that there are also gender differences in the association of occupational class factors with self-reported LBP. It is necessary, therefore, to take preventive measures against LBP based on gender and occupational class factors in Japan. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12199-021-01031-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimiko Tomioka
- Nara Prefectural Health Research Center, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan.
| | - Midori Shima
- Nara Prefectural Health Research Center, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Keigo Saeki
- Nara Prefectural Health Research Center, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
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Galinsky T, Deter L, Krieg E, Feng HA, Battaglia C, Bell R, Haddock KS, Hilton T, Lynch C, Matz M, Moscatel S, Riley FD, Sampsel D, Shaw S. Safe patient handling and mobility (SPHM) for increasingly bariatric patient populations: Factors related to caregivers' self-reported pain and injury. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2021; 91:103300. [PMID: 33190057 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2020.103300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted at 5 Veterans Administration Medical Centers (VAMCs). A cross sectional survey was administered to 134 workers who routinely lift and mobilize patients within their workplaces' safe patient handling and mobility (SPHM) programs, which are mandated in all VAMCs. The survey was used to examine a comprehensive list of SPHM and non-SPHM variables, and their associations with self-reported musculoskeletal injury and pain. Previously unstudied variables distinguished between "bariatric" (≥300 lb or 136 kg) and "non-bariatric" (<300 lb or 136 kg) patient handling. Significant findings from stepwise and logistic regression provide targets for workplace improvements, predicting: lower injury odds with more frequently having sufficient time to use equipment, higher back pain odds with more frequent bariatric handling, lower back pain odds with greater ease in following SPHM policies, and lower odds of upper extremity pain with more bariatric equipment, and with higher safety climate ratings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Traci Galinsky
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), USA.
| | | | - Edward Krieg
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), USA
| | - H Amy Feng
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mary Matz
- Veterans Health Administration, USA; Patient Care Ergonomic Solutions, USA
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13
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Garza JL, Ferguson JM, Dugan AG, Decker RE, Laguerre RA, Suleiman AO, Cavallari JM. Investigating the relationship between working time characteristics on musculoskeletal symptoms: a cross sectional study. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 2020; 77:141-148. [PMID: 33337287 DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2020.1860878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
How working hours are organized can have a substantial effect on workers' health. Using a questionnaire and cross-sectional study design, we evaluated the relationship between working time characteristics, job demands, and health behaviors on musculoskeletal symptoms among 316 Department of Transportation (N = 174) and Department of Corrections (N = 142) workers. Low schedule control was associated with neck/shoulder musculoskeletal symptoms (prevalence ratio: 1.20, 95% confidence interval: 1.06-1.34, p < 0.01), and working long (>48 hours per week) hours more frequently was associated with leg/foot musculoskeletal symptoms (prevalence ratio: 1.26 95% confidence interval: 1.06-1.50, p = 0.02). Some working time characteristics were associated with musculoskeletal symptoms, and should be taken into consideration as part of interventions to prevent musculoskeletal disorders and promote health of workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Garza
- Department of Medicine, The University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Jacqueline M Ferguson
- Stanford Center for Population Health Sciences, University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Alicia G Dugan
- Department of Medicine, The University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Ragan E Decker
- Department of Psychology Sciences,University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Rick A Laguerre
- Department of Psychology Sciences,University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Adekemi O Suleiman
- Department of Public Health Sciences, The University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Jennifer M Cavallari
- Department of Medicine, The University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, The University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
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14
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Pelto-Piri V, Warg LE, Kjellin L. Violence and aggression in psychiatric inpatient care in Sweden: a critical incident technique analysis of staff descriptions. BMC Health Serv Res 2020; 20:362. [PMID: 32336265 PMCID: PMC7184692 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-020-05239-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Violence towards staff working in psychiatric inpatient care is a serious problem. The aim of the present study was to explore staff perspectives of serious violent incidents involving psychiatric inpatients through the following research questions: Which factors contributed to violent incidents, according to staff? How do staff describe their actions and experiences during and after violent incidents? METHODS We collected data via a questionnaire with open-ended questions, and captured 283 incidents reported by 181 staff members from 10 inpatient psychiatric wards in four different regions. We used the Critical Incident Technique to analyse the material. Our structural analysis started by structuring extracts from the critical incidents into descriptions, which were grouped into three chronological units of analyses: before the incident, during the incident and after the incident. Thereafter, we categorised all descriptions into subcategories, categories and main areas. RESULTS Staff members often attributed aggression and violence to internal patient factors rather than situational/relational or organisational factors. The descriptions of violent acts included verbal threats, serious assault and death threats. In addition to coercive measures and removal of patients from the ward, staff often dealt with these incidents using other active measures rather than passive defence or de-escalation. The main effects of violent incidents on staff were psychological and emotional. After violent incidents, staff had to continue caring for patients, and colleagues provided support. Support from managers was reported more rarely and staff expressed some dissatisfaction with the management. CONCLUSIONS As a primary prevention effort, it is important to raise awareness that external factors (organisational, situational and relational) are important causes of violence and may be easier to modify than internal patient factors. A secondary prevention approach could be to improve staff competence in the use of de-escalation techniques. An important tertiary prevention measure would be for management to follow up with staff regularly after violent incidents and to increase psychological support in such situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veikko Pelto-Piri
- University Health Care Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
| | - Lars-Erik Warg
- School of Law, Psychology and Social Work, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Lars Kjellin
- University Health Care Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
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15
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Magnavita N, Di Stasio E, Capitanelli I, Lops EA, Chirico F, Garbarino S. Sleep Problems and Workplace Violence: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:997. [PMID: 31632231 PMCID: PMC6779772 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This systematic review with meta-analysis was carried out to study the relationship between workplace violence and sleep problems. Methods: The PRISMA statement was used to conduct a systematic search of the literature on PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Sociological abstract, DOAJ, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases. Of the original number of 749 studies, 34 were included in the systematic review, and 7 in the meta-analysis. Results: A total of 119,361 participants from 15 different countries took part in these studies which were published between 1999 and 2019. Significant heterogeneity was observed among the studies (I2 = 96%). In a random-effects meta-analysis model, pooled odds ratio (OR) analysis revealed that there was a direct relationship between occupational exposure to violence and sleep problems (OR = 2.55; 95% CI = 1.77–3.66). According to the GRADE guidelines, the quality of evidence of the association was low. Conclusions: The findings of this study demonstrate that occupational exposure to physical, verbal, or sexual violence is associated with sleep problems. Further research on the relationship between violence and sleep is needed so that appropriate measures can be taken to prevent violence and improve sleep hygiene in the workplace. Trial Registration Number: PROSPERO International prospective register of systematic reviews (CRD42019124903) February 9, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Magnavita
- Post-graduate School in Occupational Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Department of Women/Child & Public Health, Gemelli General Hospital Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Di Stasio
- Post-graduate School in Occupational Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Department of Women/Child & Public Health, Gemelli General Hospital Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Capitanelli
- Post-graduate School in Occupational Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Erika Alessandra Lops
- Post-graduate School in Occupational Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Chirico
- Post-graduate School in Occupational Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Garbarino
- Post-graduate School in Occupational Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Mother and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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Otto AK, Bischoff LL, Wollesen B. Work-Related Burdens and Requirements for Health Promotion Programs for Nursing Staff in Different Care Settings: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16193586. [PMID: 31557855 PMCID: PMC6801967 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16193586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Nursing staff in all settings have multiple work-related problems due to patient handling and occupational stressors, which result in high stress levels and low back pain. In this context the importance of health promotion becomes apparent. The aim of this study is to analyse whether nursing staff (in elderly care, hospitals, home care, or trainees) show different levels of work-related burdens and whether they require individualized components in health promotion programs. N = 242 German nurses were included in a quantitative survey (Health survey, Screening Scale (SSCS) of Trier Inventory for Chronic Stress, Slesina). The differences were tested using Chi2-Tests, Kruskal–Wallis Test and one-way ANOVA. Nurses differed in stress loads and were chronically stressed (F(3236) = 5.775, p = 0.001). Nurses in home care showed the highest SSCS-values with time pressure as the most important straining factor. The physical strains also placed a particular burden on nurses in home care, whereas they still reported higher physical well-being in contrast to nurses in elderly care (Chi2 = 24.734, p < 0.001). Nurses in elderly care and home care preferred strength training whereas nurses in hospitals and trainees favoured endurance training. Targeted programs are desirable for the reduction of work-related burdens. While nurses in elderly care and home care need a combination of ergonomic and strength training, all nurses require additional stress management. Planning should take into account barriers like perceived additional time consumption. Therefore, health promotion programs for all settings should be implemented during working time at the work setting and should consider the working schedule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Kathrin Otto
- Institute of Human Movement Science, University of Hamburg, 20148 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Laura L Bischoff
- Institute of Human Movement Science, University of Hamburg, 20148 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Bettina Wollesen
- Institute of Human Movement Science, University of Hamburg, 20148 Hamburg, Germany.
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Correlates of a Recent History of Disabling Low Back Pain in Community-dwelling Older Persons: The Pain in the Elderly (PAINEL) Study. Clin J Pain 2019; 34:515-524. [PMID: 29077624 DOI: 10.1097/ajp.0000000000000564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the correlates of a recent history of disabling low back pain (LBP) in older persons. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Pain in the Elderly (PAINEL) Study was derived from the Frailty among Brazilian Older Adults (FIBRA) Network Study. Data were collected through face-to-face/telephone interviews and clinical examination. A series of logistic regressions assessed associations between a recent history of disabling LBP and sociodemographic, physical/lifestyle, and psychological factors. RESULTS Of the 378 community-dwelling elders included in the study (age±SD, 75.5±6.1), 9.3% experienced LBP that was bad enough to limit or change their daily activities during the past year. Those reporting a recent history of disabling LBP were more likely to be women and under financial strain, to present poor self-rated health, overweight, multimorbidity, low physical activity level, fatigue, depressive symptomatology/diagnosis and fear beliefs, and to report decreased sleep time, prolonged sitting time, chronic pain (in location other than lower back), and frequently recurring LBP. The multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that overweight (odds ratio [OR], 29.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.3-391.0), low physical activity level (OR, 4.4; 95% CI, 1.3-15.4), fatigue (OR, 10.3; 95% CI, 2.4-43.4), depression diagnosis (OR, 4.9; 95% CI, 1.3-18.4), and frequently recurring LBP (OR, 4.6; 95% CI, 1.0-20.1) were independently associated with a recent history of disabling LBP. DISCUSSION Our study supports the link between disabling LBP and other age-related chronic conditions in a middle-income country with a rapidly aging population.
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Kotejoshyer R, Punnett L, Dybel G, Buchholz B. Claim Costs, Musculoskeletal Health, and Work Exposure in Physical Therapists, Occupational Therapists, Physical Therapist Assistants, and Occupational Therapist Assistants: A Comparison Among Long-Term Care Jobs. Phys Ther 2019; 99:183-193. [PMID: 31222334 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzy137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient/resident-handling tasks are physically demanding and associated with musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among nursing personnel. The routine performance of such tasks by physical therapists and occupational therapists during treatment can cause similar problems. OBJECTIVE This study characterized the magnitude of MSDs and the risk factors for MSDs in physical therapists, occupational therapists, physical therapist assistants, and occupational therapist assistants (collectively called "therapy personnel" for this study) and compared them with those of other nursing home workers, especially nursing staff. DESIGN This was a cross-sectional study. METHODS Workers' compensation claim (WCC) data from 1 year of experience in a long-term care company were used to compute claim rates by body region, nature, and cause of injury, and the costs per case and per full-time-equivalent employee. Data regarding musculoskeletal symptoms, use of patient/resident-lifting equipment, and perceived physical and psychological job demands were obtained from a concurrent cross-sectional survey of workers from 24 long-term care facilities. RESULTS About 80% of the WCCs were related to musculoskeletal incidents in nursing aides and therapy personnel. WCC costs paid per case for therapy personnel were more than twice those for nursing staff for both ergonomic and resident-handling incidents. Prevalence of low back pain in therapy personnel was the same as in nursing aides (48%) but involved more chronic, milder pain. About half of therapy personnel reported "never" or "rarely" using patient/resident-lifting equipment. Therapy personnel, nursing aides, and housekeeping/dietary/maintenance personnel reported the highest physical job demands. LIMITATIONS Causal inference cannot be determined due to the cross-sectional nature of the survey data. Study findings are relevant only to therapy work in long-term care settings because exposures vary in other health care settings (hospitals, outpatient, and others). CONCLUSIONS MSD prevalence and claim costs in therapy personnel are high enough to deserve more attention. The low use of patient/resident-lifting equipment in therapy could increase the risk for MSDs. Future studies with comprehensive ergonomic analysis of therapist tasks and recommendations to reduce injuries are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajashree Kotejoshyer
- Department of Work Environment, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854 (USA)
| | - Laura Punnett
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Work Environment, University of Massachusetts Lowell
| | - Gerard Dybel
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Massachusetts Lowell
| | - Bryan Buchholz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Work Environment, University of Massachusetts Lowell
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Gold JE, Kurowski A, Gore RJ, Punnett L. Knee pain in nursing home workers after implementation of a safe resident handling program. Am J Ind Med 2018; 61:849-860. [PMID: 30156000 PMCID: PMC6430608 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.22902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Approximately 25-30% of nursing personnel experience knee pain (KP). We sought to identify physical and psychosocial work exposures, and personal factors related to prevalent, incident, and persistent KP 5-8 years after safe resident handing program (SRHP) implementation in nursing homes. METHODS Health and exposure information was obtained from worker surveys 5-6 years ("F5") and 7-8 years ("F6") post-SRHP implementation. Prevalent KP correlates were examined at F5; persistent and incident KP predictors were analyzed at F6, utilizing robust Poisson multivariable regression. RESULTS F5 KP prevalence (19.7%) was associated with combined physical exposures, and with either high job strain or low social support, in separate models. Two-year persistent KP was similarly associated with these psychosocial exposures. Being overweight was associated with KP in all analyses. CONCLUSIONS The SRHP program did not eliminate knee physical loading, which should be reduced to prevent nursing home worker KP. Workplace psychosocial exposures (high job strain, low social support) also appeared germane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith E. Gold
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden
- Gold Standard Research Consulting, Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania
| | - Alicia Kurowski
- Center for the Promotion of Health in the New England Workplace, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts
| | - Rebecca J. Gore
- Center for the Promotion of Health in the New England Workplace, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts
| | - ProCare Research Team
- Center for the Promotion of Health in the New England Workplace, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts
| | - Laura Punnett
- Center for the Promotion of Health in the New England Workplace, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts
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20
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Hylén U, Kjellin L, Pelto-Piri V, Warg LE. Psychosocial work environment within psychiatric inpatient care in Sweden: Violence, stress, and value incongruence among nursing staff. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2018; 27:1086-1098. [PMID: 29193626 DOI: 10.1111/inm.12421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ulrika Hylén
- University Health Care Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Lars Kjellin
- University Health Care Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Veikko Pelto-Piri
- University Health Care Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Lars-Erik Warg
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Law, Psychology and Social Work, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
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21
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Karstad K, Rugulies R, Skotte J, Munch PK, Greiner BA, Burdorf A, Søgaard K, Holtermann A. Inter-rater reliability of direct observations of the physical and psychosocial working conditions in eldercare: An evaluation in the DOSES project. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2018; 69:93-103. [PMID: 29477334 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to develop and evaluate the reliability of the "Danish observational study of eldercare work and musculoskeletal disorders" (DOSES) observation instrument to assess physical and psychosocial risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) in eldercare work. During 1.5 years, sixteen raters conducted 117 inter-rater observations from 11 nursing homes. Reliability was evaluated using percent agreement and Gwet's AC1 coefficient. Of the 18 examined items, inter-rater reliability was excellent for 7 items (AC1>0.75) fair to good for 7 items (AC1 0.40-0.75) and poor for 2 items (AC1 0-0.40). For 2 items there was no agreement between the raters (AC1 <0). The reliability did not differ between the first and second half of the data collection period and the inter-rater observations were representative regarding occurrence of events in eldercare work. The instrument is appropriate for assessing physical and psychosocial risk factors for MSD among eldercare workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Karstad
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NRCWE), Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark; Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark.
| | - Reiner Rugulies
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NRCWE), Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark; Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, 1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark; Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 2A, 1353 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Jørgen Skotte
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NRCWE), Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Pernille Kold Munch
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NRCWE), Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Birgit A Greiner
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Western Road, Cork, Ireland
| | - Alex Burdorf
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Karen Søgaard
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Winsløwparken 19, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | - Andreas Holtermann
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NRCWE), Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark; Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
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22
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Karstad K, Jørgensen AFB, Greiner BA, Burdorf A, Søgaard K, Rugulies R, Holtermann A. Danish Observational Study of Eldercare work and musculoskeletal disorderS (DOSES): a prospective study at 20 nursing homes in Denmark. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e019670. [PMID: 29490965 PMCID: PMC5855299 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), sickness absence and premature retirement are highly prevalent among eldercare workers. We conducted a prospective observational workplace study with the main purpose to investigate longitudinal associations between physical and psychosocial working conditions and occurrence of MSD and its consequences (pain-related interference with daily work activities and sickness absence) among Danish eldercare workers. PARTICIPANTS At 20 Danish nursing homes, a total of 941 eldercare workers employed in day and evening shifts were invited to the study. Of those, 553 participated in the baseline measurements, and 441 completed the total period of 12 months follow-up. FINDINGS TO DATE Data were collected from September 2013 to January 2016. Physical and psychosocial working conditions were assessed with multiple methods (observations, accelerometer measurements and work schedules), and multiple levels of information (nursing home, ward, resident and eldercare worker) were incorporated in the data collection. MSD and the consequences hereof were assessed monthly during a 1-year follow-up. Study participants and non-participants were comparable on most of the 27 sociodemographic, health and working condition characteristics at baseline. The exceptions were higher neck-shoulder pain intensity, less sickness absence, more exposure to negative behaviour from residents and a higher percentage of working day shifts and fewer evening shifts among participants compared with non-participants. FUTURE PLANS The first publications will report on the associations of physical and psychosocial working conditions with occurrence of MSD and its consequences. In addition, the cohort gives the opportunity to investigate the importance of organisational, management and team factors for distribution of physical work demands and development of MSD among the workers. This will provide important knowledge for future workplace interventions to reduce MSD and sickness absence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Karstad
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NRCWE), Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Anette F B Jørgensen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NRCWE), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Alex Burdorf
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Karen Søgaard
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Reiner Rugulies
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NRCWE), Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas Holtermann
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NRCWE), Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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23
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Boakye-Dankwa E, Teeple E, Gore R, Punnett L. Associations Among Health Care Workplace Safety, Resident Satisfaction, and Quality of Care in Long-Term Care Facilities. J Occup Environ Med 2017; 59:1127-1134. [PMID: 28945639 PMCID: PMC6525336 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000001163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We performed an integrated cross-sectional analysis of relationships between long-term care work environments, employee and resident satisfaction, and quality of patient care. METHODS Facility-level data came from a network of 203 skilled nursing facilities in 13 states in the eastern United States owned or managed by one company. K-means cluster analysis was applied to investigate clustered associations between safe resident handling program (SRHP) performance, resident care outcomes, employee satisfaction, rates of workers' compensation claims, and resident satisfaction. RESULTS Facilities in the better-performing cluster were found to have better patient care outcomes and resident satisfaction; lower rates of workers compensation claims; better SRHP performance; higher employee retention; and greater worker job satisfaction and engagement. CONCLUSION The observed clustered relationships support the utility of integrated performance assessment in long-term care facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernest Boakye-Dankwa
- College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts (Drs Boakye-Dankwa, Teeple, Gore, Punnett); and Institute for Health and Ageing, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Dr Boakye-Dankwa)
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24
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Shafran-Tikva S, Chinitz D, Stern Z, Feder-Bubis P. Violence against physicians and nurses in a hospital: How does it happen? A mixed-methods study. Isr J Health Policy Res 2017; 6:59. [PMID: 29089061 PMCID: PMC5664846 DOI: 10.1186/s13584-017-0183-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Violence against medical personnel is unexpected in hospitals which are devoted to healing, and yet, it is frequent and of concern in the health system. Little is known about the factors that lead to hospital violence, and even less is known about the interactions among these factors. The aim of the study was to identify and describe the perceptions of staff and patients regarding the factors that lead to violence on the part of patients and those accompanying them. Methods A mixed-methods study in a large, general, university tertiary hospital. A self-administered survey yielding 678 completed questionnaires, comprising 34% nurses and 66% physicians (93% response rate). Eighteen in-depth interviews were conducted separately with both victims and perpetrators of violent episodes, and four focus-groups (N = 20) were undertaken separately with physicians, staff nurses, head-nurses, and security personnel. Results Violence erupts as a result of interacting factors encompassing staff behavior, patient behavior, hospital setting, professional roles, and waiting times. Patients and staff reported similar perceptions and emotions regarding the episodes of violence in which they were involved. Of 4,047 statements elicited in the staff survey regarding the eruption of violence, 39% referred to staff behavior; 26 % to patient/visitor behavior; 17% to organizational conditions, and 10% to waiting times. In addition, 35% of the staff respondents reported that their own behavior contributed to the creation of the most severe violent episode in which they were involved, and 48% stated that staff behavior contributed to violent episodes. Half of the reasons stated by physicians and nurses for violence eruption were related to patient dissatisfaction with the quality of service, the degree of staff professionalism, or an unacceptable comment of a staff member. In addition, data from the focus groups pointed to lack of understanding of the hospital system on the part of patients, together with poor communication between patients and providers and expectations gaps. Conclusions Our various and triangulated data sources show that staff and patients share conditions of overload, pressure, fatigue, and frustration. Staff also expressed lack of coping tools to prevent violence. Self-conscious awareness regarding potential interacting factors can be used to develop interventions aimed at prevention of and better coping with hospital violence for both health systems' users and providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigal Shafran-Tikva
- Hadassah University Medical Center, P.O.B 12109, Kiryat Hadassah, 12000, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - David Chinitz
- Health Policy and Management in the School of Public Health, Hebrew University-Hadassah Israel, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Zvi Stern
- Hadassah Mt Scopus Hospital in Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Paula Feder-Bubis
- Department of Health Systems Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences and Guilford Glazer Faculty of Business and Management, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.B. 653, Beer-Sheva, 8410501, Israel
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Patient Aggression and the Wellbeing of Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study in Psychiatric and Non-Psychiatric Settings. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14101245. [PMID: 29057802 PMCID: PMC5664746 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14101245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Wellbeing of nurses is associated with patient aggression. Little is known about the differences in these associations between nurses working in different specialties. We aimed to estimate and compare the prevalence of patient aggression and the associations between patient aggression and the wellbeing of nurses in psychiatric and non-psychiatric specialties (medical and surgical, and emergency medicine). A sample of 5288 nurses (923 psychiatric nurses, 4070 medical and surgical nurses, 295 emergency nurses) participated in the study. Subjective measures were used to assess both the occurrence of patient aggression and the wellbeing of nurses (self-rated health, sleep disturbances, psychological distress and perceived work ability). Binary logistic regression with interaction terms was used to compare the associations between patient aggression and the wellbeing of nurses. Psychiatric nurses reported all types of patient aggression more frequently than medical and surgical nurses, whereas nurses working in emergency settings reported physical violence and verbal aggression more frequently than psychiatric nurses. Psychiatric nurses reported poor self-rated health and reduced work ability more frequently than both of the non-psychiatric nursing groups, whereas medical and surgical nurses reported psychological distress and sleep disturbances more often. Psychiatric nurses who had experienced at least one type of patient aggression or mental abuse in the previous year, were less likely to suffer from psychological distress and sleep disturbances compared to medical and surgical nurses. Psychiatric nurses who had experienced physical assaults and armed threats were less likely to suffer from sleep disturbances compared to nurses working in emergency settings. Compared to medical and surgical nurses, psychiatric nurses face patient aggression more often, but certain types of aggression are more common in emergency settings. Psychiatric nurses have worse subjective health and work ability than both of the non-psychiatric nursing groups, while their psychiatric wellbeing is better and they have less sleep problems compared to medical and surgical nurses. Psychiatric nurses maintain better psychiatric wellbeing and experience fewer sleep problems than non-psychiatric nurses after events of exposure to patient aggression. This suggest that more attention should be given to non-psychiatric settings for maintaining the wellbeing of nurses after exposure to patient aggression.
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Zhang Y, Punnett L, Nannini A. Work-Family Conflict, Sleep, and Mental Health of Nursing Assistants Working in Nursing Homes. Workplace Health Saf 2017; 65:295-303. [PMID: 27794076 PMCID: PMC8556705 DOI: 10.1177/2165079916665397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Work-family conflict is challenging for workers and may lead to depression, anxiety, and overall poor health. Sleep plays an important role in the maintenance of mental health; however, the role of sleep in the association between work-family conflict and mental health is not well-studied. Questionnaires were collected from 650 nursing assistants in 15 nursing homes. Multivariate linear regression modeling demonstrated that increased work-family conflict was associated with lower mental health scores (β = -2.56, p < .01). More work-family conflict was correlated with more job demands, less job control, less social support, and longer work hours. Poor sleep quality, but not short sleep duration, mediated the association between work-family conflict and mental health. Workplace interventions to improve nursing assistants' mental health should increase their control over work schedules and responsibilities, provide support to meet their work and family needs, and address healthy sleep practices.
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Gold JE, Punnett L, Gore RJ. Predictors of low back pain in nursing home workers after implementation of a safe resident handling programme. Occup Environ Med 2017; 74:389-395. [PMID: 27919063 PMCID: PMC5860804 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2016-103930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Healthcare workers have high rates of low back pain (LBP) related to handling patients. A large chain of nursing homes experienced reduced biomechanical load, compensation claims and costs following implementation of a safe resident handling programme (SRHP). The aim of this study was to examine whether LBP similarly declined and whether it was associated with relevant self-reported occupational exposures or personal health factors. METHODS Worker surveys were conducted on multiple occasions beginning with the week of first SRHP introduction (baseline). In each survey, the outcome was LBP during the prior 3 months with at least mild severity during the past week. Robust Poisson multivariable regression models were constructed to examine correlates of LBP cross-sectionally at 2 years (F3) and longitudinally at 5-6 years (F5) post-SRHP implementation among workers also in at least one prior survey. RESULTS LBP prevalence declined minimally between baseline and F3. The prevalence was 37% at F3 and cumulative incidence to F5 was 22%. LBP prevalence at F3 was positively associated with combined physical exposures, psychological job demands and prior back injury, while frequent lift device usage and 'intense' aerobic exercise frequency were protective. At F5, the multivariable model included frequent lift usage at F3 (relative risk (RR) 0.39 (0.18 to 0.84)) and F5 work-family imbalance (RR=1.82 (1.12 to 2.98)). CONCLUSIONS In this observational study, resident lifting device usage predicted reduced LBP in nursing home workers. Other physical and psychosocial demands of nursing home work also contributed, while frequent intense aerobic exercise appeared to reduce LBP risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith E Gold
- Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden
| | - Laura Punnett
- Department of Work Environment, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rebecca J Gore
- Department of Work Environment, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA
| | - ProCare Research Team
- Department of Work Environment, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA
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Välimäki M, Yang M, Normand SL, Lorig KR, Anttila M, Lantta T, Pekurinen V, Adams CE. Study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial to assess the effectiveness of user-driven intervention to prevent aggressive events in psychiatric services. BMC Psychiatry 2017; 17:123. [PMID: 28372555 PMCID: PMC5379524 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-017-1266-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND People admitted to psychiatric hospitals with a diagnosis of schizophrenia may display behavioural problems. These may require management approaches such as use of coercive practices, which impact the well-being of staff members, visiting families and friends, peers, as well as patients themselves. Studies have proposed that not only patients' conditions, but also treatment environment and ward culture may affect patients' behaviour. Seclusion and restraint could possibly be prevented with staff education about user-centred, more humane approaches. Staff education could also increase collaboration between patients, family members and staff, which may further positively affect treatment culture and lower the need for using coercive treatment methods. METHODS This is a single-blind, two-arm cluster randomised controlled trial involving 28 psychiatric hospital wards across Finland. Units will be randomised to receive either a staff educational programme delivered by the team of researchers, or standard care. The primary outcome is the incidence of use of patient seclusion rooms, assessed from the local/national health registers. Secondary outcomes include use of other coercive methods (limb restraint, forced injection, and physical restraint), service use, treatment satisfaction, general functioning among patients, and team climate and employee turn-over (nursing staff). DISCUSSION The study, designed in close collaboration with staff members, patients and their relatives, will provide evidence for a co-operative and user-centred educational intervention aiming to decrease the prevalence of coercive methods and service use in the units, increase the functional status of patients and improve team climate in the units. We have identified no similar trials. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02724748 . Registered on 25th of April 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maritta Välimäki
- Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku , Turku, Finland
- School of Nursing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
- Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Min Yang
- West China Research Center for Rural Health Development, Sichuan University Huaxi Medical Center, Sichuan University of China, Administration Building, No 17,Section 3,Ren Ming Nan Lu, Chengdu, Sichuan China
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, 180 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115-5899 USA
| | - Sharon-Lise Normand
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, 180 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115-5899 USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard Medical School, 180 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115-5899 USA
| | - Kate R. Lorig
- Department of Medicine - Med/Immunology & Rheumatology, Stanford University, 1000 WELCH RD. #204, Stanford, CA 94305-5755 USA
| | - Minna Anttila
- Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku , Turku, Finland
| | - Tella Lantta
- Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku , Turku, Finland
| | - Virve Pekurinen
- Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku , Turku, Finland
| | - Clive E. Adams
- Institute of Mental Health, Division of Psychiatry, University of Nottingham, Jubilee Campus, Wollaton Road, Nottingham, NG8 1BB UK
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Boucaut R, Cusack L. 'Sometimes your safety goes a bit by the wayside' … exploring occupational health and safety (OHS) with student nurses. Nurse Educ Pract 2016; 20:93-8. [PMID: 27525567 DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Because nursing is a high risk profession in terms of occupational health and safety (OHS), the topic of OHS is an important component of student nurse education and practice. Seeking ways to enhance curricular content and foster student health, safety and wellbeing is an ongoing pursuit. This pilot study explored nursing student perspectives about OHS in the clinical setting to develop an understanding of student views that could enlighten teaching about this topic within the undergraduate nursing course. Focus groups were held with pre-registration student nurses in two discrete cohort levels (first and third year). Themes were identified from the focus group discussion about trust, knowledge and responsibility. The students demonstrated a sound grasp of clinical hazards and associated administrative controls. Strengthening student awareness of higher order controls and their evaluation would augment their knowledge of legislative requirements. Students may benefit from learning about a risk management approach to OHS which would provide them with a structured basis for problem solving. This may assist them with clinical reasoning about health and safety issues and empower them in aspects of self-care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose Boucaut
- School of Nursing, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, South Australia 5000, Australia.
| | - Lynette Cusack
- School of Nursing, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, South Australia 5000, Australia.
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Zhang Y, Punnett L, Mawn B, Gore R. Working Conditions and Mental Health of Nursing Staff in Nursing Homes. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2016; 37:485-92. [PMID: 27104634 PMCID: PMC5886762 DOI: 10.3109/01612840.2016.1162884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Nursing staff in nursing homes suffer from poor mental health, probably associated with stressful working conditions. Working conditions may distribute differently among nursing assistants, licensed practical nurses, and registered nurses due to their different levels in the organizational hierarchy. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the association between working conditions and mental health among different nursing groups, and examine the potential moderating effect of job group on this association. Self-administered questionnaires were collected with 1,129 nursing staff in 15 for-profit non-unionized nursing homes. Working conditions included both physical and psychosocial domains. Multivariate linear regression modeling found that mental health was associated with different working conditions in different nursing groups: physical safety (β = 2.37, p < 0.05) and work-family conflict (β = -2.44, p < 0.01) in NAs; work-family conflict (β = -4.17, p < 0.01) in LPNs; and physical demands (β = 10.54, p < 0.05) in RNs. Job group did not moderate the association between working conditions and mental health. Future workplace interventions to improve mental health should reach to nursing staff at different levels and consider tailored working condition interventions in different nursing groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- a University of Massachusetts Lowell , School of Nursing , Lowell , Massachusetts , USA
| | - Laura Punnett
- b University of Massachusetts Lowell , Department of Work Environment , Lowell , Massachusetts , USA
| | - Barbara Mawn
- a University of Massachusetts Lowell , School of Nursing , Lowell , Massachusetts , USA
| | - Rebecca Gore
- b University of Massachusetts Lowell , Department of Work Environment , Lowell , Massachusetts , USA
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Kurowski A, Gore R, Mpolla N, Punnett L. Use of Resident Handling Equipment by Nursing Aides in Long-Term Care: Associations with Work Organization and Individual Level Characteristics. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SAFE PATIENT HANDLING & MOVEMENT 2016; 6:16-24. [PMID: 34721944 PMCID: PMC8552405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Low back pain is prevalent among nursing home personnel. Safe resident handling programs (SRHP) reduce injuries and costs. Previously, we reported variability in effectiveness and sought to identify reasons for differences among workers in resident handling equipment (RHE) use. In 8 nursing homes, nursing aides' (NAs) frequency of RHE use and reasons for inconsistent use were assessed by questionnaire up to 4 times after SRHP implementation. Ordered multinomial models examined correlates of RHE-usage frequency. At least two-thirds of NAs reported "often" or "always" lift use. Higher RHE use was related to higher SRHP commitment, higher prior SRHP expectations, older age, higher health self-efficacy, and lower supervisor support. "Device not available when needed" and "residents dislike" were major reasons consistently cited for not using RHE. While this program has been effective, attention to device availability, education of residents and family members on SRHP importance, and worker empowerment might increase usage further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Kurowski
- Department of Work Environment at the University of Massachusetts Lowell
| | - Rebecca Gore
- Department of Work Environment at the University of Massachusetts Lowell
| | - Nadine Mpolla
- Department of Work Environment at the University of Massachusetts Lowell
| | - Laura Punnett
- Department of Work Environment at the University of Massachusetts Lowell
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Visitor Restriction Policies and Practices in Residential Continuing Care Facilities. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2016; 17:89-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2015.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Taufek FHBM, Zulkifle ZB, Kadir SZBA. Safety and Health Practices and Injury Management in Manufacturing Industry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s2212-5671(16)00088-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Garza JL, Dugan AG, Faghri PD, Gorin AA, Huedo-Medina TB, Kenny AM, Cherniack MG, Cavallari JM. Demographic, health-related, and work-related factors associated with body mass index and body fat percentage among workers at six Connecticut manufacturing companies across different age groups: a cohort study. BMC OBESITY 2015; 2:43. [PMID: 26509040 PMCID: PMC4617478 DOI: 10.1186/s40608-015-0073-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Effective workplace interventions that consider the multifactorial nature of obesity are needed to reduce and prevent obesity among adults. Furthermore, the factors associated with obesity may differ for workers across age groups. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify demographic, health-related, and work-related factors associated with baseline and changes in body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (BFP) and among Connecticut manufacturing workers acrossage groups. METHODS BMI and BFPof 758 workers from six Connecticut manufacturing companies were objectively measuredat two time points approximately 36 months apart. Demographic, health-related, and work-related factors wereassessed via questionnaire. All variables were included in linear regression models to identify factors associated with baseline and changes in BMI and BFP for workers in 3 age groups: <45 years (35 %), 45-55 years (37 %), >55 years (28 %). RESULTS There were differences in baseline and changes in BMI and BFP among manufacturing workers across age groups. Being interested in changing weight was significantly (p < 0.01) associated with higher baseline BMI and BFP across all age categories. Other factors associated with higher baseline BMI and BFP differed by age group and included: male gender (BMI p = 0.04), female gender (BFP p < 0.01), not having a college education (BMI p = 0.01, BFP p = 0.04), having childcare responsibilities (BMI p = 0.04), and working less overtime (p = 0.02) among workers in the <45 year age category, male gender (BMI p = 0.02), female gender (BFP p < 0.01) and reporting higher stress in general (BMI p = 0.04) among workers in the 45-55 year age category, and female gender (BFP p < 0.01) and job tenure (BFP p = 0.03) among workers in the >55 year age category. Few factors were associated with change in BMI or BFP across any age category. CONCLUSIONS Among manufacturing workers, we identified associations between individual, health-related, and work-related factors and baseline BMIand BFP that differed by age. Such results support the use of strategies tailored to the challenges faced by workers in specific age groups rather than adopting a one size fits all approach. Effective interventions should consider a full range of individual, health-related, and work-related factors. More work must be done to identify factors or strategies associated with changes in obesity over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Garza
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Ave, Farmington, CT 06030 USA
| | - Alicia G Dugan
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Ave, Farmington, CT 06030 USA
| | - Pouran D Faghri
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, 358 Mansfield Road, Unit 1101, Storrs, CT 06269 USA
| | - Amy A Gorin
- Department of Psychology, University of Connecticut, 2006 Hillside Road, Unit 1248, Storrs, CT 06269 USA
| | - Tania B Huedo-Medina
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, 358 Mansfield Road, Unit 1101, Storrs, CT 06269 USA ; Department of Statistics, UConn Health, 263 Mansfield Road, Unit 1101, Storrs, CT 06269 USA ; Department of Community Medicine and Health Care, UConn Health, 263 Mansfield Road, Unit 1101, Storrs, CT 06269 USA
| | - Anne M Kenny
- Geriatric Medicine, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Ave, Farmington, CT 06030 USA
| | - Martin G Cherniack
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Ave, Farmington, CT 06030 USA
| | - Jennifer M Cavallari
- Department of Community Medicine, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Ave, Farmington, CT 06030 USA
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Zhang Y, Punnett L, McEnany GP, Gore R. Contributing influences of work environment on sleep quantity and quality of nursing assistants in long-term care facilities: A cross-sectional study. Geriatr Nurs 2015; 37:13-8. [PMID: 26384714 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2015.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The effect of shift work on nurses' sleep is well-studied, but there are other challenging aspects of health care work that might also affect the sleep of direct caregivers. This study examined the influence of the long-term care work environment on sleep quantity and quality of nursing assistants. A cross-sectional survey collected data from 650 nursing assistants in 15 long-term care facilities; 46% reported short sleep duration and 23% reported poor sleep quality. A simple additive index of the number of beneficial work features (up to 7) was constructed for analysis with Poisson regression. With each unit increase of beneficial work features, nursing assistants were 7% less likely to report short sleep duration and 17% less likely to report poor sleep quality. These results suggest that effective workplace interventions should address a variety of work stressors, not only work schedule arrangements, in order to improve nursing assistants' sleep health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- School of Nursing, University of Massachusetts Lowell, 113 Wilder Street, Lowell, MA 01854, USA.
| | - Laura Punnett
- Department of Work Environment, One University Ave., University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
| | | | - Rebecca Gore
- Department of Work Environment, One University Ave., University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
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Warren N, Dussetschleger J, Punnett L, Cherniack MG. Musculoskeletal disorder symptoms in correction officers: why do they increase rapidly with job tenure? HUMAN FACTORS 2015; 57:262-275. [PMID: 25850157 DOI: 10.1177/0018720814547569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, we sought to explain the rapid musculoskeletal symptomatology increase in correction officers (COs). BACKGROUND COs are exposed to levels of biomechanical and psychosocial stressors that have strong associations with musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in other occupations, possibly contributing to their rapid health deterioration. METHOD Baseline survey data from a longitudinal study of COs and manufacturing line workers were used to model musculoskeletal symptom prevalence and intensity in the upper (UE) and lower (LE) extremity. Outcomes were regressed on demographics and biomechanical and psychosocial exposures. RESULTS COs reported significantly higher prevalence and intensity of LE symptoms compared to the industrial workers. In regression models, job tenure was a primary driver of CO musculoskeletal outcomes. In CO models, a single biomechanical exposure, head and arms in awkward positions, explained variance in both UE and LE prevalence (β of 0.338 and 0.357, respectively), and low decision latitude was associated with increased LE prevalence and intensity (β of 0.229 and 0.233, respectively). Manufacturing models were less explanatory. Examining demographic associations with exposure intensity, we found none to be significant in manufacturing, but in CO models, important psychosocial exposure levels increased with job tenure. CONCLUSION Symptom prevalence and intensity increased more rapidly with job tenure in corrections, compared to manufacturing, and were related to both biomechanical and psychosocial exposures. Tenure-related increases in psychosocial exposure levels may help explain the CO symptom increase. APPLICATION Although exposure assessment improvements are proposed, findings suggest focusing on improving the psychosocial work environment to reduce MSD prevalence and intensity in corrections.
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Faghri PD, Chin WS, Huedo-Medina TB. The Link between Musculoskeletal Pain, Lifestyle Behaviors, Exercise Self-Efficacy, and Quality of Life in Overweight and Obese Individuals. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 3:255. [PMID: 29250572 PMCID: PMC5730077 DOI: 10.4172/2329-9096.1000255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Objective To determine the extent musculoskeletal (MS) pain in the low back and knee (weight-bearing (WB) joints), shoulder and wrist (non-weight bearing joints), and exercise self-efficacy mediates associations between overweight and obesity levels based on BMI (4 levels: overweight, obese class I, II, or III), physical function, emotional role, social interference, and physical activity (PA) levels. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Four long-term nursing home facilities in the Northeast U.S. Participants 99 overweight or obese (BMI > 25) nursing home employees. Interventions Self-reported survey administered to employees who met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Main Outcome Measure(s) General health status, physical function, emotional role, Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale (ESE), physical activity (PA), and frequency of pain at each joint. Results Reported pain frequency were 66.3%, 54.4%, 42.2%, and 24.1% for lower back, knee, shoulder, and wrist, respectively. Higher obesity levels were associated with lower physical function (r=−0.109, p=0.284). PA decreased with higher obesity levels (r=−0.248, p<0.05), particularly in moderate PA (r=−0.293, p<0.05). Obesity was associated with a lower ESE (r=−0.239, p<0.05). Wrist pain significantly mediated the effect of obesity on moderate physical function, emotional role, and ESE. ESE was a significant mediator between obesity and moderate and vigorous PA. Conclusions Overweight and obese nursing home employees are at higher risk for developing musculoskeletal disorders due to high demand, low control jobs, and the associated biomedical compromises while working. To increase the effectiveness of weight loss interventions for this population, the mediating effects of MS pain with higher levels of obesity should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pouran D Faghri
- University of Connecticut (Storrs), Department of Allied Health Sciences, USA
| | - Winnie Sy Chin
- University of Connecticut (Storrs), Department of Allied Health Sciences, USA
| | - Tania B Huedo-Medina
- University of Connecticut (Storrs), Department of Allied Health Sciences, USA.,University of Connecticut (Storrs), Department of Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), University of Connecticut Center for Environmental Heath and Health Promotion, USA
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Teymourzadeh E, Rashidian A, Arab M, Akbari-Sari A, Hakimzadeh SM. Nurses exposure to workplace violence in a large teaching hospital in Iran. Int J Health Policy Manag 2014; 3:301-5. [PMID: 25396205 DOI: 10.15171/ijhpm.2014.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Workplace violence is one of the factors which can strongly reduce job satisfaction and the quality of working life of nurses. The aim of this study was to measure nurses' exposure to workplace violence in one of the major teaching hospitals in Tehran in 2010. METHODS We surveyed the nurses in a cross-sectional design in 2010. The questionnaire was adapted from a standardized questionnaire designed collaboratively by the International Labor Office (ILO), the International Health Organization (IHO), the International Council of Nurses (ICN), and the Public Services International (PSI). Finally, in order to analyze the relationships among different variables in the study, T-test and Chi-Square test were used. RESULTS Three hundred and one nurses responded to the questionnaire (a response rate of 73%). Over 70% of the nurses felt worried about workplace violence. The participants reported exposure to verbal abuse (64% CI: 59-70%), bullying-mobbing (29% CI: 24-34%) and physical violence (12% CI: 9-16%) at least once during the previous year. Relatives of hospital patients were responsible for most of the violence. Nurses working in the emergency department and outpatient clinics were more likely to report having experienced violence. Nurses were unlikely to report violence to hospital managers, and 40% of nurses were unaware of any existing policies within the hospital for reducing violence. CONCLUSION We observed a considerable level of nurse exposure to workplace violence. The high rate of reported workplace violence demonstrates that the existing safeguards that aim to protect the staff from abusive patients and relatives are inadequate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Teymourzadeh
- Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Rashidian
- Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Arab
- Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Akbari-Sari
- Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health and Knowledge Utilization Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Rezaee M, Ghasemi M. Prevalence of low back pain among nurses: predisposing factors and role of work place violence. Trauma Mon 2014; 19:e17926. [PMID: 25717449 PMCID: PMC4310160 DOI: 10.5812/traumamon.17926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Revised: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Ergonomic factors predispose nurses to low back pain (LBP). Few studies have clarified the role of workplace violence in LBP occurrence. Objectives: The present study was designed to investigate acute and chronic LBP in Iranian nurses and its association with exposure to physical violence as well as its personal and ergonomic risk factors. Materials and Methods: In this analytic cross sectional study, the rate of acute and chronic LBP and contributing factors were investigated among 1246 nurses using a validated questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed by chi square, student t-test, and logistic regression, to determine the association between independent variables and LBP. Results: In total, 1246 nurses, consisting of 576 (46.23%) males and 670 (53.77%) females, were included. The mean age and the mean years of employment were 31.23 ± 5.33 and 16.18 ± 7.05, respectively. Both acute low back pain (ALBP) and chronic low back pain (CLBP) were associated with physical violence experience. Moreover, acute and chronic LBP were predicted by positive past history of LBP as well as two ergonomic factors, frequent bending and frequent carrying of patients. Conclusions: Besides a history of low back pain and ergonomic factors, physical violence may be considered a contributing factor for acute low back injuries. Special attention to all personal, occupational, and psychological risk factors is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Rezaee
- Trauma Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Mohammad Ghasemi
- Health Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
- Corresponding author: Mohammad Ghasemi, Health Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran. Tel/Fax: +98-2188600062, E-mail:
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Sabbath EL, Hurtado DA, Okechukwu CA, Tamers SL, Nelson C, Kim SS, Wagner G, Sorenson G. Occupational injury among hospital patient-care workers: what is the association with workplace verbal abuse? Am J Ind Med 2014; 57:222-32. [PMID: 24151093 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.22271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test the association between workplace abuse exposure and injury risk among hospital workers. We hypothesized that exposed workers would have higher injury rates than unexposed workers. METHODS Survey of direct-care workers (n = 1,497) in two hospitals. Exposure to workplace abuse was assessed through self-report; occupational injury reports were extracted from employee records. We tested associations between non-physical workplace violence and injury using log-binomial regression and multilevel modeling. RESULTS Adjusted prevalence ratio (PR) for injury associated with being yelled at was 1.52 (95% CI 1.19, 1.95); for experiencing hostile/offensive gestures 1.43 (1.11, 1.82); and for being sworn at 1.41 (1.09, 1.81). In analyses by injury subtypes, musculoskeletal injuries were more strongly associated with abuse than were acute traumatic injuries. Associations operated on group and individual levels and were most consistently associated with abuse perpetrated by patients. CONCLUSION Exposure to workplace abuse may be a risk factor for injuries among hospital workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika L. Sabbath
- Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies; Cambridge Massachusetts
| | - David A. Hurtado
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences; Harvard School of Public Health; Boston Massachusetts
| | - Cassandra A. Okechukwu
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences; Harvard School of Public Health; Boston Massachusetts
| | - Sara L. Tamers
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences; Harvard School of Public Health; Boston Massachusetts
- Center for Community-Based Research; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Boston Massachusetts
| | - Candace Nelson
- Department of Environmental Health; Harvard School of Public Health; Boston Massachusetts
| | - Seung-Sup Kim
- Department of Healthcare Management; Korea University; Seoul Republic of Korea
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health; The George Washington University School of Public Health and Health Services; Washington District of Columbia
| | - Gregory Wagner
- Department of Environmental Health; Harvard School of Public Health; Boston Massachusetts
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; Washington District of Columbia
| | - Glorian Sorenson
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences; Harvard School of Public Health; Boston Massachusetts
- Center for Community-Based Research; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Boston Massachusetts
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Miranda H, Punnett L, Gore RJ. Musculoskeletal pain and reported workplace assault: a prospective study of clinical staff in nursing homes. HUMAN FACTORS 2014; 56:215-227. [PMID: 24669555 DOI: 10.1177/0018720813508778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined prospectively the effect of workplace violence on musculoskeletal symptoms among nursing home workers. BACKGROUND Previously we reported a cross-sectional relationship between physical assaults at work and musculoskeletal pain. This follow-up provides stronger evidence of the effect of workplace violence on musculoskeletal outcomes within the same workforce over two years. METHOD Nursing home workers who responded to three consecutive annual surveys formed the study cohort (n = 344). The outcomes were any musculoskeletal pain, widespread pain, pain intensity, pain interference with work and sleep, and co-occurring pain with depression. The main predictor was self-reported physical assault at work during the 3 months preceding each survey. Prevalence ratios (PRs) were assessed with log-binomial regression, adjusting for other workplace and individual factors. RESULTS Every fourth nursing home worker, and 34% of nursing aides, reported persistent workplace assault over the 2 years. Among respondents assaulted frequently, two thirds experienced moderate to extreme musculoskeletal pain, and more than 50% had pain interfering with work and/or sleep. Baseline exposure to assault predicted pain outcomes 1 year later. Repeated exposure was associated with a linear increase over 2 years in the risks of pain intensity, interference with work, and interference with sleep; co-occurring pain and depression had an adjusted PR of 3.6 (95% CI = 1.7-7.9). CONCLUSION Workplace assault, especially when repeated over time, increases the risk of pain that may jeopardize workers' ability to remain employed. APPLICATION More effective assault prevention would protect and support the workforce needed to care for our increasing elderly and disabled population.
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Yang LQ, Spector PE, Chang CHD, Gallant-Roman M, Powell J. Psychosocial precursors and physical consequences of workplace violence towards nurses: a longitudinal examination with naturally occurring groups in hospital settings. Int J Nurs Stud 2012; 49:1091-102. [PMID: 22546849 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2012.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2011] [Revised: 03/15/2012] [Accepted: 03/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Workplace violence towards nurses is prevalent and consequential, contributing to nurses' reduced health and safety, worsened job attitudes, and compromised productivity. OBJECTIVES To examine if organizational violence prevention climate as perceived by nurses predicts nurses' physical violence exposure and if physical violence exposure predicts nurses' somatic symptoms and musculoskeletal disorder symptoms. DESIGN A two-wave longitudinal design with naturally occurring groups, with a 6-month interval. METHODS Analysis of covariance and logistic regression were applied to test the proposed hypotheses among 176 nurses from two hospitals in the U.S. who participated in both surveys required by this study. All nurses from the two hospitals were recruited to participate voluntarily. The response rate was 30% for the first survey and 36% for the follow-up survey. Among the subjects, only 8 were male. On average, the subjects were about 45 years old, had a job tenure of about 17 years, and worked approximately 37 h per week. RESULTS Violence prevention climate, specifically the dimension of perceived pressure against violence prevention, predicted nurses' chance of being exposed to physical violence over six months (odds ratio 1.69), with no evidence found that violence exposure affected change in climate reports. In addition, results supported that nurses' physical violence exposure had effects on somatic symptoms, and upper body, lower extremity, and low back pain over six months. CONCLUSIONS Findings of this study suggest that reducing organizational pressure against violence prevention will help decrease the chance of nurses' physical violence exposure and benefit their health and safety.
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Rakovski C, Zettel-Watson L, Rutledge D. Association of employment and working conditions with physical and mental health symptoms for people with fibromyalgia. Disabil Rehabil 2012; 34:1277-83. [PMID: 22324423 DOI: 10.3109/09638288.2011.641658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study examines physical and mental health symptoms among people with fibromyalgia (FM) by employment status and working conditions. METHOD Secondary data analysis of the 2007 National Fibromyalgia Association Questionnaire study resulted in employment and symptom information for 1702 people of working age with FM. In this cross-sectional internet study, six factors of symptom clusters (physical, mental health, sleeping, concentration, musculoskeletal, support) were seen in the data. Linear regression models used employment, age, income, gender, and education to predict symptom clusters. Among those employed, working conditions were also associated with symptom severity. RESULTS In the predominately female sample, 51% were working. Of these, 70% worked over 30 hours/week and half had flexible hours. Employment, higher income, and education were strongly associated with fewer symptoms. Working conditions, including level of physical and mental exertion required on the job as well as coworkers' understanding of FM, were related to symptoms, particularly physical and mental health symptoms. Many participants reported modifying their work environment (66%) or changing occupations (33%) due to FM. CONCLUSIONS Work modifications could allow more people with FM to remain employed and alleviate symptoms. Persons with FM should be counseled to consider what elements of their work may lead to symptom exacerbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carter Rakovski
- Department of Sociology, California State University, Fullerton, USA.
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Stock SR, Tissot F. Are there health effects of harassment in the workplace? A gender-sensitive study of the relationships between work and neck pain. ERGONOMICS 2011; 55:147-159. [PMID: 21864223 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2011.598243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The aim of this study was to identify workplace physical and psychosocial risk factors for neck pain among male and female workers and, in particular, to study the relationship between neck pain and intimidation and sexual harassment in the workplace in a representative sample of the Quebec working population. The study sample included 5405 men and 3987 women. In multiple logistic regression analyses, when taking into account individual and other workplace factors, neck pain was significantly associated with intimidation at work among both male (odds ratio (OR) 1.4 (1.01-1.8)) and female workers (OR 1.3 (1.01-1.8)). Among female workers, neck pain was alsosignificantly associated with unwanted sexual attention (OR 1.6 (1.1-2.4)). If confirmed in prospective studies, these results suggest that interventions to prevent harassment in the workplace may help reduce musculoskeletal disorders in the workplace and that workplace programmes to reduce harassment in the workplace should include prevention of sexual harassment. PRACTITIONER SUMMARY While taking into account relevant personal factors and previously identified workplace physical and psychosocial risk factors, this gender-based study identifies new work exposures associated with neck pain that have not previously been studied, including unwanted sexual attention, intimidation and difficult or tense situations with the public.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan R Stock
- Scientific Group on Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders , Institut national de santé publique du Québec (Quebec Institute of Public Health), Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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