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Alshareef GH, Mohammed AE, Abumaree M, Basmaeil YS. Phenotypic and Functional Responses of Human Decidua Basalis Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells to Lipopolysaccharide of Gram-Negative Bacteria. STEM CELLS AND CLONING-ADVANCES AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 14:51-69. [PMID: 34754198 PMCID: PMC8572118 DOI: 10.2147/sccaa.s332952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Human decidua basalis mesenchymal stem cells (DBMSCs) are potential therapeutics for the medication to cure inflammatory diseases, like atherosclerosis. The current study investigates the capacity of DBMSCs to stay alive and function in a harmful inflammatory environment induced by high levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Methods DBMSCs were exposed to different levels of LPS, and their viability and functional responses (proliferation, adhesion, and migration) were examined. Furthermore, DBMSCs’ expression of 84 genes associated with their functional activities in the presence of LPS was investigated. Results Results indicated that LPS had no significant effect on DBMSCs’ adhesion, migration, and proliferation (24 h and 72 h) (p > 0.05). However, DBMSCs’ proliferation was significantly reduced at 10 µg/mL of LPS at 48 h (p < 0.05). In addition, inflammatory cytokines and receptors related to adhesion, proliferation, migration, and differentiation were significantly overexpressed when DBMSCs were treated with 10 µg/mL of LPS (p < 0.05). Conclusion These results indicated that DBMSCs maintained their functional activities (proliferation, adhesion, and migration) in the presence of LPS as there was no variation between the treated DBMSCs and the control group. This study will lay the foundation for future preclinical and clinical studies to confirm the appropriateness of DBMSCs as a potential medication to cure inflammatory diseases, like atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghofran Hasan Alshareef
- Biology Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, 84428, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afrah E Mohammed
- Biology Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, 84428, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Abumaree
- Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,College of Science and Health Professions, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, 11481, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasser S Basmaeil
- Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Zhai Y, Amadou A, Mercier C, Praud D, Faure E, Iwaz J, Severi G, Mancini FR, Coudon T, Fervers B, Roy P. The impact of left truncation of exposure in environmental case-control studies: evidence from breast cancer risk associated with airborne dioxin. Eur J Epidemiol 2021; 37:79-93. [PMID: 34254231 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-021-00776-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In epidemiology, left-truncated data may bias exposure effect estimates. We analyzed the bias induced by left truncation in estimating breast cancer risk associated with exposure to airborne dioxins. Simulations were run with exposure estimates from a Geographic Information System (GIS)-based metric and considered two hypotheses for historical exposure, three scenarios for intra-individual correlation of annual exposures, and three exposure-effect models. For each correlation/model combination, 500 nested matched case-control studies were simulated and data fitted using a conditional logistic regression model. Bias magnitude was assessed by estimated odds-ratios (ORs) versus theoretical relative risks (TRRs) comparisons. With strong intra-individual correlation and continuous exposure, left truncation overestimated the Beta parameter associated with cumulative dioxin exposure. Versus a theoretical Beta of 4.17, the estimated mean Beta (5%; 95%) was 73.2 (67.7; 78.8) with left-truncated exposure and 4.37 (4.05; 4.66) with lifetime exposure. With exposure categorized in quintiles, the TRR was 2.0, the estimated ORQ5 vs. Q1 2.19 (2.04; 2.33) with truncated exposure versus 2.17 (2.02; 2.32) with lifetime exposure. However, the difference in exposure between Q5 and Q1 was 18× smaller with truncated data, indicating an important overestimation of the dose effect. No intra-individual correlation resulted in effect dilution and statistical power loss. Left truncation induced substantial bias in estimating breast cancer risk associated with exposure with continuous and categorical models. With strong intra-individual exposure correlation, both models detected associations, but categorical models provided better estimates of effect trends. This calls for careful consideration of left truncation-induced bias in interpreting environmental epidemiological data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhai
- Département Prévention Cancer Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France.,Service de Biostatistique-Bioinformatique, Pôle Santé Publique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Laboratoire de Biométrie Et Biologie Évolutive, CNRS UMR 5558, Villeurbanne, France.,Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Amina Amadou
- Département Prévention Cancer Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France.,Inserm U1296 Radiations: Défense, Santé, Environnement, 28 Rue Laënnec, 69373, Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Catherine Mercier
- Service de Biostatistique-Bioinformatique, Pôle Santé Publique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Laboratoire de Biométrie Et Biologie Évolutive, CNRS UMR 5558, Villeurbanne, France.,Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Delphine Praud
- Département Prévention Cancer Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France.,Inserm U1296 Radiations: Défense, Santé, Environnement, 28 Rue Laënnec, 69373, Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Elodie Faure
- Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie Et Santé Des Populations (CESP, Inserm U1018), Facultés de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, UPS UVSQ, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Jean Iwaz
- Service de Biostatistique-Bioinformatique, Pôle Santé Publique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Laboratoire de Biométrie Et Biologie Évolutive, CNRS UMR 5558, Villeurbanne, France.,Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Gianluca Severi
- Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie Et Santé Des Populations (CESP, Inserm U1018), Facultés de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, UPS UVSQ, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Department of Statistics, Computer Science and Applications (DISIA), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Romana Mancini
- Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie Et Santé Des Populations (CESP, Inserm U1018), Facultés de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, UPS UVSQ, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Thomas Coudon
- Département Prévention Cancer Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France.,Inserm U1296 Radiations: Défense, Santé, Environnement, 28 Rue Laënnec, 69373, Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Béatrice Fervers
- Département Prévention Cancer Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France. .,Inserm U1296 Radiations: Défense, Santé, Environnement, 28 Rue Laënnec, 69373, Lyon Cedex 08, France.
| | - Pascal Roy
- Service de Biostatistique-Bioinformatique, Pôle Santé Publique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Laboratoire de Biométrie Et Biologie Évolutive, CNRS UMR 5558, Villeurbanne, France.,Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
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Xu M, Ho V, Siemiatycki J. Role of occupational exposures in lung cancer risk among women. Occup Environ Med 2020; 78:98-104. [PMID: 32847991 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2020-106470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore possible associations between selected occupational agents and lung cancer risk among women. METHODS A population-based case-control study on lung cancer was conducted from 1996 to 2001 in Montreal, Canada. Cases were individuals diagnosed with incident lung cancer and population controls were randomly selected from electoral lists and frequency-matched to age and sex distributions of cases. Questionnaires on lifetime occupational history, smoking and demographic characteristics were collected during in-person interviews. As part of a comprehensive exposure assessment protocol, experts reviewed each subject's work history and assessed exposure to many agents. The current analysis, restricted to working women in the study, includes 361 cases and 521 controls. We examined the association between lung cancer and each of 22 occupational exposures, chosen because of their relatively high prevalences among these women. Each exposure was analysed in a separate multivariate logistic regression model, adjusted for smoking and other selected covariates. RESULTS There were few elevated OR estimates between lung cancer and any of the agents, and none were statistically significant, although the limited numbers of exposed women engendered wide CIs. CONCLUSIONS There was little evidence to suggest that women in this population had experienced excess risks of lung cancer as a result of their work exposures. However, the wide CIs preclude any strong inferences in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Xu
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Québec, Canada.,Carrefour de l'innovation, Université de Montréal Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Vikki Ho
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Québec, Canada.,Carrefour de l'innovation, Université de Montréal Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jack Siemiatycki
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Québec, Canada .,Carrefour de l'innovation, Université de Montréal Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
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Ignacio RMC, Lee ES, Son DS. Potential Roles of Innate Immune Chemokine and Cytokine Network on Lipopolysaccharide-Based Therapeutic Approach in Ovarian Cancer. Immune Netw 2019; 19:e22. [PMID: 31281719 PMCID: PMC6597445 DOI: 10.4110/in.2019.19.e22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC), the deadliest gynecological cancer, results in poor overall survival, urgently requiring a novel therapeutic approach. As cumulative exposures to endotoxins decreased OC risk epidemiologically, we evaluated if LPS, a Toll-like receptor 4 agonist known as active component of endotoxins, could increase survival in the murine peritoneal dissemination model of SKOV-3 OC cells. LPS significantly increased the mean survival time of more than 116 days compared with 63 days in the control. Furthermore, no tumor burden was present in three mice among eight LPS-treated mice. SKOV-3 cells were not responsive to LPS and showed unaltered chemokine signature. Rather than direct effects to OC cells, LPS was found to increase proinflammatory chemokines and cytokines, such as CXCL1, CXCL8, TNF, and IL-1B, in innate immune system. Taken together, LPS is likely to potentiate the cytotoxic-related innate immunogenicity via proinflammatory chemokines and cytokines, which attenuates the peritoneal dissemination of OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Mistica C Ignacio
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
| | - Eun-Sook Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32301, USA
| | - Deok-Soo Son
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
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Elser H, Falconi AM, Bass M, Cullen MR. Blue-collar work and women's health: A systematic review of the evidence from 1990 to 2015. SSM Popul Health 2018; 6:195-244. [PMID: 30417066 PMCID: PMC6215057 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the implications of gender and sex differences for health risks associated with blue-collar work, adverse health outcomes among blue-collar workers has been most frequently studied among men. The present study provides a "state-of-the-field" systematic review of the empiric evidence published on blue-collar women's health. We systematically reviewed literature related to the health of blue-collar women published between January 1, 1990 and December 31, 2015. We limited our review to peer-reviewed studies published in the English language on the health or health behaviors of women who were presently working or had previously worked in a blue-collar job. Studies were eligible for inclusion regardless of the number, age, or geographic region of blue-collar women in the study sample. We retained 177 studies that considered a wide range of health outcomes in study populations from 40 different countries. Overall, these studies suggested inferior health among female blue-collar workers as compared with either blue-collar males or other women. However, we noted several methodological limitations in addition to heterogeneity in study context and design, which inhibited comparison of results across publications. Methodological limitations of the extant literature, alongside the rapidly changing nature of women in the workplace, motivate further study on the health of blue-collar women. Efforts to identify specific mechanisms by which blue-collar work predisposes women to adverse health may be particularly valuable in informing future workplace-based and policy-level interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly Elser
- School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology, University of California, Berkeley, 50 University Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - April M. Falconi
- Stanford Center for Population Health Sciences, Stanford University, 1070 Arastradero Road, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States
| | - Michelle Bass
- Population Research Librarian, Lane Medical Library & Knowledge Management Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Dr L109, Stanford, CA 94305, United States
| | - Mark R. Cullen
- Stanford Center for Population Health Sciences, Stanford University, 1070 Arastradero Road, Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States
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6
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Ben Khedher S, Neri M, Guida F, Matrat M, Cenée S, Sanchez M, Menvielle G, Molinié F, Luce D, Stücker I. Occupational exposure to endotoxins and lung cancer risk: results of the ICARE Study. Occup Environ Med 2017; 74:667-679. [PMID: 28490662 PMCID: PMC5574383 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2016-104117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the role of occupational exposure to endotoxins in lung cancer in a French population-based case–control study (ICARE (Investigation of occupational and environmental causes of respiratory cancers)). Methods Detailed information was collected on the occupational history and smoking habits from 2926 patients with histologically confirmed lung cancer and 3555 matched controls. We evaluated each subject’s endotoxin exposure after cross referencing International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO) codes (for job tasks) and Nomenclature d'Activités Françaises (NAF) codes (for activity sectors). Endotoxin exposure levels were attributed to each work environment based on literature reports. ORs and 95% CIs were estimated using unconditional logistic regression models and controlled for main confounding factors. Results An inverse association between exposure to endotoxins and lung cancer was found (OR=0.80, 95% CI 0.66 to 0.95). Negative trends were shown with duration and cumulative exposure, and the risk was decreased decades after exposure cessation (all statistically significant). Lung cancer risk was particularly reduced among workers highly exposed (eg, in dairy, cattle, poultry, pig farms), but also in those weakly exposed (eg, in waste treatment). Statistically significant interactions were shown with smoking, and never/light smokers were more sensitive to an endotoxin effect than heavy smokers (eg, OR=0.14, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.32 and OR=0.80, 95% CI 0.45 to 1.40, respectively, for the quartiles with the highest cumulative exposure, compared with those never exposed). Pronounced inverse associations were shown with adenocarcinoma histological subtype (OR=0.37, 95% CI 0.25 to 0.55 in the highly exposed). Conclusions Our findings suggest that exposure to endotoxins, even at a low level, reduces the risk of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumaya Ben Khedher
- Centre de recherche en Epidemiologie et Sante des Populations, Universite Paris-Sud, illejuif, France
| | - Monica Neri
- Centre de recherche en Epidemiologie et Sante des Populations, Universite Paris-Sud, illejuif, France
| | - Florence Guida
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, London, UK
| | - Mireille Matrat
- Centre de recherche en Epidemiologie et Sante des Populations, Universite Paris-Sud, illejuif, France.,Faculty of medicine, University Paris Est-Créteil, Créteil Cedex, France.,Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Service de Pneumologie et de Pathologie Professionnelle, Créteil Cedex, France
| | - Sylvie Cenée
- Centre de recherche en Epidemiologie et Sante des Populations, Universite Paris-Sud, illejuif, France
| | - Marie Sanchez
- Centre de recherche en Epidemiologie et Sante des Populations, Universite Paris-Sud, illejuif, France
| | - Gwenn Menvielle
- Department of Social Epidemiology, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | | | - Danièle Luce
- Faculté de Médecine, INSERM, Pointe-à-Pitre, France.,University of Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Isabelle Stücker
- Centre de recherche en Epidemiologie et Sante des Populations, Universite Paris-Sud, illejuif, France
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Bowman JD, Surani S, Horseman MA. Endotoxin, Toll-like Receptor-4, and Atherosclerotic Heart Disease. Curr Cardiol Rev 2017; 13:86-93. [PMID: 27586023 PMCID: PMC5452150 DOI: 10.2174/1573403x12666160901145313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Endotoxin is a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) constituent of the outer membrane of most gram negative bacteria. Ubiquitous in the environment, it has been implicated as a cause or con-tributing factor in several disparate disorders from sepsis to heatstroke and Type II diabetes mellitus. Starting at birth, the innate immune system develops cellular defense mechanisms against environmen-tal microbes that are in part modulated through a series of receptors known as toll-like receptors. Endo-toxin, often referred to as LPS, binds to toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/ myeloid differentiation protein 2 (MD2) complexes on various tissues including cells of the innate immune system, smooth muscle and endothelial cells of blood vessels including coronary arteries, and adipose tissue. Entry of LPS into the systemic circulation ultimately leads to intracellular transcription of several inflammatory mediators. The subsequent inflammation has been implicated in the development and progression atherosclerosis and subsequent coronary artery disease and heart failure. Objective: The potential roles of endotoxin and TLR4 are reviewed regarding their role in the pathogen-esis of atherosclerotic heart disease. Conclusion: Atherosclerosis is initiated by inflammation in arterial endothelial and subendothelial cells, and inflammatory processes are implicated in its progression to clinical heart disease. Endotoxin and TLR4 play a central role in the inflammatory process, and represent potential targets for therapeutic intervention. Therapy with HMG-CoA inhibitors may reduce the expression of TLR4 on monocytes. Other therapeutic interventions targeting TLR4 expression or function may prove beneficial in athero-sclerotic disease prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- John D Bowman
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Kingsville, TX, United States
| | - Salim Surani
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Michael A Horseman
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Kingsville, TX, United States
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY Thousands of workers are engaged in textile industry worldwide. Textile industry involves the use of different kinds of dyes which are known to possess carcinogenic properties. Solvents used in these industries are also associated with different health related hazards including cancer. In previous studies on textile and iron industries, the authors have reported genotoxicity among them and observed occurrence of cancer deaths among textile industry workers. Thus, an attempt has been made to compile the studies on the prevalence of different types of cancers among textile industry workers. LITERATURE SEARCH A wide literature search has been done for compiling the present paper. Papers on cancer occurrence among textile industry workers have been taken from 1976 to 2015. A variety of textile dyes and solvents, many of them being carcinogenic, are being used worldwide in the textile industry. The textile industry workers are therefore, in continuous exposure to these dyes, solvents, fibre dusts and various other toxic chemicals. The present study evaluates the potential of different chemicals and physical factors to be carcinogenic agents among occupationally exposed workers by going through various available reports and researches. Papers were collected using different databases and a number of studies report the association of textile industry and different types of cancer including lung, bladder, colorectal and breast cancer. After going through the available reports, it can be concluded that workers under varied job categories in textile industries are at a higher risk of developing cancer as various chemicals used in the textile industry are toxic and can act as potential health risk in inducing cancer among them. Assessing the cancer risk at different job levels in textile industries may be found useful in assessing the overall risk to the workers and formulating the future cancer preventive strategies.
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Christensen KY, Lavoué J, Rousseau MC, Siemiatycki J. Lack of a protective effect of cotton dust on risk of lung cancer: evidence from two population-based case-control studies. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:212. [PMID: 25885029 PMCID: PMC4392806 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1206-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in North America. Exposure to cotton dust has previously been reported to decrease the risk of lung cancer. METHODS We used data from two large case-control studies conducted in Montreal from 1979-1986 (Study 1) and 1996-2002 (Study 2) respectively, to examine the association between occupational exposure to cotton dust and risk of lung cancer. Cases were diagnosed with incident histologically-confirmed lung cancer (857 in Study 1, 1203 in Study 2). Population controls were randomly selected from electoral lists and frequency-matched to cases by age and sex (533 in Study 1, 1513 in Study 2). Interviews for the two studies used a virtually identical questionnaire to obtain lifetime occupational and smoking history, and several lifestyle covariates. Each participant's lifetime occupational history was reviewed by experts to assess exposure to a number of occupational agents, including cotton dust. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by unconditional logistic regression, adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS The lifetime prevalence of exposure to cotton dust was approximately 10%-15% in both studies combined, with some variation by study and by sex. Overall there was no decreased risk of lung cancer among subjects exposed to cotton dust. Rather, among all subjects there was a suggestion of slightly increased risk associated with any lifetime exposure to cotton dust (OR = 1.2, 95% CI: 1.0-1.5). This risk appeared to be concentrated among cases of adenocarcinoma (OR = 1.6, 95% CI: 1.2-2.2), and among moderate and heavy smokers (OR = 1.3, 95% CI: 1.0-1.7). There was no association when restricting to cases of either squamous cell or small cell cancer, or among never smokers and light smokers. An analogous examination of subjects exposed to wool dust revealed neither increased nor decreased risks of lung cancer. CONCLUSIONS There was no evidence that cotton dust exposure decreased risks of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krista Yorita Christensen
- Environmental Epidemiology and Population Health Research Group, University of Montreal Hospital Research Center (CRCHUM), Tour Saint-Antoine, 850 St. Denis Street, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada.
| | - Jérôme Lavoué
- Environmental Epidemiology and Population Health Research Group, University of Montreal Hospital Research Center (CRCHUM), Tour Saint-Antoine, 850 St. Denis Street, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada.
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Marie-Claude Rousseau
- Environmental Epidemiology and Population Health Research Group, University of Montreal Hospital Research Center (CRCHUM), Tour Saint-Antoine, 850 St. Denis Street, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada.
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- INRS - Institut Armand-Frappier, Laval, QC, Canada.
| | - Jack Siemiatycki
- Environmental Epidemiology and Population Health Research Group, University of Montreal Hospital Research Center (CRCHUM), Tour Saint-Antoine, 850 St. Denis Street, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada.
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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10
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Possible pro-carcinogenic association of endotoxin on lung cancer among Shanghai women textile workers. Br J Cancer 2014; 111:603-7. [PMID: 24921918 PMCID: PMC4119981 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Revised: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide) is a widespread contaminant in many environmental settings. Since the 1970s, there has been generally consistent evidence indicating reduced risks for lung cancer associated with occupational endotoxin exposure. Methods: We updated a case–cohort study nested within a cohort of 267 400 female textile workers in Shanghai, China. We compared exposure histories of 1456 incident lung cancers cases diagnosed during 1989–2006 with those of a reference subcohort of 3022 workers who were free of lung cancer at the end of follow-up. We applied Cox proportional hazards modelling to estimate exposure–response trends, adjusted for age and smoking, for cumulative exposures lagged by 0, 10, and 20 years, and separately for time windows of ⩽15 and >15 years since first exposure. Results: We observed no associations between cumulative exposure and lung cancer, irrespective of lag interval. In contrast, analyses by exposure time windows revealed modestly elevated, but not statistically significant relative risks (∼1.27) at the highest three exposure quintiles for exposures that occurred >15 years since first exposure. Conclusions: The findings do not support a protective effect of endotoxin, but are suggestive of possible lung cancer promotion with increasing time since first exposure.
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11
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Lai PS, Hang JQ, Zhang FY, Lin X, Zheng BY, Dai HL, Su L, Cai T, Christiani DC. Gender differences in the effect of occupational endotoxin exposure on impaired lung function and death: the Shanghai Textile Worker Study. Occup Environ Med 2013; 71:118-125. [PMID: 24297825 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2013-101676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Airborne endotoxin exposure has adverse and protective health effects. Studies show men have augmented acute inflammatory responses to endotoxin. In this longitudinal cohort study we investigated the effect of long-term exposure to endotoxin in cotton dust on health, and determined whether these effects differ by gender. METHODS In the Shanghai Textile Worker Study, 447 cotton and 472 control silk textile workers were followed from 1981 to 2011 with repeated measures of occupational endotoxin exposure, spirometry and health questionnaires. Impaired lung function was defined as a decline in forced expiratory volume in one second to less than the 5th centile of population predicted. Death was ascertained by death registries. We used Cox proportional hazards models to assess the effect of endotoxin exposure on the time to development of impaired lung function and death. RESULTS 128 deaths and 164 diagnoses of impaired lung function were ascertained between 1981 and 2011. HRs for the composite end point of impaired lung function or death was 1.47 (95% CI 1.09 to 1.97) for cotton vs silk workers and 1.04 (95% CI 1.01 to 1.07) per 10 000 endotoxin units (EU)/m(3)-years increase in exposure. HRs for all-cause mortality was 1.36 (95% CI 0.93 to 1.99) for cotton vs silk workers and 1.04 (95% CI 0.99 to 1.08) per 10 000 EU/m(3)-years. The risk associated with occupational endotoxin exposure was elevated only in men. CONCLUSIONS Occupational endotoxin exposure is associated with an increase in the risk of impaired lung function and all-cause mortality in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peggy S Lai
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jing-Qing Hang
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Xinyi Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bu-Yong Zheng
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hei-Lian Dai
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Su
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tianxi Cai
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David C Christiani
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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