1
|
Peters S, Undem K, Solovieva S, Selander J, Schlünssen V, Oude Hengel KM, Albin M, Ge CB, Kjellberg K, McElvenny DM, Gustavsson P, Kolstad HA, Würtz AML, Brinchmann BC, Broberg K, Fossum S, Bugge M, Christensen MW, Ghosh M, Christiansen DH, Merkus SL, Lunde LK, Viikari-Juntura E, Dalbøge A, Falkstedt D, Willert MV, Huss A, Würtz ET, Dumas O, Iversen IB, Leite M, Cramer C, Kirkeleit J, Svanes C, Tinnerberg H, Garcia-Aymerich J, Vested A, Wiebert P, Nordby KC, Godderis L, Vermeulen R, Pronk A, Mehlum IS. Narrative review of occupational exposures and noncommunicable diseases. Ann Work Expo Health 2024; 68:562-580. [PMID: 38815981 PMCID: PMC11229329 DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxae045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Within the scope of the Exposome Project for Health and Occupational Research on applying the exposome concept to working life health, we aimed to provide a broad overview of the status of knowledge on occupational exposures and associated health effects across multiple noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) to help inform research priorities. METHODS We conducted a narrative review of occupational risk factors that can be considered to have "consistent evidence for an association," or where there is "limited/inadequate evidence for an association" for 6 NCD groups: nonmalignant respiratory diseases; neurodegenerative diseases; cardiovascular/metabolic diseases; mental disorders; musculoskeletal diseases; and cancer. The assessment was done in expert sessions, primarily based on systematic reviews, supplemented with narrative reviews, reports, and original studies. Subsequently, knowledge gaps were identified, e.g. based on missing information on exposure-response relationships, gender differences, critical time-windows, interactions, and inadequate study quality. RESULTS We identified over 200 occupational exposures with consistent or limited/inadequate evidence for associations with one or more of 60+ NCDs. Various exposures were identified as possible risk factors for multiple outcomes. Examples are diesel engine exhaust and cadmium, with consistent evidence for lung cancer, but limited/inadequate evidence for other cancer sites, respiratory, neurodegenerative, and cardiovascular diseases. Other examples are physically heavy work, shift work, and decision latitude/job control. For associations with limited/inadequate evidence, new studies are needed to confirm the association. For risk factors with consistent evidence, improvements in study design, exposure assessment, and case definition could lead to a better understanding of the association and help inform health-based threshold levels. CONCLUSIONS By providing an overview of knowledge gaps in the associations between occupational exposures and their health effects, our narrative review will help setting priorities in occupational health research. Future epidemiological studies should prioritize to include large sample sizes, assess exposures prior to disease onset, and quantify exposures. Potential sources of biases and confounding need to be identified and accounted for in both original studies and systematic reviews.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susan Peters
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 2, 3584 CM Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Karina Undem
- National Institute of Occupational Health (STAMI), Gydas vei 8, 0363 Oslo, Norway
| | - Svetlana Solovieva
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, P.O. Box 40 FI-00032 TYÖTERVEYSLAITOS, Finland
| | - Jenny Selander
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vivi Schlünssen
- Department of Public Health, Research Unit for Environment, Occupation and Health, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 2 DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Karen M Oude Hengel
- Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research TNO, Princetonlaan 6 3584 CB Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Maria Albin
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Calvin B Ge
- Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research TNO, Princetonlaan 6 3584 CB Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Katarina Kjellberg
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Torsplan, Solnavägen 4, 113 65 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Damien M McElvenny
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Research Ave N, Currie EH14 4AP, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Rd, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Per Gustavsson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Henrik A Kolstad
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99. DK-8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anne Mette L Würtz
- Department of Public Health, Research Unit for Environment, Occupation and Health, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 2 DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Bendik C Brinchmann
- National Institute of Occupational Health (STAMI), Gydas vei 8, 0363 Oslo, Norway
| | - Karin Broberg
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stine Fossum
- National Institute of Occupational Health (STAMI), Gydas vei 8, 0363 Oslo, Norway
| | - Merete Bugge
- National Institute of Occupational Health (STAMI), Gydas vei 8, 0363 Oslo, Norway
| | - Mette Wulf Christensen
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99. DK-8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Manosij Ghosh
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Environment & Health, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 7, box 7001 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - David Høyrup Christiansen
- Centre of Elective surgery, Region Hospital Silkeborg, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Falkevej 3. 8600 Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Suzanne L Merkus
- National Institute of Occupational Health (STAMI), Gydas vei 8, 0363 Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars-Kristian Lunde
- National Institute of Occupational Health (STAMI), Gydas vei 8, 0363 Oslo, Norway
| | - Eira Viikari-Juntura
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, P.O. Box 40 FI-00032 TYÖTERVEYSLAITOS, Finland
| | - Annett Dalbøge
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99. DK-8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Daniel Falkstedt
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Morten Vejs Willert
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99. DK-8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anke Huss
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 2, 3584 CM Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Else Toft Würtz
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99. DK-8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Orianne Dumas
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Univ. Paris-Sud, Inserm, Équipe d’Épidémiologie respiratoire intégrative, CESP, 94807, Villejuif, France
| | - Inge Brosbøl Iversen
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99. DK-8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mimmi Leite
- National Institute of Occupational Health (STAMI), Gydas vei 8, 0363 Oslo, Norway
| | - Christine Cramer
- Department of Public Health, Research Unit for Environment, Occupation and Health, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 2 DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99. DK-8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jorunn Kirkeleit
- National Institute of Occupational Health (STAMI), Gydas vei 8, 0363 Oslo, Norway
- Centre for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Årstadveien 17 Block D 5009 Bergen, Norway
| | - Cecilie Svanes
- Centre for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Årstadveien 17 Block D 5009 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, P.O box 1400 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Håkan Tinnerberg
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Gothenburg University, Huvudbyggnad Vasaparken, Universitetsplatsen 1, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Judith Garcia-Aymerich
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), C/ Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), carrer de la Mercè 12, 08002 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Anne Vested
- Department of Public Health, Research Unit for Environment, Occupation and Health, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 2 DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Pernilla Wiebert
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Torsplan, Solnavägen 4, 113 65 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Lode Godderis
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Environment & Health, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 7, box 7001 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 2, 3584 CM Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Anjoeka Pronk
- Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research TNO, Princetonlaan 6 3584 CB Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ingrid Sivesind Mehlum
- National Institute of Occupational Health (STAMI), Gydas vei 8, 0363 Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospitals, Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, DK-Copenhagen 2400 NV, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5 1353 Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mumuni S, O’Donnell C, Doody O. The Risk Factors and Screening Uptake for Prostate Cancer: A Scoping Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2780. [PMID: 37893854 PMCID: PMC10606491 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11202780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this scoping review was to identify the risk factors and screening uptake for prostate cancer. DESIGN Scoping review. METHODS Arksey and O'Malley's framework guided this review; five databases (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Academic Search Complete and Cochrane Library) and grey literature were searched. Screening was undertaken against predetermined inclusion criteria for articles published before July 2023 and written in English. This review is reported in line with PRISMA-Sc. RESULTS 10,899 database results were identified; 3676 papers were removed as duplicates and 7115 papers were excluded at title and abstract review. A total of 108 papers were full-text reviewed and 67 were included in the review. Grey literature searching yielded no results. Age, family history/genetics, hormones, race/ethnicity, exposure to hazards, geographical location and diet were identified as risk factors. Prostatic antigen test (PSA), digital rectal examination (DRE), transrectal ultrasound (TRUS), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) and prostate biopsy were identified as screening/diagnostic methods. The evidence reviewed highlights moderate knowledge and screening uptake of prostate cancer with less than half of men reporting for PSA screening. On the other hand, there is a year-to-year increase in PSA and DRE screening, but factors such as poverty, religion, culture, communication barriers, language and costs affect men's uptake of prostate cancer screening. CONCLUSION As prostate cancer rates increase globally, there is a need for greater uptake of prostate cancer screening and improved health literacy among men and health workers. There is a need to develop a comprehensive prostate cancer awareness and screening programme that targets men and addresses uptake issues so as to provide safe, quality care. STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS OF THIS STUDY (1) A broad search strategy was utilised incorporating both databases and grey literature. (2) The PRISMA reporting guidelines were utilised. (3) Only English language papers were included, and this may have resulted in relevant articles being omitted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seidu Mumuni
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland; (S.M.); (C.O.)
| | - Claire O’Donnell
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland; (S.M.); (C.O.)
- Health Research Institute, Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
| | - Owen Doody
- Health Research Institute, Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Boafo IM, Tetteh PM, Hiadzi RA. Exploring prostate cancer screening among men in Accra using the health belief model. Ghana Med J 2023; 57:226-233. [PMID: 38957671 PMCID: PMC11216731 DOI: 10.4314/gmj.v57i3.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the prevalence of prostate cancer screening among Ghanaian men and interrogate why some individuals screen for the disease and others do not. Design A cross-sectional questionnaire survey based on the Health Belief Model was used to collect data from 356 men aged 40 years and above. Data were collected between February and March 2021. Setting The study was conducted in the Accra metropolitan area of the Greater Accra region of Ghana. Participants Convenience sampling was used to recruit participants for the study. Results Although 86% of the respondents had heard about prostate cancer, only 23% had ever screened for it. Logistic regression analysis suggested that knowledge of the disease (OR = 1.19, CI 95% = 1.03 -1.38) and barriers to screening (OR = .87, CI 95% = .83 -.91) were statistically significant predictors of screening behaviour. Conclusion HBM has limited predictive power as far as our study is concerned. We suggest increasing public education on prostate cancer and its screening methods. The cost of screening should also be made more affordable so as not to become a barrier. Funding None declared.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isaac M Boafo
- University of Ghana, School of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology, Legon, Ghana
| | - Peace M Tetteh
- University of Ghana, School of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology, Legon, Ghana
| | - Rosemond A Hiadzi
- University of Ghana, School of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology, Legon, Ghana
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Modifiable risk factors for prostate cancer in low- and lower-middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2022; 25:453-462. [PMID: 35790786 DOI: 10.1038/s41391-022-00570-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most of the epidemiological data on prostate cancer risk factors come from high-income countries (HIC). Reducing exposure to prostate cancer modifiable risk factors may significantly lower PCa morbidity and mortality in LIC and MIC. The objective of this study was to summarize the evidence on modifiable risk factors (RFs) for PCa in LIC and lower-middle-income countries (LMIC). METHODS We conducted a systematic search on MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Global Health databases. We selected case-control and cohort studies from 2010 onwards that studied modifiable RFs for PCa in LIC and LMIC with a population of 30 million or more, as defined by the World Bank in January 2021. Risk of bias was assessed by the Ottawa-Newcastle tool. Individual study estimates were pooled when estimates were available for at least two studies. RESULTS 5740 studies were initially identified; 16 studies met inclusion criteria. All were case-control studies except one retrospective cohort study. Higher fat intake was associated with a higher risk of PCa incidence with an odds ratio (OR) of 3.13 (95% CI 1.33-7.33). Higher vegetable intake (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.24-0.97) and tea consumption (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.32-0.83) were associated with a lower risk for PCa. There was no association between fruits, fish, and chicken consumption and risk of PCa. Alcohol consumption, smoking, red meat intake, and a BMI ≥ 25-30 kg/m2 showed a trend towards an increased risk, although these were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS In LIC and LMIC, high fat intake was associated with higher risk of PCa while a diet rich in vegetables and tea intake was associated with a lower risk. Future prospective studies will be important to elucidate whether other modifiable risk factors for PCa specific to LIC and LMIC can be identified to inform impactful and cost-effective preventive strategies in these countries.
Collapse
|
5
|
Occupation and prostate Cancer risk: results from the epidemiological study of prostate cancer (EPICAP). J Occup Med Toxicol 2022; 17:5. [PMID: 35130905 PMCID: PMC8819870 DOI: 10.1186/s12995-022-00346-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequent male cancer in industrialized countries, little is known about its aetiology. The literature has suggested an influence of the environment, including occupational exposures, but results are inconsistent. In this context, we investigated PCa risk associated to employment among several occupations using data from EPICAP study. Methods EPICAP is a French population-based case-control study including 819 PCa incident cases and 879 controls frequency-matched on age. In-person interviews gathered data on potential risk factors and lifetime occupational histories for each job held at least 6 months. Then, occupations were coded using ISCO 68. Unconditional logistic regressions were performed to assess the association between occupations (ever occupied and by duration) and PCa risk, whether all and aggressive, after adjusting for potential confounders. Results For ≥10 years of employment, we found positive associations with PCa, whether overall and aggressive, among Medical, Dental and Veterinary workers (OR (odds ratios) =5.01 [95% confidence interval] [1.27; 19.77]), Members of the armed forces (OR = 5.14 [0.99; 26.71]) and Fishermen, hunters and related workers (OR = 4.58 [1.33; 15.78]); whether overall and non-aggressive PCa, among Legislative officials and Government administrators (OR = 3.30 [1.10; 9.84]) or Managers (OR = 1.68 [1.18; 2.41]); however a negative association, whether overall and non-aggressive PCa, among Material-Handling and Related Equipment Operators, Dockers and Freight Handlers (OR = 0.40 [0.17; 0.97]). Conclusion Excess PCa risks were observed in the EPICAP study mostly among white collar workers exposed to several factors in their work environment. These emerging associations can be used to lead future research investigating specific occupational exposures. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12995-022-00346-2.
Collapse
|
6
|
Qi T, Huang Y, Li S, Ying Q, Jiang Z, Ma L, Li C, Chen P, Xu W, Lan Y, Chu K, Xu L, Lou J, Yu W, Zhou J. Associations of age at natural menopause and occupations in Chinese female workers: A cross-sectional study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 195:110776. [PMID: 33516685 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.110776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the impact of occupation types on age at natural menopause. METHODS This is a nation-wide cross-sectional study based on 17,948 female workers aged over 40, who come from different industries or organizations. A face-to-face standardized questionnaire was conducted in all participants with the help of occupational hygienists. Occupational titles were coded according to the International Standard Classification of Occupations (2008) (ISCO08). Cox regression model was used to assess the association between each independent occupation and menopausal timing. Models were adjusted for marriage, education, average annual family income, parity, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption. RESULTS Higher risks of earlier age at natural menopause was found among legislators and senior officials (ISCO Minor group:111, HR = 2.328, P < 0.001), among other health associated professionals (ISCO Minor group: 325, HR = 1.477, P = 0.003), the workers involved in mining and mineral processing (ISCO Minor group: 811, HR = 1.515, P = 0.048) and metal processing and finishing (ISCO Minor group: 812, HR = 1.722, P < 0.001). Reduced risks of earlier age at natural menopause, including: finance professionals (ISCO Minor group: 241, HR = 0.751, P = 0.021), manufacturing and construction supervisors (ISCO Minor group: 312, HR = 0.477, P = 0.002), administrative and specialized secretaries (ISCO Minor group: 334, HR = 0.788, P = 0.045), cleaners and helpers (ISCO Minor group: 911, HR = 0.633, P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to address the influence of occupation types on reproductive aging, showing some specific occupations could be associated with age at natural menopause. Further investigations are necessary to clarify whether it is chance finding or a true association.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tongyun Qi
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yizhou Huang
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Saisai Li
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Ying
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, 310022, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoqiang Jiang
- Institute of Occupational Disease, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, 310013, People's Republic of China
| | - Linjuan Ma
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunming Li
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Peiqiong Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxian Xu
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yibing Lan
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Ketan Chu
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Xu
- Zhejiang Maternal and Child Care and Reproductive Health Center, Hangzhou, 310012, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianlin Lou
- Institute of Occupational Disease, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, 310013, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wenlan Yu
- National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianhong Zhou
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hurwitz LM, Yeboah ED, Biritwum RB, Tettey Y, Adjei AA, Mensah JE, Tay E, Okyne V, Truelove A, Kelly SP, Zhou CK, Butler EN, Hoover RN, Hsing AW, Cook MB. Overall and abdominal obesity and prostate cancer risk in a West African population: An analysis of the Ghana Prostate Study. Int J Cancer 2020; 147:2669-2676. [PMID: 32350862 PMCID: PMC7530105 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Obesity has been associated with an increased risk of advanced prostate cancer. However, most studies have been conducted among North American and European populations. Prostate cancer mortality appears elevated in West Africa, yet risk factors for prostate cancer in this region are unknown. We thus examined the relationship between obesity and prostate cancer using a case-control study conducted in Accra, Ghana in 2004 to 2012. Cases and controls were drawn from a population-based sample of 1037 men screened for prostate cancer, yielding 73 cases and 964 controls. An additional 493 incident cases were recruited from the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital. Anthropometric measurements were taken at enrollment. We used logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations between body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-hip ratio (WHR) and prostate cancer, adjusting for potential confounders. The mean BMI was 25.1 kg/m2 for cases and 24.3 kg/m2 for controls. After adjustment, men with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 had an increased risk of prostate cancer relative to men with BMI < 25 kg/m2 (OR 1.86, 95% CI 1.11-3.13). Elevated WC (OR 1.76, 95% CI 1.24-2.51) and WHR (OR 1.46, 95% CI 0.99-2.16) were also associated with prostate cancer. Associations were not modified by smoking status and were evident for low- and high-grade disease. These findings indicate that overall and abdominal obesity are positively associated with prostate cancer among men in Ghana, implicating obesity as a potentially modifiable risk factor for prostate cancer in this region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M. Hurwitz
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Yao Tettey
- University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana
| | | | | | - Evelyn Tay
- University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana
| | - Vicky Okyne
- University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana
| | | | - Scott P. Kelly
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Cindy Ke Zhou
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Eboneé N. Butler
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Robert N. Hoover
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ann W. Hsing
- Stanford Prevention Research Center and Cancer Institute, Palo Alto, CA
- Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Michael B. Cook
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Peters CE, Villeneuve PJ, Parent MÉ. Occupation as a predictor of prostate cancer screening behaviour in Canada. J Med Screen 2020; 27:215-222. [PMID: 32000565 DOI: 10.1177/0969141320902485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES If prostate cancer screening practices relate to occupation, this would have important implications when studying the aetiological role of workplace exposures on prostate cancer. We identified variations in screening by occupation among men in Montreal, Canada (2005-2012). METHODS Prostate specific antigen testing and digital rectal examination (ever-screened and frequency of screening, previous five years) were examined among population controls from the Prostate Cancer & Environment Study. Face-to-face interviews elicited lifestyle and occupational histories. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the odds of ever-screening for the longest-held occupation, adjusting for potential confounders. Negative binomial models were used to examine relationships with screening frequency. RESULTS Among 1989 controls, 81% reported ever having had a prostate specific antigen test, and 77% a digital rectal examination. Approximately 40% of men reported having a prostate specific antigen test once a year, on average. Compared with those in management or administrative jobs, men in primary industry (odds ratio 0.26, 95% confidence interval 0.10-0.65), construction (0.44, 0.25-0.79), machining (0.45, 0.21-0.97), and teaching (0.37, 0.20-0.70) were less likely to have undergone prostate specific antigen screening. Results were similar when considering the most recent job. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight substantial variations in prostate cancer screening by occupation. Men in occupations where carcinogen exposures are more common are less likely to participate in prostate screening activities. This could be an important source of bias, and occupational studies of prostate cancer should account for screening practices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl E Peters
- Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada.,Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut national de la recherche scientifique, Université du Québec, Laval, Canada.,Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Canada
| | - Paul J Villeneuve
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Marie-Élise Parent
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut national de la recherche scientifique, Université du Québec, Laval, Canada
| |
Collapse
|