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Ackermann M, Werlein C, Plucinski E, Leypold S, Kühnel MP, Verleden SE, Khalil HA, Länger F, Welte T, Mentzer SJ, Jonigk DD. The role of vasculature and angiogenesis in respiratory diseases. Angiogenesis 2024:10.1007/s10456-024-09910-2. [PMID: 38580869 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-024-09910-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
In European countries, nearly 10% of all hospital admissions are related to respiratory diseases, mainly chronic life-threatening diseases such as COPD, pulmonary hypertension, IPF or lung cancer. The contribution of blood vessels and angiogenesis to lung regeneration, remodeling and disease progression has been increasingly appreciated. The vascular supply of the lung shows the peculiarity of dual perfusion of the pulmonary circulation (vasa publica), which maintains a functional blood-gas barrier, and the bronchial circulation (vasa privata), which reveals a profiled capacity for angiogenesis (namely intussusceptive and sprouting angiogenesis) and alveolar-vascular remodeling by the recruitment of endothelial precursor cells. The aim of this review is to outline the importance of vascular remodeling and angiogenesis in a variety of non-neoplastic and neoplastic acute and chronic respiratory diseases such as lung infection, COPD, lung fibrosis, pulmonary hypertension and lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Ackermann
- Institute of Pathology, University Clinics of RWTH University, Aachen, Germany.
- Institute of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, Helios University Clinic Wuppertal, University of Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany.
- Institute of Anatomy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany.
| | | | - Edith Plucinski
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sophie Leypold
- Institute of Pathology, University Clinics of RWTH University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Mark P Kühnel
- Institute of Pathology, University Clinics of RWTH University, Aachen, Germany
- Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Stijn E Verleden
- Antwerp Surgical Training, Anatomy and Research Centre (ASTARC), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Hassan A Khalil
- Division of Thoracic and Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA
- Laboratory of Adaptive and Regenerative Biology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Florian Länger
- Institute of Pathology, University Clinics of RWTH University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Tobias Welte
- Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Hannover, Germany
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Steven J Mentzer
- Division of Thoracic and Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA
- Laboratory of Adaptive and Regenerative Biology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Danny D Jonigk
- Institute of Pathology, University Clinics of RWTH University, Aachen, Germany
- Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Hannover, Germany
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Abstract
Viral respiratory diseases constitute the most common reasons for hospitalization with more than half of all acute illnesses worldwide. Progressive respiratory failure with pronounced diffuse alveolar damage has been identified as the primary cause of death in COVID-19. COVID-19 pneumonia shares common histopathological hallmarks with influenza (H1N1)-related ARDS, like diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) with edema, hemorrhage, and intra-alveolar fibrin deposition. The lungs with COVID-19 pneumonia revealed perivascular inflammation, an endothelial injury, microangiopathy, and an aberrant blood vessel neoformation by intussusceptive angiogenesis. While this pronounced angiocentric inflammation is likely be found - to varying degrees - in numerous other organs, e.g., the heart, COVID-19 is hypothesized to be not just a pulmonary, but rather a systemic "vascular disease."
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Chen X, Chen J, Song Y, Su X. Vagal α7nAChR signaling regulates α7nAChR +Sca1 + cells during lung injury repair. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:375. [PMID: 32867826 PMCID: PMC7457374 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01892-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The distal airways of the lung and bone marrow are innervated by the vagus nerve. Vagal α7nAChR signaling plays a key role in regulating lung infection and inflammation; however, whether this pathway regulates α7nAChR+Sca1+ cells during lung injury repair remains unknown. We hypothesized that vagal α7nAChR signaling controls α7nAChR+Sca1+ cells, which contribute to the resolution of lung injury. Methods Pneumonia was induced by intratracheal challenge with E. coli. The bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs) were isolated from the bone marrow of pneumonia mice for immunofluorescence. The bone marrow, blood, BAL, and lung cells were isolated for flow cytometric analysis by labeling with anti-Sca1, VE-cadherin, p-Akt1, or Flk1 antibodies. Immunofluorescence was also used to examine the coexpression of α7nAChR, VE-cadherin, and p-Akt1. Sham, vagotomized, α7nAChR knockout, and Akt1 knockout mice were infected with E. coli to study the regulatory role of vagal α7nAChR signaling and Akt1 in Sca1+ cells. Results During pneumonia, BM-MNCs were enriched with α7nAChR+Sca1+ cells, and this cell population proliferated. Transplantation of pneumonia BM-MNCs could mitigate lung injury and increase engraftment in recipient pneumonia lungs. Activation of α7nAChR by its agonist could boost α7nAChR+Sca1+ cells in the bone marrow, peripheral blood, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in pneumonia. Immunofluorescence revealed that α7nAChR, VE-cadherin, and p-Akt1 were coexpressed in the bone marrow cells. Vagotomy could reduce α7nAChR+VE-cadherin+ and VE-cadherin+p-Akt1+ cells in the bone marrow in pneumonia. Knockout of α7nAChR reduced VE-cadherin+ cells and p-Akt1+ cells in the bone marrow. Deletion of Akt1 reduced Sca1+ cells in the bone marrow and BAL. More importantly, 91.3 ± 4.9% bone marrow and 77.8 ± 4.9% lung α7nAChR+Sca1+VE-cadherin+ cells expressed Flk1, which is a key marker of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). Vagotomy reduced α7nAChR+Sca1+VE-cadherin+p-Akt1+ cells in the bone marrow and lung from pneumonia mice. Treatment with cultured EPCs reduced ELW compared to PBS treatment in E. coli pneumonia mice at 48 h. The ELW was further reduced by treatment with EPCs combining with α7nAChR agonist-PHA568487 compared to EPC treatments only. Conclusions Vagal α7nAChR signaling regulates α7nAChR+Sca1+VE-cadherin+ EPCs via phosphorylation of Akt1 during lung injury repair in pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Chen
- Unit of Respiratory Infection and Immunity, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanlin Song
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Qingpu Branch, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiao Su
- Unit of Respiratory Infection and Immunity, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, People's Republic of China.
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Liu A, Zhang X, He H, Zhou L, Naito Y, Sugita S, Lee JW. Therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem/stromal cell-derived secretome and vesicles for lung injury and disease. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2019; 20:125-140. [PMID: 31701782 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2020.1689954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a devastating clinical condition common in patients with respiratory failure. Based largely on numerous preclinical studies and recent Phase I/II clinical trials, administration of stem cells, specifically mesenchymal stem or stromal cells (MSC), as a therapeutic for acute lung injury (ALI) holds great promise. However, concern for the use of stem cells, specifically the risk of iatrogenic tumor formation, remains unresolved. Accumulating evidence now suggest that stem cell-derived conditioned medium (CM) and/or extracellular vesicles (EV) might constitute compelling alternatives.Areas covered: The current review focuses on the preclinical studies testing MSC CM and/or EV as treatment for ALI and other inflammatory lung diseases.Expert opinion: Clinical application of MSC or their secreted CM may be limited by the cost of growing enough cells, the logistic of MSC storage, and the lack of standardization of what constitutes MSC CM. However, the clinical application of MSC EV remains promising, primarily due to the ability of EV to maintain the functional phenotype of the parent cell as a therapeutic. However, utilization of MSC EV will also require large-scale production, the cost of which may be prohibitive unless the potency of the EV can be increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Airan Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiwen Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongli He
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Li Zhou
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yoshifumi Naito
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Shinji Sugita
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jae-Woo Lee
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Bui KCT, Kim R, Abbasi A, Nguyen M, Villosis MF, Chen Q. Erythropoietin treatment is associated with a reduction in moderate to severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants. A regional retrospective study. Early Hum Dev 2019; 137:104831. [PMID: 31374455 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2019.104831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Erythropoietin treatment is associated with a reduction in moderate to severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants. A regional retrospective study. OBJECTIVE To determine whether premature infants treated with erythropoietin (Epo) in the neonatal period for anemia had a lower incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), defined as oxygen need at 36 weeks postmenstrual age, and lower rehospitalization rates in the first year of life than infants not exposed. METHODS Retrospective study of a population of infants born at 23 to 32 weeks gestational age, between January 2009 and December 2014, with birthweight ≤1500 g. Patient characteristics, and risk factors for BPD were compared between patients who received erythropoietin, and those not exposed. To examine the association between the outcomes of BPD at 36 weeks PMA, rehospitalization, and erythropoietin treatment, we performed a propensity score (PS) analysis using inverse probability of treatment weighted (IPTW) approach. For comparison, we conducted a logistic regression adjusting for the same covariates used to generate PS using the original population. RESULTS The study population included 1821 preterm infants: 928 received Epo and 893 did not. Epo treatment was associated with a reduction in BPD (18.8% versus 25.9%, p < 0.01) at 36 weeks PMA and reduced median length of stay with lowest BPD rate with Epo initiation before 2 weeks of age. There was no difference in rehospitalization rates in the first year of life. CONCLUSION Erythropoietin treatment was associated with a reduction in BPD but not in rehospitalization rate in the first year of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Chi T Bui
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaiser Permanente Los Angeles, United States of America.
| | - Romina Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaiser Permanente Los Angeles, United States of America
| | | | | | | | - Qiaoling Chen
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, United States of America
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Jin Y, Yang C, Sui X, Cai Q, Guo L, Liu Z. Endothelial progenitor cell transplantation attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury via regulating miR-10a/b-5p. Lipids Health Dis 2019; 18:136. [PMID: 31174540 PMCID: PMC6556024 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-019-1079-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are shown to attenuate lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced acute lung injury (ALI) in animal models. However, the molecular mechanism is largely unknown. Materials and methods The animal model of ALI was induced by intratracheal instillation of purified LPS with 2.5 mg/ml/kg. The expression of microRNAs and ADAM15 in lung tissues and LPS-induced mouse pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (MPMVECs) was determined by quantitative real-time PCR and western blot analysis. The target relationship between miR-10a/b-5p and ADAM15 was confirmed by luciferase reporter assay and RNA interference. The effect of EPCs on MPMVEC proliferation was detected by MTT assay. Results EPCs increased the expression of miR-10a/b-5p and reduced ADAM15 protein level in LPS-induced ALI lung tissues and MPMVECs (p < 0.05), and promoted LPS-induced MPMVEC proliferation (p < 0.05). ADAM15 was confirmed to be a downstream target of miR-10a/b-5p. Additionally, EPCs promoted LPS-induced MPMVEC proliferation and exerted the therapeutic effect of ALI via regulating miR-10a/b-5p/ADAM15 axis. Conclusion EPC transplantation exerted its therapeutic effect of ALI via increasing miR-10a/b-5p and reducing ADAM15, thus providing a novel insight into the molecular mechanism of EPC transplantation in treating ALI. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12944-019-1079-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jin
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No.155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No.155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xintong Sui
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No.155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Quan Cai
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No.155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Guo
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No.155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Liu
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No.155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110001, People's Republic of China.
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Wang Y, Liu HN, Zhen Z, Yiu KH, Tse HF, Pelekos G, Tonetti M, Jin L. Periodontal treatment modulates gene expression of endothelial progenitor cells in diabetic patients. J Clin Periodontol 2017; 44:1253-1263. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Discipline of Periodontology; Faculty of Dentistry; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Hin Nam Liu
- Discipline of Periodontology; Faculty of Dentistry; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Zhe Zhen
- Division of Cardiology; Department of Medicine; Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Kai Hang Yiu
- Division of Cardiology; Department of Medicine; Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Hung Fat Tse
- Division of Cardiology; Department of Medicine; Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong SAR China
| | - George Pelekos
- Discipline of Periodontology; Faculty of Dentistry; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Maurizio Tonetti
- Discipline of Periodontology; Faculty of Dentistry; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Lijian Jin
- Discipline of Periodontology; Faculty of Dentistry; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong SAR China
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Yu M, Wang C, Zeng G, Zeng G, Zhou L, Chen T, Tan X, Wang Y. Toll‑like receptor 4 is expressed and functional in late endothelial progenitor cells. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:5549-5554. [PMID: 28849058 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been previously demonstrated that lipopolysaccharides (LPS) inhibit the viability, migration, adhesion and in vitro angiogenesis of late endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). However, the mechanisms underlying this LPS‑induced impairment of late EPC functional activity are unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether Toll‑like receptor 4 (TLR4) is expressed and functional on late EPCs, using late EPCs of 3‑5 passages. Cells were deprived of serum for 24 h prior to experiments and incubated with 10 µg/ml LPS for 24 h with or without pretreatment with 2 µg/ml TLR4 signaling inhibitor CLI‑095 for 30 min. The viability, migration, adhesion and in vitro angiogenesis, as well as the expression of silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1), in late EPCs were evaluated. Treatment with 10 µg/ml LPS decreased the viability, migration and adhesion abilities, and in vitro angiogenesis of late EPCs. Pretreatment with the TLR4 signaling inhibitor reversed this LPS‑induced dysfunction of late EPCs. LPS downregulated the expression of SIRT1 protein, however, blocking TLR4 attenuated the effect of LPS on SIRT1 expression. Therefore, the results of the present study indicate that LPS impaired the functional activity of late EPCs via TLR4, which may be associated with decreased SIRT1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Cantian Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Guoning Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Guoning Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Lihong Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Xuerui Tan
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Yanping Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
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Ding DC, Shyu WC, Lin SZ, Li H. The Role of Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Ischemic Cerebral and Heart Diseases. Cell Transplant 2017; 16:273-84. [PMID: 17503738 DOI: 10.3727/000000007783464777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart and cerebral diseases are complex clinical syndromes. Endothelial dysfunction caused by dysfunctional endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) is thought to play a major role in pathophysiology of both types of disease. Healthy EPCs may be able to replace the dysfunctional endothelium through endogenous repair mechanisms. EPC levels are changed in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disease and EPCs may play a role in the pathophysiology of these diseases. EPCs are also a marker for preventive and therapeutic interventions. Homing of EPCs to ischemic sites is a mechanism of ischemic tissue repair, and molecules such as stromal-derived factor-1 and integrin may play a role in EPC homing in ischemic disease. Potentiation of the function and numbers of EPCs as well as combining EPCs with other pharmaceutical agents may improve the condition of ischemia patients. However, the precise role of EPCs in ischemic heart and cerebral disease and their therapeutic potential still remain to be explored. Here, we discuss the identification, mobilization, and clinical implications of EPCs in ischemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dah-Ching Ding
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
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Onoyama S, Qiu L, Low HP, Chang CI, Strohsnitter WC, Norwitz ER, Lopresti M, Edmiston K, Lee IM, Trichopoulos D, Lagiou P, Hsieh CC. Prenatal Maternal Physical Activity and Stem Cells in Umbilical Cord Blood. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2016. [PMID: 26197028 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000000731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Early life processes, through influence on fetal stem cells, affect postnatal and adult health outcomes. This study examines the effects of physical activity before and during pregnancy on stem cell counts in umbilical cord blood. METHODS We isolated mononuclear cells from umbilical cord blood samples from 373 singleton full-term pregnancies and quantified hematopoietic (CD34(+), CD34(+)CD38(-), and CD34(+) c-kit(+)), endothelial (CD34(+)CD133(+), CD34(+)CD133(+)VEGFR2(+), CD34(+)VEGFR2(+), and CD133(+)VEGFR2(+)), and putative breast (EpCAM(+), EpCAM(+)CD49f(+), EpCAM(+)CD49f(+)CD117(+), CD49f(+)CD24(+), CD24(+)CD29(+), and CD24(+)CD29(+)CD49f(+)) stem/progenitor cell subpopulations by flow cytometry. Information on physical activities before and during pregnancy was obtained from questionnaires. Weekly energy expenditure was estimated based on metabolic equivalent task values. RESULTS Prepregnancy vigorous exercise was associated positively with levels of endothelial CD34(+)CD133(+), CD34(+)CD133(+)VEGFR2(+), CD34(+)VEGFR2(+), and CD133(+)VEGFR2(+ )progenitor cell populations (P = 0.02, P = 0.01, P = 0.001, and P = 0.003, respectively); positive associations were observed in samples from the first births and those from the second or later births. Prepregnancy moderate and light exercises and light exercise during the first trimester were not significantly associated with any stem/progenitor cell population. Light exercise during the second trimester was positively associated with CD34(+)VEGFR2(+) endothelial progenitor cells (P = 0.03). In addition, levels of EpCAM(+)CD49f(+) and CD49f(+)CD24(+) breast stem cells were significantly lower among pregnant women who engaged in vigorous/moderate exercise during pregnancy (P = 0.05 and P = 0.02, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Vigorous exercise before pregnancy increases the number of endothelial progenitor cells in umbilical cord blood and thus could potentially enhance endothelial function and improve cardiovascular fitness in the offspring. Findings of lower levels of putative breast stem cell subpopulations could have implications on exercise and breast cancer prevention. Prenatal effects of exercise on fetal stem cells warrant further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagano Onoyama
- 1Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA; 2Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA; 3Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School and UMass Memorial Health Care, Worcester, MA; 4Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; 5Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; and 6Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology, and Medical Statistics, University of Athens, Athens, GREECE
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Abstract
Adult or somatic stem cells are tissue-resident cells with the ability to proliferate, exhibit self-maintenance as well as to generate new cells with the principal phenotypes of the tissue in response to injury or disease. Due to their easy accessibility and their potential use in regenerative medicine, adult stem cells raise the hope for future personalisable therapies. After infection or during injury, they are exposed to broad range of pathogen or damage-associated molecules leading to changes in their proliferation, migration and differentiation. The sensing of such damage and infection signals is mostly achieved by Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) with Toll-like receptor 4 being responsible for recognition of bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and endogenous danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). In this review, we examine the current state of knowledge on the TLR4-mediated signalling in different adult stem cell populations. Specifically, we elaborate on the role of TLR4 and its ligands on proliferation, differentiation and migration of mesenchymal stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells as well as neural stem cells. Finally, we discuss conceptual and technical pitfalls in investigation of TLR4 signalling in stem cells.
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Millar FR, Summers C, Griffiths MJ, Toshner MR, Proudfoot AG. The pulmonary endothelium in acute respiratory distress syndrome: insights and therapeutic opportunities. Thorax 2016; 71:462-73. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2015-207461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Xu X, Yang J, Li N, Wu R, Tian H, Song H, Wang H. Role of Endothelial Progenitor Cell Transplantation in Rats With Sepsis. Transplant Proc 2015; 47:2991-3001. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2015.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Jönsson D, Spinell T, Vrettos A, Stoecklin-Wasmer C, Celenti R, Demmer RT, Kebschull M, Papapanou PN. Circulating endothelial progenitor cells in periodontitis. J Periodontol 2015; 85:1739-47. [PMID: 25101916 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2014.140153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several biologically plausible mechanisms have been proposed to mediate the association between periodontitis and atherosclerotic vascular disease (AVD), including adverse effects on vascular endothelial function. Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (cEPCs) are known to contribute to vascular repair, but limited data are available regarding the relationship between cEPC levels and periodontitis. The aims of this cross-sectional study are to investigate the levels of hemangioblastic and monocytic cEPCs in patients with periodontitis and periodontally healthy controls and to associate cEPC levels with the extent and severity of periodontitis. METHODS A total of 112 individuals (56 patients with periodontitis and 56 periodontally healthy controls, aged 26 to 65 years; mean age: 43 years) were enrolled. All participants underwent a full-mouth periodontal examination and provided a blood sample. Hemangioblastic cEPCs were assessed using flow cytometry, and monocytic cEPCs were identified using immunohistochemistry in cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells. cEPC levels were analyzed in the entire sample, as well as in a subset of 50 pairs of patients with periodontitis/periodontally healthy controls, matched with respect to age, sex, and menstrual cycle. RESULTS Levels of hemangioblastic cEPCs were approximately 2.3-fold higher in patients with periodontitis than periodontally healthy controls, after adjustments for age, sex, physical activity, systolic blood pressure, and body mass index (P = 0.001). A non-significant trend for higher levels of monocytic cEPCs in periodontitis was also observed. The levels of hemangioblastic cEPCs were positively associated with the extent of bleeding on probing, probing depth, and clinical attachment loss. Hemangioblastic and monocytic cEPC levels were not correlated (Spearman correlation coefficient 0.03, P = 0.77), suggesting that they represent independent populations of progenitor cells. CONCLUSION These findings further support the notion that oral infections have extraoral effects and document that periodontitis is associated with a mobilization of EPCs from the bone marrow, apparently in response to systemic inflammation and endothelial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Jönsson
- Division of Periodontics, Section of Oral and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY
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15
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Lehle K, Friedl L, Wilm J, Philipp A, Müller T, Lubnow M, Schmid C. Accumulation of Multipotent Progenitor Cells on Polymethylpentene Membranes During Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation. Artif Organs 2015; 40:577-85. [PMID: 26510997 DOI: 10.1111/aor.12599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Multipotent progenitor cells were mobilized during pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). We hypothesize that these cells also adhered onto polymethylpentene (PMP) fibers within the membrane oxygenator (MO) during adult ECMO support. Mononuclear cells were removed from the surface of explanted PMP-MOs (n = 16). Endothelial-like outgrowth and mesenchymal-like cells were characterized by flow cytometric analysis using different surface markers. Spindle-shaped attaching cells were identified early, but without proliferative activity. After long-term cultivation palisading type or cobblestone-type outgrowth cells with high proliferative activity appeared and were characterized as (i) leukocytoid CD45+/CD31+ (CD133+/VEGFR-II+/CD90+/CD14+/CD146dim/CD105dim); (ii) endothelial-like CD45-/CD31+ (VEGF-RII+/CD146+/CD105+/CD133-/CD14-/CD90-); and (iii) mesenchymal-like cells CD45-/CD31- (CD105+/CD90+/CD133dim/VEGFR-II-/CD146-/CD14-). The distribution of the cell populations depended on the MO and cultivation time. Endothelial-like cells formed capillary-like structures and did uptake Dil-acetylated low-density lipoprotein. Endothelial- and mesenchymal-like cells adhered on the surface of PMP-MOs. Further research is needed to identify the clinical relevance of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Lehle
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Lucas Friedl
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Julius Wilm
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Alois Philipp
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Müller
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Lubnow
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christof Schmid
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany
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16
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Kawasaki T, Nishiwaki T, Sekine A, Nishimura R, Suda R, Urushibara T, Suzuki T, Takayanagi S, Terada J, Sakao S, Tatsumi K. Vascular Repair by Tissue-Resident Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Endotoxin-Induced Lung Injury. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2015; 53:500-12. [PMID: 25719275 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2014-0185oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular disruption is one of the pathological hallmarks in acute respiratory distress syndrome. Bone marrow (BM)-derived circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and lung tissue-resident EPCs have been considered to play a pivotal role in pulmonary vascular repair; however, which population is predominant in local pulmonary vasculogenesis remains to be clarified. We therefore examined the origin of EPCs participating in the regenerative process of pulmonary vascular endothelial cells (PVECs) in experimental acute respiratory distress syndrome. Lung samples from mice administered LPS intratracheally were investigated for cell dynamics and EPC functions. Quantitative flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that the number of PVECs decreased by roughly 20% on Day 1 and then recovered on Day 7 of LPS challenge. Bromodeoxyuridine-incorporation assays and immunofluorescence microscopy demonstrated that proliferating PVECs preferentially located in the capillary vessels. Experiments using BM chimera mice revealed that most of the regenerating PVECs were tissue-resident cells, and BM-derived cells hardly engrafted as PVECs. The population of circulating putative phenotypical EPCs decreased during the first week after LPS challenge. The regenerating PVECs were characterized by high colony-forming and vasculogenic capacities, intracellular reactive oxygen species scavenging and aldehyde dehydrogenase activites, and enhanced gene expression of Abcb1b (a drug-resistant gene), suggesting that the population of PVECs included tissue-resident EPCs activated during regenerative process of PVECs. The proliferating PVECs expressed CD34, Flk-1/KDR, and c-kit more strongly and Prom1/CD133 less strongly on the surface than nonproliferating PVECs. Our findings indicated that lung tissue-resident EPCs predominantly contribute to pulmonary vascular repair after endotoxin-induced injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Kawasaki
- Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tetsu Nishiwaki
- Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ayumi Sekine
- Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Rintaro Nishimura
- Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Rika Suda
- Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takashi Urushibara
- Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshio Suzuki
- Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shin Takayanagi
- Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Jiro Terada
- Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Sakao
- Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Koichiro Tatsumi
- Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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Production of Human Endothelial Cells Free from Soluble Xenogeneic Antigens for Bioartificial Small Diameter Vascular Graft Endothelization. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:652474. [PMID: 26146626 PMCID: PMC4471259 DOI: 10.1155/2015/652474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Arterial bypass graft implantation remains the primary therapy for patients with advanced cardiovascular disease, but most lack adequate saphenous vein or other conduits for bypass procedures and would benefit from a bioartificial conduit. This study aimed to produce human endothelial cells (hECs) in large scale, free from xenogeneic antigens, to develop a small diameter, compatible vessel for potential use as a vascular graft. Human adipose-derived stromal cells (hASCs) were isolated, cultured, and differentiated in the presence of human serum and used for the reendothelization of a decellularized rat aorta. hASC derived ECs (hASC-ECs) expressed VEGFR2, vWf and CD31 endothelial cell markers, the latter in higher levels than hASCs and HUVECs, and were shown to be functional. Decellularization protocol yielded aortas devoid of cell nuclei, with preserved structure, including a preserved basement membrane. When seeded with hASC-ECs, the decellularized aorta was completely reendothelized, and the hASC-ECs maintained their phenotype in this new condition. hASCs can be differentiated into functional hECs without the use of animal supplements and are capable of reendothelizing a decellularized rat aorta while maintaining their phenotype. The preservation of the basement membrane following decellularization supported the complete reendothelization of the scaffold with no cell migration towards other layers. This approach is potentially useful for rapid obtention of compatible, xenogeneic-free conduit.
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18
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Abstract
Urea is generated by the urea cycle enzymes, which are mainly in the liver but are also ubiquitously expressed at low levels in other tissues. The metabolic process is altered in several conditions such as by diets, hormones, and diseases. Urea is then eliminated through fluids, especially urine. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) has been utilized to evaluate renal function for decades. New roles for urea in the urinary system, circulation system, respiratory system, digestive system, nervous system, etc., were reported lately, which suggests clinical significance of urea.
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19
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Zhao YD, Huang X, Yi F, Dai Z, Qian Z, Tiruppathi C, Tran K, Zhao YY. Endothelial FoxM1 mediates bone marrow progenitor cell-induced vascular repair and resolution of inflammation following inflammatory lung injury. Stem Cells 2015; 32:1855-64. [PMID: 24578354 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Revised: 01/25/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Adult stem cell treatment is a potential novel therapeutic approach for acute respiratory distress syndrome. Given the extremely low rate of cell engraftment, it is believed that these cells exert their beneficial effects via paracrine mechanisms. However, the endogenous mediator(s) in the pulmonary vasculature remains unclear. Using the mouse model with endothelial cell (EC)-restricted disruption of FoxM1 (FoxM1 CKO), here we show that endothelial expression of the reparative transcriptional factor FoxM1 is required for the protective effects of bone marrow progenitor cells (BMPC) against LPS-induced inflammatory lung injury and mortality. BMPC treatment resulted in rapid induction of FoxM1 expression in wild type (WT) but not FoxM1 CKO lungs. BMPC-induced inhibition of lung vascular injury, resolution of lung inflammation, and survival, as seen in WT mice, were abrogated in FoxM1 CKO mice following LPS challenge. Mechanistically, BMPC treatment failed to induce lung EC proliferation in FoxM1 CKO mice, which was associated with impaired expression of FoxM1 target genes essential for cell cycle progression. We also observed that BMPC treatment enhanced endothelial barrier function in WT but not in FoxM1-deficient EC monolayers. Restoration of β-catenin expression in FoxM1-deficient ECs normalized endothelial barrier enhancement in response to BMPC treatment. These data demonstrate the requisite role of endothelial FoxM1 in the mechanism of BMPC-induced vascular repair to restore vascular integrity and accelerate resolution of inflammation, thereby promoting survival following inflammatory lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidan D Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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20
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Gotts JE, Matthay MA. Endogenous and exogenous cell-based pathways for recovery from acute respiratory distress syndrome. Clin Chest Med 2014; 35:797-809. [PMID: 25453426 PMCID: PMC4254691 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccm.2014.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Regenerative medicine has entered a rapid phase of discovery, and much has been learned in recent years about the lung's response to injury. This article first summarizes the cellular and molecular mechanisms that damage the alveolar-capillary barrier, producing acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The latest understanding of endogenous repair processes is discussed, highlighting the diversity of lung epithelial progenitor cell populations and their regulation in health and disease. Finally, the past, present, and future of exogenous cell-based therapies for ARDS is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey E Gotts
- Departments of Medicine and Anesthesia, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143-0624, USA
| | - Michael A Matthay
- Departments of Medicine and Anesthesia, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143-0624, USA.
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21
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Rose JA, Erzurum S, Asosingh K. Biology and flow cytometry of proangiogenic hematopoietic progenitors cells. Cytometry A 2014; 87:5-19. [PMID: 25418030 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.22596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
During development, hematopoiesis and neovascularization are closely linked to each other via a common bipotent stem cell called the hemangioblast that gives rise to both hematopoietic cells and endothelial cells. In postnatal life, this functional connection between the vasculature and hematopoiesis is maintained by a subset of hematopoietic progenitor cells endowed with the capacity to differentiate into potent proangiogenic cells. These proangiogenic hematopoietic progenitors comprise a specific subset of bone marrow (BM)-derived cells that homes to sites of neovascularization and possess potent paracrine angiogenic activity. There is emerging evidence that this subpopulation of hematopoietic progenitors plays a critical role in vascular health and disease. Their angiogenic activity is distinct from putative "endothelial progenitor cells" that become structural cells of the endothelium by differentiation into endothelial cells. Proangiogenic hematopoietic progenitor cell research requires multidisciplinary expertise in flow cytometry, hematology, and vascular biology. This review provides a comprehensive overview of proangiogenic hematopoietic progenitor cell biology and flow cytometric methods to detect these cells in the peripheral blood circulation and BM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A Rose
- Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
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22
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Mao SZ, Ye X, Liu G, Song D, Liu SF. An obligatory role of NF-κB in mediating bone marrow derived endothelial progenitor cell recruitment and proliferation following endotoxemic multiple organ injury in mice. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111087. [PMID: 25333282 PMCID: PMC4205081 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recruitment of bone marrow derived endothelial progenitor cells (BMDEPCs) alleviates multiple organ injury (MOI) and improves outcomes. However, mechanisms mediating BMDEPC recruitment following septic MOI remain largely unknown. This study characterized the kinetics of BMDEPC recruitment and proliferation and defined the role of NF-κB in regulating BMDEPC recruitment and proliferation. METHODS AND MAIN FINDINGS Chimeric mice with an intact or disrupted NF-κB p50 gene and BMDEPC-restricted expression of green fluorescent protein were created and injected with LPS (2 mg/kg, i.p.). BMDEPC recruitment and proliferation in multiple organs were quantified. BMDEPC recruitment and proliferation are highly organ-dependent. Lungs had the highest number of BMDEPC recruitment, whereas heart, liver and kidney had only a small fraction of the number of BMDEPCs in lungs. Number of proliferating BMDEPCs was several-fold higher in lungs than in other 3 organs. Kinetically, BMDEPC recruitment into different organs showed different time course profiles. NF-κB plays obligatory roles in mediating BMDEPC recruitment and proliferation. Universal deletion of NF-κB p50 gene inhibited LPS-induced BMDEPC recruitment and proliferation by 95% and 69% in heart. However, the contribution of NF-κB to these regulations varies significantly between organs. In liver, universal p50 gene deletion reduced LPS-induced BMDEPC recruitment and proliferation only by 49% and 35%. NF-κB activities in different tissue compartments play distinct roles. Selective p50 gene deletion either in stromal/parenchymal cells or in BM/blood cells inhibited BMDEPC recruitment by a similar extent. However, selective p50 gene deletion in BM/blood cells inhibited, but in stromal/parenchymal cells augmented BMDEPC proliferation. CONCLUSIONS BMDEPC recruitment and proliferation display different kinetics in different organs following endotoxemic MOI. NF-κB plays obligatory and organ-dependent roles in regulating BMDEPC recruitment and proliferation. NF-κB activities in different tissue compartments play distinct roles in regulating BMDEPC proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Zhong Mao
- Centers for Heart and Lung Research and Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, United States of America
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaobing Ye
- Centers for Heart and Lung Research and Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, United States of America
| | - Gang Liu
- Centers for Heart and Lung Research and Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, United States of America
| | - Dongmei Song
- Centers for Heart and Lung Research and Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, United States of America
| | - Shu Fang Liu
- Centers for Heart and Lung Research and Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, United States of America
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- * E-mail:
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23
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Zhang Y, Su N, Luo F, Wen X, Tang Y, Yang J, Chen S, Jiang W, Du X, Chen L. Deletion of Fgfr1 in osteoblasts enhances mobilization of EPCs into peripheral blood in a mouse endotoxemia model. Int J Biol Sci 2014; 10:1064-71. [PMID: 25285038 PMCID: PMC4183926 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.8415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2013] [Accepted: 08/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) contribute to neovascularization and vascular repair, and may exert a beneficial effect on the clinical outcome of sepsis. Osteoblasts act as a component of "niche" in bone marrow, which provides a nest for stem/progenitor cells and are involved in the formation and maintenance of stem/progenitor cells. Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) can regulate osteoblast activity and influence bone mass. So we explored the role of FGFR1 in EPC mobilization. Male mice with osteoblast-specific knockout of Fgfr1 (Fgfr1(fl/fl);OC-Cre) and its wild-type littermates (Fgfr1(fl/fl) ) were used in this study. Mice intraperitoneally injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were used to measure the number of circulating EPCs in peripheral blood and serum stromal cell-derived factor 1α (SDF-1α). The circulating EPC number and the serum level of SDF-1α were significantly higher in Fgfr1(fl/fl);OC-Cre mice than those in Fgfr1(fl/fl) mice after LPS injection. In cell culture system, SDF-1α level was also significantly higher in Fgfr1(fl/fl);OC-Cre osteoblasts compared with that in Fgfr1(fl/fl) osteoblasts after LPS treatment. TRAP staining showed that there was no significant difference between the osteoclast activity of septic Fgfr1(fl/fl) and Fgfr1(fl/fl);OC-Cre mice. This study suggests that targeted deletion of Fgfr1 in osteoblasts enhances mobilization of EPCs into peripheral blood through up-regulating SDF-1α secretion from osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaozong Zhang
- 1. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China; ; 2. The Department of Intensive Care, Chongqing Zhongshan Hospital, Chongqing 400013, China
| | - Nan Su
- 1. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Fengtao Luo
- 1. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Xuan Wen
- 1. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Yubin Tang
- 1. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Jing Yang
- 1. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- 1. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Wanling Jiang
- 1. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Xiaolan Du
- 1. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Lin Chen
- 1. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
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24
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Schier R, El-Zein R, Cortes A, Liu M, Collins M, Rafat N, Teschendorf P, Wu HK, Heymach J, Mehran R, Riedel B. Endothelial progenitor cell mobilization by preoperative exercise: a bone marrow response associated with postoperative outcome. Br J Anaesth 2014; 113:652-60. [PMID: 24880828 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aeu135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preoperative anaemia is associated with increased morbidity in patients undergoing major surgery. Whether erythrocytes are the only bone-marrow-derived cell lineage that associates with increased surgical complications is unknown. This prospective observational trial studied the mobilization of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in response to exercise in association with postoperative complications. METHODS After IRB approval, 60 subjects undergoing major thoracic surgery were exercised to exhaustion (peak V̇(O₂)). Peripheral blood collected before and after peak exercise was quantified for EPC lineages by fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis. Complication analysis was based on the Clavien-Dindo classification. RESULTS Exhaustive exercise increased EPC [CD45-133+34+ cells=150 (0.00-5230) to 220 (0.00-1270) cells μl(-1); median change (range)=20 (-4,180-860) cells μl(-1); P=0.03] but not mature endothelial cell (EC) subpopulations. Pre-exercise levels [odds ratio (OR)=0.86, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.37-2.00, P=0.72), change after exercise as a continuous variable (OR=0.95, 95% CI: 0.41-2.22, P=0.91) and a positive response after exercise (change >0 cells μl(-1); OR=0.41, 95% CI: 0.13-1.28, P=0.12) were not statistically significantly associated with the incidence of postoperative complications. Post-hoc receiver operating characteristic curve analyses revealed that subjects with a CD45-133+34+ increase ≥60 cells μl(-1) in response to exercise suffered fewer postoperative complications [86% sensitivity, 48% specificity and AUC=0.67 (95% CI: 0.52-0.81)]. CONCLUSIONS Preoperative exercise induces EPC into the peripheral circulation. Subjects with a poor EPC response had a pre-existing propensity for postoperative complications. This warrants further research into the role of bone marrow function as a critical component to endothelial repair mechanisms. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION IRB 2003-0434 (University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA).
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Affiliation(s)
- R Schier
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | | | - M Liu
- Department of Epidemiology
| | - M Collins
- Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials and
| | - N Rafat
- Department of Pediatrics I, University Children's Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - P Teschendorf
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Hospital of Osnabrueck, Osnabrueck, Germany
| | - Hua-Kang Wu
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Oncology, and
| | - J Heymach
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Oncology, and
| | - R Mehran
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The University of Texas, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - B Riedel
- Department of Cancer Anaesthetics and Pain Medicine, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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25
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Yuan Q, Bai YP, Shi RZ, Liu SY, Chen XM, Chen L, Li YJ, Hu CP. Regulation of endothelial progenitor cell differentiation and function by dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 2 in an asymmetric dimethylarginine-independent manner. Cell Biol Int 2014; 38:1013-22. [DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Yuan
- Department of Pharmacology; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Central South University; Changsha 410078 China
- Department of Pharmacology; Medical College; Wuhan University of Science and Technology; Wuhan 430081 China
| | - Yong-Ping Bai
- Department of Geriatric Medicine; Xiangya Hospital; Central South University; Changsha 410008 China
| | - Rui-Zheng Shi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine; Xiangya Hospital; Central South University; Changsha 410008 China
| | - Si-Yu Liu
- Department of Pharmacology; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Central South University; Changsha 410078 China
| | - Xu-Meng Chen
- Department of Pharmacology; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Central South University; Changsha 410078 China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Pharmacology; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Central South University; Changsha 410078 China
| | - Yuan-Jian Li
- Department of Pharmacology; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Central South University; Changsha 410078 China
| | - Chang-Ping Hu
- Department of Pharmacology; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Central South University; Changsha 410078 China
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26
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Alphonse RS, Vadivel A, Fung M, Shelley WC, Critser PJ, Ionescu L, O'Reilly M, Ohls RK, McConaghy S, Eaton F, Zhong S, Yoder M, Thébaud B. Existence, functional impairment, and lung repair potential of endothelial colony-forming cells in oxygen-induced arrested alveolar growth. Circulation 2014; 129:2144-57. [PMID: 24710033 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.114.009124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bronchopulmonary dysplasia and emphysema are life-threatening diseases resulting from impaired alveolar development or alveolar destruction. Both conditions lack effective therapies. Angiogenic growth factors promote alveolar growth and contribute to alveolar maintenance. Endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) represent a subset of circulating and resident endothelial cells capable of self-renewal and de novo vessel formation. We hypothesized that resident ECFCs exist in the developing lung, that they are impaired during arrested alveolar growth in experimental bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and that exogenous ECFCs restore disrupted alveolar growth. METHODS AND RESULTS Human fetal and neonatal rat lungs contain ECFCs with robust proliferative potential, secondary colony formation on replating, and de novo blood vessel formation in vivo when transplanted into immunodeficient mice. In contrast, human fetal lung ECFCs exposed to hyperoxia in vitro and neonatal rat ECFCs isolated from hyperoxic alveolar growth-arrested rat lungs mimicking bronchopulmonary dysplasia proliferated less, showed decreased clonogenic capacity, and formed fewer capillary-like networks. Intrajugular administration of human cord blood-derived ECFCs after established arrested alveolar growth restored lung function, alveolar and lung vascular growth, and attenuated pulmonary hypertension. Lung ECFC colony- and capillary-like network-forming capabilities were also restored. Low ECFC engraftment and the protective effect of cell-free ECFC-derived conditioned media suggest a paracrine effect. Long-term (10 months) assessment of ECFC therapy showed no adverse effects with persistent improvement in lung structure, exercise capacity, and pulmonary hypertension. CONCLUSIONS Impaired ECFC function may contribute to arrested alveolar growth. Cord blood-derived ECFC therapy may offer new therapeutic options for lung diseases characterized by alveolar damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh S Alphonse
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Women and Children's Health Research Institute, Cardiovascular Research Center and Pulmonary Research Group, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (R.S.A., M.F., L.I. M.O., F.E.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Regenerative Medicine Program, Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (A.V., S.Z., B.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatrics Research, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN (W.C.S., P.J.C., M.Y.); and Department of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM (R.K.O., S.M.)
| | - Arul Vadivel
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Women and Children's Health Research Institute, Cardiovascular Research Center and Pulmonary Research Group, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (R.S.A., M.F., L.I. M.O., F.E.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Regenerative Medicine Program, Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (A.V., S.Z., B.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatrics Research, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN (W.C.S., P.J.C., M.Y.); and Department of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM (R.K.O., S.M.)
| | - Moses Fung
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Women and Children's Health Research Institute, Cardiovascular Research Center and Pulmonary Research Group, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (R.S.A., M.F., L.I. M.O., F.E.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Regenerative Medicine Program, Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (A.V., S.Z., B.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatrics Research, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN (W.C.S., P.J.C., M.Y.); and Department of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM (R.K.O., S.M.)
| | - William Chris Shelley
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Women and Children's Health Research Institute, Cardiovascular Research Center and Pulmonary Research Group, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (R.S.A., M.F., L.I. M.O., F.E.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Regenerative Medicine Program, Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (A.V., S.Z., B.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatrics Research, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN (W.C.S., P.J.C., M.Y.); and Department of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM (R.K.O., S.M.)
| | - Paul John Critser
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Women and Children's Health Research Institute, Cardiovascular Research Center and Pulmonary Research Group, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (R.S.A., M.F., L.I. M.O., F.E.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Regenerative Medicine Program, Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (A.V., S.Z., B.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatrics Research, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN (W.C.S., P.J.C., M.Y.); and Department of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM (R.K.O., S.M.)
| | - Lavinia Ionescu
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Women and Children's Health Research Institute, Cardiovascular Research Center and Pulmonary Research Group, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (R.S.A., M.F., L.I. M.O., F.E.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Regenerative Medicine Program, Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (A.V., S.Z., B.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatrics Research, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN (W.C.S., P.J.C., M.Y.); and Department of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM (R.K.O., S.M.)
| | - Megan O'Reilly
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Women and Children's Health Research Institute, Cardiovascular Research Center and Pulmonary Research Group, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (R.S.A., M.F., L.I. M.O., F.E.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Regenerative Medicine Program, Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (A.V., S.Z., B.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatrics Research, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN (W.C.S., P.J.C., M.Y.); and Department of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM (R.K.O., S.M.)
| | - Robin K Ohls
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Women and Children's Health Research Institute, Cardiovascular Research Center and Pulmonary Research Group, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (R.S.A., M.F., L.I. M.O., F.E.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Regenerative Medicine Program, Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (A.V., S.Z., B.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatrics Research, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN (W.C.S., P.J.C., M.Y.); and Department of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM (R.K.O., S.M.)
| | - Suzanne McConaghy
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Women and Children's Health Research Institute, Cardiovascular Research Center and Pulmonary Research Group, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (R.S.A., M.F., L.I. M.O., F.E.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Regenerative Medicine Program, Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (A.V., S.Z., B.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatrics Research, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN (W.C.S., P.J.C., M.Y.); and Department of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM (R.K.O., S.M.)
| | - Farah Eaton
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Women and Children's Health Research Institute, Cardiovascular Research Center and Pulmonary Research Group, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (R.S.A., M.F., L.I. M.O., F.E.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Regenerative Medicine Program, Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (A.V., S.Z., B.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatrics Research, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN (W.C.S., P.J.C., M.Y.); and Department of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM (R.K.O., S.M.)
| | - Shumei Zhong
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Women and Children's Health Research Institute, Cardiovascular Research Center and Pulmonary Research Group, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (R.S.A., M.F., L.I. M.O., F.E.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Regenerative Medicine Program, Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (A.V., S.Z., B.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatrics Research, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN (W.C.S., P.J.C., M.Y.); and Department of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM (R.K.O., S.M.)
| | - Merv Yoder
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Women and Children's Health Research Institute, Cardiovascular Research Center and Pulmonary Research Group, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (R.S.A., M.F., L.I. M.O., F.E.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Regenerative Medicine Program, Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (A.V., S.Z., B.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatrics Research, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN (W.C.S., P.J.C., M.Y.); and Department of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM (R.K.O., S.M.)
| | - Bernard Thébaud
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Women and Children's Health Research Institute, Cardiovascular Research Center and Pulmonary Research Group, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (R.S.A., M.F., L.I. M.O., F.E.); Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Regenerative Medicine Program, Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (A.V., S.Z., B.T.); Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatrics Research, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN (W.C.S., P.J.C., M.Y.); and Department of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM (R.K.O., S.M.). bthebaud@ohri
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Tsuchiya T, Sivarapatna A, Rocco K, Nanashima A, Nagayasu T, Niklason LE. Future prospects for tissue engineered lung transplantation: decellularization and recellularization-based whole lung regeneration. Organogenesis 2014; 10:196-207. [PMID: 24488093 PMCID: PMC4154954 DOI: 10.4161/org.27846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Revised: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The shortage of donor lungs for transplantation causes a significant number of patient deaths. The availability of laboratory engineered, functional organs would be a major advance in meeting the demand for organs for transplantation. The accumulation of information on biological scaffolds and an increased understanding of stem/progenitor cell behavior has led to the idea of generating transplantable organs by decellularizing an organ and recellularizing using appropriate cells. Recellularized solid organs can perform organ-specific functions for short periods of time, which indicates the potential for the clinical use of engineered solid organs in the future. The present review provides an overview of progress and recent knowledge about decellularization and recellularization-based approaches for generating tissue engineered lungs. Methods to improve decellularization, maturation of recellularized lung, candidate species for transplantation and future prospects of lung bioengineering are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoshi Tsuchiya
- Division of Surgical Oncology; Department of Surgery; Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Amogh Sivarapatna
- Departments of Anesthesia and Biomedical Engineering; Yale University; New Haven, CT USA
| | - Kevin Rocco
- Departments of Anesthesia and Biomedical Engineering; Yale University; New Haven, CT USA
| | - Atsushi Nanashima
- Division of Surgical Oncology; Department of Surgery; Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nagayasu
- Division of Surgical Oncology; Department of Surgery; Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Laura E Niklason
- Departments of Anesthesia and Biomedical Engineering; Yale University; New Haven, CT USA
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Zhu YG, Hao Q, Monsel A, Feng XM, Lee JW. Adult stem cells for acute lung injury: remaining questions and concerns. Respirology 2014; 18:744-56. [PMID: 23578018 DOI: 10.1111/resp.12093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) or acute respiratory distress syndrome remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. The pathophysiology of ALI involves complex interactions between the inciting event, such as pneumonia, sepsis or aspiration, and the host immune response resulting in lung protein permeability, impaired resolution of pulmonary oedema, an intense inflammatory response in the injured alveolus and hypoxemia. In multiple preclinical studies, adult stem cells have been shown to be therapeutic due to both the ability to mitigate injury and inflammation through paracrine mechanisms and perhaps to regenerate tissue by virtue of their multi-potency. These characteristics have stimulated intensive research efforts to explore the possibility of using stem or progenitor cells for the treatment of lung injury. A variety of stem or progenitor cells have been isolated, characterized and tested experimentally in preclinical animal models of ALI. However, questions remain concerning the optimal dose, route and the adult stem or progenitor cell to use. Here, the current mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effect of stem cells in ALI as well as the questions that will arise as clinical trials for ALI are planned are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Gang Zhu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Yu M, Zhang Q, Liu Q, Sun J, Yang G, Zeng G, Tan X. Lipopolysaccharide impaired the functional activity of endothelial colony-forming cells. Respiration 2014; 87:317-23. [PMID: 24457541 DOI: 10.1159/000357438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have shown that endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) contribute to lung repair after lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lung injury and infusion of LPS decreased early EPCs in human peripheral blood. However, the effects of LPS on endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) remain to be determined. OBJECTIVE To investigate possible effects of LPS on the functional activity of ECFCs. METHODS ECFCs were isolated from human umbilical cord blood and characterized. ECFCs at passages 3-5 were treated for 24 h with either LPS or vehicle control. Their viability, migration and in vitro vasculogenesis activity were assayed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, modified Boyden chamber and in vitro angiogenesis assays, respectively. ECFC adhesion was assessed by replating cells on fibronectin-coated dishes and subsequent counting of adherent cells. RESULTS Incubation with LPS dose-dependently inhibited the viable, migratory, adhesive and in vitro vasculogenesis capacity of ECFCs. CONCLUSION LPS impaired the functional activity of ECFCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, PR China
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Li H, Qiang Y, Wang L, Liu C, Yang N, Xiong L, Yi J, Jing H, Wu H. Effect of lipopolysaccharide on the characteristics of endothelial progenitor cells from bone marrow in mice. Mol Med Rep 2013; 9:427-34. [PMID: 24297111 PMCID: PMC3896518 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2013.1833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces acute lung injury (ALI), and that endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) participate in tissue repair. Therefore, in this study it was hypothesized that LPS influences the number and function of EPCs directly. In order to investigate this, an in vitro study was performed using EPCs. EPCs were cultured for seven days (early EPCs), and then treated with increasing concentrations of LPS (10 pg/ml, 100 pg/ml, 1 ng/ml, 10 ng/ml and 100 ng/ml) for 4, 8, 12, and 24 h. The proliferation, senescence and adhesion of EPCs was then assessed. Alongside this an in vivo study was also performed. Mice were administered LPS (2.5 mg/kg) via the trachea. After 4, 8, 12, and 24 h, EPCs were harvested and cultured for seven days, and the proliferation, senescence and adhesion of the EPCs were examined. The results showed that the rate of adhesion and senescence of EPCs decreased in vitro when treated with 10 and 100 ng/ml LPS. The adhesion and senescence rate also decreased after 12 and 24 h in vivo. Proliferation, however, was increased in vitro following treatment with 10 and 100 ng/ml LPS, but proliferation in vivo decreased after 8 and 12 h. The effects of LPS on EPCs were distinct in vivo and in vitro. In vitro, cells were sensitive to 100 ng/ml LPS. In the course of ALI induced by LPS, the proliferation and adhesion activity of the EPCs was activated in 8 h and then gradually decreased with time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Clinical Medicine School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Yong Qiang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Clinical Medicine School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Lian Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Clinical Medicine School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Canhui Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Clinical Medicine School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Nan Yang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Clinical Medicine School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Lei Xiong
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Clinical Medicine School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Jun Yi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Clinical Medicine School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Hua Jing
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Clinical Medicine School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Haiwei Wu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Clinical Medicine School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
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Qi Y, Jiang Q, Chen C, Cao Y, Qian L. Circulating endothelial progenitor cells decrease in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia and increase after inhaled nitric oxide. PLoS One 2013; 8:e79060. [PMID: 24244420 PMCID: PMC3823930 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impairment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) has been shown to contribute to the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). In the current study, the relationship between EPC changes of after birth and the development of BPD was investigated, and the effects of inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) on EPCs were evaluated. METHODS Sixty infants with a gestational age of less than 32 weeks and a birth weight of less than 1500 g were studied. NO was administered to infants who were receiving mechanical ventilation or CPAP for at least 2 days between the ages of 7 and 21 days. EPC level was determined by flow cytometry at birth, 7, 21 and 28 days of age and 36 weeks' postmenstrual age (PMA), before and after the iNO treatment. Plasma concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), stromal cell-derived factor-1 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor were determined via immunochemical assay. RESULTS Twenty-five neonates developed BPD, 35 neonates survived and did not develop BPD. EPC level was decreased on day 7 and 21 in infants who later developed BPD compared with infants that did not develop BPD. From birth to 21 days of age, BPD infants had a persistently lower VEGF concentration compared with non-BPD infants. No difference was found between the two groups at day 28 or 36 weeks PMA. In infants that later developed BPD, iNO raised the KDR(+)CD133(+) and CD34(+)KDR(+)CD133(+) EPC numbers along with increasing the level of plasma VEGF. CONCLUSION EPC level was reduced at 7 days of age in infants with BPD, and iNO increased the EPC number along with increasing the level of VEGF. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanism leading to the decrease of EPCs in infants with BPD and to investigate the role of iNO treatment in the prevention of BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Qi
- Departments of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Qian Jiang
- Departments of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Chao Chen
- Departments of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yun Cao
- Departments of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Liling Qian
- Departments of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- * E-mail:
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He S, He Z, Chen Y, Ye J, Zong D, Zhang Y, Chen P. C-Kit/c-Kit ligand interaction of bone marrow endothelial progenitor cells is influenced in a cigarette smoke extract-induced emphysema model. Exp Lung Res 2013; 39:258-67. [PMID: 23786491 DOI: 10.3109/01902148.2013.802828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smoking causes lung endothelial cell apoptosis and emphysema. Derived from bone marrow, circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) maintain vascular integrity by replacing and repairing damaged endothelial cells. Smoking influences the number of circulating EPCs. Recruitment of EPCs from bone marrow to peripheral blood depends on the interaction of c-Kit/soluble c-Kit ligand (sKitL). We hypothesized that smoking might influence c-Kit(+) EPCs/sKitL interaction in bone marrow in the development of smoking-related emphysema. In this study, we used a cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced emphysema model. METHODS Mice were injected intraperitoneally with PBS/CSE and sacrificed at day 28. Lung function and pathology of lung tissue were measured to characterize the model. Expressions of c-Kit in the lung tissue were assayed. Bone marrow cells were isolated by red blood cell lysis. EPCs/c-Kit(+) EPCs in nonred blood cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Expressions of KitL and MMP-9, and activity MMP-9 in bone marrow were measured. RESULTS Our data demonstrated that gene and protein expressions of c-Kit were decreased in the lung tissue in this model. Compared with the control group, the number of bone marrow nonred blood cells was unchanged following CSE treatment, while the depletion of bone marrow EPCs/c-Kit(+) EPCs was significant. The level of sKitL was reduced in the bone marrow in the model. The reduction of sKitL was associated with deregulated KitL expression and decreased MMP-9 activity. CONCLUSIONS The interaction between c-Kit and sKitL in bone marrow EPCs, a critical step in endothelial repair, is negatively affected in a CSE-induced emphysema model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengdong He
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Riedel B, Rafat N, Browne K, Burbury K, Schier R. Perioperative Implications of Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction: Current Understanding of this Critical Sensor-Effector Organ. CURRENT ANESTHESIOLOGY REPORTS 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s40140-013-0024-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Circulating hematopoietic and endothelial progenitor cells in newborn infants: effects of gestational age, postnatal age and clinical stress in the first 3 weeks of life. Early Hum Dev 2013; 89:411-8. [PMID: 23312395 PMCID: PMC3633695 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2012.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) are bone marrow derived progenitors that can be mobilized by erythropoietin or in response to tissue injury, and participate in vascular repair. EPC are understudied in human neonates. Whether EPC frequency in newborn infants may be influenced by gestational age or postnatal stress is unknown. METHODS Blood samples were collected on day 1 of life and weekly for 3 weeks from hospitalized neonates for plasma erythropoietin and flow cytometry analysis for CD34+, CD34+CD45-, CD34+VEGFR2+ and CD34+CD45-VEGFR2+ cells (EPC). Associations between CD34+ cell subsets and clinical parameters were studied. RESULTS Forty five patients were enrolled. An inverse correlation with gestational age was observed for CD34+ and CD34+ VEGFR2+ cell frequencies in whole blood (WB) on day 1 (p<0.05). In preterm infants, CD34+ cell frequency decreased with increased postnatal age (p=0.0001) and CD34+VEGFR2+ cell frequency was higher at week 3 than on day 1 in WB (p=0.0002). On day one, CD34+ and CD34+CD45- cell frequencies in the mononuclear cell fraction (MNC) were higher in preterm than term infants (p=0.035 and p=0.049, respectively) but CD34+CD45-VEGFR2+ cell frequency (median 2.2/million MNC versus 3.8/million MNC) and erythropoietin levels were not significantly different. Transient increases in EPC were observed in five infants with infection. Four preterm infants who developed bronchopulmonary dysplasia had undetectable or low EPC through the first 3 weeks of life. CONCLUSIONS Gestational age and postnatal age influenced circulating CD34+ and CD34+VEGFR2+ but not CD34+CD45-VEGFR2+ (EPC) cell frequencies. Circulating EPC in neonates may be influenced by clinical stress.
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Baker CD, Seedorf GJ, Wisniewski BL, Black CP, Ryan SL, Balasubramaniam V, Abman SH. Endothelial colony-forming cell conditioned media promote angiogenesis in vitro and prevent pulmonary hypertension in experimental bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2013; 305:L73-81. [PMID: 23666751 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00400.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Late-outgrowth endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs), a type of circulating endothelial progenitor cell (EPC), may contribute to pulmonary angiogenesis during development. Cord blood ECFCs from preterm newborns proliferate more rapidly than term ECFCs but are more susceptible to the adverse effects of hyperoxia. Recent studies suggest that bone marrow-derived EPCs protect against experimental lung injury via paracrine mechanisms independent of vascular engraftment. To determine whether human umbilical cord blood ECFCs from preterm and term newborns have therapeutic benefit in experimental neonatal lung injury, we isolated cord blood ECFCs from full-term and preterm newborns and prepared ECFC-conditioned medium (CM) to test its therapeutic benefit on fetal pulmonary artery endothelial cell (PAEC) proliferation and function as well as alveolar type 2 (AT2) cell growth. PAECs and AT2 cells were isolated from late-gestation fetal sheep. Additionally, we administered both ECFCs and ECFC-CM to bleomycin-exposed newborn rats, an experimental model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Both term ECFC-CM and preterm ECFC-CM promoted cell growth and angiogenesis in vitro. However, when ECFC-CM was collected during exposure to mild hyperoxia, the benefit of preterm ECFC-CM was no longer observed. In the bleomycin model of BPD, treatment with ECFC-CM (or CM from mature EC) effectively decreased right ventricular hypertrophy but had no effect on alveolar septation. We conclude that term ECFC-CM is beneficial both in vitro and in experimental BPD. During oxidative stress, preterm ECFC-CM, but not term ECFC-CM, loses its benefit. The inability of term ECFC-CM to promote alveolarization may limit its therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D Baker
- Pediatric Heart Lung Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Mail Stop 8614, 12700 E. 19th Ave., Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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Conese M, Carbone A, Castellani S, Di Gioia S. Paracrine effects and heterogeneity of marrow-derived stem/progenitor cells: relevance for the treatment of respiratory diseases. Cells Tissues Organs 2013; 197:445-73. [PMID: 23652321 DOI: 10.1159/000348831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell-based treatment may represent a hope for the treatment of acute lung injury and pulmonary fibrosis, and other chronic lung diseases, such as cystic fibrosis, asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It is well established in preclinical models that bone marrow-derived stem and progenitor cells exert beneficial effects on inflammation, immune responses and repairing of damage in virtually all lung-borne diseases. While it was initially thought that the positive outcome was due to a direct engraftment of these cells into the lung as endothelial and epithelial cells, paracrine factors are now considered the main mechanism through which stem and progenitor cells exert their therapeutic effect. This knowledge has led to the clinical use of marrow cells in pulmonary hypertension with endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and in COPD with mesenchymal stromal (stem) cells (MSCs). Bone marrow-derived stem cells, including hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, MSCs, EPCs and fibrocytes, encompass a wide array of cell subsets with different capacities of engraftment and injured tissue-regenerating potential. The characterization/isolation of the stem cell subpopulations represents a major challenge to improve the efficacy of transplantation protocols used in regenerative medicine and applied to lung disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Conese
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.
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Kim EK, Lee JH, Jeong HC, Oh D, Hwang SG, Cho YW, Lee SJ, Oh YM, Lee SD. Impaired colony-forming capacity of circulating endothelial progenitor cells in patients with emphysema. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2013; 227:321-31. [PMID: 22850689 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.227.321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is classified into emphysema and chronic bronchitis, which are thought to result from different pathophysiological pathways. Smoking-induced lung parenchymal destruction and inadequate repair are involved in the pathogenesis of emphysema. In addition, decreased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and increased endothelial cell apoptosis in the lung may participate in emphysema pathogenesis. As stem cells, circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) may play a key role in the maintenance of vascular integrity by replacing and repairing the damaged endothelial cells in the tissues. To determine whether the lack of appropriate repair by circulating EPCs in cases of smoking-induced endothelial cell injury participates in emphysema pathogenesis, we determined the association between the colony-forming or migratory capacity of circulating EPCs and the presence of emphysema in 51 patients with COPD. The patients were divided into emphysema (n = 23) and non-emphysema groups (n = 28) based on high-resolution computed tomography. Twenty-two smokers with normal lung function and 14 normal non-smokers served as controls. Circulating EPCs isolated from patients with emphysema showed significantly lower colony-forming units (CFUs) than those from patients with non-emphysema group, smokers with normal lung function, and normal non-smokers. EPCs from patients with emphysema showed significantly lower migratory capacity than those from normal non-smoking controls (p < 0.05). On multivariate analysis, the EPC-CFU was independently associated with emphysema (OR 0.944, 95% CI = 0.903-0.987, p = 0.011). Thus, impaired functions of circulating EPCs may contribute to the development of emphysema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Kyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, College of Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
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Ardhanareeswaran K, Mirotsou M. Lung stem and progenitor cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 85:89-95. [PMID: 23406722 DOI: 10.1159/000346500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2012] [Accepted: 11/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few years, new insights have been added to the study of stem cells in the adult lung. The exploration of endogenous lung progenitors as well as the study of exogenously delivered stem cell populations holds promise for advancing our understanding of the biology of lung repair mechanisms. Moreover, it opens new possibilities for the use of stem cell therapy for the development of regenerative medicine approaches for the treatment of lung disease. Here, we discuss the main types of lung epithelial progenitor populations; the potential of endothelial progenitors, mesenchymal stem cells and embryonic stem cells for lung therapy, as well as summarize the cellular mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthikeyan Ardhanareeswaran
- Duke Cardiovascular Research Center and Mandel Center for Hypertension and Atherosclerosis Research, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
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Malli F, Koutsokera A, Paraskeva E, Zakynthinos E, Papagianni M, Makris D, Tsilioni I, Molyvdas PA, Gourgoulianis KI, Daniil Z. Endothelial progenitor cells in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: an evolving concept. PLoS One 2013; 8:e53658. [PMID: 23341966 PMCID: PMC3544914 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0053658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2012] [Accepted: 12/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) has been associated with abnormal vascular remodeling. Bone marrow derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are considered to possess lung tissue repair and vascular remodeling properties. Objectives The study aimed to assess early EPCs levels and EPCs endogenous vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in IPF. In order to examine alterations in the mobilization of EPCs from the bone marrow we measured plasma VEGF. Main Results Twenty-three patients with IPF and fifteen healthy subjects were included. The number of early EPCs colonies was markedly reduced in IPF patients vs controls (6.00±6.49 vs 49.68±16.73, respectively, p<0.001). EPCs were further decreased in patients presenting systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (sPAP)≥35 mmHg. The number of colonies per well correlated negatively with P(A-a)O2 (r = −0.750, p<0.001). Additionally, VEGF mRNA levels were significantly increased in IPF patients. There were no differences observed in VEGF plasma levels in IPF patients when compared to controls. Conclusions The current data suggest that inadequate levels of early EPCs may potentially contribute to suppressed repair and recovery of the damaged pulmonary endothelium and thereby may drive the sequence of events in profibrogenic direction. Increased VEGFmRNA levels in the clinical context of IPF may represent a compensatory mechanism to overcome reduced EPCs levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foteini Malli
- Respiratory Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Angela Koutsokera
- Respiratory Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Efrosini Paraskeva
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Epaminondas Zakynthinos
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Maria Papagianni
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Dimosthenes Makris
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Irene Tsilioni
- Respiratory Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | | | | | - Zoe Daniil
- Respiratory Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
- * E-mail:
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Lung. Regen Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-5690-8_34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Resch T, Pircher A, Kähler CM, Pratschke J, Hilbe W. Endothelial progenitor cells: current issues on characterization and challenging clinical applications. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2012; 8:926-39. [PMID: 22095429 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-011-9332-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Since their discovery about a decade ago, endothelial precursor cells (EPC) have been subjected to intensive investigation. The vision to stimulate respectively suppress a key player of vasculogenesis opened a plethora of clinical applications. However, as research opened deeper insights into EPC biology, the enthusiasm of the pioneer era has been damped in favour of a more critical view. Recent research is focused on three major questions: The fact that the number of EPC in peripheral blood is exceedingly low has consistently raised suspicion whether these cells can plausibly have an impact on physiological or pathophysiological processes. Secondly, whereas the key role of EPC in tumourigenesis has been strongly emphasized by various groups in the past, recent publications are challenging this hypothesis. Thirdly, the lack of consensus on EPC-defining markers and standardized protocols for their detection have repeatedly led to difficulties concerning comparability between papers. In this current review, an overview on recent findings on EPC biology is given, their challenging clinical implications are discussed and the perplexity underlying the current controversial debate is illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Resch
- Center of Operative Medicine, Department of Visceral, Transplant, and Thoracic Surgery, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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Endothelial progenitor cells: the promise of cell-based therapies for acute lung injury. Inflamm Res 2012; 62:3-8. [PMID: 23138575 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-012-0570-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2012] [Revised: 10/03/2012] [Accepted: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are defined as a special type of stem cell that have been found to directly incorporate into injured vessels and that participate in angiogenesis and reconstruction by differentiation into endothelial cells. EPCs are widely used to therapeutically treat cardiovascular disease, limb ischemia and vascular repair. However, the role of EPCs in inflammatory diseases, especially in lung injury, is less studied. OBJECTIVE To investigate the application of EPCs to vascular repair, and the role of EPCs in acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). METHODS A computer-based online search was performed in the PubMed database and Web of Science database for articles published, concerning EPCs, angiogenesis, ALI/ARDS and stem cell transplantation CONCLUSION EPCs have a therapeutic potential for vascular regeneration and may emerge as novel strategy for the diseases that are associated with ALI/ARDS.
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Alphonse RS, Rajabali S, Thébaud B. Lung injury in preterm neonates: the role and therapeutic potential of stem cells. Antioxid Redox Signal 2012; 17:1013-40. [PMID: 22400813 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2011.4267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Continuous improvements in perinatal care have allowed the survival of ever more premature infants, making the task of protecting the extremely immature lung from injury increasingly challenging. Premature infants at risk of developing chronic lung disease or bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) are now born at the late canalicular stage of lung development, just when the airways become juxtaposed to the lung vasculature and when gas-exchange becomes possible. Readily available strategies, including improved antenatal management (education, regionalization, steroids, and antibiotics), together with exogenous surfactant and exclusive/early noninvasive ventilatory support, will likely decrease the incidence/severity of BPD over the next few years. Nonetheless, because of the extreme immaturity of the developing lung, the extent to which disruption of lung growth after prematurity and neonatal management lead to an earlier or more aggravated decline in respiratory function in later life is a matter of concern. Consequently, much more needs to be learned about the mechanisms of lung development, injury, and repair. Recent insight into stem cell biology has sparked interest for stem cells to repair damaged organs. This review summarizes the exciting potential of stem cell-based therapies for lung diseases in general and BPD in particular.
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Trotta T, Di Gioia S, Piro D, Lepore S, Cantatore S, Porro C, Castellani S, Petrella A, Fortunato F, Maffione AB, Conese M. Effect of acute lung injury on VLA-4 and CXCR4 expression in resident and circulating hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 85:252-64. [PMID: 23018206 DOI: 10.1159/000341172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2011] [Accepted: 06/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of acute lung injury on adhesion molecule expression in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) is poorly understood. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine whether there is a relationship -between pulmonary inflammation, expression of VLA-4 (CD49d), LFA-1 (CD11a), L-selectin (CD62L), CXCR4, and chemotaxis in resident HSPCs, as well as the level of circulating HSPCs. METHODS Following intratracheal administration of a single LPS bolus in C57Bl/6 mice, the number of inflammatory cells, differential counts, and amounts of cytokines/ chemokines were studied in cytospins and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) specimens. Expressions of adhesion -molecules and CXCR4 were analyzed in HSPCs by flow cytometry, as well as SDF-1-directed chemotaxis. Levels of HSPCs in the blood were studied in ungated and circulating subpopulations. RESULTS In coincidence with a peak of airway neutrophils, cytokine (IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6), chemokine (KC, MIP-2, and SDF-1) levels in BALF and the number of marrow HSPCs expressing CD49d and CXCR4 significantly increased at 48 h. The number of CD49d- and CXCR4-positive HSPCs dropped at 72 h. The HSPC subset comprising bigger cells behaved the same for CD49d. Chemotaxis of the marrow HSPC subset of bigger cells was higher in LPS-treated animals than in controls at 72 h. Finally, we could detect a significant decrease in circulating Sca-1(+) cells in the mononuclear population at 72 h in LPS-treated mice. CONCLUSIONS Our data provide evidence for a temporal relationship between pulmonary inflammation, CD49d and CXCR4 expression fluctuation in resident HSPCs, and the level of circulating HSPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Trotta
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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Smadja DM, Mauge L, Nunes H, d'Audigier C, Juvin K, Borie R, Carton Z, Bertil S, Blanchard A, Crestani B, Valeyre D, Gaussem P, Israel-Biet D. Imbalance of circulating endothelial cells and progenitors in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Angiogenesis 2012; 16:147-57. [PMID: 22983452 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-012-9306-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2012] [Accepted: 08/28/2012] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibrogenesis during idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is strongly associated with abnormal vascular remodeling. Respective abundance of circulating endothelial cells (CEC) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) might reflect the balance between vascular injury and repair and potentially serve as biomarkers of the disease. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS We postulated that CEC and EPC subtypes might be differently modulated in IPF. Sixty-four consecutive patients with newly diagnosed IPF were prospectively enrolled and compared to thirteen healthy volunteers. CEC were counted with immunomagnetic CD146-coated beads; progenitors CD34+45(dim)/CD34+133+/CD34+KDR+were assessed through flow cytometry and EPC (colony-forming-units-Endothelial Cells, CFU-EC, and endothelial colonies forming cells, ECFC) were quantified by cell culture assays. RESULTS IPF patients were characterized by a marked increase in CEC associated to an EPC defect: both CD34(+)KDR(+) cells and CFU-EC were decreased versus controls. Moreover, in IPF subjects with a low diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DL(CO)) < 40 %, CFU-EC and ECFC were higher compared to those with DL(CO) > 40 %. Finally, ECFC were negatively correlated with DL(CO). During an 18 month follow up, CEC levels increased in patients with exacerbation, including those who died during follow up. Finally, ECFC from patients with exacerbation proliferative potential was strongly increased. CONCLUSION IPF is basically associated with both a vascular injury and a repair defect. This study highlights an adaptative process of EPC mobilization in the most severe forms of IPF, that could reflect enhanced homing to the pulmonary vasculature, which clinical consequences remain to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Smadja
- Hematology Department, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Université Paris Descartes, France.
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Inhaled NO contributes to lung repair in piglets with acute respiratory distress syndrome via increasing circulating endothelial progenitor cells. PLoS One 2012; 7:e33859. [PMID: 22448277 PMCID: PMC3309020 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2011] [Accepted: 02/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in mobilization of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). We hypothesized that inhaled NO (iNO) would induce EPC mobilization and therefore promote lung repair in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Methodology/Principal Findings Healthy piglets were randomized into four groups (n = 6): Control (Con; mechanical ventilation only); ARDS (established by oleic acid infusion and mechanical ventilation); ARDS plus granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF; 10 µg/kg/d subcutaneously); ARDS plus NO inhalation (iNO; 10 ppm). EPCs and mobilizing cytokines were assayed at different time points (baseline, 0, 24, 72 and 168 h) and injury reparation was assessed at 168 h. Compared to the Con group, the levels of EPCs were increased in bone marrow but not in blood in the ARDS group at 24 h. Compared to the ARDS group, inhaled NO induced a rapid elevation in the number of CD34+KDR+, KDR+CD133+ and CD34+KDR+CD133+ EPCs in blood (2163±454 vs. 1094±416, 1302±413 vs. 429±244, 1140±494 vs. 453±273 cells/ml, respectively, P<0.05), and a reduction in the percentage of KDR+CD133+ cells in bone marrow. Lung CD34, CD133, VEGF, VEGF receptor 2, endothelial NO synthase mRNA, and VEGF and VEGF receptor 2 protein expression levels were augmented in the iNO group, but not in the G-CSF group, compared to ARDS. Furthermore, iNO treatment reduced vascular permeability, increased pulmonary vessel density, and alleviated pulmonary edema and inflammation compared to ARDS treatment. Plasma VEGF, stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) and bone marrow NO2−/NO3− were significantly higher in the iNO group compared to the ARDS group at 72 h. Conclusions These results suggest that iNO induces mobilization of EPCs from bone marrow into circulation, contributes to vascular repair, and thereby alleviates lung damage.
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Ohle SJ, Anandaiah A, Fabian AJ, Fine A, Kotton DN. Maintenance and repair of the lung endothelium does not involve contributions from marrow-derived endothelial precursor cells. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2012; 47:11-9. [PMID: 22323363 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2011-0180oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung endothelium is believed to be a quiescent tissue with the potential to exhibit rapid and effective repair after injury. Endothelial progenitor cells derived from the bone marrow have been proposed as one source of new endothelial cells that may directly contribute to pulmonary endothelial cell homeostasis and repair. Here we use bone marrow transplantation models, using purified hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) or unfractionated whole marrow, to assess engraftment of cells in the endothelium of a variety of tissues. We find scant evidence for any contribution of bone marrow-derived cells to the pulmonary endothelium in the steady state or after recovery from hyperoxia-induced endothelial injury. Although a rare population of CD45-/CD31+/VECadherin+ bone marrow-derived cells, originating from HSCs, can be found in lung tissue after transplantation, these cells are not readily found in anatomic locations that define the pulmonary endothelium. Moreover, by tracking transplanted bone marrow cells obtained from donor transgenic mice containing endothelial lineage-selective reporters (Tie2-GFP), no contribution of bone marrow-derived cells to the adult lung, liver, pancreas, heart, and kidney endothelium can be detected, even after prolonged follow-up periods of 11 months or after recovery from hyperoxic pulmonary endothelial injury. Our findings argue against any significant engraftment of bone marrow-derived cells in the pulmonary vascular endothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Ohle
- The Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
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Lee HJ, Choi CW, Kim EK, Kim HS, Kim BI, Choi JH. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor reduces hyperoxia-induced alveolarization inhibition by increasing angiogenic factors. Neonatology 2012; 101:278-84. [PMID: 22286224 DOI: 10.1159/000335285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2011] [Accepted: 11/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is known to mobilize endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) from bone marrow. EPCs reportedly promote neovascularization and participate in the repair of lung structure in adult animals. OBJECTIVE We tested the hypothesis that G-CSF contributes to alveolar growth by increasing the production of angiogenic growth factor in the lungs of hyperoxia-exposed neonatal mice. METHODS Neonatal mice were exposed to hyperoxia (80%) or room air (RA) for 7 days and treated with G-CSF (50 μg/kg/day) or vehicle for 5 days. Blood was subjected to flow cytometry to gate for CD45(dim/-)/Sca-1(+)/CD133(+)/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor-2 (VEGFR2) to define the EPC population at day 7. RESULTS The percentage of EPCs in the peripheral blood and VEGF and VEGFR2 levels in the lungs of neonatal mice exposed to hyperoxia were significantly reduced compared to those of mice kept in RA. G-CSF significantly increased EPCs in the peripheral blood, and VEGF and VEGFR2 levels in the lungs of both mice exposed to hyperoxia and mice kept in RA. G-CSF restored alveolarization inhibited by hyperoxia without altering normal alveolarization under RA. CONCLUSION G-CSF restored alveolarization inhibited by hyperoxia in the developing lungs and this alveolarization-enhancing effect of G-CSF is associated with mobilization of EPCs and upregulation of VEGF signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Ju Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Imaoka H, Punia N, Irshad A, Ying S, Corrigan CJ, Howie K, O'Byrne PM, Gauvreau GM, Sehmi R. Lung homing of endothelial progenitor cells in humans with asthma after allergen challenge. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2011; 184:771-8. [PMID: 21719753 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201102-0272oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Increased bronchial vascularity is a feature of asthma that can contribute to airflow obstruction and progressive decline in lung function. Angiogenesis is associated with the lung homing and in situ differentiation of endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) in mouse models of asthma. We have previously shown that inhibiting allergen (Ag)-induced recruitment of EPC in sensitized mice attenuated increased bronchial vascularity and development of airway hyperresponsiveness. OBJECTIVES We investigated the accumulation of EPC and formation of new blood vessels in the lungs of human subjects with asthma after Ag inhalation challenge. METHODS Consenting patients with mild atopic asthma (n = 13) with FEV1 ≥ 70%, methacholine PC20 ≤ 16 mg/ml, and a dual response to Ag were recruited. Sputum levels of EPC were determined by multigating flow cytometry, and lung vascularity was enumerated by immunostaining with von Willebrand factor. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Sputum levels of EPC were determined by multigating flow cytometry and lung vascularity was enumerated by immunostaining with von Willebrand factor. There was a significant increase in sputum EPC levels 24 hours post Ag but not diluent challenge. Similarly, a significant increase in the number and diameter of blood vessels in lung biopsy tissue 24 hours post Ag was observed. In vitro culture of EPC demonstrated the capacity of these cells to differentiate into mature endothelial cells and form tubelike vessel structures. In sputum supernatants, there was a significant increase in CXCR2 agonists, IL-8, and Gro-α 24 hours post Ag. Only Gro-α stimulated a significant EPC migrational response in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that increased lung homing of EPC may promote bronchial vascularity in allergic asthmatic responses and that the recruitment of these progenitors maybe orchestrated by CXCR2 chemokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruki Imaoka
- Asthma Research Group, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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