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Piao Y, Yun SY, Fu Z, Jang JM, Back MJ, Kim HH, Kim DK. Recombinant Human HAPLN1 Mitigates Pulmonary Emphysema by Increasing TGF-β Receptor I and Sirtuins Levels in Human Alveolar Epithelial Cells. Mol Cells 2023; 46:558-572. [PMID: 37587649 PMCID: PMC10495690 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2023.0097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) will be the third leading cause of death worldwide by 2030. One of its components, emphysema, has been defined as a lung disease that irreversibly damages the lungs' alveoli. Treatment is currently unavailable for emphysema symptoms and complete cure of the disease. Hyaluronan (HA) and proteoglycan link protein 1 (HAPLN1), an HA-binding protein linking HA in the extracellular matrix to stabilize the proteoglycan structure, forms a bulky hydrogel-like aggregate. Studies on the biological role of the full-length HAPLN1, a simple structure-stabilizing protein, are limited. Here, we demonstrated for the first time that treating human alveolar epithelial type 2 cells with recombinant human HAPLN1 (rhHAPLN1) increased TGF-β receptor 1 (TGF-β RI) protein levels, but not TGF-β RII, in a CD44-dependent manner with concurrent enhancement of the phosphorylated Smad3 (p-Smad3), but not p-Smad2, upon TGF-β1 stimulation. Furthermore, rhHAPLN1 significantly increased sirtuins levels (i.e., SIRT1/2/6) without TGF-β1 and inhibited acetylated p300 levels that were increased by TGF-β1. rhHAPLN1 is crucial in regulating cellular senescence, including p53, p21, and p16, and inflammation markers such as p-NF-κB and Nrf2. Both senile emphysema mouse model induced via intraperitoneal rhHAPLN1 injections and porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE)-induced COPD mouse model generated via rhHAPLN1-containing aerosols inhalations showed a significantly potent efficacy in reducing alveolar spaces enlargement. Preclinical trials are underway to investigate the effects of inhaled rhHAPLN1-containing aerosols on several COPD animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongwei Piao
- Department of Environmental & Health Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
- HaplnScience Inc., Seongnam 13494, Korea
| | - So Yoon Yun
- Department of Environmental & Health Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
- HaplnScience Inc., Seongnam 13494, Korea
| | - Zhicheng Fu
- Department of Environmental & Health Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Ji Min Jang
- Department of Environmental & Health Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Moon Jung Back
- Department of Environmental & Health Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Ha Hyung Kim
- Department of Environmental & Health Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Dae Kyong Kim
- Department of Environmental & Health Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
- HaplnScience Inc., Seongnam 13494, Korea
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Avila FR, Torres-Guzman RA, Maita KC, Garcia JP, Haider CR, Ho OA, Carter RE, McLeod CJ, Bruce CJ, Forte AJ. Perceived Age as a Mortality and Comorbidity Predictor: A Systematic Review. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2023; 47:442-454. [PMID: 35650301 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-022-02932-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Perceived age is defined as how old a person looks to external evaluators. It reflects the underlying biological age, which is a measure based on physical and physiological parameters reflecting a person's aging process more accurately than chronological age. People with a higher biological age have shorter lives compared to those with a lower biological age with the same chronological age. Our review aims to find whether increased perceived age is a risk factor for overall mortality risk or comorbidities. METHODS A literature search of three databases was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines for studies analyzing perceived age or isolated facial characteristics of old age and their relationship to mortality risk or comorbidity outcomes. Data on the number of patients, type and characteristics of evaluation methods, evaluator characteristics, mean chronologic age, facial characteristics studied, measured outcomes, and study results were collected. RESULTS Out of 977 studies, 15 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. These studies found an increase in mortality risk of 6-51% in older-looking people compared to controls (HR 1.06-1.51, p < 0.05). In addition, perceived age and some facial characteristics of old age were also associated with cardiovascular risk and myocardial infarction, cognitive function, bone mineral density, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). CONCLUSION Perceived age promises to be a clinically useful predictor of overall mortality and cardiovascular, pulmonary, cognitive, and osseous comorbidities. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco R Avila
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | | | - Karla C Maita
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - John P Garcia
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Clifton R Haider
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Olivia A Ho
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Rickey E Carter
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - Charles J Bruce
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Antonio J Forte
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA.
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3
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Szczegielniak J, Bogacz K, Łuniewski J, Krajczy M, Pilis W, Majorczyk E. Excessive Facial Wrinkling Is Associated with COPD Occurrence-Does COPD Damage Skin Beauty and Quality? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1991. [PMID: 36767357 PMCID: PMC9915040 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate facial wrinkling in COPD patients, its relationship with lung function parameters, and the differences in wrinkling between COPD patients and smokers without COPD. The study included 56 patients with COPD with smoking history and 84 controls. Wrinkle intensity was measured and classified using Daniell's grading system, and the total length of wrinkles was also estimated. The predominant grades of Daniell's scale were IV-V for COPD patients (89.3% of current and 75.0% of former smokers), III-V for controls who currently smoke (89.2%), and II-III for former (92.9%) and never smokers (100%) controls. These distributions were statistically significantly different, but current and former smokers with COPD and COPD former smokers and control current smokers did not differ. In terms of the total length of wrinkles, the COPD patients possessed significantly longer wrinkles than the control subgroups (all p-values were <0.004). Negative correlations between wrinkle length and lung parameters were found. This phenomenon seems to be independent of smoking, but the length of wrinkles is related to lung function parameters. It seems that not only smoking but also COPD damages skin beauty and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Szczegielniak
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, Proszkowska Street 76, 45-758 Opole, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Bogacz
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, Proszkowska Street 76, 45-758 Opole, Poland
| | - Jacek Łuniewski
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, Proszkowska Street 76, 45-758 Opole, Poland
| | - Marcin Krajczy
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, Proszkowska Street 76, 45-758 Opole, Poland
| | - Wiesław Pilis
- Department of Health Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa, Armii Krajowej Street 13/15, 42-200 Częstochowa, Poland
| | - Edyta Majorczyk
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, Proszkowska Street 76, 45-758 Opole, Poland
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Langton AK, Tsoureli-Nikita E, Merrick H, Zhao X, Antoniou C, Stratigos A, Akhtar R, Derby B, Sherratt MJ, Watson RE, Griffiths CE. The systemic influence of chronic smoking on skin structure and mechanical function. J Pathol 2020; 251:420-428. [PMID: 32472631 DOI: 10.1002/path.5476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
One of the major functions of human skin is to provide protection from the environment. Although we cannot entirely avoid, for example, sun exposure, it is likely that exposure to other environmental factors could affect cutaneous function. A number of studies have identified smoking as one such factor that leads to both facial wrinkle formation and a decline in skin function. In addition to the direct physical effects of tobacco smoke on skin, its inhalation has additional profound systemic effects for the smoker. The adverse effects on the respiratory and cardiovascular systems from smoking are well known. Central to the pathological changes associated with smoking is the elastic fibre, a key component of the extracellular matrices of lungs. In this study we examined the systemic effect of chronic smoking (>40 cigarettes/day; >5 years) on the histology of the cutaneous elastic fibre system, the nanostructure and mechanics of one of its key components, the fibrillin-rich microfibril, and the micromechanical stiffness of the dermis and epidermis. We show that photoprotected skin of chronic smokers exhibits significant remodelling of the elastic fibre network (both elastin and fibrillin-rich microfibrils) as compared to the skin of age- and sex-matched non-smokers. This remodelling is not associated with increased gelatinase activity (as identified by in situ zymography). Histological remodelling is accompanied by significant ultrastructural changes to extracted fibrillin-rich microfibrils. Finally, using scanning acoustic microscopy, we demonstrated that chronic smoking significantly increases the stiffness of both the dermis and the epidermis. Taken together, these data suggest an unappreciated systemic effect of chronic inhalation of tobacco smoke on the cutaneous elastic fibre network. Such changes may in part underlie the skin wrinkling and loss of skin elasticity associated with smoking. © 2020 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail K Langton
- Centre for Dermatology Research, The University of Manchester & Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.,NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Evridiki Tsoureli-Nikita
- First Department of Dermatology, Andreas Syggros Hospital of Cutaneous & Venereal Diseases, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Holly Merrick
- Centre for Dermatology Research, The University of Manchester & Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Xuegen Zhao
- School of Materials, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Christina Antoniou
- First Department of Dermatology, Andreas Syggros Hospital of Cutaneous & Venereal Diseases, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexander Stratigos
- First Department of Dermatology, Andreas Syggros Hospital of Cutaneous & Venereal Diseases, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Riaz Akhtar
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Brian Derby
- School of Materials, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Michael J Sherratt
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Rachel Eb Watson
- Centre for Dermatology Research, The University of Manchester & Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.,NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Christopher Em Griffiths
- Centre for Dermatology Research, The University of Manchester & Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.,NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
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5
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O'Brien ME, Chandra D, Wilson RC, Karoleski CM, Fuhrman CR, Leader JK, Pu J, Zhang Y, Morris A, Nouraie S, Bon J, Urban Z, Sciurba FC. Loss of skin elasticity is associated with pulmonary emphysema, biomarkers of inflammation, and matrix metalloproteinase activity in smokers. Respir Res 2019; 20:128. [PMID: 31234847 PMCID: PMC6591816 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-019-1098-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elastin breakdown and the resultant loss of lung elastic recoil is a hallmark of pulmonary emphysema in susceptible individuals as a consequence of tobacco smoke exposure. Systemic alterations to the synthesis and degradation of elastin may be important to our understanding of disease phenotypes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. We investigated the association of skin elasticity with pulmonary emphysema, obstructive lung disease, and blood biomarkers of inflammation and tissue protease activity in tobacco-exposed individuals. METHODS Two hundred and thirty-six Caucasian individuals were recruited into a sub-study of the University of Pittsburgh Specialized Center for Clinically Orientated Research in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, a prospective cohort study of current and former smokers. The skin viscoelastic modulus (VE), a determinant of skin elasticity, was recorded from the volar forearm and facial wrinkling severity was determined using the Daniell scoring system. RESULTS In a multiple regression analysis, reduced VE was significantly associated with cross-sectional measurement of airflow obstruction (FEV1/FVC) and emphysema quantified from computed tomography (CT) images, β = 0.26, p = 0.001 and β = 0.24, p = 0.001 respectively. In emphysema-susceptible individuals, elasticity-determined skin age was increased (median 4.6 years) compared to the chronological age of subjects without emphysema. Plasma biomarkers of inflammation (TNFR1, TNFR2, CRP, PTX3, and SAA) and matrix metalloproteinase activity (MMP1, TIMP1, TIMP2, and TIMP4) were inversely associated with skin elasticity. CONCLUSIONS We report that an objective non-invasive determinant of skin elasticity is independently associated with measures of lung function, pulmonary emphysema, and biomarkers of inflammation and tissue proteolysis in tobacco-exposed individuals. Loss of skin elasticity is a novel observation that may link the common pathological processes that drive tissue elastolysis in the extracellular matrix of the skin and lung in emphysema-susceptible individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael E O'Brien
- Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Kaufmann Building, Suite 1211, 3471 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Divay Chandra
- Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Kaufmann Building, Suite 1211, 3471 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Robert C Wilson
- Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Kaufmann Building, Suite 1211, 3471 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Chad M Karoleski
- Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Kaufmann Building, Suite 1211, 3471 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Carl R Fuhrman
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Joseph K Leader
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jiantao Pu
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yingze Zhang
- Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Kaufmann Building, Suite 1211, 3471 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Alison Morris
- Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Kaufmann Building, Suite 1211, 3471 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.,Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Seyed Nouraie
- Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Kaufmann Building, Suite 1211, 3471 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Jessica Bon
- Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Kaufmann Building, Suite 1211, 3471 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.,Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Zsolt Urban
- Department of Human Genetics Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Frank C Sciurba
- Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Kaufmann Building, Suite 1211, 3471 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
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6
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Mao CT, Chen TH, Tseng CN, Chen SW, Hsieh IC, Hung MJ, Chu PH, Wang CH, Wen MS, Cherng WJ, Chen DY. Clinical outcomes of second-generation limus-eluting stents compared to paclitaxel-eluting stents for acute myocardial infarction with cardiogenic shock. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0214417. [PMID: 30943217 PMCID: PMC6447233 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Whether the cardiovascular (CV) outcomes of second-generation limus-eluting stents (LESs) differ from those of paclitaxel-eluting stents (PESs) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) complicated by cardiogenic shock (CS) is still unclear. Methods We used the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database to analyse data of 516 patients with AMI and CS diagnosed from January 2007 to December 2011. We used propensity score matching to adjust for the imbalance in covariate baseline values between these two groups. We evaluated clinical outcomes by comparing 197 subjects who used second-generation LESs to 319 matched subjects who used PESs. Results The risk of the primary composite outcomes (i.e., myocardial infarction, coronary revascularisation or CV death) was significantly lower in the second-generation LES group than in the PES group [37.3% vs. 51.8%; hazard ratio (HR), 0.73; 95% CI: 0.56–0.95] at the 12-month follow-up. The patients who received second-generation LESs had a lower risk of coronary revascularisation (HR 0.62; 95% CI: 0.41–0.93) than those who used PESs. However, the risks of myocardial infarction (HR 0.56; 95% CI: 0.26–1.24), ischemic stroke (HR 0.73; 95% CI: 0.23–2.35), or CV death (HR 0.90; 95% CI: 0.63–1.28) were not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusions Among patients with CS-complicating AMI, second-generation LES implantation significantly reduced the risk of coronary revascularisation and composite CV events compared to PES implantation at the 12-month follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Tai Mao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Hsing Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Nan Tseng
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Wei Chen
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - I-Chang Hsieh
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jui Hung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Hsien Chu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Hung Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shien Wen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jin Cherng
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Dong-Yi Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Janssen R, Piscaer I, Franssen FME, Wouters EFM. Emphysema: looking beyond alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency. Expert Rev Respir Med 2019; 13:381-397. [DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2019.1580575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rob Janssen
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Canisius-Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ianthe Piscaer
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Frits M. E. Franssen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- CIRO, Center of Expertise for Chronic Organ Failure, Horn, The Netherlands
| | - Emiel F. M. Wouters
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- CIRO, Center of Expertise for Chronic Organ Failure, Horn, The Netherlands
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8
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Bhatt N, Agrawal S, Mehta K. Risk factors and self-perception for facial aging among Nepalese population. J Cosmet Dermatol 2019; 18:1794-1799. [PMID: 30772949 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.12885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Facial appearance has increasing importance to individuals and women, in particular. Till date, there are no reports of the extrinsic factors influencing skin aging in Nepalese population. OBJECTIVES To assess the risk factors and self-perception for facial aging in Nepalese population. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among 110 attendees aged 30-70 years visiting the dermatology outpatient department of B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences. An interview of the attendees was conducted to establish their perceived risk factors and age knowledge based on a questionnaire. The facial wrinkling was estimated by facial wrinkle scores using standardized visual assessment method by a dermatologist who was blinded with regard to all risk factors and age of the subjects. RESULTS Around 50% of attendees were conscious about facial health, 53% perceived their facial age as their chronological age, 39% used some facial care products, and 68% were aware of the risk factors for facial aging. The major perceived risk factors were unhealthy eating habits, stress, less exercise, dehydration, diseased state and sleeping habits. A significant association was found between increasing age, place of birth in hills or mountains and sun exposure with high wrinkling score. CONCLUSION Facial skin wrinkles can be considered as a marker for intrinsic aging. Though the main factor responsible for extrinsic aging is ultraviolet radiation, identification of the factors may help in motivating the individuals for the adoption of a range of healthy behaviors for facial age in Nepalese population that may provide important public health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navin Bhatt
- Department of Dermatology, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| | - Sudha Agrawal
- Department of Dermatology, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| | - Kabindra Mehta
- Department of Dermatology, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
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9
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Clinical and laboratory skin biomarkers of organ-specific diseases. Mech Ageing Dev 2019; 177:144-149. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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10
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Divo MJ, Celli BR, Poblador-Plou B, Calderón-Larrañaga A, de-Torres JP, Gimeno-Feliu LA, Bertó J, Zulueta JJ, Casanova C, Pinto-Plata VM, Cabrera-Lopez C, Polverino F, Carmona Píréz J, Prados-Torres A, Marin JM. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) as a disease of early aging: Evidence from the EpiChron Cohort. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193143. [PMID: 29470502 PMCID: PMC5823454 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging is an important risk factor for most chronic diseases. Patients with COPD develop more comorbidities than non-COPD subjects. We hypothesized that the development of comorbidities characteristically affecting the elderly occur at an earlier age in subjects with the diagnosis of COPD. METHODS AND FINDINGS We included all subjects carrying the diagnosis of COPD (n = 27,617), and a similar number of age and sex matched individuals without the diagnosis, extracted from the 727,241 records of individuals 40 years and older included in the EpiChron Cohort (Aragon, Spain). We compared the cumulative number of comorbidities, their prevalence and the mortality risk between both groups. Using network analysis, we explored the connectivity between comorbidities and the most influential comorbidities in both groups. We divided the groups into 5 incremental age categories and compared their comorbidity networks. We then selected those comorbidities known to affect primarily the elderly and compared their prevalence across the 5 age groups. In addition, we replicated the analysis in the smokers' subgroup to correct for the confounding effect of cigarette smoking. Subjects with COPD had more comorbidities and died at a younger age compared to controls. Comparison of both cohorts across 5 incremental age groups showed that the number of comorbidities, the prevalence of diseases characteristic of aging and network's density for the COPD group aged 56-65 were similar to those of non-COPD 15 to 20 years older. The findings persisted after adjusting for smoking. CONCLUSION Multimorbidity increases with age but in patients carrying the diagnosis of COPD, these comorbidities are seen at an earlier age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel J. Divo
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Bartolome R. Celli
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Beatriz Poblador-Plou
- EpiChron Research Group on Chronic Diseases, Instituto Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IISAragón), REDISSEC (ISCIII), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Amaia Calderón-Larrañaga
- EpiChron Research Group on Chronic Diseases, Instituto Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IISAragón), REDISSEC (ISCIII), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Luis A. Gimeno-Feliu
- EpiChron Research Group on Chronic Diseases, Instituto Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IISAragón), REDISSEC (ISCIII), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Juan Bertó
- Pulmonary Department, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Javier J. Zulueta
- Pulmonary Department, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ciro Casanova
- Pulmonary Department, Hospital Universitario La Candelaria, Universidad de La Laguna, Carretera del Rosario, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Victor M. Pinto-Plata
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Carlos Cabrera-Lopez
- Pulmonary Department, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr Negrin, Las Palmas de Gran Canarias, Spain
| | - Francesca Polverino
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jonás Carmona Píréz
- EpiChron Research Group on Chronic Diseases, Instituto Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IISAragón), REDISSEC (ISCIII), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Alexandra Prados-Torres
- EpiChron Research Group on Chronic Diseases, Instituto Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IISAragón), REDISSEC (ISCIII), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jose M. Marin
- Pulmonary Department, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, IISAragón & CIBERES, Zaragoza, Spain
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Soriano JB, Burgel PR. On Don Quixote and pink puffers: multi-organ loss of tissue COPD. Eur Respir J 2018; 51:51/2/1702560. [DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02560-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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12
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Majewski S, Pietrzak A, Tworek D, Szewczyk K, Kumor-Kisielewska A, Kurmanowska Z, Górski P, Zalewska-Janowska A, Piotrowski WJ. Skin condition and its relationship to systemic inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2017; 12:2407-2415. [PMID: 28860735 PMCID: PMC5565242 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s141805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The systemic (extrapulmonary) effects and comorbidities of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) contribute substantially to its burden. The supposed link between COPD and its systemic effects on distal organs could be due to the low-grade systemic inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the systemic inflammation may influence the skin condition in COPD patients. Materials and methods Forty patients with confirmed diagnosis of COPD and a control group consisting of 30 healthy smokers and 20 healthy never-smokers were studied. Transepidermal water loss, stratum corneum hydration, skin sebum content, melanin index, erythema index, and skin temperature were measured with worldwide-acknowledged biophysical measuring methods at the volar forearm of all participants using a multifunctional skin physiology monitor. Biomarkers of systemic inflammation, including high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), were measured in serum using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Results There were significant differences between COPD patients and healthy never-smokers in skin temperature, melanin index, sebum content, and hydration level (P<0.05), but not for transepidermal water loss and erythema index. No significant difference was noted between COPD patients and smokers in any of the biophysical properties of the skin measured. The mean levels of hsCRP and IL-6 in serum were significantly higher in COPD patients and healthy smokers in comparison with healthy never-smokers. There were significant correlations between skin temperature and serum hsCRP (R=0.40; P=0.02) as well as skin temperature and serum IL-6 (R=0.49; P=0.005) in smokers. Stratum corneum hydration correlated significantly with serum TNF-α (R=0.37; P=0.01) in COPD patients. Conclusion Differences noted in several skin biophysical properties and biomarkers of systemic inflammation between COPD patients, smokers, and healthy never-smokers may suggest a possible link between smoking-driven, low-grade systemic inflammation, and the overall skin condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Majewski
- Department of Pneumology and Allergy, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.,Healthy Ageing Research Centre (HARC), Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna Pietrzak
- Department of Psychodermatology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Damian Tworek
- Department of General and Oncological Pulmonology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Karolina Szewczyk
- Department of Molecular Bases of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Zofia Kurmanowska
- Department of Molecular Bases of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Paweł Górski
- Department of Pneumology and Allergy, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.,Healthy Ageing Research Centre (HARC), Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Wojciech Jerzy Piotrowski
- Department of Pneumology and Allergy, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.,Healthy Ageing Research Centre (HARC), Lodz, Poland
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Chang KH, Hsu CC, Muo CH, Hsu CY, Liu HC, Kao CH, Chen CY, Chang MY, Hsu YC. Air pollution exposure increases the risk of rheumatoid arthritis: A longitudinal and nationwide study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2016; 94:495-499. [PMID: 27302847 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been associated with inhaled pollutants in several studies, and it is a disease of chronic inflammation. The association between air pollution and the risk of RA remains unclear. Therefore, we conducted this nationwide, retrospective, sex-stratification study to evaluate this association. METHODS We collected data from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database (LHID), maintained by the Taiwan Bureau of National Health Insurance, and the Taiwan Air Quality-Monitoring Database (TAQMD), released by the Taiwan Environmental Protection Agency. The TAQMD provides the daily concentrations of particulate matter with the aerodynamic diameter <2.5μm (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) from 74 ambient air quality-monitoring stations distributed all over Taiwan during 1998-2010. The LHID and TAQMD were linked according to the residential areas of insurants and the areas where the air quality-monitoring stations were located. A residential area was defined according to the location of the clinic and hospital that treated acute upper respiratory tract infections. The yearly average air pollutant concentrations were categorized into 4 levels based on quartiles. We evaluated the risk of RA in residents exposed to 4 levels of PM2.5 and NO2 concentrations. RESULTS We detected an increased risk of RA in participants exposed to PM2.5 and NO2. Among four quartiles of NO2 concentration, namely Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4, the adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) in Q2, Q3, and Q4 compared with that in Q1 were 1.07 (95% confidence interval [CI]=0.76-1.50), 1.63 (95% CI=1.16-2.31),and 1.49 (95% CI=1.05-2.12), respectively. Regarding the PM2.5 concentrations, the aHRs after exposure to the Q2, Q3, and Q4 levels were 1.22 (95% CI=0.85-1.74), 1.15 (95% CI=0.82-1.62), and 0.79 (95% CI=0.53-1.16), respectively. CONCLUSION The results of this nationwide study suggest an increased risk of RA in residents exposed to NO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuang-Hsi Chang
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chao Hsu
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Muo
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chung Y Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chuan Liu
- Respiratory Therapy Intensive Care Unit, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Kao
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Ying Chen
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Yin Chang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chao Hsu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Mackay Medical College, Taiwan.
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Rutten EP, Gopal P, Wouters EF, Franssen FM, Hageman GJ, Vanfleteren LE, Spruit MA, Reynaert NL. Various Mechanistic Pathways Representing the Aging Process Are Altered in COPD. Chest 2016; 149:53-61. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.15-0645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
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15
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Bhavani S, Tsai CL, Perusich S, Hesselbacher S, Coxson H, Pandit L, Corry DB, Kheradmand F. Clinical and Immunological Factors in Emphysema Progression. Five-Year Prospective Longitudinal Exacerbation Study of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (LES-COPD). Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2015; 192:1171-8. [PMID: 26241705 PMCID: PMC4731622 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201504-0736oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Cross-sectional studies of T-cell responses to self-antigens correlate with baseline emphysema severity. OBJECTIVES We investigated whether clinical and/or immunological factors could predict disease progression, such as emphysema, FEV1, and 6-minute-walk distance (6MWD), in former and active smokers in a 5-year prospective study. METHODS We recruited 224 ever smokers over 40 years of age and with greater than a 15 pack-year smoking history. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Repeated spirometry, 6MWD, and peripheral blood T-cell cytokine responses to lung elastin fragments were measured. Baseline and repeat chest computed tomography (CT) scans (34 to 65 mo apart) were used to quantify emphysema progression. Of the 141 ever-smokers with baseline and repeat CT scans, the mean (SD) annual rate of change in percent emphysema was +0.46 (0.92), ranging from -1.8 to +4.1. In multivariable analyses, the rate of emphysema progression was greater in subjects who had lower body mass index (BMI) (+0.15 per 5-unit decrease in BMI; 95% confidence interval, +0.03 to +0.29). In active smokers, increased IFN-γ and IL-6 T-cell responses had a positive association with the annual rate of emphysema progression. Male sex and IL-6 T-cell responses to elastin fragments were significantly associated with annual 6MWD decline, whereas IL-13 was associated with an increase in annual 6MWD. CONCLUSIONS The rate of emphysema progression quantified by CT scans among ever-smokers was highly variable; clinical factors and biomarkers explained only some of the variability. Aggressive clinical care that targets active smokers with autoreactive T cells and low BMI may temporize progression of emphysema.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chu-Lin Tsai
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Harvey Coxson
- Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; and
| | - Lavannya Pandit
- Department of Medicine
- Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases, Houston Texas
| | - David B. Corry
- Department of Medicine
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, and
- Biology of Inflammation Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases, Houston Texas
| | - Farrah Kheradmand
- Department of Medicine
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, and
- Biology of Inflammation Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases, Houston Texas
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Adnot S, Amsellem V, Boyer L, Marcos E, Saker M, Houssaini A, Kebe K, Dagouassat M, Lipskaia L, Boczkowski J. Telomere Dysfunction and Cell Senescence in Chronic Lung Diseases: Therapeutic Potential. Pharmacol Ther 2015; 153:125-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2015.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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18
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Miłkowska-Dymanowska J, Białas AJ, Zalewska-Janowska A, Górski P, Piotrowski WJ. Underrecognized comorbidities of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2015. [PMID: 26203239 PMCID: PMC4507790 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s82420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
COPD is associated with different comorbid diseases, and their frequency increases with age. Comorbidities severely impact costs of health care, intensity of symptoms, quality of life and, most importantly, may contribute to life span shortening. Some comorbidities are well acknowledged and established in doctors’ awareness. However, both everyday practice and literature searches provide evidence of other, less recognized diseases, which are frequently associated with COPD. We call them underrecognized comorbidities, and the reason why this is so may be related to their relatively low clinical significance, inefficient literature data, or data ambiguity. In this review, we describe rhinosinusitis, skin abnormalities, eye diseases, different endocrinological disorders, and gastroesophageal reflux disease. Possible links to COPD pathogenesis have been discussed, if the data were available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Miłkowska-Dymanowska
- Department of Pneumology and Allergy, 1st Chair of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland ; Healthy Aging Research Centre (HARC), Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Adam J Białas
- Department of Pneumology and Allergy, 1st Chair of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland ; Healthy Aging Research Centre (HARC), Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Anna Zalewska-Janowska
- Unit of Psychodermatology, Chair of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Paweł Górski
- Department of Pneumology and Allergy, 1st Chair of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland ; Healthy Aging Research Centre (HARC), Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Wojciech J Piotrowski
- Department of Pneumology and Allergy, 1st Chair of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland ; Healthy Aging Research Centre (HARC), Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
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MMP-1 and -3 Promoter Variants Are Indicative of a Common Susceptibility for Skin and Lung Aging: Results from a Cohort of Elderly Women (SALIA). J Invest Dermatol 2015; 135:1268-1274. [DOI: 10.1038/jid.2015.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Boyer L, Savale L, Boczkowski J, Adnot S. [Cellular senescence and pulmonary disease: COPD as an example]. Rev Mal Respir 2014; 31:893-902. [PMID: 25496787 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2014.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The biological mechanisms of aging, and more specifically cellular senescence, are increasingly a subject of research. Cellular senescence may be a common determinant of many age-related diseases, including some chronic lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Many arguments suggest that these diseases are associated with premature senescence of lung cells, which may be involved in the pathophysiology of respiratory alterations. Furthermore, these diseases are associated with systemic manifestations, such as bone loss, muscle wasting and atherosclerosis, which impact on symptoms and prognosis. Whether these alterations are related to a common pathogenic mechanism or develop independently in patients with COPD remains an open question. In this review, we will focus on cellular senescence and COPD. Two concepts will be discussed: (1) the role of cell senescence in the pathophysiology of lung destruction, vascular remodeling and inflammation in COPD, (2) the possible link between the pulmonary and systemic manifestations of COPD which could reflect a general process of accelerated aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Boyer
- Service de physiologie-explorations fonctionnelles, DHU A-TVB, hôpital Henri-Mondor, AP-HP, 51, avenue du Maréchal-de-Lattre-de-Tassigny, 94010 Créteil, France; Inserm U955, faculté de médecine, 94010 Créteil, France; Université Paris-Est, UMR S955, faculté de médecine, 94010 Créteil, France.
| | - L Savale
- Service de pneumologie, DHU thorax innovation, hôpital Bicêtre, AP-HP, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Faculté de médecine, université Paris Sud, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - J Boczkowski
- Inserm U955, faculté de médecine, 94010 Créteil, France; Université Paris-Est, UMR S955, faculté de médecine, 94010 Créteil, France
| | - S Adnot
- Service de physiologie-explorations fonctionnelles, DHU A-TVB, hôpital Henri-Mondor, AP-HP, 51, avenue du Maréchal-de-Lattre-de-Tassigny, 94010 Créteil, France; Inserm U955, faculté de médecine, 94010 Créteil, France; Université Paris-Est, UMR S955, faculté de médecine, 94010 Créteil, France
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Ito K, Mercado N. STOP accelerating lung aging for the treatment of COPD. Exp Gerontol 2014; 59:21-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2014.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2014] [Revised: 03/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Kumar M, Seeger W, Voswinckel R. Senescence-associated secretory phenotype and its possible role in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2014; 51:323-33. [PMID: 25171460 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2013-0382ps] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major disease of the lungs. It primarily occurs after a prolonged period of cigarette smoking. Chronic inflammation of airways and the alveolar space as well as lung tissue destruction are the hallmarks of COPD. Recently it has been shown that cellular senescence might play a role in the pathogenesis of COPD. Cellular senescence comprises signal transduction program, leading to irreversible cell cycle arrest. The growth arrest in senescence can be triggered by many different mechanisms, including DNA damage and its recognition by cellular sensors, leading to the activation of cell cycle checkpoint responses and activation of DNA repair machinery. Senescence can be induced by several genotoxic factors apart from telomere attrition. When senescence induction is based on DNA damage, senescent cells display a unique phenotype, which has been termed "senescence-associated secretory phenotype" (SASP). SASP may be an important driver of chronic inflammation and therefore may be part of a vicious cycle of inflammation, DNA damage, and senescence. This research perspective aims to showcase cellular senescence with relevance to COPD and the striking similarities between the mediators and secretory phenotype in COPD and SASP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar
- 1 Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany; and
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Abstract
Ageing is associated with a progressive degeneration of the tissues, which has a negative impact on the structure and function of vital organs and is among the most important known risk factors for most chronic diseases. Since the proportion of the world's population aged >60 years will double in the next four decades, this will be accompanied by an increased incidence of chronic age-related diseases that will place a huge burden on healthcare resources. There is increasing evidence that many chronic inflammatory diseases represent an acceleration of the ageing process. Chronic pulmonary diseases represents an important component of the increasingly prevalent multiple chronic debilitating diseases, which are a major cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly in the elderly. The lungs age and it has been suggested that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a condition of accelerated lung ageing and that ageing may provide a mechanistic link between COPD and many of its extrapulmonary effects and comorbidities. In this article we will describe the physiological changes and mechanisms of ageing, with particular focus on the pulmonary effects of ageing and how these may be relevant to the development of COPD and its major extrapulmonary manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- William MacNee
- ELEGI Colt Research Laboratories, MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Roberto A Rabinovich
- ELEGI Colt Research Laboratories, MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Gourab Choudhury
- ELEGI Colt Research Laboratories, MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Zidan M, Gharraf H, Hassan E. Facial wrinkling: A possible mirror of COPD severity..... EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF CHEST DISEASES AND TUBERCULOSIS 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcdt.2014.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Chang KH, Chang MY, Muo CH, Wu TN, Chen CY, Kao CH. Increased risk of dementia in patients exposed to nitrogen dioxide and carbon monoxide: a population-based retrospective cohort study. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103078. [PMID: 25115939 PMCID: PMC4130523 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The air pollution caused by vehicular emissions is associated with cognitive decline. However, the associations between the levels of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and carbon monoxide (CO) exposure and dementia remain poorly defined and have been addressed in only a few previous studies. Materials and Methods In this study, we obtained data on 29547 people from the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) of Taiwan, including data on 1720 patients diagnosed with dementia between 2000 and 2010, and we evaluated the risk of dementia among four levels of air pollutant. Detailed data on daily air pollution were available from January 1, 1998 to December 31, 2010. Yearly average concentrations of pollutants were calculated from the baseline to the date of dementia occurrence, withdrawal of patients, or the end of the study, and these data were categorized into quartiles, with Q1 being the lowest level and Q4 being the highest. Results In the case of NO2, the adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) of dementia for all participants in Q2, Q3, and Q4 compared to Q1 were 1.10 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.96–1.26), 1.01 (95% CI, 0.87–1.17), and 1.54 (95% CI, 1.34–1.77), and in the case of CO, the adjusted HRs were 1.07 (95% CI, 0.92–1.25), 1.37 (95% CI, 1.19–1.58), and 1.61 (95% CI, 1.39–1.85). Conclusion The results of this large retrospective, population-based study indicate that exposure to NO2 and CO is associated with an increased risk of dementia in the Taiwanese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuang-Hsi Chang
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Yin Chang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Muo
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Trong-Neng Wu
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Ying Chen
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Kao
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taiwan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Longer telomere length in COPD patients with α1-antitrypsin deficiency independent of lung function. PLoS One 2014; 9:e95600. [PMID: 24763308 PMCID: PMC3998943 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of airway obstruction in α1-antitrypsin deficient patients. This may result in a shortening of telomere length, resulting in cellular senescence. To test whether telomere length differs in α1-antitrypsin deficient patients compared with controls, we measured telomere length in DNA from peripheral blood cells of 217 α1-antitrypsin deficient patients and 217 control COPD patients. We also tested for differences in telomere length between DNA from blood and DNA from lung tissue in a subset of 51 controls. We found that telomere length in the blood was significantly longer in α1-antitrypsin deficient COPD patients compared with control COPD patients (p = 1×10−29). Telomere length was not related to lung function in α1-antitrypsin deficient patients (p = 0.3122) or in COPD controls (p = 0.1430). Although mean telomere length was significantly shorter in the blood when compared with the lungs (p = 0.0078), telomere length was correlated between the two tissue types (p = 0.0122). Our results indicate that telomere length is better preserved in α1-antitrypsin deficient COPD patients than in non-deficient patients. In addition, measurement of telomere length in the blood may be a suitable surrogate for measurement in the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Morse
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115;
| | - Ivan O. Rosas
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115;
- Pulmonary Fibrosis Program, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87108
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EGFR mutational status in a large series of Caucasian European NSCLC patients: data from daily practice. Br J Cancer 2013; 109:1821-8. [PMID: 24002608 PMCID: PMC3790166 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Revised: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 08/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The prognosis of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is still poor. Activating epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations are important genetic alterations with dramatic therapeutical implications. Up to now, in contrast to Asian populations only limited data on the prevalence of those mutations are available from patients with Caucasian and especially European ethnicity. Methods: In this multicentre study, 1201 unselected NSCLC patients from Southern Germany were tested in the daily clinical routine for EGFR mutation status. Results: Activating EGFR mutations were found in 9.8% of all tumours. Mutations in exons 18, 19 and 21 accounted for 4.2%, 61.9% and 33.1% of all mutations, respectively. Non-smokers had a significantly higher rate of EGFR mutations than smokers or ex-smokers (24.4% vs 4.2% P<0.001). Non-lepidic-non-mucinous adenocarcinomas (G2) accounted for 45.5% of all activating EGFR mutations and 3.5% of all squamous cell carcinomas were tested positive. Thyroid transcription factor 1 protein expression was significantly associated with EGFR mutational status. Conclusion: These comprehensive data from clinical routine in Germany add to the knowledge of clinical and histopathological factors associated with EGFR mutational status in NSCLC.
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Abstract
It is now well established that cardiovascular disease contributes significantly to both morbidity and mortality in COPD. Shared risk factors for cardiovascular disease and COPD, such as smoking, low socioeconomic class, and a sedentary lifestyle contribute to the natural history of each of these conditions. However, it is now apparent that alternative, novel mechanisms are involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease, and these may play an important role in driving the increased cardiovascular risk associated with COPD. In this article, we discuss the potential mechanisms that link COPD to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - William MacNee
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, The Edinburgh University, Edinburgh, Scotland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Chauhan
- Department of Medicine, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, Tanda, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India. E-mail:
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Waaijer MEC, Gunn DA, Catt SD, van Ginkel M, de Craen AJM, Hudson NM, van Heemst D, Slagboom PE, Westendorp RGJ, Maier AB. Morphometric skin characteristics dependent on chronological and biological age: the Leiden Longevity Study. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2012; 34:1543-1552. [PMID: 21909657 PMCID: PMC3528376 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-011-9314-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2011] [Accepted: 08/25/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The effect of chronological age on skin characteristics is readily visible, and its underlying histological changes have been a field of study for several years. However, the effect of biological age (i.e. a person's rate of ageing compared to their chronological age) on the skin has so far only been studied in facial photographs. Skin biopsies obtained from middle-aged offspring of nonagenarian siblings that are genetically enriched for longevity were compared to their partners who represent the general Dutch population. Though of the same chronological age, the offspring were previously observed to be of a younger biological age than their partners. The biopsies were analysed on several aspects epidermal and elastic fibre morphology. We investigated whether these skin characteristics were dependent on chronological age, familial longevity (the difference between the offspring and partners) and Framingham heart risk scores, adjusted for external stressors. A decreased thickness and flattening of the epidermis as well as an increased amount of elastic fibres in the reticular dermis were observed with chronological age (P < 0.001, P < 0.001 and P = 0.03, respectively), but no effect of familial longevity was found. The Framingham heart risk score was associated with some skin characteristics. A slower rate of skin ageing does not mark offspring from nonagenarian siblings. Epidermal and elastic fibre morphometric characteristics are not a potential marker for familial longevity in middle-aged subjects enriched for familial longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariette E. C. Waaijer
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - David A. Gunn
- Unilever, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire UK
| | - Sharon D. Catt
- Unilever, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire UK
| | | | - Anton J. M. de Craen
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Diana van Heemst
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - P. Eline Slagboom
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rudi G. J. Westendorp
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea B. Maier
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
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Ito K, Colley T, Mercado N. Geroprotectors as a novel therapeutic strategy for COPD, an accelerating aging disease. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2012; 7:641-52. [PMID: 23055713 PMCID: PMC3459652 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s28250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) progresses very slowly and the majority of patients are therefore elderly. COPD is characterized by an abnormal persistent inflammatory response to noxious environmental stimuli and there are increasing evidences for a close relationship between premature aging and chronic inflammatory diseases. Thus, COPD is considered to be a disease of an accelerating aging. In this review, we collected the evidence for roles of aging on pathogenesis of COPD and considered future therapeutic strategy for COPD based on this senescence hypothesis. Since calorie restriction has been proved to extend lifespan, many efforts were made to clarify the molecular mechanism of aging. Aging is defined as the progressive decline of homeostasis that occurs after the reproductive phase of life is complete, leading to an increasing risk of disease or death due to impaired DNA repair after damage by oxidative stress or telomere shortening as a result of repeated cell division. During aging, pulmonary function progressively deteriorates; innate immunity is impaired and pulmonary inflammation increases, accompanied by structural changes, such as an enlargement of airspaces. Noxious environmental gases, such as cigarette smoke, may worsen these aging-related events in the lung or accelerate aging of the lung due to reduction in anti-aging molecules and/or stimulation of aging molecules. Aging signaling are complex but conserved in divert species, such as worm, fruit fry, rodent and humans. Especially the insulin like growth factor (IGF-1) signaling was well documented. Geroprotectors are therapeutics that affect the root cause of aging and age-related diseases, and thus prolong the life-span of animals. Most of geroprotectors such as melatonin, metformin, rapamycin and resveratrol are anti-oxidant or anti-aging molecule regulators. Therefore, geroprotection for the lung might be an attractive approach for the treatment of COPD by preventing premature aging of lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Ito
- Airways Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
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Shi Y, Cao J, Gao J, Zheng L, Goodwin A, An CH, Patel A, Lee JS, Duncan SR, Kaminski N, Pandit KV, Rosas IO, Choi AMK, Morse D. Retinoic acid-related orphan receptor-α is induced in the setting of DNA damage and promotes pulmonary emphysema. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2012; 186:412-9. [PMID: 22744720 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201111-2023oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE The discovery that retinoic acid-related orphan receptor (Rora)-α is highly expressed in lungs of patients with COPD led us to hypothesize that Rora may contribute to the pathogenesis of emphysema. OBJECTIVES To determine the role of Rora in smoke-induced emphysema. METHODS Cigarette smoke extract in vitro and elastase or cigarette smoke exposure in vivo were used to model smoke-related cell stress and airspace enlargement. Lung tissue from patients undergoing lung transplantation was examined for markers of DNA damage and Rora expression. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Rora expression was induced by cigarette smoke in mice and in cell culture. Gene expression profiling of Rora-null mice exposed to cigarette smoke demonstrated enrichment for genes involved in DNA repair. Rora expression increased and Rora translocated to the nucleus after DNA damage. Inhibition of ataxia telangiectasia mutated decreased the induction of Rora. Gene silencing of Rora attenuated apoptotic cell death in response to cigarette smoke extract, whereas overexpression of Rora enhanced apoptosis. Rora-deficient mice were protected from elastase and cigarette smoke induced airspace enlargement. Finally, lungs of patients with COPD showed evidence of increased DNA damage even in the absence of active smoking. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these findings suggest that DNA damage may contribute to the pathogenesis of emphysema, and that Rora has a previously unrecognized role in cellular responses to genotoxicity. These findings provide a potential link between emphysema and features of premature ageing, including enhanced susceptibility to lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Shi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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BPCO : une maladie associée à une inflammation systémique. Rev Mal Respir 2012; 29:537-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2012.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2010] [Accepted: 08/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Janner JH, McAllister DA, Godtfredsen NS, Prescott E, Vestbo J. Is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease associated with increased arterial stiffness? Respir Med 2012; 106:397-405. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2011.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2011] [Revised: 08/07/2011] [Accepted: 08/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Suppa M, Elliott F, Mikeljevic JS, Mukasa Y, Chan M, Leake S, Karpavicius B, Haynes S, Bakker E, Peris K, Barrett JH, Bishop DT, Newton Bishop JA. The determinants of periorbital skin ageing in participants of a melanoma case-control study in the U.K. Br J Dermatol 2012; 165:1011-21. [PMID: 21787368 PMCID: PMC3202027 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2011.10536.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin ageing is said to be caused by multiple factors. The relationship with sun exposure is of particular interest because the detrimental cutaneous effects of the sun may be a strong motivator to sun protection. We report a study of skin ageing in participants of an epidemiological study of melanoma. OBJECTIVES To determine the predictors of periorbital cutaneous ageing and whether it could be used as an objective marker of sun exposure. METHODS Photographs of the periorbital skin in 1341 participants were graded for wrinkles, degree of vascularity and blotchy pigmentation and the resultant data assessed in relation to reported sun exposure, sunscreen use, body mass index (BMI), smoking and the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) gene status. Data were analysed using proportional odds regression. RESULTS Wrinkling was associated with age and heavy smoking. Use of higher sun-protection factor sunscreen was protective (P = 0·01). Age, male sex, MC1R variants ('r', P=0·01; 'R', P=0·02), higher reported daily sun exposure (P=0·02), increased BMI (P=0·01) and smoking (P=0·02) were risk factors for hypervascularity. Blotchy pigmentation was associated with age, male sex, higher education and higher weekday sun exposure (P=0·03). More frequent sunscreen use (P=0·02) and MC1R variants ('r', P=0·03; 'R', P=0·001) were protective. CONCLUSIONS Periorbital wrinkling is a poor biomarker of reported sun exposure. Vascularity is a better biomarker as is blotchy pigmentation, the latter in darker-skinned individuals. In summary, male sex, sun exposure, smoking, obesity and MC1R variants were associated with measures of cutaneous ageing. Sunscreen use showed some evidence of being protective.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Suppa
- Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Leeds Cancer Research UK.
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Capitanio B, Sinagra JL, Ottaviani M, Bordignon V, Amantea A, Picardo M. Acne and smoking. DERMATO-ENDOCRINOLOGY 2011; 1:129-35. [PMID: 20436880 DOI: 10.4161/derm.1.3.9638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2009] [Accepted: 07/28/2009] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND.: Post-adolescent acne is an inflammatory disorder, whose cause is unknown. Contrasting data are available on correlation between acne and smoking habit. OBJECTIVES.: To verify the frequency of clinically non-inflammatory (atypical) post-adolescent acne (APAA) among women, a possible correlation with cigarette smoking, possible differences in sebum composition in a group of female smokers with acne compared to healthy smokers and non-smokers. METHOD AND RESULTS.: 1046 randomly selected women (25-50-years-old) participated at the study. In 60 selected female subjects we analyzed sebum composition for alpha-tocopherol, squalene and squalene monohydroperoxide. We found a high prevalence of APAA among women (74.6%), a strong correlation with smoking habit (p < 0.0001), as well as an increase in the grade of sebum peroxidation (p < 0.05) with a reduction in vitamin E (p = 0.02), in the subjects with acne compared to the controls. CONCLUSIONS.: Clinical evidence and experimental data showed a straight correlation between smoking habit and post-pubertal acne in which the clinically non-inflammatory type-APAA-is the most frequent. In the more severe cases we could consider APAA as a new entity (smoker's acne).
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Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has traditionally been considered a disease of the lungs secondary to cigarette smoking and characterized by airflow obstruction due to abnormalities of both airway (bronchitis) and lung parenchyma (emphysema). It is now well known that COPD is associated with significant systemic abnormalities, such as renal and hormonal abnormalities, malnutrition, muscle wasting, osteoporosis, and anemia. However, it is still unclear whether they represent consequences of the pulmonary disorder, or whether COPD should be considered as a systemic disease. These systemic abnormalities have been attributed to an increased level of systemic inflammation. Chronic inflammation, however, may not be the only cause of the systemic effects of COPD. Recent data from humans and animal models support the view that emphysema may be a vascular disease. Other studies have highlighted the role of repair failure, bone marrow abnormality, genetic and epigenetic factors, immunological disorders and infections as potential causes of COPD systemic manifestations. Based on this new evidence, it is reasonable to consider COPD, and emphysema in particular, as 'a disease with a significant systemic component' if not a 'systemic disease' per se. The aim of this review is to give an overview of the most relevant and innovative hypothesis about the extrapulmonary manifestations of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Huertas
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Shan M, Cheng HF, Song LZ, Roberts L, Green L, Hacken-Bitar J, Huh J, Bakaeen F, Coxson HO, Storness-Bliss C, Ramchandani M, Lee SH, Corry DB, Kheradmand F. Lung myeloid dendritic cells coordinately induce TH1 and TH17 responses in human emphysema. Sci Transl Med 2010; 1:4ra10. [PMID: 20368170 DOI: 10.1126/scitranlsmed.3000154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to tobacco smoke activates innate and adaptive immune responses that in long-term smokers have been linked to diseases of the lungs, cardiovascular system, joints, and other organs. The destruction of lung tissue that underlies smoking-induced emphysema has been associated with T helper 1 cells that recognize the matrix protein elastin. Factors that result in the development of such autoreactive T cells in smokers remain unknown but are crucial for further understanding the pathogenesis of systemic inflammatory diseases in smokers. Here, we show that lung myeloid dendritic cells were sufficient to induce T helper 1 and T helper 17 responses in CD4 T cells. T helper 1 and 17 cells are invariably present in lungs from patients with emphysema but not in lungs from normal individuals. Interleukin-17A, a canonical T helper 17 cytokine, enhanced secretion of CCL20, a chemoattractant for dendritic cells, and matrix metalloproteinase 12, a potent elastolytic proteinase, from lung macrophages. Thus, although diverse lung factors potentially contribute to T helper effector differentiation in vivo, lung myeloid dendritic cells direct the generation of pathogenic T cells and support a feedback mechanism that sustains both inflammatory cell recruitment and lung destruction. This mechanism may underlie disease in other elastin-rich organs and tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Shan
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Gladysheva ES, Malhotra A, Owens RL. Influencing the decline of lung function in COPD: use of pharmacotherapy. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2010; 5:153-64. [PMID: 20631815 PMCID: PMC2898088 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s4577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2010] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common and deadly disease. One of the hallmarks of COPD is an accelerated decline in lung function, as measured by spirometry. Inflammation, oxidative stress and other pathways are hypothesized to be important in this deterioration. Because progressive airflow obstruction is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality, a major goal of COPD treatment has been to slow or prevent the accelerated decline in lung function. Until recently, the only known effective intervention was smoking cessation. However, newly reported large clinical trials have shown that commonly used medications may help slow the rate of lung function decline. The effect of these medications is modest (and thus required such large, expensive trials) and to be of clinical benefit, therapy would likely need to start early in the course of disease and be prolonged. Such a treatment strategy aimed at preservation of lung function would need to be balanced against the side effects and costs of prolonged therapy. A variety of newer classes of medications may help target other pathophysiologically important pathways, and could be used in the future to prevent lung function decline in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina S Gladysheva
- Harvard Combined Pulmonary and Critical Care Fellowship, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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41
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Accelerated lung aging: a novel pathogenic mechanism of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Biochem Soc Trans 2009; 37:819-23. [PMID: 19614601 DOI: 10.1042/bst0370819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
An enhanced or abnormal inflammatory response to the lungs to inhaled particles and gases, usually from cigarette smoke, is considered to be a general pathogenic mechanism in COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease). Activation of leucocytes and the development of oxidant-antioxidant and protease-anti-protease imbalances are thought to be important aspects of this enhanced inflammatory response to cigarette smoke. The mechanisms involved in the perpetuation of the inflammatory response in the lungs in patients who develop COPD, even after smoking cessation, are not fully established and are key to our understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms in COPD and may be important for the development of new therapies. There is a relationship between chronic inflammatory diseases and aging, and the processes involved in aging may provide a novel mechanism in the pathogenesis of COPD. There is good evidence linking aging and COPD. During normal aging, pulmonary function deteriorates progressively and pulmonary inflammation increases, accompanied in the lungs by the features of emphysema. These features are accelerated in COPD. Emphysema is associated with markers of accelerated aging in the lungs, and COPD is also associated with features of accelerated aging in other organs, such as the cardiovascular and musculoskeletal systems. Cigarette smoke and other oxidative stresses result in cellular senescence and accelerate lung aging. There is also evidence that anti-aging molecules such as histone deacetylases and sirtuins are decreased in the lungs of COPD patients, compared with smokers without COPD, resulting in enhanced inflammation and further progression of COPD. The processes involved in accelerated aging may provide novel targets for therapy in COPD. The present article reviews the evidence for accelerated aging as a mechanism in the pathogenesis of COPD.
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Maclay JD, McAllister DA, Mills NL, Paterson FP, Ludlam CA, Drost EM, Newby DE, MacNee W. Vascular Dysfunction in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2009; 180:513-20. [DOI: 10.1164/rccm.200903-0414oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Nakamaru Y, Vuppusetty C, Wada H, Milne JC, Ito M, Rossios C, Elliot M, Hogg J, Kharitonov S, Goto H, Bemis JE, Elliott P, Barnes PJ, Ito K. A protein deacetylase SIRT1 is a negative regulator of metalloproteinase-9. FASEB J 2009; 23:2810-9. [PMID: 19376817 DOI: 10.1096/fj.08-125468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Inappropriate elevation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) is reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The object of this study was to identify the molecular mechanism underlying this increase of MMP9 expression, and here we show that oxidative stress-dependent reduction of a protein deacetylase, SIRT1, known as a putative antiaging enzyme, causes elevation of MMP9 expression. A sirtuin inhibitor, splitomycin, and SIRT1 knockdown by RNA interference led an increase in MMP9 expression in human monocytic U937 cells and in primary sputum macrophages, which was detected by RT-PCR, Western blot, activity assay, and zymography. In fact, the SIRT1 level was significantly decreased in peripheral lungs of patients with COPD, and this increase was inversely correlated with MMP9 expression and MMP9 promoter activation detected by a chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. H(2)O(2) reduced SIRT1 expression and activity in U937 cells; furthermore, cigarette smoke exposure also caused reduction of SIRT1 expression in lung tissue of A/J mice, with concomitant elevation of MMP9. Intranasal treatment of a selective and novel SIRT1 small molecule activator, SRT2172, blocked the increase of MMP9 expression in the lung as well as pulmonary neutrophilia and the reduction in exercise tolerance. Thus, SIRT1 is a negative regulator of MMP9 expression, and SIRT1 activation is implicated as a novel therapeutic approach to treating chronic inflammatory diseases, in which MMP9 is abundant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Nakamaru
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
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Ngan DA, Vickerman SV, Granville DJ, Man SFP, Sin DD. The possible role of granzyme B in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Ther Adv Respir Dis 2009; 3:113-29. [PMID: 19638369 DOI: 10.1177/1753465809341965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a highly prevalent inflammatory lung condition characterized by airways disease and emphysema, and the precise mechanism of pathogenesis is poorly understood. The consistent features of COPD include protease-antiprotease imbalance, inflammation and accelerated aging caused by apoptosis or senescence. One family of molecules involved in all of these processes is the granzymes, serine proteases with the best-known member being granzyme B (GzmB). The majority of GzmB is released unidirectionally towards target cells, but GzmB can also be released nonspecifically and escape into the extracellular environment. GzmB is capable of cleaving extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in vitro, and the accumulation of GzmB in the extracellular milieu during chronic inflammation in COPD could contribute to ECM degradation and remodelling and, consequently, the emphysematous phenotype in the lung. Preliminary studies suggest that increased GzmB expression is associated with increased COPD severity, and this may represent a promising new target for drug and biomarker discovery in COPD. In this paper, we review the potential pathogenic contributions of GzmB to the pathogenesis of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Ngan
- James Hogg Research Laboratories, Providence Heart + Lung Institute at St. Paul's Hospital and Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Translating the COPD transcriptome: insights into pathogenesis and tools for clinical management. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2009; 5:834-41. [PMID: 19017738 DOI: 10.1513/pats.200807-074th] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
While the role cigarette smoke plays in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is undisputed, the molecular mechanisms by which inhaled smoke contributes to disease pathogenesis remains unclear. One of the major barriers to effective approaches to diagnose and manage COPD is the remarkable heterogeneity displayed by patients with the disease. Whole-genome gene-expression studies of airway and lung tissue from patients with COPD provide an opportunity to gain insights into disease pathogenesis, allowing for both a molecular understanding of the pathogenic processes that contribute to this heterogeneity, and the ability to target therapies to these processes. This review focuses on synthesizing and integrating the limited numbers of high-throughput gene expression studies that have been conducted on lung tissue and airway samples from smokers with COPD. Comparing several lung tissue studies using computational approaches, we find that the results suggest fundamental similarities and identify common biological processes underlying COPD, despite each study having identified largely nonoverlapping lists of differentially expressed genes. Given these similarities, we argue that additional lung tissue and airway gene-expression studies are warranted, and present a roadmap for how such studies could lead to clinically relevant tools that would impact COPD management.
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Abstract
There is increasing evidence for a close relationship between aging and chronic inflammatory diseases. COPD is a chronic inflammatory disease of the lungs, which progresses very slowly and the majority of patients are therefore elderly. We here review the evidence that accelerating aging of lung in response to oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis and progression of COPD, particularly emphysema. Aging is defined as the progressive decline of homeostasis that occurs after the reproductive phase of life is complete, leading to an increasing risk of disease or death. This results from a failure of organs to repair DNA damage by oxidative stress (nonprogrammed aging) and from telomere shortening as a result of repeated cell division (programmed aging). During aging, pulmonary function progressively deteriorates and pulmonary inflammation increases, accompanied by structural changes, which are described as senile emphysema. Environmental gases, such as cigarette smoke or other pollutants, may accelerate the aging of lung or worsen aging-related events in lung by defective resolution of inflammation, for example, by reducing antiaging molecules, such as histone deacetylases and sirtuins, and this consequently induces accelerated progression of COPD. Recent studies of the signal transduction mechanisms, such as protein acetylation pathways involved in aging, have identified novel antiaging molecules that may provide a new therapeutic approach to COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Ito
- Airways Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, UK.
| | - Peter J Barnes
- Airways Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, UK
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Macnee W, Maclay J, McAllister D. Cardiovascular injury and repair in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN THORACIC SOCIETY 2008; 5:824-33. [PMID: 19017737 PMCID: PMC2643206 DOI: 10.1513/pats.200807-071th] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2008] [Accepted: 08/25/2008] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease represents a considerable burden in terms of both morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). For 20 years, forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV(1)) has been an established predictor of cardiovascular mortality among smokers, never-smokers, and patients with COPD. We review evidence for increased cardiovascular risk in COPD. In addition, we assess the emerging evidence which suggests that hypoxia, systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress in patients with COPD may cause cardiovascular disease. We also discuss alternative hypotheses that the endothelium and connective tissues in the arteries and lungs of patients with COPD and cardiovascular disease have a shared susceptibility to these factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Macnee
- ELEGI Colt Research Labs, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, Scotland, UK.
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Cho MH, Ciulla DM, Klanderman BJ, Hersh CP, Litonjua AA, Sparrow D, Raby BA, Silverman EK. Analysis of exonic elastin variants in severe, early-onset chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2008; 40:751-5. [PMID: 19029017 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2008-0340oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The destruction of elastic fibers has been implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Emphysema has been described in autosomal dominant cutis laxa, which can be caused by mutations in the elastin gene. Previously, a rare functional mutation in the terminal exon of elastin was found in a case of severe, early-onset COPD. To test the hypothesis that other similar elastin mutations may predispose to COPD, we screened 90 probands from the Boston Early-Onset COPD Study and 90 smoking control subjects from the Normative Aging Study for mutations in elastin exons using high-resolution DNA melt analysis followed by resequencing. Rare nonsynonymous single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) seen only in cases were examined for segregation with airflow obstruction within pedigrees. Common nonsynonymous SNPs were tested for association with COPD in a family-based analysis of 949 subjects from the Boston Early-Onset COPD Study, and in a case-control analysis in 389 COPD cases from the National Emphysema Treatment Trial and 472 control subjects from the Normative Aging Study. Of 28 elastin variants found, 3 were nonsynonymous SNPs found only in cases. The previously described Gly773Asp mutation was found in another proband. The other two SNPs did not clearly segregate with COPD within families. Two common nonsynonymous SNPs did not demonstrate significant associations in either a family-based or case-control analysis. Exonic SNPs in the elastin gene do not appear to be common risk factors for severe COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael H Cho
- Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
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49
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Abstract
Clinical asthma is very widely assumed to be the net result of excessive inflammation driven by aberrant T-helper-2 (Th2) immunity that leads to inflamed, remodelled airways and then functional derangement that, in turn, causes symptoms. This notion of disease is actually poorly supported by data, and there are substantial discrepancies and very poor correlation between inflammation, damage, functional impairment, and degree of symptoms. Furthermore, this problem is compounded by the poor understanding of the heterogeneity of clinical disease. Failure to recognise and discover the underlying mechanisms of these major variants or endotypes of asthma is, arguably, the major intellectual limitation to progress at present. Fortunately, both clinical research and animal models are very well suited to dissecting the cellular and molecular basis of disease endotypes. This approach is already suggesting entirely novel pathways to disease-eg, alternative macrophage specification, steroid refractory innate immunity, the interleukin-17-regulatory T-cell axis, epidermal growth factor receptor co-amplification, and Th2-mimicking but non-T-cell, interleukins 18 and 33 dependent processes that can offer unexpected therapeutic opportunities for specific patient endotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary P Anderson
- Lung Disease Research Group, Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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PARK BYUNGHYUN, LEE SIK, PARK JINWOO, KIM KYUNGAH, KIM HANUK, LEE JUHYUNG, KOH DAIHA, YOUM JUNGHO, YOO NINA, PARK SUEKYUNG, KWON KEUNSANG. Facial wrinkles as a predictor of decreased renal function. Nephrology (Carlton) 2008; 13:522-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1797.2008.00977.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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