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Vidovszky MZ, Böszörményi KP, Surján A, Varga T, Dán Á, Benkő M, Harrach B. First DNA sequence proof for the occurrence of bovine adenovirus types 10 and 11 in continental Europe. Transbound Emerg Dis 2022; 69:e3479-e3486. [PMID: 36315348 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Bovine adenoviruses (BAdV) are known to cause respiratory and/or intestinal disease in calves. Infection can manifest as acute outbreaks, but more often only sporadic cases occur. Here we describe the PCR detection and partial sequence characterization of several BAdVs found in sick or dead calves on different farms in Western Hungary. Intermittent diarrhoeal illnesses occurred after weaning among calves on several farms located up to 40 km apart. A high-sensitivity, broad-spectrum nested PCR, developed for the general detection of adenoviruses, gave positive results in four independent cases. Direct sequencing of PCR products showed clear results from only two samples, whereas sequences from the other two amplicons were mixed. Molecular cloning of these heterogeneous PCR products was performed to separate each DNA fragment therein. By sequencing several plasmid clones from both mixed samples, we were able to detect the simultaneous presence of two different BAdV types, namely types 6 and 10 classified into two separate (Atadenovirus and Mastadenovirus) genera. The sequence of one homogenous sample was identified as being derived also from BAdV-10, whereas the other sample contained a novel type, proposed to be BAdV-11. We demonstrated, for the very first time, the occurrence of the two latter virus types in continental Europe. Their appearance in Hungary marks a significant shift in the types of BAdVs actually circulating in the country. Considering the similarity of the pathological findings to those, attributed to BAdV-10 infections reported to date, the causative role of the viruses in these cases seems to be plausible. Phylogeny reconstruction further confirmed that BAdVs represent multiple genetic lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márton Z Vidovszky
- Molecular and Comparative Virology, Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kinga P Böszörményi
- Molecular and Comparative Virology, Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Virology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre (BPRC), Rijswijk, The Netherlands
| | - András Surján
- Molecular and Comparative Virology, Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Ádám Dán
- Veterinary Diagnostic Directorate, National Food Chain Safety Office, Budapest, Hungary.,DaNAm.Vet.Molbiol, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mária Benkő
- Molecular and Comparative Virology, Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balázs Harrach
- Molecular and Comparative Virology, Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary
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Kooshkaki O, Asghari A, Mahdavi R, Azarkar G, Parsamanesh N. Potential of MicroRNAs As Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Respiratory Viruses: A Literature Review. DNA Cell Biol 2022; 41:544-563. [PMID: 35699380 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2021.1101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression through recognition of cognate sequences and interference of transcriptional, translational, or epigenetic processes. Hundreds of miRNA genes have been found in diverse viruses, and many of these are phylogenetically conserved. Respiratory viruses are the most frequent causative agents of disease in humans, with a significant impact on morbidity and mortality worldwide. Recently, the role of miRNAs in respiratory viral gene regulation, as well as host gene regulation during disease progression, has become a field of interest. This review highlighted the importance of various miRNAs and their potential role in fighting with respiratory viruses as therapeutic molecules with a focus on COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Kooshkaki
- Department of Hematology, Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Arghavan Asghari
- Department of Hematology, Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.,Department of Hematology, Infectious Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Reza Mahdavi
- Department of Hematology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ghodsiyeh Azarkar
- Department of Hematology, Infectious Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Negin Parsamanesh
- Department of Hematology, Zanjan Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Science, Zanjan, Iran
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Paim WP, Bauermann FV, Kutish GF, Pillatzki A, Long C, Ohnstad M, Diel DG. Identification and genetic characterization of an isolate of bovine adenovirus 7 from the United States, a putative member of a new species in the genus Atadenovirus. Arch Virol 2021; 166:2835-2839. [PMID: 34319454 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-021-05184-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The bovine adenovirus 7 (BAdV-7) isolate SD18-74 was recovered from lung tissue of calves in South Dakota. The 30,043-nucleotide (nt) genome has the typical organization of Atadenovirus genus members. The sequence shares over 99% nt sequence identity with two Japanese BAdV-7 sequences, followed by 74.9% nt sequence identity with the ovine adenovirus 7 strain OAV287, a member of the species Ovine atadenovirus D. SD18-74 was amplified in both bovine and ovine primary nasal turbinate cells, demonstrating greater fitness in bovine cells. The genomic and biological characteristics of BAdV-7 SD18-74 support the inclusion of the members of the BAdV-7 group in a new species in the genus Atadenovirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willian P Paim
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Oklahoma State University, 250 McElroy Hall, Stillwater, OK, 74074, USA
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernando V Bauermann
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Oklahoma State University, 250 McElroy Hall, Stillwater, OK, 74074, USA.
- Animal Disease Research and Diagnostic Laboratory (ADRDL), Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA.
| | - Gerald F Kutish
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Angela Pillatzki
- Animal Disease Research and Diagnostic Laboratory (ADRDL), Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
| | - Craig Long
- Animal Disease Research and Diagnostic Laboratory (ADRDL), Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
| | - Martha Ohnstad
- Animal Disease Research and Diagnostic Laboratory (ADRDL), Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
| | - Diego G Diel
- Animal Disease Research and Diagnostic Laboratory (ADRDL), Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA.
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Health Diagnostic Center, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
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Vaatstra BL, Tisdall DJ, Blackwood M, Fairley RA. Clinicopathological features of 11 suspected outbreaks of bovine adenovirus infection and development of a real-time quantitative PCR to detect bovine adenovirus type 10. N Z Vet J 2016; 64:308-13. [PMID: 27277320 DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2016.1198280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
CASE HISTORY A retrospective study was conducted to investigate 11 outbreaks of presumptive fatal adenovirus infection diagnosed through two New Zealand diagnostic laboratories during 2014 and 2015. Outbreaks occurred in 6-12-month-old Friesian or Friesian cross cattle during autumn, winter and spring. Individual outbreaks were short in duration, with mortality rates ranging from 3/250 to 20/600 (1.2 to 3.3%). CLINICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS Clinical signs included severe diarrhoea, depression, recumbency, and death. Post-mortem examination revealed congestion and oedema of the alimentary tract and fluid to haemorrhagic intestinal contents. Histopathological lesions were characterised by congestion and haemorrhage of the alimentary tract mucosa, oedema of the submucosa, and mild interstitial inflammation in the kidneys. Large basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies were identified in vascular endothelial cells of the alimentary tract in 11/11 cases and of the kidney in 8/9 cases. MOLECULAR TESTING A real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay was designed to detect bovine adenovirus type 10 (BAdV-10) using hexon gene sequences available in GenBank. DNA extracted from a field case and confirmed by sequencing was used as a positive control. The qPCR had a reaction efficiency of 101% (R(2)=0.99) and the limit of detection was <10 DNA copies/reaction. The qPCR detected BAdV-10 in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue from 10/11 cases. DNA sequencing of PCR products from nine of these cases showed them to be identical to BAdV-10 sequences in GenBank. For the PCR-negative case, the PCR product had a hexon sequence 99% similar to bovine adenovirus Wic isolate Ma20-1, a close relative of BadV-10. DIAGNOSIS Bovine adenovirus type 10 was identified in FFPE tissues from cattle with histopathological evidence of adenovirus infection. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Bovine adenoviruses, and especially BAdV-10, should be considered in the differential diagnosis for acute enteric disease and death in young cattle. The qPCR detected BAdV-10 from FFPE tissue of cattle with suspected adenoviral infection diagnosed by histopathology. However results should be interpreted in light of clinical and pathological findings due to the possibility of adenovirus shedding by healthy cattle and the presence of pathogenic adenoviruses other than BAdV-10.
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Affiliation(s)
- B L Vaatstra
- a Gribbles Veterinary , PO Box 356, Palmerston North 4440 , New Zealand
| | - D J Tisdall
- b Gribbles Veterinary , PO Box 371, Dunedin 9053 , New Zealand
| | - M Blackwood
- a Gribbles Veterinary , PO Box 356, Palmerston North 4440 , New Zealand
| | - R A Fairley
- c Gribbles Veterinary , PO Box 3866, Christchurch 8140 , New Zealand
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Detection of known and novel adenoviruses in cattle wastes via broad-spectrum primers. Appl Environ Microbiol 2011; 77:5001-8. [PMID: 21622778 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00625-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The critical assessment of bovine adenoviruses (BAdV) as indicators of environmental fecal contamination requires improved knowledge of their prevalence, shedding dynamics, and genetic diversity. We examined DNA extracted from bovine and other animal waste samples collected in Wisconsin for atadenoviruses and mastadenoviruses using novel, broad-spectrum PCR primer sets. BAdV were detected in 13% of cattle fecal samples, 90% of cattle urine samples, and 100% of cattle manure samples; 44 percent of BAdV-positive samples contained both Atadenovirus and Mastadenovirus DNA. Additionally, BAdV were detected in soil, runoff water from a cattle feedlot, and residential well water. Overall, we detected 8 of 11 prototype BAdV, plus bovine, rabbit, and porcine mastadenoviruses that diverged significantly from previously reported genotypes. The prevalence of BAdV shedding by cattle supports targeting AdV broadly as indicators of the presence of fecal contamination in aqueous environments. Conversely, several factors complicate the use of AdV for fecal source attribution. Animal AdV infecting a given livestock host were not monophyletic, recombination among livestock mastadenoviruses was detected, and the genetic diversity of animal AdV is still underreported. These caveats highlight the need for continuing genetic surveillance for animal AdV and for supporting data when BAdV detection is invoked for fecal source attribution in environmental samples. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report natural BAdV excretion in urine, BAdV detection in groundwater, and recombination in AdV of livestock origin.
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