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Estrázulas JA, Pereira Dos Santos F, Taborda Machado AJ, Legnani E, Bertuzzi R, Lima-Silva AE. Effects of Acute Ingestion of Guarana ( Paullinia Cupana) on Soccer Player Performance: A Randomized, Cross-over, Placebo-Controlled Study. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN NUTRITION ASSOCIATION 2024:1-7. [PMID: 38958672 DOI: 10.1080/27697061.2024.2373189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the acute effects of ingesting a beverage containing guarana (Paullinia cupana) seed powder on performance during field tests related to physical capacities that are determinants of soccer performance, such as lower limb power, sprint, agility, and the capacity to carry out intermittent exercise. METHODS The study was conducted using a randomized, crossover, and counterbalanced design, with a beverage containing guarana or placebo administered in a double-blind manner. Twenty-seven under-17 soccer players of a professional soccer club performed a battery of tests 60 min after the ingestion of guarana (3 g of the fruit seed powder) or placebo. Trials were performed with a 7-day washout period. The battery of tests included a countermovement jump test, sprints of 10 and 20 m, an Illinois agility test, and a Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test level 1 (YYIR1). RESULTS Guarana ingestion did not improve countermovement jump, sprints, or agility (p > 0.05). However, guarana ingestion increased the distance covered in the YYIR1, compared with placebo ingestion (p = 0.01). CONCLUSION Acute ingestion of guarana improves the capacity to perform intermittent exercise in soccer players but seems to be ineffective to improve lower limb power, sprint, and agility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaisson Agne Estrázulas
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Human Performance Research Group, Federal University of Technology-Paraná (UTFPR), Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Julia Taborda Machado
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Elto Legnani
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Technology, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Romulo Bertuzzi
- Endurance Performance Research Group (GEDAE-USP), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Wang B, Wan B, Chen S, Zhang Y, Bai X, Xiao W, Tang C, Long B. A Systematic review of the factors that affect soccer players' short-passing ability-based on the Loughborough Soccer Passing Test. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2024; 16:96. [PMID: 38671510 PMCID: PMC11055388 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-024-00880-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study synthesizes evidence from the Loughborough Passing Test to evaluate the short-passing ability of soccer players and summarizes the reported variables that affect this ability to provide support for the development and improvement of short-passing abilities in soccer players. METHODS In this systematic review using the PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive search was conducted in Web of Science, PubMed, and EBSCOhost from inception to July 2023 to identify relevant articles from the accessible literature. Only studies that used the Loughborough test to assess athletes' short-passing ability were included. The quality of the included studies was independently assessed by two reviewers using the PEDro scale, and two authors independently completed the data extraction. RESULTS Based on the type of intervention or influencing factor, ten studies investigated training, nine studies investigated fatigue, nine studies investigated supplement intake, and five studies investigated other factors. CONCLUSION Evidence indicates that fitness training, small-sided games training, and warm-up training have positive effects on athletes' short-passing ability, high-intensity special-position training and water intake have no discernible impact, mental and muscular exhaustion have a significantly negative effect, and the effect of nutritional ergogenic aid intake is not yet clear. Future research should examine more elements that can affect soccer players' short-passing ability. TRIAL REGISTRATION https://inplasy.com/ ., identifier: INPLASY20237.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bihan Wang
- College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410006, China
| | - Bin Wan
- College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410006, China
| | - Shu Chen
- College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410006, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410006, China
| | - Xiaorong Bai
- School of Physical Education, Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, China
| | - Wensheng Xiao
- School of Physical Education, Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, China.
| | - Changfa Tang
- College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410006, China.
| | - Bo Long
- College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410006, China.
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Hayat Z, Sharma S, Minhaj T. Efficacy of caffeine on athletic performance: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Sports 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2021.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Does caffeine ingestion affect the lower-body post-activation performance enhancement in female volleyball players? BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2022; 14:93. [PMID: 35614511 PMCID: PMC9131637 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-022-00488-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) is a physiological phenomenon that acutely improves voluntary muscular performance following a conditioning activity. A large and growing body of literature has investigated different strategies to induce a PAPE stimulus; however, little attention has been given to whether acute caffeine ingestion could augment the effect of PAPE on subsequent performance. This study evaluated the acute effects of caffeine ingestion and back squat conditioning activity on subsequent countermovement jump (CMJ) performance in female semi-professional volleyball players. Methods Fourteen resistance-trained female volleyball players (26 ± 3 years) performed 3 different testing conditions in randomized order: where each ingested 6 mg/kg of caffeine (CAF) or placebo (PLAC) and performed a single set of back squats at 80%1RM until mean movement velocity dropped by 10% as the conditioning activity or a control (CTRL) condition where participants did not ingest any supplement and did not perform the conditioning activity. CMJ height was examined at baseline and in 2 min intervals until 10 min postconditioning activity. Furthermore, due to the wide inter-individual variation in optimal recovery time of PAPE response, the baseline and best post-conditioning activity performance were also analyzed. Results The Friedman test revealed a significant difference in jump height within CTRL (p = 0.002) and CAF (p = 0.001) conditions, but no significant difference was found within the PAP condition. The post hoc showed a significant decrease in jump height in 8th min in CTRL condition (p = 0.022, effect size [ES] = −0.31), a significant increase in jump height in 2nd min in CAF condition (p = 0.013, ES = 0.3), without differences in PLAC condition in comparison to baseline values. Moreover, a significant jump height increases from baseline to best performance post conditioning activity value for CAF (p = 0.001, ES = 0.39) and PLAC (p = 0.001, ES = 0.3) condition, but no significant difference was found for the CTRL condition. Conclusions The single set of heavy-loaded back squats with controlled velocity used as a conditioning activity in the current study enhanced subsequent CMJ performance in female volleyball players with no additional effect of caffeine.
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Ferreira RES, Pacheco RL, de Oliveira Cruz Latorraca C, Riera R, Eid RG, Martimbianco ALC. Effects of Caffeine Supplementation on Physical Performance of Soccer Players: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sports Health 2021; 13:347-358. [PMID: 33666113 PMCID: PMC8645316 DOI: 10.1177/1941738121998712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Caffeine is 1 of the most popular supplements consumed by athletes, and the evidence for improving soccer performance remains limited. OBJECTIVE To investigate and update the effects (benefits and harms) of caffeine to improve performance on soccer players. DATA SOURCES Electronic search in Medline (via PubMed), CENTRAL, Embase, SPORTDiscus, and LILACS, from inception to March 28, 2020. STUDY SELECTION Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) assessing the effects of caffeine on the performance of soccer players. STUDY DESIGN Systematic review with meta-analysis. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 1. DATA EXTRACTION Data extraction was conducted independently by 2 authors using a piloted form. We assessed methodological quality (Cochrane risk-of-bias [RoB] table) and the certainty of the evidence (GRADE [Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation] approach). RESULTS Sixteen RCTs were included. Overall methodological quality was classified as unclear to low risk of bias. When assessing aerobic endurance, meta-analyses did not demonstrate the differences between caffeine and placebo (mean difference [MD], 44.9 m; 95% confidence interval [CI], -77.7 to 167.6). Similarly, no difference was observed during time to fatigue test (MD, 169.8 seconds; 95% CI, -71.8 to 411.6). Considering anaerobic power, meta-analyses also did not find differences for vertical jump (MD, 1.01 cm; 95% CI, -0.68 to 2.69) and repeated sprint tests (MD, -0.02 seconds; 95% CI, -0.09 to 0.04), as well as reaction time agility test (MD, 0.02 seconds; 95% CI, -0.01 to 0.04) and rating of perceived exertion (MD, 0.16 points; 95% CI, -0.55 to 0.87). Regarding safety, a few minor adverse events were reported. Based on the GRADE approach, the certainty of this evidence was classified as very low to low. CONCLUSION We found no significant improvement in soccer-related performance with caffeine compared with placebo or no intervention. However, caffeine appears to be safe.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rafael Leite Pacheco
- Centro Universitário São Camilo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Rachel Riera
- Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Centre of Health Technology Assessment, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Bezerra GJDS, Gomes EDS, Correia-Oliveira CR. Caffeine Ingestion Affects Performance in Different Parts of a Novel Multidirectional High-Intensity Intermittent Exercise in Futsal Athletes. J Am Coll Nutr 2021; 41:149-156. [PMID: 33497293 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2020.1852450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Objective: No study has analyzed the effects of caffeine ingestion on performance during a multidirectional high-intensity intermittent exercise. Thus, we aimed to investigate the effects of caffeine ingestion during a novel repeated agility test in futsal athletes.Methods: Using a double-blind, counterbalanced, and repeated-measures design, ten athletes (mass 71.2 ± 8.7 kg, height 1.77 ± 0.05 m, body mass index 22.7 ± 1.9 km/m2, body fat percentage 10.2 ± 3.7%) performed a novel repeated-bout agility test 60 min after ingesting 6 mg · kg-1 of caffeine or cellulose (placebo).Results: Performance time decreased progressively throughout the trial in both conditions (P = 0.01; ηp2 = 0.66), with a significant interaction effect (P = 0.01; ηp2 = 0.35) showing a potential beneficial effect of caffeine at the beginning, followed by a decrease at the end of the test. Furthermore, magnitude of decrease in performance was more pronounced in caffeine (-9.0 ± 5.7%) compared with placebo (-4.7 ± 3.9%, P = 0.01; d = 0.88). Interestingly, magnitude-based inferences revealed a possible benefit (70%) of caffeine at the beginning, followed by likely (93%) to very likely (96%) impairments in performance during the last third of the test. Heart rate and rating of perceived effort increased in both conditions over the time (P < 0.05), with similar values between experimental conditions (P > 0.05).Conclusion: Caffeine seems to have a potential beneficial effect at the beginning, with an impaired performance during the final third of a new multidirectional high-intensity intermittent exercise in futsal athletes.
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Sustained Passing Performance of Elite and Subelite Female Soccer Players Following a Female Match-Specific Exercise Protocol. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2021; 16:504-510. [PMID: 33401244 DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2020-0082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study examined the maintenance of passing performance following soccer-specific high-intensity intermittent exercise in elite (n = 9) and subelite (n = 11) Western Australian female soccer players (19.5 [2.5] y). METHODS A total of 20 participants completed the Loughborough Soccer Passing Test (LSPT) prior to, during, and following 90 minutes of a modified, female-specific, individualized exercise protocol (Loughborough Intermittent Shuttle Test [LIST]) to simulate 2 halves of a soccer match. Performance in the LSPT was calculated by adding "raw time" to the accumulated "penalty time" for each test. RESULTS Elite players recorded greater distances (t58 = 4.671, P < .001, effect size [ES] = 1.21) and higher derived VO2max values (t58 = 4.715, P < .001, ES = 1.20) for the LIST exercise protocol over the subelite players. The total performance times for each LSPT were longer in the subelites in comparison with the elites, with a very large ES difference seen in post-LIST1 (t18 = -6.64, P < .001, ES = 2.99) and post-LIST2 (t18 = -9.143, P < .001, ES = 4.12). No between-groups differences were identified for "raw time" at any time point. Hence, all reported LSPT performance differences are attributed to "penalty time." CONCLUSION These data suggest that elite players can sustain their passing performance more efficiently throughout match play that can subelite female soccer players. These findings may contribute to future talent-identification testing by helping to distinguish between elite- and subelite-level players through sustained passing performance. Coaches may also use this information to better inform best-practice training methods through modification of male soccer-specific high-intensity intermittent exercise to a female cohort.
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The Effect of Acute Caffeine Ingestion on Cognitive Dual Task Performance during Assessment of Static and Dynamic Balance in Older Adults. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12123653. [PMID: 33261032 PMCID: PMC7760187 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The present work aimed to evaluate the effect of 3 mg·kg−1 caffeine consumption on the standing and dynamic balance performance of older adults and sought to establish if caffeine ingestion can modulate the influence of a cognitive dual task on balance performance. Twelve apparently healthy participants (8 females) aged >65 years (72 ± 3.7 years) completed the study. Bipedal postural sway, four square step test, timed up and go, Y-balance (anterior reach only) and force-time characteristics of sit-to-stand performance were used to assess standing and dynamic balance. Attention and working memory were assessed using a serial 3s and 7s subtraction task during seated rest and completion of the bipedal standing assessment and Y-balance test. This battery of assessments was completed on two separate occasions, once following the consumption of a non-ergogenic placebo and again following the consumption of 3 mg·kg−1 caffeine. The administration of treatments was randomised, counterbalanced and double-blind. Caffeine reduced performance in the bipedal standing balance assessments, evidenced by an increase in COPML, COPPath, COPVelocity. Performance during the dynamic balance tests was unaffected, other than rate of force development during the sit-to-stand, which was improved following caffeine ingestion. The introduction of a cognitive dual task had either limited effects, or improved facets of bipedal standing balance, whilst performance during the dynamic balance task was significantly reduced. In both balance assessments, there was evidence for a reduction in the performance of the cognitive task when both the balance and cognitive tests were performed simultaneously, with this effect not modulated by caffeine consumption. These findings refute the idea that caffeine ingestion may have positive effects on balance performance. However, despite a caffeine-induced reduction in bipedal standing balance, it is unlikely that caffeine ingestion would exacerbate fall risk given the limited effects in the dynamic balance tests. Future work should establish if these effects are generalisable to older frail participants and if caffeine can modulate the detrimental effects of an acute exercise bout on balance performance.
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Lago-RodrÍguez Á, Jodra P, Bailey S, DomÍnguez R. Caffeine improves performance but not duration of the countermovement jump phases. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2020; 61:199-204. [PMID: 32720780 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.20.11099-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The countermovement jump (CMJ) test is often employed to assess power generated in the lower limbs and has been related to performance in several sports modalities. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of caffeine supplementation on jump height, average power (AP), peak power (PP), maximum velocity (V<inf>max</inf>), force production and duration of the eccentric, isometric and concentric muscle contraction phases of a CMJ. METHODS Sixteen resistance-trained men (age: 22.69±2.12 years; height: 1.78±0.06 m; weight: 78.09±10.27 kg) performed a CMJ 60 minutes after having taken an oral supplement containing 6 mg·kg-1 of caffeine or placebo (sucrose). The study design was randomized, double-blind crossover. RESULTS Caffeine ingestion improved jump height (+3.86%, P=0.02), V<inf>max</inf> (+1.49%, P=0.023), AP (+4.83%, P=0.006), and PP (+3.49%, P=0.004). CONCLUSIONS Acute caffeine supplementation leads to improved CMJ height, V<inf>max</inf>, AP and PP without significantly affecting the duration of the different test phases. Therefore, caffeine supplementation may be employed as ergogenic aid in sports where CMJ performance has been associated with sport-specific performance enhancements.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pablo Jodra
- Faculty of Education, University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain -
| | - Stephen Bailey
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Raúl DomÍnguez
- Escuela Universitaria de Osuna (Center attached to Universidad de Sevilla), Sevilla, Spain.,Departamento de Educación Fisica y Deporte, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain.,Studies Research Group in Neuromuscular Responses (GEPREN), University of Lavras, Lavras, Brasil
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Spineli H, Pinto MP, Dos Santos BP, Lima-Silva AE, Bertuzzi R, Gitaí DLG, de Araujo GG. Caffeine improves various aspects of athletic performance in adolescents independent of their 163 C > A CYP1A2 genotypes. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2020; 30:1869-1877. [PMID: 32538495 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate whether variations in 163 C > A CYP1A2 genotypes (rs 762 551) (AA, AC, and CC) modify the ergogenic effects of caffeine (CAF) on strength, power, muscular endurance, agility, and endurance in adolescent athletes. METHODS One hundred adolescents (age = 15 ± 2 years) were recruited. Participants ingested CAF (6 mg.kg-1 ) or placebo (PLA, 300 mg of cellulose) 1 hour before performing a sequence of physical tests: handgrip strength, vertical jumps, agility test, sit-ups, push-ups, and the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test level 1 (Yo-Yo IR1). RESULTS Compared to PLA, CAF enhanced (P < .05) sit-up (CAF = 37 ± 9; PLA = 35 ± 8 repetitions) and push-up repetitions (CAF = 26 ± 11; PLA = 24 ± 11 repetitions), and increased distance covered in Yo-Yo IR1 test (CAF = 1010.4 ± 378.9; PLA = 903.2 ± 325.7 m). There was no influence of CAF on handgrip strength (CAF = 35.1 ± 8.9; PLA = 33.7 ± 8.7 kgf), countermovement jump height (CAF = 49.3 ± 12.6; PLA = 47.9 ± 13.8 cm), spike jump height (CAF = 54.2 ± 13.6; PLA = 52.9 ± 14.5 cm), and time in agility test (CAF = 15.8 ± 1.1; PLA = 15.9 ± 1.3 s, P > .05). When present, the ergogenic effect of CAF was not dependent of genotype. CONCLUSION CAF improves muscular endurance and aerobic performance in adolescent athletes, regardless of their 163 C > A CYP1A2 genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Higor Spineli
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition - PPGNUT, Federal University of Alagoas, Alagoas, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences - PPGCS, Federal University of Alagoas, Alagoas, Brazil.,Research Group Applied to Sport Science - GPCAE, Institute of Physical Education and Sport - IEFE, Federal University of Alagoas, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Maryssa P Pinto
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition - PPGNUT, Federal University of Alagoas, Alagoas, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences - PPGCS, Federal University of Alagoas, Alagoas, Brazil.,Research Group Applied to Sport Science - GPCAE, Institute of Physical Education and Sport - IEFE, Federal University of Alagoas, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Bruna P Dos Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences - PPGCS, Federal University of Alagoas, Alagoas, Brazil.,Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratory - LBCM, Federal University of Alagoas, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Adriano E Lima-Silva
- Human Performance Research Group, Technological Federal University of Parana, Parana, Brazil
| | - Romulo Bertuzzi
- Endurance Performance Research Group (GEDAE-USP), School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel L G Gitaí
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences - PPGCS, Federal University of Alagoas, Alagoas, Brazil.,Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratory - LBCM, Federal University of Alagoas, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Gustavo G de Araujo
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition - PPGNUT, Federal University of Alagoas, Alagoas, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences - PPGCS, Federal University of Alagoas, Alagoas, Brazil.,Research Group Applied to Sport Science - GPCAE, Institute of Physical Education and Sport - IEFE, Federal University of Alagoas, Alagoas, Brazil
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Mor A, Kayacan Y, Ipekoglu G, Arslanoglu E. Effect of carbohydrate-electrolyte consumption on insulin, cortisol hormones and blood glucose after high-intensity exercise. Arch Physiol Biochem 2019; 125:344-350. [PMID: 29681197 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2018.1465098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to examine the effect of CHO-E consumption after high-intensity exercise on insulin, cortisol hormones and blood glucose responses, which is important for performance and recovery in athletes. Methods: Sixteen volunteers, male athletes, participated into this study. Athletes were divided into two groups as experiment (CHO-E) and placebo (PLA). Blood was taken from the athletes three times as basal, post-exercise (PE) and 2 h after ingestion of supplement (PS). Results: When inter-group comparisons, insulin was significantly higher in the CHO-E group than the PLA group at the PS phase (p < .05). Cortisol significantly decreased in the CHO-E group at the PS compared to the PE (p < .05). Conclusions: Carbohydrate-electrolyte consumption after high-intensity exercise, accelerates the recovery process by providing optimal recovery, and enable the metabolism to remain in the anabolic state by preventing it from entering in the catabolic process as well as provides hormonal balance in metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Mor
- a Faculty of Sports Sciences, Sinop University , Sinop , Turkey
| | - Yildirim Kayacan
- b Yasar Dogu Faculty of Sports Sciences, Ondokuz Mayıs University , Samsun , Turkey
| | - Gokhan Ipekoglu
- a Faculty of Sports Sciences, Sinop University , Sinop , Turkey
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Caffeine Supplementation and Physical Performance, Muscle Damage and Perception of Fatigue in Soccer Players: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11020440. [PMID: 30791576 PMCID: PMC6412526 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Soccer is a complex team sport and success in this discipline depends on different factors such as physical fitness, player technique and team tactics, among others. In the last few years, several studies have described the impact of caffeine intake on soccer physical performance, but the results of these investigations have not been properly reviewed and summarized. The main objective of this review was to evaluate critically the effectiveness of a moderate dose of caffeine on soccer physical performance. A structured search was carried out following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines in the Medline/PubMed and Web of Science databases from January 2007 to November 2018. The search included studies with a cross-over and randomized experimental design in which the intake of caffeine (either from caffeinated drinks or pills) was compared to an identical placebo situation. There were no filters applied to the soccer players’ level, gender or age. This review included 17 articles that investigated the effects of caffeine on soccer-specific abilities (n = 12) or on muscle damage (n = 5). The review concluded that 5 investigations (100% of the number of investigations on this topic) had found ergogenic effects of caffeine on jump performance, 4 (100%) on repeated sprint ability and 2 (100%) on running distance during a simulated soccer game. However, only 1 investigation (25%) found as an effect of caffeine to increase serum markers of muscle damage, while no investigation reported an effect of caffeine to reduce perceived fatigue after soccer practice. In conclusion, a single and moderate dose of caffeine, ingested 5–60 min before a soccer practice, might produce valuable improvements in certain abilities related to enhanced soccer physical performance. However, caffeine does not seem to cause increased markers of muscle damage or changes in perceived exertion during soccer practice.
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Effects of Caffeinated Gum on a Battery of Soccer-Specific Tests in Trained University-Standard Male Soccer Players. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 2018; 28:629-634. [DOI: 10.1123/ijsnem.2017-0405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Acute Ingestion of Caffeinated Chewing Gum Improves Repeated Sprint Performance of Team Sport Athletes With Low Habitual Caffeine Consumption. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 2018; 28:221-227. [DOI: 10.1123/ijsnem.2017-0217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The effects of acute ingestion of caffeine on short-duration high-intensity performance are equivocal, while studies of novel modes of delivery and the efficacy of low doses of caffeine are warranted. The aims of the present study were to investigate the effect of acute ingestion of caffeinated chewing gum on repeated sprint performance (RSP) in team sport athletes, and whether habitual caffeine consumption alters the ergogenic effect, if any, on RSP. A total of 18 male team sport athletes undertook four RSP trials using a 40-m maximum shuttle run test, which incorporates 10 × 40-m sprints with 30 s between the start of each sprint. Each participant completed two familiarization sessions, followed by caffeine (CAF; caffeinated chewing gum; 200 mg caffeine) and placebo (PLA; noncaffeinated chewing gum) trials in a randomized, double-blind manner. RSP, assessed by sprint performance decrement (%), did not differ (p = .209; effect size = 0.16; N = 18) between CAF (5.00 ± 2.84%) and PLA (5.43 ± 2.68%). Secondary analysis revealed that low habitual caffeine consumers (<40 mg/day, n = 10) experienced an attenuation of sprint performance decrement during CAF relative to PLA (5.53 ± 3.12% vs. 6.53 ± 2.91%, respectively; p = .049; effect size =0.33); an effect not observed in moderate/high habitual caffeine consumers (>130 mg/day, n = 6; 3.98 ± 2.57% vs. 3.80 ± 1.79%, respectively; p = .684; effect size = 0.08). The data suggest that a low dose of caffeine in the form of caffeinated chewing gum attenuates the sprint performance decrement during RSP by team sport athletes with low, but not moderate-to-high, habitual consumption of caffeine.
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Kotsis Y, Mikellidi A, Aresti C, Persia E, Sotiropoulos A, Panagiotakos DB, Antonopoulou S, Nomikos T. A low-dose, 6-week bovine colostrum supplementation maintains performance and attenuates inflammatory indices following a Loughborough Intermittent Shuttle Test in soccer players. Eur J Nutr 2018; 57:1181-1195. [PMID: 28285432 PMCID: PMC5861165 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-017-1401-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of a 6-week, low-dose bovine colostrum (BC) supplementation on exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) and performance decline in soccer players following the Loughborough Intermittent Shuttle Test (LIST) during a competitive season period. METHODS In a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled design, two groups of soccer players were allocated to a 3.2 g/day of whey protein (WP, N = 8) or BC (N = 10) and performed a pre- and a post-supplementation LIST. Maximum isometric voluntary contraction, squat jump (SQJ), countermovement jump, muscle soreness, blood cell counts, creatine kinase (CK), C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were monitored for 2, 24, 48, 72 h post-LIST. RESULTS LIST induced transient increases in leukocytes, granulocytes, CK, muscle soreness, CRP, IL-6 and declines in lymphocytes and performance indices. Supplementation resulted in a faster recovery of SQJ, CK and CRP compared to pre-supplementation kinetics (trial × time: p = 0.001, 0.056, 0.014, respectively) and lower incremental area under the curve (iAUC) for IL-6, only in the BC group [pre-: 31.1 (6.78-46.9), post-: 14.0 (-0.16 to 23.5) pg h/ml, p = 0.034]. Direct comparison of the two groups after supplementation demonstrated higher iAUC of SQJ [WP: -195.2 (-229.0 to (-52.5)), BC: -15.8 (-93.2 to 16.8) cm h, p = 0.034], a trend for lower iAUC of CK in the BC group [WP: 18,785 (4651-41,357), BC: 8842 (4807-14,802) U h/L, p = 0.081] and a significant intervention × time interaction for CRP (p = 0.038) in favor of BC. CONCLUSIONS Post-exercise EIMD may be reduced and performance better maintained by a low dose of BC administration following LIST in soccer players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiannis Kotsis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, Eleftheriou Venizelou 70, 17671, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Mikellidi
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, Eleftheriou Venizelou 70, 17671, Athens, Greece
| | - Cleopatra Aresti
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, Eleftheriou Venizelou 70, 17671, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Persia
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, Eleftheriou Venizelou 70, 17671, Athens, Greece
| | - Aristomenis Sotiropoulos
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Demosthenes B Panagiotakos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, Eleftheriou Venizelou 70, 17671, Athens, Greece
| | - Smaragdi Antonopoulou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, Eleftheriou Venizelou 70, 17671, Athens, Greece
| | - Tzortzis Nomikos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, Eleftheriou Venizelou 70, 17671, Athens, Greece.
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Grgic J, Trexler ET, Lazinica B, Pedisic Z. Effects of caffeine intake on muscle strength and power: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2018. [PMID: 29527137 PMCID: PMC5839013 DOI: 10.1186/s12970-018-0216-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Caffeine is commonly used as an ergogenic aid. Literature about the effects of caffeine ingestion on muscle strength and power is equivocal. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to summarize results from individual studies on the effects of caffeine intake on muscle strength and power. Methods A search through eight databases was performed to find studies on the effects of caffeine on: (i) maximal muscle strength measured using 1 repetition maximum tests; and (ii) muscle power assessed by tests of vertical jump. Meta-analyses of standardized mean differences (SMD) between placebo and caffeine trials from individual studies were conducted using the random effects model. Results Ten studies on the strength outcome and ten studies on the power outcome met the inclusion criteria for the meta-analyses. Caffeine ingestion improved both strength (SMD = 0.20; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.03, 0.36; p = 0.023) and power (SMD = 0.17; 95% CI: 0.00, 0.34; p = 0.047). A subgroup analysis indicated that caffeine significantly improves upper (SMD = 0.21; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.39; p = 0.026) but not lower body strength (SMD = 0.15; 95% CI: -0.05, 0.34; p = 0.147). Conclusion The meta-analyses showed significant ergogenic effects of caffeine ingestion on maximal muscle strength of upper body and muscle power. Future studies should more rigorously control the effectiveness of blinding. Due to the paucity of evidence, additional findings are needed in the female population and using different forms of caffeine, such as gum and gel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jozo Grgic
- 1Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Eric T Trexler
- 2Applied Physiology Laboratory, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA.,3Human Movement Science Curriculum, Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - Bruno Lazinica
- Faculty of Education, Department of Kinesiology, J.J. Strossmayer University, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Zeljko Pedisic
- 1Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
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17
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Wen D, Robertson S, Hu G, Song B, Chen H. Measurement properties and feasibility of the Loughborough soccer passing test: A systematic review. J Sports Sci 2017; 36:1682-1694. [DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2017.1409611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daizong Wen
- School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Sam Robertson
- Institute of Sport Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Guopeng Hu
- Department of Physical Education, HuaQiao University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Benhao Song
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Haichun Chen
- School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
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18
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Oliveira CC, Ferreira D, Caetano C, Granja D, Pinto R, Mendes B, Sousa M. Nutrition and Supplementation in Soccer. Sports (Basel) 2017; 5:sports5020028. [PMID: 29910389 PMCID: PMC5968974 DOI: 10.3390/sports5020028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Contemporary elite soccer features increased physical demands during match-play, as well as a larger number of matches per season. Now more than ever, aspects related to performance optimization are highly regarded by both players and soccer coaches. Here, nutrition takes a special role as most elite teams try to provide an adequate diet to guarantee maximum performance while ensuring a faster recovery from matches and training exertions. It is currently known that manipulation and periodization of macronutrients, as well as sound hydration practices, have the potential to interfere with training adaptation and recovery. A careful monitoring of micronutrient status is also relevant to prevent undue fatigue and immune impairment secondary to a deficiency status. Furthermore, the sensible use of evidence-based dietary supplements may also play a role in soccer performance optimization. In this sense, several nutritional recommendations have been issued. This detailed and comprehensive review addresses the most relevant and up-to-date nutritional recommendations for elite soccer players, covering from macro and micronutrients to hydration and selected supplements in different contexts (daily requirements, pre, peri and post training/match and competition).
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Affiliation(s)
- César Chaves Oliveira
- Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo - Escola Superior de Desporto e Lazer, Viana do Castelo 4960-320, Portugal.
| | - Diogo Ferreira
- Benfica LAB, Sport Lisboa e Benfica, Lisbon 1500-313, Portugal.
| | - Carlos Caetano
- Benfica LAB, Sport Lisboa e Benfica, Lisbon 1500-313, Portugal.
| | - Diana Granja
- Benfica LAB, Sport Lisboa e Benfica, Lisbon 1500-313, Portugal.
| | - Ricardo Pinto
- Benfica LAB, Sport Lisboa e Benfica, Lisbon 1500-313, Portugal.
| | - Bruno Mendes
- Benfica LAB, Sport Lisboa e Benfica, Lisbon 1500-313, Portugal.
| | - Mónica Sousa
- Instituto Politécnico de Leiria - Escola Superior de Saúde, Leiria 2411-901, Portugal.
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19
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Serpiello FR, Cox A, Oppici L, Hopkins WG, Varley MC. The Loughborough Soccer Passing Test has impractical criterion validity in elite youth football. SCI MED FOOTBALL 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2016.1254810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. R. Serpiello
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A. Cox
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - L. Oppici
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - W. G. Hopkins
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
- Defence Institute, Oslo, Norway
| | - M. C. Varley
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
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20
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Zulli A, Smith RM, Kubatka P, Novak J, Uehara Y, Loftus H, Qaradakhi T, Pohanka M, Kobyliak N, Zagatina A, Klimas J, Hayes A, La Rocca G, Soucek M, Kruzliak P. Caffeine and cardiovascular diseases: critical review of current research. Eur J Nutr 2016; 55:1331-43. [PMID: 26932503 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-016-1179-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Caffeine is a most widely consumed physiological stimulant worldwide, which is consumed via natural sources, such as coffee and tea, and now marketed sources such as energy drinks and other dietary supplements. This wide use has led to concerns regarding the safety of caffeine and its proposed beneficial role in alertness, performance and energy expenditure and side effects in the cardiovascular system. The question remains "Which dose is safe?", as the population does not appear to adhere to the strict guidelines listed on caffeine consumption. Studies in humans and animal models yield controversial results, which can be explained by population, type and dose of caffeine and low statistical power. This review will focus on comprehensive and critical review of the current literature and provide an avenue for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Zulli
- Centre for Chronic Disease (CCD), College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Renee M Smith
- Centre for Chronic Disease (CCD), College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Jan Novak
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, St. Anne's University Hospital and Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Physiology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Yoshio Uehara
- Division of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Home Economics, Kyoritsu Women's University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hayley Loftus
- Centre for Chronic Disease (CCD), College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Tawar Qaradakhi
- Centre for Chronic Disease (CCD), College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Miroslav Pohanka
- Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Jan Klimas
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Odborarov 10, 832 32, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Alan Hayes
- Centre for Chronic Disease (CCD), College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Giampiero La Rocca
- Human Anatomy Section, Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), Palermo, Italy
| | - Miroslav Soucek
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, St. Anne's University Hospital and Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Kruzliak
- Laboratory of Structural Biology and Proteomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackeho tr 1/1946, Brno, 612 42, Czech Republic.
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