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Qiu Y, Han Z, Liu N, Yu M, Zhang S, Chen H, Tang H, Zhao Z, Wang K, Lin Z, Han F, Ye X. Effects of Aegilops longissima chromosome 1S l on wheat bread-making quality in two types of translocation lines. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2023; 137:2. [PMID: 38072878 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04504-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Two wheat-Ae. longissima translocation chromosomes (1BS·1SlL and 1SlS·1BL) were transferred into three commercial wheat varieties, and the new advanced lines showed improved bread-making quality compared to their recurrent parents. Aegilops longissima chromosome 1Sl encodes specific types of gluten subunits that may positively affect wheat bread-making quality. The most effective method of introducing 1Sl chromosomal fragments containing the target genes into wheat is chromosome translocation. Here, a wheat-Ae. longissima 1BS·1SlL translocation line was developed using molecular marker-assisted chromosome engineering. Two types of translocation chromosomes developed in a previous study, 1BS·1SlL and 1SlS·1BL, were introduced into three commercial wheat varieties (Ningchun4, Ningchun50, and Westonia) via backcrossing with marker-assisted selection. Advanced translocation lines were confirmed through chromosome in situ hybridization and genotyping by target sequencing using the wheat 40 K system. Bread-making quality was found to be improved in the two types of advanced translocation lines compared to the corresponding recurrent parents. Furthermore, 1SlS·1BL translocation lines displayed better bread-making quality than 1BS·1SlL translocation lines in each genetic background. Further analysis revealed that high molecular weight glutenin subunit (HMW-GS) contents and expression levels of genes encoding low molecular weight glutenin subunits (LMW-GSs) were increased in 1SlS·1BL translocation lines. Gliadin and gluten-related transcription factors were also upregulated in the grains of the two types of advanced translocation lines compared to the recurrent parents. This study clarifies the impacts of specific glutenin subunits on bread-making quality and provides novel germplasm resources for further improvement of wheat quality through molecular breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliang Qiu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
- Institute of Cotton Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Yuncheng, 044000, China
| | - Zhiyang Han
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ningtao Liu
- Keshan Branch, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar, 161600, China
| | - Mei Yu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Shuangxi Zhang
- Crop Research Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agri-Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, 750105, China
| | - Haiqiang Chen
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Huali Tang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhao
- Institute of Cotton Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Yuncheng, 044000, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhishan Lin
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Fangpu Han
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Xingguo Ye
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
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2
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Cloning and characterization of a novel low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit gene with an unusual molecular structure of Aegilops uniaristata. J Genet 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12041-018-1020-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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3
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Edet OU, Gorafi YSA, Nasuda S, Tsujimoto H. DArTseq-based analysis of genomic relationships among species of tribe Triticeae. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16397. [PMID: 30401925 PMCID: PMC6219600 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34811-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Precise utilization of wild genetic resources to improve the resistance of their cultivated relatives to environmental growth limiting factors, such as salinity stress and diseases, requires a clear understanding of their genomic relationships. Although seriously criticized, analyzing these relationships in tribe Triticeae has largely been based on meiotic chromosome pairing in hybrids of wide crosses, a specialized and labourious strategy. In this study, DArTseq, an efficient genotyping-by-sequencing platform, was applied to analyze the genomes of 34 Triticeae species. We reconstructed the phylogenetic relationships among diploid and polyploid Aegilops and Triticum species, including hexaploid wheat. Tentatively, we have identified the diploid genomes that are likely to have been involved in the evolution of five polyploid species of Aegilops, which have remained unresolved for decades. Explanations which cast light on the progenitor of the A genomes and the complex genomic status of the B/G genomes of polyploid Triticum species in the Emmer and Timopheevi lineages of wheat have also been provided. This study has, therefore, demonstrated that DArTseq genotyping can be effectively applied to analyze the genomes of plants, especially where their genome sequence information are not available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Offiong U Edet
- Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, Tottori, 680-0001, Japan.,United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tottori University, Tottori, 680-8553, Japan
| | - Yasir S A Gorafi
- Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, Tottori, 680-0001, Japan.,Agricultural Research Corporation (ARC), P. O. Box 126, Wad Madani, Sudan
| | - Shuhei Nasuda
- Laboratory of Plant Genetics, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Hisashi Tsujimoto
- Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, Tottori, 680-0001, Japan.
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4
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Du X, Zhang X. Molecular cloning and functional characterization of two novel high molecular weight glutenin subunit genes in Aegilops markgrafii. J Genet 2018; 96:563-570. [PMID: 28947704 DOI: 10.1007/s12041-017-0799-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The high molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) in bread wheat are major determinants of the viscoelastic properties of dough and the end-use quality of wheat flour. Two novel HMW-GSs, 1Cx1.1 and 1Cy9.1, from the diploid species Aegilops markgrafii (CC) were identified in the present study. The corresponding open-reading frames of the genes of 1Cx1.1 and 1Cy9.1 were isolated and sequenced using allele-specific polymerase chain reaction. Sequence comparison demonstrated that the HMW-GSs from Ae. markgrafii possess a similar primary structure to the homologous proteins in wheat and related species. A tandem tripeptide exists in the central repetitive domain of 1Cx1.1, and this unique structure is very rare in the HMW-GSs of other genomes. To confirm the authenticity of these isolated endogenous HMW-GS, the heterologous proteins produced by removing the signal peptides expressed by E. coli exhibited the same electrophoretic mobility as the native proteins. Subsequently, the single protein was purified at a sufficient scale for incorporation into flour to performsodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) sedimentation testing. Notably, the SDS sedimentation volume was less with the addition of 1Cx1.1 than it was with 1Cy9.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuye Du
- College of Life Science, Guizhou Normal University, No. 116, Baoshan North Street, Guiyang 550001, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China.
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5
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Wang J, Wang C, Zhen S, Li X, Yan Y. Low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits from the 1U genome of Aegilops umbellulata confer superior dough rheological properties and improve breadmaking quality of bread wheat. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2018; 98:2156-2167. [PMID: 28960410 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wheat-related genomes may carry new glutenin genes with the potential for quality improvement of breadmaking. In this study, we estimated the gluten quality properties of the wheat line CNU609 derived from crossing between Chinese Spring (CS, Triticum aestivum L., 2n = 6x = 42, AABBDD) and the wheat Aegilops umbellulata (2n = 2x = 14, UU) 1U(1B) substitution line, and investigated the function of 1U-encoded low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (LMW-GS). RESULTS The main quality parameters of CNU609 were significantly improved due to introgression of the 1U genome, including dough development time, stability time, farinograph quality number, gluten index, loaf size and inner structure. Glutenin analysis showed that CNU609 and CS had the same high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (HMW-GS) composition, but CNU609 carried eight specific 1U genome-encoded LMW-GS. The introgression of the 1U-encoded LMW-GS led to more and larger protein body formation in the CNU609 endosperm. Two new LMW-m type genes from the 1U genome, designated Glu-U3a and Glu-U3b, were cloned and characterized. Secondary structure prediction implied that both Glu-U3a and Glu-U3b encode subunits with high α-helix and β-strand content that could benefit the formation of superior gluten structure. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that the 1U genome has superior LMW-GS that can be used as new gene resources for wheat gluten quality improvement. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Wang
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Shoumin Zhen
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yueming Yan
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry (HCICGI), Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
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Alvarez JB, Guzmán C. Interspecific and intergeneric hybridization as a source of variation for wheat grain quality improvement. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2018; 131:225-251. [PMID: 29285597 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-017-3042-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The hybridization events with wild relatives and old varieties are an alternative source for enlarging the wheat quality variability. This review describes these process and their effects on the technological and nutritional quality. Wheat quality and its end-uses are mainly based on variation in three traits: grain hardness, gluten quality and starch. In recent times, the importance of nutritional quality and health-related aspects has increased the range of these traits with the inclusion of other grain components such as vitamins, fibre and micronutrients. One option to enlarge the genetic variability in wheat for all these components has been the use of wild relatives, together with underutilised or neglected wheat varieties or species. In the current review, we summarise the role of each grain component in relation to grain quality, their variation in modern wheat and the alternative sources in which wheat breeders have found novel variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan B Alvarez
- Departamento de Genética, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica y de Montes, Edificio Gregor Mendel, Campus de Rabanales, Universidad de Córdoba, CeiA3, 14071, Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Carlos Guzmán
- CIMMYT, Global Wheat Program, Km 45 Carretera México-Veracruz, El Batán, C.P. 56130, Texcoco, Estado de México, Mexico
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7
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Subburaj S, Luo N, Lu X, Li X, Cao H, Hu Y, Li J, Yan Y. Molecular characterization and evolutionary origins of farinin genes in Brachypodium distachyon L. J Appl Genet 2015; 57:287-303. [PMID: 26519166 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-015-0316-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Revised: 08/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Farinins are one of the oldest members of the gluten family in wheat and Aegilops species, and they influence dough properties. Here, we performed the first detailed molecular genetic study on farinin genes in Brachypodium distachyon L., the model species for Triticum aestivum. A total of 51 b-type farinin genes were cloned and characterized, including 27 functional and 24 non-functional pseudogenes from 14 different B. distachyon accessions. All genes were highly similar to those previously reported from wheat and Aegilops species. The identification of deduced amino acid sequences showed that b-type farinins across Triticeae genomes could be classified as b1-, b2-, b3-, and b4-type farinins; however, B. distachyon had only b3- and b4-type farinins. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) revealed that farinin genes are transcribed into mRNA in B. distachyon at much lower levels than in Triticeae, despite the presence of cis-acting elements in promoter regions. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that Brachypodium farinins may have closer relationships with common wheat and further confirmed four different types of b-type farinins in Triticeae and Brachypodium genomes, corresponding to b1, b2, b3 (group 1), and b4 (group 2). A putative evolutionary origin model of farinin genes in Brachypodium, Triticum, and the related species suggests that all b-type farinins diverged from their common ancestor ~3.2 million years ago (MYA). The b3 and b4 types could be considered older in the farinin family. The results explain the loss of b1- and b2-type farinin alleles in Brachypodium.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nana Luo
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Xiaobing Lu
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Hui Cao
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yingkao Hu
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China.
| | - Jiarui Li
- Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Yueming Yan
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China. .,Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry (HCICGI), 434025, Jingzhou, China.
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8
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Huang Z, Long H, Yu XF, Wei YM, Yan ZH, Zheng YL. Characterization of low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit genes of Aegilops section Sitopsis and comparative analysis with those of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and some Aegilops species. J Genet 2015; 94:497-501. [PMID: 26440091 DOI: 10.1007/s12041-015-0546-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Huang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Chengdu Campus, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huiming Road 211, Wenjiang, Sichuan 611130, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Wang S, Beruto M, Xue J, Zhu F, Liu C, Yan Y, Zhang X. Molecular cloning and potential function prediction of homologous SOC1 genes in tree peony. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2015; 34:1459-71. [PMID: 25972261 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-015-1800-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Revised: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2015] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE The central flower integrator PsSOC1 was isolated and its expression profiles were analyzed; then the potential function of PsSOC1 in tree peony was postulated. The six flowering genes PrSOC1, PdSOC1, PsSOC1, PsSOC1-1, PsSOC1-2, and PsSOC1-3 were isolated from Paeonia rockii, Paeonia delavayi, and Paeonia suffruticosa, respectively. Sequence comparison analysis showed that the six genes were highly conserved and shared 99.41% nucleotide identity. Further investigation suggested PsSOC1 was highly homologous to the floral integrators, SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1 (SOC1), from Arabidopsis. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the SOC1 protein clustering has family specificity and PsSOC1 has a close relationship with homologous SOC1 from Asteraceae species. The studies of PsSOC1's expression patterns in different buds and flower buds, and vegetative organs indicated that PsSOC1 could express in both vegetative and reproductive organs. While the expression of PsSOC1 in different developmental stages of buds was different; high expression levels of PsSOC1 occurred in the bud at the bud sprouting stage and the type I aborted the flower bud. PsSOC1 expression was also shown to be affected by gibberellins (GA), low temperature, and photoperiod. One of the pathways that regulates tree peony flowering may be the GA-inductive pathway. Ectopic expression of PsSOC1 in tobacco demonstrated that greater PsSOC1 expression in the transgenic tobacco plants not only promoted plant growth, but also advanced the flowering time. Finally, the potential function of PsSOC1 in tree peony was postulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunli Wang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, 100081, China,
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10
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Maryami Z, Fazeli A. Molecular diversity and detection ofWaxygenes in the Iranian wheat populations by multiplex PCR. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2015.1045940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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11
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Zhen S, Han C, Ma C, Gu A, Zhang M, Shen X, Li X, Yan Y. Deletion of the low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit allele Glu-A3a of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) significantly reduces dough strength and breadmaking quality. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2014; 14:367. [PMID: 25524150 PMCID: PMC4275963 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-014-0367-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (LMW-GS), encoded by Glu-3 complex loci in hexaploid wheat, play important roles in the processing quality of wheat flour. To date, the molecular characteristics and effects on dough quality of individual Glu-3 alleles and their encoding proteins have been poorly studied. We used a Glu-A3 deletion line of the Chinese Spring (CS-n) wheat variety to conduct the first comprehensive study on the molecular characteristics and functional properties of the LMW-GS allele Glu-A3a. RESULTS The Glu-A3a allele at the Glu-A3 locus in CS and its deletion in CS-n were identified and characterized by proteome and molecular marker methods. The deletion of Glu-A3a had no significant influence on plant morphological and yield traits, but significantly reduced the dough strength and breadmaking quality compared to CS. The complete sequence of the Glu-A3a allele was cloned and characterized, which was found to encode a B-subunit with longer repetitive domains and an increased number of α-helices. The Glu-A3a-encoded B-subunit showed a higher expression level and accumulation rate during grain development. These characteristics of the Glu-A3a allele could contribute to achieving superior gluten quality and demonstrate its potential application to wheat quality improvement. Furthermore, an allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR) marker for the Glu-A3a allele was developed and validated using different bread wheat cultivars, including near-isogenic lines (NILs) and recombinant inbred lines (RILs), which could be used as an effective molecular marker for gluten quality improvement through marker-assisted selection. CONCLUSIONS This work demonstrated that the LMW-GS allele Glu-A3a encodes a specific LMW-i type B-subunit that significantly affects wheat dough strength and breadmaking quality. The Glu-A3a-encoded B-subunit has a long repetitive domain and more α-helix structures as well as a higher expression level and accumulation rate during grain development, which could facilitate the formation of wheat with a stronger dough structure and superior breadmaking quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoumin Zhen
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Proteomics, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, 100048 Beijing, China
| | - Caixia Han
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Proteomics, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, 100048 Beijing, China
| | - Chaoying Ma
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Proteomics, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, 100048 Beijing, China
| | - Aiqin Gu
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Proteomics, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, 100048 Beijing, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Proteomics, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, 100048 Beijing, China
| | - Xixi Shen
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Proteomics, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, 100048 Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Proteomics, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, 100048 Beijing, China
| | - Yueming Yan
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Proteomics, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, 100048 Beijing, China
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12
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Qin L, Liang Y, Yang D, Xia G, Liu S. Characterisation of low molecular weight glutenin subunit genes from Pseudoroegneria spicata and Pd. strigosa. J Appl Genet 2014; 56:27-35. [PMID: 25099921 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-014-0229-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2014] [Revised: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We report the characterisation of nine novel low molecular weight glutenin subunit (LMW-GS) genes from two Pseudoroegneria species, Pd. spicata and Pd. strigosa. We found that all nine LMW-GS genes possess the same primary structure shared by other published LMW-GS. Five genes encode LMW-i type subunits, three encode LMW-m type subunits and one encodes a peptide similar to B-3 hordeins of Hordeum chilense. No LMW-s type subunit genes were found in Pseudoroegneria. One subunit, PSt24-LMW-2, contains six conserved cysteine residues, and the other eight subunits all contain eight cysteine residues. We show that one cysteine residue is located in the signal peptide of PSt24-LMW-1, suggesting a mature peptide containing only seven cysteine residues. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that the LMW-GS genes from the St genome cluster together and suggests a distant relationship with LMW-GS of the A and B genomes of wheat. Slippage/unequal crossing over and illegitimate recombination are effective mechanisms for enriching variations of seed storage proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lumin Qin
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
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Subburaj S, Chen G, Han C, Lv D, Li X, Zeller FJ, Hsam SLK, Yan Y. Molecular characterisation and evolution of HMW glutenin subunit genes in Brachypodium distachyon L. J Appl Genet 2013; 55:27-42. [PMID: 24306693 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-013-0187-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2013] [Revised: 11/10/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Brachypodium distachyon, a small wild grass within the Pooideae family, is a new model organism for exploring the functional genomics of cereal crops. It was shown to have close relationships to wheat, barley and rice. Here, we describe the molecular characterisation and evolutionary relationships of high molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) genes from B. distachyon. Sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), high performance capillary electrophoresis (HPCE) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analyses demonstrated that there was no HMW-GS expression in the Brachypodium grains due to the silencing of their encoding genes. Through allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR) amplification and cloning, a total of 13 HMW-GS encoding genes from diploid, tetraploid and hexaploid Brachypodium species were obtained, and all of them had typical structural features of y-type HMW-GS genes from common wheat and related species, particularly more similar to the 1Dy12 gene. However, the presence of an in-frame premature stop codon (TAG) at position 1521 in the coding region resulted in the conversion of all the genes to pseudogenes. Further, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis revealed that HMW-GS genes in B. distachyon displayed a similar trend, but with a low transcriptional expression profile during grain development due to the occurrence of the stop codon. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the highly conserved Glu-1-2 loci were presented in B. distachyon, which displayed close phylogenetic evolutionary relationships with Triticum and related species.
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Cuesta S, Guzmán C, Alvarez JB. Allelic diversity and molecular characterization of puroindoline genes in five diploid species of the Aegilops genus. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2013; 64:5133-5143. [PMID: 24058161 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ert299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Grain hardness is an important quality trait in wheat. This trait is related to the variation in, and the presence of, puroindolines (PINA and PINB). This variation can be increased by the allelic polymorphism present in the Aegilops species that are related to wheat. This study evaluated allelic Pina and Pinb gene variability in five diploid species of the Aegilops genus, along with the molecular characterization of the main allelic variants found in each species. This polymorphism resulted in 16 alleles for the Pina gene and 24 alleles for the Pinb gene, of which 10 and 17, respectively, were novel. Diverse mutations were detected in the deduced mature proteins of these alleles, which could influence the hardness characteristics of these proteins. This study shows that the diploid species of the Aegilops genus could be a good source of genetic variability for both Pina and Pinb genes, which could be used in breeding programmes to extend the range of different textures in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Cuesta
- Departamento de Genética, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica y de Montes, Edificio Gregor Mendel, Campus de Rabanales, Universidad de Córdoba, CeiA3, ES-14071 Córdoba, Spain
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15
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Laidò G, Mangini G, Taranto F, Gadaleta A, Blanco A, Cattivelli L, Marone D, Mastrangelo AM, Papa R, De Vita P. Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Tetraploid Wheats (Triticum turgidum L.) Estimated by SSR, DArT and Pedigree Data. PLoS One 2013; 8:e67280. [PMID: 23826256 PMCID: PMC3694930 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0067280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2013] [Accepted: 05/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Levels of genetic diversity and population genetic structure of a collection of 230 accessions of seven tetraploid Triticum turgidum L. subspecies were investigated using six morphological, nine seed storage protein loci, 26 SSRs and 970 DArT markers. The genetic diversity of the morphological traits and seed storage proteins was always lower in the durum wheat compared to the wild and domesticated emmer. Using Bayesian clustering (K = 2), both of the sets of molecular markers distinguished the durum wheat cultivars from the other tetraploid subspecies, and two distinct subgroups were detected within the durum wheat subspecies, which is in agreement with their origin and year of release. The genetic diversity of morphological traits and seed storage proteins was always lower in the improved durum cultivars registered after 1990, than in the intermediate and older ones. This marked effect on diversity was not observed for molecular markers, where there was only a weak reduction. At K >2, the SSR markers showed a greater degree of resolution than for DArT, with their identification of a greater number of groups within each subspecies. Analysis of DArT marker differentiation between the wheat subspecies indicated outlier loci that are potentially linked to genes controlling some important agronomic traits. Among the 211 loci identified under selection, 109 markers were recently mapped, and some of these markers were clustered into specific regions on chromosome arms 2BL, 3BS and 4AL, where several genes/quantitative trait loci (QTLs) are involved in the domestication of tetraploid wheats, such as the tenacious glumes (Tg) and brittle rachis (Br) characteristics. On the basis of these results, it can be assumed that the population structure of the tetraploid wheat collection partially reflects the evolutionary history of Triticum turgidum L. subspecies and the genetic potential of landraces and wild accessions for the detection of unexplored alleles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Laidò
- Consiglio per la Ricerca e la sperimentazione in Agricoltura, Cereal Research Centre, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giacomo Mangini
- Department of Soil, Plant, and Food Sciences, Section of Genetics and Plant Breeding, University of Bari, Via Amendola, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesca Taranto
- Department of Soil, Plant, and Food Sciences, Section of Genetics and Plant Breeding, University of Bari, Via Amendola, Bari, Italy
| | - Agata Gadaleta
- Department of Soil, Plant, and Food Sciences, Section of Genetics and Plant Breeding, University of Bari, Via Amendola, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Blanco
- Department of Soil, Plant, and Food Sciences, Section of Genetics and Plant Breeding, University of Bari, Via Amendola, Bari, Italy
| | - Luigi Cattivelli
- Consiglio per la Ricerca e la sperimentazione in Agricoltura, Cereal Research Centre, Foggia, Italy
| | - Daniela Marone
- Consiglio per la Ricerca e la sperimentazione in Agricoltura, Cereal Research Centre, Foggia, Italy
| | - Anna M. Mastrangelo
- Consiglio per la Ricerca e la sperimentazione in Agricoltura, Cereal Research Centre, Foggia, Italy
| | - Roberto Papa
- Consiglio per la Ricerca e la sperimentazione in Agricoltura, Cereal Research Centre, Foggia, Italy
| | - Pasquale De Vita
- Consiglio per la Ricerca e la sperimentazione in Agricoltura, Cereal Research Centre, Foggia, Italy
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16
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Wang S, Yu Z, Cao M, Shen X, Li N, Li X, Ma W, Weißgerber H, Zeller F, Hsam S, Yan Y. Molecular mechanisms of HMW glutenin subunits from 1S(l) genome of Aegilops longissima positively affecting wheat breadmaking quality. PLoS One 2013; 8:e58947. [PMID: 23593125 PMCID: PMC3617193 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2012] [Accepted: 02/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A wheat cultivar “Chinese Spring” chromosome substitution line CS-1Sl(1B), in which the 1B chromosome was substituted by 1Sl from Aegilops longissima, was developed and found to possess superior dough and breadmaking quality. The molecular mechanism of its super quality conformation is studied in the aspects of high molecular glutenin genes, protein accumulation patterns, glutenin polymeric proteins, protein bodies, starch granules, and protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) and PDI-like protein expressions. Results showed that the introduced HMW-GS 1Sl×2.3* and 1Sly16* in the substitution line possesses long repetitive domain, making both be larger than any known x- and y-type subunits from B genome. The introduced subunit genes were also found to have a higher level of mRNA expressions during grain development, resulting in more HMW-GS accumulation in the mature grains. A higher abundance of PDI and PDI-like proteins was observed which possess a known function of assisting disulfide bond formation. Larger HMW-GS deposited in protein bodies were also found in the substitution line. The CS substitution line is expected to be highly valuable in wheat quality improvement since the novel HMW-GS are located on chromosome 1Sl, making it possible to combine with the known superior D×5+Dy10 subunits encoded by Glu-D1 for developing high quality bread wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zitong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Min Cao
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xixi Shen
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Li
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Wujun Ma
- State Agriculture Biotechnology Centre, Murdoch University, Western Australian Department of Agriculture and Food, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- * E-mail: (YY); (WM)
| | - H. Weißgerber
- Division of Plant Breeding and Applied Genetics, Technical University of Munich, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Friedrich Zeller
- Division of Plant Breeding and Applied Genetics, Technical University of Munich, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Sai Hsam
- Division of Plant Breeding and Applied Genetics, Technical University of Munich, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Yueming Yan
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (YY); (WM)
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17
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Li J, Wang SL, Cao M, Lv DW, Subburaj S, Li XH, Zeller FJ, Hsam SLK, Yan YM. Cloning, expression, and evolutionary analysis of α-gliadin genes from Triticum and Aegilops genomes. J Appl Genet 2013; 54:157-67. [PMID: 23456845 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-013-0139-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2012] [Revised: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Fifteen novel α-gliadin genes were cloned and sequenced from Triticum and related Aegilops genomes by allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR). Sequence comparison displayed high diversities in the α-gliadin gene family. Four toxic epitopes and glutamine residues in the two polyglutamine domains facilitated these α-gliadins to be assigned to specific chromosomes. Five representative α-gliadin genes were successfully expressed in Escherichia coli, and their amount reached a maximum after 4 h induced by isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactoside (IPTG), indicating a high level of expression under the control of T7 promoter. The transcriptional expression of α-gliadin genes during grain development detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) showed a similar up-down regulation pattern in different genotypes. A neighbor-joining tree constructed with both full-open reading frame (ORF) α-gliadin genes and pseudogenes further revealed the origin and phylogenetic relationships among Triticum and related Aegilops genomes. The evolutionary analysis demonstrated that α-gliadin genes evolved mainly by synonymous substitutions under strong purifying selection during the evolutionary process.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Li
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, 100048, Beijing, China
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18
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Wang S, Wang K, Chen G, Lv D, Han X, Yu Z, Li X, Ye X, Hsam SLK, Ma W, Appels R, Yan Y. Molecular characterization of LMW-GS genes in Brachypodium distachyon L. reveals highly conserved Glu-3 loci in Triticum and related species. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2012; 12:221. [PMID: 23171363 PMCID: PMC3547698 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-12-221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2012] [Accepted: 10/30/2012] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brachypodium distachyon L. is a newly emerging model plant system for temperate cereal crop species. However, its grain protein compositions are still not clear. In the current study, we carried out a detailed proteomics and molecular genetics study on grain glutenin proteins in B. distachyon. RESULTS SDS-PAGE and RP-HPLC analysis of grain proteins showed that Brachypodium has few gliadins and high molecular weight glutenin subunits. In contrast the electrophoretic patterns for the albumin, globulin and low molecular weight glutenin subunit (LMW-GS) fractions of the grain protein were similar to those in wheat. In particular, the LMW-C type subunits in Brachypodium were more abundant than the equivalent proteins in common wheat. Southern blotting analysis confirmed that Brachypodium has 4-5 copies of LMW-GS genes. A total of 18 LMW-GS genes were cloned from Brachypodium by allele specific PCR. LMW-GS and 4 deduced amino acid sequences were further confirmed by using Western-blotting and MALDI-TOF-MS. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that Brachypodium was closer to Ae. markgrafii and Ae. umbellulata than to T. aestivum. CONCLUSIONS Brachypodium possessed a highly conserved Glu-3 locus that is closely related to Triticum and related species. The presence of LMW-GS in B. distachyon grains indicates that B. distachyon may be used as a model system for studying wheat quality attributes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, 100048, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, 100081, Beijing, China
| | - Guanxing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, 100048, Beijing, China
| | - Dongwen Lv
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, 100048, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Han
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, 100048, Beijing, China
| | - Zitong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, 100048, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, 100048, Beijing, China
| | - Xingguo Ye
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, 100081, Beijing, China
| | - SLK Hsam
- Division of Plant Breeding and Applied Genetics, Technical University of Munich, D-85350, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Wujun Ma
- State Agriculture Biotechnology Centre, Murdoch University; Western Australian Department of Agriculture and Food, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Rudi Appels
- State Agriculture Biotechnology Centre, Murdoch University; Western Australian Department of Agriculture and Food, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Yueming Yan
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, 100048, Beijing, China
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19
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Goryunova SV, Salentijn EMJ, Chikida NN, Kochieva EZ, van der Meer IM, Gilissen LJWJ, Smulders MJM. Expansion of the gamma-gliadin gene family in Aegilops and Triticum. BMC Evol Biol 2012; 12:215. [PMID: 23137212 PMCID: PMC3537741 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-12-215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2012] [Accepted: 10/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gamma-gliadins are considered to be the oldest of the gliadin family of storage proteins in Aegilops/Triticum. However, the expansion of this multigene family has not been studied in an evolutionary perspective. RESULTS We have cloned 59 gamma-gliadin genes from Aegilops and Triticum species (Aegilops caudata L., Aegilops comosa Sm. in Sibth. & Sm., Aegilops mutica Boiss., Aegilops speltoides Tausch, Aegilops tauschii Coss., Aegilops umbellulata Zhuk., Aegilops uniaristata Vis., and Triticum monococcum L.) representing eight different genomes: Am, B/S, C, D, M, N, T and U. Overall, 15% of the sequences contained internal stop codons resulting in pseudogenes, but this percentage was variable among genomes, up to over 50% in Ae. umbellulata. The most common length of the deduced protein, including the signal peptide, was 302 amino acids, but the length varied from 215 to 362 amino acids, both obtained from Ae. speltoides. Most genes encoded proteins with eight cysteines. However, all Aegilops species had genes that encoded a gamma-gliadin protein of 302 amino acids with an additional cysteine. These conserved nine-cysteine gamma-gliadins may perform a specific function, possibly as chain terminators in gluten network formation in protein bodies during endosperm development. A phylogenetic analysis of gamma-gliadins derived from Aegilops and Triticum species and the related genera Lophopyrum, Crithopsis, and Dasypyrum showed six groups of genes. Most Aegilops species contained gamma-gliadin genes from several of these groups, which also included sequences from the genera Lophopyrum, Crithopsis, and Dasypyrum. Hordein and secalin sequences formed separate groups. CONCLUSIONS We present a model for the evolution of the gamma-gliadins from which we deduce that the most recent common ancestor (MRCA) of Aegilops/Triticum-Dasypyrum-Lophopyrum-Crithopsis already had four groups of gamma-gliadin sequences, presumably the result of two rounds of duplication of the locus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana V Goryunova
- Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, Wageningen UR, P,O, Box 16, Wageningen, NL-6700 AA, The Netherlands
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20
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Wang S, Shen X, Ge P, Li J, Subburaj S, Li X, Zeller FJ, Hsam SLK, Yan Y. Molecular characterization and dynamic expression patterns of two types of γ-gliadin genes from Aegilops and Triticum species. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2012; 125:1371-84. [PMID: 22751951 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-012-1917-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Accepted: 06/06/2012] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Gliadins were the major components of wheat storage proteins and determine the extensibility properties of gluten dough. In this work, 19 new full-length γ-gliadin genes were isolated from various Aegilops and Triticum species. Sequence characterization showed that a specific octapeptide and celiac disease (CD)-toxic epitope Gliγ-3 (VQGQGIIQPQQPAQL) were present in the rich glutamine domain and C-terminal non-repetitive domain, respectively. Based on the sequence features of both peptides, a new classification system for γ-gliadin gene family was established, in which γ-gliadins were classified into two types (types I and II) with each consisting of two groups. An uneven distribution of different types and groups of γ-gliadin genes was exhibited among 11 Aegilops and Triticum genomes. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that types I and II genes diverged at about 14 MYA while the divergence of 4 γ-gliadin group genes occurred at around 10 MYA almost simultaneously. The γ-gliadin genes from S(l) and B genomes displayed a different transcriptional expression pattern during grain development, and rapid increasing of gliadin mRNA and proteins occurred at 15-20 DPA. In addition, genome-specific variations of CD-toxic epitopes among Aegilops and Triticum genomes were found. The A genome and its related progenitor genomes A(u) and A(m) had fewer CD epitopes than other genomes, suggesting that these genomes might be valuable gene resources to remove CD toxic peptides for wheat quality improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
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21
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Li J, Wang S, Li S, Ge P, Li X, Ma W, Zeller FJ, Hsam SLK, Yan Y. Variations and classification of toxic epitopes related to celiac disease among α-gliadin genes from four Aegilops genomes. Genome 2012; 55:513-21. [PMID: 22762506 DOI: 10.1139/g2012-038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The α-gliadins are associated with human celiac disease. A total of 23 noninterrupted full open reading frame α-gliadin genes and 19 pseudogenes were cloned and sequenced from C, M, N, and U genomes of four diploid Aegilops species. Sequence comparison of α-gliadin genes from Aegilops and Triticum species demonstrated an existence of extensive allelic variations in Gli-2 loci of the four Aegilops genomes. Specific structural features were found including the compositions and variations of two polyglutamine domains (QI and QII) and four T cell stimulatory toxic epitopes. The mean numbers of glutamine residues in the QI domain in C and N genomes and the QII domain in C, N, and U genomes were much higher than those in Triticum genomes, and the QI domain in C and N genomes and the QII domain in C, M, N, and U genomes displayed greater length variations. Interestingly, the types and numbers of four T cell stimulatory toxic epitopes in α-gliadins from the four Aegilops genomes were significantly less than those from Triticum A, B, D, and their progenitor genomes. Relationships between the structural variations of the two polyglutamine domains and the distributions of four T cell stimulatory toxic epitopes were found, resulting in the α-gliadin genes from the Aegilops and Triticum genomes to be classified into three groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, 100048 Beijing, China
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