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Tan AB, Wang H, Ji JT, Yao HY, Tang HY. Hg 2+ removal characteristics of a strain of mercury-tolerant bacteria screened from heavy metal-contaminated soil in a molybdenum-lead mining area. Int Microbiol 2024:10.1007/s10123-024-00559-x. [PMID: 39028370 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-024-00559-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the mercury-tolerant strain LTC105 was isolated from a contaminated soil sample collected from a molybdenum-lead mine in Luanchuan County, Henan Province, China. The strain was shown to be highly resistant to mercury, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 32 mg·L-1. After a 24-h incubation in LB medium with 10 mg·L-1 Hg2+, the removal, adsorption, and volatilization rates of Hg2+ were 97.37%, 7.3%, and 90.07%, respectively, indicating that the strain had significant influence on mercury removal. Based on the results of Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the investigation revealed that the primary function of LTC105 was to encourage the volatilization of mercury. The LTC105 strain also showed strong tolerance to heavy metals such as Mn2+, Zn2+, and Pb2+. According to the results of the soil incubation test, the total mercury removal rate of the LTC105 inoculation increased by 16.34% when the initial mercury concentration of the soil was 100 mg·L-1 and by 62.28% when the initial mercury concentration of the soil was 50 mg·kg-1. These findings indicate that LTC105 has certain bioremediation ability for Hg-contaminated soil and is a suitable candidate strain for microbial remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil in mining areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao-Bo Tan
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471000, China
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471000, China.
| | - Jiang-Tao Ji
- College of Agricultural Equipment Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471000, China
| | - Han-Yue Yao
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471000, China
| | - Hong-Yan Tang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471000, China
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2
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Zhang D, Han W, Zhou Y, Yan C, Wang D, Liang J, Zhou L. Feasibility of Bio-Coagulation Dewatering Followed by Bio-Oxidation Process for Treating Swine Wastewater. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2990. [PMID: 36833685 PMCID: PMC9966416 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20042990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The unsatisfactory performance of the conventional swine wastewater treatment is drawing increasing attention due to the large amount of refractory chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrogen, and phosphorus attached to the suspended solids (SS). In this study, for the first time, a novel process based on bio-coagulation dewatering followed by a bio-oxidation (BDBO) system was developed to treat swine wastewater containing high-strength SS, COD, TN, and TP. Firstly, after the bio-coagulation process, the removal efficiencies of SS, COD, NH3-N, and TP reached as high as 99.94%, 98.09%, 61.19%, and 99.92%, respectively. Secondly, the filtrate of the bio-coagulation dewatering process was introduced into the subsequent bio-oxidation process, in which the residual COD and NH3-N were further biodegraded in a sequence batch reactor. In addition, the dewatering performance of the concentrated swine slurry was substantially improved, with the specific resistance to filtration decreasing from 17.0 × 1012 to 0.3 × 1012 m/kg. Moreover, the concentrated swine slurry was pressed and filtered into a semi-dry cake after pilot-scale bio-coagulation dewatering treatment. Finally, the concentrations of COD and NH3-N in the effluent after the BDBO process, ranging between 150-170 mg/L and 75-90 mg/L, met the relevant discharge standard. Compared to traditional treatments, the BDBO system has excellent large-scale potential for improving the treatment efficiency, shortening the operation period, and reducing the processing costs, and is emerging as a cost-effective alternative for the treatment of wastewater containing high concentrations of SS, COD, TN, and TP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejin Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Weicheng Han
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yujun Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Cheng Yan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Dianzhan Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jianru Liang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lixiang Zhou
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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3
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Gan CD, Yang JY, Liu R, Li XY, Tang QX. Contrasted speciation distribution of toxic metal(loid)s and microbial community structure in vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings under dry and wet disposal methods. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 439:129624. [PMID: 35870207 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Tailing disposal technologies such as dry and wet disposal methods have a profound effect on the ecosystem of mining areas. However, the chemical speciation of metal(loid)s and microbial community structure in tailings under different disposal methods are still poorly understood. Here we compared the bioavailable fraction of metal(loid)s and the microbial community in vanadium-titanium (V-Ti) magnetite tailing profiles derived from dry and wet stockpiled methods. In wet tailings, the bioavailability of Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, V, and Zn was higher than that in dry tailings as identified by BCR sequential extraction. Especially for Cu and Ni, the oxidizable fraction was the predominant fraction except the residual fraction, accounting for 37.2-59.0% and 23.2-36.6% of the total concentration in wet tailings, respectively. Based on 16 S rRNA high-throughput sequencing, totally 12 indicator bacterial taxa were detected in dry tailings against 68 in wet tailings. As the biomarkers in wet tailings, genera Sulfuricurvum, Geobacter, and Pseudomonas were expected to be applied to the transformation of metal(loid)s in the tailings. Our results emphasize the importance of dehydration treatment of tailings before stockpiling to minimize the environmental risks caused by toxic metal(loid)s, and provide insights into the engineering application of microbial technologies in V-Ti magnetite tailing area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Dan Gan
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Yibin Institute of Industrial Technology, Sichuan University Yibin Park, Yibin 644000, China
| | - Jin-Yan Yang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Yibin Institute of Industrial Technology, Sichuan University Yibin Park, Yibin 644000, China.
| | - Rui Liu
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Yibin Institute of Industrial Technology, Sichuan University Yibin Park, Yibin 644000, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Li
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Yibin Institute of Industrial Technology, Sichuan University Yibin Park, Yibin 644000, China
| | - Qi-Xuan Tang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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Lee J, Mahandra H, Hein GA, Ramsay J, Ghahreman A. Toward Sustainable Solution for Biooxidation of Waste and Refractory Materials Using Neutrophilic and Alkaliphilic Microorganisms—A Review. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:2274-2292. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jung Lee
- Hydrometallurgy and Environment Laboratory, Robert M. Buchan Department of Mining, Queen’s University, 25 Union Street, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Harshit Mahandra
- Hydrometallurgy and Environment Laboratory, Robert M. Buchan Department of Mining, Queen’s University, 25 Union Street, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Guillermo Alvial Hein
- Hydrometallurgy and Environment Laboratory, Robert M. Buchan Department of Mining, Queen’s University, 25 Union Street, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Juliana Ramsay
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University, 19 Division Street, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Ahmad Ghahreman
- Hydrometallurgy and Environment Laboratory, Robert M. Buchan Department of Mining, Queen’s University, 25 Union Street, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
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Wang X, Hu K, Xu Q, Lu L, Liao S, Wang G. Immobilization of Cd Using Mixed Enterobacter and Comamonas Bacterial Reagents in Pot Experiments with Brassica rapa L. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:15731-15741. [PMID: 33236634 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c03114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Enterobacter sp. A11 and Comamonas sp. A23 were isolated and identified. Coculturing these two strains with Cd(II) led to the production of biofilm, H2S, and succinic acid (SA), and Cd(II) was adsorbed by cells and formed CdS precipitates. After centrifugation, 97% Cd(II) was removed from the coculture. Proteomic and metabolomic analyses of the cocultured bacteria revealed that H2S and SA production pathways, metal transportation, and TCA cycle were active under Cd(II) stress. In vitro addition of SA enhanced the production of H2S and biofilm formation and Cd(II) adsorption. Two-season greenhouse pot experiments with Brassica rapa L. were performed with and without the coculture bacteria. Compared with the control, the average Cd amounts of the two-season pot experiments of the aboveground plants were decreased by 71.3%, 62.8%, and 38.6%, and the nonbioavailable and immobilized Cd in the soils were increased by 211.8%, 213.4%, and 116.7%, for low-, medium-, and high- Cd-spiked soils, respectively. The two strains survived well in soil during plant growth using plate counting, quantitative real-time PCR, and metagenomics analysis. Our results indicate that the combination of Enterobacter and Comamonas strains with the production of H2S and biofilm are important effectors for the highly efficient immobilization of Cd.
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Yan C, Wang F, Liu H, Liu H, Pu S, Lin F, Geng H, Ma S, Zhang Y, Tian Z, Chen H, Zhou B, Yuan R. Deciphering the toxic effects of metals in gold mining area: Microbial community tolerance mechanism and change of antibiotic resistance genes. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 189:109869. [PMID: 32678731 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Mine tailing dumps represent significant threats to ecological environments due to the presence of toxic substances. The present work investigated the relationship among microbial activity, the community, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and trace metals in soil surrounding gold mine tailings. Using microbial metabolic activity and high-throughput sequencing analysis, we found the trace metals Cd and Hg could be main factors influencing the microbial community. According to bacterial co-occurrence pattern analysis, the effects of total cadmium and total mercury on bacterial diversity are potentially mediated by influencing bacteria community in the keystone module II. Additionally, most of metal-resistant bacteria belong to Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria, and the metal tolerance suggested to be linked with various functions including replication, recombination and repair, as well as inorganic ion transport and metabolism based on PICRUSt2 analysis. We also found that metals generated by mining activity may trigger the co-selection of antibiotic resistance in the phyla Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria due to co-resistance or cross resistance. Additionally, PLS-PM analysis revealed that metals could indirectly affect ARGs by influencing bacterial diversity in gold mining areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changchun Yan
- School of Energy & Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100083, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Wang
- School of Energy & Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100083, Beijing, China.
| | - Haijun Liu
- School of Resources and Environment, Anqing Normal University, 1318 Jixian North Road, 246133, Anqing, Anhui, China
| | - Huafeng Liu
- Shandong Institute of Geological Survey, 35 Jianzhuxincun South Road, Lixia District, 250014, Jinan, China
| | - Shengyan Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, 1#, Dongsanlu, Erxianqiao, 610059, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fanyu Lin
- Analytical and Testing Center, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 178 University Road, Siming District, 361000, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Huanhuan Geng
- School of Energy & Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100083, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Ma
- School of Energy & Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100083, Beijing, China
| | - Yiyue Zhang
- School of Energy & Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100083, Beijing, China
| | - Zhijun Tian
- Beijing Geo-engineering Design and Research Institute, 6 East Yuanlin Road, Miyun District, 101500, Beijing, China
| | - Huilun Chen
- School of Energy & Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100083, Beijing, China.
| | - Beihai Zhou
- School of Energy & Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100083, Beijing, China
| | - Rongfang Yuan
- School of Energy & Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100083, Beijing, China
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7
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Lee Y, Sethurajan M, van de Vossenberg J, Meers E, van Hullebusch ED. Recovery of phosphorus from municipal wastewater treatment sludge through bioleaching using Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 270:110818. [PMID: 32507739 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Conventional wastewater treatment plants remove phosphorus, which is captured in sewage sludge. Increasing attention is paid to suitable process pathways that allow recovery and recycling of phosphorus. One of the processes under investigation is acid leaching and recovery of phosphorus, but this requires considerable chemical additives, which could be avoided by stimulating acidification via microbiological processes. This study investigated phosphorus leaching from sewage sludge by biogenic sulfuric acid, using Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans. Sulfur supplementation and solid to liquid ratio were varied to examine how these factors affected phosphorus leaching yield. Chemical leaching by sulfuric acid from sewage sludge and thermally-treated sludge was conducted to compare with bioleaching from sewage sludge. Sewage sludge samples were collected from wastewater treatment plants in Ghent, Belgium, and Delft, The Netherlands. Both bioleaching and chemical leaching were conducted at laboratory scale using shake flask technique, and highest phosphorus leaching yield and time was determined using one-way ANOVA statistical tests. Biogenic sulfuric acid produced by A. thiooxidans extracted phosphorus from both sludge samples. The highest phosphorus leaching yield observed was 48 ± 0% for 17 days from Ghent samples and 57 ± 4% for 27 days from Delft samples with 5.0% (w/v) sulfur supplementation and 1.0% (w/v) solid to liquid ratio. Chemical leaching took shorter than bioleaching, but the leaching yield was lower, i.e. 41 ± 1% for 4 h from Ghent samples, 44 ± 1% for 1 h from Delft samples, 48 ± 1% for 1 h from thermally-treated Ghent samples and 51 ± 2% for 4 h from thermally-treated Delft samples. During phosphorus bioleaching, pH increase was observed during the early stage which hampered the activity of A. thiooxidans and therefore increased phosphorus leaching time. This study suggests that creating conditions for A. thiooxidans to overcome acid neutralizing capacity of sewage sludge is needed to extract phosphorus effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- YuJin Lee
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Water Technology, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, PO Box 3015, 2601, DA Delft, the Netherlands; Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Applied Ecochemistry, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000, Gent, Belgium
| | - Manivannan Sethurajan
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Water Technology, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, PO Box 3015, 2601, DA Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Jack van de Vossenberg
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Water Technology, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, PO Box 3015, 2601, DA Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Erik Meers
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Applied Ecochemistry, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000, Gent, Belgium
| | - Eric D van Hullebusch
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Water Technology, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, PO Box 3015, 2601, DA Delft, the Netherlands.
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Chen Y, Jiang Y, Huang H, Mou L, Ru J, Zhao J, Xiao S. Long-term and high-concentration heavy-metal contamination strongly influences the microbiome and functional genes in Yellow River sediments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 637-638:1400-1412. [PMID: 29801233 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The world is facing a hard battle against soil pollution such as heavy metals. Metagenome sequencing, 16S rRNA sequencing, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were used to examine microbial adaptation mechanism to contaminated sediments under natural conditions. Results showed that sediment from a tributary of the Yellow River, which was named Dongdagou River (DDG) supported less bacterial biomass and owned lower richness than sediment from Maqu (MQ), an uncontaminated site in the upper reaches of the Yellow River. Additionally, microbiome structures in these two sites were different. Metagenome sequencing and functional gene annotations revealed that sediment from DDG contains a larger number of genes related to DNA recombination, DNA damage repair, and heavy-metal resistance. KEGG pathway analysis indicated that the sediment of DDG contains a greater number of enzymes associated with heavy-metal resistance and reduction. Additionally, the bacterial phyla Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes, which harbored a larger suite of metal-resistance genes, were found to be the core functional phyla in the contaminated sediments. Furthermore, sediment in DDG owned higher viral abundance, indicating virus-mediated heavy-metal resistance gene transfer might be an adaptation mechanism. In conclusion, microbiome of sediment from DDG has evolved into an integrated system resistant to long-term heavy-metal pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Tianshuinanlu #222, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Yiming Jiang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Tianshuinanlu #222, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China; Institute of Virology (VIRO), Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Haiying Huang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Tianshuinanlu #222, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China; Institute of Virology (VIRO), Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lichao Mou
- Signal Processing in Earth Observation (SiPEO), Technische Universität München, 80333 Munich, Germany; Remote Sensing Technology Institute (IMF), German Aerospace Center (DLR), 82234 Wessling, Germany
| | - Jinlong Ru
- Department of Bioinformatics, Technische Universität München, Wissenschaftzentrum Weihenstephan, Maximus-von-Imhof-Forum 3, D-85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Jianhua Zhao
- Shanghai Majorbio Bio-pharm Technology Co., Ltd., Building 3, Lane 3399, Kangxin Road, International Medical Zone, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Shan Xiao
- Shanghai Majorbio Bio-pharm Technology Co., Ltd., Building 3, Lane 3399, Kangxin Road, International Medical Zone, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, PR China
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Fonti V, Dell'Anno A, Beolchini F. Does bioleaching represent a biotechnological strategy for remediation of contaminated sediments? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 563-564:302-319. [PMID: 27139303 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.04.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Bioleaching is a consolidated biotechnology in the mining industry and in bio-hydrometallurgy, where microorganisms mediate the solubilisation of metals and semi-metals from mineral ores and concentrates. Bioleaching also has the potential for ex-situ/on-site remediation of aquatic sediments that are contaminated with metals, which represent a key environmental issue of global concern. By eliminating or reducing (semi-)metal contamination of aquatic sediments, bioleaching may represent an environmentally friendly and low-cost strategy for management of contaminated dredged sediments. Nevertheless, the efficiency of bioleaching in this context is greatly influenced by several abiotic and biotic factors. These factors need to be carefully taken into account before selecting bioleaching as a suitable remediation strategy. Here we review the application of bioleaching for sediment bioremediation, and provide a critical view of the main factors that affect its performance. We also discuss future research needs to improve bioleaching strategies for contaminated aquatic sediments, in view of large-scale applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Fonti
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Antonio Dell'Anno
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesca Beolchini
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
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10
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Hocheng H, Su C, Jadhav UU. Bioleaching of metals from steel slag by Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans culture supernatant. CHEMOSPHERE 2014; 117:652-657. [PMID: 25461931 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.09.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Revised: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The generation of 300–500 kg of slag per ton of the steel produced is a formidable amount of solid waste available for treatment. They usually contain considerable quantities of valuable metals. In this sense, they may become either important secondary resource if processed in eco-friendly manner for secured supply of contained metals or potential pollutants, if not treated properly. It is possible to recover metals from steel slag by applying bioleaching process. Electric arc furnace (EAF) slag sample was used for bioleaching of metals. In the present study, before bioleaching experiment water washing of an EAF slag was carried out. This reduced slag pH from 11.2 to 8.3. Culture supernatants of Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans (At. thiooxidans), Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans (At. ferrooxidans), and Aspergillus niger (A. niger) were used for metal solubilization. At. thiooxidans culture supernatant containing 0.016 M sulfuric acid was found most effective for bioleaching of metals from an EAF slag. Maximum metal extraction was found for Mg (28%), while it was least for Mo (0.1%) in six days. Repeated bioleaching cycles increased metal recovery from 28% to 75%, from 14% to 60% and from 11% to 27%, for Mg, Zn and Cu respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Hocheng
- Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd., 30013 Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC.
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11
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Shen S, Rao R, Wang J. Application of indigenous sulfur-oxidizing bacteria from municipal wastewater to selectively bioleach phosphorus from high-phosphorus iron ore: effect of particle size. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2013; 34:173-180. [PMID: 23530328 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2012.689363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The effects of ore particle size on selectively bioleaching phosphorus (P) from high-phosphorus iron ore were studied. The average contents of P and Fe in the iron ore were 1.06 and 47.90% (w/w), respectively. The particle sizes of the ores used ranged from 58 to 3350 microm. It was found that the indigenous sulfur-oxidizing bacteria from municipal wastewater could grow well in the slurries of solid high-phosphorus iron ore and municipal wastewater. The minimum bioleaching pH reached for the current work was 0.33. The P content in bioleached iron ore reduced slightly with decreasing particle size, while the removal percentage of Fe decreased appreciably with decreasing particle size. The optimal particle size fraction was 58-75 microm, because the P content in bioleached iron ore reached a minimum of 0.16% (w/w), the removal percentage of P attained a maximum of 86.7%, while the removal percentage of Fe dropped to a minimum of 1.3% and the Fe content in bioleached iron ore was a maximum of 56.4% (w/w) in this case. The iron ores thus obtained were suitable to be used in the iron-making process. The removal percentage of ore solid decreased with decreasing particle size at particle size range of 106-3350 microm. The possible reasons resulting in above phenomena were explored in the current work. It was inferred that the particle sizes of the iron ore used in this work have no significant effect on the viability of the sulfur-oxidizing bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaobo Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China.
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12
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Wang J, Shen S, Kang J, Li H, Guo Z. Effect of ore solid concentration on the bioleaching of phosphorus from high-phosphorus iron ores using indigenous sulfur-oxidizing bacteria from municipal wastewater. Process Biochem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2010.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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13
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Bayat B, Sari B. Comparative evaluation of microbial and chemical leaching processes for heavy metal removal from dewatered metal plating sludge. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2010; 174:763-769. [PMID: 19880247 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.09.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2008] [Revised: 06/23/2009] [Accepted: 09/24/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the study described in this paper was to evaluate the application of bioleaching technique involving Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans to recover heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Ni, Pb, Cd and Cr) in dewatered metal plating sludge (with no sulfide or sulfate compounds). The effect of some conditional parameters (i.e. pH, oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), sulfate production) and operational parameters (i.e. pulp density of the sludge and agitation time) were investigated in a 3l completely mixed batch (CMB) reactor. The metal recovery yields in bioleaching were also compared with chemical leaching of the sludge waste using commercial inorganic acids (sulfuric acids and ferric chloride). The leaching of heavy metals increased with decreasing of pH and increasing of ORP and sulfate production during the bioleaching experiment. Optimum pulp density for bioleaching was observed at 2% (w/v), and leaching efficiency decreased with increasing pulp density in bioleaching experiments. Maximum metal solubilization (97% of Zn, 96% of Cu, 93% of Ni, 84% of Pb, 67% of Cd and 34% of Cr) was achieved at pH 2, solids contents of 2% (w/v), and a reaction temperature of 25+/-2 degrees C during the bioleaching process. The maximum removal efficiencies of 72% and 79% Zn, 70% and 75% Cu, 69% and 73% Ni, 57% and 70% Pb, 55% and 65% Cd, and 11% and 22% Cr were also attained with the chemical leaching using sulfuric acids and ferric chloride, respectively, at pH 2, solids contents of 2% (w/v), and a reaction temperature of 25+/-2 degrees C during the acid leaching processes. The rates of metal leaching for bioleaching and chemical leaching are well described by a kinetic equation related to time. Although bioleaching generally requires a longer period of operation compared to chemical leaching, it achieves higher removal efficiency for heavy metals. The efficiency of leaching processes can be arranged in descending order as follows: bioleaching>ferric chloride leaching>sulfuric acid leaching. These results suggest that bioleaching may be an alternative or adjunct to conventional physicochemical treatment of dewatered metal plating sludge for the removal hazardous heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belgin Bayat
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Cukurova University, Balcali, Adana 01330, Turkey.
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Narayanan R, Sreekrishnan TR. A two-stage process for simultaneous thermophilic sludge digestion, pathogen control and metal leaching. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2009; 30:21-26. [PMID: 19213462 DOI: 10.1080/09593330802422514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A consortium of aerobic sulphur oxidizing microorganisms native to municipal sewage sludge has been developed that is capable of reducing the pH of sludge from 7.0 to 2.0 under mild-thermophilic (45 degrees C) temperatures. This mild-thermophilic, acidophilic acclimatized consortium has then been used to develop a thermophilic acidophilic culture capable of reducing the pH of municipal sewage sludge from 7.0 to 4.8 at 60 degrees C. Furthermore, these two cultures have been used to develop a novel two-stage aerobic process functioning under thermophilic and mild-thermophilic conditions capable of simultaneous sludge digestion, pathogen control and metal leaching. Studies with 1.5 L reactors indicate that at the end of the process, concentration of volatile suspended solids has stabilized, no coliforms are present, and 90-98% copper, 90-94% manganese and 95-100% zinc has been leached.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Narayanan
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
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Nareshkumar R, Nagendran R, Parvathi K. Bioleaching of heavy metals from contaminated soil using Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans: effect of sulfur/soil ratio. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-007-9639-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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16
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Fang D, Jin CJ, Zhou LX. Removal of Cr from tannery sludge by indigenous sulfur-oxidizing bacteria. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2007; 42:2065-2069. [PMID: 17990170 DOI: 10.1080/10934520701631670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to examine Cr removal from tannery sludge by bioleaching method using indigenous sulfur-oxidizing bacteria with special emphasis on the influence of bioleaching process on sludge settleability. Chemical leaching with sulfuric acid was designed as the control. The results showed that the inoculation of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria and the addition of elemental sulfur were effective in removing Cr from tannery sludge. After 144 hours of bioleaching, 98% of Cr could be leached. Although it took only 8 hours to reduce the sludge pH from 7.8 to about 2.0 by chemical leaching as compared to 144 hours for bioleaching treatment, chemical leaching removed only 91% of the total Cr. Regardless of bioleaching and chemical leaching treatments, sludge settleability improved considerably with a decrease in sludge pH. Bioleaching treatment performed better than chemical leaching in terms of the percentage of settled sludge and the effluent suspended solids (ESS) content in sludge supernatant. Nevertheless, further work should be carried out to investigate the precise mechanisms leading to such enhanced sludge settleability during sludge bioleaching process.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Fang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266 100, PR
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Park HS, Lee JU, Ahn JW. The effects of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans on the leaching of cobalt and strontium adsorbed onto soil particles. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2007; 29:303-12. [PMID: 17508258 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-007-9095-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Bioleaching from soil artificially contaminated with analogues of radionuclides, Co and Sr, was carried out using a Fe-oxidizing bacterium, Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. Due to bacterial metabolism, the pH and dissolved Fe(3+) concentration in a biotic slurry decreased and increased respectively, over time, but the concentrations of Co and Sr extracted from the soil showed no significant enhancement compared with those under abiotic control. In both cases, Co and Sr were leached from the soil during the initial period of the experiment, due to the initially low solution pH of 2.0, and the dissolved concentrations remained almost constant for the duration of the experiment (300 h). Since oxidation of Fe(2+) by A. ferrooxidans led to the production of Fe precipitates and colloidal suspensions, the Co and Sr extracted into solution were most likely re-adsorbed onto the Fe solids. Also, A. ferrooxidans, without an external supply of Fe(2+), extracted almost equal or greater amounts of Co and Sr from the soil than when Fe(2+) was supplied. Under the same leaching conditions, the extent of Sr removal was much lower than that of Co. On the contrary to the high efficiency of microbial metal leaching in biohydrometallurgy for low-graded sulfide ores, which has been widely documented, conventional bioleaching techniques with A. ferrooxidans supplied with enough Fe(2+) showed low efficiency for the removal of radionuclides loosely bound onto soil particle surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Sung Park
- Microbial Geochemistry Lab, Department of Geosystem Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Korea
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Kumar RN, Nagendran R. Influence of initial pH on bioleaching of heavy metals from contaminated soil employing indigenous Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans. CHEMOSPHERE 2007; 66:1775-81. [PMID: 16979697 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.07.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2006] [Revised: 07/28/2006] [Accepted: 07/30/2006] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Bioleaching of heavy metals from contaminated soil was carried out employing indigenous sulfur oxidizing bacterium Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans. Experiments were carried out to assess the influence of initial pH of the system on bioleaching of chromium, zinc, copper, lead and cadmium from metal contaminated soil. pH at the end of four weeks of bioleaching at different initial pH of 3-7 was between 0.9 and 1.3, ORP between 567 and 617mV and sulfate production was in the range of 6090-8418mgl(-1). Chromium, zinc, copper, lead and cadmium solubilization ranged from "59% to 98%" at different initial pH. A. thiooxidans was not affected by the increasing pH of the bioleaching system towards neutral and it was able to utilize elemental sulfur. The results of the present study are encouraging to develop the bioleaching process for decontamination of heavy metal contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Naresh Kumar
- Centre for Environmental Studies, Anna University, Chennai 600 025, India
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Lavalle L, Chiacchiarini P, Pogliani C, Donati E. Isolation and characterization of acidophilic bacteria from Patagonia, Argentina. Process Biochem 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2004.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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20
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Liu HL, Lan YW, Cheng YC. Optimal production of sulphuric acid by Thiobacillus thiooxidans using response surface methodology. Process Biochem 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2003.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Lors C, Tiffreau C, Laboudigue A. Effects of bacterial activities on the release of heavy metals from contaminated dredged sediments. CHEMOSPHERE 2004; 56:619-630. [PMID: 15212904 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2003] [Revised: 02/27/2004] [Accepted: 04/20/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The potential impact of indigenous bacterial processes on the release of heavy metals from dredged sediment deposits was investigated. Batch re-suspension experiments were conducted in order to investigate the release of Zn, Cd, Cu and Pb from a polluted anoxic sediment submitted to oxidative perturbations. The concentrations of heavy metals, sulphate and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) were periodically recorded, and cell counts were performed to follow the evolution of several bacterial species. The specific effects of microbial processes were quantified by performing re-suspension assays on sterilised samples. Moreover, the effect of an initial acidification of the system was studied. The results showed that metal release was mainly due to oxidation of sulphide minerals contained in the sediment. Sulphur-oxidising bacteria such as Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans were identified to play a major role in the process, by enhancing the oxidation kinetic. However, the acid production resulting from these reactions was almost totally buffered by the dissolution of the calcite present in the sediment. Copper was released to a lesser extent, and a strong association with organic matter was observed. Lead was not observed in solution, because of its low solubility at neutral conditions and of its re-adsorption on the solid phase. The initial acidification of the system resulted in an faster growth of the acidophilic A. thiooxidans. A subsequent pH drop originating from microbial processes was then observed during the first stages of the experiment. As a consequence, drastic increases in metal (Zn, Cd) release were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Lors
- CNRSSP, BP 537, 930 Boulevard Lahure, 59505 Douai Cedex, France.
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Chen SY, Lin JG. Bioleaching of heavy metals from contaminated sediment by indigenous sulfur-oxidizing bacteria in an air-lift bioreactor: effects of sulfur concentration. WATER RESEARCH 2004; 38:3205-3214. [PMID: 15276736 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2004.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2003] [Revised: 04/16/2004] [Accepted: 04/30/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The effects of sulfur concentration on the bioleaching of heavy metals from the sediment by indigenous sulfur-oxidizing bacteria were investigated in an air-lift reactor. Increasing the sulfur concentration from 0.5 to 5 g/l enhanced the rates of pH reduction, sulfate production and metal solubilization. A Michaelis-Menten type equation was used to explain the relationships between sulfur concentration, sulfate production and metal solubilization in the bioleaching process. After 8 days of bioleaching, 97-99% of Cu, 96-98% of Zn, 62-68% of Mn, 73-87% of Ni and 31-50% of Pb were solubilized from the sediment, respectively. The efficiency of metal solubilization was found to be related to the speciation of metal in the sediment. From economical consideration, the recommended sulfur dosage for the bioleaching of metals from the sediment is 3g/l.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen-Yi Chen
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, 75 Po-Ai Street, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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Ryu HW, Moon HS, Lee EY, Cho KS, Choi H. Leaching characteristics of heavy metals from sewage sludge by Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans MET. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 2003; 32:751-759. [PMID: 12809275 DOI: 10.2134/jeq2003.7510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
An acidophilic, sulfur-oxidizing Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans MET bacterium was isolated from anaerobically digested, dewatered sewage sludge. This bacterium showed sulfur-oxidizing ability at both acidic and neutral conditions, and allowed metal leaching even at a high (130 g L(-1)) sludge solids concentration. We found that low metal leaching efficiency at high solids concentration was mainly due to an increase in buffering capacity resulting in retardation of pH reduction. Therefore, metal leaching was mainly influenced not by sludge solids concentration, but by the pH (or sulfate concentration per unit sludge mass) of the sludge solutions. The relationship between the pH of the sludge solution and the efficiency of metal leaching was obtained by quantitatively investigating the effect of pH reduction or the amount of sulfate produced per unit sludge mass on leaching of each metal. Furthermore, the relationship between total metal content in the sludge and metal leached to the solution was obtained for each metal. Such a relationship allowed estimation of leachable metal at various amounts of total metal content in sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- H W Ryu
- Dep. of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Soongsil Univ., 1-1 Sangdo-dong, Dong-jak-gu, Seoul 156-743, Korea
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Chan L, Gu X, Wong J. Comparison of bioleaching of heavy metals from sewage sludge using iron- and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1093-0191(02)00050-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Chen SY, Chiu YC, Chang PL, Lin JG. Assessment of recoverable forms of sulfur particles used in bioleaching of contaminated sediments. WATER RESEARCH 2003; 37:450-458. [PMID: 12502074 DOI: 10.1016/s0043-1354(02)00293-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The use of recoverable sulfur particles will enhance the feasibility and reduce the cost of bioleaching process. Three different forms of sulfur particles, powder, pastilles and pellets were used to study the utilization and recovery of sulfur, used as energy source for thiobacilli in the bioleaching process. The Langmuir isotherm was used to explain the adsorption equilibrium existing between the sorbed and suspended bacteria and the maximum adsorption capacity obtained from the Langmuir isotherm was utilized to determine the specific surface area of the sulfur particles. The specific surface area of sulfur particles was found to be the determining factor in the bioleaching process and not the particle size. The rates of pH reduction, sulfate production and metal solubilization increased with increasing specific surface area of the particles. The pH reduction and metal solubilization were significantly enhanced by the reuse of recovered sulfur particles. The efficiency of metal solubilization with recovered sulfur pastilles was comparable to that with sulfur powder. This study revealed the practicability of reusing the recovered sulfur pastilles in the bioleaching process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen-Yi Chen
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, 75 Po-Ai Street, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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Shen SB, Vidyarthi AS, Tyagi RD, Blais JF, Surampalli RY. Effect of Sulphur Concentration on Bioleaching of Cr(III) and Other Metals from Tannery Sludge by Indigenous Sulphur-Oxidizing Bacteria. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1061/(asce)1090-025x(2002)6:4(244)] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Abstract
Bioleaching process, which causes acidification and solubilization of heavy metals, is one of the promising methods for removing heavy metals from contaminated sediments. The solubilization of heavy metals from contaminated sediments is governed by the sediment pH. In the present study, the significance of pH in bioleaching of heavy metals from contaminated sediment was evaluated at different solid contents of sediments in a bench-scale reactor. Results showed that a temporal change of pH in the bioleaching process was effected by the buffering capacity of the sediment particulates. The variations of pH in this bioleaching process were calculated by a modified logistic model. It was observed that solubilization of heavy metals from sediments is highly pH-dependent. In addition, a non-linear equation for metal solubilization relating pH value in the bioleaching process was established. This allows an easier and faster estimate of metal solubilization by measuring pH in the bioleaching process.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Chen
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
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Blais JF, Shooner F, Tyagi RD, Munier N, Vidyarthi AS, Surampalli RY. Class A Pathogen Reduction in the SSDML Process. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1061/(asce)1090-025x(2001)5:2(48)] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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29
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Chen SY, Lin JG. Effect of substrate concentration on bioleaching of metal-contaminated sediment. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2001; 82:77-89. [PMID: 11165063 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3894(00)00357-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The remediation of metal-contaminated sediment was studied using the bioleaching process with a mixed culture of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria. The effects of substrate concentration (elemental sulfur) on sediment acidification, sulfur oxidation and metal solubilization from contaminated sediment during the bioleaching process were investigated with free-cell suspensions. Sulfur concentration greater than 0.5% (w/v) was found to be inhibitory to bacterial activity and metal solubilization from sediment. The sulfate production was well described by a substrate inhibition expression and Haldane's equation. In addition, an empirical equation related to sulfur concentration was also used to describe the metal solubilization in the bioleaching process.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Chen
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, 75 Po-Ai Street, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
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Shooner F, Tyagi RD. Microbial ecology of simultaneous thermophilic microbial leaching and digestion of sewage sludge. Can J Microbiol 1995; 41:1071-80. [PMID: 8542551 DOI: 10.1139/m95-150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The microbial population encountered during a simultaneous thermophilic microbial leaching and digestion process at 50 degrees C, based on microbial sulfur oxidation, was investigated. The cell count of the sulfuric acid producer Thiobacillus thermosulfatus increased, followed by a decrease. In the absence of sulfur (control: conventional thermophilic digestion), Thiobacillus thermosulfatus population decreased under the detection limit. Acidophilic and neutrophilic heterotrophic populations increased during the leaching process, and the final acidophilic population count was higher than the neutrophilic population. During the thermophilic digestion (control), the final neutrophilic population count was higher than the acidophilic. Six heterotrophic bacterial strains were isolated and partially characterized. Bacillus was the most predominant genus. The type of bacterial populations in thermophilic microbial leaching and digestion, as well as the thermophilic digestion process (control), were the same, while only the relative concentrations changed. In both processes, the bacterial indicators decreased under the detection limit after 12 h. Mesophilic heterotrophic population was more affected by the thermophilic microbial leaching process than by thermophilic digestion. Sludge mineralization was probably more influenced by the final cell concentration rather than the presence of an individual species or mixed population.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Shooner
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS-EAU), Université du Québec, Sainte-Foy, Canada
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Strasser H, Brunner H, Schinner F. Leaching of iron and toxic heavy metals from anaerobically-digested sewage sludge. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01569940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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35
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Blais JF, Tyagi R, Meunier N, Auclair J. The production of extracellular appendages during bacterial colonization of elemental sulphur. Process Biochem 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0032-9592(94)85016-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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36
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Tyagi RD, Couillard D, Grenier Y. Effects of medium composition on the bacterial leaching of metals from digested sludge. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 1991; 71:57-67. [PMID: 15092128 DOI: 10.1016/0269-7491(91)90044-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/1990] [Revised: 08/20/1990] [Accepted: 11/21/1990] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The effects of parameters (soluble iron, K(2)HPO(4), MgSO(4), Ca(NO(3))(2), KCl and (NH(4))(2)SO(4)) on bacterial leaching of heavy metals from anaerobically digested sludge have been studied in a batch process using a strain of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans. The sludge was found to be a deficient iron source. Metal leaching rate was increased proportionally with the ferrous iron. Amendment of the sludge with a nitrogen source increased the metal solubilization efficiency to a very small extent. Addition of phosphate and other nutrients did not show any effect on the microbial leaching rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- R D Tyagi
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS-Eau), Université du Québec, Complexe Scientifique, 700 rue Einstein, Ste-Foy, Canada G1V 4C7
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