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Álvarez-Santos MD, Álvarez-González M, Eslava-De-Jesus E, González-López A, Pacheco-Alba I, Pérez-Del-Valle Y, Rojas-Madrid R, Bazán-Perkins B. Role of airway smooth muscle cell phenotypes in airway tone and obstruction in guinea pig asthma model. ALLERGY, ASTHMA, AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CANADIAN SOCIETY OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 18:3. [PMID: 35016714 PMCID: PMC8753847 DOI: 10.1186/s13223-022-00645-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Airway obstruction (AO) in asthma is driven by airway smooth muscle (ASM) contraction. AO can be induced extrinsically by direct stimulation of ASM with contractile agonists as histamine, or by indirect provocation with antigens as ovalbumin, while the airway tone is dependent on intrinsic mechanisms. The association of the ASM phenotypes involved in different types of AO and airway tone in guinea pigs was evaluated. Methods Guinea pigs were sensitized to ovalbumin and challenged with antigen. In each challenge, the maximum OA response to ovalbumin was determined, and before the challenges, the tone of the airways. At third challenge, airway responsiveness (AR) to histamine was evaluated and ASM cells from trachea were disaggregated to determinate: (a) by flow cytometry, the percentage of cells that express transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), interleukin-13 (IL-13) and sarco-endoplasmic Ca2+ ATPase-2b (SERCA2b), (b) by RT-PCR, the SERCA2B gene expression, (c) by ELISA, reduced glutathione (GSH) and, (d) Ca2+ sarcoplasmic reticulum refilling rate by microfluorometry. Control guinea pig group received saline instead ovalbumin. Results Antigenic challenges in sensitized guinea pigs induced indirect AO, AR to histamine and increment in airway tone at third challenge. No relationship was observed between AO induced by antigen and AR to histamine with changes in airway tone. The extent of antigen-induced AO was associated with both, TGF-β1 expression in ASM and AR degree. The magnitude of AR and antigen-induced AO showed an inverse correlation with GSH levels in ASM. The airway tone showed an inverse association with SERCA2b expression. Conclusions Our data suggest that each type of AO and airway tone depends on different ASM phenotypes: direct and indirect AO seems to be sensitive to the level of oxidative stress; indirect obstruction induced by antigen appears to be influenced by the expression of TGF-β1 and the SERCA2b expression level plays a role in the airway tone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayra D Álvarez-Santos
- Biology Area, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marisol Álvarez-González
- Laboratorio de Inmunofarmacología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Eslava-De-Jesus
- Laboratorio de Inmunofarmacología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Angel González-López
- Laboratorio de Inmunofarmacología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ivonne Pacheco-Alba
- Laboratorio de Inmunofarmacología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yazmín Pérez-Del-Valle
- Laboratorio de Inmunofarmacología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rodrigo Rojas-Madrid
- Laboratorio de Inmunofarmacología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Blanca Bazán-Perkins
- Laboratorio de Inmunofarmacología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico. .,Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, 14380, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Vargas A, Peltier A, Dubé J, Lefebvre-Lavoie J, Moulin V, Goulet F, Lavoie JP. Evaluation of contractile phenotype in airway smooth muscle cells isolated from endobronchial biopsy and tissue specimens from horses. Am J Vet Res 2017; 78:359-370. [DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.78.3.359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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3
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Kumawat K, Koopmans T, Menzen MH, Prins A, Smit M, Halayko AJ, Gosens R. Cooperative signaling by TGF-β1 and WNT-11 drives sm-α-actin expression in smooth muscle via Rho kinase-actin-MRTF-A signaling. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2016; 311:L529-37. [PMID: 27422998 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00387.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Airway smooth muscle (ASM) remodeling is a key feature in asthma and includes changes in smooth muscle-specific gene and protein expression. Despite this being a major contributor to asthma pathobiology, our understanding of the mechanisms governing ASM remodeling remains poor. Here, we studied the functional interaction between WNT-11 and TGF-β1 in ASM cells. We demonstrate that WNT-11 is preferentially expressed in contractile myocytes and is strongly upregulated following TGF-β1-induced myocyte maturation. Knock-down of WNT-11 attenuated TGF-β1-induced smooth muscle (sm)-α-actin expression in ASM cells. We demonstrate that TGF-β1-induced sm-α-actin expression is mediated by WNT-11 via RhoA activation and subsequent actin cytoskeletal remodeling, as pharmacological inhibition of either Rho kinase by Y27632 or actin remodeling by latrunculin A attenuated sm-α-actin induction. Moreover, we show that TGF-β1 regulates the nuclear expression of myocardin-related transcription factor-A (MRTF-A) in a Rho kinase-dependent fashion, which in turn mediates sm-α-actin expression. Finally, we demonstrate that TGF-β1-induced MRTF-A nuclear translocation is dependent on endogenous WNT-11. The present study thus demonstrates a WNT-11-dependent Rho kinase-actin-MRTF-A signaling axis that regulates the expression of sm-α-actin in ASM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuldeep Kumawat
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University of Groningen, the Netherlands; and
| | - Tim Koopmans
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University of Groningen, the Netherlands; and
| | - Mark H Menzen
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University of Groningen, the Netherlands; and
| | - Alita Prins
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marieke Smit
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University of Groningen, the Netherlands; and
| | - Andrew J Halayko
- Departments of Physiology and Pathophysiology & Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Reinoud Gosens
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University of Groningen, the Netherlands; and
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4
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Sharma P, Basu S, Mitchell RW, Stelmack GL, Anderson JE, Halayko AJ. Role of dystrophin in airway smooth muscle phenotype, contraction and lung function. PLoS One 2014; 9:e102737. [PMID: 25054970 PMCID: PMC4108318 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2013] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dystrophin links the transmembrane dystrophin-glycoprotein complex to the actin cytoskeleton. We have shown that dystrophin-glycoprotein complex subunits are markers for airway smooth muscle phenotype maturation and together with caveolin-1, play an important role in calcium homeostasis. We tested if dystrophin affects phenotype maturation, tracheal contraction and lung physiology. We used dystrophin deficient Golden Retriever dogs (GRMD) and mdx mice vs healthy control animals in our approach. We found significant reduction of contractile protein markers: smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (smMHC) and calponin and reduced Ca2+ response to contractile agonist in dystrophin deficient cells. Immunocytochemistry revealed reduced stress fibers and number of smMHC positive cells in dystrophin-deficient cells, when compared to control. Immunoblot analysis of Akt1, GSK3β and mTOR phosphorylation further revealed that downstream PI3K signaling, which is essential for phenotype maturation, was suppressed in dystrophin deficient cell cultures. Tracheal rings from mdx mice showed significant reduction in the isometric contraction to methacholine (MCh) when compared to genetic control BL10ScSnJ mice (wild-type). In vivo lung function studies using a small animal ventilator revealed a significant reduction in peak airway resistance induced by maximum concentrations of inhaled MCh in mdx mice, while there was no change in other lung function parameters. These data show that the lack of dystrophin is associated with a concomitant suppression of ASM cell phenotype maturation in vitro, ASM contraction ex vivo and lung function in vivo, indicating that a linkage between the DGC and the actin cytoskeleton via dystrophin is a determinant of the phenotype and functional properties of ASM.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Blotting, Western
- Cells, Cultured
- Dogs
- Dystrophin/deficiency
- Dystrophin/genetics
- Dystrophin/physiology
- Immunohistochemistry
- Lung/metabolism
- Lung/physiology
- Methacholine Chloride/pharmacology
- Mice, Inbred mdx
- Mice, Knockout
- Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
- Microscopy, Fluorescence
- Muscle Contraction/genetics
- Muscle Contraction/physiology
- Muscle, Smooth/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth/physiology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/cytology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/physiology
- Myosin Heavy Chains/metabolism
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism
- Respiratory System/cytology
- Respiratory System/metabolism
- Respiratory System/ultrastructure
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- Signal Transduction/physiology
- Trachea/drug effects
- Trachea/metabolism
- Trachea/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawan Sharma
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- CIHR National Training Program in Allergy and Asthma, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Biology of Breathing Group, Manitoba Institute of Child Health, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Sujata Basu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Biology of Breathing Group, Manitoba Institute of Child Health, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Richard W. Mitchell
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Biology of Breathing Group, Manitoba Institute of Child Health, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Gerald L. Stelmack
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Biology of Breathing Group, Manitoba Institute of Child Health, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Judy E. Anderson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Andrew J. Halayko
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Section of Respiratory Disease, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- CIHR National Training Program in Allergy and Asthma, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Biology of Breathing Group, Manitoba Institute of Child Health, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- * E-mail:
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5
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Gosens R, Stelmack GL, Bos ST, Dueck G, Mutawe MM, Schaafsma D, Unruh H, Gerthoffer WT, Zaagsma J, Meurs H, Halayko AJ. Caveolin-1 is required for contractile phenotype expression by airway smooth muscle cells. J Cell Mol Med 2011; 15:2430-42. [PMID: 21199324 PMCID: PMC3822954 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2010.01246.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2010] [Accepted: 12/14/2010] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Airway smooth muscle cells exhibit phenotype plasticity that underpins their ability to contribute both to acute bronchospasm and to the features of airway remodelling in chronic asthma. A feature of mature, contractile smooth muscle cells is the presence of abundant caveolae, plasma membrane invaginations that develop from the association of lipid rafts with caveolin-1, but the functional role of caveolae and caveolin-1 in smooth muscle phenotype plasticity is unknown. Here, we report a key role for caveolin-1 in promoting phenotype maturation of differentiated airway smooth muscle induced by transforming growth factor (TGF)-β(1). As assessed by Western analysis and laser scanning cytometry, caveolin-1 protein expression was selectively enriched in contractile phenotype airway myocytes. Treatment with TGF-β(1) induced profound increases in the contractile phenotype markers sm-α-actin and calponin in cells that also accumulated abundant caveolin-1; however, siRNA or shRNAi inhibition of caveolin-1 expression largely prevented the induction of these contractile phenotype marker proteins by TGF-β(1). The failure by TGF-β(1) to adequately induce the expression of these smooth muscle specific proteins was accompanied by a strongly impaired induction of eukaryotic initiation factor-4E binding protein(4E-BP)1 phosphorylation with caveolin-1 knockdown, indicating that caveolin-1 expression promotes TGF-β(1) signalling associated with myocyte maturation and hypertrophy. Furthermore, we observed increased expression of caveolin-1 within the airway smooth muscle bundle of guinea pigs repeatedly challenged with allergen, which was associated with increased contractile protein expression, thus providing in vivo evidence linking caveolin-1 expression with accumulation of contractile phenotype myocytes. Collectively, we identify a new function for caveolin-1 in controlling smooth muscle phenotype; this mechanism could contribute to allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinoud Gosens
- Departments of Physiology & Internal Medicine, University of ManitobaWinnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Biology of Breathing Group, Manitoba Institute of Child HealthWinnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of GroningenGroningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerald L Stelmack
- Departments of Physiology & Internal Medicine, University of ManitobaWinnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Biology of Breathing Group, Manitoba Institute of Child HealthWinnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Sophie T Bos
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of GroningenGroningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gordon Dueck
- Departments of Physiology & Internal Medicine, University of ManitobaWinnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Biology of Breathing Group, Manitoba Institute of Child HealthWinnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Mark M Mutawe
- Departments of Physiology & Internal Medicine, University of ManitobaWinnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Biology of Breathing Group, Manitoba Institute of Child HealthWinnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Dedmer Schaafsma
- Departments of Physiology & Internal Medicine, University of ManitobaWinnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Biology of Breathing Group, Manitoba Institute of Child HealthWinnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Helmut Unruh
- Section of Thoracic Surgery, University of ManitobaWinnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - William T Gerthoffer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada School of MedicineReno, NV, USA
| | - Johan Zaagsma
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of GroningenGroningen, The Netherlands
| | - Herman Meurs
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of GroningenGroningen, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew J Halayko
- Departments of Physiology & Internal Medicine, University of ManitobaWinnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Biology of Breathing Group, Manitoba Institute of Child HealthWinnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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6
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Jude JA, Solway J, Panettieri RA, Walseth TF, Kannan MS. Differential induction of CD38 expression by TNF-{alpha} in asthmatic airway smooth muscle cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2010; 299:L879-90. [PMID: 20693316 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00021.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The ADP-ribosyl cyclase activity of CD38, a membrane protein expressed in human airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells, generates cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR), a Ca²(+)-mobilizing agent. cADPR-mediated Ca²(+) responses to agonists are augmented in human ASM cells by TNF-α. CD38-deficient mice fail to develop airway hyperresponsiveness following intranasal TNF-α or IL-13 challenge, suggesting a role in asthma. The role of CD38 in human asthma remains unknown. We hypothesized that CD38 expression will be elevated in ASM cells from asthmatic donors (ASMA cells). CD38 mRNA and ADP-ribosyl cyclase activity were measured in cells maintained in growth-arrested conditions and exposed to vehicle or TNF-α (10-40 ng/ml). TNF-α-induced induction of CD38 expression was greater in ASMA than in ASM cells from nonasthmatic donors (ASMNA). In four of the six donors, basal and TNF-α-induced ERK and p38 MAPK activation were higher in ASMA than ASMNA cells. JNK MAPK activation was lower in ASMA than ASMNA cells. Nuclear NF-κB (p50 subunit) and phosphorylated c-Jun were comparable in cells from both groups, although nuclear c-Fos (part of the AP-1 complex) levels were lower in ASMA than ASMNA cells. NF-κB or AP-1 binding to their consensus sequences was comparable in ASMNA and ASMA cells, as are the decay kinetics of CD38 mRNA. The findings suggest that the differential induction of CD38 by TNF-α in ASMA cells is due to increased transcriptional regulation involving ERK and p38 MAPK activation and is independent of changes in NF-κB or AP-1 activation. The findings suggest a potential role for CD38 in the pathophysiology of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Jude
- Dept. of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Univ. of Minnesota, St. Paul, 55108, USA
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7
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Allen JE, Bischof RJ, Sucie Chang HY, Hirota JA, Hirst SJ, Inman MD, Mitzner W, Sutherland TE. Animal models of airway inflammation and airway smooth muscle remodelling in asthma. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2009; 22:455-65. [PMID: 19393759 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2009.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2008] [Revised: 12/28/2008] [Accepted: 04/14/2009] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a complex disease that involves chronic inflammation and subsequent decline in airway function. The widespread use of animal models has greatly contributed to our understanding of the cellular and molecular pathways underlying human allergic asthma. Animal models of allergic asthma include smaller animal models which offer 'ease of use' and availability of reagents, and larger animal models that may be used to address aspects of allergic airways disease not possible in humans or smaller animal models. This review examines the application and suitability of various animal models for studying mechanisms of airway inflammation and tissue remodelling in allergic asthma, with a specific focus on airway smooth muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith E Allen
- Ashworth Laboratory, Institute of Infection and Immunology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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8
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Ceresa CC, Knox AJ, Johnson SR. Use of a three-dimensional cell culture model to study airway smooth muscle-mast cell interactions in airway remodeling. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2009; 296:L1059-66. [PMID: 19346431 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.90445.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased airway smooth muscle (ASM) mass and infiltration by mast cells are key features of airway remodeling in asthma. We describe a model to investigate the relationship between ASM, the extracellular matrix, mast cells, and airway remodeling. ASM cells were cultured in a three-dimensional (3-D) collagen I gel (3-D culture) alone or with mast cells. Immunocytochemistry and Western blotting of ASM in 3-D cultures revealed a spindle-shaped morphology and significantly lower alpha-smooth muscle actin and vimentin expression than in ASM cultured in monolayers on collagen type I or plastic (2-D culture). In 3-D cultures, basal ASM proliferation, examined by Ki67 immunocytochemistry, was reduced to 33 +/- 7% (P < 0.05) of that in 2-D cultures. The presence of mast cells in cocultures increased ASM proliferation by 1.8-fold (P < 0.05). Gelatin zymography revealed more active matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 in 3-D than in 2-D culture supernatants over 7 days. Functional MMP activity was examined by gel contraction. The spontaneous gel contraction over 7 days was significantly inhibited by the MMP inhibitor ilomastat. Mast cell coculture enhanced ASM gel contraction by 22 +/- 16% (not significant). Our model shows that ASM has different morphology, with lower contractile protein expression and basal proliferation in 3-D culture. Compared with standard techniques, ASM synthetic function, as shown by MMP production and activity, is sustained over longer periods. The presence of mast cells in the 3-D model enhanced ASM proliferation and MMP production. Airway remodeling in asthma may be more accurately modeled by our system than by standard culture systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia C Ceresa
- Divisions of Therapeutics and Molecular Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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9
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Schaafsma D, Gosens R, Zaagsma J, Halayko AJ, Meurs H. Rho kinase inhibitors: A novel therapeutical intervention in asthma? Eur J Pharmacol 2008; 585:398-406. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2008.01.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2007] [Revised: 01/11/2008] [Accepted: 01/24/2008] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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10
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Xie M, Liu XS, Xu YJ, Zhang ZX, Bai J, Ni W, Chen SX. ERK1/2 signaling pathway modulates the airway smooth muscle cell phenotype in the rat model of chronic asthma. Respiration 2007; 74:680-90. [PMID: 17890845 DOI: 10.1159/000108783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2006] [Accepted: 04/23/2007] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been demonstrated that the phenotypic modulation of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) is important to the pathogenesis of airway remodeling in chronic asthma. The extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) signaling pathway is one of the most important transduction pathways involved in the process of asthma; however, its role in the phenotypic transition of ASMCs remains unclear. OBJECTIVES To examine the role of ERK1/2 in the phenotypic modulation of ASMCs in the rat model of chronic asthma. METHODS Bronchial smooth muscle strips were cultured in vitro in the presence of the ERK1/2 agonist epidermal growth factor or/and the MEK inhibitor PD98059. The phenotype of ASMCs was determined by observing these cells under an electron microscope and analyzing expression of phenotypic markers (smooth muscle alpha-actin for the contractile phenotype and osteopontin for the synthetic) by using Western blot and reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, respectively. RESULTS The phenotype of the ASMCs from the chronic asthmatic rats changed from the contractile type to the synthetic type with synthetic organelles abundantly gathered around the nucleus and altered expression of phenotypic markers. ERK1/2 was strongly expressed in the ASMCs of the chronic asthmatic rats and its activation by epidermal growth factor excessively promoted the synthetic function of ASMCs; the MEK inhibitor PD98059, however, reversed this phenotypic change in the ASMCs. CONCLUSIONS Our results reveal a key role of the ERK1/2 signaling pathway in the phenotypic modulation of ASMCs in chronic asthmatic rats, indicating that specific inhibition of ERK1/2 in ASMCs may be therapeutically valuable in the control of airway remodeling in chronic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xie
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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11
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Gosens R, Stelmack GL, Dueck G, Mutawe MM, Hinton M, McNeill KD, Paulson A, Dakshinamurti S, Gerthoffer WT, Thliveris JA, Unruh H, Zaagsma J, Halayko AJ. Caveolae facilitate muscarinic receptor-mediated intracellular Ca2+ mobilization and contraction in airway smooth muscle. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2007; 293:L1406-18. [PMID: 17890325 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00312.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Contractile responses of airway smooth muscle (ASM) determine airway resistance in health and disease. Caveolae microdomains in the plasma membrane are marked by caveolin proteins and are abundant in contractile smooth muscle in association with nanospaces involved in Ca(2+) homeostasis. Caveolin-1 can modulate localization and activity of signaling proteins, including trimeric G proteins, via a scaffolding domain. We investigated the role of caveolae in contraction and intracellular Ca(2+) ([Ca(2+)](i)) mobilization of ASM induced by the physiological muscarinic receptor agonist, acetylcholine (ACh). Human and canine ASM tissues and cells predominantly express caveolin-1. Muscarinic M(3) receptors (M(3)R) and Galpha(q/11) cofractionate with caveolin-1-rich membranes of ASM tissue. Caveolae disruption with beta-cyclodextrin in canine tracheal strips reduced sensitivity but not maximum isometric force induced by ACh. In fura-2-loaded canine and human ASM cells, exposure to methyl-beta-cyclodextrin (mbetaCD) reduced sensitivity but not maximum [Ca(2+)](i) induced by ACh. In contrast, both parameters were reduced for the partial muscarinic agonist, pilocarpine. Fluorescence microscopy revealed that mbetaCD disrupted the colocalization of caveolae-1 and M(3)R, but [N-methyl-(3)H]scopolamine receptor-binding assay revealed no effect on muscarinic receptor availability or affinity. To dissect the role of caveolin-1 in ACh-induced [Ca(2+)](i) flux, we disrupted its binding to signaling proteins using either a cell-permeable caveolin-1 scaffolding domain peptide mimetic or by small interfering RNA knockdown. Similar to the effects of mbetaCD, direct targeting of caveolin-1 reduced sensitivity to ACh, but maximum [Ca(2+)](i) mobilization was unaffected. These results indicate caveolae and caveolin-1 facilitate [Ca(2+)](i) mobilization leading to ASM contraction induced by submaximal concentrations of ACh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinoud Gosens
- Department of Physiology, University of Manitoba, John Buhler Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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12
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Godin N, Rousseau E. TRPC6 silencing in primary airway smooth muscle cells inhibits protein expression without affecting OAG-induced calcium entry. Mol Cell Biochem 2006; 296:193-201. [PMID: 16977347 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-006-9309-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2006] [Accepted: 08/11/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
TRPC proteins have been described as non-selective cation channels and are thought to be involved in the regulation of Ca(2+) movement in various cells, including airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells. In order to study the role of these channels in ASM cells, transfection of a small interfering RNA (siRNA) designed against the TRPC6 channel was performed in guinea pig primary ASM cells. This specific siRNA was complexed with the new X-TremeGene (X-TG) chemical transfection reagent, whose efficiency and low cytotoxicity were determined by the use of a non-silencing rhodamine-tagged siRNA. It was found that more than 95% of cells were transfected by an optimized protocol. Verification of TRPC6 transcript down-regulation was determined by RT-PCR while Western blot analysis attested to lower protein content in the microsomal fraction. Micro-spectrofluorimetry measurements of control and siRNA-treated cells revealed that lower TRPC6 expression did not affect OAG-induced intracellular Ca(2+) movement. Thus, TRPC6 channels cannot be defined as simple Ca(2+) transporters but more likely as protein complexes supporting monovalent cation conductance in ASM cells. These conductances would in turn facilitate membrane depolarization of high input resistance cells, Ca(2+) channel activation and tone increase. In conclusion, this study defines a valuable model of RNA interference study in primary cultures of ASM cells, eventually allowing for silencing of other target proteins for which no pharmacological modulators are currently available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Godin
- Le Bilarium, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001, 12th avenue north, J1H 5N4, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
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Tran T, McNeill KD, Gerthoffer WT, Unruh H, Halayko AJ. Endogenous laminin is required for human airway smooth muscle cell maturation. Respir Res 2006; 7:117. [PMID: 16968549 PMCID: PMC1586013 DOI: 10.1186/1465-9921-7-117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2006] [Accepted: 09/12/2006] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Airway smooth muscle (ASM) contraction underlies acute bronchospasm in asthma. ASM cells can switch between a synthetic-proliferative phenotype and a contractile phenotype. While the effects of extracellular matrix (ECM) components on modulation of ASM cells to a synthetic phenotype have been reported, the role of ECM components on maturation of ASM cells to a contractile phenotype in adult lung is unclear. As both changes in ECM components and accumulation of contractile ASM are features of airway wall remodelling in asthma, we examined the role of the ECM protein, laminin, in the maturation of contractile phenotype in human ASM cells. Methods Human ASM cells were made senescence-resistant by stable expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase. Maturation to a contractile phenotype was induced by 7-day serum deprivation, as assessed by immunoblotting for desmin and calponin. The role of laminin on ASM maturation was investigated by comparing the effects of exogenous laminin coated on culture plates, and of soluble laminin peptide competitors. Endogenous expression of laminin chains during ASM maturation was also measured. Results Myocyte binding to endogenously expressed laminin was required for ASM phenotype maturation, as laminin competing peptides (YIGSR or GRGDSP) significantly reduced desmin and calponin protein accumulation that otherwise occurs with prolonged serum deprivation. Coating of plastic cell culture dishes with different purified laminin preparations was not sufficient to further promote accumulation of desmin or calponin during 7-day serum deprivation. Expression of α2, β1 and γ1 laminin chains by ASM cells was specifically up-regulated during myocyte maturation, suggesting a key role for laminin-2 in the development of the contractile phenotype. Conclusion While earlier reports suggest exogenously applied laminin slows the spontaneous modulation of ASM to a synthetic phenotype, we show for the first time that endogenously expressed laminin is required for ASM maturation to the contractile phenotype. As endogenously expressed laminin chains α2, β1 and γ1 are uniquely increased during myocyte maturation, these laminin chains may be key in this process. Thus, human ASM maturation appears to involve regulated endogenous expression of a select set of laminin chains that are essential for accumulation of contractile phenotype myocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thai Tran
- Departments of Physiology and Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Biology of Breathing Group, Manitoba Institute of Child Health, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- CIHR National Training Program in Allergy and Asthma, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Karol D McNeill
- Departments of Physiology and Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Biology of Breathing Group, Manitoba Institute of Child Health, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- CIHR National Training Program in Allergy and Asthma, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - William T Gerthoffer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV, USA
| | - Helmut Unruh
- Section of Thoracic Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Andrew J Halayko
- Departments of Physiology and Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Biology of Breathing Group, Manitoba Institute of Child Health, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- CIHR National Training Program in Allergy and Asthma, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Section of Respiratory Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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Gosens R, Stelmack GL, Dueck G, McNeill KD, Yamasaki A, Gerthoffer WT, Unruh H, Gounni AS, Zaagsma J, Halayko AJ. Role of caveolin-1 in p42/p44 MAP kinase activation and proliferation of human airway smooth muscle. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2006; 291:L523-34. [PMID: 16617096 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00013.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic airways diseases, including asthma, are associated with an increased airway smooth muscle (ASM) mass, which may contribute to chronic airway hyperresponsiveness. Increased muscle mass is due, in part, to increased ASM proliferation, although the precise molecular mechanisms for this response are not completely clear. Caveolae, which are abundant in smooth muscle cells, are membrane microdomains where receptors and signaling effectors can be sequestered. We hypothesized that caveolae and caveolin-1 play an important regulatory role in ASM proliferation. Therefore, we investigated their role in p42/p44 MAPK signaling and proliferation using human ASM cell lines. Disruption of caveolae using methyl-beta-cyclodextrin and small interfering (si)RNA-knockdown of caveolin-1 caused spontaneous p42/p44 MAPK activation; additionally, caveolin-1 siRNA induced ASM proliferation in mitogen deficient conditions, suggesting a key role for caveolae and caveolin-1 in maintaining quiescence. Moreover, caveolin-1 accumulates twofold in myocytes induced to a contractile phenotype compared with proliferating ASM cells. Caveolin-1 siRNA failed to increase PDGF-induced p42/p44 MAPK activation and cell proliferation, however, indicating that PDGF stimulation actively reversed the antimitogenic control by caveolin-1. Notably, the PDGF induced loss of antimitogenic control by caveolin-1 coincided with a marked increase in caveolin-1 phosphorylation. Furthermore, the strong association of PDGF receptor-beta with caveolin-1 that exists in quiescent cells was rapidly and markedly reduced with agonist addition. This suggests a dynamic relationship in which mitogen stimulation actively reverses caveolin-1 suppression of p42/p44 MAPK signal transduction. As such, caveolae and caveolin-1 coordinate PDGF receptor signaling, leading to myocyte proliferation, and inhibit constitutive activity of p42/p44 MAPK to sustain cell quiescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinoud Gosens
- Department of Physiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
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Govindaraju V, Martin JG, Maghni K, Ferraro P, Michoud MC. The effects of extracellular purines and pyrimidines on human airway smooth muscle cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2005; 315:941-8. [PMID: 16099930 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.105.089698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular ATP and UTP modulate the function of many cell types through the stimulation of specific P2 receptors, and the inhalation of UTP has been proposed as a therapeutic means of increasing mucociliary clearance in cystic fibrosis patients. The aim of this study was to determine whether P2 receptors are present and functional in human airway smooth muscle (HASM) cells. Experiments were conducted on primary cultures of HASM cells. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis showed that P2Y(1), P2Y(2), P2Y(4), and P2Y(6) receptor subtypes are expressed. Exposure to extracellular ATP, UTP, ADP, and UDP at concentrations ranging from 10(-6) to 10(-4) M, produced significant increases in intracellular Ca(2+) that peaked to 491 +/- 51 nM (p < 0.001) with ATP 10(-5) M and to 321 +/- 30 nM with UTP 10(-4) M. ATP and UTP also induced HASM cell contraction, decreasing cell length by 9.9 +/- 4.3 and 5.6 +/- 2.0%, respectively. Pretreatment of the cells with UTP for short periods of time (10 and 30 min) enhanced the peak Ca(2+) release to UTP, whereas repeated and prolonged pretreatment with UTP decreased it. These results indicate that several subtypes of P2Y receptors are present and functional in HASM cells. They also show that the response of the receptors is increased after short periods of exposure to UTP and decreased after prolonged and repeated exposure. Considering that ATP and UTP are endogenous mediators and that analogs of UTP could be used as a therapeutic modality, the role of extracellular triphosphate nucleotides in physiological and pathophysiological processes in the airways warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasanthi Govindaraju
- Seymour Heisler Laboratory of the Montreal Chest Institute Research Center, McGill University, University of Montreal Hospital Center (PF), Quebec, Canada
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