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Matsumoto Y, Suto M, Umebara I, Masutomi H, Ishihara K. Hydrophobic Components in Light-Yellow Pulp Sweet Potato ( Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) Tubers Suppress LPS-Induced Inflammatory Responses in RAW264.7 Cells via Activation of the Nrf2 Pathway. Nutrients 2024; 16:563. [PMID: 38398887 PMCID: PMC10892877 DOI: 10.3390/nu16040563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Sweet potato is a crop that is widely consumed all over the world and is thought to contribute to health maintenance due to its abundant nutrients and phytochemicals. Previous studies on the functionality of sweet potatoes have focused on varieties that have colored pulp, such as purple and orange, which contain high levels of specific phytochemicals. Therefore, in the present study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of light-yellow-fleshed sweet potatoes, which have received little attention. After freeze-drying sweet potatoes harvested in 2020, extracts were prepared from the leaves, stems, roots, and tubers in 100% ethanol. Mouse macrophage-like cell line RAW264.7 cells were cultured with 10 µg/mL of the extracts and induced lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated inflammation. Of the extracts, the tuber extracts showed the highest suppression of LPS-induced interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene expression and production in RAW264.7, which was attributed to the activation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) oxidative stress response pathway. In addition, preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) experiments suggested that hydrophobic components specific to the tuber were the main body of activity. In previous studies, it has been shown that the tubers and leaves of sweet potatoes with colored pulp exhibit anti-inflammatory effects due to their rich phytochemicals, and our results show that the tubers with light-yellow pulp also exhibit the effects. Furthermore, we were able to show a part of the mechanism, which may contribute to the fundamental understanding of the treatment and prevention of inflammation by food-derived components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuma Matsumoto
- Research and Development Division, Calbee, Inc., 23-6 Kiyohara-Kogyodanchi, Utsunomiya 321-3231, Japan
| | - Mari Suto
- Research and Development Division, Calbee, Inc., 23-6 Kiyohara-Kogyodanchi, Utsunomiya 321-3231, Japan
| | - Io Umebara
- Research and Development Division, Calbee, Inc., 23-6 Kiyohara-Kogyodanchi, Utsunomiya 321-3231, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Masutomi
- Research and Development Division, Calbee, Inc., 23-6 Kiyohara-Kogyodanchi, Utsunomiya 321-3231, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Ishihara
- Research and Development Division, Calbee, Inc., 23-6 Kiyohara-Kogyodanchi, Utsunomiya 321-3231, Japan
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He D, Gao X, Wen J, Zhang Y, Yang S, Sun X, Cui M, Li Z, Fu S, Liu J, Liu D. Orally administered neohesperidin attenuates MPTP-induced neurodegeneration by inhibiting inflammatory responses and regulating intestinal flora in mice. Food Funct 2024; 15:1460-1475. [PMID: 38226659 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04714h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD), a neurodegenerative disease, is the leading cause of movement disorders. Neuroinflammation plays a critical role in PD pathogenesis. Neohesperidin (Neo), a natural flavonoid extracted from citric fruits exhibits anti-inflammatory effects. However, the effect of Neo on PD progression is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Neo on 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced PD in mice and its underlying mechanism. Our results indicated that Neo administration ameliorated motor impairment and neural damage in MPTP-injected mice, by inhibiting neuroinflammation and regulating gut microbial imbalance. Additionally, Neo administration reduced colonic inflammation and tissue damage. Mechanistic studies revealed that Neo suppressed the MPTP-induced inflammatory response by inhibiting excessive activation of NF-κB and MAPK pathways. In summary, the present study demonstrated that Neo administration attenuates neurodegeneration in MPTP-injected mice by inhibiting inflammatory responses and regulating the gut microbial composition. This study may provide the scientific basis for the use of Neo in the treatment of PD and other related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dewei He
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Xiyu Gao
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Jingru Wen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Yiming Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Shuo Yang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Xiaojia Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Mingchi Cui
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Zhe Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Shoupeng Fu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Juxiong Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Dianfeng Liu
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
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Kim KW, Lee YS, Choi BR, Yoon D, Lee DY. Anti-Neuroinflammatory Effect of the Ethanolic Extract of Black Ginseng through TLR4-MyD88-Regulated Inhibition of NF-κB and MAPK Signaling Pathways in LPS-Induced BV2 Microglial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15320. [PMID: 37894998 PMCID: PMC10607189 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng) contains various ginsenosides as active ingredients, and they show diverse biological activities. Black ginseng is manufactured by repeated steaming and drying of white ginseng, which alters the polarity of ginsenosides and improves biological activities. The aim of the present investigation was to examine the anti-neuroinflammatory effects of the ethanolic extract of black ginseng (BGE) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced BV2 microglial cells. Pre-treatment with BGE inhibited the overproduction of pro-inflammatory mediators including nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in LPS-induced BV2 cells. In addition, BGE reduced the activation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) MAPK signaling pathways induced by LPS. These anti-neuroinflammatory effects were mediated through the negative regulation of the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88) signaling pathway. Among the four ginsenosides contained in BGE, ginsenosides Rd and Rg3 inhibited the production of inflammatory mediators. Taken together, this investigation suggests that BGE represents potential anti-neuroinflammatory candidates for the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Dae Young Lee
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Eumseong 27709, Republic of Korea; (K.-W.K.); (Y.-S.L.); (B.-R.C.); (D.Y.)
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Xiang G, Xing N, Wang S, Zhang Y. Antitumor effects and potential mechanisms of aconitine based on preclinical studies: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1172939. [PMID: 37180714 PMCID: PMC10174313 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1172939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Herbs originating from the Aconitum L. (Ranunculaceae), such as Aconitum carmichaelii Debeaux. (Wutou), Aconitum pendulum Busch. (Tiebangchui), and Aconitum kusnezoffii Reichb. (Caowu), etc. are highly valued for their medicinal properties. The roots and tubers of these herbs are commonly used to treat an array of ailments, including joint pain and tumors. The alkaloids present in them are the primary active components, with aconitine being the most notable. Aconitine has gained attention for its exceptional anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, as well as its potential as an anti-tumor and cardiotonic agent. However, the exact process through which aconitine hinders the growth of cancerous cells and triggers their programmed cell death remains unclear. Therefore, we have undertaken a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of the current research on the potential antitumor properties of aconitine. Methods: We conducted a thorough search of relevant preclinical studies in databases including PubMed, Web of Science, VIP, WanFang Data, CNKI, Embase, Cochrane Library, and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). The search was conducted up until 15 September 2022, and the data were statistically analyzed using RevMan 5.4 software. The number of tumor cell value-added, tumor cell apoptosis rate, thymus index (TI), and Bcl-2 gene expression level were the main indicators to be analyzed. Results: After applying the final inclusion criteria, a total of thirty-seven studies, comprising both in vivo and in vitro research were analyzed. The results showed that treatment with aconitine led to a significant reduction in tumor cell proliferation, a noteworthy increase in the rate of apoptosis among tumor cells, a decrease in the thymus index, and a reduction in the expression level of Bcl-2. These results suggested that aconitine could inhibit the proliferation, invasion, and migration abilities of tumor cells by regulating Bcl-2 etc., thereby enhancing the anti-tumor effects. Conclusion: In summary, our present study demonstrated that aconitine effectively reduced tumor size and volume, indicating a strong anti-tumor effect. Additionally, aconitine could increase the expression levels of caspase-3, Bax and other targets. Mechanistically, it may regulate the expression levels of Bax and Bcl-2 through the NF-κB signaling pathway, ultimately inhibiting tumor cell proliferation through autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gelin Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Research Center for Academic Inheritance and Innovation of Ethnomedicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Nan Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Research Center for Academic Inheritance and Innovation of Ethnomedicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shaohui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Research Center for Academic Inheritance and Innovation of Ethnomedicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Shaohui Wang, ; Yi Zhang,
| | - Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Research Center for Academic Inheritance and Innovation of Ethnomedicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Shaohui Wang, ; Yi Zhang,
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5
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Niu X, Yu J, Huang Q, Yu J, Yang Y, Song H, Liu Y, Xiao X, Cui L, Li W. Immunoenhancement activity of Bletilla striata polysaccharide through MAPK and NF-κB signalling pathways in vivo and in vitro. Autoimmunity 2022; 55:650-660. [PMID: 35892187 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2022.2103801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Reichb.f., is a traditional Chinese medicine, and the Bletilla striata polysaccharide (BSP) is one of the principal components extracted from Bletilla striata with various biological activities. Previous studies have shown that many natural polysaccharides have significant immunomodulatory activities. However, as a plant polysaccharide, the research of BSP on immunomodulatory activities is limited. In this study, we aim to investigate the immunomodulatory effect of BSP in vivo and further explore its underlying mechanism in vitro. In vivo, a cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunosuppression mice mode was established by intraperitoneal injection of CTX, and the immune-enhancing effect of BSP (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg) on immunosuppressed mice were evaluated. The result indicated that BSP could significantly improve the immune organ index and the content of immunoglobulin, TNF-α and IL-4 in serum. It was also found that BSP could clearly ameliorate the spleen damage induced by CTX. Meanwhile, the result showed that BSP could not only improve the proliferation of splenocytes, but also activate the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and acid phosphatase (ACP) in mouse spleen tissue. In vitro, potential mechanism was further revealed in macrophages. The result supported that BSP could activate macrophages with high phagocytic ability, and induce macrophages to secrete cytokines. Finally, it revealed that activation of NF-κB and MAPK signalling pathway should be the underlying mechanism of the immunoenhancment of BSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Niu
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Jiabao Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Qiuxia Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Jinjin Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Yajie Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Huixin Song
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Xin Xiao
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Langjun Cui
- School of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Weifeng Li
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
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6
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Anti-neuroinflammatory effect of oxaline, isorhodoptilometrin, and 5-hydroxy-7-(2′-hydroxypropyl)-2-methyl-chromone obtained from the marine fungal strain Penicillium oxalicum CLC-MF05. Arch Pharm Res 2022; 45:90-104. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-022-01370-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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7
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Dimethyl itaconate inhibits LPS‑induced microglia inflammation and inflammasome‑mediated pyroptosis via inducing autophagy and regulating the Nrf‑2/HO‑1 signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:672. [PMID: 34296312 PMCID: PMC8335742 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The endogenous metabolite itaconate and its cell‑permeable derivative dimethyl itaconate (DI) have been identified as anti‑inflammatory regulators of macrophages; however, their contribution to inflammasome‑mediated pyroptosis remains unknown. The present study examined the molecular mechanism of DI on NLR family pyrin domain‑containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome assembly and NLRP3 inflammasome‑dependent pyroptosis in microglia. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and ATP were used to induce microglia pyroptosis in vitro; this process was confirmed by TUNEL assay, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) detection and gasdermin D (GSDMD) expression analysis. The regulation of microglia polarization and inflammatory cytokine expression was assessed by immunofluorescence assays and ELISA. To investigate the associated mechanism of action, the expression levels of the nuclear factor erythroid 2‑related factor 2 (Nrf‑2)/heme oxygenase‑1 (HO‑1) pathway proteins were analyzed by western blotting. Finally, the regulatory effect of DI on autophagy and its association with inflammation was determined by western blotting. The present study demonstrated that DI administration inhibited NLRP3 assembly, LDH release and GSDMD cleavage. Cotreatment of DI with LPS and ATP facilitated the transition from M1 to M2, reduced inflammatory mediator expression and impeded NF‑κB phosphorylation. In addition, DI effectively reduced reactive oxygen species production through the Nrf‑2/HO‑1 pathway. Moreover, DI induced cellular autophagy, whereas inhibition of autophagy with 3‑methyladenine markedly reversed its inhibitory effect on NLRP3‑dependent pyroptosis. Taken together, the present study suggested that DI participated in the Nrf‑2/HO‑1 pathway and served a key role in microglia inflammation and NLRP3 inflammasome‑mediated pyroptosis via induction of autophagy.
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8
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Xu JJ, Gong LL, Li YY, Zhou ZB, Yang WW, Wan CX, Zhang WN. Anti-inflammatory effect of a polysaccharide fraction from Craterellus cornucopioides in LPS-stimulated macrophages. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13842. [PMID: 34189750 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Immunocytes-involved inflammation is considered to modulate the damage in various diseases. Oxidative stress is initiated by oxidative agents such as LPS and ROS, which are strongly involved in chronic inflammation. Our previous study found that a polysaccharide fraction from Craterellus cornucopioides (CCPP-1) showed good antioxidant activity. However, the anti-inflammatory effect of CCPP-1 was still elusive. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of CCPP-1 and its potential mechanism in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. The results showed that CCPP-1 could inhibit LPS-induced ROS and NO accumulation. Additionally, CCPP-1 could decrease pro-inflammatory cytokines production (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-18) and inflammatory mediator (iNOS) expression, which might be associated with its capacity to inhibit NF-κB signaling pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Therefore, this study suggested that CCPP-1 had an ameliorative effect on the inflammation response and was potential to develop into functional food for treating chronic inflammation. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Craterellus cornucopioides is an edible fungus widely distributed in Southwestern China. It was reported that C. cornucopioides polysaccharide (CCPP-1), as important active ingredient, showed good antioxidant activity. However, the anti-inflammatory effect was still elusive. This study showed that CCPP-1 possessed anti-inflammatory activity. The molecular mechanism might be associated with its capacity to inhibit NF-κB signaling pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Therefore, polysaccharides from C. cornucopioides have potential to develop into functional food to combat inflammatory condition and thus indirectly halt the progression of various inflammatory response-related chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Jia Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Li-Li Gong
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Li
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhong-Bo Zhou
- Xinjiang Production & Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, Tarim University, Alar, China
| | - Wei-Wei Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Chuan-Xing Wan
- Xinjiang Production & Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, Tarim University, Alar, China
| | - Wen-Na Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Eco-engineering and Biotechnology of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
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9
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Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Berchemia floribunda in LPS-Stimulated RAW264.7 Cells through Regulation of NF-κB and MAPKs Signaling Pathway. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10030586. [PMID: 33808663 PMCID: PMC8003373 DOI: 10.3390/plants10030586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Berchemia floribunda (Wall.) Brongn. (BF), which belongs to Rhamnaceae, is a special plant of Anmyeon Island in Korea. BF has been reported to have antioxidant and whitening effects. However, the anti-inflammatory activity of BR has not been elucidated. In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of leaves (BR-L), branches (BR-B) and fruit (BR-F) extracted with 70% ethanol of BR and elucidated the potential signaling pathway in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. BR-L showed a strong anti-inflammatory activity through the inhibition of NO production. BR-L significantly suppressed the production of the pro-inflammatory mediators such as iNOS, COX-2, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. BR-L suppressed the degradation and phosphorylation of IκB-α, which contributed to the inhibition of p65 nuclear accumulation and NF-κB activation. BR-L obstructed the phosphorylation of MAPKs (ERK1/2, p38 and JNK) in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Consequently, these results suggest that BR-L may have great potential for the development of anti-inflammatory drugs to treat acute and chronic inflammatory disorders.
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Eo HJ, Park GH, Jeong JB. In vitro macrophage activation by Sageretia thea fruits through TLR2/TLR4-dependent activation of MAPK, NF-κB and PI3K/AKT signalling in RAW264.7 cells. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2020.1857339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Ji Eo
- Forest Medicinal Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science, Yeongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwang Hun Park
- Forest Medicinal Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science, Yeongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Boo Jeong
- Department of Medicinal Plant Resources, Andong National University, Andong, Republic of Korea
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11
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Sun Y, Huang WM, Tang PC, Zhang X, Zhang XY, Yu BC, Fan YY, Ge XQ, Zhang XL. Neuroprotective effects of natural cordycepin on LPS-induced Parkinson’s disease through suppressing TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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12
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An MY, Eo HJ, Son HJ, Geum NG, Park GH, Jeong JB. Anti‑inflammatory effects of leaf and branch extracts of honeyberry (Lonicera caerulea) on lipopolysaccharide‑stimulated RAW264.7 cells through ATF3 and Nrf2/HO‑1 activation. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:5219-5230. [PMID: 33174016 PMCID: PMC7646977 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Honeyberry (Lonicera caerulea) has long been used as a traditional medicine in China, Japan and northern Russia. Functional studies of honeyberry have mainly focused on the fruits, which have been reported to exert various pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory activity, with limited or no studies on the other parts of the plant, such as the leaves and branches. In the present study, the anti-inflammatory effects of extracts of the leaves (HBL), branches (HBB) and fruit (HBF) of honeyberry plant were evaluated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. HBL and HBB significantly inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory mediators in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, and the inhibitory effects of HBL and HBB were stronger than those of HBF. HBL and HBB blocked the nuclear accumulation of p65 independently of IκB-α. HBL did not inhibit the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 or p38; however, HBB effectively inhibited the phosphorylation of p38 but not ERK1/2. HBL and HBB increased the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) protein by inducing the nuclear accumulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) through the activation of the reactive oxygen species (ROS)/p38 pathway; the reduction in inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) expression by HBL and HBB was inhibited by HO-1 knockdown. In addition, HBL and HBB increased the expression of activating transcription factor-3 (ATF3), and the reduction in iNOS and IL-1β expression by HBL and HBB was inhibited by ATF3 knockdown. Collectively, HBL and HBB inhibited LPS-induced nuclear factor-κB activation by blocking the nuclear accumulation of p65, increasing HO-1 expression through activation of the ROS/p38/Nrf2 pathway, and increasing ATF3 expression. Furthermore, HBB inhibited LPS-induced p38 phosphorylation. These findings suggest that HBL and HBB may have great potential as natural products for the development of anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Yun An
- Department of Medicinal Plant Resources, Andong National University, Andong, Gyeongsangbuk 36729, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ji Eo
- Forest Medicinal Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science, Yeongju, Gyeongsangbuk 36040, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Jun Son
- Forest Medicinal Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science, Yeongju, Gyeongsangbuk 36040, Republic of Korea
| | - Na Gyeong Geum
- Department of Medicinal Plant Resources, Andong National University, Andong, Gyeongsangbuk 36729, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwang Hun Park
- Forest Medicinal Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science, Yeongju, Gyeongsangbuk 36040, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Boo Jeong
- Department of Medicinal Plant Resources, Andong National University, Andong, Gyeongsangbuk 36729, Republic of Korea
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13
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Zhou Y, Lan R, Xu Y, Zhou Y, Lin X, Miao J. Resveratrol alleviates oxidative stress caused by Streptococcus uberis infection via activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 89:107076. [PMID: 33045565 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Due to its antioxidant properties, resveratrol may relieve the cellular oxidative injury induced by Streptococcus uberis (S. uberis) infection. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unknown. Herein, we used S. uberis to challenge C57BL/6 mice or a mouse mammary epithelial cell line (EpH4-Ev), and the regulatory molecular mechanism of resveratrol on hosts' oxidative injury were investigated. The results showed that gavage of resveratrol alleviate the inflammatory responses and oxidative injury of mammary gland tissues induced by S. uberis infection via activating Nrf2 signaling pathways. To further understand the molecular mechanism, inhibitor of Nrf2 (ML385) and siRNA targeting p62 were used in mammary epithelial cells. The findings indicated that resveratrol mediates Keap1 degradation by activating p62, induces the expression of Nrf2 and its downstream antioxidant signaling pathways, and ameliorates oxidative damage during S. uberis infection. Collectively, these outcomes suggested that resveratrol can function as an activator of the p62-Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway to improve oxidative injury caused by S. uberis in mammary glands as well as in EpH4-Ev cells. Therefore, resveratrol may be useful to prevent and control S. uberis-induced bovine mastitis by relieving oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Zhou
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Riguo Lan
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhou
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xinguang Lin
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jinfeng Miao
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Geum NG, Eo HJ, Kim HJ, Park GH, Son HJ, Jeong JB. Immune-enhancing activity of Hydrangea macrophylla subsp. serrata leaves through TLR4/ROS-dependent activation of JNK and NF-κB in RAW264.7 cells and immunosuppressed mice. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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15
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Zeng YX, Wang S, Wei L, Cui YY, Chen YH. Proanthocyanidins: Components, Pharmacokinetics and Biomedical Properties. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2020; 48:813-869. [PMID: 32536248 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x2050041x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Proanthocyanidins (PAs) are a group of polyphenols enriched in plant and human food. In recent decades, epidemiological studies have upheld the direct relationship between PA consumption and health benefits; therefore, studies on PAs have become a research hotspot. Although the oral bioavailability of PAs is quite low, pharmacokinetics data revealed that some small molecules and colonic microbial metabolites of PAs could be absorbed and exert their health beneficial effects. The pharmacological effects of PAs mainly include anti-oxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammation, antimicrobial, cardiovascular protection, neuroprotection, and metabolism-regulation behaviors. Moreover, current toxicological studies show that PAs have no observable toxicity to humans. This review summarizes the resources, extraction, structures, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology, and toxicology of PAs and discusses the limitations of current studies. Areas for further research are also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Xi Zeng
- Department of Cell Biology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Sen Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Lu Wei
- Department of Cell Biology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Ying-Yu Cui
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education (Tongji University), Shanghai 200120, P. R. China.,Heart Health Centre, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P. R. China.,Institute of Medical Genetics, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China.,Department of Cell Biology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Han Chen
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education (Tongji University), Shanghai 200120, P. R. China.,Heart Health Centre, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P. R. China.,Department of Cardiology, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P. R. China.,Institute of Medical Genetics, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
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16
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Inhibition of IL-32 Expression Ameliorates Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via the NOD/MAPK/NF-κB Signaling Pathway. J Mol Neurosci 2020; 70:1713-1727. [PMID: 32474900 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-020-01557-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia represents a major cause of disability, yet its precise mechanism remains unknown. In addition, ischemia-reperfusion injury which occurs during the blood recovery process increases the risk of mortality, and is not adequately addressed with current treatment. To improve therapeutic options, it is important to explore the vital substances that play a pivotal role in ischemia-reperfusion injury. This study is the first to investigate the role of IL-32, a vital pro-inflammatory factor, in models of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. The results showed that IL-32 was highly expressed in both in vivo and in vitro models. The proteins of the NOD/MAPK/NF-κB pathway were also up-regulated, indicating a potential signaling pathway mechanism. Inhibition of IL-32 and blocking of the NOD/MAPK/NF-κB pathway increased cell survival, decreased the level of inflammatory factors and inflammasomes, and attenuated nitrosative stress. Taken together, the results show that inhibition of IL-32 expression ameliorates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury via the NOD/MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway. The findings in this study reveal that IL-32 is a vital target of ischemia-reperfusion injury, providing a new avenue for treatment development.
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Kuo PC, Weng WT, Scofield BA, Paraiso HC, Brown DA, Wang PY, Yu IC, Yen JH. Dimethyl itaconate, an itaconate derivative, exhibits immunomodulatory effects on neuroinflammation in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:138. [PMID: 32349768 PMCID: PMC7191722 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-01768-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammatory stimuli induce immunoresponsive gene 1 (IRG1) expression that in turn catalyzes the production of itaconate from the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Itaconate has recently emerged as a regulator of immune cell functions, especially in macrophages. Studies show that itaconate is required for the activation of anti-inflammatory transcription factor Nrf2 by LPS in mouse and human macrophages, and LPS-activated IRG1-/- macrophages that lack endogenous itaconate production exhibit augmented inflammatory responses. Moreover, dimethyl itaconate (DMI), an itaconate derivative, inhibits IL-17-induced IκBς activation in keratinocytes and modulates IL-17-IκBς pathway-mediated skin inflammation in an animal model of psoriasis. Currently, the effect of itaconate on regulating macrophage functions and peripheral inflammatory immune responses is well established. However, its effect on microglia (MG) and CNS inflammatory immune responses remains unexplored. Thus, we investigated whether itaconate possesses an immunomodulatory effect on regulating MG activation and CNS inflammation in animal models of multiple sclerosis, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Methods Chronic C57BL/6 EAE was induced followed by DMI treatment. The effect of DMI on disease severity, blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, MG activation, peripheral Th1/Th17 differentiation, and the CNS infiltration of Th1/Th17 cells in EAE was determined. Primary MG was cultured to study the effect of DMI on MG activation. Relapsing-remitting SJL/J EAE was induced to assess the therapeutic effect of DMI. Results Our results show DMI ameliorated disease severity in the chronic C57BL/6 EAE model. Further analysis of the cellular and molecular mechanisms revealed that DMI mitigated BBB disruption, inhibited MMP3/MMP9 production, suppressed microglia activation, inhibited peripheral Th1/Th17 differentiation, and repressed the CNS infiltration of Th1 and Th17 cells. Strikingly, DMI also exhibited a therapeutic effect on alleviating severity of relapse in the relapsing-remitting SJL/J EAE model. Conclusions We demonstrate that DMI suppresses neuroinflammation and ameliorates disease severity in EAE through multiple cellular and molecular mechanisms, suggesting that DMI can be developed as a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of MS/EAE through its immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Chang Kuo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 2101 E. Coliseum Boulevard, Fort Wayne, IN, 46805, USA
| | - Wen-Tsan Weng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 2101 E. Coliseum Boulevard, Fort Wayne, IN, 46805, USA
| | - Barbara A Scofield
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 2101 E. Coliseum Boulevard, Fort Wayne, IN, 46805, USA
| | - Hallel C Paraiso
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Fort Wayne, IN, USA
| | - Dennis A Brown
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manchester University College of Pharmacy, Natural and Health Sciences, Fort Wayne, IN, USA
| | - Pei-Yu Wang
- Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Science, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Chen Yu
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Fort Wayne, IN, USA
| | - Jui-Hung Yen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 2101 E. Coliseum Boulevard, Fort Wayne, IN, 46805, USA.
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Silencing of TXNIP Alleviated Oxidative Stress Injury by Regulating MAPK-Nrf2 Axis in Ischemic Stroke. Neurochem Res 2019; 45:428-436. [PMID: 31858374 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-019-02933-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a life-threatening cerebrovascular thrombotic disease, oxidative stress is considered to be a critical factor to stroke pathophysiology. This study aimed to investigate the underlying molecular mechanism and propose the potential therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke. Bioinformatics analysis based on a public microarray profile (GSE 61616) of ischemic stroke rats was performed as a pilot research. Oxidative stress was enriched as a significantly gene ontology item, and thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) and MAPK signaling were identified as the hub gene and pathway, respectively. The experiments in middle cerebral artery occlusion rats demonstrated that ischemia induced the activation of oxidative stress. The expressions of TXNIP, p-p38, p-JNK, p-ERK were significantly increased while Nrf2 and HO-1 expressions were decreased after stroke. Rescue assays were conducted in primary cultured neurons to explore the accurate interrelations among these factors. The results indicated that MAPK specific inhibitor and siRNA-TXNIP significantly alleviated the oxidative stress injury induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation. In addition, knocking down of TXNIP inhibited the activation of MAPK pathway and promoted Nrf2 pathway. Taken together, these findings indicated that TXNIP aggravated the oxidative stress injury by regulating MAPK-Nrf2 axis in ischemic stroke. Silencing of TXNIP seems a promising therapeutic strategy to alleviate ischemic stroke.
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19
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Zhang Y, Wang G, Wang T, Cao W, Zhang L, Chen X. Nrf2–Keap1 pathway–mediated effects of resveratrol on oxidative stress and apoptosis in hydrogen peroxide–treated rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast‐like synoviocytes. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2019; 1457:166-178. [DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhang
- Department of Histology and EmbryologyAnhui Medical University Hefei Anhui P. R. China
- Microscopic Morphological Center LaboratoryAnhui Medical University Hefei Anhui P. R. China
| | - Gaoyuan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedicsthe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University Hefei Anhui P. R. China
| | - Taorong Wang
- Department of Histology and EmbryologyAnhui Medical University Hefei Anhui P. R. China
- Microscopic Morphological Center LaboratoryAnhui Medical University Hefei Anhui P. R. China
| | - Wei Cao
- Department of Histology and EmbryologyAnhui Medical University Hefei Anhui P. R. China
- Microscopic Morphological Center LaboratoryAnhui Medical University Hefei Anhui P. R. China
| | - Lixia Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedicsthe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University Hefei Anhui P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- Department of Histology and EmbryologyAnhui Medical University Hefei Anhui P. R. China
- Microscopic Morphological Center LaboratoryAnhui Medical University Hefei Anhui P. R. China
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20
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Pompili S, Sferra R, Gaudio E, Viscido A, Frieri G, Vetuschi A, Latella G. Can Nrf2 Modulate the Development of Intestinal Fibrosis and Cancer in Inflammatory Bowel Disease? Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4061. [PMID: 31434263 PMCID: PMC6720292 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20164061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the main mechanisms carried out by the cells to counteract several forms of stress is the activation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) signaling. Nrf2 signaling controls the expression of many genes through the binding of a specific cis-acting element known as the antioxidant response element (ARE). Activation of Nrf2/ARE signaling can mitigate several pathologic mechanisms associated with an autoimmune response, digestive and metabolic disorders, as well as respiratory, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases. Indeed, several studies have demonstrated that Nrf2 pathway plays a key role in inflammation and in cancer development in many organs, including the intestine. Nrf2 appears to be involved in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), an immune-mediated chronic and disabling disease, with a high risk of developing intestinal fibrotic strictures and cancer. Currently, drugs able to increase cytoprotective Nrf2 function are in clinical trials or already being used in clinical practice to reduce the progression of some degenerative conditions. The role of Nrf2 in cancer development and progression is controversial, and drugs able to inhibit abnormal levels of Nrf2 are also under investigation. The goal of this review is to analyze and discuss Nrf2-dependent signals in the initiation and progression of intestinal fibrosis and cancers occurring in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Pompili
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Roberta Sferra
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Eugenio Gaudio
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Angelo Viscido
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Division, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Frieri
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Division, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Antonella Vetuschi
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Giovanni Latella
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Division, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
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