1
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Sodia TZ, Tetu HL, Saccomano SC, Letch EG, Branning JM, Mendonsa AA, Vyas S, Cash KJ. Persistent Luminescence Nanosensors: A Generalized Optode-Based Platform for Autofluorescence-Free Sensing in Biological Systems. ACS Sens 2024; 9:3307-3315. [PMID: 38826054 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c00653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Fluorescent nanosensors have revolutionized diagnostics and our ability to monitor cellular dynamics. Yet, distinguishing sensor signals from autofluorescence remains a challenge. Here, we merged optode-based sensing with near-infrared-emitting ZnGa2O4:Cr3+ persistent luminescence nanoparticles (PLNPs) to create nanocomposites for autofluorescence-free "glow-in-the-dark" sensing. Hydrophobic modification and incorporation of the persistent luminescence nanoparticles into an optode-based nanoparticle core yielded persistent luminescence nanosensors (PLNs) for five analytes (K+, Na+, Ca2+, pH, and O2) via two distinct mechanisms. We demonstrated the viability of the PLNs by quantifying K+ in fetal bovine serum, calibrating the pH PLNs in the same, and ratiometrically monitoring O2 metabolism in cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, all the while overcoming their respective autofluorescence signatures. This highly modular platform allows for facile tuning of the sensing functionality, optical properties, and surface chemistry and promises high signal-to-noise ratios in complex optical environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Z Sodia
- Quantitative Biosciences and Engineering Program, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Hanna L Tetu
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Samuel C Saccomano
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Elizabeth G Letch
- Quantitative Biosciences and Engineering Program, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - John M Branning
- Quantitative Biosciences and Engineering Program, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
- The MITRE Corporation, Bedford, Massachusetts 01730, United States
| | - Adrian A Mendonsa
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Shubham Vyas
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Kevin J Cash
- Quantitative Biosciences and Engineering Program, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
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2
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Iwamoto S, Sueyoshi K, Endo T, Hisamoto H. Fundamental investigation on fluorous nanoemulsion optodes: effect of matrix fluorination on selectivity. ANAL SCI 2024:10.1007/s44211-024-00603-w. [PMID: 38795277 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-024-00603-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024]
Abstract
As fundamental investigation on fluorous nanoemulsion (NE) optodes for highly selective perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS-) sensing, the effect of matrix fluorination on selectivity was investigated. Due to the high hydrophobicity of PFOS- itself, it responded in exhaustive mode regardless of the fluorination ratio of the matrix, and the lowest detectable PFOS- concentration was on the order of 10-7 to 10-6 M. On the other hand, the response of non-fluorous interfering anions was suppressed as the fluorination ratio of the matrix increased. It was revealed that the relative selectivity of PFOS- for hydrophobic anions, ClO4-, SCN-, and 1-octanesulfonate (OS-) was improved by more than one order of magnitude, up to nearly two orders of magnitude, and that it was also improved by less than one order of magnitude for hydrophilic anions, Br-, Cl-, and SO4-, in logarithmic selectivity coefficient (log K PFOS - , j opt ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Soraka Iwamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuencho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan
| | - Kenji Sueyoshi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuencho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minamiku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Endo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuencho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan
| | - Hideaki Hisamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuencho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan.
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3
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Wang L, Zhang Y, Wang L, Cheng Y, Yuan D, Zhai J, Xie X. Near-Infrared Fluoride Sensing Nano-Optodes and Distance-Based Hydrogels Containing Aluminum-Phthalocyanine. ACS Sens 2023; 8:4384-4390. [PMID: 37963263 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c01848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Fluoride ions are highly relevant in environmental and biological sciences, and there is a very limited number of established fluoride chemical sensors. Previous fluoride-selective optodes were demonstrated with metal-porphyrin as the ionophore and required a chromoionophore for optical signal transduction. We demonstrate here novel optical fluoride sensing with nano-optodes containing an aluminum-phthalocyanine complex (AlClPc) as the single active sensing component, simplifying the conventional ion-selective optodes approach. The fluoride nano-optodes were interrogated in the absorbance and fluorescence modes in the near-infrared region, with absorption around 725 nm and emission peaks at 720 and 800 nm, respectively. The nano-optodes exhibited a lower detection limit around 0.1 μM and good selectivity over a range of common anions including ClO4-, Cl-, Br-, I-, SO42-, NO3-, and AcO-. Furthermore, the nano-optodes were physically entrapped in agarose hydrogels to allow distance-based point-of-care testing (POCT) applications. The 3D networks of the agarose hydrogel were able to filter off large particulates in the samples without stopping fluoride ions to reach the nano-optodes. The fluoride concentrations in real samples including river water, mineral water, and groundwater were successfully determined with the distance-based sensing hydrogel, and the results agreed well with those from commercial fluoride electrodes. Therefore, the results in this work lay the groundwork for the optical detection of fluoride in environmental samples without very sophisticated sample manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanfei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Chemical Measurement, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, P. R. China
| | - Liyuan Wang
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Chemical Measurement, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, P. R. China
| | - Yu Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Dajing Yuan
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Chemical Measurement, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, P. R. China
| | - Jingying Zhai
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaojiang Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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4
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Guliy OI, Karavaeva OA, Smirnov AV, Eremin SA, Bunin VD. Optical Sensors for Bacterial Detection. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:9391. [PMID: 38067765 PMCID: PMC10708710 DOI: 10.3390/s23239391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Analytical devices for bacterial detection are an integral part of modern laboratory medicine, as they permit the early diagnosis of diseases and their timely treatment. Therefore, special attention is directed to the development of and improvements in monitoring and diagnostic methods, including biosensor-based ones. A promising direction in the development of bacterial detection methods is optical sensor systems based on colorimetric and fluorescence techniques, the surface plasmon resonance, and the measurement of orientational effects. This review shows the detecting capabilities of these systems and the promise of electro-optical analysis for bacterial detection. It also discusses the advantages and disadvantages of optical sensor systems and the prospects for their further improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga I. Guliy
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms—Subdivision of the Federal State Budgetary Research Institution Saratov Federal Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IBPPM RAS), Saratov 410049, Russia;
| | - Olga A. Karavaeva
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms—Subdivision of the Federal State Budgetary Research Institution Saratov Federal Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IBPPM RAS), Saratov 410049, Russia;
| | - Andrey V. Smirnov
- Kotelnikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 125009, Russia;
| | - Sergei A. Eremin
- Department of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia;
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5
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Folz J, Wasserman JH, Jo J, Wang X, Kopelman R. Photoacoustic Chemical Imaging Sodium Nano-Sensor Utilizing a Solvatochromic Dye Transducer for In Vivo Application. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:923. [PMID: 37887116 PMCID: PMC10605089 DOI: 10.3390/bios13100923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Sodium has many vital and diverse roles in the human body, including maintaining the cellular pH, generating action potential, and regulating osmotic pressure. In cancer, sodium dysregulation has been correlated with tumor growth, metastasis, and immune cell inhibition. However, most in vivo sodium measurements are performed via Na23 NMR, which is handicapped by slow acquisition times, a low spatial resolution (in mm), and low signal-to-noise ratios. We present here a plasticizer-free, ionophore-based sodium-sensing nanoparticle that utilizes a solvatochromic dye transducer to circumvent the pH cross-sensitivity of most previously reported sodium nano-sensors. We demonstrate that this nano-sensor is non-toxic, boasts a 200 μM detection limit, and is over 1000 times more selective for sodium than potassium. Further, the in vitro photoacoustic calibration curve presented demonstrates the potential of this nano-sensor for performing the in vivo chemical imaging of sodium over the entire physiologically relevant concentration range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff Folz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
| | | | - Janggun Jo
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (J.J.); (X.W.)
| | - Xueding Wang
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (J.J.); (X.W.)
| | - Raoul Kopelman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
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6
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Mendonsa AA, Soeldner CC, Mudd NE, Saccomano SC, Cash KJ. Triplet-Triplet Annihilation Upconversion-Based Oxygen Sensors to Overcome the Limitation of Autofluorescence. ACS Sens 2023; 8:3043-3050. [PMID: 37540503 PMCID: PMC10566256 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c00548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Autofluorescence is one of the many challenges in bioimaging as it can mask the emission from fluorescent probes or markers, a limitation that can be overcome via upconversion. Herein, we have developed a nanosensor that uses triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion to optically report changes in the dissolved oxygen concentration. Using a sensitizer-annihilator dye pairing of platinum(II) octaethylporphyrin and 9,10-diphenylanthracene, we monitored the oxygen consumption (as a proxy for metabolic activity) over time in a biological system─Saccharomyces cerevisiae (brewing yeast). The nanosensor demonstrated good reversibility over multiple cycles and showed good signal and colloidal stability when tested over the course of 7 days, and it was sensitive to dissolved oxygen from 0.00 to 3.17 mg/L O2. Additionally, there was no signal overlap between the nanosensor emission and S. cerevisiae autofluorescence, thus underscoring the utility of upconversion as a facile and economical means of overcoming autofluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian A. Mendonsa
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Cassandra C. Soeldner
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Natalie E. Mudd
- Quantitative Biosciences and Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Samuel C. Saccomano
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Kevin J. Cash
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
- Quantitative Biosciences and Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
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7
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Ghanbari Ghalehjoughi N, Wang R, Kelley S, Wang X. Ultrasensitive Ionophore-Based Liquid Sensors for Colorimetric Ion Measurements in Blood. Anal Chem 2023; 95:12557-12564. [PMID: 37567148 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c02926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
The self-monitoring of electrolytes using a small volume of capillary blood is needed for the management of many chronic diseases. Herein, we report an ionophore-based colorimetric sensor for electrolyte measurements in a few microliters of blood. The sensor is a pipet microtip preloaded with a segment of oil (plasticizer) containing a pH-sensitive chromoionophore, a cation exchanger, and an ionophore. The analyte is extracted from the sample into the oil via a mixing protocol controlled by a stepper motor. The oil with an optimized ratio of sensing chemicals shows an unprecedentedly large color response for electrolytes in a very narrow concentration range that is clinically relevant. This ultrahigh sensitivity is based on an exhaustive response mode with a novel mechanism for defining the lower and higher limits of detection. Compared to previous optodes and molecular probes for ions, the proposed platform is especially suitable for at-home blood electrolyte measurements because (1) the oil sensor is interrogated independent of the sample and therefore works for whole blood without requiring plasma separation; (2) the sensor does not need individual calibration as the consistency between liquid sensors is high compared to solid sensors, such as ion-selective electrodes and optodes; and (3) the sensing system consisting of a disposable oil sensor, a programmed stepper motor, and a smartphone is portable, cost-effective, and user-friendly. The accuracy and precision of Ca2+ sensors are validated in 51 blood samples with varying concentrations of total plasma Ca2+. Oil sensors with an ultrasensitive response can also be obtained for other ions, such as K+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Ghanbari Ghalehjoughi
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1001 W. Main Street, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Renjie Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, 777 Glades Road, Boca Raton, Florida 33431, United States
| | - Savannah Kelley
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1001 W. Main Street, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Xuewei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1001 W. Main Street, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
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8
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Galiński B, Chojnacki J, Wagner-Wysiecka E. Simple colorimetric copper(II) sensor - Spectral characterization and possible applications. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 293:122472. [PMID: 36801733 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
New o-hydroxyazocompound L bearing pyrrole residue was obtained in the simple synthetic protocol. The structure of L was confirmed and analyzed by X-ray diffraction. It was found that new chemosensor can be successfully used as copper(II) selective spectrophotometric regent in solution and can be also applied for the preparation of sensing materials generating selective color signal upon interaction with copper(II). Selective colorimetric response towards copper(II) is manifested by a distinct color change from yellow to pink. Proposed systems were effectively used for copper(II) determination at concentration level 10-8 M in model and real samples of water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Błażej Galiński
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Functional Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza Street 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jarosław Chojnacki
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza Street 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Ewa Wagner-Wysiecka
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Functional Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza Street 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland; Advanced Materials Center, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza Street 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
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9
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Oka S, Sueyoshi K, Endo T, Hisamoto H. Nanoemulsion-based silver ion-selective optode based on colorimetrically silver ion-responsive ionic liquid-based dye. ANAL SCI 2023:10.1007/s44211-023-00337-1. [PMID: 37046140 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-023-00337-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we describe the fast-responsive nanoemulsion (NE)-based silver ion (Ag+)-selective optode based on colorimetrically silver ion-responsive ionic liquid-based dye (ILD). The ILD comprises purely functional sensing molecules, a protonated cationic merocyanine dye (KD-M13-H+) and an anionic Ag+ ionophore (BDM-SO3-), and thus, it can be used for highly sensitive silver ion (Ag+) sensing due to the extremely high content of dye in the organic phase (ionic-liquid phase). However, during the Ag+ sensing, the cationic merocyanine dye is converted into electrically neutral form by deprotonation of the dye, which leads to the conversion of liquified dye into solid form in the organic phase, which makes the response time slower when ILD is used for poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) membrane-based ion-selective optode, especially for sensing of high Ag+ concentration. To solve this problem, we focused on the use of the nano-emulsification technique. The response time of the ILD-based nanoemulsion (NE) was considerably shorter (1 s) compared to that of the ILD-based PVC membrane (a few minutes) owing to the large surface area and excellent diffusivity of the emulsion. The ILD-based NE contained a very high dye concentration (833 mmol kg-1) and exhibited approximately 12 times higher sensitivity than that of the plasticizer-based conventional NE. In the cation measurements, the ILD-based NE responded to Ag+ via a cation-exchange mechanism and demonstrated a highly selective response to Ag+ (log [Formula: see text] = - 3.0). ILD-NE was successfully applied to the detection of spiked Ag+ in a tap water sample with recoveries of 98 - 103% with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of less than 5%. In comparison with NE based on non-ionic ionophores without charge, NE based on BDM-SO3- responded to lower Ag+ concentrations owing to the effect of negative charge on the binding property. The novel ILD-based NE was capable of highly sensitive, rapid, and selective Ag+ sensing, providing potential for analytical devices applicable to high-performance on-site analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuto Oka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan
| | - Kenji Sueyoshi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Endo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan
| | - Hideaki Hisamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan.
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10
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Nussbaum R, Robinson KJ, Soda Y, Bakker E. Optical Detection of Heparin in Whole Blood Samples Using Nanosensors Embedded in an Agarose Hydrogel. ACS Sens 2022; 7:3956-3962. [PMID: 36459400 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c02154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Point-of-care quantification of the anticoagulant heparin still remains a significant clinical challenge as the reference method (colorimetric anti-factor Xa assay) cannot be performed in whole blood. Our group recently put forth the novel optical nanosensing principle using an ionic solvatochromic dye as a signal transducer. These nanosensors demonstrated significantly improved selectivity and sensitivity compared to ion-exchange-type polyion nanosensors and enabled protamine/heparin quantification in blood plasma samples. However, because the readout is absorbance-based, they are still not suitable for whole blood measurements. To overcome the background absorbance of blood, the nanosensors were here embedded in an agarose hydrogel capable of filtering out red blood cells while allowing plasma components to diffuse into the gel. Calibration curves for both protamine and heparin were successfully obtained in buffer, undiluted plasma, and undiluted whole blood using different colorimetric image analysis methods and a simple experimental setup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Nussbaum
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Kye J Robinson
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yoshiki Soda
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Eric Bakker
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211Geneva, Switzerland
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11
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Lewińska I, Capitán-Vallvey LF, Erenas MM. Thread-based microfluidic sensor for lithium monitoring in saliva. Talanta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.124094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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12
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Huang W, Guo C, Zhai J, Xie X. Fluorescence Anisotropy as a Self-Referencing Readout for Ion-Selective Sensing and Imaging Using Homo-FRET between Chromoionophores. Anal Chem 2022; 94:9793-9800. [PMID: 35772106 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c01532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence anisotropy has been widely used in developing biosensors and immunoassays, by virtue of the self-reference and environment-sensitive properties. However, fluorescence anisotropic chemical sensors on inorganic ions are limited by the total anisotropy change. To this end, we demonstrate here fluorescence anisotropic ion-selective optodes based on the homo-FRET (Förster resonance energy transfer) of the crowded chromoionophores. The conventional fluorescence on-off mode is transformed into the anisotropic mode. Variation of the target ion concentration changes the inter-chromoionophore distance in the organic sensing phase, leading to different extents of homo-FRET and steady-state anisotropy. A theoretical model is developed by coupling homo-FRET and anisotropy. Anisotropic detections of pH, K+, and Na+ are demonstrated as examples based on the different ionophores for H+, K+, and Na+, respectively. Further, fluorescence imaging of the nano-optodes, plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) sensing films, and live cells are demonstrated using a homemade fluorescence anisotropic imaging platform. The results form the basis of an ion-selective analytical method operating in the fluorescence anisotropic mode, which could potentially be applied to other fluorescence on-off probes based on homo-FRET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Chao Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jingying Zhai
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaojiang Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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13
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Du X, Li N, Chen Q, Wu Z, Zhai J, Xie X. Perspective on fluorescence cell imaging with ionophore-based ion-selective nano-optodes. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2022; 16:031301. [PMID: 35698631 PMCID: PMC9188459 DOI: 10.1063/5.0090599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic ions are ubiquitous in all kinds of cells with highly dynamic spatial and temporal distribution. Taking advantage of different types of fluorescent probes, fluorescence microscopic imaging and quantitative analysis of ion concentrations in cells have rapidly advanced. A family of fluorescent nanoprobes based on ionophores has emerged in recent years with the potential to establish a unique platform for the analysis of common biological ions including Na+, K+, Ca2+, Cl-, and so on. This article aims at providing a retrospect and outlook of ionophore-based ion-selective nanoprobes and the applications in cell imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinfeng Du
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Niping Li
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Qinghan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zeying Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Changzhou Institute of Technology, Changzhou 213032, China
| | - Jingying Zhai
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed:; ; and
| | - Xiaojiang Xie
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed:; ; and
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14
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Ionophore-Based Potassium Selective Fluorescent Organosilica Nano-Optodes Containing Covalently Attached Solvatochromic Dyes. CHEMOSENSORS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors10010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent nanoprobes containing ionophores and solvatochromic dyes (SDs) were previously reported as an alternative to chromoionophore-based nano-optodes. However, the small-molecular SDs are prone to leakage and sequestration in complex samples. Here, we chemically attached the SDs to the surface of organosilica nanospheres through copper-catalyzed Click chemistry to prevent dye leakage. The nano-optodes remained well responsive to K+ even after exposure to a large amount of cation-exchange resin, which acted as a sink of the SDs. The potassium nanoprobes exhibited a dynamic range between 1 μM to 10 mM and a good selectivity thanks to valinomycin. Preliminary sensing device based on a nylon filter paper and agarose hydrogel was demonstrated. The results indicate that the covalent anchoring of SDs on nanospheres is promising for developing ionophore-based nanoprobes.
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15
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Liu Y, Fan J, Zhang N, Xu H, Su W, Qin Y, Jiang D. Trihexyltetradecylphosphonium chloride based ratiometric fluorescent nanosensors for multiplex anion discrimination. Analyst 2022; 147:3209-3218. [DOI: 10.1039/d2an00735e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A multiplex anion-responsive platform was developed with [THTP][Cl] and ETH5350, providing colorimetric and spectroscopic transformations. By choosing suitable ionophores, a pool of nanosensors for extended anions could be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P.R. China
- Department of Applied Biology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P.R. China
| | - Jianhua Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P.R. China
- Department of Applied Biology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P.R. China
| | - Ni Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P.R. China
| | - Huiying Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P.R. China
| | - Wei Su
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P.R. China
| | - Yu Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P.R. China
| | - Dechen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P.R. China
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16
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Sodia T, David AA, Chesney AP, Perri JN, Gutierrez GE, Nepple CM, Isbell SM, Cash KJ. Nanoparticle-Based Liquid-Liquid Extraction for the Determination of Metal Ions. ACS Sens 2021; 6:4408-4416. [PMID: 34793121 PMCID: PMC8715536 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c01780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Traditional liquid phase extraction techniques that use optically responsive ligands provide benefits that enable cost-efficient and rapid measurements. However, these approaches have limitations in their excessive use of organic solvents and multistep procedures. Here, we developed a simple, nanoscale extraction approach by replacing the macroscopic organic phase with hydrophobic polymeric nanoparticles that are dispersed in an aqueous feed. The concentration of analytes in polymeric nanoparticle suspensions is governed by similar partition principles to liquid-liquid phase extraction techniques. By encasing optically responsive metal ligands inside polymeric nanoparticles, we introduce a one-step metal quantification assay based on traditional two-phase extraction methodologies. As an initial proof of concept, we encapsulated bathophenanthroline (BP) inside the particles to extract then quantify Fe2+ with colorimetry in a dissolved supplement tablet and creek water. These Fe2+ nanosensors are sensitive and selective and report out with fluorescence by adding a fluorophore (DiO) into the particle core. To show that this new rapid extraction assay is not exclusive to measuring Fe2+, we replaced BP with either 8-hydroxyquinoline or bathocuproine to measure Al3+ or Cu+, respectively, in water samples. Utilizing this nanoscale extraction approach will allow users to rapidly quantify metals of interest without the drawbacks of larger-scale phase extraction approaches while also allowing for the expansion of phase extraction methodologies into areas of biological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler
Z. Sodia
- Quantitative
Biosciences and Engineering, Colorado School
of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Alexa A. David
- Chemical
and Biological Engineering, Colorado School
of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Ashley P. Chesney
- Chemical
and Biological Engineering, Colorado School
of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Juliana N. Perri
- Chemical
and Biological Engineering, Colorado School
of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | | | - Cecilia M. Nepple
- Chemical
and Biological Engineering, Colorado School
of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Sydney M. Isbell
- Chemical
and Biological Engineering, Colorado School
of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Kevin J. Cash
- Quantitative
Biosciences and Engineering, Colorado School
of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
- Chemical
and Biological Engineering, Colorado School
of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
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17
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Wang R, Zhou Y, Ghanbari Ghalehjoughi N, Mawaldi Y, Wang X. Ion-Induced Phase Transfer of Cationic Dyes for Fluorescence-Based Electrolyte Sensing in Droplet Microfluidics. Anal Chem 2021; 93:13694-13702. [PMID: 34590485 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence-based sensing in droplet microfluidics requires small sample volumes, allows for high-throughput assays, and does not suffer from photobleaching as each flowing sensor is only scanned one time. In this paper, we report a selective and sensitive fluorescence-based ion-sensing methodology in droplet microfluidics using a T-junction PDMS chip. The oil stream is doped with sensor ingredients including an ionophore, a cation exchanger, and a permanently cationic fluorophore as the optical reporter. Electrolyte cations from the aqueous sample are extracted into oil segments and displace the cationic dyes into aqueous droplets. Laser-induced fluorescence of the two immiscible phases is collected alternately, which is in clear contrast to most other ion-selective optode configurations such as nanoparticle suspensions that rely on mixed optical signals of two phases. The cation exchanger, tetrakis[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]borate, is found to dramatically enhance the dye emission in the nonpolar sensing oil by preventing ion-pairing interactions and aggregations of the dye molecules, providing new insights into the mechanism of cationic dye-based ion sensors. The high dye brightness allows us to use low concentrations of sensing chemicals (e.g., 10 μM) in the oil and attain high sensitivity for detection of ions in an equal volume of sample. Using valinomycin as the ionophore and methylene blue as the dye, K+ is detected with a response time of ∼11 s, a logarithmic linear range of 10-5 to 10-2 M, a 20-fold total fluorescence response, >1000-fold selectivity against other electrolyte cations, and negligible cross-sensitivity toward the sample pH. The K+ concentration in untreated and undiluted whole blood and sweat samples is successfully determined by this microfluidic sensing method without optical interference from the droplet sample to the sensing oil. Detection of other ionic analytes can be achieved using the corresponding ionophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjie Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Yang Zhou
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | | | - Yazan Mawaldi
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Xuewei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
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18
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Brady B, Wang R, Cheong R, Wang X. Digital printing of selective and reversible ion optodes on fabrics: toward smart clothes for epidermal chemical sensing. Analyst 2021; 146:6119-6123. [PMID: 34522919 DOI: 10.1039/d1an01349a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
While wearable chemical sensors often rely on electrochemical techniques, optical chemical sensors coupled with a smartphone or a miniaturized camera represent an attractive approach to the monitoring of sweat composition. In this paper, we modify real sports fabrics such as polyester-spandex fabrics with rational combinations of sensing chemicals including a pH indicator, an ion exchanger, and an ionophore via one-step inkjet printing. Highly selective and fully reversible pH optodes as well as Na+- and K+-selective optodes are obtained only when the most hydrophobic sensing chemicals are used (e.g., sodium ionophore VIII vs. sodium ionophore VI). These sensors exhibit large color-based responses that can be readily identified by naked eye or analyzed via an iPhone app. Their dynamic ranges well cover the physiological sweat concentrations of the analytes. Compared to most other sensors created on garments, our fabric-based optodes are cost-effective, mass-reproducible by the digital printing technology currently used in the textile industry, and do not significantly compromise the essential properties of fabrics such as flexibility, stretchability, wickability, and breathability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brock Brady
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1001 W. Main St., Richmond, VA 23283, USA.
| | - Renjie Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1001 W. Main St., Richmond, VA 23283, USA.
| | - Rosemary Cheong
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1001 W. Main St., Richmond, VA 23283, USA.
| | - Xuewei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1001 W. Main St., Richmond, VA 23283, USA.
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19
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A colorimetric paper-based optode sensor for highly sensitive and selective determination of thiocyanate in urine sample using cobalt porphyrin derivative. Talanta 2021; 231:122371. [PMID: 33965036 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a highly sensitive colorimetric paper-based optode for the determination of thiocyanate in urine samples was developed for the first time. The cocktail solution of the optode was composed of 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-octyloxyphenyl)porphyrin cobalt(II) complex (L), tridodecylmethylammonium chloride (TDMACl), 2-nitrophenyl octyl ether, and polyvinyl chloride as an ionophore, an ion exchanger, a plasticizer, and a polymer, respectively. The paper-based optode responded to thiocyanate by increasing the blue component in the RGB index and a visible change, with the naked-eye, of the optode color from pink to green was observed. From the central composite design, the optimized conditions that yielded the highest sensitivity were 4.70 mmol/kg TDMACl and 13.75 mmol/kg L. The developed optode sensor was highly selective and responded to thiocyanate over other anions, with a working range of 0.001-5 mM and with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.9915. The limits of detection using naked-eye and camera were determined to be 50.0 μM and 1.26 μM, respectively. In addition, the LOD and LOQ estimated from the standard deviation of the blank were 0.65 and 1.87 μM, respectively. Furthermore, this sensor was successfully applied to the detection of thiocyanate in urine samples from non-smokers and smokers. The results were in good agreement with the standard ion chromatography (IC) technique. This developed paper-based optode sensor was simple, low-cost, portable, and easy to use as a sensing device without any complicated instrument.
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20
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Lookadoo DB, Schonhorn JE, Harpaldas H, Uherek CM, Schatz P, Lindgren A, Depa M, Kumar AA. Paper-Based Optode Devices (PODs) for Selective Quantification of Potassium in Biological Fluids. Anal Chem 2021; 93:9383-9389. [PMID: 34192456 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c00794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes the design, fabrication, and feasibility of paper-based optode devices (PODs) for sensing potassium selectively in biological fluids. PODs operate in exhaustive mode and integrate with a handheld, smartphone-connected optical reader. This integrated measuring system provides significant advantages over traditional optode membranes and other paper-based designs, by obtaining a linear optical response to potassium concentration via a simple, stackable design and by harnessing a smartphone to provide an easy-to-use interface, thus enabling remote monitoring of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Philipp Schatz
- Precision Medicine & Biosamples, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Lindgren
- Precision Medicine & Biosamples, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Michal Depa
- Jana Care, Inc., Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Ashok A Kumar
- Jana Care, Inc., Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
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21
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Oishi R, Maki K, Mizuta T, Sueyoshi K, Endo T, Hisamoto H. Enzyme-responsive fluorescent nanoemulsion based on lipophilic dye liquid. Analyst 2021; 146:4121-4124. [PMID: 34075944 DOI: 10.1039/d1an00447f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An enzyme-responsive fluorescent nanoemulsion (NE) based on lipophilic dye liquid (LDL) was developed for alkaline phosphatase (ALP). The response mechanism of the NE involved enzymatic reactions and simultaneous extraction of anions. The LDL-based NE exhibited 3.8 times higher sensitivity than plasticizer-based conventional NE. Detection limit and response range were 2.7 (U L-1) and 5-50 (U L-1), respectively. The response time was reduced to less than half that of the LDL-based membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoutarou Oishi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuencho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
| | - Kaho Maki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuencho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
| | - Tatsumi Mizuta
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuencho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
| | - Kenji Sueyoshi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuencho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan. and Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), 5-3 Yonban-cho, Chiyoda, Tokyo 102-8666, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Endo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuencho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
| | - Hideaki Hisamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuencho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
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22
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Du X, Zhai J, Li X, Zhang Y, Li N, Xie X. Hydrogel-Based Optical Ion Sensors: Principles and Challenges for Point-of-Care Testing and Environmental Monitoring. ACS Sens 2021; 6:1990-2001. [PMID: 34044533 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c00756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogel is a unique family of biocompatible materials with growing applications in chemical and biological sensors. During the past few decades, various hydrogel-based optical ion sensors have been developed aiming at point-of-care testing and environmental monitoring. In this Perspective, we provide an overview of the research field including topics such as photonic crystals, DNAzyme cross-linked hydrogels, ionophore-based ion sensing hydrogels, and fluoroionophore-based optodes. As the different sensing principles are summarized, each strategy offers its advantages and limitations. In a nutshell, developing optical ion sensing hydrogels is still in the early stage with many opportunities lying ahead, especially with challenges in selectivity, assay time, detection limit, and usability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinfeng Du
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jingying Zhai
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xiaoang Li
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yupu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Niping Li
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xiaojiang Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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23
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Koren K, Zieger SE. Optode Based Chemical Imaging-Possibilities, Challenges, and New Avenues in Multidimensional Optical Sensing. ACS Sens 2021; 6:1671-1680. [PMID: 33905234 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c00480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Seeing is believing, as the saying goes, and optical sensors (so-called optodes) are tools that can make chemistry visible. Optodes react reversibly and quickly (seconds to minutes) to changing analyte concentrations, enabling the spatial and temporal visualization of an analyte in complex environments. By being available as planar sensor foils or in the form of nano- or microparticles, optodes are flexible tools suitable for a wide array of applications. The steadily grown applications of in particular oxygen (O2) and pH optodes in fields as diverse as medical, environmental, or material sciences is proof for the large demand of optode based chemical imaging. Nevertheless, the full potential of this technology is not exhausted yet, challenges have to be overcome, and new avenues wait to be taken. Within this Perspective, we look at where the field currently stands, highlight several successful examples of optode based chemical imaging and ask what it will take to advance current state-of-the-art technology. It is our intention to point toward some potential blind spots and to inspire further developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Koren
- Aarhus University Centre for Water Technology, Department of Biology, Section for Microbiology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Silvia E. Zieger
- Aarhus University Centre for Water Technology, Department of Biology, Section for Microbiology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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24
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Deng L, Zhai J, Du X, Xie X. Ionophore-Based Ion-Selective Nanospheres Based on Monomer-Dimer Conversion in the Near-Infrared Region. ACS Sens 2021; 6:1279-1285. [PMID: 33566586 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c02577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report ion-selective nanospheres with readout in the near-infrared (NIR) region in both fluorescence and absorbance modes. The nanospheres rely on an ionophore-mediated monomer-dimer conversion of an NIR transducer, DTTC. The DTTC monomer in the nanospheres emits fluorescence around 820 nm, while the dimer in the aqueous environment generates strong blue-shifted emission around 660 nm. With a lead ionophore, an unprecedented lower detection limit of 3 pM for Pb2+ was achieved, allowing us to determine Pb2+ levels in river water without diluting the sample. Also, the Cu2+-selective nanospheres showed a detection limit of 5 nM. Taking advantage of the biologically desired NIR window, blood potassium concentrations were also determined without a complicated sample pretreatment. The sensing process was explained with a theoretical model. The detection range was found finely adjustable by the amount of nanospheres used. Therefore, the nanospheres formed a highly selective, sensitive, versatile, and rapid analytical platform for metal-ion sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Deng
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jingying Zhai
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xinfeng Du
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaojiang Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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25
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Aldea A, Matei E, Leote RJ, Rau I, Enculescu I, Diculescu VC. Ionophore- Nafion™ modified gold-coated electrospun polymeric fibers electrodes for determination of electrolytes. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.137239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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26
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Highly sensitive optical ion sensor with ionic liquid-based colorimetric membrane/photonic crystal hybrid structure. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16739. [PMID: 33028964 PMCID: PMC7542176 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73858-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
An ionic liquid-based thin (~ 1 µm) colorimetric membrane (CM) is a key nano-tool for optical ion sensing, and a two-dimensional photonic crystal slab (PCS) is an important nano-platform for ultimate light control. For highly sensitive optical ion sensing, this report proposes a hybrid of these two optical nano-elements, namely, a CM/PCS hybrid. This structure was successfully fabricated by a simple and rapid process using nanoimprinting and spin-coating, which enabled control of the CM thickness. Optical characterization of the hybrid structure was conducted by optical measurement and simulation of the reflection spectrum, indicating that the light confined in the holes of the PCS was drastically absorbed by the CM when the spectrum overlapped with the absorption spectrum of the CM. This optical property obtained by the hybridization of CM and PCS enabled drastic improvement in the absorption sensitivity in Ca ion sensing, by ca. 78 times compared to that without PCS. Experimental and simulated investigation of the relation between the CM thickness and absorption sensitivity enhancement suggested that the controlled light in the PCS enhanced the absorption cross-section of the dye molecules within the CM based on the enhanced local density of states. This highly sensitive optical ion sensor is expected to be applied for micro-scale bio-analysis like cell-dynamics based on reflectometric Ca ion detection.
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27
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Dailey AL, Greer MD, Sodia TZ, Jewell MP, Kalin TA, Cash KJ. LipiSensors: Exploiting Lipid Nanoemulsions to Fabricate Ionophore-Based Nanosensors. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2020; 10:bios10090120. [PMID: 32927619 PMCID: PMC7557773 DOI: 10.3390/bios10090120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ionophore-based nanosensors (IBNS) are tools that enable quantification of analytes in complex chemical and biological systems. IBNS methodology is adopted from that of bulk optodes where an ion exchange event is converted to a change in optical output. While valuable, an important aspect for application is the ability to intentionally tune their size with simple approaches, and ensure that they contain compounds safe for application. Lipidots are a platform of size tunable lipid nanoemulsions with a hydrophobic lipid core typically used for imaging and drug delivery. Here, we present LipiSensors as size tunable IBNS by exploiting the Lipidot model as a hydrophobic structural support for the sensing moieties that are traditionally encased in plasticized PVC nanoparticles. The LipiSensors we demonstrate here are sensitive and selective for calcium, reversible, and have a lifetime of approximately one week. By changing the calcium sensing components inside the hydrophobic core of the LipiSensors to those sensitive for oxygen, they are also able to be used as ratiometric O2 sensitive nanosensors via a quenching-based mechanism. LipiSensors provide a versatile, general platform nanosensing with the ability to directly tune the size of the sensors while including biocompatible materials as the structural support by merging sensing approaches with the Lipidot platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra L. Dailey
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA; (A.L.D.); (M.D.G.); (M.P.J.); (T.A.K.)
| | - Meredith D. Greer
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA; (A.L.D.); (M.D.G.); (M.P.J.); (T.A.K.)
| | - Tyler Z. Sodia
- Quantitative Biosciences and Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA.;
| | - Megan P. Jewell
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA; (A.L.D.); (M.D.G.); (M.P.J.); (T.A.K.)
| | - Tabitha A. Kalin
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA; (A.L.D.); (M.D.G.); (M.P.J.); (T.A.K.)
| | - Kevin J. Cash
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA; (A.L.D.); (M.D.G.); (M.P.J.); (T.A.K.)
- Quantitative Biosciences and Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA.;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-303-273-3631
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28
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Tsai ES, Joud F, Wiesholler LM, Hirsch T, Hall EAH. Upconversion nanoparticles as intracellular pH messengers. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:6567-6581. [PMID: 32613570 PMCID: PMC7442772 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02768-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) should be particularly well suited for measurement inside cells because they can be imaged down to submicrometer dimensions in near real time using fluorescence microscopy, and they overcome problems, such as photobleaching, autofluorescence, and deep tissue penetration, that are commonly encountered in cellular imaging applications. In this study, the performance of an UCNP modified with a pH-sensitive dye (pHAb) is studied. The dye (emission wavelength 580 nm) was attached in a polyethylene imine (PEI) coating on the UCNP and excited via the 540-nm UCNP emission under 980-nm excitation. The UC resonance energy transfer efficiencies at different pHs ranged from 25 to 30% and a Förster distance of 2.56 nm was predicted from these results. Human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells, equilibrated with nigericin H+/K+ ionophore to equalize the intra- and extracellular pH' showed uptake of the UCNP-pHAb conjugate particles and, taking the ratio of the intensity collected from the pHAb emission channel (565-630 nm) to that from the UCNP red emission channel (640-680 nm), produced a sigmoidal pH response curve with an apparent pKa for the UCNP-pHAb of ~ 5.1. The UCNP-pHAb were shown to colocalize with LysoBrite dye, a lysosome marker. Drug inhibitors such as chlorpromazine (CPZ) and nystatin (NYS) that interfere with clathrin-mediated endocytosis and caveolae-mediated endocytosis, respectively, were investigated to elucidate the mechanism of nanoparticle uptake into the cell. This preliminary study suggests that pH indicator-modified UCNPs such as UCNP-pHAb can report pH in SH-SY5Y cells and that the incorporation of the nanoparticles into the cell occurs via clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evaline S Tsai
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Dr., Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Fadwa Joud
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, LiKa Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Lisa M Wiesholler
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Hirsch
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Elizabeth A H Hall
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Dr., Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK.
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29
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Zhang Q, Wang X, Decker V, Meyerhoff ME. Plasticizer-Free Thin-Film Sodium-Selective Optodes Inkjet-Printed on Transparent Plastic for Sweat Analysis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:25616-25624. [PMID: 32426973 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c05379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A novel strategy to functionalize transparent flexible plastic films with an optical ion-sensing layer using an inkjet-printing technology is described. The hydrophobic sensing chemicals that include a sodium ionophore, a lipophilic proton chromoionophore, and a lipophilic ion-exchanger are co-deposited onto substrates such as transparent polyester film sheets in the absence of any plasticizer and/or hydrophobic polymer matrix. The inkjet-printing process enables the formation of optode films with nanoscale thickness/roughness that readily facilitate interfacing with aqueous samples. Using a smartphone detector, the colorimetric response of the optodes is shown to reach 95% of equilibrium values within 100 s in response to different concentrations of sodium ions, which is more rapid than traditional ion-selective optodes based on plasticized PVC films as the sensing layer. The new optodes also exhibit high selectivity to Na+ over interfering ions including K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+. Chemical leaching experiments show that the highly hydrophobic optode components remain in place on the plastic substrate surface. Hence, excellent sensor stability and fully reversible optical responses are obtained, which is essential for potential continuous monitoring applications. Further testing of the sensors with undiluted human sweat samples is shown to yield accurate values for sodium concentrations. Therefore, the use of plasticizer-free ion-selective optode nanolayers that enable highly selective ion sensing on a clear plastic support is likely to expand the range of available chemical sensors suited for preparing wearable real-time sweat analysis devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Xuewei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Vanessa Decker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Mark E Meyerhoff
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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30
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Wang X, Zhou Y, Decker V, Meyerhoff M, Sun M, Cui Y. Plasticizer-free and pH-independent ion-selective optode films based on a solvatochromic dye. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2020; 12:2547-2550. [PMID: 32930279 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay00439a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A layer of a solvatochromic dye, an ionophore, and an ion-exchanger deposited on a Nylon membrane enables highly selective colorimetric and fluorometric ion sensing. This new platform does not suffer from interference from the sample pH and does not require a plasticizer to dissolve the sensing chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1001 W. Main St., Richmond, VA 23284, USA.
| | - Yang Zhou
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Vanessa Decker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Mark Meyerhoff
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Meng Sun
- Department of Biophysics, University of Michigan, 930 N. University, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yu Cui
- Institute for Smart Materials & Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, P. R. China
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31
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Fernández-Ramos MD, Ogunneye AL, Babarinde NAA, Erenas MM, Capitán-Vallvey LF. Bioactive microfluidic paper device for pesticide determination in waters. Talanta 2020; 218:121108. [PMID: 32797872 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This work presents a new optical microfluidic paper biosensor for the detection of organophosphate pesticides and carbamate pesticides. The assay strip is composed of a paper support (1 × 17.6 mm) onto which acetylcholine esterase (AChE) and acetylcholine chloride (AChCl) are deposited, in such a way that there is a small hole between them that ensures that they only come into contact in the reaction zone when they are carried by a solution of the sample by lateral flow to the reaction zone containing bromocresol purple (BCP) as the pH indicator, immobilized by sol-gel. The sensor operates at room temperature and the rate of the inhibited reaction serves as an analytical signal, which is measured using a camera by quantifying the appropriate colour coordinate. Calibration curves were obtained for chlorpyrifos and carbaryl, with a useful concentration range from 0.24 to 20 μg L-1 for carbaryl and from 2.00 to 45 μg L-1 for chlorpyrifos. The detection limits were 0.24 and 2.00 μg L-1, respectively, and with reproducibility around 4.2-5.5%. The method was applied to the determination of pesticides in different water samples, with no sample preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Fernández-Ramos
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Campus Fuentenueva, Faculty of Sciences, 18071, University of Granada, Spain; Unit of Excellence in Chemistry applied to Biomedicine and the Environment of the University of Granada, Spain.
| | - A L Ogunneye
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - N A A Babarinde
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - M M Erenas
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Campus Fuentenueva, Faculty of Sciences, 18071, University of Granada, Spain; Unit of Excellence in Chemistry applied to Biomedicine and the Environment of the University of Granada, Spain
| | - L F Capitán-Vallvey
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Campus Fuentenueva, Faculty of Sciences, 18071, University of Granada, Spain; Unit of Excellence in Chemistry applied to Biomedicine and the Environment of the University of Granada, Spain
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32
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Jewell MP, Greer MD, Dailey AL, Cash KJ. Triplet-Triplet Annihilation Upconversion Based Nanosensors for Fluorescence Detection of Potassium. ACS Sens 2020; 5:474-480. [PMID: 31912733 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b02252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Typical ionophore-based nanosensors use Nile blue derived indicators called chromoionophores, which must contend with strong background absorption, autofluorescence, and scattering in biological samples that limit their usefulness. Here, we demonstrate potassium-selective nanosensors that utilize triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion to minimize potential optical interference in biological media and a pH-sensitive quencher molecule to modulate the upconversion intensity in response to changes in analyte concentration. A triplet-triplet annihilation dye pair (platinum(II) octaethylporphyrin and 9,10-diphenylanthracene) was integrated into nanosensors containing an analyte binding ligand (ionophore), charge-balancing additive, and a pH indicator quencher. The nanosensor response to potassium was shown to be reversible and stable for 3 days. In addition, the nanosensors are selective against sodium, calcium, and magnesium (selectivity coefficients in log10 units of -2.2 for calcium, -2.0 for sodium, and -2.4 for magnesium), three interfering ions found in biological samples. The lack of signal overlap between the upconversion nanosensors and GFP, a common biological fluorescent indicator, is demonstrated in confocal microscope images of sensors embedded in a bacterial biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan P. Jewell
- Chemical and Biological Engineering Department, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Meredith D. Greer
- Chemical and Biological Engineering Department, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Alexandra L. Dailey
- Chemical and Biological Engineering Department, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Kevin J. Cash
- Chemical and Biological Engineering Department, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
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33
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Oishi R, Mizuta T, Sueyoshi K, Endo T, Hisamoto H. Enzyme-responsive Fluorescent Ionic Liquid. ANAL SCI 2020; 36:143-145. [PMID: 31983712 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.19c013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we describe the development of a novel material, "enzyme-responsive fluorescent ionic liquid", which enabled a highly sensitive detection of alkaline phosphatase (ALP). We prepared a plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) membrane using this new material as a plasticizer and quantified ALP in aqueous solutions. Preliminary results suggested that the PVC membrane responded to ALP at an interface between the membrane and the sample solution with anion extraction to maintain electroneutrality in the membrane phase. The developed PVC membrane showed an approximately six-times higher sensitivity than the conventional membrane, thereby demonstrating highly sensitive ALP detection. These results suggested the potential applicability of the proposed membrane for highly sensitive protein detection by using ALP-labeled antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoutarou Oishi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University
| | - Tatsumi Mizuta
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University
| | - Kenji Sueyoshi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University.,PRESTO, JST, Japan Science Technology Agency
| | - Tatsuro Endo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University.,PRESTO, JST, Japan Science Technology Agency
| | - Hideaki Hisamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University
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34
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Fan L, Xu T, Feng J, Ji Z, Li L, Shi X, Tian C, Qin Y. Tripodal Squaramide Derivative as a Neutral Chloride Ionophore for Whole Blood and Sweat Chloride Measurement. ELECTROANAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201900693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Fan
- Eaglenos, Inc.5th Floor, Building 8 No 11 Yaogu Avenue, Nanjing Jiangbei New Area Nanjing China 210063
| | - Tingting Xu
- Eaglenos, Inc.5th Floor, Building 8 No 11 Yaogu Avenue, Nanjing Jiangbei New Area Nanjing China 210063
| | - Junjun Feng
- Eaglenos, Inc.5th Floor, Building 8 No 11 Yaogu Avenue, Nanjing Jiangbei New Area Nanjing China 210063
| | - Zihan Ji
- Eaglenos, Inc.5th Floor, Building 8 No 11 Yaogu Avenue, Nanjing Jiangbei New Area Nanjing China 210063
| | - Le Li
- Eaglenos, Inc.5th Floor, Building 8 No 11 Yaogu Avenue, Nanjing Jiangbei New Area Nanjing China 210063
| | - Xinhao Shi
- Eaglenos, Inc.5th Floor, Building 8 No 11 Yaogu Avenue, Nanjing Jiangbei New Area Nanjing China 210063
| | - Chunxiu Tian
- Eaglenos, Inc.5th Floor, Building 8 No 11 Yaogu Avenue, Nanjing Jiangbei New Area Nanjing China 210063
| | - Yu Qin
- Eaglenos, Inc.5th Floor, Building 8 No 11 Yaogu Avenue, Nanjing Jiangbei New Area Nanjing China 210063
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35
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Inkjet-printed pH-independent paper-based calcium sensor with fluorescence signal readout relying on a solvatochromic dye. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 412:3489-3497. [PMID: 31773228 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-02218-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A challenge for paper-based cation sensors relying on classical carrier-based ion-selective optodes (ISOs) is their pH-cross response caused by the use of H+-sensitive chromoionophores as optical signal transducers. This work demonstrates fully pH-independent fluorescence-based calcium detection with a paper-based plasticizer-free ISO. To achieve a pH-independent assay, a solvatochromic dye (SD) instead of a traditional H+-sensitive chromoionophore has been applied to the paper-based ISO by means of inkjet printing technology. The detection principle depends on an ionophore-driven phase-transfer ion-exchange reaction between target cations and the positively charged SD, which no longer involves H+ in the optical signal transduction process. The developed paper-based ISOs with the SD resulted in Ca2+ concentration-dependent response curves not affected by the sample pH (pH 6.0, 7.0, and 8.0). The dynamic range obtained for Ca2+ detection was from 10-5 to 1 mol L-1 with a detection limit of 19.3 μmol L-1. Additionally, excellent selectivity derived from the used ionophore has been confirmed. As a simple practical application, the determination of Ca2+ in mineral water has been achieved without the pH-buffering process required for conventional cation-exchange ISOs.
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36
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Real time monitoring of glucose in whole blood by smartphone. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 136:47-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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37
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Ferris MS, Elms MK, Cash KJ. Enzyme‐conjugated nanosensors with tunable detection limits for small biomolecule determination. AIChE J 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.16698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark S. Ferris
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringColorado School of Mines Golden CO
| | - Makayla K. Elms
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringColorado School of Mines Golden CO
| | - Kevin J. Cash
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringColorado School of Mines Golden CO
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38
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Deng
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jingying Zhai
- SUSTech Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xiaojiang Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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39
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Abdel-Haleem FM, Zahran EM. Miniaturization overcomes macro sample analysis limitations: Salicylate-selective polystyrene nanoparticle-modified optical sensor. Talanta 2019; 196:436-441. [PMID: 30683389 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.12.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Salicylate-selective polystyrene micro-optode is engineered using a mixed solvent method. The size of the particles (200-400 nm) and the distribution of the recognition components onto their surface were elucidated by transmission electron microscope and confocal fluorescence microscope. The polystyrene micro/nanoparticles are modified with thiourea derivative as ionophore, ETH 7075 as chromoionophore, and tridodecylmethyl ammonium chloride (TDMAC) as ion-exchanger. The response mechanism depends on the selective binding of the ionophore at the surface of the particles to salicylate. A concomitant protonation of the chromoionophore results in a decrease in the absorbance at the maximum wavelength, 535 nm. Enabling this sensing interaction at the micro-scale decreases the response time of the optode to be lower than 10 s the concentration range of 3-70 µM, with a detection limit of 2.1 μM. This microsphere sensing platform demonstrated excellent performance in the determination of salicylate in spiked urine samples and in pharmaceutical formulations. Further miniaturization of these micro-optodes promises in-vivo analysis of intracellular analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatehy M Abdel-Haleem
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Gamma street, Giza 12613, Egypt.
| | - Elsayed M Zahran
- Department of Chemistry, Ball State University, Muncie, IN 47306, USA.
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40
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Erenas MM, Ortiz-Gómez I, de Orbe-Payá I, Hernández-Alonso D, Ballester P, Blondeau P, Andrade FJ, Salinas-Castillo A, Capitán-Vallvey LF. Ionophore-Based Optical Sensor for Urine Creatinine Determination. ACS Sens 2019; 4:421-426. [PMID: 30667218 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.8b01378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Creatinine is a metabolite present in urine, and its concentration is used to diagnose and monitor kidney performance. For that reason, the development of new sensors to analyze this metabolite and obtain accurate results in a short period of time is necessary. An optical disposable sensor for monitoring creatinine levels in urine is described. The system, based on a new aryl-substituted calix[4]pyrrole synthetic receptor, has an unusual coextraction scheme. Due to the low p Ka values of creatininium (p Ka 4.8), a careful selection of a lipophilic pH indicator that works in acid medium is required. The sensor components were optimized, and the new sensor displays a good response time to creatinine (approximately 3 min) over a wide dynamic range (from 1 × 10-5 to 1 × 10-2 M). Moreover, the optical selectivity coefficients obtained for creatinine over common cations present in urine meet the requirements for real sample measurements. With a good sensor-to-sensor reproducibility (RSD, 5.1-6.9% in the middle of the range), this method provides a simple, quick, cost-effective, and selective alternative to the conventional methodology based on Jaffé's reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Daniel Hernández-Alonso
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans, 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Pablo Ballester
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans, 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Catalan Institution
for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pascal Blondeau
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), C/Marcel·lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Andrade
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), C/Marcel·lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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41
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Moßhammer M, Brodersen KE, Kühl M, Koren K. Nanoparticle- and microparticle-based luminescence imaging of chemical species and temperature in aquatic systems: a review. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:126. [PMID: 30680465 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-018-3202-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Most aquatic systems rely on a multitude of biogeochemical processes that are coupled with each other in a complex and dynamic manner. To understand such processes, minimally invasive analytical tools are required that allow continuous, real-time measurements of individual reactions in these complex systems. Optical chemical sensors can be used in the form of fiber-optic sensors, planar sensors, or as micro- and nanoparticles (MPs and NPs). All have their specific merits, but only the latter allow for visualization and quantification of chemical gradients over 3D structures. This review (with 147 references) summarizes recent developments mainly in the field of optical NP sensors relevant for chemical imaging in aquatic science. The review encompasses methods for signal read-out and imaging, preparation of NPs and MPs, and an overview of relevant MP/NP-based sensors. Additionally, examples of MP/NP-based sensors in aquatic systems such as corals, plant tissue, biofilms, sediments and water-sediment interfaces, marine snow and in 3D bioprinting are given. We also address current challenges and future perspectives of NP-based sensing in aquatic systems in a concluding section. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Moßhammer
- Marine Biological Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 3000, Helsingør, Denmark
| | - Kasper Elgetti Brodersen
- Marine Biological Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 3000, Helsingør, Denmark
| | - Michael Kühl
- Marine Biological Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 3000, Helsingør, Denmark.
- Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia.
| | - Klaus Koren
- Aarhus University Center for Water Technology, Department of Bioscience - Microbiology, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark.
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42
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Ferris MS, Behr MR, Cash KJ. An ionophore-based persistent luminescent ‘Glow Sensor’ for sodium detection. RSC Adv 2019; 9:32821-32825. [PMID: 35529711 PMCID: PMC9073184 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra05313a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Optical sensors have numerous positive attributes such as low invasiveness, miniaturizability, biocompatibility, and ease of signal transduction. Recently, there has been a strong research focus on using phosphorescent readout mechanisms, specifically from long-lifetime phosphorescent or ‘persistent luminescence’ particles, for in vitro and in vivo sensors. Persistent luminescence readouts can avoid cellular autofluorescence during biological monitoring, leading to an improved signal-to-noise ratio over a more traditional fluorescence readout. In this study, we show for the first time an ionophore-based optical bulk optode sensor that utilizes persistent luminescence microparticles for ion detection. To achieve this, we combined long-lifetime strontium aluminate-based ‘glow-in-the-dark’ microparticles with a non-fluorescent pH-responsive dye in a hydrophobic plasticized polymer membrane along with traditional ionophore-based optical sensor components to create a phosphorescent ‘Glow Sensor’. The non-fluorescent pH indicator dye gates the strontium aluminate luminescence signal so that it decreases in magnitude with increasing sodium concentration. We characterized the Glow Sensor in terms of emission lifetime, dynamic range, response time, reversibility, selectivity, and stability. A sodium-selective bulk-optode sensor is created by coupling persistent luminescence microparticles with a pH-sensitive dye through an ionophore-based detection mechanism.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark S. Ferris
- Chemical and Biological Engineering Department
- Colorado School of Mines
- Golden
- USA
| | - Madeline R. Behr
- Chemical and Biological Engineering Department
- Colorado School of Mines
- Golden
- USA
| | - Kevin J. Cash
- Chemical and Biological Engineering Department
- Colorado School of Mines
- Golden
- USA
- Quantitative Biosciences and Engineering
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43
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Du X, Huang M, Wang R, Zhai J, Xie X. A rapid point-of-care optical ion sensing platform based on target-induced dye release from smart hydrogels. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:1774-1777. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc09434a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
We report here a rapid and versatile metal ion analytical platform based on the dye release from hydrogels entrapping ion-selective microdroplets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinfeng Du
- Department of Chemistry
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - Manling Huang
- Department of Chemistry
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - Renjie Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - Jingying Zhai
- Department of Chemistry
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - Xiaojiang Xie
- Department of Chemistry
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- China
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44
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Yang W, Zhai J, Xie X. Rhodamine dye transfer from hydrogel to nanospheres for the chemical detection of potassium ions. Analyst 2019; 144:5617-5623. [DOI: 10.1039/c9an01079c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Smart hydrogels incorporating various functional nanomaterials are becoming popular tools for chemical sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yang
- Department of Chemistry
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - Jingying Zhai
- SUSTech Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - Xiaojiang Xie
- Department of Chemistry
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- China
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45
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Shibata H, Hiruta Y, Citterio D. Fully inkjet-printed distance-based paper microfluidic devices for colorimetric calcium determination using ion-selective optodes. Analyst 2018; 144:1178-1186. [PMID: 30560965 DOI: 10.1039/c8an02146e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Although the determination of calcium ions (Ca2+) is of high importance to monitor water hardness, currently available devices for on-site analysis suffer from a lack of user-friendliness and sensitivity. This work demonstrates fully inkjet-printed and low-cost microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) for the simple naked-eye colorimetric determination of calcium ions (Ca2+) in drinking and tap water samples. The quantification of Ca2+ relies on visual readout of the length of a colour-changed detection channel modified with ionophore-doped ion-selective optode nanospheres (nano-optodes), eliminating the requirement of a scanner or a camera. All fabrication steps for deposition of assay reagents have been performed by means of a simple desktop thermal inkjet printer, which is expected to contribute to highly batch-to-batch reproducible device preparation. The detectable Ca2+ concentrations between 0.05 mmol L-1 and 5 mmol L-1 cover the range recommended by the International Organization for Standardization (0.05-2.5 mmol L-1) and the World Health Organization (WHO) guideline for Ca2+ quantification in drinking water (less than 5 mmol L-1). The lowest concentration of Ca2+ detectable by the naked eye was found to be 0.05 mmol L-1, which is below the value achieved with previously reported paper-based devices. μPAD quantified Ca2+ concentrations in tap or drinking waters were within 15% error of the results obtained with a classical complexometric titration. Hence, distance-based μPADs relying on nano-optodes are sensitive and reproducible tools for equipment-free on-site assaying of Ca2+ in real samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Shibata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan.
| | - Yuki Hiruta
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan.
| | - Daniel Citterio
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan.
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46
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Wang R, Du X, Wu Y, Zhai J, Xie X. Graphene Quantum Dots Integrated in Ionophore-Based Fluorescent Nanosensors for Na + and K .. ACS Sens 2018; 3:2408-2414. [PMID: 30387340 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.8b00918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
To enrich the recipes of ion-selective nanosensors, graphene quantum dots (GQDs) were integrated into ionophore-based fluorescent nanosensors with exquisite selectivity and high sensitivity for Na+ and K+. The unique property of GQDs gave the nanosensors ultrasmall size (ca. 10 nm), high brightness, good biocompatibility, and potential pH sensing possibility. At pH 7.4, the sensors exhibited a detection range from 0.1 mM to 1 M for Na+ and from 3 μM to 1 mM for K+. The nanosensors were successfully applied to blood serum and urine samples. Chemically induced intracellular sodium concentration change in HeLa cells was also qualitatively monitored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjie Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Xinfeng Du
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Yaotian Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Jingying Zhai
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojiang Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
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Ivanova IS, Baulin VE, Pyatova EN, Ilyukhin AB, Galkina EN, Yakushev IA, Dorovatovskii PV, Tsivadze AY. Structure and Ion-Selective Properties of 2-Phosphorylphenols. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363218090177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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48
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Zhu C, Huang M, Lan J, Chung LW, Li X, Xie X. Colorimetric Calcium Probe with Comparison to an Ion-Selective Optode. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:12476-12481. [PMID: 31457978 PMCID: PMC6644788 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Design strategies for small molecular probes lay the foundation of numerous synthetic chemosensors. A water-soluble colorimetric calcium molecular probe inspired by the ionophore-based ion-selective optode is presented here with a tunable detection range (around micromolar at pH 7). The binding of Ca2+ resulted in the deprotonation of the probe and thus a significant spectral change, mimicking the ion-exchange process in ion-selective optodes. The 1:1 exchange between Ca2+ and H+ was confirmed with Job's plot. Computational studies revealed possible monomer and dimer forms of the probe-Ca2+ complexes.
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Zhai J, Yang L, Du X, Xie X. Electrochemical-to-Optical Signal Transduction for Ion-Selective Electrodes with Light-Emitting Diodes. Anal Chem 2018; 90:12791-12795. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b03213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingying Zhai
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Liyuan Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xinfeng Du
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xiaojiang Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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50
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Jansod S, Cuartero M, Cherubini T, Bakker E. Colorimetric Readout for Potentiometric Sensors with Closed Bipolar Electrodes. Anal Chem 2018; 90:6376-6379. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b01585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sutida Jansod
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Maria Cuartero
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Cherubini
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Eric Bakker
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
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