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Liu L, He W, Xu P, Wei W, Wang J, Liu K. Contribution of the transcription factor SfGATAe to Bt Cry toxin resistance in Spodoptera frugiperda through reduction of ABCC2 expression. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131459. [PMID: 38593893 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Insect resistance evolution poses a significant threat to the advantages of biopesticides and transgenic crops utilizing insecticidal Cry-toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). However, there is limited research on the relationship between transcriptional regulation of specific toxin receptors in lepidopteran insects and their resistance to Bt toxins. Here, we report the positive regulatory role of the SfGATAe transcription factor on the expression of the ABCC2 gene in Spodoptera frugiperda. DNA regions in the SfABCC2 promoter that are vital for regulation by SfGATAe, utilizing DAP-seq technology and promoter deletion mapping. Through yeast one-hybrid assays, DNA pull-down experiments, and site-directed mutagenesis, we confirmed that the transcription factor SfGATAe regulates the core control site PBS2 in the ABCC2 target gene. Tissue-specific expression analysis has revealed that SfGATAe is involved in the regulation and expression of midgut cells in the fall armyworm. Silencing SfGATAe in fall armyworm larvae resulted in reduced expression of SfABCC2 and decreased sensitivity to Cry1Ac toxin. Overall, this study elucidated the regulatory mechanism of the transcription factor SfGATAe on the expression of the toxin receptor gene SfABCC2 and this transcriptional control mechanism impacts the resistance of the fall armyworm to Bt toxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Liu
- Center of Applied Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Wuhan University of Bioengineering, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Wenfeng He
- Center of Applied Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Wuhan University of Bioengineering, Wuhan, Hubei, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Peiwen Xu
- Center of Applied Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Wuhan University of Bioengineering, Wuhan, Hubei, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Center of Applied Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Wuhan University of Bioengineering, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jintao Wang
- Center of Applied Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Wuhan University of Bioengineering, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Kaiyu Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Wang J, Zhang S, Kong J, Chang J. Pecan secondary metabolites influenced the population of Zeuzera coffeae by affecting the structure and function of the larval gut microbiota. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1379488. [PMID: 38680914 PMCID: PMC11045946 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1379488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The plant secondary metabolites (PSMs), as important plant resistance indicators, are important targets for screening plant insect resistance breeding. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether the population of Zeuzera coffeae (ZC) is affected by different varieties of Carya illinoinensis PSMs content. At the same time, the structure and function of the gut microbiome of ZC were also analyzed in relation to different pecan varieties. Methods We counted the populations of ZC larvae in four pecan varieties and determined the content of four types of PSMs. The structure and function of the larval gut microbiota were studied in connection to the number of larvae and the content of PSMs. The relationships were investigated between larval number, larval gut microbiota, and PSM content. Results We found that the tannins, total phenolics, and total saponins of 4 various pecans PSMs stifled the development of the ZC larval population. The PSMs can significantly affect the diversity and abundance of the larval gut microbiota. Enrichment of ASV46 (Pararhizobium sp.), ASV994 (Olivibacter sp.), ASV743 (Rhizobium sp.), ASV709 (Rhizobium sp.), ASV671 (Luteolibacter sp.), ASV599 (Agrobacterium sp.), ASV575 (Microbacterium sp.), and ASV27 (Rhizobium sp.) in the gut of larvae fed on high-resistance cultivars was positively associated with their tannin, total saponin, and total phenolic content. The results of the gut microbiome functional prediction for larvae fed highly resistant pecan varieties showed that the enriched pathways in the gut were related to the breakdown of hazardous chemicals. Conclusion Our findings provide further evidence that pecan PSMs influence the structure and function of the gut microbiota, which in turn affects the population stability of ZC. The study's findings can serve as a theoretical foundation for further work on selecting ZC-resistant cultivars and developing green management technology for ZC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shouke Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junqia Kong
- College of Landscape Architecture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Chang
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, China
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Chen Y, Yang S, Zeng W, Zheng X, Wang P, Fu H, Yang F. Salicylic acid inducing the expression of maize anti-insect gene SPI: a potential control strategy for Ostrinia furnacalis. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:152. [PMID: 38418954 PMCID: PMC10902998 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04855-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to being rooted in the ground, maize (Zea mays L.) is unable to actively escape the attacks of herbivorous insects such as the Asian corn borer (Ostrinia furnacalis). In contrast to the passive damage, plants have evolved defense mechanisms to protect themselves from herbivores. Salicylic acid, a widely present endogenous hormone in plants, has been found to play an important role in inducing plant resistance to insects. In this study, we screened and identified the insect resistance gene SPI, which is simultaneously induced by SA and O. furnacalis feeding, through preliminary transcriptome data analysis. The functional validation of SPI was carried out using bioinformatics, RT-qPCR, and heterologous expression protein feeding assays. RESULTS Both SA and O. furnacalis treatment increased the expression abundance of SA-synthesis pathway genes and SPI in three maize strains, and the upregulation of SPI was observed strongly at 6 hours post-treatment. The expression of SPI showed a temporal relationship with SA pathway genes, indicating that SPI is a downstream defense gene regulated by SA. Protein feeding assays using two different expression vectors demonstrated that the variation in SPI protein activity among different strains is mainly due to protein modifications. CONCLUSIONS Our research results indicate that SPI, as a downstream defense gene regulated by SA, is induced by SA and participates in maize's insect resistance. The differential expression levels of SPI gene and protein modifications among different maize strains are one of the reasons for the variation in insect resistance. This study provides new insights into ecological pest control in maize and valuable insights into plant responses to SA-induced insect resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanlong Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, College of Heilongjiang Province & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Siyuan Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, College of Heilongjiang Province & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Wei Zeng
- School of economies and management, Beijing University of chemical technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xu Zheng
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, College of Heilongjiang Province & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Pan Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, College of Heilongjiang Province & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Haiyan Fu
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, College of Heilongjiang Province & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China.
| | - Fengshan Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, College of Heilongjiang Province & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China.
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4
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Pataer P, Gao K, Zhang P, Li Z. Ultrasensitive and visual detection of genetically modified crops using two primers-induced cascade exponential amplification assay. Talanta 2024; 268:125282. [PMID: 37913599 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
The increased global cultivation area of genetically modified (GM) crops has caused severe controversies over potential health and environmental risks worldwide. There is an urgent need to verify even trace amount of a particular GM material in products. Herein, a two primers-induced cascade exponential amplification reaction combined with cationic conjugated polymers (CCPs)-based visual detection method is developed for rapid and ultrasensitive detection of GM crops. This method only uses two primers to specifically recognize the four regions of the target gene, which is easier for primer design and probably more suitable for the detection of shorter targets. By integrating the two exponential amplification reactions, as low as 5 pg genomic DNA from GM maize can be accurately detected, which is more sensitive than the single amplification-based methods. Taking advantage of the efficient fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between CCPs and the commercial fluorescent dye SYBR Green I (SG), our method can differentiate as low as 0.01 % GM maize from a large amount of non-GM maize, which is the most accurate method so far. By changing the two primers according to target gene, our method can be modified to the detection of any other GM materials, indicating that our method is promising to be applied in other GM materials-related testing and screening system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parezhati Pataer
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Kejian Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Pengbo Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Zhengping Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China.
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5
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Tang Y, Wu S, He H, Gao Q, Ding W, Xue J, Qiu L, Li Y. The CsmiR1579-CsKr-h1 module mediates rice stem borer development and reproduction: An effective target for transgenic insect-resistant rice. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127752. [PMID: 38287594 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
The rice stem borer (RSB, Chilo suppressalis) is a significant agricultural pest that mainly depends on chemical control. However, it has grown to varied degrees of pesticide resistance, which poses a severe threat to rice production and emphasizes the need for safer, more efficient alternative pest management strategies. Here, in vitro and in vivo experiments analyses reveal miR-1579 binds to the critical transcription factor Krüppel homologue 1 (Kr-h1) and negatively regulates its expression. Overexpression of miR-1579 in larvae with significantly lower levels of Kr-h1 was associated with a decline in larval growth and survival. Furthermore, in female pupae, miR-1579 overexpression led to abnormalities in ovarian development, suggesting that targeting miR-1579 could be a potential management strategy against C. suppressalis. Therefore, we generated transgenic rice expressing miR-1579 and screened three lines that had a single copy of highly abundant mature miR-1579 transcripts. Expectedly, fed with transgenic miR-1579 rice lines were significantly lower survival rates in larvae and high levels of resistance to damage caused by C. suppressalis infestation. These findings suggest that miRNA-mediated RNAi could provide an effective and species-specific strategy for C. suppressalis control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Tang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Hualiang He
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Qiao Gao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Wenbing Ding
- National Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Hunan Provincial Engineering & Technology Research Center for Biopesticide and Formulation Processing, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jin Xue
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Lin Qiu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
| | - Youzhi Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; National Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
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Gouda MNR, Jeevan H, Shashank HG. CRISPR/Cas9: a cutting-edge solution for combatting the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 51:13. [PMID: 38085335 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08986-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
The utilization of CRISPR/Cas9 in Spodoptera frugiperda, commonly known as fall armyworm, presents a groundbreaking avenue for pest management. With its ability to precisely modify the insect's genome, CRISPR/Cas9 offers innovative strategies to combat this destructive pest. The application of CRISPR/Cas9 in S. frugiperda holds immense potential. It enables the identification and functional analysis of key genes associated with its behavior, development, and insecticide resistance. This knowledge can unveil novel target sites for more effective and specific insecticides. Additionally, CRISPR/Cas9 can facilitate the development of population control methods by disrupting vital genes essential for survival. However, challenges such as off-target effects and the efficient delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 components remain. Addressing these obstacles is vital to ensure accurate and reliable results. Furthermore, ethical considerations, biosafety protocols, and regulatory frameworks must be integral to the adoption of this technology. Looking forward, CRISPR/Cas9-based gene drive systems hold the potential to promulgate desirable genetic traits within S. frugiperda populations, offering a sustainable and eco-friendly approach. This could curtail their reproductive capabilities or make them more susceptible to certain interventions. In conclusion, CRISPR/Cas9 presents a transformative platform for precise and targeted pest management in S. frugiperda. By deciphering the insect's genetic makeup and developing innovative strategies, we can mitigate the devastating impact of fall armyworm on agriculture while ensuring environmental sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- M N Rudra Gouda
- Division of Entomology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India.
| | - H Jeevan
- Division of Nematology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - H G Shashank
- Division of Plant Genetic Resources, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
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Gong C, Liu D, Wang Q, Ma Y, Zhan X, Zhang S, Awais M, Pu J, Yang J, Wang X. Metabolic Resistance of Sogatella furcifera (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) toward Pymetrozine Involves the Overexpression of CYP6FJ3. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:14179-14191. [PMID: 37660343 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Sogatella furcifera (Horváth), which mainly threatens rice, shows various levels of pesticide resistance due to long-term overuse of pesticides. Our resistance monitoring of 20 field populations in Sichuan, China, revealed that they were susceptible to highly resistant toward pymetrozine (0.4-142.2 RR), and JL21 reached the highest level of resistance. The JL21 population exhibited cross-resistance to triflumezopyrim and dinotefuran but sensitivity to sulfoxaflor, acetamiprid, clothianidin, and nitenpyram. The increased P450 activity were support to involve in pymetrozine resistance by detoxification enzyme activities and synergist determination. Among 16 candidate P450 genes, CYP6FJ3 (5.25-fold) was the most up-regulated in JL21, while no significant change was found after LC25 pymetrozine treatment. Furthermore, the knockdown by RNAi and heterologous overexpression by the GAL4/UAS system confirmed that the CYP6FJ3 overexpression was involved in the pymetrozine resistance, and recombination in vitro confirmed that CYP6FJ3 could hydroxylate pymetrozine. Therefore, the overexpression of CYP6FJ3 promotes pymetrozine metabolic resistance in S. furcifera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changwei Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- College of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Dan Liu
- College of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qiulin Wang
- College of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yanxin Ma
- College of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiaoxu Zhan
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Shuirong Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Muhammad Awais
- College of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jian Pu
- College of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jizhi Yang
- College of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xuegui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- College of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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8
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Wen X, Chen Z, Yang Z, Wang M, Jin S, Wang G, Zhang L, Wang L, Li J, Saeed S, He S, Wang Z, Wang K, Kong Z, Li F, Zhang X, Chen X, Zhu Y. A comprehensive overview of cotton genomics, biotechnology and molecular biological studies. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2023; 66:2214-2256. [PMID: 36899210 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-022-2278-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Cotton is an irreplaceable economic crop currently domesticated in the human world for its extremely elongated fiber cells specialized in seed epidermis, which makes it of high research and application value. To date, numerous research on cotton has navigated various aspects, from multi-genome assembly, genome editing, mechanism of fiber development, metabolite biosynthesis, and analysis to genetic breeding. Genomic and 3D genomic studies reveal the origin of cotton species and the spatiotemporal asymmetric chromatin structure in fibers. Mature multiple genome editing systems, such as CRISPR/Cas9, Cas12 (Cpf1) and cytidine base editing (CBE), have been widely used in the study of candidate genes affecting fiber development. Based on this, the cotton fiber cell development network has been preliminarily drawn. Among them, the MYB-bHLH-WDR (MBW) transcription factor complex and IAA and BR signaling pathway regulate the initiation; various plant hormones, including ethylene, mediated regulatory network and membrane protein overlap fine-regulate elongation. Multistage transcription factors targeting CesA 4, 7, and 8 specifically dominate the whole process of secondary cell wall thickening. And fluorescently labeled cytoskeletal proteins can observe real-time dynamic changes in fiber development. Furthermore, research on the synthesis of cotton secondary metabolite gossypol, resistance to diseases and insect pests, plant architecture regulation, and seed oil utilization are all conducive to finding more high-quality breeding-related genes and subsequently facilitating the cultivation of better cotton varieties. This review summarizes the paramount research achievements in cotton molecular biology over the last few decades from the above aspects, thereby enabling us to conduct a status review on the current studies of cotton and provide strong theoretical support for the future direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingpeng Wen
- Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Zhiwen Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Zuoren Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Maojun Wang
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shuangxia Jin
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Guangda Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Lingjian Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jianying Li
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Sumbul Saeed
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shoupu He
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Kun Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Zhaosheng Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, 030801, China.
| | - Fuguang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China.
| | - Xianlong Zhang
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Xiaoya Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, 572025, China.
| | - Yuxian Zhu
- Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
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9
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Xiang X, Liu S, Li H, Danso Ofori A, Yi X, Zheng A. Defense Strategies of Rice in Response to the Attack of the Herbivorous Insect, Chilo suppressalis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14361. [PMID: 37762665 PMCID: PMC10531896 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chilo suppressalis is a notorious pest that attacks rice, feeding throughout the entire growth period of rice and posing a serious threat to rice production worldwide. Due to the boring behavior and overlapping generations of C. suppressalis, the pest is difficult to control. Moreover, no rice variety with high resistance to the striped stem borer (SSB) has been found in the available rice germplasm, which also poses a challenge to controlling the SSB. At present, chemical control is widely used in agricultural production to manage the problem, but its effect is limited and it also pollutes the environment. Therefore, developing genetic resistance is the only way to avoid the use of chemical insecticides. This article primarily focuses on the research status of the induced defense of rice against the SSB from the perspective of immunity, in which plant hormones (such as jasmonic acid and ethylene) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) play an important role in the immune response of rice to the SSB. The article also reviews progress in using transgenic technology to study the relationship between rice and the SSB as well as exploring the resistance genes. Lastly, the article discusses prospects for future research on rice's resistance to the SSB.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Aiping Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.X.); (S.L.); (H.L.); (A.D.O.); (X.Y.)
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10
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Wu Y, Weng Z, Yan H, Yao Z, Li Z, Sun Y, Ma K, Hull JJ, Zhang D, Ma W, Hua H, Lin Y. The microRNA-7322-5p/p38/Hsp19 axis modulates Chilo suppressalis cell-defences against Cry1Ca: an effective target for a stacked transgenic rice approach. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2023; 21:1827-1838. [PMID: 37353991 PMCID: PMC10440986 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt)-secreted crystal (Cry) toxins form oligomeric pores in host cell membranes and are a common element in generating insect-resistant transgenic crops. Although Cry toxin function has been well documented, cellular defences against pore-formation have not been as well developed. Elucidation of the processes underlying this defence, however, could contribute to the development of enhanced Bt crops. Here, we demonstrate that Cry1Ca-mediated downregulation of microRNA-7322-5p (miR-7322-5p), which binds to the 3' untranslated region of p38, negatively regulates the susceptibility of Chilo suppressalis to Cry1Ca. Moreover, Cry1Ca exposure enhanced phosphorylation of Hsp19, and hsp19 downregulation increased susceptibility to Cry1Ca. Further, Hsp19 phosphorylation occurs downstream of p38, and pull-down assays confirmed the interactions between Hsp19 and Cry1Ca, suggesting that activation of Hsp19 by the miR-7322-5p/p38/Hsp19 pathway promotes Cry1Ca sequestration. To assess the efficacy of targeting this pathway in planta, double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) targeting C. suppressalis p38 (dsp38) was introduced into a previously generated cry1Ca-expressing rice line (1CH1-2) to yield a single-copy cry1Ca/dsp38 rice line (p38-rice). Feeding on this rice line triggered a significant reduction in C. suppressalis p38 expression and the line was more resistant to C. suppressalis than 1CH1-2 in both short term (7-day) and continuous feeding bioassays as well as field trials. These findings provide new insights into invertebrate epithelium cellular defences and demonstrate a potential new pyramiding strategy for Bt crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research, Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
- College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Zijin Weng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research, Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
- College of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Haixia Yan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research, Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
- College of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Zhuotian Yao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research, Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
- College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Zhenzhen Li
- College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Yajie Sun
- College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Kangsheng Ma
- College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - J. Joe Hull
- U.S. Arid Land Agricultural Research Center, Department of AgricultureU.S. Agricultural Research ServiceMaricopaArizonaUSA
| | - Delin Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research, Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
- College of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Weihua Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research, Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
- College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Hongxia Hua
- College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Yongjun Lin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research, Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
- College of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
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11
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Quan Y, Wu K. Managing Practical Resistance of Lepidopteran Pests to Bt Cotton in China. INSECTS 2023; 14:179. [PMID: 36835748 PMCID: PMC9965927 DOI: 10.3390/insects14020179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
China is one of the major cotton producers globally with small farmers. Lepidopteran pests have always been the main factor affecting cotton production. To reduce the occurrence of and damage caused by lepidopteran pests, China has employed a pest control method focused on planting Bt (Cry1Ac) cotton since 1997. Chinese resistance management tactics for the main target pests, the cotton bollworm and pink bollworm, were also implemented. For polyphagous (multiple hosts) and migratory pests such as the cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera), the "natural refuge" strategy, consisting of non-Bt crops such as corn, soybean, vegetables, peanuts, and other host crops, was adopted in the Yellow River Region (YRR) and Northwest Region (NR). For a single host and weak migration ability pest, such as the pink bollworm (Pectinophora gossypiella), the seed mix refuge strategy yields a random mixture within fields of 25% non-Bt cotton by sowing second-generation (F2) seeds. According to field monitoring results for more than 20 years in China, practical resistance (Bt cotton failure) of target pests was avoided, and there were no cases of Bt (Cry1Ac) failure of pest control in cotton production. This indicated that this Chinese resistance management strategy was very successful. The Chinese government has decided to commercialize Bt corn, which will inevitably reduce the role of natural refuges; therefore, this paper also discusses adjustments and future directions of cotton pest resistance management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudong Quan
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Kongming Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
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12
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Sun Y, Zhao H, Chen Z, Chen H, Li B, Wang C, Lin X, Cai Y, Zhou D, Ouyang L, Zhu C, He H, Peng X. Comparison of the Phenotypic Performance, Molecular Diversity, and Proteomics in Transgenic Rice. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:156. [PMID: 36616286 PMCID: PMC9824520 DOI: 10.3390/plants12010156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The extent of molecular diversity and differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in transgenic lines provide valuable information to understand the phenotypic performance of transgenic crops compared with their parents. Here, we compared the differences in the phenotypic variation of twelve agronomic and end-use quality traits, the extent of microsatellite diversity, and DEPs of a recurrent parent line with three transgenic rice restorer lines carrying either CRY1C gene on chromosome 11 or CRY2A gene on chromosome 12 or both genes. The three transgenic lines had significantly smaller stem borer infestation than the recurrent parent without showing significant differences among most agronomic traits, yield components, and end-use quality traits. Using 512 microsatellite markers, the three transgenic lines inherited 2.9-4.3% of the Minghui 63 donor genome and 96.3-97.1% of the CH891 recurrent parent genome. As compared with the recurrent parent, the number of upregulated and down-regulated proteins in the three transgenic lines varied from 169 to 239 and from 131 to 199, respectively. Most DEPs were associated with the secondary metabolites biosynthesis transport and catabolism, carbohydrate transport and metabolism, post-translational modification, and signal transduction mechanisms. Although several differentially expressed proteins were observed between transgenic rice and its recurrent parent, the differences may not have been associated with grain yield and most other phenotypic traits in transgenic rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Sun
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy, JAU, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Huan Zhao
- Jiangxi Biotech Vocational College, JAU, Nanchang 330200, China
| | - Zhongkai Chen
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy, JAU, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Huizhen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy, JAU, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Bai Li
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy, JAU, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Chunlei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy, JAU, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Xiaoli Lin
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy, JAU, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Yicong Cai
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy, JAU, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Dahu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy, JAU, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Linjuan Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy, JAU, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Changlan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy, JAU, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Haohua He
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy, JAU, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Xiaosong Peng
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy, JAU, Nanchang 330045, China
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13
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Liang J, Yang X, Jiao Y, Wang D, Zhao Q, Sun Y, Li Y, Wu K. The evolution of China's regulation of agricultural biotechnology. ABIOTECH 2022; 3:237-249. [PMID: 36533267 PMCID: PMC9755788 DOI: 10.1007/s42994-022-00086-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
To ensure safe use of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), since 1993, China has made great efforts to establish and improve the safety regulatory system for GMOs. Here, we summarize and analyze the regulatory framework of agricultural GMOs, and the progress in regulatory approval of GM crops in China. In general, the development of GMO safety regulations underwent four stages: exploration (1993-2000), development (2001-2010), improvement (2011-2020) and current (2021-present) stage. The first formal regulation was promulgated in 1993, which provided a basis for further development of the regulations, during the exploration stage, when insect-resistant GM cotton, expressing genes from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), was approved for cultivation. During the development stage, the Chinese government issued a series of administrative measures, which covered almost all the fields relative to GMO safety when the basic regulatory system was established. Along with the controversy over GMO safety, the regulations have been further, and greatly improved, during improvement stage. From 2021, a few additional revisions have been made, and meanwhile, the new regulation on gene-edited crops was introduced with the development of biotechnology, forming a relative complete regulation and law system for China. The well-developed GMO regulations establishes a firm basis for safe use of GM crops in China. Currently, GM cotton and GM papaya have been widely grown on a large scale in China that have brought great economic and ecological benefits. In addition, 12 corn events, 3 soybean events, and 2 rice events have also obtained biosafety certification, but presently, these lines have yet to enter commercial production. However, several GM soybean and corn events have entered pilot industrialization, and can soon be expected to be commercially grown in China. In addition to planting, six GM crops, including soybean, corn, cotton, canola, papaya and sugar beet, with a total of 64 events, have been approved for import as processing material in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingang Liang
- Development Center of Science and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100176 China
| | - Xiaowei Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Yue Jiao
- Development Center of Science and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100176 China
| | - Danxia Wang
- Croplife Asia Beijing Office, Beijing, 100125 China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- Croplife Asia Beijing Office, Beijing, 100125 China
| | - Yu Sun
- Development Center of Science and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100176 China
| | - Yunhe Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Kongming Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193 China
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14
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Yang Y, Chen Y, Xue J, Wang Y, Song X, Li Y. Impact of Transgenic Cry1Ab/2Aj Maize on Abundance of Non-Target Arthropods in the Field. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2520. [PMID: 36235387 PMCID: PMC9572736 DOI: 10.3390/plants11192520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) maize has broad prospects for application in China. Before commercialization, it is necessary to assess possible ecological impacts, including impacts on non-target arthropods (NTAs) in the field. In the present study, transgenic Bt maize expressing cry1Ab/2Aj and its corresponding non-transformed near isoline were planted under the same environmental and agricultural conditions, and arthropods in the field were collected during the three main growth stages of maize. In a one year trial, the results showed the composition of NTA communities in the transgenic and control maize fields were similar. There were no significant differences for community-level parameters of species richness (S), Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H'), evenness index (J) and Simpson's dominant concentration (C) between the two types of maize fields. Likewise, a Bray-Curtis dissimilarity and distance analysis showed that Cry1Ab/2Aj toxin exposure did not increase community dissimilarities between Bt and non-Bt maize plots and that the structure of the NTAs community was similar on the two maize varieties. Furthermore, planting of the transgenic cry1Ab/2Aj maize did not affect the density or composition of non-target decomposers, herbivores, predators, parasitoids and pollinator guilds. In summary, our results showed that planting of Bt maize producing Cry1Ab/Cry2Aj proteins do not adversely affect population dynamics and diversity of NTAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- State Key Laboratory for Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571025, China
- Sanya Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572022, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Jiabao Xue
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571025, China
- Sanya Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572022, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xinyuan Song
- Agro-Biotechnology Research Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Yunhe Li
- State Key Laboratory for Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
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15
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Wang X, Chi Y, Li F. Exploring China stepping into the dawn of chemical pesticide-free agriculture in 2050. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:942117. [PMID: 36161034 PMCID: PMC9504061 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.942117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
China has implemented a series of policies to reduce the usage of chemical pesticides to maintain food production safety and to reduce water and soil pollution. However, there is still a huge gap in developing biological pesticides to replace chemical agents or managing pests to prevent crop production loss. It is necessary to predict the future use of chemical pesticides and to exploit the potential ways to control pests and crop diseases. Pesticide usage is affected by seasonal changes and analyzed by using a seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model (a statistical model that predicts future trends using time-series data). The future development of biopesticides in China was predicted using the compound annual growth rate (CAGR), which is calculated via the equation [(Final value/Starting value)1/years - 1] according to the annual growth rate of target products over time. According to the reducing trend of pesticide and biological pesticide usage annually, China is predicted possibly step into the era of pesticide-free agriculture in 2050 based on the analysis of the ARIMA model. With CAGR calculation, China will produce from 500 thousand to one million tons of biopesticides in 2050, which can meet the need to replace chemical pesticides in agriculture to prevent the present crop production loss. To achieve the goal, China still has the greatest challenges to develop biopesticides and use various strategies to control pest and crop diseases. China may step into the dawn of chemical pesticide-free agriculture in 2050 if biopesticides can be developed smoothly and pests can be controlled well using various strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiang Wang
- Wuzhoufeng Agricultural Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Yantai, China
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16
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Khashaveh A, An X, Shan S, Pang X, Li Y, Fu X, Zhang Y. The microRNAs in the antennae of Apolygus lucorum (Hemiptera: Miridae): Expression properties and targets prediction. Genomics 2022; 114:110447. [PMID: 35963492 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2022.110447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression and contribute to numerous physiological processes. However, little is known about the functions of miRNAs in insect chemosensation. In this study, nine small RNA libraries were constructed and sequenced from the antennae of nymphs, adult males, and adult females of Apolygus lucorum. In total, 399 (275 known and 124 novel) miRNAs were identified. miR-7-5p_1 was the most abundant miRNA. Altogether, 69,708 target genes related to biogenesis, membrane, and binding activities were predicted. In particular, 15 miRNAs targeted 16 olfactory genes. Comparing the antennae of nymphs and adult males and females, 94 miRNAs were differentially expressed. Alternatively, a subset of differentially expressed miRNAs was verified by qPCR, supporting the reliability of the sequencing results. This study provides a global miRNA transcriptome for the antennae of A. lucorum and valuable information for further investigations of the functions of miRNAs in the regulation of chemosensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel Khashaveh
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xingkui An
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shuang Shan
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaoqian Pang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; School of Resource and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
| | - Xiaowei Fu
- School of Resource and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
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Zhang H, Liu E, Huang X, Kou J, Teng D, Lv B, Han X, Zhang Y. Characterization of a Novel Insect-Induced Sesquiterpene Synthase GbTPS1 Based on the Transcriptome of Gossypium barbadense Feeding by Cotton Bollworm. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:898541. [PMID: 35909734 PMCID: PMC9326391 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.898541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
When attacked by insect herbivores, plants initiate sophisticated defenses mediated by complex signaling networks and usually release a blend of functional volatiles such as terpenes against infestation. The extra-long staple cotton Gossypium barbadense cultivated worldwide as natural textile fiber crop is frequently exposed to a variety of herbivores, such as cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera. However, little is known about insect-induced transcriptional changes and molecular mechanisms underlying subsequent defense responses in G. barbadense. In the current study, transcriptome changes in G. barbadense infested with chewing H. armigera larvae were investigated, and we identified 5,629 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the infested cotton leaves compared with non-infested controls. H. armigera feeding triggered complex signaling networks in which almost all (88 out of 90) DEGs associated with the jasmonic acid (JA) pathway were upregulated, highlighting a central role for JA in the defense responses of G. barbadense against target insects. All DEGs involved in growth-related photosynthesis were downregulated, whereas most DEGs associated with defense-related transcript factors and volatile secondary metabolism were upregulated. It was noteworthy that a terpene synthase gene in the transcriptome data, GbTPS1, was strongly expressed in H. armigera-infested G. barbadense leaves. The upregulation of GbTPS1 in qPCR analysis also suggested an important role for GbTPS1 in herbivore-induced cotton defense. In vitro assays showed that recombinant GbTPS1 catalyzed farnesyl pyrophosphate and neryl diphosphate to produce three sesquiterpenes (selinene, α-gurjunene, and β-elemene) and one monoterpene (limonene), respectively. Moreover, these catalytic products of GbTPS1 were significantly elevated in G. barbadense leaves after H. armigera infestation, and elemene and limonene had repellent effects on H. armigera larvae in a dual-choice bioassay and increased larval mortality in a no-choice bioassay. These findings provide a valuable insight into understanding the transcriptional changes reprogramming herbivore-induced sesquiterpene biosynthesis in G. barbadense infested by H. armigera, which help elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying plant defense against insect pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Agricultural Pest Management and Plant Protection Resources Utilization, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Enliang Liu
- Institute of Grain Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, China
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinzheng Huang
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Junfeng Kou
- Institute of Plant Protection, Cangzhou Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Cangzhou, China
| | - Dong Teng
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Beibei Lv
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Han
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Agricultural Pest Management and Plant Protection Resources Utilization, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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18
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Yin Y, Cao K, Zhao X, Cao C, Dong X, Liang J, Shi W. Bt Cry1Ab/2Ab toxins disrupt the structure of the gut bacterial community of Locusta migratoria through host immune responses. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 238:113602. [PMID: 35526455 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiota of insects plays a vital role in digestion, nutrient acquisition, metabolism of dietary toxins, pathogen immunity and maintenance of gut homeostasis. Bacillus thuringinensis (Bt) poisons target insects through its toxins that are activated in the insect gut. The effects of Bt toxins on gut microbiota of insects and their underlying mechanisms are not well understood. In this study, we found that Cry1Ab/2Ab toxins significantly changed the gut bacterial community's structure and reduced the total load of gut bacteria in the Locusta migratoria. In addition, Cry toxins significantly increased the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the gut of locusts. Our results also showed that Cry1Ab/2Ab toxins induced the host gut's immune response by up-regulating of key genes in the Immune deficiency (IMD) and Toll pathway. RNA interference showed that knocking down Relish could narrow the difference in the load, diversity, and composition in gut bacteria caused by Cry toxins. Our findings suggest that Bt potentially influences the gut bacterial community of L. migratoria through host immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yin
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China.
| | - Kaili Cao
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China.
| | - Xinxin Zhao
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China.
| | - Chuan Cao
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China.
| | - Xuehui Dong
- Department of Agriculture Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China.
| | - Jingang Liang
- Development Center of Science and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100176, China.
| | - Wangpeng Shi
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China.
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19
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Lu Y, Wyckhuys KAG, Yang L, Liu B, Zeng J, Jiang Y, Desneux N, Zhang W, Wu K. Bt cotton area contraction drives regional pest resurgence, crop loss, and pesticide use. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2022; 20:390-398. [PMID: 34626524 PMCID: PMC8753353 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Genetically-modified crops expressing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) proteins have been widely cultivated, permitting an effective non-chemical control of major agricultural pests. While their establishment can enable an area-wide suppression of polyphagous herbivores, no information is available on the impact of Bt crop abandonment in entire landscape matrices. Here, we detail a resurgence of the cosmopolitan bollworm Helicoverpa armigera following a contraction of Bt cotton area in dynamic agro-landscapes over 2007-2019 in North China Plain. An 80% reduction in Bt cotton was mirrored in a 1.9-fold increase of ambient H. armigera population levels, culminating in 1.5-2.1-fold higher yield loss and a 2.0-4.4-fold increase in pesticide use frequency in non-Bt crops (i.e. maize, peanut, soybean). Our work unveils the fate of herbivorous insect populations following a progressive dis-use of insecticidal crop cultivars, and hints at how tactically deployed Bt crops could be paired with agro-ecological measures to mitigate the environmental footprint of crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect PestsInstitute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Kris A. G. Wyckhuys
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect PestsInstitute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Long Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect PestsInstitute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Bing Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect PestsInstitute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Juan Zeng
- National Agro‐Technical Extension and Service CenterBeijingChina
| | - Yuying Jiang
- National Agro‐Technical Extension and Service CenterBeijingChina
| | | | - Wei Zhang
- Environment and Production Technology DivisionInternational Food Policy Research InstituteWashingtonDCUSA
| | - Kongming Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect PestsInstitute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
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20
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Yang F, Liu B, Zhu Y, Desneux N, Liu L, Li C, Wyckhuys KA, Lu Y. Transgenic Cry1Ac + CpTI cotton does not compromise parasitoid-mediated biological control: An eight-year case study. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:240-245. [PMID: 34476893 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The on-farm deployment of genetically modified crops may negatively affect nontarget arthropods, potentially disrupting food web structure and ecosystem functions. Aphid-parasitoid interactions are well-suited to study these potential impacts in agro-ecosystems. Over the span of 8 years, we systematically compared infestation levels of the aphid Aphis gossypii, its associated parasitoid community and overall parasitism rate between transgenic Cry1Ac + CpTI cotton and nontransgenic cotton. Furthermore, we measured the impact of transgenic Cry1Ac + CpTI cotton on structural traits and interspecies interactions within quantitative aphid-parasitoid food webs. RESULTS Transgenic Cry1Ac + CpTI cotton did not affect the abundance of aphids and parasitoids, or in-field parasitism rates. Despite weak interannual variability, transgenic Cry1Ac + CpTI cotton also did not alter food web architecture or biological control services. CONCLUSIONS Our work not only elucidates the impact of transgenic Cry1Ac + CpTI cotton on different nontarget arthropods (i.e. aphids, parasitoids, hyperparasitoids) and their associated ecosystem services or disservices, but also diversifies the ecological risk assessment toolbox for transgenic insecticidal crops. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yulin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Lituo Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Caihong Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kris Ag Wyckhuys
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanhui Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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21
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Huang C, Wang Z, Zhu P, Wang C, Wang C, Xu W, Li Z, Fu W, Zhu S. RNA Interference-Based Genetic Engineering Maize Resistant to Apolygus lucorum Does Not Manifest Unpredictable Unintended Effects Relative to Conventional Breeding: Short Interfering RNA, Transcriptome, and Metabolome Analysis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:745708. [PMID: 35283891 PMCID: PMC8908210 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.745708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The use of omics techniques to analyze the differences between genetic engineering organisms and their parents can identify unintended effects and explore whether such unintended effects will have negative consequences. In order to evaluate whether genetic engineering will cause changes in crops beyond the changes introduced by conventional plant breeding, we compared the extent of transcriptome and metabolome modification in the leaves of three lines developed by RNA interference (RNAi)-based genetic engineering and three lines developed by conventional breeding. The results showed that both types of plant breeding methods can manifest changes at the short interfering RNA (siRNA), transcriptomic, and metabolic levels. Relative expression analysis of potential off-target gene revealed that there was no broad gene decline in the three RNAi-based genetic engineering lines. We found that the number of DEGs and DAMs between RNAi-based genetic engineering lines and the parental line was less than that between conventional breeding lines. These unique DEGs and DAMs between RNAi-based genetic engineering lines and the parental lines were not enriched in detrimental metabolic pathways. The results suggest that RNAi-based genetic engineering do not cause unintended effects beyond those found in conventional breeding in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmeng Huang
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, China
| | - Pengyu Zhu
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, China
| | - Chenguang Wang
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, China
| | - Chaonan Wang
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjie Xu
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihong Li
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Fu
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Fu,
| | - Shuifang Zhu
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, China
- Shuifang Zhu,
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22
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Impacts of Constitutive and Induced Benzoxazinoids Levels on Wheat Resistance to the Grain Aphid ( Sitobion avenae). Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11110783. [PMID: 34822441 PMCID: PMC8620460 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11110783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzoxazinoids are important secondary metabolites in gramineae plants and have inhibitory and toxic effects against a wide range of herbivore pests. However, the relationship between benzoxazinoid level and plant resistance to aphids remains controversial. In this study, we investigated the relationship between benzoxazinoids composition and concentration in wheat leaves and the resistance to the grain aphid Sitobion avenae. Overall, six benzoxazinoids were detected and identified by mass spectrometry based metabolites profiling, including three lactams, two hydroxamic acids, and one methyl derivative. The constitutive levels of these benzoxazinoids were significantly different among the wheat varieties/lines. However, none of these benzoxazinoids exhibited considerable correlation with aphid resistance. S. avenae feeding elevated the level of 2-O-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy-4,7-dimethoxy-(2H)-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one (HDMBOA-Glc) and reduced the level of 2-O-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy-4-hydroxy-7-(2H)-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one (DIMBOA-Glc) in some of the wheat varieties/lines. Moreover, aphid-induced level of DIMBOA-Glc was positively related with callose deposition, which was closely associated with aphid resistance. Wheat leaves infiltrated with DIMBOA-Glc caused a noticeable increase of callose deposition and the effect was in a dose dependent manner. This study suggests that the constitutive level of benzoxazinoids has limited impact on S. avenae. Aphid feeding can affect the balance of benzoxazinoids metabolism and the dynamic level of benzoxazinoids can act as a signal of callose deposition for S. avenae resistance. This study will extend our understanding of aphid–wheat interaction and provides new insights in aphid-resistance wheat breeding.
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23
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Ahmad A, Munawar N, Khan Z, Qusmani AT, Khan SH, Jamil A, Ashraf S, Ghouri MZ, Aslam S, Mubarik MS, Munir A, Sultan Q, Abd-Elsalam KA, Qari SH. An Outlook on Global Regulatory Landscape for Genome-Edited Crops. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11753. [PMID: 34769204 PMCID: PMC8583973 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The revolutionary technology of CRISPR/Cas systems and their extraordinary potential to address fundamental questions in every field of biological sciences has led to their developers being awarded the 2020 Nobel Prize for Chemistry. In agriculture, CRISPR/Cas systems have accelerated the development of new crop varieties with improved traits-without the need for transgenes. However, the future of this technology depends on a clear and truly global regulatory framework being developed for these crops. Some CRISPR-edited crops are already on the market, and yet countries and regions are still divided over their legal status. CRISPR editing does not require transgenes, making CRISPR crops more socially acceptable than genetically modified crops, but there is vigorous debate over how to regulate these crops and what precautionary measures are required before they appear on the market. This article reviews intended outcomes and risks arising from the site-directed nuclease CRISPR systems used to improve agricultural crop plant genomes. It examines how various CRISPR system components, and potential concerns associated with CRISPR/Cas, may trigger regulatory oversight of CRISPR-edited crops. The article highlights differences and similarities between GMOs and CRISPR-edited crops, and discusses social and ethical concerns. It outlines the regulatory framework for GMO crops, which many countries also apply to CRISPR-edited crops, and the global regulatory landscape for CRISPR-edited crops. The article concludes with future prospects for CRISPR-edited crops and their products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aftab Ahmad
- Center for Advanced Studies in Agriculture and Food Security (CASAFS), University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (A.A.); (S.H.K.); (M.Z.G.); (S.A.); (M.S.M.); (Q.S.)
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (A.J.); (S.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Nayla Munawar
- Department of Chemistry, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Zulqurnain Khan
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, MNS University of Agriculture Multan, Multan 60000, Pakistan;
| | - Alaa T. Qusmani
- Biology Department, Al-Jumum University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24243, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sultan Habibullah Khan
- Center for Advanced Studies in Agriculture and Food Security (CASAFS), University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (A.A.); (S.H.K.); (M.Z.G.); (S.A.); (M.S.M.); (Q.S.)
- Center for Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology (CABB), University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Amer Jamil
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (A.J.); (S.A.); (A.M.)
- Center for Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology (CABB), University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Sidra Ashraf
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (A.J.); (S.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Muhammad Zubair Ghouri
- Center for Advanced Studies in Agriculture and Food Security (CASAFS), University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (A.A.); (S.H.K.); (M.Z.G.); (S.A.); (M.S.M.); (Q.S.)
- Center for Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology (CABB), University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Sabin Aslam
- Center for Advanced Studies in Agriculture and Food Security (CASAFS), University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (A.A.); (S.H.K.); (M.Z.G.); (S.A.); (M.S.M.); (Q.S.)
| | - Muhammad Salman Mubarik
- Center for Advanced Studies in Agriculture and Food Security (CASAFS), University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (A.A.); (S.H.K.); (M.Z.G.); (S.A.); (M.S.M.); (Q.S.)
| | - Ahmad Munir
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (A.J.); (S.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Qaiser Sultan
- Center for Advanced Studies in Agriculture and Food Security (CASAFS), University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (A.A.); (S.H.K.); (M.Z.G.); (S.A.); (M.S.M.); (Q.S.)
| | - Kamel A. Abd-Elsalam
- Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza 12619, Egypt;
| | - Sameer H. Qari
- Molecular Biology Central Laboratory (GMCL), Department of Biology/Genetics, Aljumum University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24243, Saudi Arabia
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24
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Ahmad A, Munawar N, Khan Z, Qusmani AT, Khan SH, Jamil A, Ashraf S, Ghouri MZ, Aslam S, Mubarik MS, Munir A, Sultan Q, Abd-Elsalam KA, Qari SH. An Outlook on Global Regulatory Landscape for Genome-Edited Crops. Int J Mol Sci 2021. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222111753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The revolutionary technology of CRISPR/Cas systems and their extraordinary potential to address fundamental questions in every field of biological sciences has led to their developers being awarded the 2020 Nobel Prize for Chemistry. In agriculture, CRISPR/Cas systems have accelerated the development of new crop varieties with improved traits—without the need for transgenes. However, the future of this technology depends on a clear and truly global regulatory framework being developed for these crops. Some CRISPR-edited crops are already on the market, and yet countries and regions are still divided over their legal status. CRISPR editing does not require transgenes, making CRISPR crops more socially acceptable than genetically modified crops, but there is vigorous debate over how to regulate these crops and what precautionary measures are required before they appear on the market. This article reviews intended outcomes and risks arising from the site-directed nuclease CRISPR systems used to improve agricultural crop plant genomes. It examines how various CRISPR system components, and potential concerns associated with CRISPR/Cas, may trigger regulatory oversight of CRISPR-edited crops. The article highlights differences and similarities between GMOs and CRISPR-edited crops, and discusses social and ethical concerns. It outlines the regulatory framework for GMO crops, which many countries also apply to CRISPR-edited crops, and the global regulatory landscape for CRISPR-edited crops. The article concludes with future prospects for CRISPR-edited crops and their products.
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25
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Abstract
The revolutionary technology of CRISPR/Cas systems and their extraordinary potential to address fundamental questions in every field of biological sciences has led to their developers being awarded the 2020 Nobel Prize for Chemistry. In agriculture, CRISPR/Cas systems have accelerated the development of new crop varieties with improved traits-without the need for transgenes. However, the future of this technology depends on a clear and truly global regulatory framework being developed for these crops. Some CRISPR-edited crops are already on the market, and yet countries and regions are still divided over their legal status. CRISPR editing does not require transgenes, making CRISPR crops more socially acceptable than genetically modified crops, but there is vigorous debate over how to regulate these crops and what precautionary measures are required before they appear on the market. This article reviews intended outcomes and risks arising from the site-directed nuclease CRISPR systems used to improve agricultural crop plant genomes. It examines how various CRISPR system components, and potential concerns associated with CRISPR/Cas, may trigger regulatory oversight of CRISPR-edited crops. The article highlights differences and similarities between GMOs and CRISPR-edited crops, and discusses social and ethical concerns. It outlines the regulatory framework for GMO crops, which many countries also apply to CRISPR-edited crops, and the global regulatory landscape for CRISPR-edited crops. The article concludes with future prospects for CRISPR-edited crops and their products.
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26
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Wu N, Shi W, Liu W, Gao Z, Han L, Wang X. Differential impact of Bt-transgenic rice plantings on bacterial community in three niches over consecutive years. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 223:112569. [PMID: 34352582 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Transgenic-Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) crops express insecticidal proteins, which can accumulate in plants and soil where they may influence microbial populations. The impact of Bt crops on bacterial communities has only been assessed under short-term, and results have been contradictory. Here, we analyzed the bacterial communities in three niches, rhizosphere soil (RS), root endosphere (RE) and leaf endosphere (LE), of three Bt rice and their non-Bt parental lines for three consecutive years by high-throughput sequencing. In principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and PERMANOVA (Adonis) analysis, operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were clustered primarily by niche type and differed significantly in the RE and LE but not in the RS between each of three Bt lines compared with the non-Bt rice line, and not in each respective niche among the three Bt rice lines. The bacterial communities in the RS of different rice lines over the 3 years were clustered mainly by year rather than by lines. The differential bacterial taxa among the lines did not overlap between years, presumably because Cry proteins are rapidly degraded in the soil. A network analysis of RS bacterial communities showed that the network complexity and density for the three Bt rice lines did not decrease compared with those for the non-Bt line. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that bacterial communities differed significantly in RE and LE between Bt and non-Bt rice lines, but the differences were mild and transient, and had no adverse impact on RS over the 3 years. This study provides favorable evidence in support of the commercialization of Bt rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wencong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Wenwen Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zheng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Lanzhi Han
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Xifeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
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27
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Guo Z, Kang S, Wu Q, Wang S, Crickmore N, Zhou X, Bravo A, Soberón M, Zhang Y. The regulation landscape of MAPK signaling cascade for thwarting Bacillus thuringiensis infection in an insect host. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009917. [PMID: 34495986 PMCID: PMC8452011 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Host-pathogen interactions are central components of ecological networks where the MAPK signaling pathways act as central hubs of these complex interactions. We have previously shown that an insect hormone modulated MAPK signaling cascade participates as a general switch to trans-regulate differential expression of diverse midgut genes in the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) to cope with the insecticidal action of Cry1Ac toxin, produced by the entomopathogenic bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). The relationship between topology and functions of this four-tiered phosphorylation signaling cascade, however, is an uncharted territory. Here, we carried out a genome-wide characterization of all the MAPK orthologs in P. xylostella to define their phylogenetic relationships and to confirm their evolutionary conserved modules. Results from quantitative phosphoproteomic analyses, combined with functional validations studies using specific inhibitors and dsRNAs lead us to establish a MAPK "road map", where p38 and ERK MAPK signaling pathways, in large part, mount a resistance response against Bt toxins through regulating the differential expression of multiple Cry toxin receptors and their non-receptor paralogs in P. xylostella midgut. These data not only advance our understanding of host-pathogen interactions in agricultural pests, but also inform the future development of biopesticides that could suppress Cry resistance phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojiang Guo
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (ZG); (YZ)
| | - Shi Kang
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qingjun Wu
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shaoli Wang
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Neil Crickmore
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Xuguo Zhou
- Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Alejandra Bravo
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Mario Soberón
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Youjun Zhang
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (ZG); (YZ)
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28
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Mi X, Feng G, Hu Y, Zhang J, Chen L, Corlett RT, Hughes AC, Pimm S, Schmid B, Shi S, Svenning JC, Ma K. The global significance of biodiversity science in China: an overview. Natl Sci Rev 2021; 8:nwab032. [PMID: 34694304 PMCID: PMC8310773 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwab032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Biodiversity science in China has seen rapid growth over recent decades, ranging from baseline biodiversity studies to understanding the processes behind evolution across dynamic regions such as the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. We review research, including species catalogues; biodiversity monitoring; the origins, distributions, maintenance and threats to biodiversity; biodiversity-related ecosystem function and services; and species and ecosystems' responses to global change. Next, we identify priority topics and offer suggestions and priorities for future biodiversity research in China. These priorities include (i) the ecology and biogeography of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and surrounding mountains, and that of subtropical and tropical forests across China; (ii) marine and inland aquatic biodiversity; and (iii) effective conservation and management to identify and maintain synergies between biodiversity and socio-economic development to fulfil China's vision for becoming an ecological civilization. In addition, we propose three future strategies: (i) translate advanced biodiversity science into practice for biodiversity conservation; (ii) strengthen capacity building and application of advanced technologies, including high-throughput sequencing, genomics and remote sensing; and (iii) strengthen and expand international collaborations. Based on the recent rapid progress of biodiversity research, China is well positioned to become a global leader in biodiversity research in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangcheng Mi
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Gang Feng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau and Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecology, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Yibo Hu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Zhejiang Tiantong Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Lei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Richard T Corlett
- Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun 666303, China
- Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, 666303, China
| | - Alice C Hughes
- Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun 666303, China
- Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, 666303, China
| | - Stuart Pimm
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Bernhard Schmid
- Department of Geography, Remote Sensing Laboratories, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland
| | - Suhua Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Dynamics and Conservation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jens-Christian Svenning
- Center for Biodiversity Dynamics in a Changing World (BIOCHANGE) and Section for Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity, Department of Biology, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Keping Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- Universityof Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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29
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Silva-Júnior NR, Cabrera YM, Barbosa SL, Barros RDA, Barros E, Vital CE, Ramos HJO, Oliveira MGA. Intestinal proteases profiling from Anticarsia gemmatalis and their binding to inhibitors. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 107:e21792. [PMID: 33948994 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Although the importance of intestinal hydrolases is recognized, there is little information on the intestinal proteome of lepidopterans such as Anticarsia gemmatalis. Thus, we carried out the proteomic analysis of the A. gemmatalis intestine to characterize the proteases by LC/MS. We examined the interactions of proteins identified with protease inhibitors (PI) using molecular docking. We found 54 expressed antigens for intestinal protease, suggesting multiple important isoforms. The hydrolytic arsenal featured allows for a more comprehensive understanding of insect feeding. The docking analysis showed that the soybean PI (SKTI) could bind efficiently with the trypsin sequences and, therefore, insect resistance does not seem to involve changing the sequences of the PI binding site. In addition, a SERPIN was identified and the interaction analysis showed the inhibitor binding site is in contact with the catalytic site of trypsin, possibly acting as a regulator. In addition, this SERPIN and the identified PI sequences can be targets for the control of proteolytic activity in the caterpillar intestine and serve as a support for the rational design of a molecule with greater stability, less prone to cleavage by proteases and viable for the control of insect pests such as A. gemmatalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neilier R Silva-Júnior
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Enzymology and Biochemistry of Proteins and Peptides, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, UFV, BIOAGRO/INCT-IPP, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Yaremis M Cabrera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Enzymology and Biochemistry of Proteins and Peptides, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, UFV, BIOAGRO/INCT-IPP, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Samuel L Barbosa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Enzymology and Biochemistry of Proteins and Peptides, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, UFV, BIOAGRO/INCT-IPP, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rafael de A Barros
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Enzymology and Biochemistry of Proteins and Peptides, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, UFV, BIOAGRO/INCT-IPP, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Edvaldo Barros
- Núcleo de Análise de Biomoléculas, NuBioMol, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde - CCB, Universidade Federal de Viçosa - UFV, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Camilo E Vital
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Enzymology and Biochemistry of Proteins and Peptides, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, UFV, BIOAGRO/INCT-IPP, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Humberto J O Ramos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Enzymology and Biochemistry of Proteins and Peptides, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, UFV, BIOAGRO/INCT-IPP, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Núcleo de Análise de Biomoléculas, NuBioMol, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde - CCB, Universidade Federal de Viçosa - UFV, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Maria Goreti A Oliveira
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Enzymology and Biochemistry of Proteins and Peptides, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, UFV, BIOAGRO/INCT-IPP, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Responses of Rice Plants to Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Caterpillar Infestation. INSECTS 2020; 11:insects11100705. [PMID: 33076419 PMCID: PMC7602657 DOI: 10.3390/insects11100705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The transcriptomic and metabolomic differences in rice leaves after infestation by the rice leaf folder Cnaphalocrocis medinalis were investigated for better understanding of the mechanisms of rice defenses against this species. The results suggest that C. medinalis infestation can induce rapid and precise defense responses involved in many primary and secondary metabolic processes in rice leaves, and the jasmonic acid (JA)-dependent signaling pathway plays vital roles in the response of rice plants to this pest species. These results provide comprehensive insights into the defense system of rice to the rice leaf folder and may facilitate the development of insect-resistant rice varieties by identifying molecular targets for selection. Abstract Interactions between plants and insect herbivores are important determinants of plant productivity in cultivated and natural agricultural fields. The rice leaf folder (Cnaphalocrocis medinalis) causes tremendous damage to rice production in Asian countries. However, little information is available about how rice plants defend themselves against this destructive pest at molecular and biochemical levels. Here, we observed the transcriptomic and metabolomic differences in rice leaves after 0, 1, 6, 12, and 24 h of being fed by C. medinalis using RNA sequencing and metabolome profiling. Transcriptional analyses showed that gene expression responds rapidly to leaf folder infestation, with the most significant transcriptional changes occurring within 6 h after the initiation of feeding. Metabolite abundance changed more slowly than gene expression. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses indicated that the rice transcriptional response to infestation involved genes encoding protein kinases, transcription factors, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, photosynthesis, and phytohormone signaling. Moreover, the jasmonic acid-dependent signaling pathway triggered by leaf folder herbivory played a vital role in rice defense against this pest. Taken together, our results provide comprehensive insights into the defense system of rice to this species and may inform the development of insect-resistant rice varieties.
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Liu Q, Yang X, Tzin V, Peng Y, Romeis J, Li Y. Plant breeding involving genetic engineering does not result in unacceptable unintended effects in rice relative to conventional cross-breeding. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 103:2236-2249. [PMID: 32593184 PMCID: PMC7540705 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Advancements in -omics techniques provide powerful tools to assess the potential effects in composition of a plant at the RNA, protein and metabolite levels. These technologies can thus be deployed to assess whether genetic engineering (GE) causes changes in plants that go beyond the changes introduced by conventional plant breeding. Here, we compare the extent of transcriptome and metabolome modification occurring in leaves of four GE rice lines expressing Bacillus thuringiensis genes developed by GE and seven rice lines developed by conventional cross-breeding. The results showed that both types of crop breeding methods can bring changes at transcriptomic and metabolic levels, but the differences were comparable between the two methods, and were less than those between conventional non-GE lines were. Metabolome profiling analysis found several new metabolites in GE rice lines when compared with the closest non-GE parental lines, but these compounds were also found in several of the conventionally bred rice lines. Functional analyses suggest that the differentially expressed genes and metabolites caused by both GE and conventional cross-breeding do not involve detrimental metabolic pathways. The study successfully employed RNA-sequencing and high-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry technology to assess the unintended changes in new rice varieties, and the results suggest that GE does not cause unintended effects that go beyond conventional cross-breeding in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingsong Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect PestsInstitute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100193People’s Republic of China
- College of Life SciencesXinyang Normal UniversityXinyang464000People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect PestsInstitute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100193People’s Republic of China
| | - Vered Tzin
- French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of DrylandsJacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert ResearchBen‐Gurion University of the NegevSede Boqer CampusMidreseht Ben Gurion8499000Israel
| | - Yufa Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect PestsInstitute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100193People’s Republic of China
| | - Jörg Romeis
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect PestsInstitute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100193People’s Republic of China
- Agroscope, Research Division Agroecology and EnvironmentZurich8046Switzerland
| | - Yunhe Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect PestsInstitute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100193People’s Republic of China
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Zhao C, Wu L, Luo J, Niu L, Wang C, Zhu X, Wang L, Zhao P, Zhang S, Cui J. Bt, Not a Threat to Propylea japonica. Front Physiol 2020; 11:758. [PMID: 32903558 PMCID: PMC7438476 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the ever-increasing commercial planting of transgenic plants across the world, an evaluation of their impacts on non-target organisms is as an important part of the risk assessment process. Propylea japonica is a dominant non-target predator and pollen feeder insect that is prevalent in Bt cotton fields, and it is thus in direct contact with Bt proteins. However, the effect of Bt proteins on P. japonica has not received much attention. In this study, the effects of Cry1Ac and/or Cry2Ab proteins on P. japonica were investigated from three aspects. First, no significant differences in the diversity of the microbiota nor change in species composition and community structure were observed among Cry protein treatments. Firmicutes are the most abundant bacterial phylum present in P. japonica, followed by Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. The most abundant genus was Staphylococcus. Second, the expression levels of the detoxification and digestion-related genes did not change significantly in any Cry protein treatment. Third, none of the Cry proteins affected the population fitness of P. japonica. These results indicated that P. japonica was not sensitive to Bt proteins, suggesting that growing Bt cotton expressing Cry1Ac and/or Cry2Ab will pose negligible risks to P. japonica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China.,Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Linke Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Junyu Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Lin Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China.,Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chuanpeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Xiangzhen Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China.,College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jinjie Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China.,Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Li Y, Wang Z, Romeis J. Managing the Invasive Fall Armyworm through Biotech Crops: A Chinese Perspective. Trends Biotechnol 2020; 39:105-107. [PMID: 32713608 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2020.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In late 2018, the highly destructive and polyphagous fall armyworm was first detected in China. It is now a major economic threat to corn production. In this article, the main control strategies that are available are reviewed and prospects to manage this pest with Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) corn in China are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhe Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute for Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Zhenying Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute for Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jörg Romeis
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute for Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Agroscope, Research Division Agroecology and Environment, Reckenholzstrasse 191, 8046 Zurich, Switzerland
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34
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Li Y, Hallerman EM, Peng Y. Excessive Chinese concerns over genetically engineered food safety are unjustified. NATURE PLANTS 2020; 6:590. [PMID: 32424238 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-020-0685-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunhe Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Eric M Hallerman
- Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
| | - Yufa Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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