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Xu C, Wei Z, Lv L, Dong X, Xia W, Xing J, Liu H, Zhao X, Liu Y, Wang W, Jiang H, Gong Y, Liu C, Xu K, Wang S, Akimoto Y, Hu Z. Impdh2 deficiency suppresses osteoclastogenesis through mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and alleviates ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 727:150317. [PMID: 38959733 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Abnormalities in osteoclastic generation or activity disrupt bone homeostasis and are highly involved in many pathologic bone-related diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, osteopetrosis, and osteoporosis. Control of osteoclast-mediated bone resorption is crucial for treating these bone diseases. However, the mechanisms of control of osteoclastogenesis are incompletely understood. In this study, we identified that inosine 5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase type II (Impdh2) positively regulates bone resorption. By histomorphometric analysis, Impdh2 deletion in mouse myeloid lineage cells (Impdh2LysM-/- mice) showed a high bone mass due to the reduced osteoclast number. qPCR and western blotting results demonstrated that the expression of osteoclast marker genes, including Nfatc1, Ctsk, Calcr, Acp5, Dcstamp, and Atp6v0d2, was significantly decreased in the Impdh2LysM-/- mice. Furthermore, the Impdh inhibitor MPA treatment inhibited osteoclast differentiation and induced Impdh2-cytoophidia formation. The ability of osteoclast differentiation was recovered after MPA deprivation. Interestingly, genome-wide analysis revealed that the osteoclastic mitochondrial biogenesis and functions, such as oxidative phosphorylation, were impaired in the Impdh2LysM-/- mice. Moreover, the deletion of Impdh2 alleviated ovariectomy-induced bone loss. In conclusion, our findings revealed a previously unrecognized function of Impdh2, suggesting that Impdh2-mediated mechanisms represent therapeutic targets for osteolytic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cognitive and Affective Disorders, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430056, China.
| | - Zhixin Wei
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Hanjiang River Basin, School of Life Sciences, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430056, China
| | - Longfei Lv
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Hanjiang River Basin, School of Life Sciences, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430056, China
| | - Xiaoyu Dong
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Hanjiang River Basin, School of Life Sciences, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430056, China
| | - Wenwen Xia
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cognitive and Affective Disorders, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430056, China
| | - Junqiao Xing
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cognitive and Affective Disorders, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430056, China
| | - Hongni Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cognitive and Affective Disorders, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430056, China
| | - Xue Zhao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cognitive and Affective Disorders, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430056, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cognitive and Affective Disorders, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430056, China
| | - Weihua Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cognitive and Affective Disorders, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430056, China
| | - Haochen Jiang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cognitive and Affective Disorders, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430056, China
| | - Yeli Gong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cognitive and Affective Disorders, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430056, China
| | - Cong Liu
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Kai Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Siyuan Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518118, China
| | | | - Zhangfeng Hu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cognitive and Affective Disorders, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430056, China; Hubei Engineering Research Center for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Hanjiang River Basin, School of Life Sciences, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430056, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430056, China.
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2
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Kaymak I, Watson MJ, Oswald BM, Ma S, Johnson BK, DeCamp LM, Mabvakure BM, Luda KM, Ma EH, Lau K, Fu Z, Muhire B, Kitchen-Goosen SM, Vander Ark A, Dahabieh MS, Samborska B, Vos M, Shen H, Fan ZP, Roddy TP, Kingsbury GA, Sousa CM, Krawczyk CM, Williams KS, Sheldon RD, Kaech SM, Roy DG, Jones RG. ACLY and ACSS2 link nutrient-dependent chromatin accessibility to CD8 T cell effector responses. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20231820. [PMID: 39150482 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20231820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Coordination of cellular metabolism is essential for optimal T cell responses. Here, we identify cytosolic acetyl-CoA production as an essential metabolic node for CD8 T cell function in vivo. We show that CD8 T cell responses to infection depend on acetyl-CoA derived from citrate via the enzyme ATP citrate lyase (ACLY). However, ablation of ACLY triggers an alternative, acetate-dependent pathway for acetyl-CoA production mediated by acyl-CoA synthetase short-chain family member 2 (ACSS2). Mechanistically, acetate fuels both the TCA cycle and cytosolic acetyl-CoA production, impacting T cell effector responses, acetate-dependent histone acetylation, and chromatin accessibility at effector gene loci. When ACLY is functional, ACSS2 is not required, suggesting acetate is not an obligate metabolic substrate for CD8 T cell function. However, loss of ACLY renders CD8 T cells dependent on acetate (via ACSS2) to maintain acetyl-CoA production and effector function. Together, ACLY and ACSS2 coordinate cytosolic acetyl-CoA production in CD8 T cells to maintain chromatin accessibility and T cell effector function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irem Kaymak
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - McLane J Watson
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Brandon M Oswald
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Shixin Ma
- NOMIS Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Salk Institute for Biological Studies , La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin K Johnson
- Department of Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Metabolism and Nutrition (MeNu) Program, Van Andel Institute , Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Lisa M DeCamp
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Metabolism and Nutrition (MeNu) Program, Van Andel Institute , Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Batsirai M Mabvakure
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Katarzyna M Luda
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen , København, Denmark
| | - Eric H Ma
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Kin Lau
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Van Andel Institute , Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Zhen Fu
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Van Andel Institute , Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Brejnev Muhire
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Susan M Kitchen-Goosen
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Metabolism and Nutrition (MeNu) Program, Van Andel Institute , Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Alexandra Vander Ark
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Michael S Dahabieh
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Bozena Samborska
- Goodman Cancer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University , Montréal, Canada
| | - Matthew Vos
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Metabolism and Nutrition (MeNu) Program, Van Andel Institute , Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Hui Shen
- Department of Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Connie M Krawczyk
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Metabolism and Nutrition (MeNu) Program, Van Andel Institute , Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Kelsey S Williams
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Metabolism and Nutrition (MeNu) Program, Van Andel Institute , Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Ryan D Sheldon
- Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Van Andel Institute , Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Susan M Kaech
- NOMIS Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Salk Institute for Biological Studies , La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Dominic G Roy
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal , Montréal, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Institut du Cancer de Montréal , Montréal, Canada
| | - Russell G Jones
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Metabolism and Nutrition (MeNu) Program, Van Andel Institute , Grand Rapids, MI, USA
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3
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Wragg KM, Worley MJ, Deng JC, Salmon M, Goldstein DR. Deficiency in the mitophagy mediator Parkin accelerates murine skin allograft rejection. Am J Transplant 2024:S1600-6135(24)00491-X. [PMID: 39142471 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajt.2024.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Alterations in mitochondrial function and associated quality control programs, including mitochondrial-specific autophagy, termed mitophagy, are gaining increasing recognition in the context of disease. However, the role of mitophagy in organ transplant rejection remains poorly understood. Using mice deficient in Parkin, a ubiquitin-ligase which tags damaged or dysfunctional mitochondria for autophagic clearance, we assessed the impact of Parkin-dependent mitophagy on skin-graft rejection. We observed accelerated graft loss in Parkin-deficient mice across multiple-skin graft models. Immune cell distributions post-transplantation were largely unperturbed compared to wild-type; however, the CD8+ T cells of Parkin-deficient mice expressed more T-bet, IFNγ and Ki67, indicating greater priming towards effector function. This was accompanied by increased circulating levels of IL-12p70 in Parkin-deficient mice. Using a mixed leukocyte reaction, we demonstrated that naïve Parkin-deficient CD4+ and CD8+ T cells exhibit enhanced activation marker expression and proliferative responses to alloantigen, which were attenuated with administration of a pharmacological mitophagy inducer (p62-mediated mitophagy inducer), known to increase mitophagy in the absence of a functional PINK1-Parkin pathway. These findings indicate a role for Parkin-dependent mitophagy in curtailing skin-graft rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen M Wragg
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Matthew J Worley
- Pulmonary Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jane C Deng
- Pulmonary Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Morgan Salmon
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
| | - Daniel R Goldstein
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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4
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Ding HZ, Wang H, Wu D, Zhou FC, Zhu J, Tong JB, Gao YT, Li ZG. Serum metabolomics analysis of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and 'frequent exacerbator' phenotype. Mol Med Rep 2024; 30:137. [PMID: 38873983 PMCID: PMC11200052 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2024.13261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations accelerate loss of lung function and increased mortality. The complex nature of COPD presents challenges in accurately predicting and understanding frequent exacerbations. The present study aimed to assess the metabolic characteristics of the frequent exacerbation of COPD (COPD‑FE) phenotype, identify potential metabolic biomarkers associated with COPD‑FE risk and evaluate the underlying pathogenic mechanisms. An internal cohort of 30 stable patients with COPD was recruited. A widely targeted metabolomics approach was used to detect and compare serum metabolite expression profiles between patients with COPD‑FE and patients with non‑frequent exacerbation of COPD (COPD‑NE). Bioinformatics analysis was used for pathway enrichment analysis of the identified metabolites. Spearman's correlation analysis assessed the associations between metabolites and clinical indicators, while receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis evaluated the ability of metabolites to distinguish between two groups. An external cohort of 20 patients with COPD validated findings from the internal cohort. Out of the 484 detected metabolites, 25 exhibited significant differences between COPD‑FE and COPD‑NE. Metabolomic analysis revealed differences in lipid, energy, amino acid and immunity pathways. Spearman's correlation analysis demonstrated associations between metabolites and clinical indicators of acute exacerbation risk. ROC analysis demonstrated that the area under the curve (AUC) values for D‑fructose 1,6‑bisphosphate (AUC=0.871), arginine (AUC=0.836), L‑2‑hydroxyglutarate (L‑2HG; AUC=0.849), diacylglycerol (DG) (16:0/20:5) (AUC=0.827), DG (16:0/20:4) (AUC=0.818) and carnitine‑C18:2 (AUC=0.804) were >0.8, highlighting their discriminative capacity between the two groups. External validation results demonstrated that DG (16:0/20:5), DG (16:0/20:4), carnitine‑C18:2 and L‑2HG were significantly different between patients with COPD‑FE and those with COPD‑NE. In conclusion, the present study offers insights into early identification, mechanistic understanding and personalized management of the COPD‑FE phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Zhang Ding
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, P.R. China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory for The Application and Transformation of Traditional Chinese Medicine in The Prevention and Treatment of Major Respiratory Diseases, Hefei, Anhui 230012, P.R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, P.R. China
| | - Di Wu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, P.R. China
| | - Fan-Chao Zhou
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Bing Tong
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Ting Gao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, P.R. China
| | - Ze-Geng Li
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory for The Application and Transformation of Traditional Chinese Medicine in The Prevention and Treatment of Major Respiratory Diseases, Hefei, Anhui 230012, P.R. China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, P.R. China
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5
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Yi Zhang, Feng R, Li H, Wu W, Ma W, Chen X, Chen J, Liang C. CXCR4 influences PUFA desaturation and oxidative stress injury in experimental prostatitis mice by activating Fads2 via PPARγ. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 223:237-249. [PMID: 39094710 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Chronic prostatitis-induced excessive inflammation and oxidative stress (OS) damage substantially affect men's quality of life. However, its treatment remains a major clinical challenge. Therefore, the identification of drugs that can decrease chronic prostatitis and oxidative stress targets is urgent and essential. CXCR4 is a classic chemokine receptor that is crucially associated with the occurrence and development of inflammation. This investigation aimed to elucidate how CXCR4 affects prostatitis regression and progression. The effect of CXCR4 on chronic prostatitis was evaluated by HE staining, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, PCR, and TUNEL analyses. Furthermore, CXCR4 influence on metabolism was also evaluated by monitoring body weight, body temperature, food intake, and LC/MS. Additionally, chromatin immunoprecipitation, Western blot, and double luciferase reporter gene assays were carried out to elucidate the mechanism by which CXCR4 modulates Fads2 transcription by PPARγ. Lastly, ROS, DHE, mito-tracker, and ATP were utilized to validate the α-linolenic acid's protective effect against OS in prostate epithelial cells. It was revealed that the inhibition of CXCR4 can effectively alleviate prostatitis in mice. Furthermore, downregulating CXCR4 expression can markedly reduce the inflammatory cell infiltration in mouse prostates, decrease the elevated levels of DNA damage markers,MDA and 4-HNE, and mitigate apoptosis of prostatic epithelial cells. Moreover, treatment of CXCR4 knockdown mice with a PPARγ inhibitor revealed different degrees of changes in the above phenotypes. Mechanistically, the PPARγ protein translocates to the nucleus and serves as a transcription factor to regulate Fads2 expression, thereby altering PUFA metabolism. Additionally, in vitro experiments indicated that α-linolenic acid can effectively alleviate OS damage and RWPE-1 cell apoptosis by protecting mitochondrial function and enhancing the antioxidant capacity of prostatic epithelial cells. In conclusion, reducing the levels of CXCR4 can alleviate inflammation and OS damage in chronic prostatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Urological and Andrological Diseases Research and Medical Transformation, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Rui Feng
- Department of Urology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Haolin Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Urological and Andrological Diseases Research and Medical Transformation, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Weikang Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Urological and Andrological Diseases Research and Medical Transformation, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Wenming Ma
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Urological and Andrological Diseases Research and Medical Transformation, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Xianguo Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Urological and Andrological Diseases Research and Medical Transformation, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China.
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Urological and Andrological Diseases Research and Medical Transformation, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China.
| | - Chaozhao Liang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Urological and Andrological Diseases Research and Medical Transformation, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China.
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6
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Walker MA, Li S, Livak KJ, Karaa A, Wu CJ, Mootha VK. T cell activation contributes to purifying selection against the MELAS-associated m.3243A>G pathogenic variant in blood. J Inherit Metab Dis 2024; 47:757-765. [PMID: 38499449 PMCID: PMC11251844 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
T cells have been shown to maintain a lower percentage (heteroplasmy) of the pathogenic m.3243A>G variant (MT-TL1, associated with maternally inherited diabetes and deafness [MIDD] and mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes [MELAS]). The mechanism(s) underlying this purifying selection, however, remain unknown. Here we report that purified patient memory CD4+ T cells have lower bulk m.3243A>G heteroplasmy compared to naïve CD4+ T cells. In vitro activation of naïve CD4+ m.3243A>G patient T cells results in lower bulk m.3243A>G heteroplasmy after proliferation. Finally, m.3243A>G patient T cell receptor repertoire sequencing reveals relative oligoclonality compared to controls. These data support a role for T cell activation in peripheral, purifying selection against high m.3243A>G heteroplasmy T cells at the level of the cell, in a likely cell-autonomous fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A Walker
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and the Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Shuqiang Li
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Translational Immunogenomics Laboratory, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kenneth J Livak
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Translational Immunogenomics Laboratory, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Amel Karaa
- Department of Pediatrics, Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Catherine J Wu
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Vamsi K Mootha
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and the Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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7
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Qin S, Xie B, Wang Q, Yang R, Sun J, Hu C, Liu S, Tao Y, Xiao D. New insights into immune cells in cancer immunotherapy: from epigenetic modification, metabolic modulation to cell communication. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e551. [PMID: 38783893 PMCID: PMC11112485 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and more effective ways of attacking cancer are being sought. Cancer immunotherapy is a new and effective therapeutic method after surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy. Cancer immunotherapy aims to kill tumor cells by stimulating or rebuilding the body's immune system, with specific efficiency and high safety. However, only few tumor patients respond to immunotherapy and due to the complex and variable characters of cancer immune escape, the behavior and regulatory mechanisms of immune cells need to be deeply explored from more dimensions. Epigenetic modifications, metabolic modulation, and cell-to-cell communication are key factors in immune cell adaptation and response to the complex tumor microenvironment. They collectively determine the state and function of immune cells through modulating gene expression, changing in energy and nutrient demands. In addition, immune cells engage in complex communication networks with other immune components, which are mediated by exosomes, cytokines, and chemokines, and are pivotal in shaping the tumor progression and therapeutic response. Understanding the interactions and combined effects of such multidimensions mechanisms in immune cell modulation is important for revealing the mechanisms of immunotherapy failure and developing new therapeutic targets and strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Qin
- Department of PathologyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
- Department of PathologySchool of Basic Medical ScienceXiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Bin Xie
- Department of PathologyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Qingyi Wang
- Department of PathologyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
- Department of PathologySchool of Basic Medical ScienceXiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of PathologyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
- Department of PathologySchool of Basic Medical ScienceXiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Jingyue Sun
- Department of PathologyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
- Department of PathologySchool of Basic Medical ScienceXiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Chaotao Hu
- Regenerative Medicine, Medical SchoolUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of OncologyInstitute of Medical SciencesNational Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DisordersXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha, Hunan, China. UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Yongguang Tao
- Department of PathologyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
- NHC Key Laboratory of CarcinogenesisCancer Research Institute and School of Basic MedicineCentral South universityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Desheng Xiao
- Department of PathologyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
- Department of PathologySchool of Basic Medical ScienceXiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
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8
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Suomalainen A, Nunnari J. Mitochondria at the crossroads of health and disease. Cell 2024; 187:2601-2627. [PMID: 38788685 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria reside at the crossroads of catabolic and anabolic metabolism-the essence of life. How their structure and function are dynamically tuned in response to tissue-specific needs for energy, growth repair, and renewal is being increasingly understood. Mitochondria respond to intrinsic and extrinsic stresses and can alter cell and organismal function by inducing metabolic signaling within cells and to distal cells and tissues. Here, we review how the centrality of mitochondrial functions manifests in health and a broad spectrum of diseases and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu Suomalainen
- University of Helsinki, Stem Cells and Metabolism Program, Faculty of Medicine, Helsinki, Finland; HiLife, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; HUS Diagnostics, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Jodi Nunnari
- Altos Labs, Bay Area Institute, Redwood Shores, CA, USA.
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9
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Vesala L, Basikhina Y, Tuomela T, Nurminen A, Siukola E, Vale PF, Salminen TS. Mitochondrial perturbation in immune cells enhances cell-mediated innate immunity in Drosophila. BMC Biol 2024; 22:60. [PMID: 38475850 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-024-01858-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondria participate in various cellular processes including energy metabolism, apoptosis, autophagy, production of reactive oxygen species, stress responses, inflammation and immunity. However, the role of mitochondrial metabolism in immune cells and tissues shaping the innate immune responses are not yet fully understood. We investigated the effects of tissue-specific mitochondrial perturbation on the immune responses at the organismal level. Genes for oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complexes cI-cV were knocked down in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, targeting the two main immune tissues, the fat body and the immune cells (hemocytes). RESULTS While OXPHOS perturbation in the fat body was detrimental, hemocyte-specific perturbation led to an enhanced immunocompetence. This was accompanied by the formation of melanized hemocyte aggregates (melanotic nodules), a sign of activation of cell-mediated innate immunity. Furthermore, the hemocyte-specific OXPHOS perturbation induced immune activation of hemocytes, resulting in an infection-like hemocyte profile and an enhanced immune response against parasitoid wasp infection. In addition, OXPHOS perturbation in hemocytes resulted in mitochondrial membrane depolarization and upregulation of genes associated with the mitochondrial unfolded protein response. CONCLUSIONS Overall, we show that while the effects of mitochondrial perturbation on immune responses are highly tissue-specific, mild mitochondrial dysfunction can be beneficial in immune-challenged individuals and contributes to variation in infection outcomes among individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Vesala
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Yuliya Basikhina
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Tea Tuomela
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Anssi Nurminen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Emilia Siukola
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Pedro F Vale
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Tiina S Salminen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
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10
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Wu K, El Zowalaty AE, Sayin VI, Papagiannakopoulos T. The pleiotropic functions of reactive oxygen species in cancer. NATURE CANCER 2024; 5:384-399. [PMID: 38531982 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-024-00738-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Cellular redox homeostasis is an essential, dynamic process that ensures the balance between reducing and oxidizing reactions within cells and thus has implications across all areas of biology. Changes in levels of reactive oxygen species can disrupt redox homeostasis, leading to oxidative or reductive stress that contributes to the pathogenesis of many malignancies, including cancer. From transformation and tumor initiation to metastatic dissemination, increasing reactive oxygen species in cancer cells can paradoxically promote or suppress the tumorigenic process, depending on the extent of redox stress, its spatiotemporal characteristics and the tumor microenvironment. Here we review how redox regulation influences tumorigenesis, highlighting therapeutic opportunities enabled by redox-related alterations in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Wu
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Perlmutter NYU Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ahmed Ezat El Zowalaty
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Volkan I Sayin
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Thales Papagiannakopoulos
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Perlmutter NYU Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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11
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Ma Y, Chen H, Li H, Zhao Z, An Q, Shi C. Targeting monoamine oxidase A: a strategy for inhibiting tumor growth with both immune checkpoint inhibitors and immune modulators. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2024; 73:48. [PMID: 38349393 PMCID: PMC10864517 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-023-03622-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) is a membrane-bound mitochondrial enzyme present in almost all vertebrate tissues that catalyzes the degradation of biogenic and dietary-derived monoamines. MAOA is known for regulating neurotransmitter metabolism and has been implicated in antitumor immune responses. In this review, we retrospect that MAOA inhibits the activities of various types of tumor-associated immune cells (such as CD8+ T cells and tumor-associated macrophages) by regulating their intracellular monoamines and metabolites. Developing novel MAOA inhibitor drugs and exploring multidrug combination strategies may enhance the efficacy of immune governance. Thus, MAOA may act as a novel immune checkpoint or immunomodulator by influencing the efficacy and effectiveness of immunotherapy. In conclusion, MAOA is a promising immune target that merits further in-depth exploration in preclinical and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Ma
- Division of Cancer Biology, Laboratory Animal Center, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
- Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanmu Chen
- Division of Cancer Biology, Laboratory Animal Center, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College of Yan'an University, 580 Bao-Ta Street, Yanan, 716000, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Li
- Division of Cancer Biology, Laboratory Animal Center, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhite Zhao
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingling An
- Division of Cancer Biology, Laboratory Animal Center, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Changhong Shi
- Division of Cancer Biology, Laboratory Animal Center, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Lu L, Yang Y, Shi G, He X, Xu X, Feng Y, Wang W, Li Z, Yang J, Li B, Sun G. Alterations in mitochondrial structure and function in response to environmental temperature changes in Apostichopus japonicus. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 194:106330. [PMID: 38171258 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.106330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Global temperatures have risen as a result of climate change, and the resulting warmer seawater will exert physiological stresses on many aquatic animals, including Apostichopus japonicus. It has been suggested that the sensitivity of aquatic poikilothermal animals to climate change is closely related to mitochondrial function. Therefore, understanding the interaction between elevated temperature and mitochondrial functioning is key to characterizing organisms' responses to heat stress. However, little is known about the mitochondrial response to heat stress in A. japonicus. In this work, we investigated the morphological and functional changes of A. japonicus mitochondria under three representative temperatures, control temperature (18 °C), aestivation temperature (25 °C) and heat stress temperature (32 °C) temperatures using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation of mitochondrial morphology combined with proteomics and metabolomics techniques. The results showed that the mitochondrial morphology of A. japonicus was altered, with decreases in the number of mitochondrial cristae at 25 °C and mitochondrial lysis, fracture, and vacuolization at 32 °C. Proteomic and metabolomic analyses revealed 103 differentially expressed proteins and 161 differential metabolites at 25 °C. At 32 °C, the levels of 214 proteins and 172 metabolites were significantly altered. These proteins and metabolites were involved in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, substance transport, membrane potential homeostasis, anti-stress processes, mitochondrial autophagy, and apoptosis. Furthermore, a hypothetical network of proteins and metabolites in A. japonicus mitochondria in response to temperature changes was constructed based on proteomic and metabolomic data. These results suggest that the dynamic regulation of mitochondrial energy metabolism, resistance to oxidative stress, autophagy, apoptosis, and mitochondrial morphology in A. japonicus may play important roles in the response to elevated temperatures. In summary, this study describes the response of A. japonicus mitochondria to temperature changes from the perspectives of morphology, proteins, and metabolites, which provided a better understanding the mechanisms of mitochondrial regulation under environment stress in marine echinoderms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Lu
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, 264025, China
| | - Yu Yang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, 264025, China
| | - Guojun Shi
- Hekou District Science and Technology Bureau, China
| | - Xiaohua He
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, 264025, China
| | - Xiaohui Xu
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, 264025, China
| | - Yanwei Feng
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, 264025, China
| | - Weijun Wang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, 264025, China
| | - Zan Li
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, 264025, China
| | - Jianmin Yang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, 264025, China
| | - Bin Li
- Yantai Haiyu Marine Science and Technology Co. Ltd, Yantai, 264002, China
| | - Guohua Sun
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, 264025, China.
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13
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Alvarez S, Vanasco V, Adán Areán JS, Magnani N, Evelson P. Mitochondrial Mechanisms in Immunity and Inflammatory Conditions: Beyond Energy Management. Antioxid Redox Signal 2024. [PMID: 38062738 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2023.0367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Significance: The growing importance of mitochondria in the immune response and inflammation is multifaceted. Unraveling the different mechanisms by which mitochondria have a relevant role in the inflammatory response beyond the energy management of the process is necessary for improving our understanding of the host immune defense and the pathogenesis of various inflammatory diseases and syndromes. Critical Issues: Mitochondria are relevant in the immune response at different levels, including releasing activation molecules, changing its structure and function to accompany the immune response, and serving as a structural base for activating intermediates as NLRP3 inflammasome. In this scientific journey of dissecting mitochondrial mechanisms, new questions and interesting aspects arise, such as the involvement of mitochondrial-derived vesicles in the immune response with the putative role of preventing uncontrolled situations. Recent Advances: Researchers are continuously rethinking the role of mitochondria in acute and chronic inflammation and related disorders. As such, mitochondria have important roles as centrally positioned signaling hubs in regulating inflammatory and immune responses. In this review, we present the current understanding of mitochondrial mechanisms involved, beyond the largely known mitochondrial dysfunction, in the onset and development of inflammatory situations. Future Directions: Mitochondria emerge as an interesting and multifaceted platform for studying and developing pharmaceutical and therapeutic approaches. There are many ongoing studies aimed to describe the effects of specific mitochondrial targeted molecules and treatments to ameliorate the consequences of exacerbated inflammatory components of pathologies and syndromes, resulting in an open area of increasing research interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Alvarez
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Fisicoquímica, CABA, Argentina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Química General e Inorgánica, CABA, Argentina
| | - Virginia Vanasco
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Fisicoquímica, CABA, Argentina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Química General e Inorgánica, CABA, Argentina
| | - Juan Santiago Adán Areán
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Fisicoquímica, CABA, Argentina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Química General e Inorgánica, CABA, Argentina
| | - Natalia Magnani
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Química General e Inorgánica, CABA, Argentina
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), Buenos Aires, CABA, Argentina
| | - Pablo Evelson
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Química General e Inorgánica, CABA, Argentina
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), Buenos Aires, CABA, Argentina
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14
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Han A, Peng T, Xie Y, Zhang W, Sun W, Xie Y, Ma Y, Wang C, Xie N. Mitochondrial-regulated Tregs: potential therapeutic targets for autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1301074. [PMID: 38149252 PMCID: PMC10749924 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1301074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) can eliminate autoreactive lymphocytes, induce self-tolerance, and suppress the inflammatory response. Mitochondria, as the energy factories of cells, are essential for regulating the survival, differentiation, and function of Tregs. Studies have shown that patients with autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system, such as multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, and autoimmune encephalitis, have aberrant Tregs and mitochondrial damage. However, the role of mitochondrial-regulated Tregs in autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system remains inconclusive. Therefore, this study reviews the mitochondrial regulation of Tregs in autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system and investigates the possible mitochondrial therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoya Han
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tingting Peng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yinyin Xie
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wanwan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenlin Sun
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yi Xie
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yunqing Ma
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Cui Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Nanchang Xie
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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15
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Chen C, Zheng H, Horwitz EM, Ando S, Araki K, Zhao P, Li Z, Ford ML, Ahmed R, Qu CK. Mitochondrial metabolic flexibility is critical for CD8 + T cell antitumor immunity. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf9522. [PMID: 38055827 PMCID: PMC10699783 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf9522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria use different substrates for energy production and intermediatory metabolism according to the availability of nutrients and oxygen levels. The role of mitochondrial metabolic flexibility for CD8+ T cell immune response is poorly understood. Here, we report that the deletion or pharmacological inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphatase, mitochondrial 1 (PTPMT1) significantly decreased CD8+ effector T cell development and clonal expansion. In addition, PTPMT1 deletion impaired stem-like CD8+ T cell maintenance and accelerated CD8+ T cell exhaustion/dysfunction, leading to aggravated tumor growth. Mechanistically, the loss of PTPMT1 critically altered mitochondrial fuel selection-the utilization of pyruvate, a major mitochondrial substrate derived from glucose-was inhibited, whereas fatty acid utilization was enhanced. Persistent mitochondrial substrate shift and metabolic inflexibility induced oxidative stress, DNA damage, and apoptosis in PTPMT1 knockout cells. Collectively, this study reveals an important role of PTPMT1 in facilitating mitochondrial utilization of carbohydrates and that mitochondrial flexibility in energy source selection is critical for CD8+ T cell antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Hong Zheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Edwin M. Horwitz
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Satomi Ando
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Koichi Araki
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Zhiguo Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Mandy L. Ford
- Department of Surgery, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Rafi Ahmed
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Cheng-Kui Qu
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
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16
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Wang H, Wei L, Mao D, Che X, Ye X, Liu Y, Chen Y. Combination of oxymatrine (Om) and astragaloside IV (As) enhances the infiltration and function of TILs in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 125:111026. [PMID: 37866315 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive subtype and has a poor response to treatment due to an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Chinese Medicine effective constituents such as oxymatrine (Om) and astragaloside IV (As) have shown promise in cancer treatment by providing anti-fibrosis and immune-enhancing effects. However, the potential combined effect of Om and As on TNBC and its mechanism is still uncertain. This study focuses on exploring the impact of Om and As on enhancing the immunosuppressive microenvironment of TNBC and uncovering the potential mechanism behind it. In this study, a trans-Cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) infiltration system of T cells was utilized to investigate the potential benefits of Om, while the impact of As on the morphology and quantity of mitochondria in T cells was examined in a co-culture system with tumor cells. Further to investigate the combined effects of Om and As on tumor suppression and immunosuppressive microenvironment improvement, this study established an in situ TNBC mouse model with 4 T1-luc. In vitro, our findings indicate that Om can effectively suppress the activation of CAFs by downregulating the expression of FAP and α-SMA, and also promoting the infiltration of T cells trans CAFs. It was discovered that the mitochondrial activity of T cells could be improved by increasing the number of mitochondria and cristae. In vivo, the optimal ratio of Om and As (2:1) was found to increase the apoptosis rate of tumor cells in a co-culture system and enhance the infiltration of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, as confirmed by Flow Cytometry results. Our study suggests that Om and As could enhance the immune system's ability to treat TNBC by improving the infiltration and increasing the anti-tumor function of TILs. This intervention may lead to a promising therapeutic direction for the treatment of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China; Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Liangyin Wei
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China; Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Dengxuan Mao
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China; Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Xiaoyu Che
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China; Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Xietao Ye
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China; Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Yuping Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China; Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China.
| | - Yan Chen
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China; Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China.
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17
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Kang K, Deng X, Xie W, Chen J, Lin H, Chen Z. Rhodotorula mucilaginosa ZTHY2 Attenuates Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunosuppression in Mice. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3376. [PMID: 37958131 PMCID: PMC10648412 DOI: 10.3390/ani13213376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhodotorula mucilaginosa (R. mucilaginosa) can enhance the immune and antioxidant function of the body. However, whether R. mucilaginosa has an immunoregulatory effect on cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunosuppressed animals remains to be clarified. In this study, the R. mucilaginosa ZTHY2 that we isolated from the coastal waters of the South China Sea previously was prepared in order to investigate its immunoprotective effect on CTX-induced immunosuppression in mice, and the effects were compared to those of Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA) (a well-known probiotic). Seventy-two male SPF mice were divided into six groups: The C group (control); IM group (immunosuppressive model group) (+CTX); Rl, Rm, and Rh groups (+CTX+low, medium, and high concentration of R. mucilaginosa, respectively); and PC (positive control) group (+CTX+LA). After a 28-day feeding trial, blood samples were taken for biochemical and serum immunological analysis, and the thymus and spleen were collected to analyze the organ index, lymphocyte proliferation and differentiation, and antioxidant capacity. The findings showed that R. mucilaginosa ZTHY2 improved the spleen and thymus indices, effectively attenuated immune organ atrophy caused by CTX, and enhanced the proliferation of T and B lymphocytes induced by ConA and LPS. R. mucilaginosa ZTHY2 promoted the secretion of cytokines and immunoglobulins and significantly increased the contents of IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IgA, IgG, IgM, CD4, CD8, CD19, and CD20 in serum. The proportion of CD4+, CD8+, CD19+, and CD20+ lymphocytes in spleen, thymus, and mesenteric lymph nodes were increased. In addition, R. mucilaginosa ZTHY2 reduced the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and increased glutathione (GSH), total superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) levels. Our results indicated that R. mucilaginosa ZTHY2 can significantly enhance the immune function of immunosuppressed mice, and improving antioxidant capacity thus attenuates CTX-induced immunosuppression and immune organ atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Kang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (K.K.); (X.D.); (W.X.); (J.C.); (H.L.)
| | - Xinyi Deng
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (K.K.); (X.D.); (W.X.); (J.C.); (H.L.)
| | - Weitian Xie
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (K.K.); (X.D.); (W.X.); (J.C.); (H.L.)
| | - Jinjun Chen
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (K.K.); (X.D.); (W.X.); (J.C.); (H.L.)
| | - Hongying Lin
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (K.K.); (X.D.); (W.X.); (J.C.); (H.L.)
| | - Zhibao Chen
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (K.K.); (X.D.); (W.X.); (J.C.); (H.L.)
- South China Branch of National Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang 524088, China
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18
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Wu H, Zhao X, Hochrein SM, Eckstein M, Gubert GF, Knöpper K, Mansilla AM, Öner A, Doucet-Ladevèze R, Schmitz W, Ghesquière B, Theurich S, Dudek J, Gasteiger G, Zernecke A, Kobold S, Kastenmüller W, Vaeth M. Mitochondrial dysfunction promotes the transition of precursor to terminally exhausted T cells through HIF-1α-mediated glycolytic reprogramming. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6858. [PMID: 37891230 PMCID: PMC10611730 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42634-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
T cell exhaustion is a hallmark of cancer and persistent infections, marked by inhibitory receptor upregulation, diminished cytokine secretion, and impaired cytolytic activity. Terminally exhausted T cells are steadily replenished by a precursor population (Tpex), but the metabolic principles governing Tpex maintenance and the regulatory circuits that control their exhaustion remain incompletely understood. Using a combination of gene-deficient mice, single-cell transcriptomics, and metabolomic analyses, we show that mitochondrial insufficiency is a cell-intrinsic trigger that initiates the functional exhaustion of T cells. At the molecular level, we find that mitochondrial dysfunction causes redox stress, which inhibits the proteasomal degradation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) and promotes the transcriptional and metabolic reprogramming of Tpex cells into terminally exhausted T cells. Our findings also bear clinical significance, as metabolic engineering of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells is a promising strategy to enhance the stemness and functionality of Tpex cells for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group, Julius-Maximilians University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Xiufeng Zhao
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group, Julius-Maximilians University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sophia M Hochrein
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group, Julius-Maximilians University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Miriam Eckstein
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group, Julius-Maximilians University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Gabriela F Gubert
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group, Julius-Maximilians University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Konrad Knöpper
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group, Julius-Maximilians University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ana Maria Mansilla
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group, Julius-Maximilians University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Arman Öner
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, Ludwig Maximilians University (LMU) Munich, University Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | - Remi Doucet-Ladevèze
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group, Julius-Maximilians University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Werner Schmitz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Theodor Boveri Institute, Biocenter, Julius-Maximilians University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Bart Ghesquière
- Laboratory of Applied Mass Spectrometry, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium and Metabolomics Core Facility Leuven, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sebastian Theurich
- Ludwig Maximilians University (LMU) Munich, University Hospital, Department of Medicine III, Munich, Germany and LMU Gene Center, Cancer and Immunometabolism Research Group, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich, a partnership between the DKFZ Heidelberg and the University Hospital of the LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Jan Dudek
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC), University Hospital, Julius-Maximilians University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Georg Gasteiger
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group, Julius-Maximilians University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Alma Zernecke
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Kobold
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, Ludwig Maximilians University (LMU) Munich, University Hospital, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich, a partnership between the DKFZ Heidelberg and the University Hospital of the LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Kastenmüller
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group, Julius-Maximilians University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Martin Vaeth
- Würzburg Institute of Systems Immunology, Max Planck Research Group, Julius-Maximilians University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
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19
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Kurmi K, Liang D, van de Ven R, Georgiev P, Gassaway BM, Han S, Notarangelo G, Harris IS, Yao CH, Park JS, Hu SH, Peng J, Drijvers JM, Boswell S, Sokolov A, Dougan SK, Sorger PK, Gygi SP, Sharpe AH, Haigis MC. Metabolic modulation of mitochondrial mass during CD4 + T cell activation. Cell Chem Biol 2023; 30:1064-1075.e8. [PMID: 37716347 PMCID: PMC10604707 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2023.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial biogenesis initiates within hours of T cell receptor (TCR) engagement and is critical for T cell activation, function, and survival; yet, how metabolic programs support mitochondrial biogenesis during TCR signaling is not fully understood. Here, we performed a multiplexed metabolic chemical screen in CD4+ T lymphocytes to identify modulators of metabolism that impact mitochondrial mass during early T cell activation. Treatment of T cells with pyrvinium pamoate early during their activation blocks an increase in mitochondrial mass and results in reduced proliferation, skewed CD4+ T cell differentiation, and reduced cytokine production. Furthermore, administration of pyrvinium pamoate at the time of induction of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, an experimental model of multiple sclerosis in mice, prevented the onset of clinical disease. Thus, modulation of mitochondrial biogenesis may provide a therapeutic strategy for modulating T cell immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Kurmi
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dan Liang
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Robert van de Ven
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Peter Georgiev
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Brandon Mark Gassaway
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - SeongJun Han
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Giulia Notarangelo
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Isaac S Harris
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Cong-Hui Yao
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Joon Seok Park
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Song-Hua Hu
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jingyu Peng
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jefte M Drijvers
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sarah Boswell
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Artem Sokolov
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Stephanie K Dougan
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Peter K Sorger
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Steven P Gygi
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Arlene H Sharpe
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Marcia C Haigis
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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20
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Han K, Singh K, Meadows AM, Sharma R, Hassanzadeh S, Wu J, Goss-Holmes H, Huffstutler RD, Teague HL, Mehta NN, Griffin JL, Tian R, Traba J, Sack MN. Boosting NAD preferentially blunts Th17 inflammation via arginine biosynthesis and redox control in healthy and psoriasis subjects. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:101157. [PMID: 37586364 PMCID: PMC10518596 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate whether nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-positive (NAD+) boosting modulates adaptive immunity, primary CD4+ T cells from healthy control and psoriasis subjects were exposed to vehicle or nicotinamide riboside (NR) supplementation. NR blunts interferon γ (IFNγ) and interleukin (IL)-17 secretion with greater effects on T helper (Th) 17 polarization. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis implicates NR blunting of sequestosome 1 (sqstm1/p62)-coupled oxidative stress. NR administration increases sqstm1 and reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Furthermore, NR activates nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and genetic knockdown of nrf2 and the Nrf2-dependent gene, sqstm1, diminishes NR amelioratory effects. Metabolomics analysis identifies that NAD+ boosting increases arginine and fumarate biosynthesis, and genetic knockdown of argininosuccinate lyase ameliorates NR effects on IL-17 production. Hence NR via amino acid metabolites orchestrates Nrf2 activation, augments CD4+ T cell antioxidant defenses, and attenuates Th17 responsiveness. Oral NR supplementation in healthy volunteers similarly increases serum arginine, sqstm1, and antioxidant enzyme gene expression and blunts Th17 immune responsiveness, supporting evaluation of NAD+ boosting in CD4+ T cell-linked inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Han
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biology and Metabolism, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Komudi Singh
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biology and Metabolism, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Allison M Meadows
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biology and Metabolism, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Rahul Sharma
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biology and Metabolism, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shahin Hassanzadeh
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biology and Metabolism, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jing Wu
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biology and Metabolism, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Haley Goss-Holmes
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biology and Metabolism, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Heather L Teague
- Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Disease and Inflammation, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nehal N Mehta
- Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Disease and Inflammation, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Julian L Griffin
- Department of Biochemistry and Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; The Rowett Institute, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, Foresterhill Campus, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Rong Tian
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Javier Traba
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biology and Metabolism, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA; Instituto Universitario de Biología Molecular-UAM (IUBM-UAM), Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Michael N Sack
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biology and Metabolism, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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21
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Vavassori V, Ferrari S, Beretta S, Asperti C, Albano L, Annoni A, Gaddoni C, Varesi A, Soldi M, Cuomo A, Bonaldi T, Radrizzani M, Merelli I, Naldini L. Lipid nanoparticles allow efficient and harmless ex vivo gene editing of human hematopoietic cells. Blood 2023; 142:812-826. [PMID: 37294917 PMCID: PMC10644071 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022019333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Ex vivo gene editing in T cells and hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) holds promise for treating diseases. Gene editing encompasses the delivery of a programmable editor RNA or ribonucleoprotein, often achieved ex vivo via electroporation, and when aiming for homology-driven correction of a DNA template, often provided by viral vectors together with a nuclease editor. Although HSPCs activate a robust p53-dependent DNA damage response upon nuclease-based editing, the responses triggered in T cells remain poorly characterized. Here, we performed comprehensive multiomics analyses and found that electroporation is the main culprit of cytotoxicity in T cells, causing death and cell cycle delay, perturbing metabolism, and inducing an inflammatory response. Nuclease RNA delivery using lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) nearly abolished cell death and ameliorated cell growth, improving tolerance to the procedure and yielding a higher number of edited cells compared with using electroporation. Transient transcriptomic changes upon LNP treatment were mostly caused by cellular loading with exogenous cholesterol, whose potentially detrimental impact could be overcome by limiting exposure. Notably, LNP-based HSPC editing dampened p53 pathway induction and supported higher clonogenic activity and similar or higher reconstitution by long-term repopulating HSPCs compared with electroporation, reaching comparable editing efficiencies. Overall, LNPs may allow efficient and harmless ex vivo gene editing in hematopoietic cells for the treatment of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Vavassori
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Samuele Ferrari
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Beretta
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Asperti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Luisa Albano
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Annoni
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Gaddoni
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Angelica Varesi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Soldi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cuomo
- Department of Molecular Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Tiziana Bonaldi
- Department of Molecular Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Haematology-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Radrizzani
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Ivan Merelli
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Segrate, Italy
| | - Luigi Naldini
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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22
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Cui Y, Yuan T, Wang Y, Zheng D, Qin L, Li S, Jiang Z, Lin S, Guo W, Wang Z, Liang Z, Li Y, Yao Y, Liu X, Tang Q, Tu HY, Zhang XC, Tang Z, Wong N, Zhang Z, Qin D, Thiery JP, Xu K, Li P. T lymphocytes expressing the switchable chimeric Fc receptor CD64 exhibit augmented persistence and antitumor activity. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112797. [PMID: 37436890 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy lacks persistent efficacy with "on-target, off-tumor" toxicities for treating solid tumors. Thus, an antibody-guided switchable CAR vector, the chimeric Fc receptor CD64 (CFR64), composed of a CD64 extracellular domain, is designed. T cells expressing CFR64 exert more robust cytotoxicity against cancer cells than CFR T cells with high-affinity CD16 variant (CD16v) or CD32A as their extracellular domains. CFR64 T cells also exhibit better long-term cytotoxicity and resistance to T cell exhaustion compared with conventional CAR T cells. With trastuzumab, the immunological synapse (IS) established by CFR64 is more stable with lower intensity induction of downstream signaling than anti-HER2 CAR T cells. Moreover, CFR64 T cells exhibit fused mitochondria in response to stimulation, while CARH2 T cells contain predominantly punctate mitochondria. These results show that CFR64 T cells may serve as a controllable engineered T cell therapy with prolonged persistence and long-term antitumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanbin Cui
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingjie Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Blood Disease Institution, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Diwei Zheng
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Le Qin
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shanglin Li
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiwu Jiang
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shouheng Lin
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjing Guo
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoduan Liang
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; T-cell Immunity Optimized Cure (TIOC) Therapeutics Limited, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Li
- T-cell Immunity Optimized Cure (TIOC) Therapeutics Limited, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yao Yao
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingguo Liu
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiannan Tang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai-Yan Tu
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu-Chao Zhang
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoyang Tang
- Guangdong Zhaotai InVivo Biomedicine Co. Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Nathalie Wong
- Department of Surgery of the Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhenfeng Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Translational Provincial Education Department Key Laboratory of Nano-Immunoregulation Tumor Microenvironment, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dajiang Qin
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Kailin Xu
- Blood Disease Institution, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Peng Li
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Surgery of the Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), Hong Kong, China; Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science & Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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23
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Luo D, Li L, Wu Y, Yang Y, Ye Y, Hu J, Gao Y, Zeng N, Fei X, Li N, Jiang L. Mitochondria-related genes and metabolic profiles of innate and adaptive immune cells in primary Sjögren's syndrome. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1156774. [PMID: 37497211 PMCID: PMC10366690 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1156774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS) is a prototypical systemic autoimmune disease characterised by lymphocyte infiltration and immune-complex deposition in multiple organs. The specific distribution of immune cell populations and their relationship with mitochondria remain unknown. Methods Histological analysis was performed to assess the specific distribution of innate and adaptive immune cell populations in labial salivary gland (LSG) samples from 30 patients with pSS and 13 patients with non-pSS. The ultrastructural morphometric features of mitochondria within immune cells were observed under the transmission electron microscope (TEM). RNA sequencing was performed on LSG samples from 40 patients with pSS and 7 non-pSS patients. The Single-sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA), ESTIMATE, and CIBERSORT algorithms and Pearson correlation coefficients were used to examine the relationship between mitochondria-related genes and immune infiltration. Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) was used to identify the mitochondria-specific genes and the related pathways based on the immune cell types. Results HE staining revealed a massive infiltration of plasma cells with abundant immunoglobulin protein distributed around phenotypically normal-appearing acinar and ductal tissues of patients with pSS. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed that innate immune cells (macrophages, eosinophils and NK cells) were distributed throughout the glandular tissue. Dominant adaptive immune cell infiltration composed of B cells, CD4+T cells and CD8+ T cells or ectopic lymphoid follicle-like structures were observed in the LSGs of patients with pSS. TEM validated the swelling of mitochondria with disorganised cristae in some lymphocytes that had invaded the glandular tissue. Subsequently, bioinformatic analysis revealed that innate and adaptive immune cells were associated with different mitochondrial metabolism pathways. Mitochondrial electron transport and respiratory chain complexes in the glandular microenvironment were positively correlated with innate immune cells, whereas amino acid and nucleic acid metabolism were negatively correlated with adaptive immune cells. In addition, mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial apoptosis in the glandular microenvironment were closely associated with adaptive immune cells. Conclusion Innate and adaptive immune cells have distinct distribution profiles in the salivary gland tissues of patients with pSS and are associated with different mitochondrial metabolic pathways, which may contribute to disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyang Luo
- Department of Stomatology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yicheng Wu
- Core Facility of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Stomatology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yulin Ye
- Department of Stomatology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiawei Hu
- Department of Stomatology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiming Gao
- Department of Stomatology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Naiyan Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaochun Fei
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Stomatology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liting Jiang
- Department of Stomatology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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24
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Fang Y, Zhang Q, Lv C, Guo Y, He Y, Guo P, Wei Z, Xia Y, Dai Y. Mitochondrial fusion induced by transforming growth factor-β1 serves as a switch that governs the metabolic reprogramming during differentiation of regulatory T cells. Redox Biol 2023; 62:102709. [PMID: 37116255 PMCID: PMC10165137 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Although metabolic reprogramming during the differentiation of regulatory T cells (Treg cells) has been extensively studied, the molecular switch to alter energy metabolism remains undefined. The present study explores the critical role of mitochondrial dynamics in the reprogramming and consequent generation of Treg cells. The results showed that during Treg cell differentiation, mitochondrial fusion but not fission led to elevation of oxygen consumption rate values, facilitation of metabolic reprogramming, and increase of number of Treg cells and expression of Foxp3 in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, mitochondrial fusion favored fatty acid oxidation but restricted glycolysis in Treg cells through down-regulating the expression of HIF-1α. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) played a crucial role in the induction of mitochondrial fusion, which activated Smad2/3, promoted the expression of PGC-1α and therefore facilitated the expression of mitochondrial fusion proteins. In conclusion, during Treg cell differentiation, TGF-β1 promotes PGC-1α-mediated mitochondrial fusion, which drives metabolic reprogramming from glycolysis to fatty acid oxidation via suppressing HIF-1α expression, and therefore favors the generation of Treg cells. The signals and proteins involved in mitochondrial fusion are potential therapeutic targets for Treg cell-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulai Fang
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Long Mian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, China; Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Long Mian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Long Mian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Changjun Lv
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Long Mian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Yilei Guo
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Long Mian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Yue He
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Long Mian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Pengxiang Guo
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Long Mian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Zhifeng Wei
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Long Mian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Yufeng Xia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Long Mian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Yue Dai
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Long Mian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, China.
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25
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Gautam M, Genç B, Helmold B, Ahrens A, Kuka J, Makrecka-Kuka M, Günay A, Koçak N, Aguilar-Wickings IR, Keefe D, Zheng G, Swaminathan S, Redmon M, Zariwala HA, Özdinler PH. SBT-272 improves TDP-43 pathology in ALS upper motor neurons by modulating mitochondrial integrity, motility, and function. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 178:106022. [PMID: 36716828 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial defects are one of the common underlying causes of neuronal vulnerability in neurodegenerative diseases, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and TDP-43 pathology is the most commonly observed proteinopathy. Disrupted inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) reported in the upper motor neurons (UMNs) of ALS patients with TDP-43 pathology is recapitulated in the UMNs of well-characterized hTDP-43 mouse model of ALS. The construct validity, such as shared and common cellular pathology in mice and human, offers a unique opportunity to test treatment strategies that may translate to patients. SBT-272 is a well-tolerated brain-penetrant small molecule that stabilizes cardiolipin, a phospholipid found in IMM, thereby restoring mitochondrial structure and respiratory function. We investigated whether SBT-272 can improve IMM structure and health in UMNs diseased with TDP-43 pathology in our well-characterized UMN reporter line for ALS. We found that SBT-272 significantly improved mitochondrial structural integrity and restored mitochondrial motility and function. This led to improved health of diseased UMNs in vitro. In comparison to edaravone and AMX0035, SBT-272 appeared more effective in restoring health of diseased UMNs. Chronic treatment of SBT-272 for sixty days starting at an early symptomatic stage of the disease in vivo led to a significant reduction in astrogliosis, microgliosis, and TDP-43 pathology in the ALS motor cortex. Our results underscore the therapeutic potential of SBT-272, especially within the context of TDP-43 pathology and mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Gautam
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Barış Genç
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Benjamin Helmold
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Angela Ahrens
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Janis Kuka
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis (LIOS), Aizkraukles Street 21, LV-2006 Riga, Latvia
| | - Marina Makrecka-Kuka
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis (LIOS), Aizkraukles Street 21, LV-2006 Riga, Latvia
| | - Aksu Günay
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Nuran Koçak
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Izaak R Aguilar-Wickings
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Dennis Keefe
- Stealth BioTherapeutics, 140 Kendrick St Building C, Needham, MA 02494, USA
| | - Guozhu Zheng
- Stealth BioTherapeutics, 140 Kendrick St Building C, Needham, MA 02494, USA
| | - Suchitra Swaminathan
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 420 E Superior St, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Research Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 675 N St Clair Fl 21 Ste 100, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Martin Redmon
- Stealth BioTherapeutics, 140 Kendrick St Building C, Needham, MA 02494, USA
| | - Hatim A Zariwala
- Stealth BioTherapeutics, 140 Kendrick St Building C, Needham, MA 02494, USA
| | - P Hande Özdinler
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Research Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 675 N St Clair Fl 21 Ste 100, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Molecular Biosciences, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Northwestern University, 2205 Tech Dr, Evanston, IL 60208, USA..
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26
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Salmond RJ. Regulation of T Cell Activation and Metabolism by Transforming Growth Factor-Beta. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12020297. [PMID: 36829573 PMCID: PMC9953227 DOI: 10.3390/biology12020297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) receptor signalling regulates T cell development, differentiation and effector function. Expression of the immune-associated isoform of this cytokine, TGFβ1, is absolutely required for the maintenance of immunological tolerance in both mice and humans, whilst context-dependent TGFβ1 signalling regulates the differentiation of both anti- and pro-inflammatory T cell effector populations. Thus, distinct TGFβ-dependent T cell responses are implicated in the suppression or initiation of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. In cancer settings, TGFβ signals contribute to the blockade of anti-tumour immune responses and disease progression. Given the key functions of TGFβ in the regulation of immune responses and the potential for therapeutic targeting of TGFβ-dependent pathways, the mechanisms underpinning these pleiotropic effects have been the subject of much investigation. This review focuses on accumulating evidence suggesting that modulation of T cell metabolism represents a major mechanism by which TGFβ influences T cell immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Salmond
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St. James's, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
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27
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Li SY, Yin LB, Ding HB, Liu M, Lv JN, Li JQ, Wang J, Tang T, Fu YJ, Jiang YJ, Zhang ZN, Shang H. Altered lipid metabolites accelerate early dysfunction of T cells in HIV-infected rapid progressors by impairing mitochondrial function. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1106881. [PMID: 36875092 PMCID: PMC9981933 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1106881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The complex mechanism of immune-system damage in HIV infection is incompletely understood. HIV-infected "rapid progressors" (RPs) have severe damage to the immune system early in HIV infection, which provides a "magnified" opportunity to study the interaction between HIV and the immune system. In this study, forty-four early HIV-infected patients (documented HIV acquisition within the previous 6 months) were enrolled. By study the plasma of 23 RPs (CD4+ T-cell count < 350 cells/µl within 1 year of infection) and 21 "normal progressors" (NPs; CD4+ T-cell count > 500 cells/μl after 1 year of infection), eleven lipid metabolites were identified that could distinguish most of the RPs from NPs using an unsupervised clustering method. Among them, the long chain fatty acid eicosenoate significantly inhibited the proliferation and secretion of cytokines and induced TIM-3 expression in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Eicosenoate also increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreased oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and mitochondrial mass in T cells, indicating impairment in mitochondrial function. In addition, we found that eicosenoate induced p53 expression in T cells, and inhibition of p53 effectively decreased mitochondrial ROS in T cells. More importantly, treatment of T cells with the mitochondrial-targeting antioxidant mito-TEMPO restored eicosenoate-induced T-cell functional impairment. These data suggest that the lipid metabolite eicosenoate inhibits immune T-cell function by increasing mitochondrial ROS by inducing p53 transcription. Our results provide a new mechanism of metabolite regulation of effector T-cell function and provides a potential therapeutic target for restoring T-cell function during HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yao Li
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Immunology (China Medical University), National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China.,Units of Medical Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Lin-Bo Yin
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Immunology (China Medical University), National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Liaoning, China
| | - Hai-Bo Ding
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Immunology (China Medical University), National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China.,Units of Medical Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Mei Liu
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Immunology (China Medical University), National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Units of Medical Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Jun-Nan Lv
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Immunology (China Medical University), National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China.,Units of Medical Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Jia-Qi Li
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Immunology (China Medical University), National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China.,Units of Medical Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Jing Wang
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Immunology (China Medical University), National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China.,Units of Medical Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Tian Tang
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Immunology (China Medical University), National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China.,Units of Medical Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Ya-Jing Fu
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Immunology (China Medical University), National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China.,Units of Medical Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Yong-Jun Jiang
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Immunology (China Medical University), National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China.,Units of Medical Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Zi-Ning Zhang
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Immunology (China Medical University), National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China.,Units of Medical Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Hong Shang
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Immunology (China Medical University), National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China.,Units of Medical Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China
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28
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Karagiannis F, Peukert K, Surace L, Michla M, Nikolka F, Fox M, Weiss P, Feuerborn C, Maier P, Schulz S, Al B, Seeliger B, Welte T, David S, Grondman I, de Nooijer AH, Pickkers P, Kleiner JL, Berger MM, Brenner T, Putensen C, Kato H, Garbi N, Netea MG, Hiller K, Placek K, Bode C, Wilhelm C. Impaired ketogenesis ties metabolism to T cell dysfunction in COVID-19. Nature 2022; 609:801-807. [PMID: 35901960 PMCID: PMC9428867 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05128-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Anorexia and fasting are host adaptations to acute infection, inducing a metabolic switch towards ketogenesis and the production of ketone bodies, including β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) 1-6. However, whether ketogenesis metabolically influences the immune response in pulmonary infections remains unclear. Here we report impaired production of BHB in humans with SARS-CoV-2-induced but not influenza-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). CD4+ T cell function is impaired in COVID-19 and BHB promotes both survival and production of Interferon-γ from CD4+ T cells. Using metabolic tracing analysis, we uncovered that BHB provides an alternative carbon source to fuel oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and the production of bioenergetic amino acids and glutathione, which is important for maintaining the redox balance. T cells from patients with SARS-CoV-2-induced ARDS were exhausted and skewed towards glycolysis, but can be metabolically reprogrammed by BHB to perform OXPHOS, thereby increasing their functionality. Finally, we demonstrate that ketogenic diet (KD) and delivery of BHB as ketone ester drink restores CD4+ T cell metabolism and function in respiratory infections, ultimately reducing the mortality of SARS-CoV-2 infected mice. Altogether, our data reveal BHB as alternative carbon source promoting T cell responses in pulmonary viral infections, highlighting impaired ketogenesis as a potential confounder of severe COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fotios Karagiannis
- Immunopathology Unit, Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Konrad Peukert
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, Bonn, Germany
| | - Laura Surace
- Immunopathology Unit, Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marcel Michla
- Immunopathology Unit, Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Fabian Nikolka
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biochemistry, Braunschweig Integrated Center of Systems Biology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Mario Fox
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, Bonn, Germany
| | - Patricia Weiss
- Immunopathology Unit, Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Caroline Feuerborn
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, Bonn, Germany
| | - Paul Maier
- Immunopathology Unit, Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Susanne Schulz
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, Bonn, Germany
| | - Burcu Al
- Immunology and Metabolism Unit, Life & Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Benjamin Seeliger
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and German Centre of Lung Research (DZL), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tobias Welte
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and German Centre of Lung Research (DZL), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sascha David
- Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Inge Grondman
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Aline H de Nooijer
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Peter Pickkers
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Lukas Kleiner
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marc Moritz Berger
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Thorsten Brenner
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Christian Putensen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Hiroki Kato
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Natalio Garbi
- Institute of Innate Immunity, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Immunology and Metabolism Unit, Life & Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Karsten Hiller
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biochemistry, Braunschweig Integrated Center of Systems Biology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Katarzyna Placek
- Immunology and Metabolism Unit, Life & Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christian Bode
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Christoph Wilhelm
- Immunopathology Unit, Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
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29
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Zhou Y, Shu Q, Fu Z, Wang C, Gu J, Li J, Chen Y, Xie M. A novel risk model based on cuproptosis-related lncRNAs predicted prognosis and indicated immune microenvironment landscape of patients with cutaneous melanoma. Front Genet 2022; 13:959456. [PMID: 35938036 PMCID: PMC9354044 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.959456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous melanoma (CM) is an aggressive form of malignancy with poor prognostic value. Cuproptosis is a novel type of cell death regulatory mechanism in tumors. However, the role of cuproptosis-related long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in CM remains elusive. The cuproptosis-related lncRNAs were identified using the Pearson correlation algorithm. Through the univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis, the prognosis of seven lncRNAs associated with cuproptosis was established and a new risk model was constructed. ESTIMATE, CIBERSORT, and single sample gene set enrichment analyses (ssGSEA) were applied to evaluate the immune microenvironment landscape. The Kaplan–Meier survival analysis revealed that the overall survival (OS) of CM patients in the high-risk group was remarkably lower than that of the low-risk group. The result of the validated cohort and the training cohort indicated that the risk model could produce an accurate prediction of the prognosis of CM. The nomogram result demonstrated that the risk score based on the seven prognostic cuproptosis-related lncRNAs was an independent prognostic indicator feature that distinguished it from other clinical features. The result of the immune microenvironment landscape indicated that the low-risk group showed better immunity than high-risk group. The immunophenoscore (IPS) and immune checkpoints results conveyed a better benefit potential for immunotherapy clinical application in the low-risk groups. The enrichment analysis and the gene set variation analysis (GSVA) were adopted to reveal the role of cuproptosis-related lncRNAs mediated by the immune-related signaling pathways in the development of CM. Altogether, the construction of the risk model based on cuproptosis-related lncRNAs can accurately predict the prognosis of CM and indicate the immune microenvironment of CM, providing a new perspective for the future clinical treatment of CM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, First People’s Hospital of Linping District, Hangzhou, ZG, China
| | - Qi Shu
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zailin Fu
- Department of Pharmacy, First People’s Hospital of Linping District, Hangzhou, ZG, China
| | - Chen Wang
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianrong Gu
- Department of Pharmacy, First People’s Hospital of Linping District, Hangzhou, ZG, China
| | - Jianbo Li
- Department of Pharmacy, First People’s Hospital of Linping District, Hangzhou, ZG, China
| | - Yifang Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, First People’s Hospital of Linping District, Hangzhou, ZG, China
- *Correspondence: Yifang Chen, ; Minghua Xie,
| | - Minghua Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, First People’s Hospital of Linping District, Hangzhou, ZG, China
- *Correspondence: Yifang Chen, ; Minghua Xie,
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30
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Liu Q, Zhu F, Liu X, Lu Y, Yao K, Tian N, Tong L, Figge DA, Wang X, Han Y, Li Y, Zhu Y, Hu L, Ji Y, Xu N, Li D, Gu X, Liang R, Gan G, Wu L, Zhang P, Xu T, Hu H, Hu Z, Xu H, Ye D, Yang H, Li B, Tong X. Non-oxidative pentose phosphate pathway controls regulatory T cell function by integrating metabolism and epigenetics. Nat Metab 2022; 4:559-574. [PMID: 35606596 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-022-00575-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Regulatory T (Treg) cells are critical for maintaining immune homeostasis and preventing autoimmunity. Here, we show that the non-oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) regulates Treg function to prevent autoimmunity. Deletion of transketolase (TKT), an indispensable enzyme of non-oxidative PPP, in Treg cells causes a fatal autoimmune disease in mice, with impaired Treg suppressive capability despite regular Treg numbers and normal Foxp3 expression levels. Mechanistically, reduced glycolysis and enhanced oxidative stress induced by TKT deficiency triggers excessive fatty acid and amino acid catabolism, resulting in uncontrolled oxidative phosphorylation and impaired mitochondrial fitness. Reduced α-KG levels as a result of reductive TCA cycle activity leads to DNA hypermethylation, thereby limiting functional gene expression and suppressive activity of TKT-deficient Treg cells. We also find that TKT levels are frequently downregulated in Treg cells of people with autoimmune disorders. Our study identifies the non-oxidative PPP as an integrator of metabolic and epigenetic processes that control Treg function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangming Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Xinnan Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Na Tian
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Lingfeng Tong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - David A Figge
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Xiuwen Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yichao Han
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yakui Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yemin Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingning Ji
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Nannan Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Li
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaochuan Gu
- Department of Orthopedics, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Liang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guifang Gan
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Department of Clinical Laboratories, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lifang Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianle Xu
- Center for Brain Science of Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Hu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Zeping Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Huji Xu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Ye
- Molecular and Cell Biology Lab of Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine of Ministry of Education and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, College of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Institute for Translational Brain Research, Shanghai Key laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Bin Li
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xuemei Tong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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31
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Gautam M, Gunay A, Chandel NS, Ozdinler PH. Mitochondrial dysregulation occurs early in ALS motor cortex with TDP-43 pathology and suggests maintaining NAD + balance as a therapeutic strategy. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4287. [PMID: 35277554 PMCID: PMC8917163 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08068-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial defects result in dysregulation of metabolomics and energy homeostasis that are detected in upper motor neurons (UMNs) with TDP-43 pathology, a pathology that is predominantly present in both familial and sporadic cases of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). While same mitochondrial problems are present in the UMNs of ALS patients with TDP-43 pathology and UMNs of TDP-43 mouse models, and since pathologies are shared at a cellular level, regardless of species, we first analyzed the metabolite profile of both healthy and diseased motor cortex to investigate whether metabolomic changes occur with respect to TDP-43 pathology. High-performance liquid chromatography, high-resolution mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) for metabolite profiling began to suggest that reduced levels of NAD+ is one of the underlying causes of metabolomic problems. Since nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) was reported to restore NAD+ levels, we next investigated whether NMN treatment would improve the health of diseased corticospinal motor neurons (CSMN, a.k.a. UMN in mice). prpTDP-43A315T-UeGFP mice, the CSMN reporter line with TDP-43 pathology, allowed cell-type specific responses of CSMN to NMN treatment to be assessed in vitro. Our results show that metabolomic defects occur early in ALS motor cortex and establishing NAD+ balance could offer therapeutic benefit to UMNs with TDP-43 pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Gautam
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E. Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Aksu Gunay
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E. Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Navdeep S Chandel
- Department of Medicine, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - P Hande Ozdinler
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E. Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA. .,Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60611, USA. .,Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA. .,Feinberg School of Medicine, Les Turner ALS Center at Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
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32
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Kaul K, Benej M, Mishra S, Ahirwar DK, Yadav M, Stanford KI, Jacob NK, Denko NC, Ganju RK. Slit2-Mediated Metabolic Reprogramming in Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophages Enhances Antitumor Immunity. Front Immunol 2021; 12:753477. [PMID: 34777365 PMCID: PMC8581492 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.753477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Slit2 exerts antitumor effects in various cancers; however, the underlying mechanism, especially its role in regulating the immune, especially in the bone marrow niche, system is still unknown. Elucidating the behavior of macrophages in tumor progression can potentially improve immunotherapy. Using a spontaneous mammary tumor virus promoter-polyoma middle T antigen (PyMT) breast cancer mouse model, we observed that Slit2 increased the abundance of antitumor M1 macrophage in the bone marrow upon differentiation in vitro. Moreover, myeloablated PyMT mice injected with Slit2-treated bone marrow allografts showed a marked reduction in tumor growth, with enhanced recruitment of M1 macrophage in their tumor stroma. Mechanistic studies revealed that Slit2 significantly enhanced glycolysis and reduced fatty acid oxidation in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). Slit2 treatment also altered mitochondrial respiration metabolites in macrophages isolated from healthy human blood that were treated with plasma from breast cancer patients. Overall, this study, for the first time, shows that Slit2 increases BMDM polarization toward antitumor phenotype by modulating immune-metabolism. Furthermore, this study provides evidence that soluble Slit2 could be developed as novel therapeutic strategy to enhance antitumor immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirti Kaul
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Martin Benej
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Sanjay Mishra
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Dinesh K Ahirwar
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Marshleen Yadav
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Kristin I Stanford
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Naduparambil K Jacob
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Nicholas C Denko
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Ramesh K Ganju
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
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33
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Zhao J, Yao K, Yu H, Zhang L, Xu Y, Chen L, Sun Z, Zhu Y, Zhang C, Qian Y, Ji S, Pan H, Zhang M, Chen J, Correia C, Weiskittel T, Lin DW, Zhao Y, Chandrasekaran S, Fu X, Zhang D, Fan HY, Xie W, Li H, Hu Z, Zhang J. Metabolic remodelling during early mouse embryo development. Nat Metab 2021; 3:1372-1384. [PMID: 34650276 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-021-00464-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
During early mammalian embryogenesis, changes in cell growth and proliferation depend on strict genetic and metabolic instructions. However, our understanding of metabolic reprogramming and its influence on epigenetic regulation in early embryo development remains elusive. Here we show a comprehensive metabolomics profiling of key stages in mouse early development and the two-cell and blastocyst embryos, and we reconstructed the metabolic landscape through the transition from totipotency to pluripotency. Our integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics analysis shows that while two-cell embryos favour methionine, polyamine and glutathione metabolism and stay in a more reductive state, blastocyst embryos have higher metabolites related to the mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid cycle, and present a more oxidative state. Moreover, we identify a reciprocal relationship between α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) and the competitive inhibitor of α-KG-dependent dioxygenases, L-2-hydroxyglutarate (L-2-HG), where two-cell embryos inherited from oocytes and one-cell zygotes display higher L-2-HG, whereas blastocysts show higher α-KG. Lastly, increasing 2-HG availability impedes erasure of global histone methylation markers after fertilization. Together, our data demonstrate dynamic and interconnected metabolic, transcriptional and epigenetic network remodelling during early mouse embryo development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ke Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Yu
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuyan Xu
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lang Chen
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Sun
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuqing Zhu
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuli Qian
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education) and Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuyan Ji
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, THU-PKU Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongru Pan
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cristina Correia
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Taylor Weiskittel
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Da-Wei Lin
- Center of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yuzheng Zhao
- Optogenetics & Synthetic Biology Interdisciplinary Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology, Research Unit of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Sriram Chandrasekaran
- Center of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Xudong Fu
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education) and Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Heng-Yu Fan
- Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Xie
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, THU-PKU Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Hu Li
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Zeping Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Jin Zhang
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China.
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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34
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Poholek AC. Tissue-Specific Contributions to Control of T Cell Immunity. Immunohorizons 2021; 5:410-423. [PMID: 34103371 PMCID: PMC10876086 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.2000103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
T cells are critical for orchestrating appropriate adaptive immune responses and maintaining homeostasis in the face of persistent nonpathogenic Ags. T cell function is controlled in part by environmental signals received upon activation and derived from the tissue environment in which Ag is encountered. Indeed, tissue-specific environments play important roles in controlling the T cell response to Ag, and recent evidence suggests that tissue draining lymph nodes can mirror those local differences. Thus, tissue-specific immunity may begin at priming in secondary lymph nodes, where local signals have an important role in T cell fate. In this study, we discuss the tissue-specific signals that may impact T cell differentiation and function, including the microbiome, metabolism, and tissue-specific innate cell imprinting. We argue that these individual contributions create tissue-specific niches that likely play important roles in T cell differentiation and function controlling the outcome of the response to Ags.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda C Poholek
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; and Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
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