1
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Zheng Q, Lu C, Yu L, Zhan Y, Chen Z. Exploring the metastasis-related biomarker and carcinogenic mechanism in liver cancer based on single cell technology. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27473. [PMID: 38509894 PMCID: PMC10950590 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a fatal primary malignancy characterized by high invasion and migration. We aimed to explore the underlying metastasis-related mechanism supporting the development of HCC. Methods The dataset of single cell RNA-seq (GSE149614) were collected for cell clustering by using the Seurat R package, the FindAllMarkers function was used to find the highly expression and defined the cell cluster. The WebGestaltR package was used for the GO and KEGG function analysis of shared genes, the Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSVA) was performed by clusterProfiler R package, the hTFtarget database was used to identify the crucial transcription factors (TFs), the Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC) database was used for the drug sensitivity analysis. Finally, the overexpression and trans-well assay was used for gene function analysis. Results We obtained 9 cell clusters from the scRNA-seq data, including the nature killer (NK)/T cells, Myeloid cells, Hepatocytes, Epithelial cells, Endothelial cells, Plasma B cells, Smooth muscle cells, B cells, Liver bud hepatic cells. Further cell ecological analysis indicated that the Hepatocytes and Endothelial cell cluster were closely related to the cancer metastasis. Subsequently, the NDUFA4L2-Hepatocyte, GTSE1-Hepatocyte, ENTPD1-Endothelial and NDUFA4L2-Endothelial were defined as metastasis-supporting cell clusters, in which the NDUFA4L2-Hepatocyte cells was closely related to angiogenesis, while the NDUFA4L2-Endothelial was related with the inflammatory response and complement response. The overexpression and trans-well assay displayed that NDUFA4L2 exhibited clearly metastasis-promoting role in HCC progression. Conclusion We identified and defined 4 metastasis-supporting cell clusters by using the single cell technology, the specify shared gene was observed and played crucial role in promoting cancer progression, our findings were expected to provide new insight in control cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuxiang Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Longyan First Hospital, Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Longyan, 364000, China
| | - Cuiping Lu
- Department of Oncology, Longyan First Hospital, Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Longyan, 364000, China
| | - Lian Yu
- Department of Hematology, Longyan First Hospital, Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Longyan, 364000, China
| | - Ying Zhan
- Department of Oncology, Longyan First Hospital, Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Longyan, 364000, China
| | - Zhiyong Chen
- Department of Oncology, Longyan First Hospital, Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Longyan, 364000, China
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2
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Wang Y, Yuan Z, Zhu S, Bao X, Fu Z, Zhen T, Xing K, Zhang Y, Li X, Sun J, Li Q, Wu L. The longitudinal change of circulating tumor cell during chemotherapy and its correlation with disease features, treatment response and survival profile of advanced gallbladder carcinoma. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:13590-13598. [PMID: 35035699 PMCID: PMC8748159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The current study aimed to investigate the relation of circulating tumor cell (CTC) with clinicopathological features. In addition, its longitudinal change during chemotherapy and its correlation with prognosis in advanced gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) patients were explored. Totally 45 unresectable, locally advanced or metastatic GBC patients who underwent chemotherapy were enrolled in this prospective study. The CTC in 7.5 ml blood was detected at pre-treatment and 3 months post-treatment. CTC was almost detectable in all advanced GBC patients before treatment, whose count was positively correlated with metastatic disease (vs. local advanced disease) (P=0.002), number of organs with metastases (P=0.006), and CA199 level (P=0.002). After treatment, CTC count declined from 4.0 (range: 0.0-83.0) at pre-treatment to 2.0 (range: 0.0-36.0) at post-treatment (P=0.003). Interestingly, pre-treatment CTC count (P=0.270) was of no difference, while post-treatment CTC count was lower (P=0.038) in objective-response patients compared to that in non-objective-response patients; meanwhile, both pre-treatment CTC count (P=0.017) and post-treatment CTC count (P<0.001) were lower in disease-control patients compared with those in non-disease-control patients. Importantly, pre-treatment CTC count ≥2 (versus <2) was only correlated with worse progression-free survival (PFS) (P=0.014) but not overall survival (OS) (P=0.057); while pre-treatment CTC count ≥5 (versus <5), post-treatment CTC count ≥2 (versus <2), post-treatment CTC count ≥5 (versus <5), CTC count up (versus equal/down) were all correlated with poor PFS and OS (all P<0.050). In conclusion, higher CTC count during chemotherapy correlates with worse treatment response, PFS and OS in advanced GBC patients, which implies that CTC measurement may optimize the prognostication and individualized treatment in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinping Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 201112, China
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 200127, China
| | - Zhiqing Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 201112, China
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 200127, China
| | - Sibo Zhu
- Cinoasia InstituteShanghai 200438, China
| | - Xunxia Bao
- Cinoasia InstituteShanghai 200438, China
| | | | | | | | - Yijue Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, South Campus, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 200127, China
| | - Xinxing Li
- Department of General Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200003, China
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityShanghai 200065, China
| | - Jianhua Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 201112, China
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 200127, China
| | - Qiwei Li
- Department of General Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 201112, China
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 200127, China
| | - Linshi Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 201112, China
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 200127, China
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3
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Wilson RE, O'Connor R, Gallops CE, Kwizera EA, Noroozi B, Morshed BI, Wang Y, Huang X. Immunomagnetic Capture and Multiplexed Surface Marker Detection of Circulating Tumor Cells with Magnetic Multicolor Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Nanotags. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:47220-47232. [PMID: 32966038 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c12395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have substantial clinical implications in cancer diagnosis and monitoring. Although significant progress has been made in developing technologies for CTC detection and counting, the ability to quantitatively detect multiple surface protein markers on individual tumor cells remains very limited. In this work, we report a multiplexed method that uses magnetic multicolor surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) nanotags in conjunction with a chip-based immunomagnetic separation to quantitatively and simultaneously detect four surface protein markers on individual tumor cells in whole blood. Four-color SERS nanotags were prepared using magnetic-optical iron oxide-gold core-shell nanoparticles with different Raman reporters to recognize four different cancer markers with respective antibodies. A microfluidic device was fabricated to magnetically capture the nanoparticle-bound tumor cells and to perform online negative staining and single-cell optical detection. The level of each targeted protein was obtained by signal deconvolution of the mixed SERS signals from individual tumor cells using the classic least squares regression method. The method was tested with spiked tumor cells in human whole blood with three different breast cancer cell lines and compared with the results of purified cancer cells suspended in a phosphate buffer solution. The method, with either spiked cancer cells in blood or purified cancer cells, showed a strong correlation with purified cancer cells by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, suggesting the potential of our method for the reliable detection of multiple surface markers on CTCs. Combining immunomagnetic enrichment with high specificity, multiplexed targeting for the capture of CTC subpopulations, multicolor SERS detection with high sensitivity and specificity, microfluidics for handling rare cells and magnetic-plasmonic nanoparticles for dual enrichment and detection, our method provides an integrated, yet a simple and an efficient platform that has the potential to more sensitively detect and monitor cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Edward Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 38152, United States
| | - Ryan O'Connor
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 38152, United States
| | - Caleb Edward Gallops
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 38152, United States
| | - Elyahb Allie Kwizera
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 38152, United States
| | - Babak Noroozi
- Department of Computer Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Bashir I Morshed
- Department of Computer Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Yongmei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 38152, United States
| | - Xiaohua Huang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 38152, United States
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4
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Zhu X, Wang F, Wu X, Li Z, Wang Z, Ren X, Zhou Y, Song F, Liang Y, Zeng Z, Liao W, Ding Y, Liao W, Liang L. FBX8 promotes metastatic dormancy of colorectal cancer in liver. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:622. [PMID: 32796813 PMCID: PMC7427987 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02870-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) often develop malignant regrowth of metastatic dormant tumor cells in liver years after primary treatment. FBX8 is involved in suppressing tumor metastasis. Short-term chemotherapy experiments and liver metastasis mice model of orthotopic injection into the cecum were performed to construct the dormant models. GST-pull-down assay, Co-IP and immunofluorescence were used to confirm the bindings among FBX8 and its substrates. FBX8 upregulated the expression of epithelial and stemness markers, while downregulated the expression of mesenchymal and proliferative markers associated with tumor cell dormancy. FBX8 promoted the maintenance of metastatic dormancy of CRC cells. Mechanistically, FBX8 directly bound to HIF-1α, CDK4 and C-myc through its Sec7 domain and led to the ubiquitin degradation of these proteins, thereby inhibiting cell cycle progression, proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Clinically, FBX8 expression was negatively correlated with the HIF-1α, CDK4, and c-Myc in CRC tissues. Our study reveals a novel mechanism of FBX8 in regulating tumor metastatic dormancy in liver and provides new strategies for the treatment of CRC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital and Basic Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 510515, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Feifei Wang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital and Basic Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 510515, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuehui Wu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital and Basic Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 510515, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhou Li
- The First Clinical Medical Department, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhizhi Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Ren
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital and Basic Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 510515, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangshu Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital and Basic Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 510515, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuyao Song
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital and Basic Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 510515, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunshi Liang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital and Basic Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 510515, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhicheng Zeng
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital and Basic Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 510515, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wangjun Liao
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanqing Ding
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital and Basic Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 510515, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenting Liao
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital and Basic Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China. .,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 510515, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Li Liang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital and Basic Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China. .,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 510515, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
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5
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Yousefi M, Ghaffari P, Nosrati R, Dehghani S, Salmaninejad A, Abarghan YJ, Ghaffari SH. Prognostic and therapeutic significance of circulating tumor cells in patients with lung cancer. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2019; 43:31-49. [PMID: 31828552 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-019-00470-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is the second most common cancer and the main cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. In spite of various efforts that have been made to facilitate the early diagnosis of lung cancer, most patients are diagnosed when the disease is already in stage IV, which is generally associated with the occurrence of distant metastases and a poor survival. Moreover, a large proportion of these patients will relapse after treatment, heralding the need for the stratification of lung cancer patients in addition to identifying those who are at a higher risk of relapse and, thus, require alternative and/or additional therapies. Recently, circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have been considered as valuable markers for the early diagnosis, prognosis and risk stratification of cancer patients, and they have been found to be able to predict the survival of patients with various types of cancer, including lung cancer. Additionally, the characterization of CTCs has recently provided fascinating insights into the heterogeneity of tumors, which may be instrumental for the development of novel targeted therapies. CONCLUSIONS Here we review our current understanding of the significance of CTCs in lung cancer metastasis. We also discuss prominent studies reporting the utility of enumeration and characterization of CTCs in lung cancer patients as prognostic and pharmacodynamic biomarkers for those who are at a higher risk of metastasis and drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meysam Yousefi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Parisa Ghaffari
- Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rahim Nosrati
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sadegh Dehghani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Arash Salmaninejad
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yousef Jafari Abarghan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed H Ghaffari
- Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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6
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Yu D, Tang L, Dong Z, Loftis KA, Ding Z, Cheng J, Qin B, Yan J, Li W. Effective reduction of non-specific binding of blood cells in a microfluidic chip for isolation of rare cancer cells. Biomater Sci 2019; 6:2871-2880. [PMID: 30246818 DOI: 10.1039/c8bm00864g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The high purity of target cells enriched from blood samples plays an important role in the clinical detection of diseases. However, non-specific binding of blood cells in the isolated cell samples can complicate downstream molecular and genetic analysis. In this work, we report a simple solution to non-specific binding of blood cells by modifying the surface of microchips with a multilayer nanofilm, with the outmost layer containing both PEG brushes for reducing blood cell adhesion and antibodies for enriching target cells. This layer-by-layer (LbL) polysaccharide nanofilm was modified with neutravindin and then conjugated with a mixture of biotinylated PEG molecules and biotinylated antibodies. Using EpCAM-expressing and HER2-expressing cancer cells in blood as model platforms, we were able to dramatically reduce the non-specific binding of blood cells to approximately 1 cell per mm2 without sacrificing the high capture efficiency of the microchip. To support the rational extension of this approach to other applications for cell isolation and blood cell resistance, we conducted extensive characterization on the nanofilm formation and degradation, antifouling with PEG brushes and introducing functional antibodies. This simple, yet effective, approach can be applied to a variety of microchip applications that require high purity of sample cells containing minimal contamination from blood cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Henan Provincial People's Hospital), Zhengzhou, 450003, China.
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7
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Song W, Li X, Zhao Y, Liu C, Xu J, Wang H, Zhang T. Functional, UV-curable coating for the capture of circulating tumor cells. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:2383-2393. [PMID: 30916683 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm00264b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The capture of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) plays a crucial role in the early diagnosis, personalized treatment and postoperative evaluation of malignant tumors. In this study, UV-curable coating technology was combined with antibody immobilization to enable CTC captures on poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) substrates. Controlled amounts of carboxyl groups and polyethylene glycol (PEG) segments were introduced into the coating formulation to facilitate immobilization of antibodies and block non-specific protein adsorption, respectively. Then, anti-EpCAM antibodies were immobilized on functionalized, coated PMMA substrates by EDC/NHS chemistry. Multiple physical, chemical and biological properties were investigated, including hydrophilicity, protein adsorption, platelet adhesion and anticoagulant properties. Thereafter, optimized coatings were applied on the inner wall of PMMA tubes, followed by immobilization of anti-EpCAM antibodies. After perfusion of the tubes with whole blood, enriched with SGC7901 gastric cancer cells that overexpress EpCAM antigens, rapid and efficient capture of the tumor cells was observed. These results provide a basis for further development of devices for the selective capture and enrichment of CTCs, using small blood volumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanyun Song
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
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8
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Guo Y, Shang X, Liu F, Hu Y, Li S, Liu J, Wu F. Novel Enhancer for Luminol-AuNP Electrochemiluminescence and Decoration on RNA Membranes for Effective Cytosensing. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2018; 1:1647-1655. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yingshu Guo
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Makers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
- Key Laboratory of Sensor Analysis of Tumor Marker, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, People’s Republic of China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Shang
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Makers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Makers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yinhua Hu
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Makers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Makers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Makers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, China
- Key Laboratory of Sensor Analysis of Tumor Marker, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Wu
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Makers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, China
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9
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Yang G, Li X, He Y, Xiong X, Wang P, Zhou S. Capturing Circulating Tumor Cells through a Combination of Hierarchical Nanotopography and Surface Chemistry. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2017; 4:2081-2088. [PMID: 33434965 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.7b00683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have become known as minimally invasive multifunctional biomarkers for earlier diagnosis, prognosis, recurrence risk assessment, and therapeutic monitoring in recent years. However, effectively capturing these CTCs is still difficult because of the extremely low abundance of CTCs and the diverse phenotypes of cancer cells. In this study, we present a novel necklace-like polydopamine nanosphere (PDA NS)/alginate composite nanofiber with a hierarchical nanotopographical structure and a surface chemical signal for capturing the CTCs. The height of the nanotopography, which is formed by connecting PDA NSs with nanofibers via electrospinning, can be easily adjusted by changing the size of the PDA NSs. Four types of cancer cells are employed to investigate the capture efficiency of the fiber. More importantly, in a blood environment containing rare cancer cells, the fiber still has a great ability to capture these cells. Therefore, this nanofiber is identified as a potential device for the diagnosis of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Material, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, P. R. China.,College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Xilin Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Material, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Yang He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Material, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Xiong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Material, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Pu Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Material, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Shaobing Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Material, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, P. R. China
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10
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Lynch C, Panagopoulou M, Gregory CD. Extracellular Vesicles Arising from Apoptotic Cells in Tumors: Roles in Cancer Pathogenesis and Potential Clinical Applications. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1174. [PMID: 29018443 PMCID: PMC5614926 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It is known that apoptotic cells can have diverse effects on the tumor microenvironment. Emerging evidence indicates that, despite its renowned role in tumor suppression, apoptosis may also promote oncogenic evolution or posttherapeutic relapse through multiple mechanisms. These include immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and trophic environmental responses to apoptosis, which drive tumor progression. Our group has introduced the term “onco-regenerative niche (ORN)” to describe a conceptual network of conserved cell death-driven tissue repair and regeneration mechanisms that are hijacked in cancer. We propose that, among the key elements of the ORN are extracellular vesicles (EVs), notably those derived from apoptotic tumor cells. EVs are membrane-delimited subcellular particles, which contain multiple classes of bioactive molecules including markers of the cell from which they are derived. EVs are implicated in an increasing number of physiological and pathological contexts as mediators of local and systemic intercellular communication and detection of specific EVs may be useful in monitoring disease progression. Here, we discuss the mechanisms by which EVs produced by apoptotic tumor cells—both constitutively and as a consequence of therapy—may mediate host responsiveness to cell death in cancer. We also consider how the monitoring of such EVs and their cargoes may in the future help to improve cancer diagnosis, staging, and therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Lynch
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Panagopoulou
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher D Gregory
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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11
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Chen T, Huang Y. Label-Free Transient Absorption Microscopy for Red Blood Cell Flow Velocity Measurement in Vivo. Anal Chem 2017; 89:10120-10123. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b01952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- Biodynamic
Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC), and College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yanyi Huang
- Biodynamic
Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC), and College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing
Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics (ICG), Peking-Tsinghua Center
for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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12
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Fachin F, Spuhler P, Martel-Foley JM, Edd JF, Barber TA, Walsh J, Karabacak M, Pai V, Yu M, Smith K, Hwang H, Yang J, Shah S, Yarmush R, Sequist LV, Stott SL, Maheswaran S, Haber DA, Kapur R, Toner M. Monolithic Chip for High-throughput Blood Cell Depletion to Sort Rare Circulating Tumor Cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10936. [PMID: 28883519 PMCID: PMC5589885 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11119-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are a treasure trove of information regarding the location, type and stage of cancer and are being pursued as both a diagnostic target and a means of guiding personalized treatment. Most isolation technologies utilize properties of the CTCs themselves such as surface antigens (e.g., epithelial cell adhesion molecule or EpCAM) or size to separate them from blood cell populations. We present an automated monolithic chip with 128 multiplexed deterministic lateral displacement devices containing ~1.5 million microfabricated features (12 µm-50 µm) used to first deplete red blood cells and platelets. The outputs from these devices are serially integrated with an inertial focusing system to line up all nucleated cells for multi-stage magnetophoresis to remove magnetically-labeled white blood cells. The monolithic CTC-iChip enables debulking of blood samples at 15-20 million cells per second while yielding an output of highly purified CTCs. We quantified the size and EpCAM expression of over 2,500 CTCs from 38 patient samples obtained from breast, prostate, lung cancers, and melanoma. The results show significant heterogeneity between and within single patients. Unbiased, rapid, and automated isolation of CTCs using monolithic CTC-iChip will enable the detailed measurement of their physicochemical and biological properties and their role in metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Fachin
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA
| | - Philipp Spuhler
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA
| | - Joseph M Martel-Foley
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA
| | - Jon F Edd
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA
| | - Thomas A Barber
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA
| | - John Walsh
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA
| | - Murat Karabacak
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA
| | - Vincent Pai
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA
| | - Melissa Yu
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA
| | - Kyle Smith
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA
| | - Henry Hwang
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA
| | - Jennifer Yang
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA
| | - Sahil Shah
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA
| | - Ruby Yarmush
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA
| | - Lecia V Sequist
- Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA
| | - Shannon L Stott
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA
- Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA
| | - Shyamala Maheswaran
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA
- Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA
| | - Daniel A Haber
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA
- Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA
| | - Ravi Kapur
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA
| | - Mehmet Toner
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA.
- Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA.
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13
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Cordone I, Masi S, Summa V, Carosi M, Vidiri A, Fabi A, Pasquale A, Conti L, Rosito I, Carapella CM, Villani V, Pace A. Overexpression of syndecan-1, MUC-1, and putative stem cell markers in breast cancer leptomeningeal metastasis: a cerebrospinal fluid flow cytometry study. Breast Cancer Res 2017; 19:46. [PMID: 28399903 PMCID: PMC5387324 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-017-0827-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer is a mosaic of tumor cell subpopulations, where only a minority is responsible for disease recurrence and cancer invasiveness. We focused on one of the most aggressive circulating tumor cells (CTCs) which, from the primitive tumor, spreads to the central nervous system (CNS), evaluating the expression of prognostic and putative cancer stem cell markers in breast cancer (BC) leptomeningeal metastasis (LM). Methods Flow cytometry immunophenotypic analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples (4.5 ml) was performed in 13 consecutive cases of BCLM. Syndecan-1 (CD138), MUC-1 (CD227) CD45, CD34, and the putative cancer stem cell markers CD15, CD24, CD44, and CD133 surface expression were evaluated on CSF floating tumor cells. The tumor-associated leukocyte population was also characterized. Results Despite a low absolute cell number (8 cell/μl, range 1–86), the flow cytometry characterization was successfully conducted in all the samples. Syndecan-1 and MUC-1 overexpression was documented on BC cells in all the samples analyzed; CD44, CD24, CD15, and CD133 in 77%, 75%, 70%, and 45% of cases, respectively. A strong syndecan-1 and MUC-1 expression was also documented by immunohistochemistry on primary breast cancer tissues, performed in four patients. The CSF tumor population was flanked by T lymphocytes, with a different immunophenotype between the CSF and peripheral blood samples (P ≤ 0.02). Conclusions Flow cytometry can be successfully employed for solid tumor LM characterization even in CSF samples with low cell count. This in vivo study documents that CSF floating BC cells overexpress prognostic and putative cancer stem cell biomarkers related to tumor invasiveness, potentially representing a molecular target for circulating tumor cell detection and LM treatment monitoring, as well as a primary target for innovative treatment strategies. The T lymphocyte infiltration, documented in all CSF samples, suggests a possible involvement of the CNS lymphatic system in both lymphoid and cancer cell migration into and out of the meninges, supporting the extension of a new form of cellular immunotherapy to LM. Due to the small number of cases, validation on large cohorts of patients are warranted to confirm these findings and to evaluate the impact and value of these results for diagnosis and management of LM. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13058-017-0827-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iole Cordone
- Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Clinical Pathology Division, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
| | - Serena Masi
- Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Clinical Pathology Division, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Summa
- Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Clinical Pathology Division, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariantonia Carosi
- Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Histopathology Department, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonello Vidiri
- Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Radiology Department, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Fabi
- Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Medical Oncology Department, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia Pasquale
- Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Clinical Pathology Division, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Conti
- Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Clinical Pathology Division, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Immacolata Rosito
- Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Clinical Pathology Division, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmine Maria Carapella
- Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Neuro-Surgery Department, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Veronica Villani
- Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Neuro-Oncology Division, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Pace
- Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Neuro-Oncology Division, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
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14
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Wu W, Zhang Z, Gao XH, Shen Z, Jing Y, Lu H, Li H, Yang X, Cui X, Li Y, Lou Z, Liu P, Zhang C, Zhang W. Clinical significance of detecting circulating tumor cells in colorectal cancer using subtraction enrichment and immunostaining-fluorescence in situ hybridization (SE-iFISH). Oncotarget 2017; 8:21639-21649. [PMID: 28423493 PMCID: PMC5400612 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTC) are useful in early detection of colorectal cancer. This study described a newly developed platform, integrated subtraction enrichment and immunostaining-fluorescence in situ hybridization (SE-iFISH), to assess CTCs in colorectal cancer. CTCs were detected by SE-iFISH in 40 of 44 preoperative colorectal cancer patients, and yielded a sensitivity of 90.9%, which was significantly higher than CellSearch system (90.9% vs. 43.2%, P=0.033). No significant association was found between tumor stage, survival and preoperative CTC number. CTCs were detected in 10 colorectal cancer patients one week after surgery; seven patients with decreased CTC numbers (compared with preoperative CTC number) were free of recurrence; whereas two of the three patients with increased CTC numbers had tumor recurrence. Moreover, CTCs were detected in 34 colorectal cancer patients three months after surgery; patients with CTC<2 at three months after surgery had significantly longer Progression Free Survival than those with CTC>=2 (P=0.019); patients with decreased CTC number (compared with preoperative CTC number) had significantly longer Progression Free Survival than those with increased CTC number (P=0.003). In conclusion, CTCs could be detected in various stages of colorectal cancer using SE-iFISH. Dynamic monitoring of CTC numbers could predict recurrence and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The Aviation Hanzhong 3201 Hospital, Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Hanzhong 723000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhang
- Zhangjiang Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Xian Hua Gao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhen Shen
- Department of General Surgery, The Aviation Hanzhong 3201 Hospital, Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Hanzhong 723000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yan Jing
- Department of General Surgery, The Aviation Hanzhong 3201 Hospital, Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Hanzhong 723000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haibo Lu
- Department of General Surgery, The Aviation Hanzhong 3201 Hospital, Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Hanzhong 723000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Heng Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Aviation Hanzhong 3201 Hospital, Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Hanzhong 723000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoye Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Aviation Hanzhong 3201 Hospital, Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Hanzhong 723000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiangbin Cui
- Department of General Surgery, The Aviation Hanzhong 3201 Hospital, Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Hanzhong 723000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuqing Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Aviation Hanzhong 3201 Hospital, Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Hanzhong 723000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zheng Lou
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Cun Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Aviation Hanzhong 3201 Hospital, Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Hanzhong 723000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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15
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In vivo label-free photoacoustic flow cytography and on-the-spot laser killing of single circulating melanoma cells. Sci Rep 2016; 6:39616. [PMID: 28000788 PMCID: PMC5175175 DOI: 10.1038/srep39616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis causes as many as 90% of cancer-related deaths, especially for the deadliest skin cancer, melanoma. Since hematogenous dissemination of circulating tumor cells is the major route of metastasis, detection and destruction of circulating tumor cells are vital for impeding metastasis and improving patient prognosis. Exploiting the exquisite intrinsic optical absorption contrast of circulating melanoma cells, we developed dual-wavelength photoacoustic flow cytography coupled with a nanosecond-pulsed melanoma-specific laser therapy mechanism. We have successfully achieved in vivo label-free imaging of rare single circulating melanoma cells in both arteries and veins of mice. Further, the photoacoustic signal from a circulating melanoma cell immediately hardware-triggers a lethal pinpoint laser irradiation to kill it on the spot in a thermally confined manner without causing collateral damage. A pseudo-therapy study including both in vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrated the performance and the potential clinical value of our method, which can facilitate early treatment of metastasis by clearing circulating tumor cells from vasculature.
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16
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Tumor-selective replication herpes simplex virus-based technology significantly improves clinical detection and prognostication of viable circulating tumor cells. Oncotarget 2016; 7:39768-39783. [PMID: 27206795 PMCID: PMC5129969 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Detection of circulating tumor cells remains a significant challenge due to their vast physical and biological heterogeneity. We developed a cell-surface-marker-independent technology based on telomerase-specific, replication-selective oncolytic herpes-simplex-virus-1 that targets telomerase-reverse-transcriptase-positive cancer cells and expresses green-fluorescent-protein that identifies viable CTCs from a broad spectrum of malignancies. Our method recovered 75.5–87.2% of tumor cells spiked into healthy donor blood, as validated by different methods, including single cell sequencing. CTCs were detected in 59–100% of 326 blood samples from patients with 6 different solid organ carcinomas and lymphomas. Significantly, CTC-positive rates increased remarkably with tumor progression from N0M0, N+M0 to M1 in each of 5 tested cancers (lung, colon, liver, gastric and pancreatic cancer, and glioma). Among 21 non-small cell lung cancer cases in which CTC values were consecutively monitored, 81% showed treatment-related decreases, which was also found after treatments in the other solid tumors. Moreover, monitoring CTC values provided an efficient treatment response indicator in hematological malignancies. Compared to CellSearch, our method detected significantly higher positive rates in 40 NSCLC in all stages, including N0M0, N+M0 and M1, and was less affected by chemotherapy. This simple, robust and clinically-applicable technology detects viable CTCs from solid and hematopoietic malignancies in early to late stages, and significantly improves clinical detection and treatment prognostication.
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17
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Cheng SB, Xie M, Xu JQ, Wang J, Lv SW, Guo S, Shu Y, Wang M, Dong WG, Huang WH. High-Efficiency Capture of Individual and Cluster of Circulating Tumor Cells by a Microchip Embedded with Three-Dimensional Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Scaffold. Anal Chem 2016; 88:6773-80. [PMID: 27291464 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b01130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Effective isolation of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) has great significance for cancer research but is highly challenged. Here, we developed a microchip embedded with a three-dimensional (3D) PDMS scaffold by a quadratic-sacrificing template method for high-efficiency capture of CTCs. The microchip was gifted with a 3D interconnected macroporous structure, strong toughness, and excellent flexibility and transparency, enabling fast isolation and convenient observation of CTCs. Especially, 3D scaffold chip perfectly integrates the two main strategies currently used for enhancement of cell capture efficiency. Spatially distributed 3D scaffold compels cells undergoing chaotic or vortex migration in the channel, and the spatially distributed nanorough skeleton offers ample binding sites, which synergistically and significantly improve CTCs capture efficiency. Our results showed that 1-118 CTCs/mL were identified from 14 cancer patients' blood and 5 out of these cancer patients showed 1-14 CTC clusters/mL. This work demonstrates for the first time the development of microchip with transparent interconnected 3D scaffold for isolation of CTCs and CTC clusters, which may promote in-depth analysis of CTCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Bo Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Min Xie
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jia-Quan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Song-Wei Lv
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Shan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ying Shu
- Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Ming Wang
- Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Wei-Guo Dong
- Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Wei-Hua Huang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
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18
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Dynamic monitoring of circulating tumour cells to evaluate therapeutic efficacy in advanced gastric cancer. Br J Cancer 2016; 114:138-45. [PMID: 26784122 PMCID: PMC4815805 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2015.417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was intended to determine the clinical significance of circulating tumour cells (CTCs) in patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC), particularly the potential role of CTCs for dynamic monitoring of the therapeutic response. METHODS A single-centre, prospective study was undertaken in 136 patients with newly diagnosed AGC. The patients' CTCs were enumerated using CellSearch at baseline and at the first response evaluation. In 15 patients whose clinical condition permitted longitudinal study, CTCs were longitudinally enumerated during treatment. RESULTS Following 6 weeks of chemotherapy, an unfavourable post-therapy CTC level (⩾3 CTCs per 7.5 ml) was closely correlated with the objective response rate (P=0.016) and the disease control rate (P=0.013), and it also independently predicted a shorter progression-free survival and overall survival. Particularly, conversion to a favourable CTC level following therapy improved the prognosis, but patients who changed to an unfavourable CTC level fared significantly worse. Elevated CTCs during therapy may be associated with a poor prognosis. CONCLUSIONS Post-therapy CTC level may help in evaluating therapeutic response in patients with AGC and predicting their prognosis. In addition, changes in CTCs following therapy may be useful in rapidly identifying ineffective treatments and poor prognosis.
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19
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Liu XQ, Picart C. Layer-by-Layer Assemblies for Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:1295-301. [PMID: 26390356 PMCID: PMC5024746 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201502660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Revised: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The layer-by-layer (LbL) technique was introduced in the early 1990s. Since then, it has undergone a series of technological developments, making it possible to engineer various theranostic platforms, such as films and capsules, with precise control at the nanometer and micrometer scales. Recent progress in the applications of LbL assemblies in the field of cancer therapy, diagnosis, and fundamental biological study are highlighted here. The potential of LbL-based systems as drug carriers is discussed, especially with regard to the engineering of innovative stimuli-responsive systems, and their advantageous multifunctionality in the development of new therapeutic tools. Then, the diagnostic functions of LbL assemblies are illustrated for detection and capture of rare cancer cells. Finally, LbL-mimicking extracellular environments demonstrate the emerging potential for the study of cancer cell behavior in vitro. The advantages of LbL systems, important challenges that need to be overcome, and future perspectives in clinical practice are then highlighted.
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20
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Milojkovic Kerklaan B, Pluim D, Bol M, Hofland I, Westerga J, van Tinteren H, Beijnen JH, Boogerd W, Schellens JHM, Brandsma D. EpCAM-based flow cytometry in cerebrospinal fluid greatly improves diagnostic accuracy of leptomeningeal metastases from epithelial tumors. Neuro Oncol 2015; 18:855-62. [PMID: 26566655 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nov273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Moderate diagnostic accuracy of MRI and initial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology analysis results in at least 10%-15% false negative diagnoses of leptomeningeal metastases (LM) of solid tumors, thus postponing start of therapy. The aim of this prospective clinical study was to determine the diagnostic value of epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM)-based flow cytometry versus cytology in CSF for the diagnosis of LM in patients with epithelial tumors. METHODS Patients with a clinical suspicion of LM but a negative or inconclusive MRI in whom a diagnostic lumbar puncture has to be performed were included. At least 5 mL of CSF for cytology, 5 mL for flow cytometry, 2 mL for cell count and biochemistry, and 8 mL whole blood samples for circulating tumor cells measurements and biochemistry were drawn. Tumor cells in CSF and whole blood were detected by multiparameter flow cytometry using EpCAM antibody. RESULTS In total 29 eligible patients were enrolled in the study. Thirteen patients were ultimately diagnosed with LM. The flow cytometry assay showed 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity for diagnosing LM, while sensitivity of CSF cytology was only 61.5%. Cell count or biochemical parameters in CSF were abnormal in 100% of patients with LM. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the EpCAM-based flow cytometry assay is superior to CSF cytology for the diagnosis of LM in patients with an epithelial tumor, a clinical suspicion of LM, and a nonconclusive MRI. Confirmation of these data is needed in a larger dataset to recommend dual CSF diagnostics for LM. CLINICALTRIALSGOV IDENTIFIER NCT01713699.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojana Milojkovic Kerklaan
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek (NKI-AVL), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (B.M.K., D.P., I.H., J.H.M.S.); Department of Clinical Pharmacology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (B.M.K., J.H.M.S.); Department of Pathology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (M.B.), Core Facility Molecular Pathology & Biobanking (CFMPB), Department of Molecular Pathology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (I.H.); Department of Pathology, Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.W.); Biometric Department, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (H.v.T.); Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.H.B.); Utrecht Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (J.H.B., J.H.M.S.); Department of Neuro-oncology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (W.B., D.B.)
| | - Dick Pluim
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek (NKI-AVL), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (B.M.K., D.P., I.H., J.H.M.S.); Department of Clinical Pharmacology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (B.M.K., J.H.M.S.); Department of Pathology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (M.B.), Core Facility Molecular Pathology & Biobanking (CFMPB), Department of Molecular Pathology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (I.H.); Department of Pathology, Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.W.); Biometric Department, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (H.v.T.); Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.H.B.); Utrecht Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (J.H.B., J.H.M.S.); Department of Neuro-oncology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (W.B., D.B.)
| | - Mijke Bol
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek (NKI-AVL), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (B.M.K., D.P., I.H., J.H.M.S.); Department of Clinical Pharmacology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (B.M.K., J.H.M.S.); Department of Pathology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (M.B.), Core Facility Molecular Pathology & Biobanking (CFMPB), Department of Molecular Pathology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (I.H.); Department of Pathology, Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.W.); Biometric Department, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (H.v.T.); Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.H.B.); Utrecht Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (J.H.B., J.H.M.S.); Department of Neuro-oncology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (W.B., D.B.)
| | - Ingrid Hofland
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek (NKI-AVL), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (B.M.K., D.P., I.H., J.H.M.S.); Department of Clinical Pharmacology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (B.M.K., J.H.M.S.); Department of Pathology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (M.B.), Core Facility Molecular Pathology & Biobanking (CFMPB), Department of Molecular Pathology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (I.H.); Department of Pathology, Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.W.); Biometric Department, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (H.v.T.); Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.H.B.); Utrecht Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (J.H.B., J.H.M.S.); Department of Neuro-oncology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (W.B., D.B.)
| | - Johan Westerga
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek (NKI-AVL), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (B.M.K., D.P., I.H., J.H.M.S.); Department of Clinical Pharmacology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (B.M.K., J.H.M.S.); Department of Pathology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (M.B.), Core Facility Molecular Pathology & Biobanking (CFMPB), Department of Molecular Pathology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (I.H.); Department of Pathology, Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.W.); Biometric Department, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (H.v.T.); Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.H.B.); Utrecht Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (J.H.B., J.H.M.S.); Department of Neuro-oncology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (W.B., D.B.)
| | - Harm van Tinteren
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek (NKI-AVL), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (B.M.K., D.P., I.H., J.H.M.S.); Department of Clinical Pharmacology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (B.M.K., J.H.M.S.); Department of Pathology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (M.B.), Core Facility Molecular Pathology & Biobanking (CFMPB), Department of Molecular Pathology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (I.H.); Department of Pathology, Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.W.); Biometric Department, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (H.v.T.); Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.H.B.); Utrecht Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (J.H.B., J.H.M.S.); Department of Neuro-oncology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (W.B., D.B.)
| | - Jos H Beijnen
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek (NKI-AVL), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (B.M.K., D.P., I.H., J.H.M.S.); Department of Clinical Pharmacology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (B.M.K., J.H.M.S.); Department of Pathology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (M.B.), Core Facility Molecular Pathology & Biobanking (CFMPB), Department of Molecular Pathology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (I.H.); Department of Pathology, Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.W.); Biometric Department, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (H.v.T.); Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.H.B.); Utrecht Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (J.H.B., J.H.M.S.); Department of Neuro-oncology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (W.B., D.B.)
| | - Willem Boogerd
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek (NKI-AVL), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (B.M.K., D.P., I.H., J.H.M.S.); Department of Clinical Pharmacology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (B.M.K., J.H.M.S.); Department of Pathology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (M.B.), Core Facility Molecular Pathology & Biobanking (CFMPB), Department of Molecular Pathology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (I.H.); Department of Pathology, Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.W.); Biometric Department, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (H.v.T.); Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.H.B.); Utrecht Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (J.H.B., J.H.M.S.); Department of Neuro-oncology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (W.B., D.B.)
| | - Jan H M Schellens
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek (NKI-AVL), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (B.M.K., D.P., I.H., J.H.M.S.); Department of Clinical Pharmacology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (B.M.K., J.H.M.S.); Department of Pathology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (M.B.), Core Facility Molecular Pathology & Biobanking (CFMPB), Department of Molecular Pathology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (I.H.); Department of Pathology, Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.W.); Biometric Department, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (H.v.T.); Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.H.B.); Utrecht Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (J.H.B., J.H.M.S.); Department of Neuro-oncology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (W.B., D.B.)
| | - Dieta Brandsma
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek (NKI-AVL), Amsterdam, the Netherlands (B.M.K., D.P., I.H., J.H.M.S.); Department of Clinical Pharmacology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (B.M.K., J.H.M.S.); Department of Pathology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (M.B.), Core Facility Molecular Pathology & Biobanking (CFMPB), Department of Molecular Pathology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (I.H.); Department of Pathology, Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.W.); Biometric Department, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (H.v.T.); Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.H.B.); Utrecht Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (J.H.B., J.H.M.S.); Department of Neuro-oncology, NKI-AVL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (W.B., D.B.)
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Wang Q, Luo B, Yang X, Wang K, Liu L, Du S, Li Z. Elucidation of the effect of aptamer immobilization strategies on the interaction between cell and its aptamer using atomic force spectroscopy. J Mol Recognit 2015; 29:151-8. [PMID: 26530526 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The immobilization strategy of cell-specific aptamers is of great importance for studying the interaction between a cell and its aptamer. However, because of the difficulty of studying living cell, there have not been any systematic reports about the effect of immobilization strategies on the binding ability of an immobilized aptamer to its target cell. Because atomic force spectroscopy (AFM) could not only be suitable for the investigation of living cell under physiological conditions but also obtains information reflecting the intrinsic properties of individuals, the effect of immobilization strategies on the interaction of aptamer/human hepatocarcinoma cell Bel-7404 was successively evaluated using AFM here. Two different immobilization methods, including polyethylene glycol immobilization method and glutaraldehyde immobilization method were used, and the factors, such as aptamer orientation, oligodeoxythymidine spacers and dodecyl spacers, were investigated. Binding events measured by AFM showed that a similar unbinding force was obtained regardless of the change of the aptamer orientation, the immobilization method, and spacers, implying that the biophysical characteristics of the aptamer at the molecular level remain undisturbed. However, it showed that the immobilization orientation, immobilization method, and spacers could alter the binding probability of aptamer/Bel-7404 cell. Presumably, these factors may affect the accessibility of the aptamer toward its target cell. These results may provide valuable information for aptamer sensor platforms including ultrasensitive biosensor design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Bianxia Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Xiaohai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Kemin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Lin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Shasha Du
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Zhiping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
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22
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23
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Fang JH, Zhou HC, Zhang C, Shang LR, Zhang L, Xu J, Zheng L, Yuan Y, Guo RP, Jia WH, Yun JP, Chen MS, Zhang Y, Zhuang SM. A novel vascular pattern promotes metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma in an epithelial-mesenchymal transition-independent manner. Hepatology 2015; 62:452-65. [PMID: 25711742 DOI: 10.1002/hep.27760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Early metastasis is responsible for frequent relapse and high mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been considered a key event in metastasis. Based on histological examination of serial HCC sections and three-dimensional reconstruction, we found a novel and prevalent vascular pattern, vessels that encapsulated tumor clusters (VETC) and formed cobweb-like networks. The presence of VETC (VETC(+) ) predicted higher metastasis and recurrence rates of HCC. Using clinical samples and mouse xenograft models, we further showed that VETC was composed of functional vessels with blood perfusion and induced by tumor cells at the early stage of HCC. Subsequent investigations revealed that HCC cell-derived angiopoietin-2 was a prerequisite for VETC formation and that the VETC pattern was a critical factor promoting HCC metastasis as knockdown of angiopoietin-2 abolished this vascular pattern and consequently attenuated in vivo tumor metastasis. Interestingly, abrogation of EMT by knockdown of Snail or Slug significantly diminished in vivo metastasis of VETC(-) xenografts but did not affect that of VETC(+) ones, although silencing of Snail or Slug substantially reduced the in vitro migration of both VETC(+) and VETC(-) HCC cells. In contrast to human VETC(-) cases, EMT signatures were rarely observed in VETC(+) cases with metastatic potential. Further analysis revealed that VETC provided an efficient metastasis mode by facilitating the release of whole tumor clusters into the bloodstream. CONCLUSION Our findings identify a novel metastasis mechanism that relies on vascular pattern but is independent of EMT, which may provide new targets for antimetastasis therapy and offer a basis for selecting patients who may benefit from certain molecularly targeted drugs.
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MESH Headings
- Analysis of Variance
- Angiopoietin-2/metabolism
- Animals
- Biopsy, Needle
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/physiopathology
- Chi-Square Distribution
- Disease Models, Animal
- Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/physiology
- Female
- Heterografts
- Humans
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms/physiopathology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Neoplasm Metastasis/pathology
- Neoplasm Metastasis/physiopathology
- Neoplastic Cells, Circulating/pathology
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/pathology
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/physiopathology
- Random Allocation
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Hong Fang
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui-Chao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Liver Disease of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Ru Shang
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Liver Disease of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Limin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunfei Yuan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong-Ping Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Hua Jia
- Bank of Tumor Resources, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Ping Yun
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min-Shan Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaojun Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi-Mei Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Liver Disease of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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24
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Li W, Reátegui E, Park MH, Castleberry S, Deng JZ, Hsu B, Mayner S, Jensen AE, Sequist LV, Maheswaran S, Haber DA, Toner M, Stott SL, Hammond PT. Biodegradable nano-films for capture and non-invasive release of circulating tumor cells. Biomaterials 2015; 65:93-102. [PMID: 26142780 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Selective isolation and purification of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from whole blood is an important capability for both clinical medicine and biological research. Current techniques to perform this task place the isolated cells under excessive stresses that reduce cell viability, and potentially induce phenotype change, therefore losing valuable information about the isolated cells. We present a biodegradable nano-film coating on the surface of a microfluidic chip, which can be used to effectively capture as well as non-invasively release cancer cell lines such as PC-3, LNCaP, DU 145, H1650 and H1975. We have applied layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly to create a library of ultrathin coatings using a broad range of materials through complementary interactions. By developing an LbL nano-film coating with an affinity-based cell-capture surface that is capable of selectively isolating cancer cells from whole blood, and that can be rapidly degraded on command, we are able to gently isolate cancer cells and recover them without compromising cell viability or proliferative potential. Our approach has the capability to overcome practical hurdles and provide viable cancer cells for downstream analyses, such as live cell imaging, single cell genomics, and in vitro cell culture of recovered cells. Furthermore, CTCs from cancer patients were also captured, identified, and successfully released using the LbL-modified microchips.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Eduardo Reátegui
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Center for Engineering in Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Myoung-Hwan Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Steven Castleberry
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jason Z Deng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,David H. Koch Institute of Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Bryan Hsu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sarah Mayner
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Anne E Jensen
- Center for Engineering in Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lecia V Sequist
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shyamala Maheswaran
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel A Haber
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mehmet Toner
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Center for Engineering in Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shannon L Stott
- Center for Engineering in Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paula T Hammond
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,David H. Koch Institute of Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
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25
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Li Y, Zhang X, Ge S, Gao J, Gong J, Lu M, Zhang Q, Cao Y, Wang DD, Lin PP, Shen L. Clinical significance of phenotyping and karyotyping of circulating tumor cells in patients with advanced gastric cancer. Oncotarget 2015; 5:6594-602. [PMID: 25026283 PMCID: PMC4196148 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Karyotyping and phenotyping of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in therapeutic cancer patients is of particular clinical significance in terms of both identifying chemo-resistant CTC subtypes and understanding CTC evolution. METHODS The integrated subtraction enrichment (SET) and immunostaining-fluorescence in situ hybridization (iFISH) platform was applied to detect and characterize CTCs in patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC). Status of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expressing and aneuploidy of chromosome 8 in CTCs enriched from the patients was examined by SET-iFISH following clinical chemotherapy or HER2-targeted therapy. CellSearch system was applied as a reference control. RESULTS Phenotyping of CTCs in HER2 positive AGC patients demonstrated that HER2+ CTCs could be effectively eliminated in response to HER2-targeted therapy. Karyotyping of CTCs indicated that distinct CTCs with different ploidies of chromosomes 8 in AGC patients correlated to either sensitivity or resistance of paclitaxel or cisplatin-based chemotherapy. Examination of the copy number of chromosome 8 in CTCs provides a potential approach for predicting chemotherapeutic efficacy and monitoring chemo-resistance. CONCLUSIONS Phenotyping and karyotyping of the enriched CTCs upon ploidy of chromosome 8 or HER2 expression is of clinical potential for monitoring chemo-resistance and evaluating therapeutic efficacy for AGC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of GI Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Xiaotian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of GI Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Sai Ge
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of GI Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of GI Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Jifang Gong
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of GI Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Ming Lu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of GI Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Qiyue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of GI Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Yanshuo Cao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of GI Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | | | | | - Lin Shen
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of GI Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
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26
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Santiago-Dieppa DR, Steinberg J, Gonda D, Cheung VJ, Carter BS, Chen CC. Extracellular vesicles as a platform for 'liquid biopsy' in glioblastoma patients. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2015; 14:819-25. [PMID: 25136839 DOI: 10.1586/14737159.2014.943193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-secreted vesicles that range from 30-2000 nm in size. These vesicles are secreted by both normal and neoplastic cells. Physiologically, EVs serve multiple critical biologic functions, including cellular remodeling, intracellular communication, modulation of the tumor microenvironment and regulation of immune function. Because EVs contain genetic and proteomic contents that reflect the cell of origin, it is possible to detect tumor-specific material in EVs secreted by cancer cells. Importantly, EVs secreted by cancer cells transgress anatomic compartments and can be detected in the blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and other biofluids of cancer patients. In this context, there is a growing interest in analyzing EVs from the biofluid of cancer patients as a means of disease diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring. In this article, we review the development of EVs as a diagnostic platform for the most common form of brain cancer, glioblastoma, discuss potential clinical translational opportunities and identify the central challenges associated with future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Santiago-Dieppa
- Division of Neurosurgery, University of California, 3855 Health Science Drive #0987 La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92093-0987, USA
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27
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Lu NN, Xie M, Wang J, Lv SW, Yi JS, Dong WG, Huang WH. Biotin-triggered decomposable immunomagnetic beads for capture and release of circulating tumor cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:8817-26. [PMID: 25853336 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b01397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Isolation of rare, pure, and viable circulating tumor cells (CTCs) provides a significant insight in early cancer diagnosis, and release of captured CTCs without damage for ex vivo culture may offer an opportunity for personalized cancer therapy. In this work, we described a biotin-triggered decomposable immunomagnetic system, in which peptide-tagged antibody designed by chemical conjugation was specifically immobilized on engineered protein-coated magnetic beads. The interaction between peptide and engineered protein can be reversibly destroyed by biotin treatment, making capture and release of CTCs possible. Furthermore, the peptide could mediate multiple antibodies' coimmobilization on engineered protein-coated magnetic beads, by which capture efficiency for CTCs was obviously improved. Quantitative results showed that 70% of captured cells could be released by biotin addition, and 85% of released cells remained viable. In addition, 79% of cancer cells spiked in human whole blood were captured and could also be successfully released for culture. Finally, immunomagnetic beads simultaneously loaded with anti-EpCAM, anti-HER2, and anti-EGFR were successfully applied to isolate and detect CTCs in 17 cancer patients' peripheral blood samples, and 2-215 CTCs were identified with high purity. These results suggest that our method is reliable and has great potential in CTC detection for CTC-based molecular profiling, diagnosis, and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning-Ning Lu
- †Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Min Xie
- †Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jing Wang
- ‡Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Song-Wei Lv
- †Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jia-Sheng Yi
- ‡Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Wei-Guo Dong
- ‡Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Wei-Hua Huang
- †Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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28
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Xie J, Wang J, Chen H, Shen W, Sinko PJ, Dong H, Zhao R, Lu Y, Zhu Y, Jia L. Multivalent conjugation of antibody to dendrimers for the enhanced capture and regulation on colon cancer cells. Sci Rep 2015; 5:9445. [PMID: 25819426 PMCID: PMC4377633 DOI: 10.1038/srep09445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulation tumor cells (CTCs) in the bloodstream of early-stage cancer patients carry the important information about valuable biomarkers and biological properties of primary tumor. However, detection and capture of CTCs are challenging owing to their low concentrations. Traditional technologies have the limited detection sensitivity and the low capture efficiency. We, herein, report an effective approach to specifically bind and capture colon cancer HT29 cells by using multiple Sialyl Lewis X antibodies (aSlex)-conjugated PAMAM dendrimers. The conjugation was characterized by using atom force microscope, UV and fluorescence measurements. The capturing and regulating HT29 cells by the aSlex-coated dendrimer conjugate were analyzed by microscopy and flow cytometry. The results indicated that the conjugate showed the enhanced capture of HT29 cells in a concentration-dependent manner and the maximum capture efficiency of 77.88% was obtained within 1 h-exposure. G6-5aSlex-FITC conjugate showed capture efficiency better than FITC-G6-COOH-5aSlex conjugate. G6-5aSlex-FITC conjugate could specifically capture HT29 cells even when the target HT29 cells were diluted with the interfering cells (e.g., RBCs) to a low concentration. The capture resulted in a concentration-dependent restraint of the cell activity. In conclusion, the aSlex-coated dendrimer conjugate displayed the great potential in capturing and restraining colorectal CTCs in blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Xie
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Biopharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jichuang Wang
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Biopharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Hongning Chen
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Biopharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Weiyu Shen
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Biopharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Patrick J Sinko
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Haiyan Dong
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Biopharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Rongli Zhao
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Biopharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yusheng Lu
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Biopharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yewei Zhu
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Biopharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Lee Jia
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Biopharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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Wang XP, Zhuang ZX. Application of fluorescent proteins in tumor research. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2015; 23:1272-1277. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v23.i8.1272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluorescent proteins have been applied in multiple tumor research fields, including tumor cell growth, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, the interaction between tumor cells and host cells, and antitumor drugs. Fluorescent imaging has enabled what was formerly invisible to be seen clearly in vivo with fluorescent proteins. This article will make a brief review of the application of fluorescent proteins in tumor research.
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Halfdanarson TR, Howe JR, Haraldsdottir S, O'Dorisio TM. Circulating tumor markers in patients with neuroendocrine tumors – a clinical perspective. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINE ONCOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.2217/ije.14.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract: Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are uncommon malignancies with a very diverse presentation and prognosis. Patients with NETs frequently have circulating tumor biomarkers that may aid in the diagnosis and help with prognostication. The most commonly used and best studied marker is chromogranin A, which appears to reflect the tumor burden and is useful at the time of diagnosis, and to monitor for recurrence after resection as well as to assess response to systemic therapy. Despite being the best studied marker, chromogranin A has significant limitations. Multiple other biomarkers are in use, but most have not been studied well and need further validation before being recommended for clinical practice. We review both established and novel circulating biomarkers, and highlight some of the limitations of tumor marker use in patients with NETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorvardur R Halfdanarson
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic Cancer Center and Mayo Clinic Arizona, 13400 E. Shea Boulevard, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259, USA
| | - James R Howe
- Department of Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | | | - Thomas M O'Dorisio
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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Markovic S, Li S, Niedre M. Performance of computer vision in vivo flow cytometry with low fluorescence contrast. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2015; 20:035005. [PMID: 25822954 PMCID: PMC4377326 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.20.3.035005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Detection and enumeration of circulating cells in the bloodstream of small animals are important in many areas of preclinical biomedical research, including cancer metastasis, immunology, and reproductive medicine. Optical in vivo flow cytometry (IVFC) represents a class of technologies that allow noninvasive and continuous enumeration of circulating cells without drawing blood samples. We recently developed a technique termed computer vision in vivo flow cytometry (CV-IVFC) that uses a high-sensitivity fluorescence camera and an automated computer vision algorithm to interrogate relatively large circulating blood volumes in the ear of a mouse. We detected circulating cells at concentrations as low as 20 cells/mL. In the present work, we characterized the performance of CV-IVFC with low-contrast imaging conditions with (1) weak cell fluorescent labeling using cell-simulating fluorescent microspheres with varying brightness and (2) high background tissue autofluorescence by varying autofluorescence properties of optical phantoms. Our analysis indicates that CV-IVFC can robustly track and enumerate circulating cells with at least 50% sensitivity even in conditions with two orders of magnitude degraded contrast than our previous in vivo work. These results support the significant potential utility of CV-IVFC in a wide range of in vivo biological models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey Markovic
- Northeastern University, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Address all correspondence to: Stacey Markovic, E-mail:
| | - Siyuan Li
- Northeastern University, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Mark Niedre
- Northeastern University, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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Xie J, Dong H, Chen H, Zhao R, Sinko PJ, Shen W, Wang J, Lu Y, Yang X, Xie F, Jia L. Exploring cancer metastasis prevention strategy: interrupting adhesion of cancer cells to vascular endothelia of potential metastatic tissues by antibody-coated nanomaterial. J Nanobiotechnology 2015; 13:9. [PMID: 25643843 PMCID: PMC4320453 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-015-0072-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer metastasis caused by circulating tumor cells (CTCs) accounts for 90% cancer-related death worldwide. Blocking the circulation of CTCs in bloodstream and their hetero-adhesion to vascular endothelia of the distant metastatic organs may prevent cancer metastasis. Nanomaterial-based intervention with adhesion between CTCs and endothelia has not been reported. Driven by the novel idea that multivalent conjugation of EpCAM and Slex antibodies to dendrimer surface may enhance the capacity and specificity of the nanomaterial conjugates for capturing and down-regulating colorectal CTCs, we conjugated the dendrimer nanomaterial with the EpCAM and Slex antibodies, and examined the capacity of the dual antibody-coated nanomaterial for their roles in interrupting CTCs-related cancer metastasis. Results The antibody-coated nanomaterial was synthesized and characterized. The conjugates specifically bound and captured colon cancer cells SW620. The conjugate inhibited the cells’ viability and their adhesion to fibronectin (Fn)-coated substrate or human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in a concentration-dependent manner. In comparison with SW480 and LoVo cell lines, the activity and adhesion of SW620 to Fn-coated substrate and HUVECs were more specifically inhibited by the dual antibody conjugate because of the higher levels of EpCAM and Slex on SW620 cell surface. The hetero-adhesion between SW620 and Fn-coated substrate, or HUVECs was inhibited by about 60-70%. The dual conjugate showed the inhibition capacity more significant than its corresponding single antibody conjugates. Conclusions The present study provides the new evidence that coating nanomaterials with more than one antibody against CTCs may effectively interfere with the interaction between SW620 and HUVECs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12951-015-0072-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Xie
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Biopharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, 523 Industry Road, Science Building, 3FL, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China.
| | - Haiyan Dong
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Biopharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, 523 Industry Road, Science Building, 3FL, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China.
| | - Hongning Chen
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Biopharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, 523 Industry Road, Science Building, 3FL, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China.
| | - Rongli Zhao
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Biopharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, 523 Industry Road, Science Building, 3FL, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China.
| | - Patrick J Sinko
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.
| | - Weiyu Shen
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Biopharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, 523 Industry Road, Science Building, 3FL, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China.
| | - Jichuang Wang
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Biopharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, 523 Industry Road, Science Building, 3FL, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China.
| | - Yusheng Lu
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Biopharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, 523 Industry Road, Science Building, 3FL, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China.
| | - Xiang Yang
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Biopharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, 523 Industry Road, Science Building, 3FL, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China.
| | - Fangwei Xie
- Department of Medicine Oncology, East Hospital of Xiamen University, Fuzhou, 350004, China.
| | - Lee Jia
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Biopharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, 523 Industry Road, Science Building, 3FL, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China.
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Mastronicola R, Berteau C, Tu Q, Cortese S, Guillet J, Phulpin B, Gangloff P, Bezdetnaya L, Merlin JL, Faure G, Dolivet G. Detection of disseminated tumor cells in aspirative drains after neck dissection. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2015; 273:465-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00405-015-3522-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Ma Y, Hao S, Wang S, Zhao Y, Lim B, Lei M, Spector DJ, El-Deiry WS, Zheng SY, Zhu J. A Combinatory Strategy for Detection of Live CTCs Using Microfiltration and a New Telomerase-Selective Adenovirus. Mol Cancer Ther 2015; 14:835-43. [PMID: 25589497 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-14-0693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTC) have become an important biomarker for early cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment monitoring. Recently, a replication-competent recombinant adenovirus driven by a human telomerase gene (hTERT) promoter was shown to detect live CTCs in blood samples of patients with cancer. Here, we report a new class of adenoviruses containing regulatory elements that repress the hTERT gene in normal cells. Compared with the virus with only the hTERT core promoter, the new viruses showed better selectivity for replication in cancer cells than in normal cells. In particular, Ad5GTSe, containing three extra copies of a repressor element, displayed a superior tropism for cancer cells among leukocytes and was thus selected for CTC detection in blood samples. To further improve the efficiency and specificity of CTC identification, we tested a combinatory strategy of microfiltration enrichment using flexible micro spring arrays and Ad5GTSe imaging. Our experiments showed that this method efficiently detected both cancer cells spiked into healthy blood and potential CTCs in blood samples of patients with breast and pancreatic cancer, demonstrating its potential as a highly sensitive and reliable system for detection and capture of CTCs of different tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchun Ma
- College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, China. Department of C&M Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Sijie Hao
- Department of C&M Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Shuwen Wang
- Department of C&M Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington
| | - Yuanjun Zhao
- Department of C&M Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Bora Lim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington
| | - Ming Lei
- College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - David J Spector
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Wafik S El-Deiry
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Si-Yang Zheng
- Micro & Nano Integrated Biosystem Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Jiyue Zhu
- Department of C&M Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington.
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Abstract
Little headway has been made in single cell protein analysis, aside from tools that rely solely on antibody-probe based detection (i.e., flow cytometry, immunocytochemistry), which are limited by low specificity and multiplexing capabilities. To address these protein analysis gaps, we have introduced a single-cell western blot (scWestern). The protein assay is capable of highly specific analysis by coupling antibody-based detection with a polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) protein separation. Cells are settled via gravity into polyacrylamide (PA) microwells, chemically lysed in the wells, and then subjected to PAGE through the walls of the microwells and into the surrounding PA gel. Over a thousand single-cell separations are performed simultaneously, and multiple protein targets of interest are investigated. After PAGE separation, photo-immobilization of all proteins to the gel allows for antibody probing and lends to the archival quality of the scWestern assay where new proteins targets can be investigated months after the initial separations are performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elly Sinkala
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Berkeley, 306 Stanley Hall MC 1762, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1762, USA
| | - Amy E Herr
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Berkeley, 306 Stanley Hall MC 1762, Berkeley, CA, 94720-1762, USA.
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Cienfuegos JA, Baixauli J, Rotellar F, Hernández Lizoáin JL. "The paradigm of surgical treatment of distal rectal cancer: what to remove vs. what to leave behind". Cir Esp 2014; 93:207-8. [PMID: 25434706 DOI: 10.1016/j.ciresp.2014.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Javier A Cienfuegos
- Departamento de Cirugía General, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, España.
| | - Jorge Baixauli
- Departamento de Cirugía General, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, España
| | - Fernando Rotellar
- Departamento de Cirugía General, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, España
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Meseure D, Drak Alsibai K, Nicolas A. Pivotal role of pervasive neoplastic and stromal cells reprogramming in circulating tumor cells dissemination and metastatic colonization. CANCER MICROENVIRONMENT : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL CANCER MICROENVIRONMENT SOCIETY 2014; 7:95-115. [PMID: 25523234 PMCID: PMC4275542 DOI: 10.1007/s12307-014-0158-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Reciprocal interactions between neoplastic cells and their microenvironment are crucial events in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. Pervasive stromal reprogramming and remodeling that transform a normal to a tumorigenic microenvironment modify numerous stromal cells functions, status redox, oxidative stress, pH, ECM stiffness and energy metabolism. These environmental factors allow selection of more aggressive cancer cells that develop important adaptive strategies. Subpopulations of cancer cells acquire new properties associating plasticity, stem-like phenotype, unfolded protein response, metabolic reprogramming and autophagy, production of exosomes, survival to anoikis, invasion, immunosuppression and therapeutic resistance. Moreover, by inducing vascular transdifferentiation of cancer cells and recruiting endothelial cells and pericytes, the tumorigenic microenvironment induces development of tumor-associated vessels that allow invasive cells to gain access to the tumor vessels and to intravasate. Circulating cancer cells can survive in the blood stream by interacting with the intravascular microenvironment, extravasate through the microvasculature and interact with the metastatic microenvironment of target organs. In this review, we will focus on many recent paradigms involved in the field of tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didier Meseure
- Platform of Investigative Pathology and Department of Biopathology, Curie Institute, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75248, Paris, Cedex 05, France,
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Shenoy AK, Lu J. Cancer cells remodel themselves and vasculature to overcome the endothelial barrier. Cancer Lett 2014; 380:534-544. [PMID: 25449784 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Revised: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis refers to the spread of cancer cells from a primary tumor to distant organs mostly via the bloodstream. During the metastatic process, cancer cells invade blood vessels to enter circulation, and later exit the vasculature at a distant site. Endothelial cells that line blood vessels normally serve as a barrier to the movement of cells into or out of the blood. It is thus critical to understand how metastatic cancer cells overcome the endothelial barrier. Epithelial cancer cells acquire increased motility and invasiveness through epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which enables them to move toward vasculature. Cancer cells also express a variety of adhesion molecules that allow them to attach to vascular endothelium. Finally, cancer cells secrete or induce growth factors and cytokines to actively prompt vascular hyperpermeability that compromises endothelial barrier function and facilitates transmigration of cancer cells through the vascular wall. Elucidation of the mechanisms underlying metastatic dissemination may help develop new anti-metastasis therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anitha K Shenoy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States.
| | - Jianrong Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States.
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Magni E, Botteri E, Ravenda PS, Cassatella MC, Bertani E, Chiappa A, Luca F, Zorzino L, Bianchi PP, Adamoli L, Sandri MT, Zampino MG. Detection of circulating tumor cells in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer undergoing neoadjuvant therapy followed by curative surgery. Int J Colorectal Dis 2014; 29:1053-9. [PMID: 25008360 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-014-1958-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) represent an independent prognostic factor in metastatic colorectal cancer, while their significance in early stages is still an open issue. The aim of the study is to investigate the role of CTCs in rectal cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CT-RT). METHODS In this prospective single institutional study, cT3-4 and/or N+ rectal cancer was treated with neoadjuvant CT-RT. The primary endpoints were as follows: evaluation of CTCs at baseline (t0), after CT-RT (t1), within 7 days after surgery (t2), and at 6 months from surgery (t3) and correlation with main patient/tumor characteristics, CEA, response to neoadjuvant therapy, and disease-free survival (DFS). CTCs were enumerated with the CellSearch System in 22.5 ml peripheral blood. A repeated measure analysis for binary outcome was used to evaluate over time changes in the percentage of CTCs detectable in blood samples. RESULTS Of the 90 patients enrolled in this study, 85 were eligible consisting of 52 males and 33 females. Median age was 63 years and median follow-up was 38 months. CTCs were available for all patients at t0, for 67 at t1, for 68 at t2, and for 62 at t3. CTCs >0 were reported on 16 (19%) at t0, on 5 (7.5%) at t1, on 6 (9%) at t2, and on 3 (5%) at t3 (P value for trend 0.039). Only for CT-RT responders, CTCs reduced from t0 to t1. No statistically significant association was found between CTCs and main patient/tumor characteristics and DFS. CONCLUSIONS Sixteen patients (19%) had CTCs ≥1 at t0 with reduction in CTC number in case of objective remissions. The proportion of patients with CTCs ≥1 decreased over the time as the therapeutic course proceeded. Much effort should be oriented toward increasing CTC detection rate by enhancing technical tests and achieving better patient characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Magni
- Gastrointestinal and Neuroendocrine Tumors Unit, European Institute of Oncology, via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy,
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Lupo B, Trusolino L. Inhibition of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation in cancer: old and new paradigms revisited. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2014; 1846:201-15. [PMID: 25026313 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2014.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Revised: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases actualized the biological concept of synthetic lethality in the clinical practice, yielding a paradigmatic example of translational medicine. The profound sensitivity of tumors with germline BRCA mutations to PARP1/2 blockade owes to inherent defects of the BRCA-dependent homologous recombination machinery, which are unleashed by interruption of PARP DNA repair activity and lead to DNA damage overload and cell death. Conversely, aspirant BRCA-like tumors harboring somatic DNA repair dysfunctions (a vast entity of genetic and epigenetic defects known as "BRCAness") not always align with the familial counterpart and appear not to be equally sensitive to PARP inhibition. The acquisition of secondary resistance in initially responsive patients and the lack of standardized biomarkers to identify "BRCAness" pose serious threats to the clinical advance of PARP inhibitors; a feeling is also emerging that a BRCA-centered perspective might have missed the influence of additional, not negligible and DNA repair-independent PARP contributions onto therapy outcome. While regulatory approval for PARP1/2 inhibitors is still pending, novel therapeutic opportunities are sprouting from different branches of the PARP family, although they remain immature for clinical extrapolation. This review is an endeavor to provide a comprehensive appraisal of the multifaceted biology of PARPs and their evolving impact on cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Lupo
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino Medical School, 10060 Candiolo, Torino, Italy; Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Livio Trusolino
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino Medical School, 10060 Candiolo, Torino, Italy; Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Torino, Italy.
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Wide-field imaging and flow cytometric analysis of cancer cells in blood by fluorescent nanodiamond labeling and time gating. Sci Rep 2014; 4:5574. [PMID: 24994610 PMCID: PMC4081895 DOI: 10.1038/srep05574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanodiamonds containing high density ensembles of negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV−) centers are promising fluorescent biomarkers due to their excellent photostability and biocompatibility. The NV− centers in the particles have a fluorescence lifetime of up to 20 ns, which distinctly differs from those (<10 ns) of cell and tissue autofluorescence, making it possible to achieve background-free detection in vivo by time gating. Here, we demonstrate the feasibility of using fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) as optical labels for wide-field time-gated fluorescence imaging and flow cytometric analysis of cancer cells with a nanosecond intensified charge-coupled device (ICCD) as the detector. The combined technique has allowed us to acquire fluorescence images of FND-labeled HeLa cells in whole blood covered with a chicken breast of ~0.1-mm thickness at the single cell level, and to detect individual FND-labeled HeLa cells in blood flowing through a microfluidic device at a frame rate of 23 Hz, as well as to locate and trace FND-labeled lung cancer cells in the blood vessels of a mouse ear. It opens a new window for real-time imaging and tracking of transplanted cells (such as stem cells) in vivo.
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Iranifam M. Analytical applications of chemiluminescence methods for cancer detection and therapy. Trends Analyt Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2014.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Hughes AJ, Spelke DP, Xu Z, Kang CC, Schaffer DV, Herr AE. Single-cell western blotting. Nat Methods 2014; 11:749-55. [PMID: 24880876 PMCID: PMC4077215 DOI: 10.1038/nmeth.2992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
To measure cell-to-cell variation in protein-mediated functions, we developed an approach to conduct ∼10(3) concurrent single-cell western blots (scWesterns) in ∼4 h. A microscope slide supporting a 30-μm-thick photoactive polyacrylamide gel enables western blotting: settling of single cells into microwells, lysis in situ, gel electrophoresis, photoinitiated blotting to immobilize proteins and antibody probing. We applied this scWestern method to monitor single-cell differentiation of rat neural stem cells and responses to mitogen stimulation. The scWestern quantified target proteins even with off-target antibody binding, multiplexed to 11 protein targets per single cell with detection thresholds of <30,000 molecules, and supported analyses of low starting cell numbers (∼200) when integrated with FACS. The scWestern overcomes limitations of antibody fidelity and sensitivity in other single-cell protein analysis methods and constitutes a versatile tool for the study of complex cell populations at single-cell resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex J Hughes
- 1] Department of Bioengineering, University of California (UC) Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA. [2] California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA. [3] [4]
| | - Dawn P Spelke
- 1] Department of Bioengineering, University of California (UC) Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA. [2] California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA. [3] The UC Berkeley-UC San Francisco Graduate Program in Bioengineering, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA. [4]
| | - Zhuchen Xu
- 1] Department of Bioengineering, University of California (UC) Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA. [2] California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Chi-Chih Kang
- 1] Department of Bioengineering, University of California (UC) Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA. [2] California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - David V Schaffer
- 1] Department of Bioengineering, University of California (UC) Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA. [2] California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA. [3] The UC Berkeley-UC San Francisco Graduate Program in Bioengineering, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA. [4] Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA. [5] Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Amy E Herr
- 1] Department of Bioengineering, University of California (UC) Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA. [2] California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA. [3] The UC Berkeley-UC San Francisco Graduate Program in Bioengineering, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
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Pukazhendhi G, Glück S. Circulating tumor cells in breast cancer. J Carcinog 2014; 13:8. [PMID: 25191136 PMCID: PMC4141360 DOI: 10.4103/1477-3163.135578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cell (CTC) measurement in peripheral blood of patients with breast cancer offers prognostic information. In this review, we will try to identify evidence that could be used for prognosis, predictive power to draw this tool to clinical utility. We reviewed 81 manuscripts, and categorized those in discovery datasets, prognostic factors in metastatic breast cancer, identification of clinical utility in early breast cancer and in novel approaches. With each patient responding differently to chemotherapy, more efficient markers would improve clinical outcome. Current CTC diagnostic techniques use epithelial markers predominantly; however, the most appropriate method is the measurement of circulating DNA. It has been hypothesized that micrometastasis occurs early in the development of tumors. That implies the presence of CTCs in nonmetastatic setting. The origin of stimulus for malignant transformation is yet unknown. The role of microenvironment as a stimulus is also being investigated. It has been shown that CTCs vary in numbers with chemotherapy. The markers, which are followed-up in the primary tumors, are also being studied on the CTCs. There is discordance of the human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 status between the primary tumor and CTCs. This review summarizes our current knowledge about the CTCs. With genetic profiling and molecular characterization of CTCs, it is possible to overcome the diagnostic difficulties. Evidence for clinical utility of CTC as prognostic and predictive marker is increasing. Appropriate patient stratification according to CTC determination among other tests, would make personalized cancer therapy more feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geetha Pukazhendhi
- Department of Medicine, Hematology Oncology Division, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Stefan Glück
- Department of Medicine, Hematology Oncology Division, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA ; Department of Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
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Nedosekin DA, Verkhusha VV, Melerzanov AV, Zharov VP, Galanzha EI. In vivo photoswitchable flow cytometry for direct tracking of single circulating tumor cells. CHEMISTRY & BIOLOGY 2014; 21:792-801. [PMID: 24816228 PMCID: PMC4174400 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2014.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2013] [Revised: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Photoswitchable fluorescent proteins (PSFPs) that change their color in response to light have led to breakthroughs in studying static cells. However, using PSFPs to study cells in dynamic conditions is challenging. Here we introduce a method for in vivo ultrafast photoswitching of PSFPs that provides labeling and tracking of single circulating cells. Using in vivo multicolor flow cytometry, this method demonstrated the capability for studying recirculation, migration, and distribution of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) during metastasis progression. In tumor-bearing mice, it enabled monitoring of real-time dynamics of CTCs released from primary tumor, identifying dormant cells, and imaging of CTCs colonizing a primary tumor (self-seeding) or existing metastasis (reseeding). Integration of genetically encoded PSFPs, fast photoswitching, flow cytometry, and imaging makes in vivo single cell analysis in the circulation feasible to provide insights into the behavior of CTCs and potentially immune-related and bacterial cells in circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry A Nedosekin
- Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, Arkansas Nanomedicine Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), 4301 West Markham, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Vladislav V Verkhusha
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology and Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Alexander V Melerzanov
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Inststitutskii pereulok, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region 141700, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir P Zharov
- Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, Arkansas Nanomedicine Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), 4301 West Markham, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Inststitutskii pereulok, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region 141700, Russian Federation
| | - Ekaterina I Galanzha
- Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, Arkansas Nanomedicine Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), 4301 West Markham, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.
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Williams A, Chung J, Ou X, Zheng G, Rawal S, Ao Z, Datar R, Yang C, Cote R. Fourier ptychographic microscopy for filtration-based circulating tumor cell enumeration and analysis. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2014; 19:066007. [PMID: 24949708 PMCID: PMC4572097 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.19.6.066007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are recognized as a candidate biomarker with strong prognostic and predictive potential in metastatic disease. Filtration-based enrichment technologies have been used for CTC characterization, and our group has previously developed a membrane microfilter device that demonstrates efficacy in model systems and clinical blood samples. However, uneven filtration surfaces make the use of standard microscopic techniques a difficult task, limiting the performance of automated imaging using commercially available technologies. Here, we report the use of Fourier ptychographic microscopy (FPM) to tackle this challenge. Employing this method, we were able to obtain high-resolution color images, including amplitude and phase, of the microfilter samples over large areas. FPM's ability to perform digital refocusing on complex images is particularly useful in this setting as, in contrast to other imaging platforms, we can focus samples on multiple focal planes within the same frame despite surface unevenness. In model systems, FPM demonstrates high image quality, efficiency, and consistency in detection of tumor cells when comparing corresponding microfilter samples to standard microscopy with high correlation (R² = 0.99932). Based on these results, we believe that FPM will have important implications for improved, high throughput, filtration-based CTC analysis, and, more generally, image analysis of uneven surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Williams
- University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, 1501 NW 10th Avenue BRB 742, Miami, Florida 33136
- University of Miami, Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Biomedical Nanotechnology Institute (BioNIUM), 1501 NW 10th Avenue BRB 714, Miami Florida 33136
| | - Jaebum Chung
- California Institute of Technology, Departments of Electrical Engineering, Bioengineering, and Medical Engineering, 1200 East California Boulevard MC 136-93, Pasadena, California 91125
| | - Xiaoze Ou
- California Institute of Technology, Departments of Electrical Engineering, Bioengineering, and Medical Engineering, 1200 East California Boulevard MC 136-93, Pasadena, California 91125
| | - Guoan Zheng
- California Institute of Technology, Departments of Electrical Engineering, Bioengineering, and Medical Engineering, 1200 East California Boulevard MC 136-93, Pasadena, California 91125
| | - Siddarth Rawal
- University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, 1501 NW 10th Avenue BRB 742, Miami, Florida 33136
- University of Miami, Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Biomedical Nanotechnology Institute (BioNIUM), 1501 NW 10th Avenue BRB 714, Miami Florida 33136
| | - Zheng Ao
- University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, 1501 NW 10th Avenue BRB 742, Miami, Florida 33136
- University of Miami, Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Biomedical Nanotechnology Institute (BioNIUM), 1501 NW 10th Avenue BRB 714, Miami Florida 33136
| | - Ram Datar
- University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, 1501 NW 10th Avenue BRB 742, Miami, Florida 33136
- University of Miami, Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Biomedical Nanotechnology Institute (BioNIUM), 1501 NW 10th Avenue BRB 714, Miami Florida 33136
| | - Changhuei Yang
- California Institute of Technology, Departments of Electrical Engineering, Bioengineering, and Medical Engineering, 1200 East California Boulevard MC 136-93, Pasadena, California 91125
| | - Richard Cote
- University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, 1501 NW 10th Avenue BRB 742, Miami, Florida 33136
- University of Miami, Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Biomedical Nanotechnology Institute (BioNIUM), 1501 NW 10th Avenue BRB 714, Miami Florida 33136
- Address all correspondence to: Richard Cote, E-mail:
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Sun W, Huang T, Li G, Shen W, Zhu J, Jin Q, Zhao J, Jia C, Zhang Z. The advantage of circulating tumor cells over serum carcinoembryonic antigen for predicting treatment responses in rectal cancer. Future Oncol 2014; 9:1489-500. [PMID: 24106900 DOI: 10.2217/fon.13.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The objective of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) on the evaluation and prediction of treatment responses in rectal cancer patients compared with serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). MATERIALS & METHODS Both CTCs and CEA levels of 103 rectal cancer patients (66 with stage II-III and 37 with recurrence or metastasis) were analyzed before and after chemoradiotherapy. CTCs were detected using EpCAM magnetic bead-based enrichment combined with cytometric identification. RESULTS CTCs were detected in all patients while no tumor cells were found in healthy controls. CTC levels in metastatic patients were significantly higher than those with recurrence or stage II-III rectal cancer. There is a close relationship between CTC levels and treatment outcomes but serum CEA did not have any correlation. CONCLUSION CTCs are promising markers for the evaluation and prediction of treatment responses in rectal cancer patients, superior to the conventional tumor marker CEA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270, Dong'an Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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Xie M, Lu NN, Cheng SB, Wang XY, Wang M, Guo S, Wen CY, Hu J, Pang DW, Huang WH. Engineered Decomposable Multifunctional Nanobioprobes for Capture and Release of Rare Cancer Cells. Anal Chem 2014; 86:4618-26. [DOI: 10.1021/ac500820p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Xie
- Key
Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry
of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ning-Ning Lu
- Key
Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry
of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Shi-Bo Cheng
- Key
Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry
of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xue-Ying Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry
of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ming Wang
- Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Shan Guo
- Key
Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry
of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Cong-Ying Wen
- Key
Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry
of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jiao Hu
- Key
Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry
of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Dai-Wen Pang
- Key
Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry
of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Wei-Hua Huang
- Key
Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry
of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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Satelli A, Mitra A, Cutrera JJ, Devarie M, Xia X, Ingram DR, Dibra D, Somaiah N, Torres KE, Ravi V, Ludwig JA, Kleinerman ES, Li S. Universal marker and detection tool for human sarcoma circulating tumor cells. Cancer Res 2014; 74:1645-50. [PMID: 24448245 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-13-1739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
To date, no specific marker exists for the detection of circulating tumor cells (CTC) from different types of sarcomas, though tools are available for detection of CTCs in peripheral blood of patients with cancer for epithelial cancers. Here, we report cell-surface vimentin (CSV) as an exclusive marker on sarcoma CTC regardless of the tissue origin of the sarcoma as detected by a novel monoclonal antibody. Utilizing CSV as a probe, we isolated and enumerated sarcoma CTCs with high sensitivity and specificity from the blood of patients bearing different types of sarcoma, validating their phenotype by single cell genomic amplification, mutation detection, and FISH. Our results establish the first universal and specific CTC marker described for enumerating CTCs from different types of sarcoma, thereby providing a key prognosis tool to monitor cancer metastasis and relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Satelli
- Authors' Affiliations: Departments of Pediatrics and Surgical Oncology; Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; and UTMD Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas
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50
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Hyun KA, Jung HI. Advances and critical concerns with the microfluidic enrichments of circulating tumor cells. LAB ON A CHIP 2014; 14:45-56. [PMID: 23982141 DOI: 10.1039/c3lc50582k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Over the past two decades, circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have been widely recognized for their importance in clinical trials. While most enrichment methods for these cells have been conducted through the batch process due to their rarity in blood and the need for large sample volumes, the batch process leads to unavoidable cell loss. Given the heterogenetic features of CTCs, this cell loss may limit the validity of research that relies on the isolation of CTCs; such research includes cancer prognosis, diagnosis of minimal residual diseases, assessment of tumor sensitivity to anticancer drugs, and the personalization of anticancer therapies. Recent advances in microfluidic approaches have made it possible to enrich CTCs with a small degree of cell loss. In this review, we highlight several microfluidic-based positive and negative enrichment methods that are the subject of considerable research interest (e.g. EpCAM-dependent assay and EpCAM-independent assay) and suggest a microfluidic-based single cell analysis platform for the down-stream analysis of CTCs. We also discuss critical concerns and future directions for research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-A Hyun
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-no Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752, South Korea.
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