1
|
Wang X, Li T, Xu J, Zhang F, Liu L, Wang T, Wang C, Ren H, Zhang Y. Distinct functions of microtubules and actin filaments in the transportation of the male germ unit in pollen. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5448. [PMID: 38937444 PMCID: PMC11211427 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49323-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Flowering plants rely on the polarized growth of pollen tubes to deliver sperm cells (SCs) to the embryo sac for double fertilization. In pollen, the vegetative nucleus (VN) and two SCs form the male germ unit (MGU). However, the mechanism underlying directional transportation of MGU is not well understood. In this study, we provide the first full picture of the dynamic interplay among microtubules, actin filaments, and MGU during pollen germination and tube growth. Depolymerization of microtubules and inhibition of kinesin activity result in an increased velocity and magnified amplitude of VN's forward and backward movement. Pharmacological washout experiments further suggest that microtubules participate in coordinating the directional movement of MGU. In contrast, suppression of the actomyosin system leads to a reduced velocity of VN mobility but without a moving pattern change. Moreover, detailed observation shows that the direction and velocity of VN's movement are in close correlations with those of the actomyosin-driven cytoplasmic streaming surrounding VN. Therefore, we propose that while actomyosin-based cytoplasmic streaming influences on the oscillational movement of MGU, microtubules and kinesins avoid MGU drifting with the cytoplasmic streaming and act as the major regulator for fine-tuning the proper positioning and directional migration of MGU in pollen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangfei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, 100875, Beijing, China
| | - Tonghui Li
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, 100875, Beijing, China
| | - Jiuting Xu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, 100875, Beijing, China
| | - Fanfan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, 100875, Beijing, China
| | - Lifang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, 100875, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, 100875, Beijing, China
| | - Chun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, 100875, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyun Ren
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, 100875, Beijing, China.
- Center for Biological Science and Technology, Guangdong Zhuhai-Macao Joint Biotech Laboratory, Beijing Normal University, 519087, Zhuhai, China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, 100875, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yao Q, Li P, Wang X, Liao S, Wang P, Huang S. Molecular mechanisms underlying the negative effects of transient heatwaves on crop fertility. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2024:101009. [PMID: 38915200 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2024.101009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Transient heatwaves occurring more frequently as the climate warms, yet their impacts on crop yield are severely underestimated and even overlooked. Heatwaves lasting only a few days or even hours during sensitive stages, such as microgametogenesis and flowering, can significantly reduce crop yield by disrupting plant reproduction. Recent advances in multi-omics and GWAS analysis have shed light on the specific organs (e.g., pollen, lodicule, style), key metabolic pathways (sugar and reactive oxygen species metabolism, Ca2+ homeostasis), and essential genes that are involved in crop responses to transient heatwaves during sensitive stages. This review therefore places particular emphasis on heat-sensitive stages, with pollen development, floret opening, pollination, and fertilization as the central narrative thread. The multifaceted effects of transient heatwaves and their molecular basis are systematically reviewed, with a focus on key structures such as the lodicule and tapetum. A number of heat-tolerance genes associated with these processes have been identified in major crops like maize and rice. The mechanisms and key heat-tolerance genes shared among different stages may facilitate the more precise improvement of heat-tolerant crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ping Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Shuhua Liao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Pu Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shoubing Huang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Salama DM, Khater MA, Abd El-Aziz ME. The influence of potassium nanoparticles as a foliar fertilizer on onion growth, production, chemical content, and DNA fingerprint. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31635. [PMID: 38832265 PMCID: PMC11145210 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Potassium is an important macro-fertilizer for plant growth but can be lost from the soil after application via irrigation. Slow-release nano-fertilizers can achieve sustainable crop cultivation and production, so this study evaluated the influence of potassium nanoparticles (K-NPs) with various concentrations (0, 50, 100, and 200 mg/l) on onion development, production, pigments, chemical content, and DNA fingerprint during two sequential agriculture seasons in 2021 and 2022 at a private farm in Zagazig, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt. Spraying onion plants with K-NPs (200 mg/l) significantly improved the vegetative characteristics of onion plant growth and production, as well as increasing the plant pigments and the content of carbohydrate, oil, total indole, and phosphorus in onion bulbs. Similarly, 50 mg/l of K-NPs considerably increased the content of nitrogen, potassium, protein, antioxidant activity, and phenols in the onion bulbs. The content of total flavonoids and anthocyanin was increased with 100 mg/l of K-NPs. In conclusion, the foliar application of K-NPs improves the onion plant yield and quality and can achieve agricultural sustainability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dina M. Salama
- Vegetable Research Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, P.O. 12622, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Ahmed Khater
- Botany Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, P.O. 12622, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud E. Abd El-Aziz
- Polymers and Pigments Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, P.O. 12622, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Boutillon A, Banavar SP, Campàs O. Conserved physical mechanisms of cell and tissue elongation. Development 2024; 151:dev202687. [PMID: 38767601 PMCID: PMC11190436 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Living organisms have the ability to self-shape into complex structures appropriate for their function. The genetic and molecular mechanisms that enable cells to do this have been extensively studied in several model and non-model organisms. In contrast, the physical mechanisms that shape cells and tissues have only recently started to emerge, in part thanks to new quantitative in vivo measurements of the physical quantities guiding morphogenesis. These data, combined with indirect inferences of physical characteristics, are starting to reveal similarities in the physical mechanisms underlying morphogenesis across different organisms. Here, we review how physics contributes to shape cells and tissues in a simple, yet ubiquitous, morphogenetic transformation: elongation. Drawing from observed similarities across species, we propose the existence of conserved physical mechanisms of morphogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Boutillon
- Cluster of Excellence Physics of Life, TU Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Samhita P. Banavar
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| | - Otger Campàs
- Cluster of Excellence Physics of Life, TU Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Center for Systems Biology Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chocano-Coralla EJ, Vidali L. Myosin XI, a model of its conserved role in plant cell tip growth. Biochem Soc Trans 2024; 52:505-515. [PMID: 38629612 DOI: 10.1042/bst20220783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
In eukaryotic cells, organelle and vesicle transport, positioning, and interactions play crucial roles in cytoplasmic organization and function. These processes are governed by intracellular trafficking mechanisms. At the core of that trafficking, the cytoskeleton and directional transport by motor proteins stand out as its key regulators. Plant cell tip growth is a well-studied example of cytoplasm organization by polarization. This polarization, essential for the cell's function, is driven by the cytoskeleton and its associated motors. This review will focus on myosin XI, a molecular motor critical for vesicle trafficking and polarized plant cell growth. We will center our discussion on recent data from the moss Physcomitrium patens and the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha. The biochemical properties and structure of myosin XI in various plant species are discussed, highlighting functional conservation across species. We further explore this conservation of myosin XI function in the process of vesicle transport in tip-growing cells. Existing evidence indicates that myosin XI actively organizes actin filaments in tip-growing cells by a mechanism based on vesicle clustering at their tips. A hypothetical model is presented to explain the essential function of myosin XI in polarized plant cell growth based on vesicle clustering at the tip. The review also provides insight into the in vivo localization and dynamics of myosin XI, emphasizing its role in cytosolic calcium regulation, which influences the polymerization of F-actin. Lastly, we touch upon the need for additional research to elucidate the regulation of myosin function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Luis Vidali
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, U.S.A
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Qian D, Li T, Zheng C, Niu Y, Niu Y, Li C, Wang M, Yang Y, An L, Xiang Y. Actin-depolymerizing factors 8 and 11 promote root hair elongation at high pH. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 5:100787. [PMID: 38158655 PMCID: PMC10943588 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2023.100787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
A root hair is a polarly elongated single-celled structure that derives from a root epidermal cell and functions in uptake of water and nutrients from the surrounding environment. Previous reports have demonstrated that short periods of high pH inhibit root hair extension; but the effects of long-term high-pH treatment on root hair growth are still unclear. Here, we report that the duration of root hair elongation is significantly prolonged with increasing external pH, which counteracts the effect of decreasing root hair elongation rate and ultimately produces longer root hairs, whereas loss of actin-depolymerizing factor 8 and 11 (ADF8/11) function causes shortening of root hair length at high pH (pH 7.4). Accumulation of ADF8/11 at the tips of root hairs is inhibited by high pH, and increasing environmental pH affects the actin filament (F-actin) meshwork at the root hair tip. At high pH, the tip-focused F-actin meshwork is absent in root hairs of the adf8/11 mutant, actin filaments are disordered at the adf8/11 root hair tips, and actin turnover is attenuated. Secretory and recycling vesicles do not aggregate in the apical region of adf8/11 root hairs at high pH. Together, our results suggest that, under long-term exposure to high extracellular pH, ADF8/11 may establish and maintain the tip-focused F-actin meshwork to regulate polar trafficking of secretory/recycling vesicles at the root hair tips, thereby promoting root hair elongation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Qian
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Tian Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chen Zheng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yue Niu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yingzhi Niu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chengying Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Muxuan Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Lizhe An
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yun Xiang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Liu X, Zhu D, Zhao F, Gao Y, Li J, Li Y. VAMP726 and VAMP725 regulate vesicle secretion and pollen tube growth in Arabidopsis. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2023; 42:1951-1965. [PMID: 37805949 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-023-03075-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE VAMP726/VAMP725 and SYP131 can form a part of a SNARE complex to mediate vesicle secretion at the pollen tube apex. Secretory vesicle fusion with the plasma membrane of the pollen tube tip is a key step in pollen tube growth. Membrane fusion was mediated by SNAREs. However, little is known about the composition and function of the SNARE complex during pollen tube tip growth. In this study, we constructed a double mutant vamp725 vamp726 via CRISPR‒Cas9. Fluorescence labeling combined with microscopic observation, luciferase complementation imaging, co-immunoprecipitation and GST pull-down were applied in the study. We show that double mutation of the R-SNAREs VAMP726 and VAMP725 significantly inhibits pollen tube growth in Arabidopsis and slows vesicle exocytosis at the apex of the pollen tube. GFP-VAMP726 and VAMP725-GFP localize mainly to secretory vesicles and the plasma membrane at the apex of the pollen tube. In addition, fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) experiments showed that mCherry-VAMP726 colocalizes with Qa-SNARE SYP131 in the central region of the pollen tube apical plasma membrane. Furthermore, we found that VAMP726 and VAMP725 can interact with the SYP131. Based on these results, we suggest that VAMP726/VAMP725 and SYP131 can form a part of a SNARE complex to mediate vesicle secretion at the pollen tube apex, and vesicle secretion may mainly occur at the central region of the pollen tube apical plasma membrane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Dandan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Fuli Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yadan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jianji Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ruan H, Wang T, Ren H, Zhang Y. AtFH5-labeled secretory vesicles-dependent calcium oscillation drives exocytosis and stepwise bulge during pollen germination. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113319. [PMID: 37897722 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Pollen germination is an essential step for delivering sperm cells to the embryo sac for double fertilization in flowering plants. The cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]cyt) and vesicle dynamics are critical for pollen germination, but their potential correlation in pollen grains is not fully understood. Here, we report that [Ca2+]cyt oscillates periodically at the prospective germination sites during pollen germination. The [Ca2+]cyt is mainly from extracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]ext) influx, which implicates the Ca2+-permeable ion channel cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 18 (CNGC18). The [Ca2+]cyt oscillations spatiotemporally correlate with the accumulation of secretory vesicles labeled by a formin protein AtFH5, and disruption of vesicle accumulation inhibits the [Ca2+]cyt oscillations. In turn, the [Ca2+]cyt oscillations promote exocytosis, which leads to stepwise cell extension during pollen germination. Together, these data provide a timeline of vesicle dynamics, calcium oscillation, and exocytosis during pollen germination and highlight the importance of the correlation of these events for pollen germination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huaqiang Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Center for Biological Science and Technology, Zhuhai-Macao Biotechnology Joint Laboratory, Advanced Institute of Natural Science, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Haiyun Ren
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Center for Biological Science and Technology, Zhuhai-Macao Biotechnology Joint Laboratory, Advanced Institute of Natural Science, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chen Y, Liu J, Kang S, Wei D, Fan Y, Xiang M, Liu X. A palisade-shaped membrane reservoir is required for rapid ring cell inflation in Drechslerella dactyloides. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7376. [PMID: 37968349 PMCID: PMC10651832 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43235-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Fusion of individual vesicles carrying membrane-building materials with the plasma membrane (PM) enables gradual cell expansion and shape change. Constricting ring (CR) cells of carnivorous fungi triple in size within 0.1-1 s to capture passing nematodes. Here, we investigated how a carnivorous fungus, Drechslerella dactyloides, executes rapid and irreversible PM expansion during CR inflation. During CR maturation, vesicles carrying membrane-building materials accumulate and fuse, forming a structure named the Palisade-shaped Membrane-building Structure (PMS) around the rumen side of ring cells. After CR inflation, the PMS disappears, with partially inflated cells displaying wavy PM and fully inflated cells exhibiting smooth PM, suggesting that the PMS serves as the reservoir for membrane-building materials to enable rapid and extensive PM expansion. The DdSnc1, a v-SNARE protein, accumulates at the inner side of ring cells and is necessary for PMS formation and CR inflation. This study elucidates the unique cellular mechanisms underpinning rapid CR inflation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Microbiology, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Microbiology, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Seogchan Kang
- Department of Plant Pathology & Environmental Microbiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Dongsheng Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Microbiology, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yani Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Meichun Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Xingzhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Microbiology, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Müller S. Update: on selected ROP cell polarity mechanisms in plant cell morphogenesis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 193:26-41. [PMID: 37070572 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The unequal (asymmetric) distribution of cell structures and proteins within a cell is designated as cell polarity. Cell polarity is a crucial prerequisite for morphogenetic processes such as oriented cell division and directed cell expansion. Rho-related GTPase from plants (ROPs) are required for cellular morphogenesis through the reorganization of the cytoskeleton and vesicle transport in various tissues. Here, I review recent advances in ROP-dependent tip growth, vesicle transport, and tip architecture. I report on the regulatory mechanisms of ROP upstream regulators found in different cell types. It appears that these regulators assemble in nanodomains with specific lipid compositions and recruit ROPs for activation in a stimulus-dependent manner. Current models link mechanosensing/mechanotransduction to ROP polarity signaling involved in feedback mechanisms via the cytoskeleton. Finally, I discuss ROP signaling components that are upregulated by tissue-specific transcription factors and exhibit specific localization patterns during cell division, clearly suggesting ROP signaling in division plane alignment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Müller
- Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Meng JG, Xu YJ, Wang WQ, Yang F, Chen SY, Jia PF, Yang WC, Li HJ. Central-cell-produced attractants control fertilization recovery. Cell 2023; 186:3593-3605.e12. [PMID: 37516107 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Animal fertilization relies on hundreds of sperm racing toward the egg, whereas, in angiosperms, only two sperm cells are delivered by a pollen tube to the female gametes (egg cell and central cell) for double fertilization. However, unsuccessful fertilization under this one-pollen-tube design can be detrimental to seed production and plant survival. To mitigate this risk, unfertilized-gamete-controlled extra pollen tube entry has been evolved to bring more sperm cells and salvage fertilization. Despite its importance, the underlying molecular mechanism of this phenomenon remains unclear. In this study, we report that, in Arabidopsis, the central cell secretes peptides SALVAGER1 and SALVAGER2 in a directional manner to attract pollen tubes when the synergid-dependent attraction fails or is terminated by pollen tubes carrying infertile sperm cells. Moreover, loss of SALs impairs the fertilization recovery capacity of the ovules. Therefore, this research uncovers a female gamete-attraction system that salvages seed production for reproductive assurance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Guo Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yin-Jiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei-Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shu-Yan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Peng-Fei Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Wei-Cai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hong-Ju Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kapoor K, Geitmann A. Pollen tube invasive growth is promoted by callose. PLANT REPRODUCTION 2023; 36:157-171. [PMID: 36717422 DOI: 10.1007/s00497-023-00458-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Callose, a β-1,3-glucan, lines the pollen tube cell wall except for the apical growing region, and it constitutes the main polysaccharide in pollen tube plugs. These regularly deposited plugs separate the active portion of the pollen tube cytoplasm from the degenerating cell segments. They have been hypothesized to reduce the total amount of cell volume requiring turgor regulation, thus aiding the invasive growth mechanism. To test this, we characterized the growth pattern of Arabidopsis callose synthase mutants with altered callose deposition patterns. Mutant pollen tubes without callose wall lining or plugs had a wider diameter but grew slower compared to their respective wildtype. To probe the pollen tube's ability to perform durotropism in the absence of callose, we performed mechanical assays such as growth in stiffened media and assessed turgor through incipient plasmolysis. We found that mutants lacking plugs had lower invading capacity and higher turgor pressure when faced with a mechanically challenging substrate. To explain this unexpected elevation in turgor pressure in the callose synthase mutants we suspected that it is enabled by feedback-driven increased levels of de-esterified pectin and/or cellulose in the tube cell wall. Through immunolabeling we tested this hypothesis and found that the content and spatial distribution of these cell wall polysaccharides was altered in callose-deficient mutant pollen tubes. Combined, the results reveal how callose contributes to the pollen tube's invasive capacity and thus plays an important role in fertilization. In order to understand, how the pollen tube deposits callose, we examined the involvement of the actin cytoskeleton in the spatial targeting of callose synthases to the cell surface. The spatial proximity of actin with locations of callose deposition and the dramatic effect of pharmacological interference with actin polymerization suggest a potential role for the cytoskeleton in the spatial control of the characteristic wall assembly process in pollen tubes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karuna Kapoor
- Department of Plant Science, McGill University, Macdonald Campus, 21111 Lakeshore, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Québec, H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Anja Geitmann
- Department of Plant Science, McGill University, Macdonald Campus, 21111 Lakeshore, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Québec, H9X 3V9, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Weng X, Shen Y, Jiang L, Zhao L, Wang H. Spatiotemporal organization and correlation of tip-focused exocytosis and endocytosis in regulating pollen tube tip growth. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 330:111633. [PMID: 36775070 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Pollen tube polar growth is a key cellular process during plant fertilization and is regulated by tip-focused exocytosis and endocytosis. However, the spatiotemporal dynamics and localizations of apical exocytosis and endocytosis in the tip region are still a matter of debate. Here, we use a refined spinning-disk confocal microscope coupled with fluorescence recovery after photobleaching for sustained live imaging and quantitative analysis of rapid vesicular activities in growing pollen tube tips. We traced and analyzed the occurrence site of exocytic plasma membrane-targeting of Arabidopsis secretory carrier membrane protein 4 and its subsequent endocytosis in tobacco pollen tube tips. We demonstrated that the pollen tube apex is the site for both vesicle polar exocytic fusion and endocytosis to take place. In addition, we disrupted either tip-focused exocytosis or endocytosis and found that their dynamic activities are closely correlated with one another basing on the spatial organization of actin fringe. Collectively, our findings attempt to propose a new exocytosis and endocytosis-coordinated yin-yang working model underlying the apical membrane organization and dynamics during pollen tube tip growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xun Weng
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yifan Shen
- Utahloy International School of Guangzhou, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Liwen Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell and Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China; Institute of Plant Molecular Biology & Agricultural Biotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lifeng Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Hao Wang
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Fan T, Fan Y, Yang Y, Qian D, Niu Y, An L, Xiang Y. SEC1A and SEC6 synergistically regulate pollen tube polar growth. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 36951316 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Pollen tube polar growth is a key physiological activity for angiosperms to complete double fertilization, which is highly dependent on the transport of polar substances mediated by secretory vesicles. The exocyst and Sec1/Munc18 (SM) proteins are involved in the regulation of the tethering and fusion of vesicles and plasma membranes, but the molecular mechanism by which they regulate pollen tube polar growth is still unclear. In this study, we found that loss of function of SEC1A, a member of the SM protein family in Arabidopsis thaliana, resulted in reducing pollen tube growth and a significant increase in pollen tube width. SEC1A was diffusely distributed in the pollen tube cytoplasm, and was more concentrated at the tip of the pollen tube. Through co-immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry screening, protein interaction analysis and in vivo microscopy, we found that SEC1A interacted with the exocyst subunit SEC6, and they mutually affected the distribution and secretion rate at the tip of the pollen tube. Meanwhile, the functional loss of SEC1A and SEC6 significantly affected the distribution of the SNARE (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor) complex member SYP125 at the tip of the pollen tube, and led to the disorder of pollen tube cell wall components. Genetic analysis revealed that the pollen tube-related phenotype of the sec1a sec6 double mutant was significantly enhanced compared with their respective single mutants. Therefore, we speculated that SEC1A and SEC6 cooperatively regulate the fusion of secretory vesicles and plasma membranes in pollen tubes, thereby affecting the length and the width of pollen tubes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Fan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yuemin Fan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yang Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Dong Qian
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yue Niu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Lizhe An
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yun Xiang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Cui M, Li Y, Li J, Yin F, Chen X, Qin L, Wei L, Xia G, Liu S. Ca 2+-dependent TaCCD1 cooperates with TaSAUR215 to enhance plasma membrane H +-ATPase activity and alkali stress tolerance by inhibiting PP2C-mediated dephosphorylation of TaHA2 in wheat. MOLECULAR PLANT 2023; 16:571-587. [PMID: 36681864 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2023.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Alkali stress is a major constraint for crop production in many regions of saline-alkali land. However, little is known about the mechanisms through which wheat responds to alkali stress. In this study, we identified a calcium ion-binding protein from wheat, TaCCD1, which is critical for regulating the plasma membrane (PM) H+-ATPase-mediated alkali stress response. PM H+-ATPase activity is closely related to alkali tolerance in the wheat variety Shanrong 4 (SR4). We found that two D-clade type 2C protein phosphatases, TaPP2C.D1 and TaPP2C.D8 (TaPP2C.D1/8), negatively modulate alkali stress tolerance by dephosphorylating the penultimate threonine residue (Thr926) of TaHA2 and thereby inhibiting PM H+-ATPase activity. Alkali stress induces the expression of TaCCD1 in SR4, and TaCCD1 interacts with TaSAUR215, an early auxin-responsive protein. These responses are both dependent on calcium signaling triggered by alkali stress. TaCCD1 enhances the inhibitory effect of TaSAUR215 on TaPP2C.D1/8 activity, thereby promoting the activity of the PM H+-ATPase TaHA2 and alkali stress tolerance in wheat. Functional and genetic analyses verified the effects of these genes in response to alkali stress, indicating that TaPP2C.D1/8 function downstream of TaSAUR215 and TaCCD1. Collectively, this study uncovers a new signaling pathway that regulates wheat responses to alkali stress, in which Ca2+-dependent TaCCD1 cooperates with TaSAUR215 to enhance PM H+-ATPase activity and alkali stress tolerance by inhibiting TaPP2C.D1/8-mediated dephosphorylation of PM H+-ATPase TaHA2 in wheat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minghan Cui
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yanping Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Jianhang Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Fengxiang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xiangyu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Lumin Qin
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Lin Wei
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Guangmin Xia
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Shuwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Yan H, Zhuang M, Xu X, Li S, Yang M, Li N, Du X, Hu K, Peng X, Huang W, Wu H, Tse YC, Zhao L, Wang H. Autophagy and its mediated mitochondrial quality control maintain pollen tube growth and male fertility in Arabidopsis. Autophagy 2023; 19:768-783. [PMID: 35786359 PMCID: PMC9980518 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2095838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy/autophagy, a major catabolic pathway in eukaryotes, participates in plant sexual reproduction including the processes of male gametogenesis and the self-incompatibility response. Rapid pollen tube growth is another essential reproductive process that is metabolically highly demanding to drive the vigorous cell growth for delivery of male gametes for fertilization in angiosperms. Whether and how autophagy operates to maintain the homeostasis of pollen tubes remains unknown. Here, we provide evidence that autophagy is elevated in growing pollen tubes and critically required during pollen tube growth and male fertility in Arabidopsis. We demonstrate that SH3P2, a critical non-ATG regulator of plant autophagy, colocalizes with representative ATG proteins during autophagosome biogenesis in growing pollen tubes. Downregulation of SH3P2 expression significantly disrupts Arabidopsis pollen germination and pollen tube growth. Further analysis of organelle dynamics reveals crosstalk between autophagosomes and prevacuolar compartments following the inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. In addition, time-lapse imaging and tracking of ATG8e-labeled autophagosomes and depolarized mitochondria demonstrate that they interact specifically via the ATG8-family interacting motif (AIM)-docking site to mediate mitophagy. Ultrastructural identification of mitophagosomes and two additional forms of autophagosomes imply that multiple types of autophagy are likely to function simultaneously within pollen tubes. Altogether, our results suggest that autophagy is functionally crucial for mediating mitochondrial quality control and canonical cytoplasm recycling during pollen tube growth.Abbreviations: AIM: ATG8-family interacting motif; ATG8: autophagy related 8; ATG5: autophagy related 5; ATG7: autophagy related 7; BTH: acibenzolar-S-methyl; DEX: dexamethasone; DNP: 2,4-dinitrophenol; GFP: green fluorescent protein; YFP: yellow fluorescent protein; PtdIns3K: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; PtdIns3P: phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate; PVC: prevacuolar compartment; SH3P2: SH3 domain-containing protein 2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- He Yan
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Hong Kong, China
| | - Menglong Zhuang
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoyu Xu
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mingkang Yang
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Hong Kong, China.,State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou null China
| | - Nianle Li
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaojuan Du
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kangwei Hu
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaomin Peng
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Hong Kong, China.,State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou null China
| | - Hong Wu
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Hong Kong, China.,State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou null China
| | - Yu Chung Tse
- Core Research Facilities, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Lifeng Zhao
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Takatsuka H, Higaki T, Ito M. At the Nexus between Cytoskeleton and Vacuole: How Plant Cytoskeletons Govern the Dynamics of Large Vacuoles. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044143. [PMID: 36835552 PMCID: PMC9967756 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Large vacuoles are a predominant cell organelle throughout the plant body. They maximally account for over 90% of cell volume and generate turgor pressure that acts as a driving force of cell growth, which is essential for plant development. The plant vacuole also acts as a reservoir for sequestering waste products and apoptotic enzymes, thereby enabling plants to rapidly respond to fluctuating environments. Vacuoles undergo dynamic transformation through repeated enlargement, fusion, fragmentation, invagination, and constriction, eventually resulting in the typical 3-dimensional complex structure in each cell type. Previous studies have indicated that such dynamic transformations of plant vacuoles are governed by the plant cytoskeletons, which consist of F-actin and microtubules. However, the molecular mechanism of cytoskeleton-mediated vacuolar modifications remains largely unclear. Here we first review the behavior of cytoskeletons and vacuoles during plant development and in response to environmental stresses, and then introduce candidates that potentially play pivotal roles in the vacuole-cytoskeleton nexus. Finally, we discuss factors hampering the advances in this research field and their possible solutions using the currently available cutting-edge technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hirotomo Takatsuka
- School of Biological Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
- Correspondence:
| | - Takumi Higaki
- Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
- International Research Organization for Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Masaki Ito
- School of Biological Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ramos Aguila LC, Sánchez Moreano JP, Akutse KS, Bamisile BS, Liu J, Haider FU, Ashraf HJ, Wang L. Comprehensive genome-wide identification and expression profiling of ADF gene family in Citrus sinensis, induced by endophytic colonization of Beauveria bassiana. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 225:886-898. [PMID: 36403770 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Endophytic entomopathogenic species are known to systematically colonize host plants and form symbiotic associations that benefit the plants they live with. The actin-depolymerizing factors (ADFs) are a group of gene family that regulate growth, development, and defense-related functions in plants. Systematic studies of ADF family at the genome-wide level and their expression in response to endophytic colonization are essential to understand its functions but are currently lacking in this field. 14ADF genes were identified and characterized in the Citrus sinensis genome. The ADF genes of C. sinensis were classified into five groups according to the phylogenetic analysis of plant ADFs. Additionally, the cis-acting analysis revealed that these genes play essential role in plant growth/development, phytohormone, and biotic and abiotic responses; and the expression analysis showed that the symbiotic interactions generate a significant expression regulation level of ADF genes in leaves, stems and roots, compared to controls; thus enhancing seedlings' growth. Additionally, the 3D structures of the ADF domain were highly conserved during evolution. These results will be helpful for further functional validation of ADFs candidate genes and provide important insights into the vegetative growth, development and stress tolerance of C. sinensis in responses to endophytic colonization by B. bassiana.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Carlos Ramos Aguila
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Biochemistry, MOE, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Jessica Paola Sánchez Moreano
- Carrera de Agroecología, Facultad de Ciencias Socio-Ambientales, Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, Tena 150102, Ecuador
| | - Komivi Senyo Akutse
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, P.O. Box 30772-00100, Kenya
| | - Bamisope Steve Bamisile
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Juxiu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Fasih Ullah Haider
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Hafiza Javaira Ashraf
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Biochemistry, MOE, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Liande Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Biochemistry, MOE, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Differential effects of low and high temperature stress on pollen germination and tube length of mango (Mangifera indica L.) genotypes. Sci Rep 2023; 13:611. [PMID: 36635467 PMCID: PMC9837111 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27917-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Mango flowering is highly sensitive to temperature changes. In this research, the maximum values of pollen germination rate (PGR), pollen tube length (PTL) and their cardinal temperatures (Tmin, Topt and Tmax) were estimated by using quadratic equation and modified bilinear model under the conditions of 14-36 °C. The pollen germination rate in four mango varieties ranged from 29.1% ('Apple mango') to 35.5% ('Renong No. 1'); the length of pollen tube ranged from 51.2 μm ('Deshehari') to 56.6 μm ('Jinhuang'). The cardinal temperatures ranges (Tmin, Topt and Tmax) of pollen germination were 20.3-22.8 °C, 26.7-30.6 °C and 30.4-34.3 °C, respectively; similarly, cardinal temperatures (Tmin, Topt and Tmax) of pollen tube growth were 20.3-21.2 °C, 27.9-32.1 °C and 30.2-34.4 °C respectively. Of those, 'Renong No. 1' could maintain relatively high pollen germination rate even at 30 °C, however, 'Deshehari' had the narrowest adaptive temperature range. These results were further confirmed by changes of superoxide dismutase, catalase activity and malondialdehyde content. These results showed that mango flowering was highly sensitive to temperature changes and there were significant differences in pollen germination rate and pollen tube length among different varieties. Current research results were of great significance for the introduction of new mango varieties in different ecological regions, the cultivation and management of mango at the flowering stage and the breeding of new mango varieties.
Collapse
|
20
|
Stroppa N, Onelli E, Moreau P, Maneta-Peyret L, Berno V, Cammarota E, Ambrosini R, Caccianiga M, Scali M, Moscatelli A. Sterols and Sphingolipids as New Players in Cell Wall Building and Apical Growth of Nicotiana tabacum L. Pollen Tubes. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:8. [PMID: 36616135 PMCID: PMC9824051 DOI: 10.3390/plants12010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Pollen tubes are tip-growing cells that create safe routes to convey sperm cells to the embryo sac for double fertilization. Recent studies have purified and biochemically characterized detergent-insoluble membranes from tobacco pollen tubes. These microdomains, called lipid rafts, are rich in sterols and sphingolipids and are involved in cell polarization in organisms evolutionarily distant, such as fungi and mammals. The presence of actin in tobacco pollen tube detergent-insoluble membranes and the preferential distribution of these domains on the apical plasma membrane encouraged us to formulate the intriguing hypothesis that sterols and sphingolipids could be a "trait d'union" between actin dynamics and polarized secretion at the tip. To unravel the role of sterols and sphingolipids in tobacco pollen tube growth, we used squalestatin and myriocin, inhibitors of sterol and sphingolipid biosynthesis, respectively, to determine whether lipid modifications affect actin fringe morphology and dynamics, leading to changes in clear zone organization and cell wall deposition, thus suggesting a role played by these lipids in successful fertilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Stroppa
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Onelli
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Patrick Moreau
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, University of Bordeaux, UMR 5200, 71 Avenue Edouard Bourlaux, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Lilly Maneta-Peyret
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, University of Bordeaux, UMR 5200, 71 Avenue Edouard Bourlaux, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Valeria Berno
- ALEMBIC Advanced Light and Electron Microscopy BioImaging Center, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, DIBIT 1, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Eugenia Cammarota
- ALEMBIC Advanced Light and Electron Microscopy BioImaging Center, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, DIBIT 1, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Ambrosini
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Caccianiga
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Scali
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Alessandra Moscatelli
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Lee SK, Lee SM, Kim MH, Park SK, Jung KH. Genome-Wide Analysis of Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Channel Genes Related to Pollen Development in Rice. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11223145. [PMID: 36432876 PMCID: PMC9692566 DOI: 10.3390/plants11223145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In the angiosperm, pollen germinates and rapidly expands the pollen tube toward the ovule. This process is important for plant double fertilization and seed setting. It is well known that the tip-focused calcium gradient is essential for pollen germination and pollen tube growth. However, little is known about the Ca2+ channels that play a role in rice pollen germination and tube growth. Here, we divided the 16 cyclic nucleotide-gated channel (CNGC) genes from rice into five subgroups and found two subgroups (clades II and III) have pollen-preferential genes. Then, we performed a meta-expression analysis of all OsCNGC genes in anatomical samples and identified three pollen-preferred OsCNGCs (OsCNGC4, OsCNGC5, and OsCNGC8). The subcellular localization of these OsCNGC proteins is matched with their roles as ion channels on the plasma membrane. Unlike other OsCNGCs, these genes have a unique cis-acting element in the promoter. OsCNGC4 can act by forming a homomeric complex or a heteromeric complex with OsCNGC5 or OsCNGC8. In addition, it was suggested that they can form a multi-complex with Mildew Resistance Locus O (MLO) protein or other types of ion transporters, and that their expression can be modulated by Ruptured Pollen tube (RUPO) encoding receptor-like kinase. These results shed light on understanding the regulatory mechanisms of pollen germination and pollen tube growth through calcium channels in rice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Su-Kyoung Lee
- Graduate School of Green-Bio Science and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Min Lee
- Graduate School of Green-Bio Science and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Hee Kim
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Ki Park
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Hong Jung
- Graduate School of Green-Bio Science and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Serrano N, Pejchar P, Soukupová H, Hubálek M, Potocký M. Comprehensive analysis of glycerolipid dynamics during tobacco pollen germination and pollen tube growth. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1028311. [PMID: 36426152 PMCID: PMC9679300 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1028311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pollen germination and subsequent pollen tube elongation are essential for successful land plant reproduction. These processes are achieved through well-documented activation of membrane trafficking and cell metabolism. Despite this, our knowledge of the dynamics of cellular phospholipids remains scarce. Here we present the turnover of the glycerolipid composition during the establishment of cell polarity and elongation processes in tobacco pollen and show the lipid composition of pollen plasma membrane-enriched fraction for the first time. To achieve this, we have combined several techniques, such as lipidomics, plasma membrane isolation, and live-cell microscopy, and performed a study with different time points during the pollen germination and pollen tube growth. Our results showed that tobacco pollen tubes undergo substantial changes in their whole-cell lipid composition during the pollen germination and growth, finding differences in most of the glycerolipids analyzed. Notably, while lysophospholipid levels decrease during germination and growth, phosphatidic acid increases significantly at cell polarity establishment and continues with similar abundance in cell elongation. We corroborated these findings by measuring several phospholipase activities in situ. We also observed that lysophospholipids and phosphatidic acid are more abundant in the plasma membrane-enriched fraction than that in the whole cell. Our results support the important role for the phosphatidic acid in the establishment and maintenance of cellular polarity in tobacco pollen tubes and indicate that plasma membrane lysophospholipids may be involved in pollen germination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Serrano
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Přemysl Pejchar
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Hana Soukupová
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Martin Hubálek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Martin Potocký
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Municio-Diaz C, Muller E, Drevensek S, Fruleux A, Lorenzetti E, Boudaoud A, Minc N. Mechanobiology of the cell wall – insights from tip-growing plant and fungal cells. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:280540. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The cell wall (CW) is a thin and rigid layer encasing the membrane of all plant and fungal cells. It ensures mechanical integrity by bearing mechanical stresses derived from large cytoplasmic turgor pressure, contacts with growing neighbors or growth within restricted spaces. The CW is made of polysaccharides and proteins, but is dynamic in nature, changing composition and geometry during growth, reproduction or infection. Such continuous and often rapid remodeling entails risks of enhanced stress and consequent damages or fractures, raising the question of how the CW detects and measures surface mechanical stress and how it strengthens to ensure surface integrity? Although early studies in model fungal and plant cells have identified homeostatic pathways required for CW integrity, recent methodologies are now allowing the measurement of pressure and local mechanical properties of CWs in live cells, as well as addressing how forces and stresses can be detected at the CW surface, fostering the emergence of the field of CW mechanobiology. Here, using tip-growing cells of plants and fungi as case study models, we review recent progress on CW mechanosensation and mechanical regulation, and their implications for the control of cell growth, morphogenesis and survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Celia Municio-Diaz
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod 1 , F-75006 Paris , France
- Equipe Labellisée LIGUE Contre le Cancer 2 , 75013 Paris , France
| | - Elise Muller
- LadHyX, CNRS, Ecole polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris 3 , 91128 Palaiseau Cedex , France
| | - Stéphanie Drevensek
- LadHyX, CNRS, Ecole polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris 3 , 91128 Palaiseau Cedex , France
| | - Antoine Fruleux
- LPTMS, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay 4 , 91405 Orsay , France
| | - Enrico Lorenzetti
- LadHyX, CNRS, Ecole polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris 3 , 91128 Palaiseau Cedex , France
| | - Arezki Boudaoud
- LadHyX, CNRS, Ecole polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris 3 , 91128 Palaiseau Cedex , France
| | - Nicolas Minc
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod 1 , F-75006 Paris , France
- Equipe Labellisée LIGUE Contre le Cancer 2 , 75013 Paris , France
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Medina MC, Sousa-Baena MS, Van Sluys MA, Demarco D. Laticifer growth pattern is guided by cytoskeleton organization. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:971235. [PMID: 36262651 PMCID: PMC9574190 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.971235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Laticifers are secretory structures that produce latex, forming a specialized defense system against herbivory. Studies using anatomical approaches to investigate laticifer growth patterns have described their origin; however, their mode of growth, i.e., whether growth is intrusive or diffuse, remains unclear. Studies investigating how cytoskeleton filaments may influence laticifer shape establishment and growth patterns are lacking. In this study, we combined microtubule immunostaining and developmental anatomy to investigate the growth patterns in different types of laticifers. Standard anatomical methods were used to study laticifer development. Microtubules were labelled through immunolocalization of α-tubulin in three types of laticifers from three different plant species: nonanastomosing (Urvillea ulmacea), anastomosing unbranched with partial degradation of terminal cell walls (Ipomoea nil), and anastomosing branched laticifers with early and complete degradation of terminal cell walls (Asclepias curassavica). In both nonanastomosing and anastomosing laticifers, as well as in differentiating meristematic cells, parenchyma cells and idioblasts, microtubules were perpendicularly aligned to the cell growth axis. The analyses of laticifer microtubule orientation revealed an arrangement that corresponds to those cells that grow diffusely within the plant body. Nonanastomosing and anastomosing laticifers, branched or not, have a pattern which indicates diffuse growth. This innovative study on secretory structures represents a major advance in the knowledge of laticifers and their growth mode.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Diego Demarco
- *Correspondence: Maria Camila Medina, ; Diego Demarco,
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Shang X, Duan Y, Zhao M, Zhu L, Liu H, He Q, Yu Y, Li W, Amjid MW, Ruan YL, Guo W. GhRabA4c coordinates cell elongation via regulating actin filament–dependent vesicle transport. Life Sci Alliance 2022; 5:5/10/e202201450. [PMID: 36271510 PMCID: PMC9449706 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
GhRabA4c is required for cotton fiber cell elongation via functioning in actin filament assembly and bundling, vesicle transport, and deposition of multiple cell wall components. Plant cell expands via a tip growth or diffuse growth mode. In plants, RabA is the largest group of Rab GTPases that regulate vesicle trafficking. The functions of RabA protein in modulating polarized expansion in tip growth cells have been demonstrated. However, whether and how RabA protein functions in diffuse growth plant cells have never been explored. Here, we addressed this question by examining the role of GhRabA4c in cotton fibers. GhRabA4c was preferentially expressed in elongating fibers with its protein localized to endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. Over- and down-expression of GhRabA4c in cotton lead to longer and shorter fibers, respectively. GhRabA4c interacted with GhACT4 to promote the assembly of actin filament to facilitate vesicle transport for cell wall synthesis. Consistently, GhRabA4c-overexpressed fibers exhibited increased content of wall components and the transcript levels of the genes responsible for the synthesis of cell wall materials. We further identified two MYB proteins that directly regulate the transcription of GhRabA4c. Collectively, our data showed that GhRabA4c promotes diffused cell expansion by supporting vesicle trafficking and cell wall synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoguang Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production Co-sponsored by Province and Ministry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- The Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yujia Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meiyue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- The Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lijie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hanqiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qingfei He
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- The Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yujia Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- The Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weixi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Muhammad Waqas Amjid
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong-Ling Ruan
- Plant Science Division, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Wangzhen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production Co-sponsored by Province and Ministry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- The Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zhou Z, Zheng S, Haq SIU, Zheng D, Qiu QS. Regulation of pollen tube growth by cellular pH and ions. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 277:153792. [PMID: 35973258 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Tip growth of the pollen tube is a model system for the study of cell polarity establishment in flowering plants. The tip growth of the pollen tube displays an oscillating pattern corresponding to cellular ion and pH dynamics. Therefore, cellular pH and ions play an important role in pollen growth and development. In this review, we summarized the current advances in understanding the function of cellular pH and ions in regulating pollen tube growth. We analyzed the physiological roles and underlying mechanisms of cellular pH and ions, including Ca2+, K+, and Cl-, in regulating pollen tube growth. We further examined the function of Ca2+ in regulating cytoskeletons, small G proteins, and cell wall development in relation to pollen tube growth. We also examined the regulatory roles of cellular pH in pollen tube growth as well as pH regulation of ion flow, cell wall development, auxin signaling, and cytoskeleton function in pollen. In addition, we assessed the regulation of pollen tube growth by proton pumps and the maintenance of pH homeostasis in the trans-Golgi network by ion transporters. The interplay of ion homeostasis and pH dynamics was also assessed. We discussed the unanswered questions regarding pollen tube growth that need to be addressed in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenguo Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 73000, China.
| | - Sheng Zheng
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, China; Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, Qinghai, 810016, China
| | - Syed Inzimam Ul Haq
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 73000, China
| | - Dianfeng Zheng
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
| | - Quan-Sheng Qiu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 73000, China; Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, Qinghai, 810016, China; College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Yang Y, Niu Y, Chen T, Zhang H, Zhang J, Qian D, Bi M, Fan Y, An L, Xiang Y. The phospholipid flippase ALA3 regulates pollen tube growth and guidance in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:3718-3736. [PMID: 35861414 PMCID: PMC9516151 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Pollen tube guidance regulates the growth direction and ovule targeting of pollen tubes in pistils, which is crucial for the completion of sexual reproduction in flowering plants. The Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) pollen-specific receptor kinase (PRK) family members PRK3 and PRK6 are specifically tip-localized and essential for pollen tube growth and guidance. However, the mechanisms controlling the polar localization of PRKs at the pollen tube tip are unclear. The Arabidopsis P4-ATPase ALA3 helps establish the polar localization of apical phosphatidylserine (PS) in pollen tubes. Here, we discovered that loss of ALA3 function caused pollen tube defects in growth and ovule targeting and significantly affected the polar localization pattern of PRK3 and PRK6. Both PRK3 and PRK6 contain two polybasic clusters in the intracellular juxtamembrane domain, and they bound to PS in vitro. PRK3 and PRK6 with polybasic cluster mutations showed reduced or abolished binding to PS and altered polar localization patterns, and they failed to effectively complement the pollen tube-related phenotypes of prk mutants. These results suggest that ALA3 influences the precise localization of PRK3, PRK6, and other PRKs by regulating the distribution of PS, which plays a key role in regulating pollen tube growth and guidance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tao Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hongkai Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jingxia Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Dong Qian
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Mengmeng Bi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yuemin Fan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Lizhe An
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Taya K, Takeuchi S, Takahashi M, Hayashi KI, Mikami K. Auxin Regulates Apical Stem Cell Regeneration and Tip Growth in the Marine Red Alga Neopyropia yezoensis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11172652. [PMID: 36078060 PMCID: PMC9454478 DOI: 10.3390/cells11172652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The red alga Neopyropia yezoensis undergoes polarized elongation and asymmetrical cell division of the apical stem cell during tip growth in filamentous generations of its life cycle: the conchocelis and conchosporangium. Side branches are also produced via tip growth, a process involving the regeneration and asymmetrical division of the apical stem cell. Here, we demonstrate that auxin plays a crucial role in these processes by using the auxin antagonist 2-(1H-Indol-3-yl)-4-oxo-4-phenyl-butyric acid (PEO-IAA), which specifically blocks the activity of the auxin receptor TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESPONSE1 (TIR1) in land plants. PEO-IAA repressed both the regeneration and polarized tip growth of the apical stem cell in single-celled conchocelis; this phenomenon was reversed by treatment with the auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). In addition, tip growth of the conchosporangium was accelerated by IAA treatment but repressed by PEO-IAA treatment. These findings indicate that auxin regulates polarized tip cell growth and that an auxin receptor-like protein is present in N. yezoensis. The sensitivity to different 5-alkoxy-IAA analogs differs considerably between N. yezoensis and Arabidopsis thaliana. N. yezoensis lacks a gene encoding TIR1, indicating that its auxin receptor-like protein differs from the auxin receptor of terrestrial plants. These findings shed light on auxin-induced mechanisms and the regulation of tip growth in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kensuke Taya
- Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato-cho, Hakodate 041-8611, Japan
| | - Shunzei Takeuchi
- School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato-cho, Hakodate 041-8611, Japan
| | - Megumu Takahashi
- Faculty of Bio-Industry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 196 Yasaka, Abashiri 099-2493, Japan
| | - Ken-ichiro Hayashi
- Department of Bioscience, Okayama University of Science, 1-1 Ridaicho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-0005, Japan
| | - Koji Mikami
- School of Food Industrial Sciences, Miyagi University, 2-2-1 Hatatate, Taihaku-ku, Sendai 982-0215, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-22-245-1411
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Jin Z, Li T, Zhou Y, Huang Y, Ning C, Xu J, Hicks G, Raikhel N, Xiang Y, Li R. Small molecule RHP1 promotes root hair tip growth by acting upstream of the RHD6-RSL4-dependent transcriptional pathway and ROP signaling in plants. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 110:1636-1650. [PMID: 35388535 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Root hairs are single-cell projections in the root epidermis. The presence of root hairs greatly expands the root surface, which facilitates soil anchorage and the absorption of water and nutrients. Root hairs are also the ideal system to study the mechanism of polar growth. Previous research has identified many important factors that control different stages of root hair development. Using a chemical genetics screen, in this study we report the identification of a steroid molecule, RHP1, which promotes root hair growth at nanomolar concentrations without obvious change of other developmental processes. We further demonstrate that RHP1 specifically affects tip growth with no significant influence on cell fate or planar polarity. We also show that RHP1 promotes root hair tip growth via acting upstream of the RHD6-RSL4-dependent transcriptional pathway and ROP GTPase-guided local signaling. Finally, we demonstrate that RHP1 exhibits a wide range of effects on different plant species in both monocots and dicots. This study of RHP1 will not only help to dissect the mechanism of root hair tip growth, but also provide a new tool to modify root hair growth in different plant species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongcai Jin
- Harbin institute of Technology, Heilongjiang, 150001, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Plant and Food Science, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Tian Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yuelong Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yuanzhi Huang
- Harbin institute of Technology, Heilongjiang, 150001, China
| | - Chengqing Ning
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Glenn Hicks
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Center for Plant Cell Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Natasha Raikhel
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Center for Plant Cell Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Yun Xiang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Ruixi Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Plant and Food Science, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Shakeel A, Khan AA, Upadhyay SK. Eco-friendly dual-edged management of fly ash and its antagonistic interplay with Meloidogyne incognita on beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.). ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 209:112767. [PMID: 35085562 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.112767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Fly ash (FA) management is a key concern of ecologists around the world, so its potential as a nutritional supplement for agro-ecosystems needs to be explored. Therefore, alternate techniques that are eco-friendly to manage this emerging dual-edged waste are preferable in this field. The current study sought to determine the soil-modifying, crop yield improvement, and nematicidal properties of FA. In this study, beetroot seeds were sown in pots comprising field soil amended with differing proportions of FA (w/w) revealed the bio-fold properties of FA. Biomineralization and mapping of elements revealed that increased nutritional elements in soil supplemented with 15% FA induced growth-performance and yield of beetroot. Molecularly and morphologically characterized Meloidogyne incognita was used as nematode in this study for optimization of nematicidal properties FA. Plant growth performance, photosynthetic pigments, and yield of beetroot were significantly reduced owing to M. incognita as compared to control (un-treated and un-inoculated), and 15% FA reversed the negative effect of M. incognita significantly (P < 0.05) as compared to control plants. Confocal laser microscopy confirmed that 15% FA augmented in soil reduced nematode-juvenile invasion in beetroot as compared with control. The PCA (principal component analysis) accounted for 98.63% and 98.8% for the total-data variability in plants without nematodes and total data variability in treated plants (M. incognita + FA) respectively, which showed fit for a significant correlation between the various studied parameters in present study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Shakeel
- Section of Plant Pathology and Environmental Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
| | - Abrar Ahmad Khan
- Section of Plant Pathology and Environmental Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Sudhir K Upadhyay
- Department of Environmental Science, V.B.S. Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, 222003, India
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Xiao Z, Brunel N, Tian C, Guo J, Yang Z, Cui X. Constrained Nonlinear and Mixed Effects Integral Differential Equation Models for Dynamic Cell Polarity Signaling. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:847671. [PMID: 35693156 PMCID: PMC9175011 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.847671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Polar cell growth is a process that couples the establishment of cell polarity with growth and is extremely important in the growth, development, and reproduction of eukaryotic organisms, such as pollen tube growth during plant fertilization and neuronal axon growth in animals. Pollen tube growth requires dynamic but polarized distribution and activation of a signaling protein named ROP1 to the plasma membrane via three processes: positive feedback and negative feedback regulation of ROP1 activation and its lateral diffusion along the plasma membrane. In this paper, we introduce a mechanistic integro-differential equation (IDE) along with constrained semiparametric regression to quantitatively describe the interplay among these three processes that lead to the polar distribution of active ROP1 at a steady state. Moreover, we introduce a population variability by a constrained nonlinear mixed model. Our analysis of ROP1 activity distributions from multiple pollen tubes revealed that the equilibrium between the positive and negative feedbacks for pollen tubes with similar shapes are remarkably stable, permitting us to infer an inherent quantitative relationship between the positive and negative feedback loops that defines the tip growth of pollen tubes and the polarity of tip growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Xiao
- Department of Statistics, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Nicolas Brunel
- Laboratoire de Mathématiques et Modélisation d'Evry, UMR CNRS 8071, ENSIIE, Évry-Courcouronnes, France
| | - Chenwei Tian
- Department of Statistics, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Jingzhe Guo
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States
- Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Zhenbiao Yang
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States
- Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Xinping Cui
- Department of Statistics, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States
- Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Feng Y, Hiwatashi T, Minamino N, Ebine K, Ueda T. Membrane trafficking functions of the ANTH/ENTH/VHS domain-containing proteins in plants. FEBS Lett 2022; 596:2256-2268. [PMID: 35505466 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Subcellular localization of proteins acting on the endomembrane system is primarily regulated via membrane trafficking. To obtain and maintain the correct protein composition of the plasma membrane and membrane-bound organelles, the loading of selected cargos into transport vesicles is critically regulated at donor compartments by adaptor proteins binding to the donor membrane, the cargo molecules, and the coat-protein complexes, including the clathrin coat. The ANTH/ENTH/VHS domain-containing protein superfamily generally comprises a structurally related ENTH, ANTH, or VHS domain in the N-terminal region and a variable C-terminal region, which is thought to act as an adaptor during transport vesicle formation. This protein family is involved in various plant processes, including pollen tube growth, abiotic stress response, and development. In this review, we provide an overview of the recent findings on ANTH/ENTH/VHS domain-containing proteins in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yihong Feng
- Division of Cellular Dynamics, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takuma Hiwatashi
- Division of Cellular Dynamics, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
| | - Naoki Minamino
- Division of Cellular Dynamics, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kazuo Ebine
- Division of Cellular Dynamics, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan.,Department of Basic Biology, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takashi Ueda
- Division of Cellular Dynamics, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan.,Department of Basic Biology, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Zhang Q, Deng A, Xiang M, Lan Q, Li X, Yuan S, Gou X, Hao S, Du J, Xiao C. The Root Hair Development of Pectin Polygalacturonase PGX2 Activation Tagging Line in Response to Phosphate Deficiency. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:862171. [PMID: 35586221 PMCID: PMC9108675 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.862171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Pectin, cellulose, and hemicellulose constitute the primary cell wall in eudicots and function in multiple developmental processes in plants. Root hairs are outgrowths of specialized epidermal cells that absorb water and nutrients from the soil. Cell wall architecture influences root hair development, but how cell wall remodeling might enable enhanced root hair formation in response to phosphate (P) deficiency remains relatively unclear. Here, we found that POLYGALACTURONASE INVOLVED IN EXPANSION 2 (PGX2) functions in conditional root hair development. Under low P conditions, a PGX2 activation tagged line (PGX2AT ) displays bubble-like root hairs and abnormal callose deposition and superoxide accumulation in roots. We found that the polar localization and trafficking of PIN2 are altered in PGX2AT roots in response to P deficiency. We also found that actin filaments were less compact but more stable in PGX2AT root hair cells and that actin filament skewness in PGX2AT root hairs was recovered by treatment with 1-N-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA), an auxin transport inhibitor. These results demonstrate that activation tagging of PGX2 affects cell wall remodeling, auxin signaling, and actin microfilament orientation, which may cooperatively regulate root hair development in response to P starvation.
Collapse
|
34
|
Hao G, Zhao X, Zhang M, Ying J, Yu F, Li S, Zhang Y. Vesicle trafficking in
Arabidopsis
pollen tubes. FEBS Lett 2022; 596:2231-2242. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guang‐Jiu Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology College of Life Sciences Shandong Agricultural University Tai’an, Shandong China
| | - Xin‐Ying Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology College of Life Sciences Shandong Agricultural University Tai’an, Shandong China
| | | | - Jun Ying
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology College of Life Sciences Shandong Agricultural University Tai’an, Shandong China
| | - Fei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology College of Life Sciences Shandong Agricultural University Tai’an, Shandong China
| | - Sha Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology College of Life Sciences Shandong Agricultural University Tai’an, Shandong China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology College of Life Sciences Shandong Agricultural University Tai’an, Shandong China
- College of Life Sciences Nankai University China
- Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses Nankai University China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Yu B, Wu Q, Li X, Zeng R, Min Q, Huang J. GLUTAMATE RECEPTOR-like gene OsGLR3.4 is required for plant growth and systemic wound signaling in rice (Oryza sativa). THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 233:1238-1256. [PMID: 34767648 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed the physiological roles of glutamate receptor-like channels (GLRs) in Arabidopsis; however, the functions of GLRs in rice remain largely unknown. Here, we show that knockout of OsGLR3.4 in rice leads to brassinosteroid (BR)-regulated growth defects and reduced BR sensitivity. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays and transient transactivation assays indicated that OsGLR3.4 is the downstream target of OsBZR1. Further, agonist profile assays showed that multiple amino acids can trigger transient Ca2+ influx in an OsGLR3.4-dependent manner, indicating that OsGLR3.4 is a Ca2+ -permeable channel. Meanwhile, the study of internode cells demonstrated that OsGLR3.4-mediated Ca2+ flux is required for actin filament organization and vesicle trafficking. Following root injury, the triggering of both slow wave potentials (SWPs) in leaves and the jasmonic acid (JA) response are impaired in osglr3.4 mutants, indicating that OsGLR3.4 is required for root-to-shoot systemic wound signaling in rice. Brassinosteroid treatment enhanced SWPs and OsJAZ8 expression in root-wounded plants, suggesting that BR signaling synergistically regulates the OsGLR3.4-mediated systemic wound response. In summary, this article describes a mechanism of OsGLR3.4-mediated cell elongation and long-distance systemic wound signaling in plants and provides new insights into the contribution of GLRs to plant growth and responses to mechanical wounding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Chongqing, China
| | - Qi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Chongqing, China
| | - Xingxing Li
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Chongqing, China
| | - Rongfeng Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Min
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Chongqing, China
| | - Junli Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Pertl-Obermeyer H, Gimeno A, Kuchler V, Servili E, Huang S, Fang H, Lang V, Sydow K, Pöckl M, Schulze WX, Obermeyer G. pH modulates interaction of 14-3-3 proteins with pollen plasma membrane H+ ATPases independently from phosphorylation. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:168-181. [PMID: 34467995 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Pollen grains transport the sperm cells through the style tissue via a fast-growing pollen tube to the ovaries where fertilization takes place. Pollen tube growth requires a precisely regulated network of cellular as well as molecular events including the activity of the plasma membrane H+ ATPase, which is known to be regulated by reversible protein phosphorylation and subsequent binding of 14-3-3 isoforms. Immunodetection of the phosphorylated penultimate threonine residue of the pollen plasma membrane H+ ATPase (LilHA1) of Lilium longiflorum pollen revealed a sudden increase in phosphorylation with the start of pollen tube growth. In addition to phosphorylation, pH modulated the binding of 14-3-3 isoforms to the regulatory domain of the H+ ATPase, whereas metabolic components had only small effects on 14-3-3 binding, as tested with in vitro assays using recombinant 14-3-3 isoforms and phosphomimicking substitutions of the threonine residue. Consequently, local H+ influxes and effluxes as well as pH gradients in the pollen tube tip are generated by localized regulation of the H+ ATPase activity rather than by heterogeneous localized distribution in the plasma membrane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Pertl-Obermeyer
- Membrane Biophysics, Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Billrothstr. 11, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- MorphoPhysics, Department of Chemistry and Physics of Materials, University of Salzburg, Jakob-Haringer-Str. 2a, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Ana Gimeno
- Membrane Biophysics, Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Billrothstr. 11, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Verena Kuchler
- Membrane Biophysics, Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Billrothstr. 11, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Evrim Servili
- Membrane Biophysics, Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Billrothstr. 11, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Inst. Recherche Experimentale & Clinique, University of Louvain, Ave. Hippocrate, Woluwe-Saint Lambert, Belgium
| | - Shuai Huang
- Membrane Biophysics, Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Billrothstr. 11, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzen, PR China
| | - Han Fang
- Membrane Biophysics, Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Billrothstr. 11, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Spinal Chord Injury & Tissue Regeneration Centre, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Veronika Lang
- Membrane Biophysics, Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Billrothstr. 11, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- STRATEC GmbH, Sonystraße 20, Anif, Austria
| | - Katharina Sydow
- Membrane Biophysics, Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Billrothstr. 11, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Magdalena Pöckl
- Membrane Biophysics, Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Billrothstr. 11, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Waltraud X Schulze
- Plant Systems Biology, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 30, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Gerhard Obermeyer
- Membrane Biophysics, Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Billrothstr. 11, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Galotto G, Wisanpitayakorn P, Bibeau JP, Liu YC, Furt F, Pierce EC, Simpson PJ, Tüzel E, Vidali L. Myosin XI drives polarized growth by vesicle focusing and local enrichment of F-actin in Physcomitrium patens. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 187:2509-2529. [PMID: 34890463 PMCID: PMC8932395 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In tip-growing plant cells, growth results from myosin XI and F-actin-mediated deposition of cell wall polysaccharides contained in secretory vesicles. Previous evidence showed that myosin XI anticipates F-actin accumulation at the cell's tip, suggesting a mechanism where vesicle clustering via myosin XI increases F-actin polymerization. To evaluate this model, we used a conditional loss-of-function strategy by generating moss (Physcomitrium patens) plants harboring a myosin XI temperature-sensitive allele. We found that loss of myosin XI function alters tip cell morphology, vacuolar homeostasis, and cell viability but not following F-actin depolymerization. Importantly, our conditional loss-of-function analysis shows that myosin XI focuses and directs vesicles at the tip of the cell, which induces formin-dependent F-actin polymerization, increasing F-actin's local concentration. Our findings support the role of myosin XI in vesicle focusing, possibly via clustering and F-actin organization, necessary for tip growth, and deepen our understanding of additional myosin XI functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Galotto
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts 01609, USA
| | | | - Jeffrey P Bibeau
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts 01609, USA
| | - Yen-Chun Liu
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts 01609, USA
| | - Fabienne Furt
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts 01609, USA
| | - Ellen C Pierce
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts 01609, USA
| | - Parker J Simpson
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts 01609, USA
| | - Erkan Tüzel
- Bioengineering Department, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Luis Vidali
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts 01609, USA
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts 01609, USA
- Author for communication:
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Controlled release fertilizer: A review on developments, applications and potential in agriculture. J Control Release 2021; 339:321-334. [PMID: 34626724 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Controlled release fertilizer (CRF) plays a crucial yet necessary part in the sustainable agriculture industry. An alarming rise in call for crop production directly influences the increasing need for synthetically derived fertilizers and pesticides production. The application of CRF has been a gamechanger as an environmentally sustainable pathway to increase crop yields by paving desired phase of plant growth via a direct or indirect mechanism. The mechanism of CRF does not only decreases nutrient dissipation due to volatilization and leaching, but also provides a precisely appropriate nutrient release design that is suitable in the physiological and biochemical aspect of the plant growth. However, CRF is not deployed on larger scale of commercial agriculture practices due to being expensive, has relatively low efficiency in releasing nutrients and its coatings are largely composed of petroleum-based synthetic polymers. Alternatively, there are many polymers derived from renewable and biodegradable sources that can be used as coating material for CRF in the form of bio-nanocomposites. Having said that, there is an apparent gap between the mechanism of the CRFs for promoting plant growth and the prominent role of the nanocomposites especially bio-nanocomposites as coating material for CRF synthesis, thus the importance of nanotechnology application in enhancing the effectiveness of CRF. Therefore, this review attempts to bridge the stated gap and summarizes the comprehensive developments, application mechanisms and future potential of CRF as a fertilizer for crop sustainability.
Collapse
|
39
|
Bibeau JP, Galotto G, Wu M, Tüzel E, Vidali L. Quantitative cell biology of tip growth in moss. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 107:227-244. [PMID: 33825083 PMCID: PMC8492783 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-021-01147-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Here we review, from a quantitative point of view, the cell biology of protonemal tip growth in the model moss Physcomitrium patens. We focus on the role of the cytoskeleton, vesicle trafficking, and cell wall mechanics, including reviewing some of the existing mathematical models of tip growth. We provide a primer for existing cell biological tools that can be applied to the future study of tip growth in moss. Polarized cell growth is a ubiquitous process throughout the plant kingdom in which the cell elongates in a self-similar manner. This process is important for nutrient uptake by root hairs, fertilization by pollen, and gametophyte development by the protonemata of bryophytes and ferns. In this review, we will focus on the tip growth of moss cells, emphasizing the role of cytoskeletal organization, cytoplasmic zonation, vesicle trafficking, cell wall composition, and dynamics. We compare some of the existing knowledge on tip growth in protonemata against what is known in pollen tubes and root hairs, which are better-studied tip growing cells. To fully understand how plant cells grow requires that we deepen our knowledge in a variety of forms of plant cell growth. We focus this review on the model plant Physcomitrium patens, which uses tip growth as the dominant form of growth at its protonemal stage. Because mosses and vascular plants shared a common ancestor more than 450 million years ago, we anticipate that both similarities and differences between tip growing plant cells will provide mechanistic information of tip growth as well as of plant cell growth in general. Towards this mechanistic understanding, we will also review some of the existing mathematical models of plant tip growth and their applicability to investigate protonemal morphogenesis. We attempt to integrate the conclusions and data across cell biology and physical modeling to our current state of knowledge of polarized cell growth in P. patens and highlight future directions in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey P Bibeau
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Giulia Galotto
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, USA
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Erkan Tüzel
- Bioengineering Department, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Luis Vidali
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, USA.
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Kansal S, Panwar V, Mutum RD, Raghuvanshi S. Investigations on Regulation of MicroRNAs in Rice Reveal [Ca 2+] cyt Signal Transduction Regulated MicroRNAs. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:720009. [PMID: 34733300 PMCID: PMC8558223 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.720009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are critical components of the multidimensional regulatory networks in eukaryotic systems. Given their diverse spectrum of function, it is apparent that the transcription, processing, and activity of the miRNAs themselves, is very dynamically regulated. One of the most important and universally implicated signaling molecules is [Ca2+]cyt. It is known to regulate a plethora of developmental and metabolic processes in both plants and animals; however, its impact on the regulation of miRNA expression is relatively less explored. The current study employed a combination of internal and external calcium channel inhibitors to establishing that [Ca2+]cyt signatures actively regulate miRNA expression in rice. Involvement of [Ca2+]cyt in the regulation of miRNA expression was further confirmed by treatment with calcimycin, the calcium ionophore. Modulation of the cytosolic calcium levels was also found to regulate the drought-responsive expression as well as ABA-mediated response of miRNA genes in rice seedlings. The study further establishes the role of calmodulins and Calmodulin-binding Transcription Activators (CAMTAs) as important components of the signal transduction schema that regulates miRNA expression. Yeast one-hybrid assay established that OsCAMTA4 & 6 are involved in the transcriptional regulation of miR156a and miR167h. Thus, the study was able to establish that [Ca2+]cyt is actively involved in regulating the expression of miRNA genes both under control and stress conditions.
Collapse
|
41
|
Singh G, Pereira D, Baudrey S, Hoffmann E, Ryckelynck M, Asnacios A, Chabouté ME. Real-time tracking of root hair nucleus morphodynamics using a microfluidic approach. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 108:303-313. [PMID: 34562320 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Root hairs (RHs) are tubular extensions of root epidermal cells that favour nutrient uptake and microbe interactions. RHs show a fast apical growth, constituting a unique single cell model system for analysing cellular morphodynamics. In this context, live cell imaging using microfluidics recently developed to analyze root development is appealing, although high-resolution imaging is still lacking to enable an investigation of the accurate spatiotemporal morphodynamics of organelles. Here, we provide a powerful coverslip based microfluidic device (CMD) that enables us to capture high resolution confocal imaging of Arabidopsis RH development with real-time monitoring of nuclear movement and shape changes. To validate the setup, we confirmed the typical RH growth rates and the mean nuclear positioning previously reported with classical methods. Moreover, to illustrate the possibilities offered by the CMD, we have compared the real-time variations in the circularity, area and aspect ratio of nuclei moving in growing and mature RHs. Interestingly, we observed higher aspect ratios in the nuclei of mature RHs, correlating with higher speeds of nuclear migration. This observation opens the way for further investigations of the effect of mechanical constraints on nuclear shape changes during RH growth and nuclear migration and its role in RH and plant development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Singh
- Institut de biologie moléculaire des plantes, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, 67084, France
| | - David Pereira
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, UMR 7057, CNRS et Université de Paris, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Stéphanie Baudrey
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, UPR 9002, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Elise Hoffmann
- Institut de biologie moléculaire des plantes, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, 67084, France
| | - Michael Ryckelynck
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, UPR 9002, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Atef Asnacios
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, UMR 7057, CNRS et Université de Paris, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Marie-Edith Chabouté
- Institut de biologie moléculaire des plantes, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, 67084, France
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Hou S, Shi J, Hao L, Wang Z, Liao Y, Gu H, Dong J, Dresselhaus T, Zhong S, Qu LJ. VPS18-regulated vesicle trafficking controls the secretion of pectin and its modifying enzyme during pollen tube growth in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT CELL 2021; 33:3042-3056. [PMID: 34125904 PMCID: PMC8462820 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koab164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In eukaryotes, homotypic fusion and vacuolar protein sorting (HOPS) as well as class C core vacuole/endosome tethering (CORVET) are evolutionarily conserved membrane tethering complexes that play important roles in lysosomal/vacuolar trafficking. Whether HOPS and CORVET control endomembrane trafficking in pollen tubes, the fastest growing plant cells, remains largely elusive. In this study, we demonstrate that the four core components shared by the two complexes, Vacuole protein sorting 11 (VPS11), VPS16, VPS33, and VPS18, are all essential for pollen tube growth in Arabidopsis thaliana and thus for plant reproduction success. We used VPS18 as a representative core component of the complexes to show that the protein is localized to both multivesicular bodies (MVBs) and the tonoplast in a growing pollen tube. Mutant vps18 pollen tubes grew more slowly in vivo, resulting in a significant reduction in male transmission efficiency. Additional studies revealed that membrane fusion from MVBs to vacuoles is severely compromised in vps18 pollen tubes, corroborating the function of VPS18 in late endocytic trafficking. Furthermore, vps18 pollen tubes produce excessive exocytic vesicles at the apical zone and excessive amounts of pectin and pectin methylesterases in the cell wall. In conclusion, this study establishes an additional conserved role of HOPS/CORVET in homotypic membrane fusion during vacuole biogenesis in pollen tubes and reveals a feedback regulation of HOPS/CORVET in the secretion of cell wall modification enzymes of rapidly growing plant cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saiying Hou
- State Key Laboratory for Protein and Plant Gene Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences at College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiao Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Protein and Plant Gene Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences at College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lihong Hao
- State Key Laboratory for Protein and Plant Gene Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences at College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
- School of Life Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province 030006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhijuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Protein and Plant Gene Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences at College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yalan Liao
- State Key Laboratory for Protein and Plant Gene Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences at College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongya Gu
- State Key Laboratory for Protein and Plant Gene Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences at College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Juan Dong
- The Waksman Institute of Microbiology, Rutgers the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Thomas Dresselhaus
- Cell Biology and Plant Biochemistry, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sheng Zhong
- Author for correspondence: (S.Z.), (L.-J.Q.)
| | - Li-Jia Qu
- Author for correspondence: (S.Z.), (L.-J.Q.)
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Marmiroli M, Pagano L, Rossi R, De La Torre-Roche R, Lepore GO, Ruotolo R, Gariani G, Bonanni V, Pollastri S, Puri A, Gianoncelli A, Aquilanti G, d'Acapito F, White JC, Marmiroli N. Copper Oxide Nanomaterial Fate in Plant Tissue: Nanoscale Impacts on Reproductive Tissues. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:10769-10783. [PMID: 34308629 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c01123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A thorough understanding of the implications of chronic low-dose exposure to engineered nanomaterials through the food chain is lacking. The present study aimed to characterize such a response in Cucurbita pepo L. (zucchini) upon exposure to a potential nanoscale fertilizer: copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles. Zucchini was grown in soil amended with nano-CuO, bulk CuO (100 mg Kg-1), and CuSO4 (320 mg Kg-1) from germination to flowering (60 days). Nano-CuO treatment had no impact on plant morphology or growth nor pollen formation and viability. The uptake of Cu was comparable in the plant tissues under all treatments. RNA-seq analyses on vegetative and reproductive tissues highlighted common and nanoscale-specific components of the response. Mitochondrial and chloroplast functions were uniquely modulated in response to nanomaterial exposure as compared with conventional bulk and salt forms. X-ray absorption spectroscopy showed that the Cu local structure changed upon nano-CuO internalization, suggesting potential nanoparticle biotransformation within the plant tissues. These findings demonstrate the potential positive physiological, cellular, and molecular response related to nano-CuO application as a plant fertilizer, highlighting the differential mechanisms involved in the exposure to Cu in nanoscale, bulk, or salt forms. Nano-CuO uniquely stimulates plant response in a way that can minimize agrochemical inputs to the environment and therefore could be an important strategy in nanoenabled agriculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Marmiroli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Luca Pagano
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Riccardo Rossi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Roberto De La Torre-Roche
- The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, 123 Huntington Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06504, United States
| | | | - Roberta Ruotolo
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Gianluca Gariani
- Elettra, Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14 km 1635 in AREA Science Park, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Valentina Bonanni
- Elettra, Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14 km 1635 in AREA Science Park, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Simone Pollastri
- Elettra, Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14 km 1635 in AREA Science Park, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Alessandro Puri
- CNR-IOM-OGG c/o ESRF-The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs CS 40220, Grenoble Cédex 9 F-38043, France
| | - Alessandra Gianoncelli
- Elettra, Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14 km 1635 in AREA Science Park, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Giuliana Aquilanti
- Elettra, Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14 km 1635 in AREA Science Park, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Francesco d'Acapito
- CNR-IOM-OGG c/o ESRF-The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs CS 40220, Grenoble Cédex 9 F-38043, France
| | - Jason C White
- The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, 123 Huntington Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06504, United States
| | - Nelson Marmiroli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, Parma 43124, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per le Scienze Ambientali (CINSA), University of Parma, Parma 43124, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Stephan L, Jakoby M, Das A, Koebke E, Hülskamp M. Unravelling the molecular basis of the dominant negative effect of myosin XI tails on P-bodies. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252327. [PMID: 34038472 PMCID: PMC8153422 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The directional movement and positioning of organelles and macromolecules is essential for regulating and maintaining cellular functions in eukaryotic cells. In plants, these processes are actin-based and driven by class XI myosins, which transport various cargos in a directed manner. As the analysis of myosin function is challenging due to high levels of redundancy, dominant negative acting truncated myosins have frequently been used to study intracellular transport processes. A comparison of the dominant negative effect of the coiled-coil domains and the GTD domains revealed a much stronger inhibition of P-body movement by the GTD domains. In addition, we show that the GTD domain does not inhibit P-body movement when driven by a hybrid myosin in which the GTD domain was replaced by DCP2. These data suggest that the dominant negative effect of myosin tails involves a competition of the GTD domains for cargo binding sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Stephan
- Botanical Institute, Biocenter, Cologne University, Cologne, Germany
| | - Marc Jakoby
- Botanical Institute, Biocenter, Cologne University, Cologne, Germany
| | - Arijit Das
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology & Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Eva Koebke
- Botanical Institute, Biocenter, Cologne University, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martin Hülskamp
- Botanical Institute, Biocenter, Cologne University, Cologne, Germany
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Zhu X, Tang C, Li Q, Qiao X, Li X, Cai Y, Wang P, Sun Y, Zhang H, Zhang S, Wu J. Characterization of the pectin methylesterase inhibitor gene family in Rosaceae and role of PbrPMEI23/39/41 in methylesterified pectin distribution in pear pollen tube. PLANTA 2021; 253:118. [PMID: 33961146 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-021-03638-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Pectin methylesterase inhibitor gene family in the seven Rosaceae species (including three pear cultivars) is characterized and three pectin methylesterase inhibitor genes are identified to regulate pollen tube growth in pear. Pectin methylesterase inhibitor (PMEI) participates in a variety of biological processes in plants. However, the information and function of PMEI genes in Rosaceae are largely unknown. In this study, a total of 423 PMEI genes are identified in the genomes of seven Rosaceae species. The PMEI genes in pear are categorized into five subfamilies based on structural analysis and evolutionary analysis. WGD and TD are the main duplication events in the PMEI gene family of pear. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis indicates that PbrPMEI23, PbrPMEI39, and PbrPMEI41 are increasingly expressed during pear pollen tube growth. Under the treatment of recombinant proteins PbrPMEI23, PbrPMEI39 or PbrPMEI41, the content of methylesterified pectin at the region 5-20 μm from the pollen tube tip significantly increases, and the growth of pear pollen tubes is promoted. These results indicate that PMEI regulates the growth of pollen tubes by changing the distribution of methylesterified pectin in the apex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Chao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Qionghou Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xin Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yilin Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yangyang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Shanghai Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Shanghai, 201699, China
| | - Shaoling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Juyou Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, 210014, China.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Zhang J, Yue L, Wu X, Liu H, Wang W. Function of Small Peptides During Male-Female Crosstalk in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:671196. [PMID: 33968121 PMCID: PMC8102694 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.671196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Plant peptides secreted as signal molecular to trigger cell-to-cell signaling are indispensable for plant growth and development. Successful sexual reproduction in plants requires extensive communication between male and female gametophytes, their gametes, and with the surrounding sporophytic tissues. In the past decade, it has been well-documented that small peptides participate in many important reproductive processes such as self-incompatibility, pollen tube growth, pollen tube guidance, and gamete interaction. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of the peptides regulating the processes of male-female crosstalk in plant, aiming at systematizing the knowledge on the sexual reproduction, and signaling of plant peptides in future.
Collapse
|
47
|
Kim D, Yang J, Gu F, Park S, Combs J, Adams A, Mayes HB, Jeon SJ, Bahk JD, Nielsen E. A temperature-sensitive FERONIA mutant allele that alters root hair growth. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 185:405-423. [PMID: 33721904 PMCID: PMC8133571 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaa051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In plants, root hairs undergo a highly polarized form of cell expansion called tip-growth, in which cell wall deposition is restricted to the root hair apex. In order to identify essential cellular components that might have been missed in earlier genetic screens, we identified conditional temperature-sensitive (ts) root hair mutants by ethyl methanesulfonate mutagenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. Here, we describe one of these mutants, feronia-temperature sensitive (fer-ts). Mutant fer-ts seedlings were unaffected at normal temperatures (20°C), but failed to form root hairs at elevated temperatures (30°C). Map based-cloning and whole-genome sequencing revealed that fer-ts resulted from a G41S substitution in the extracellular domain of FERONIA (FER). A functional fluorescent fusion of FER containing the fer-ts mutation localized to plasma membranes, but was subject to enhanced protein turnover at elevated temperatures. While tip-growth was rapidly inhibited by addition of rapid alkalinization factor 1 (RALF1) peptides in both wild-type and fer-ts mutants at normal temperatures, root elongation of fer-ts seedlings was resistant to added RALF1 peptide at elevated temperatures. Additionally, at elevated temperatures fer-ts seedlings displayed altered reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation upon auxin treatment and phenocopied constitutive fer mutant responses to a variety of plant hormone treatments. Molecular modeling and sequence comparison with other Catharanthus roseus receptor-like kinase 1L (CrRLK1L) receptor family members revealed that the mutated glycine in fer-ts is highly conserved, but is not located within the recently characterized RALF23 and LORELI-LIKE-GLYCOPROTEIN 2 binding domains, perhaps suggesting that fer-ts phenotypes may not be directly due to loss of binding to RALF1 peptides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daewon Kim
- Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21plus), Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Jiyuan Yang
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Fangwei Gu
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Sungjin Park
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Jonathon Combs
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Alexander Adams
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Heather B Mayes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Su Jeong Jeon
- Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21plus), Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Dong Bahk
- Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21plus), Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Erik Nielsen
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Orr RG, Furt F, Warner EL, Agar EM, Garbarino JM, Cabral SE, Dubuke ML, Butt AM, Munson M, Vidali L. Rab-E and its interaction with myosin XI are essential for polarised cell growth. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 229:1924-1936. [PMID: 33098085 PMCID: PMC8168425 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The fundamental process of polarised exocytosis requires the interconnected activity of molecular motors trafficking vesicular cargo within a dynamic cytoskeletal network. In plants, few mechanistic details are known about how molecular motors, such as myosin XI, associate with their secretory cargo to support the ubiquitous processes of polarised growth and cell division. Live-cell imaging coupled with targeted gene knockouts and a high-throughput RNAi assay enabled the first characterisation of the loss of Rab-E function. Yeast two-hybrid and subsequent in silico structural prediction uncovered a specific interaction between Rab-E and myosin XI that is conserved between P. patens and A. thaliana. Rab-E co-localises with myosin XI at sites of active exocytosis, and at the growing tip both proteins are spatiotemporally coupled. Rab-E is required for normal plant growth in P. patens and the rab-E and myosin XI phenotypes are rescued by A. thaliana's Rab-E1c and myosin XI-K/E, respectively. Both PpMyoXI and AtMyoXI-K interact with PpRabE14, and the interaction is specifically mediated by PpMyoXI residue V1422. This interaction is required for polarised growth. Our results suggest that the interaction of Rab-E and myosin XI is a conserved feature of polarised growth in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert G Orr
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, 01609, USA
| | - Fabienne Furt
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, 01609, USA
| | - Erin L Warner
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, 01609, USA
| | - Erin M Agar
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, 01609, USA
| | - Jennifer M Garbarino
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, 01609, USA
| | - Sarah E Cabral
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, 01609, USA
| | - Michelle L Dubuke
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Allison M Butt
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, 01609, USA
| | - Mary Munson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Luis Vidali
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, 01609, USA
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Ruan H, Li J, Wang T, Ren H. Secretory Vesicles Targeted to Plasma Membrane During Pollen Germination and Tube Growth. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:615447. [PMID: 33553150 PMCID: PMC7859277 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.615447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pollen germination and pollen tube growth are important biological events in the sexual reproduction of higher plants, during which a large number of vesicle trafficking and membrane fusion events occur. When secretory vesicles are transported via the F-actin network in proximity to the apex of the pollen tube, the secretory vesicles are tethered and fused to the plasma membrane by tethering factors and SNARE proteins, respectively. The coupling and uncoupling between the vesicle membrane and plasma membrane are also regulated by dynamic cytoskeleton, proteins, and signaling molecules, including small G proteins, calcium, and PIP2. In this review, we focus on the current knowledge regarding secretory vesicle delivery, tethering, and fusion during pollen germination and tube growth and summarize the progress in research on how regulators and signaling molecules participate in the above processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huaqiang Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, Center for Biological Science and Technology, Advanced Institute of Natural Science, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Jiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, Center for Biological Science and Technology, Advanced Institute of Natural Science, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, Center for Biological Science and Technology, Advanced Institute of Natural Science, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Haiyun Ren
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, Center for Biological Science and Technology, Advanced Institute of Natural Science, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Xu Y, Huang S. Control of the Actin Cytoskeleton Within Apical and Subapical Regions of Pollen Tubes. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:614821. [PMID: 33344460 PMCID: PMC7744591 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.614821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In flowering plants, sexual reproduction involves a double fertilization event, which is facilitated by the delivery of two non-motile sperm cells to the ovule by the pollen tube. Pollen tube growth occurs exclusively at the tip and is extremely rapid. It strictly depends on an intact actin cytoskeleton, and is therefore an excellent model for uncovering the molecular mechanisms underlying dynamic actin cytoskeleton remodeling. There has been a long-term debate about the organization and dynamics of actin filaments within the apical and subapical regions of pollen tube tips. By combining state-of-the-art live-cell imaging with the usage of mutants which lack different actin-binding proteins, our understanding of the origin, spatial organization, dynamics and regulation of actin filaments within the pollen tube tip has greatly improved. In this review article, we will summarize the progress made in this area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shanjin Huang
- Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|