1
|
Welch LG, Muschalik N, Munro S. The FAM114A proteins are adaptors for the recycling of Golgi enzymes. J Cell Sci 2024; 137:jcs262160. [PMID: 39129673 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.262160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Golgi-resident enzymes remain in place while their substrates flow through from the endoplasmic reticulum to elsewhere in the cell. COPI-coated vesicles bud from the Golgi to recycle Golgi residents to earlier cisternae. Different enzymes are present in different parts of the stack, and one COPI adaptor protein, GOLPH3, acts to recruit enzymes into vesicles in part of the stack. Here, we used proximity biotinylation to identify further components of intra-Golgi vesicles and found FAM114A2, a cytosolic protein. Affinity chromatography with FAM114A2, and its paralogue FAM114A1, showed that they bind to Golgi-resident membrane proteins, with membrane-proximal basic residues in the cytoplasmic tail being sufficient for the interaction. Deletion of both proteins from U2OS cells did not cause substantial defects in Golgi function. However, a Drosophila orthologue of these proteins (CG9590/FAM114A) is also localised to the Golgi and binds directly to COPI. Drosophila mutants lacking FAM114A have defects in glycosylation of glue proteins in the salivary gland. Thus, the FAM114A proteins bind Golgi enzymes and are candidate adaptors to contribute specificity to COPI vesicle recycling in the Golgi stack.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence G Welch
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Nadine Muschalik
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Sean Munro
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yagi H, Tateo S, Saito T, Ohta Y, Nishi E, Obitsu S, Suzuki T, Seetaha S, Hellec C, Nakano A, Tojima T, Kato K. Deciphering the sub-Golgi localization of glycosyltransferases via 3D super-resolution imaging. Cell Struct Funct 2024; 49:47-55. [PMID: 38987202 DOI: 10.1247/csf.24008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The Golgi apparatus, a crucial organelle involved in protein processing, including glycosylation, exhibits complex sub-structures, i.e., cis-, medial, and trans-cisternae. This study investigated the distribution of glycosyltransferases within the Golgi apparatus of mammalian cells via 3D super-resolution imaging. Focusing on human glycosyltransferases involved in N-glycan modification, we found that even enzymes presumed to coexist in the same Golgi compartment exhibit nuanced variations in localization. By artificially making their N-terminal regions [composed of a cytoplasmic, transmembrane, and stem segment (CTS)] identical, it was possible to enhance the degree of their colocalization, suggesting the decisive role of this region in determining the sub-Golgi localization of enzymes. Ultimately, this study reveals the molecular codes within CTS regions as key determinants of glycosyltransferase localization, providing insights into precise control over the positioning of glycosyltransferases, and consequently, the interactions between glycosyltransferases and substrate glycoproteins as cargoes in the secretory pathway. This study advances our understanding of Golgi organization and opens avenues for programming the glycosylation of proteins for clinical applications.Key words: Golgi apparatus, glycosyltransferase, 3D super-resolution imaging, N-glycosylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Yagi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS)
| | - Seigo Tateo
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS)
- Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences
| | - Taiki Saito
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS)
- Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences
| | - Yusaku Ohta
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS)
| | - Emiko Nishi
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS)
| | - Saemi Obitsu
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS)
| | - Tatsuya Suzuki
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS)
- Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences
| | - Supaphorn Seetaha
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS)
- Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University
| | - Charles Hellec
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University
| | - Akihiko Nakano
- Live Cell Super-Resolution Imaging Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics
| | - Takuro Tojima
- Live Cell Super-Resolution Imaging Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics
| | - Koichi Kato
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS)
- Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tinker J, Anees P, Krishnan Y. Quantitative Chemical Imaging of Organelles. Acc Chem Res 2024; 57:1906-1917. [PMID: 38916405 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.4c00191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
ConspectusDNA nanodevices are nanoscale assemblies, formed from a collection of synthetic DNA strands, that may perform artificial functions. The pioneering developments of a DNA cube by Nadrian Seeman in 1991 and a DNA nanomachine by Turberfield and Yurke in 2000 spawned an entire generation of DNA nanodevices ranging from minimalist to rococo architectures. Since our first demonstration in 2009 that a DNA nanodevice can function autonomously inside a living cell, it became clear that this molecular scaffold was well-placed to probe living systems. Its water solubility, biocompatibility, and engineerability to yield molecularly identical assemblies predisposed it to probe and program biology.Since DNA is a modular scaffold, one can integrate independent or interdependent functionalities onto a single assembly. Work from our group has established a new class of organelle-targeted, DNA-based fluorescent reporters. These reporters comprise three to four oligonucleotides that each display a specific motif or module with a specific function. Given the 1:1 stoichiometry of Watson-Crick-Franklin base pairing, all modules are present in a fixed ratio in every DNA nanodevice. These modules include an ion-sensitive dye or a detection module and a normalizing dye for ratiometry that along with detection module forms a "measuring module". The third module is an organelle-targeting module that engages a cognate protein so that the whole assembly is trafficked to the lumen of a target organelle. Together, these modules allow us to measure free ion concentrations with accuracies that were previously unattainable, in subcellular locations that were previously inaccessible, and at single organelle resolution. By revealing that organelles exist in different chemical states, DNA nanodevices are providing new insights into organelle biology. Further, the ability to deliver molecules with cell-type and organelle level precision in animal models is leading to biomedical applications.This Account outlines the development of DNA nanodevices as fluorescent reporters for chemically mapping or modulating organelle function in real time in living systems. We discuss the technical challenges of measuring ions within endomembrane organelles and show how the unique properties of DNA nanodevices enable organelle targeting and chemical mapping. Starting from the pioneering finding that an autonomous DNA nanodevice could map endolysosomal pH in cells, we chart the development of strategies to target organelles beyond the endolysosomal pathway and expanding chemical maps to include all the major ions in physiology, reactive species, enzyme activity, and voltage. We present a series of vignettes highlighting the new biology unlocked with each development, from the discovery of chemical heterogeneity in lysosomes to identifying the first protein importer of Ca2+ into lysosomes. Finally, we discuss the broader applicability of targeting DNA nanodevices organelle-specifically beyond just reporting ions, namely using DNA nanodevices to modulate organelle state, and thereby cell state, with potential therapeutic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- JoAnn Tinker
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- The Neuroscience Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Palapuravan Anees
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- The Neuroscience Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517619, India
| | - Yamuna Krishnan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- The Neuroscience Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Oppenheimer KG, Hager NA, McAtee CK, Filiztekin E, Shang C, Warnick JA, Bruchez MP, Brodsky JL, Prosser DC, Kwiatkowski AV, O’Donnell AF. Optimization of the fluorogen-activating protein tag for quantitative protein trafficking and colocalization studies in S. cerevisiae. Mol Biol Cell 2024; 35:mr5. [PMID: 38809589 PMCID: PMC11244157 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e24-04-0174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Spatial and temporal tracking of fluorescent proteins (FPs) in live cells permits visualization of proteome remodeling in response to extracellular cues. Historically, protein dynamics during trafficking have been visualized using constitutively active FPs fused to proteins of interest. While powerful, such FPs label all cellular pools of a protein, potentially masking the dynamics of select subpopulations. To help study protein subpopulations, bioconjugate tags, including the fluorogen activation proteins (FAPs), were developed. FAPs are comprised of two components: a single-chain antibody (SCA) fused to the protein of interest and a malachite-green (MG) derivative, which fluoresces only when bound to the SCA. Importantly, the MG derivatives can be either cell-permeant or -impermeant, thus permitting isolated detection of SCA-tagged proteins at the cell surface and facilitating quantitative endocytic measures. To expand FAP use in yeast, we optimized the SCA for yeast expression, created FAP-tagging plasmids, and generated FAP-tagged organelle markers. To demonstrate FAP efficacy, we coupled the SCA to the yeast G-protein coupled receptor Ste3. We measured Ste3 endocytic dynamics in response to pheromone and characterized cis- and trans-acting regulators of Ste3. Our work significantly expands FAP technology for varied applications in S. cerevisiae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Natalie A. Hager
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15260
| | - Ceara K. McAtee
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15260
| | - Elif Filiztekin
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15260
| | - Chaowei Shang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15260
| | | | - Marcel P. Bruchez
- Molecular Biosensor and Imaging Center, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | | | - Derek C. Prosser
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284
| | - Adam V. Kwiatkowski
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Shi M, Fu Z, Pan W, Wang K, Liu X, Li N, Tang B. A Golgi Apparatus-Targeted Photothermal Agent with Protein Anchoring for Enhanced Cancer Photothermal Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2303749. [PMID: 38483042 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
The Golgi apparatus (GA) is central in shuttling proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum to different cellular areas. Therefore, targeting the GA to precisely destroy its proteins through local heat could induce apoptosis, offering a potential avenue for effective cancer therapy. Herein, a GA-targeted photothermal agent based on protein anchoring is introduced for enhanced photothermal therapy of tumor through the modification of near-infrared molecular dye with maleimide derivative and benzene sulfonamide. The photothermal agent can actively target the GA and covalently anchor to its sulfhydryl proteins, thereby increasing its retention within the GA. Under laser irradiation, the heat generated by the photothermal agent efficiently disrupts sulfhydryl proteins in situ, leading to GA dysfunction and ultimately inducing cell apoptosis. In vivo experiments demonstrate that the photothermal agent can precisely treat tumors and significantly reduce side effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingwan Shi
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Jinan, 250014, P. R. China
| | - Zhongliang Fu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Jinan, 250014, P. R. China
| | - Wei Pan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Jinan, 250014, P. R. China
| | - Kaiye Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Jinan, 250014, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohan Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Jinan, 250014, P. R. China
| | - Na Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Jinan, 250014, P. R. China
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Jinan, 250014, P. R. China
- Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, 266237, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu R, Hong W, Hou D, Huang H, Duan C. Decoding Organelle Interactions: Unveiling Molecular Mechanisms and Disease Therapies. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024; 8:e2300288. [PMID: 38717793 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Organelles, substructures in the cytoplasm with specific morphological structures and functions, interact with each other via membrane fusion, membrane transport, and protein interactions, collectively termed organelle interaction. Organelle interaction is a complex biological process involving the interaction and regulation of several organelles, including the interaction between mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum, endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi, mitochondria-lysosomes, and endoplasmic reticulum-peroxisomes. This interaction enables intracellular substance transport, metabolism, and signal transmission, and is closely related to the occurrence, development, and treatment of many diseases, such as cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and metabolic diseases. Herein, the mechanisms and regulation of organelle interactions are reviewed, which are critical for understanding basic principles of cell biology and disease development mechanisms. The findings will help to facilitate the development of novel strategies for disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment opportunities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, P. R. China
| | - Weilong Hong
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, P. R. China
| | - Dongyao Hou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, P. R. China
| | - He Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, P. R. China
| | - Chenyang Duan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Miyashiro D, Tojima T, Nakano A. Extremely high spatiotemporal resolution microscopy for live cell imaging by single photon counting, noise elimination, and a novel restoration algorithm based on probability calculation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1324906. [PMID: 38979036 PMCID: PMC11228276 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1324906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Optical microscopy is essential for direct observation of dynamic phenomena in living cells. According to the classic optical theories, the images obtained through light microscopes are blurred for about half the wavelength of light, and therefore small structures below this "diffraction limit" were thought unresolvable by conventional optical microscopy. In reality, accurately obtained optical images contain complete information about the observed objects. Temporal resolution is also important for the observation of dynamic phenomena. A challenge exists here to overcome the trade-off between the time required for measurement and the accuracy of the measurement. The present paper describes a concrete methodology for reconstructing the structure of an observed object, based on the information contained in the image obtained by optical microscopy. It is realized by accurate single photon counting, complete noise elimination, and a novel restoration algorithm based on probability calculation. This method has been implemented in the Super-resolution Confocal Live Imaging Microscopy (SCLIM) we developed. The new system named SCLIM2M achieves unprecedented high spatiotemporal resolution. We have succeeded in capturing sub-diffraction-limit structures with millisecond-level dynamics of organelles and vesicles in living cells, which were never observed by conventional optical microscopy. Actual examples of the high-speed and high-resolution 4D observation of living cells are presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Miyashiro
- Live Cell Super-Resolution Imaging Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takuro Tojima
- Live Cell Super-Resolution Imaging Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Akihiko Nakano
- Live Cell Super-Resolution Imaging Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liu M, Duan Y, Dong J, Zhang K, Jin X, Gao M, Jia H, Chen J, Liu M, Wei M, Zhong X. Early signs of neurodegenerative diseases: Possible mechanisms and targets for Golgi stress. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116646. [PMID: 38692058 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The Golgi apparatus plays a crucial role in mediating the modification, transport, and sorting of intracellular proteins and lipids. The morphological changes occurring in the Golgi apparatus are exceptionally important for maintaining its function. When exposed to external pressure or environmental stimulation, the Golgi apparatus undergoes adaptive changes in both structure and function, which are known as Golgi stress. Although certain signal pathway responses or post-translational modifications have been observed following Golgi stress, further research is needed to comprehensively summarize and understand the related mechanisms. Currently, there is evidence linking Golgi stress to neurodegenerative diseases; however, the role of Golgi stress in the progression of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease remains largely unexplored. This review focuses on the structural and functional alterations of the Golgi apparatus during stress, elucidating potential mechanisms underlying the involvement of Golgi stress in regulating immunity, autophagy, and metabolic processes. Additionally, it highlights the pivotal role of Golgi stress as an early signaling event implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, this study summarizes prospective targets that can be therapeutically exploited to mitigate neurodegenerative diseases by targeting Golgi stress. These findings provide a theoretical foundation for identifying novel breakthroughs in preventing and treating neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Liu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Ying Duan
- Liaoning Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shayang, Liaoning 110005, China
| | - Jianru Dong
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Kaisong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Xin Jin
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Menglin Gao
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Huachao Jia
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Ju Chen
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Mingyan Liu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China.
| | - Minjie Wei
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China; Liaoning Medical Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shenyang, Liaoning 110167, China.
| | - Xin Zhong
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Benvenuto G, Leone S, Astoricchio E, Bormke S, Jasek S, D'Aniello E, Kittelmann M, McDonald K, Hartenstein V, Baena V, Escrivà H, Bertrand S, Schierwater B, Burkhardt P, Ruiz-Trillo I, Jékely G, Ullrich-Lüter J, Lüter C, D'Aniello S, Arnone MI, Ferraro F. Evolution of the ribbon-like organization of the Golgi apparatus in animal cells. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113791. [PMID: 38428420 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The "ribbon," a structural arrangement in which Golgi stacks connect to each other, is considered to be restricted to vertebrate cells. Although ribbon disruption is linked to various human pathologies, its functional role in cellular processes remains unclear. In this study, we investigate the evolutionary origin of the Golgi ribbon. We observe a ribbon-like architecture in the cells of several metazoan taxa suggesting its early emergence in animal evolution predating the appearance of vertebrates. Supported by AlphaFold2 modeling, we propose that the evolution of Golgi reassembly and stacking protein (GRASP) binding by golgin tethers may have driven the joining of Golgi stacks resulting in the ribbon-like configuration. Additionally, we find that Golgi ribbon assembly is a shared developmental feature of deuterostomes, implying a role in embryogenesis. Overall, our study points to the functional significance of the Golgi ribbon beyond vertebrates and underscores the need for further investigations to unravel its elusive biological roles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Benvenuto
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), Naples, Italy
| | - Serena Leone
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), Naples, Italy
| | - Emanuele Astoricchio
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), Naples, Italy
| | | | - Sanja Jasek
- Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK; Heidelberg University, Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Enrico D'Aniello
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), Naples, Italy
| | - Maike Kittelmann
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Kent McDonald
- Electron Microscope Lab, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Volker Hartenstein
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Valentina Baena
- Department of Cell Biology, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Héctor Escrivà
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins, BIOM, Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
| | - Stephanie Bertrand
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins, BIOM, Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
| | - Bernd Schierwater
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Hannover University of Veterinary Medicine Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Iñaki Ruiz-Trillo
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta, Barcelona, Spain; ICREA, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gáspár Jékely
- Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK; Heidelberg University, Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | - Salvatore D'Aniello
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Ina Arnone
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Ferraro
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), Naples, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tojima T, Suda Y, Jin N, Kurokawa K, Nakano A. Spatiotemporal dissection of the Golgi apparatus and the ER-Golgi intermediate compartment in budding yeast. eLife 2024; 13:e92900. [PMID: 38501165 PMCID: PMC10950332 DOI: 10.7554/elife.92900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Cargo traffic through the Golgi apparatus is mediated by cisternal maturation, but it remains largely unclear how the cis-cisternae, the earliest Golgi sub-compartment, is generated and how the Golgi matures into the trans-Golgi network (TGN). Here, we use high-speed and high-resolution confocal microscopy to analyze the spatiotemporal dynamics of a diverse set of proteins that reside in and around the Golgi in budding yeast. We find many mobile punctate structures that harbor yeast counterparts of mammalian endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC) proteins, which we term 'yeast ERGIC'. It occasionally exhibits approach and contact behavior toward the ER exit sites and gradually matures into the cis-Golgi. Upon treatment with the Golgi-disrupting agent brefeldin A, the ERGIC proteins form larger aggregates corresponding to the Golgi entry core compartment in plants, while cis- and medial-Golgi proteins are absorbed into the ER. We further analyze the dynamics of several late Golgi proteins to better understand the Golgi-TGN transition. Together with our previous studies, we demonstrate a detailed spatiotemporal profile of the entire cisternal maturation process from the ERGIC to the Golgi and further to the TGN.
Collapse
Grants
- KAKENHI 19K06669 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- KAKENHI 19H04764 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- KAKENHI 22K06213 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- CREST JPMJCR21E3 Japan Science and Technology Agency
- KAKENHI 17H06420 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- KAKENHI 18H05275 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- KAKENHI 23H00382 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takuro Tojima
- Live Cell Super-Resolution Imaging Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced PhotonicsWakoJapan
| | - Yasuyuki Suda
- Live Cell Super-Resolution Imaging Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced PhotonicsWakoJapan
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
| | - Natsuko Jin
- Live Cell Super-Resolution Imaging Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced PhotonicsWakoJapan
| | - Kazuo Kurokawa
- Live Cell Super-Resolution Imaging Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced PhotonicsWakoJapan
| | - Akihiko Nakano
- Live Cell Super-Resolution Imaging Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced PhotonicsWakoJapan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Iacobescu GL, Corlatescu AD, Popa M, Iacobescu L, Cirstoiu C, Orban C. Exploring the Implications of Golgi Apparatus Dysfunction in Bone Diseases. Cureus 2024; 16:e56982. [PMID: 38665758 PMCID: PMC11045246 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The Golgi apparatus is an organelle responsible for protein processing, sorting, and transport in cells. Recent research has shed light on its possible role in the pathogenesis of various bone diseases. This review seeks to explore its significance in osteoporosis, osteogenesis imperfecta, and other bone conditions such as dysplasias. Numerous lines of evidence demonstrate that perturbations to Golgi apparatus function can disrupt post-translational protein modification, folding and trafficking functions crucial for bone formation, mineralization, and remodeling. Abnormalities related to glycosylation, protein sorting, or vesicular transport in Golgi have been associated with altered osteoblast and osteoclast function, compromised extracellular matrix composition, as well as disrupted signaling pathways involved with homeostasis of bones. Mutations or dysregulation of Golgi-associated proteins, including golgins and coat protein complex I and coat protein complex II coat components, have also been implicated in bone diseases. Such genetic alterations may disrupt Golgi structure, membrane dynamics, and protein transport, leading to bone phenotype abnormalities. Understanding the links between Golgi apparatus dysfunction and bone diseases could provide novel insights into disease pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets. Future research should focus on unraveling specific molecular mechanisms underlying Golgi dysfunction associated with bone diseases to develop targeted interventions for restoring normal bone homeostasis while decreasing clinical manifestations associated with these issues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georgian L Iacobescu
- Orthopaedics and Traumatology Department, University Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, ROU
- Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, ROU
| | | | - Mihnea Popa
- Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, ROU
- Orthopaedics and Traumatology Department, University Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, ROU
| | - Loredana Iacobescu
- Cardiology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, ROU
- Cardiology Department, University Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, ROU
| | - Catalin Cirstoiu
- Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, ROU
- Orthopaedics and Traumatology Department, University Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, ROU
| | - Carmen Orban
- Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, ROU
- Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Department, University Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, ROU
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ebner M, Puchkov D, López-Ortega O, Muthukottiappan P, Su Y, Schmied C, Zillmann S, Nikonenko I, Koddebusch J, Dornan GL, Lucht MT, Koka V, Jang W, Koch PA, Wallroth A, Lehmann M, Brügger B, Pende M, Winter D, Haucke V. Nutrient-regulated control of lysosome function by signaling lipid conversion. Cell 2023; 186:5328-5346.e26. [PMID: 37883971 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Lysosomes serve dual antagonistic functions in cells by mediating anabolic growth signaling and the catabolic turnover of macromolecules. How these janus-faced activities are regulated in response to cellular nutrient status is poorly understood. We show here that lysosome morphology and function are reversibly controlled by a nutrient-regulated signaling lipid switch that triggers the conversion between peripheral motile mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling-active and static mTORC1-inactive degradative lysosomes clustered at the cell center. Starvation-triggered relocalization of phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI(4)P)-metabolizing enzymes reshapes the lysosomal surface proteome to facilitate lysosomal proteolysis and to repress mTORC1 signaling. Concomitantly, lysosomal phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI(3)P), which marks motile signaling-active lysosomes in the cell periphery, is erased. Interference with this PI(3)P/PI(4)P lipid switch module impairs the adaptive response of cells to altering nutrient supply. Our data unravel a key function for lysosomal phosphoinositide metabolism in rewiring organellar membrane dynamics in response to cellular nutrient status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Ebner
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dmytro Puchkov
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Orestes López-Ortega
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Pathma Muthukottiappan
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Faculty, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Yanwei Su
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christopher Schmied
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Silke Zillmann
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Iryna Nikonenko
- Department of Basic Neurosciences and the Center for Neuroscience, CMU, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Jochen Koddebusch
- Heidelberg University Biochemistry Center (BZH), Im Neuenheimer Feld 328, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gillian L Dornan
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Max T Lucht
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Vonda Koka
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Wonyul Jang
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Alexander Wallroth
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Lehmann
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Britta Brügger
- Heidelberg University Biochemistry Center (BZH), Im Neuenheimer Feld 328, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mario Pende
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Dominic Winter
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Faculty, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Volker Haucke
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), 13125 Berlin, Germany; Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Vitali T, Sanchez-Alvarez R, Witkos TM, Bantounas I, Cutiongco MFA, Dudek M, Yan G, Mironov AA, Swift J, Lowe M. Vimentin intermediate filaments provide structural stability to the mammalian Golgi complex. J Cell Sci 2023; 136:jcs260577. [PMID: 37732478 PMCID: PMC10617613 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.260577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The Golgi complex comprises a connected ribbon of stacked cisternal membranes localized to the perinuclear region in most vertebrate cells. The position and morphology of this organelle depends upon interactions with microtubules and the actin cytoskeleton. In contrast, we know relatively little about the relationship of the Golgi complex with intermediate filaments (IFs). In this study, we show that the Golgi is in close physical proximity to vimentin IFs in cultured mouse and human cells. We also show that the trans-Golgi network coiled-coil protein GORAB can physically associate with vimentin IFs. Loss of vimentin and/or GORAB had a modest effect upon Golgi structure at the steady state. The Golgi underwent more rapid disassembly upon chemical disruption with brefeldin A or nocodazole, and slower reassembly upon drug washout, in vimentin knockout cells. Moreover, loss of vimentin caused reduced Golgi ribbon integrity when cells were cultured on high-stiffness hydrogels, which was exacerbated by loss of GORAB. These results indicate that vimentin IFs contribute to the structural stability of the Golgi complex and suggest a role for GORAB in this process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Vitali
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, The Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Rosa Sanchez-Alvarez
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, The Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Tomasz M. Witkos
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, The Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Ioannis Bantounas
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, The Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Marie F. A. Cutiongco
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Michal Dudek
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Guanhua Yan
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, The Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Alexander A. Mironov
- Electron Microscopy Core Facility, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, The Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Joe Swift
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Martin Lowe
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, The Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Fuentes LA, Marin Z, Tyson J, Baddeley D, Bewersdorf J. The nanoscale organization of reticulon 4 shapes local endoplasmic reticulum structure in situ. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:e202301112. [PMID: 37516910 PMCID: PMC10373298 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202301112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum's (ER's) structure is directly linked to the many functions of the ER, but its formation is not fully understood. We investigate how the ER-membrane curving protein reticulon 4 (Rtn4) localizes to and organizes in the membrane and how that affects the local ER structure. We show a strong correlation between the local Rtn4 density and the local ER membrane curvature. Our data further reveal that the typical ER tubule possesses an elliptical cross-section with Rtn4 enriched at either end of the major axis. Rtn4 oligomers are linear shaped, contain about five copies of the protein, and preferentially orient parallel to the tubule axis. Our observations support a mechanism in which oligomerization leads to an increase of the local Rtn4 concentration with each molecule, increasing membrane curvature through a hairpin wedging mechanism. This quantitative analysis of Rtn4 and its effects on the ER membrane result in a new model of tubule shape as it relates to Rtn4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas A. Fuentes
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Zach Marin
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jonathan Tyson
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - David Baddeley
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Joerg Bewersdorf
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Jackson KG, Way GW, Zeng J, Lipp MK, Zhou H. The Dynamic Role of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Chronic Liver Disease. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2023; 193:1389-1399. [PMID: 37028592 PMCID: PMC10548273 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2023.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Chronic liver disease (CLD) is a major worldwide public health threat, with an estimated prevalence of 1.5 billion individuals with CLD in 2020. Chronic activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related pathways is recognized as substantially contributing to the pathologic progression of CLD. The ER is an intracellular organelle that folds proteins into their correct three-dimensional shapes. ER-associated enzymes and chaperone proteins highly regulate this process. Perturbations in protein folding lead to misfolded or unfolded protein accumulation in the ER lumen, resulting in ER stress and concomitant activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR). The adaptive UPR is a set of signal transduction pathways evolved in mammalian cells that attempts to reestablish ER protein homeostasis by reducing protein load and increasing ER-associated degradation. However, maladaptive UPR responses in CLD occur due to prolonged UPR activation, leading to concomitant inflammation and cell death. This review assesses the current understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms that regulate ER stress and the UPR in the progression of various liver diseases and the potential pharmacologic and biological interventions that target the UPR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn G Jackson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Grayson W Way
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia; Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Jing Zeng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia; Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Marissa K Lipp
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Huiping Zhou
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia; Central Virginia Veterans Healthcare System, Richmond, Virginia.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Meissner JM, Akhmetova K, Szul T, Viktorova EG, Sha B, Bhatt JM, Lee EJ, Kahn RA, Belov GA, Chesnokov I, Sztul E. The Arf-GEF GBF1 undergoes multi-domain structural shifts to activate Arf at the Golgi. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1233272. [PMID: 37745300 PMCID: PMC10512945 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1233272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Golgi homeostasis require the activation of Arf GTPases by the guanine-nucleotide exchange factor requires GBF1, whose recruitment to the Golgi represents a rate limiting step in the process. GBF1 contains a conserved, catalytic, Sec7 domain (Sec7d) and five additional (DCB, HUS, HDS1-3) domains. Herein, we identify the HDS3 domain as essential for GBF1 membrane association in mammalian cells and document the critical role of HDS3 during the development of Drosophila melanogaster. We show that upon binding to Golgi membranes, GBF1 undergoes conformational changes in regions bracketing the catalytic Sec7d. We illuminate GBF1 interdomain arrangements by negative staining electron microscopy of full-length human GBF1 to show that GBF1 forms an anti-parallel dimer held together by the paired central DCB-HUS core, with two sets of HDS1-3 arms extending outward in opposite directions. The catalytic Sec7d protrudes from the central core as a largely independent domain, but is closely opposed to a previously unassigned α-helix from the HDS1 domain. Based on our data, we propose models of GBF1 engagement on the membrane to provide a paradigm for understanding GBF1-mediated Arf activation required for cellular and organismal function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justyna M. Meissner
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Katarina Akhmetova
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Tomasz Szul
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Ekaterina G. Viktorova
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Bingdong Sha
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Jay M. Bhatt
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Eunjoo J. Lee
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Richard A. Kahn
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - George A. Belov
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Igor Chesnokov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Elizabeth Sztul
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Fang Z, Chen H. The in vivo drug delivery pattern of the organelle-targeting small molecules. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 200:115020. [PMID: 37481114 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Eukaryotic cell organelles sustain the life of cells. Their structural changes and dysfunctions can cause abnormal physiological activities and lead to various diseases. Molecular imaging technology enables the visualization of subcellular structures, cells, organs, and the whole living body's structure and metabolism dynamic changes. This could help to reveal the pharmacology mechanisms and drug delivery pathway in vivo. This article discusses the relationship between organelles and human disease, reviews recent probes targeting organelles and their behavior in vivo. We found that mitochondria-targeting probes prefer accumulation in the intestine, heart, and tumor. The lysosome-targeting probe accumulates in the intestine and tumor. Few studies on endoplasmic reticulum- or Golgi apparatus-targeting probes have been reported for in vivo imaging. We hope this review could provide new insights for developing and applying organelle-targeting probes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Fang
- Molecular Imaging Center, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Molecular Imaging Center, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Meng X, Wijaya CS, Shao Q, Xu S. Triggered Golgi membrane enrichment promotes PtdIns(4,5)P2 generation for plasma membrane repair. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:214098. [PMID: 37158801 PMCID: PMC10176212 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202303017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The maintenance of plasma membrane integrity and a capacity for efficiently repairing damaged membranes are essential for cell survival. Large-scale wounding depletes various membrane components at the wound sites, including phosphatidylinositols, yet little is known about how phosphatidylinositols are generated after depletion. Here, working with our in vivo C. elegans epidermal cell wounding model, we discovered phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PtdIns4P) accumulation and local phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [PtdIns(4,5)P2] generation at the wound site. We found that PtdIns(4,5)P2 generation depends on the delivery of PtdIns4P, PI4K, and PI4P 5-kinase PPK-1. In addition, we show that wounding triggers enrichment of the Golgi membrane to the wound site, and that is required for membrane repair. Moreover, genetic and pharmacological inhibitor experiments support that the Golgi membrane provides the PtdIns4P for PtdIns(4,5)P2 generation at the wounds. Our findings demonstrate how the Golgi apparatus facilitates membrane repair in response to wounding and offers a valuable perspective on cellular survival mechanisms upon mechanical stress in a physiological context.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinan Meng
- International Biomedicine-X Research Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine and the Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute , Haining Zhejiang, China
| | - Chandra Sugiarto Wijaya
- Department of Burn and Wound Repair of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou Zhejiang, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou Zhejiang, China
| | - Qingfang Shao
- International Biomedicine-X Research Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine and the Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute , Haining Zhejiang, China
| | - Suhong Xu
- International Biomedicine-X Research Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine and the Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute , Haining Zhejiang, China
- Department of Burn and Wound Repair of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou Zhejiang, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Fan D, Cao Y, Cao M, Wang Y, Cao Y, Gong T. Nanomedicine in cancer therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:293. [PMID: 37544972 PMCID: PMC10404590 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01536-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 87.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains a highly lethal disease in the world. Currently, either conventional cancer therapies or modern immunotherapies are non-tumor-targeted therapeutic approaches that cannot accurately distinguish malignant cells from healthy ones, giving rise to multiple undesired side effects. Recent advances in nanotechnology, accompanied by our growing understanding of cancer biology and nano-bio interactions, have led to the development of a series of nanocarriers, which aim to improve the therapeutic efficacy while reducing off-target toxicity of the encapsulated anticancer agents through tumor tissue-, cell-, or organelle-specific targeting. However, the vast majority of nanocarriers do not possess hierarchical targeting capability, and their therapeutic indices are often compromised by either poor tumor accumulation, inefficient cellular internalization, or inaccurate subcellular localization. This Review outlines current and prospective strategies in the design of tumor tissue-, cell-, and organelle-targeted cancer nanomedicines, and highlights the latest progress in hierarchical targeting technologies that can dynamically integrate these three different stages of static tumor targeting to maximize therapeutic outcomes. Finally, we briefly discuss the current challenges and future opportunities for the clinical translation of cancer nanomedicines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dahua Fan
- Shunde Women and Children's Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, 528300, China.
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518035, China.
| | - Yongkai Cao
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Meiqun Cao
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Yajun Wang
- Shunde Women and Children's Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, 528300, China
| | | | - Tao Gong
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sawada S, Yoshikawa M, Tsutsui K, Miyazaki T, Kano K, Mishiro-Sato E, Tsukiji S. Palmitoylation-Dependent Small-Molecule Fluorescent Probes for Live-Cell Golgi Imaging. ACS Chem Biol 2023; 18:1047-1053. [PMID: 37098188 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.3c00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
Small-molecule fluorescent probes enabling visualization of the Golgi apparatus in living cells are essential tools for studying Golgi-associated biological processes and diseases. So far, several fluorescent Golgi stains have been developed by linking ceramide lipids to fluorophores. However, ceramide-based probes suffer from cumbersome staining procedures and low Golgi specificity. Here, we introduce fluorescent Golgi-staining probes based on the tri-N-methylated myristoyl-Gly-Cys (myrGC3Me) motif. The cell-permeable myrGC3Me motif localizes to the Golgi membrane upon S-palmitoylation. By modularly conjugating the myrGC3Me motif to fluorophores, we developed blue, green, and red fluorescent Golgi probes, all of which allowed simple and rapid staining of the Golgi in living cells with high specificity and no cytotoxicity. The probe was also applicable to the visualization of dynamic changes of the Golgi morphology induced by drug treatments and during cell division. The present work provides an entirely new series of live-cell Golgi probes useful for cell biological and diagnostic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Sawada
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Masaru Yoshikawa
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Keita Tsutsui
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Tomoki Miyazaki
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Keiko Kano
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Emi Mishiro-Sato
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Shinya Tsukiji
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Sumya FT, Pokrovskaya ID, D'Souza Z, Lupashin VV. Acute COG complex inactivation unveiled its immediate impact on Golgi and illuminated the nature of intra-Golgi recycling vesicles. Traffic 2023; 24:52-75. [PMID: 36468177 PMCID: PMC9969905 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Conserved Oligomeric Golgi (COG) complex controls Golgi trafficking and glycosylation, but the precise COG mechanism is unknown. The auxin-inducible acute degradation system was employed to investigate initial defects resulting from COG dysfunction. We found that acute COG inactivation caused a massive accumulation of COG-dependent (CCD) vesicles that carry the bulk of Golgi enzymes and resident proteins. v-SNAREs (GS15, GS28) and v-tethers (giantin, golgin84, and TMF1) were relocalized into CCD vesicles, while t-SNAREs (STX5, YKT6), t-tethers (GM130, p115), and most of Rab proteins remained Golgi-associated. Airyscan microscopy and velocity gradient analysis revealed that different Golgi residents are segregated into different populations of CCD vesicles. Acute COG depletion significantly affected three Golgi-based vesicular coats-COPI, AP1, and GGA, suggesting that COG uniquely orchestrates tethering of multiple types of intra-Golgi CCD vesicles produced by different coat machineries. This study provided the first detailed view of primary cellular defects associated with COG dysfunction in human cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farhana Taher Sumya
- Department of Physiology and Cell BiologyUniversity of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockArkansasUSA
| | - Irina D. Pokrovskaya
- Department of Physiology and Cell BiologyUniversity of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockArkansasUSA
| | - Zinia D'Souza
- Department of Physiology and Cell BiologyUniversity of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockArkansasUSA
| | - Vladimir V. Lupashin
- Department of Physiology and Cell BiologyUniversity of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockArkansasUSA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Fuentes LA, Marin Z, Tyson J, Baddeley D, Bewersdorf J. The nanoscale organization of reticulon 4 shapes local endoplasmic reticulum structure in situ. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.26.525608. [PMID: 36747764 PMCID: PMC9900957 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.26.525608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The endoplasmic reticulum’s (ER) structure is directly linked to the many functions of the ER but its formation is not fully understood. We investigate how the ER-membrane curving protein reticulon 4 (Rtn4) localizes to and organizes in the membrane and how that affects local ER structure. We show a strong correlation between the local Rtn4 density and the local ER membrane curvature. Our data further reveal that the typical ER tubule possesses an elliptical cross-section with Rtn4 enriched at either end of the major axis. Rtn4 oligomers are linear-shaped, contain about five copies of the protein, and preferentially orient parallel to the tubule axis. Our observations support a mechanism in which oligomerization leads to an increase of the local Rtn4 concentration with each molecule increasing membrane curvature through a hairpin wedging mechanism. This quantitative analysis of Rtn4 and its effects on the ER membrane result in a new model of tubule shape as it relates to Rtn4. SUMMARY Rtn4 forms linear-shaped oligomers that contain an average of five Rtn4 proteins, localize to the sides of elliptical tubules, prefer orientations near parallel to the tubule axis, and increase local curvature of the ER membrane by increasing local Rtn4 density.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas A. Fuentes
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Zach Marin
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jonathan Tyson
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - David Baddeley
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Joerg Bewersdorf
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ito Y, Uemura T. Super resolution live imaging: The key for unveiling the true dynamics of membrane traffic around the Golgi apparatus in plant cells. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1100757. [PMID: 36618665 PMCID: PMC9818705 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1100757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In contrast to the relatively static image of the plants, the world inside each cell is surprisingly dynamic. Membrane-bounded organelles move actively on the cytoskeletons and exchange materials by vesicles, tubules, or direct contact between each other. In order to understand what is happening during those events, it is essential to visualize the working components in vivo. After the breakthrough made by the application of fluorescent proteins, the development of light microscopy enabled many discoveries in cell biology, including those about the membrane traffic in plant cells. Especially, super-resolution microscopy, which is becoming more and more accessible, is now one of the most powerful techniques. However, although the spatial resolution has improved a lot, there are still some difficulties in terms of the temporal resolution, which is also a crucial parameter for the visualization of the living nature of the intracellular structures. In this review, we will introduce the super resolution microscopy developed especially for live-cell imaging with high temporal resolution, and show some examples that were made by this tool in plant membrane research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Ito
- Institute for Human Life Science, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Uemura
- Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Li J, Zhang J, Bui S, Ahat E, Kolli D, Reid W, Xing L, Wang Y. Common Assays in Mammalian Golgi Studies. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2557:303-332. [PMID: 36512224 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2639-9_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The Golgi is a complex structure characterized by stacks of tightly aligned flat cisternae. In mammalian cells, Golgi stacks often concentrate in the perinuclear region and link together to form a ribbon. This structure is dynamic to accommodate continuous cargo flow in and out of the Golgi in both directions and undergoes morphological changes under physiological and pathological conditions. The fine, stacked Golgi structure makes it difficult to study by conventional light or even super-resolution microscopy. Furthermore, efforts to understand how Golgi structural dynamics impact cellular processes have been slow because of the knowledge gap in the protein machinery that maintains the complex and dynamic Golgi structure. In this method article, we list the common assays used in our research to help new and established researchers select the most appropriate method to properly address their questions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jianchao Zhang
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sarah Bui
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Erpan Ahat
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Divya Kolli
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Whitney Reid
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lijuan Xing
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yanzhuang Wang
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Solinger JA, Spang A. Sorting of cargo in the tubular endosomal network. Bioessays 2022; 44:e2200158. [DOI: 10.1002/bies.202200158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anne Spang
- Biozentrum University of Basel Basel Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ding L, Liang M, Li C, Ji X, Zhang J, Xie W, Reis RL, Li FR, Gu S, Wang Y. Design Strategies of Tumor-Targeted Delivery Systems Based on 2D Nanomaterials. SMALL METHODS 2022; 6:e2200853. [PMID: 36161304 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202200853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy are nonselective and nonspecific for cell killing, causing serious side effects and threatening the lives of patients. It is of great significance to develop more accurate tumor-targeting therapeutic strategies. Nanotechnology is in a leading position to provide new treatment options for cancer, and it has great potential for selective targeted therapy and controlled drug release. 2D nanomaterials (2D NMs) have broad application prospects in the field of tumor-targeted delivery systems due to their special structure-based functions and excellent optical, electrical, and thermal properties. This review emphasizes the design strategies of tumor-targeted delivery systems based on 2D NMs from three aspects: passive targeting, active targeting, and tumor-microenvironment targeting, in order to promote the rational application of 2D NMs in clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Ding
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570228, P. R. China
- The First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centerof Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Transformation, Shenzhen Immune Cell Therapy Public Service Platform, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Minli Liang
- The First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centerof Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Transformation, Shenzhen Immune Cell Therapy Public Service Platform, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Chenchen Li
- Tumor Precision Targeting Research Center, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Xinting Ji
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570228, P. R. China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Tumor Precision Targeting Research Center, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Weifen Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal
| | - Fu-Rong Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centerof Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Transformation, Shenzhen Immune Cell Therapy Public Service Platform, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Shuo Gu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570228, P. R. China
| | - Yanli Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570228, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Colanzi A, Parashuraman S, Reis CA, Ungar D. Editorial: Does the golgi complex enable oncogenesis? Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1000946. [PMID: 36111334 PMCID: PMC9468973 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1000946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Colanzi
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology “G. Salvatore” (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
- *Correspondence: Antonino Colanzi, ; Setharaman Parashuraman, ; Celso A. Reis, ; Daniel Ungar,
| | - Setharaman Parashuraman
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology “G. Salvatore” (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Chennai, India
- *Correspondence: Antonino Colanzi, ; Setharaman Parashuraman, ; Celso A. Reis, ; Daniel Ungar,
| | - Celso A. Reis
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health—i3S, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- *Correspondence: Antonino Colanzi, ; Setharaman Parashuraman, ; Celso A. Reis, ; Daniel Ungar,
| | - Daniel Ungar
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Antonino Colanzi, ; Setharaman Parashuraman, ; Celso A. Reis, ; Daniel Ungar,
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Shimizu Y, Uemura T. The sorting of cargo proteins in the plant trans-Golgi network. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:957995. [PMID: 36035717 PMCID: PMC9402974 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.957995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Membrane trafficking contributes to distinct protein compositions of organelles and is essential for proper organellar maintenance and functions. The trans-Golgi network (TGN) acts as a sorting station where various cargo proteins are sorted and directed to post-Golgi compartments, such as the multivesicular body or pre-vacuolar compartment, vacuoles, and plasma membrane. The spatial and temporal segregation of cargo proteins within the TGN, which is mediated with different sets of regulators including small GTPases and cargo adaptors, is a fundamental process in the sorting machinery. Recent studies with powerful imaging technologies have suggested that the TGN possesses spatially distinct subdomains or zones for different trafficking pathways. In this review, we will summarize the spatially and dynamically characteristic features of the plant TGN and their relation to cargo protein trafficking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yutaro Shimizu
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Uemura
- Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Li H, Deng C, Tan Y, Dong J, Zhao Y, Wang X, Yang X, Luo J, Gao H, Huang Y, Zhang ZR, Gong T. Chondroitin sulfate-based prodrug nanoparticles enhance photodynamic immunotherapy via Golgi apparatus targeting. Acta Biomater 2022; 146:357-369. [PMID: 35577045 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an emerging therapeutic approach that can inhibit tumor growth by destroying local tumors and activating systemic antitumor immune responses. However, PDT can be ineffective because of photosensitizer aggregation, tumor-induced dendritic cells (DCS) dysfunction and PDT-mediated immunosuppression. Therefore, we designed chondroitin sulfate-based prodrug nanoparticles for the co-delivery of the photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) and retinoic acid (RA), which can reduce PDT-mediated immunosuppression by disrupting the Golgi apparatus and blocking the production of immunosuppressive cytokines. Moreover, CpG oligodeoxynucleotide was combined as immunoadjuvant to promote the maturation of DCs. As expected, the strategy of Golgi apparatus targeting immunotherapy combined PDT was confirmed to relieve PDT-induced immunosuppression, showed excellent PDT antitumor efficacy in B16F10-subcutaneous bearing mice model. Thus, our finding offers a promising approach for photodynamic immunotherapy of advanced cancers. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Golgi apparatus has been shown to be a potential target of immunosuppression for producing several immunosuppressive cytokines. In this work, a Golgi apparatus-targeted prodrug nanoparticle was developed to enhance the immune response in photodynamic immunotherapy. The nanoparticle can target and disrupt the Golgi apparatus in tumor cells, which reduced PDT-mediated immunosuppression by blocking the production of immunosuppressive cytokines. This work provides an effective strategy of PDT in combination with the Golgi apparatus-targeted nanovesicle for enhanced cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haohuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China; Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Caifeng Deng
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China; Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yulu Tan
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Jianxia Dong
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yuanhao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Xiaorong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Xingyue Yang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Jingwen Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology and Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Huile Gao
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Zhi-Rong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Tao Gong
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Rui Q, Tan X, Liu F, Bao Y. An Update on the Key Factors Required for Plant Golgi Structure Maintenance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:933283. [PMID: 35837464 PMCID: PMC9274083 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.933283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plant Golgi apparatus serves as the central station of the secretory pathway and is the site where protein modification and cell wall matrix polysaccharides synthesis occur. The polarized and stacked cisternal structure is a prerequisite for Golgi function. Our understanding of Golgi structure maintenance and trafficking are largely obtained from mammals and yeast, yet, plant Golgi has many different aspects. In this review, we summarize the key players in Golgi maintenance demonstrated by genetic studies in plants, which function in ER-Golgi, intra-Golgi and post-Golgi transport pathways. Among these, we emphasize on players in intra-Golgi trafficking.
Collapse
|
31
|
Ayala I, Colanzi A. Structural Organization and Function of the Golgi Ribbon During Cell Division. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:925228. [PMID: 35813197 PMCID: PMC9263219 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.925228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The Golgi complex has a central role in the secretory traffic. In vertebrate cells it is generally organized in polarized stacks of cisternae that are laterally connected by membranous tubules, forming a structure known as Golgi ribbon. The steady state ribbon arrangement results from a dynamic equilibrium between formation and cleavage of the membrane tubules connecting the stacks. This balance is of great physiological relevance as the unlinking of the ribbon during G2 is required for mitotic entry. A block of this process induces a potent G2 arrest of the cell cycle, indicating that a mitotic “Golgi checkpoint” controls the correct pre-mitotic segregation of the Golgi ribbon. Then, after mitosis onset, the Golgi stacks undergo an extensive disassembly, which is necessary for proper spindle formation. Notably, several Golgi-associated proteins acquire new roles in spindle formation and mitotic progression during mitosis. Here we summarize the current knowledge about the basic principle of the Golgi architecture and its functional relationship with cell division to highlight crucial aspects that need to be addressed to help us understand the physiological significance of the ribbon and the pathological implications of alterations of this organization.
Collapse
|
32
|
Cao Q, Zhang W, Liu X, Li Y. AtFTCD-L, a trans-Golgi network localized protein, modulates root growth of Arabidopsis in high-concentration agar culture medium. PLANTA 2022; 256:3. [PMID: 35637390 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-03911-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
AtFTCD-L protein is localized on the TGN vesicles in Arabidopsis root cap cells. AtFTCD-L mutation resulted in slow root growth of Arabidopsis in high-concentration agar culture medium. Arabidopsis formiminotransferase cyclodeaminase-like protein (AtFTCD-L) in Arabidopsis is homologous to the formiminotransferase cyclodeaminase (FTCD) protein in animal cells. However, the localization and function of AtFTCD-L remain unknown in Arabidopsis. In this study, we generated and analyzed a deletion mutant of AtFTCD-L with a T-DNA insertion. We found that the growth of Arabidopsis roots with the T-DNA insertion mutation in AtFTCD-L was slower than that of wild-type roots when grown in high-concentration 1/2 MS agar culture medium. AtFTCD-L-GFP could restore the ftcd-l mutant phenotype. In addition, the AtFTCD-L protein was localized on the trans-Golgi network (TGN) vesicles in Arabidopsis root cap cells. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) experiment using Arabidopsis pollen-specific receptor-like kinase-GFP (AtPRK1-GFP) stably transformed plants showed that the deficiency of AtFTCD-L protein in Arabidopsis led to slower secretion in the root cap peripheral cells. The AtFTCD-L protein deficiency also resulted in a significantly reduced monosaccharides content in the culture medium. Based on the above results, we speculate that the AtFTCD-L protein may be involved in sorting and/or transportation of TGN vesicles in root cap peripheral cells, thereby regulating the extracellular secretion of mucilage components in the root cap.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qijiang Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Shenyang University, Liaoning, 110044, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xinyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Nakano A. The Golgi Apparatus and its Next-Door Neighbors. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:884360. [PMID: 35573670 PMCID: PMC9096111 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.884360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Golgi apparatus represents a central compartment of membrane traffic. Its apparent architecture, however, differs considerably among species, from unstacked and scattered cisternae in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae to beautiful ministacks in plants and further to gigantic ribbon structures typically seen in mammals. Considering the well-conserved functions of the Golgi, its fundamental structure must have been optimized despite seemingly different architectures. In addition to the core layers of cisternae, the Golgi is usually accompanied by next-door compartments on its cis and trans sides. The trans-Golgi network (TGN) can be now considered as a compartment independent from the Golgi stack. On the cis side, the intermediate compartment between the ER and the Golgi (ERGIC) has been known in mammalian cells, and its functional equivalent is now suggested for yeast and plant cells. High-resolution live imaging is extremely powerful for elucidating the dynamics of these compartments and has revealed amazing similarities in their behaviors, indicating common mechanisms conserved along the long course of evolution. From these new findings, I would like to propose reconsideration of compartments and suggest a new concept to describe their roles comprehensively around the Golgi and in the post-Golgi trafficking.
Collapse
|
34
|
Hobohm L, Koudelka T, Bahr FH, Truberg J, Kapell S, Schacht SS, Meisinger D, Mengel M, Jochimsen A, Hofmann A, Heintz L, Tholey A, Voss M. N-terminome analyses underscore the prevalence of SPPL3-mediated intramembrane proteolysis among Golgi-resident enzymes and its role in Golgi enzyme secretion. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:185. [PMID: 35279766 PMCID: PMC8918473 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04163-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Golgi membrane proteins such as glycosyltransferases and other glycan-modifying enzymes are key to glycosylation of proteins and lipids. Secretion of soluble Golgi enzymes that are released from their membrane anchor by endoprotease activity is a wide-spread yet largely unexplored phenomenon. The intramembrane protease SPPL3 can specifically cleave select Golgi enzymes, enabling their secretion and concomitantly altering global cellular glycosylation, yet the entire range of Golgi enzymes cleaved by SPPL3 under physiological conditions remains to be defined. Here, we established isogenic SPPL3-deficient HEK293 and HeLa cell lines and applied N-terminomics to identify substrates cleaved by SPPL3 and released into cell culture supernatants. With high confidence, our study identifies more than 20 substrates of SPPL3, including entirely novel substrates. Notably, our N-terminome analyses provide a comprehensive list of SPPL3 cleavage sites demonstrating that SPPL3-mediated shedding of Golgi enzymes occurs through intramembrane proteolysis. Through the use of chimeric glycosyltransferase constructs we show that transmembrane domains can determine cleavage by SPPL3. Using our cleavage site data, we surveyed public proteome data and found that SPPL3 cleavage products are present in human blood. We also generated HEK293 knock-in cells expressing the active site mutant D271A from the endogenous SPPL3 locus. Immunoblot analyses revealed that secretion of select novel substrates such as the key mucin-type O-glycosylation enzyme GALNT2 is dependent on endogenous SPPL3 protease activity. In sum, our study expands the spectrum of known physiological substrates of SPPL3 corroborating its significant role in Golgi enzyme turnover and secretion as well as in the regulation of global glycosylation pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Hobohm
- Institute of Biochemistry, Kiel University, Rudolf-Höber-Str. 1, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Tomas Koudelka
- Systematic Proteome Research and Bioanalytics, Institute for Experimental Medicine, Kiel University, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Fenja H Bahr
- Institute of Biochemistry, Kiel University, Rudolf-Höber-Str. 1, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jule Truberg
- Institute of Biochemistry, Kiel University, Rudolf-Höber-Str. 1, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sebastian Kapell
- National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden (NBIS), Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sarah-Sophie Schacht
- Institute of Biochemistry, Kiel University, Rudolf-Höber-Str. 1, 24118, Kiel, Germany
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Daniel Meisinger
- Institute of Biochemistry, Kiel University, Rudolf-Höber-Str. 1, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Marion Mengel
- Institute of Biochemistry, Kiel University, Rudolf-Höber-Str. 1, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Alexander Jochimsen
- Institute of Biochemistry, Kiel University, Rudolf-Höber-Str. 1, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Anna Hofmann
- Institute of Biochemistry, Kiel University, Rudolf-Höber-Str. 1, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Lukas Heintz
- Institute of Biochemistry, Kiel University, Rudolf-Höber-Str. 1, 24118, Kiel, Germany
- Institute for Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Tholey
- Systematic Proteome Research and Bioanalytics, Institute for Experimental Medicine, Kiel University, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Matthias Voss
- Institute of Biochemistry, Kiel University, Rudolf-Höber-Str. 1, 24118, Kiel, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Mendes LFS, Costa-Filho AJ. A gold revision of the Golgi Dynamics (GOLD) domain structure and associated cell functionalities. FEBS Lett 2022; 596:973-990. [PMID: 35099811 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The classical secretory pathway is the key membrane-based delivery system in eukaryotic cells. Several families of proteins involved in the secretory pathway, with functionalities going from cargo sorting receptors to the maintenance and dynamics of secretory organelles, share soluble globular domains predicted to mediate protein-protein interactions. One of them is "Golgi Dynamics" (GOLD) domain, named after its strong association with the Golgi apparatus. There are many GOLD-containing protein families, such as the Transmembrane emp24 domain-containing proteins (TMED/p24 family), animal SEC14-like proteins, Human Golgi resident protein ACBD3, a splice variant of TICAM2 called TRAM with GOLD domain and FYCO1. Here, we critically review the state-of-the-art knowledge of the structures and functions of the main representatives of GOLD-containing proteins in vertebrates. We provide the first unified description of the GOLD domain structure across different families since the first high-resolution structure was determined. With a brand-new update on the definition of the GOLD domain, we also discuss how its tertiary structure fits the β-sandwich-like fold map and give exciting new directions for forthcoming studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Felipe S Mendes
- Laboratório de Biofísica Molecular, Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - Antonio J Costa-Filho
- Laboratório de Biofísica Molecular, Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Molecular Mechanism of Malignant Transformation of Balb/c-3T3 Cells Induced by Long-Term Exposure to 1800 MHz Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Radiation (RF-EMR). Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9020043. [PMID: 35200397 PMCID: PMC8869874 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9020043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: We aimed to investigate RF-EMR-induced cell malignant transformation. Methods: We divided Balb/c-3T3 cells into sham and expo groups. The expo groups were exposed to a 1800 MHz RF continuous wave for 40 and 60 days, for 4 h per day. The sham group was sham-exposed. Cells were harvested for a cell transformation assay, transplantation in severe combined immune deficient (SCID) mice, soft agar clone formation detection, and a transwell assay. The mRNA microarray assay was used to declare key genes and pathways. Results: The exposed Balb/c-3T3 cells showed a strong increase in cell proliferation and migration. Malignant transformation was observed in expo Balb/c-3T3 cells exposed for 40 days and 60 days, which was symbolized with visible foci and clone formation. Expo Balb/c-3T3 cells that were exposed for 40 days and 60 days produced visible tumors in the SCID mice. Lipid metabolism was the key biological process and pathway involved. The mevalonate (MVA) pathway was the key metabolic pathway. The interacted miRNAs could be further research targets to examine the molecular mechanism of the carcinogenic effects of long-term exposure. Conclusion: Exposure for 40 and 60 days to 1800 MHz RF-EMR induced malignant transformation in Balb/c-3T3 cells at the SAR of 8.0 W/kg. We declared that lipid metabolism was the pivotal biological process and pathway. The MVA pathway was the key metabolic pathway.
Collapse
|
37
|
Casler JC, Johnson N, Krahn AH, Pantazopoulou A, Day KJ, Glick BS. Clathrin adaptors mediate two sequential pathways of intra-Golgi recycling. J Cell Biol 2022; 221:212747. [PMID: 34739034 PMCID: PMC8576872 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202103199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathways of membrane traffic within the Golgi apparatus are not fully known. This question was addressed using the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, in which the maturation of individual Golgi cisternae can be visualized. We recently proposed that the AP-1 clathrin adaptor mediates intra-Golgi recycling late in the process of cisternal maturation. Here, we demonstrate that AP-1 cooperates with the Ent5 clathrin adaptor to recycle a set of Golgi transmembrane proteins, including some that were previously thought to pass through endosomes. This recycling can be detected by removing AP-1 and Ent5, thereby diverting the AP-1/Ent5-dependent Golgi proteins into an alternative recycling loop that involves traffic to the plasma membrane followed by endocytosis. Unexpectedly, various AP-1/Ent5-dependent Golgi proteins show either intermediate or late kinetics of residence in maturing cisternae. We infer that the AP-1/Ent5 pair mediates two sequential intra-Golgi recycling pathways that define two classes of Golgi proteins. This insight can explain the polarized distribution of transmembrane proteins in the Golgi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason C Casler
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Natalie Johnson
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Adam H Krahn
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Areti Pantazopoulou
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Kasey J Day
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Benjamin S Glick
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Hellicar J, Stevenson NL, Stephens DJ, Lowe M. Supply chain logistics - the role of the Golgi complex in extracellular matrix production and maintenance. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:273996. [PMID: 35023559 PMCID: PMC8767278 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.258879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The biomechanical and biochemical properties of connective tissues are determined by the composition and quality of their extracellular matrix. This, in turn, is highly dependent on the function and organisation of the secretory pathway. The Golgi complex plays a vital role in directing matrix output by co-ordinating the post-translational modification and proteolytic processing of matrix components prior to their secretion. These modifications have broad impacts on the secretion and subsequent assembly of matrix components, as well as their function in the extracellular environment. In this Review, we highlight the role of the Golgi in the formation of an adaptable, healthy matrix, with a focus on proteoglycan and procollagen secretion as example cargoes. We then discuss the impact of Golgi dysfunction on connective tissue in the context of human disease and ageing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Hellicar
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, The Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.,Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore, 138673
| | - Nicola L Stevenson
- Cell Biology Laboratories, School of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University Walk, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - David J Stephens
- Cell Biology Laboratories, School of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University Walk, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Martin Lowe
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, The Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Kanazawa T, Nishihama R, Ueda T. Normal oil body formation in Marchantia polymorpha requires functional coat protein complex I proteins. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:979066. [PMID: 36046592 PMCID: PMC9420845 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.979066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Eukaryotic cells possess endomembrane organelles equipped with specific sets of proteins, lipids, and polysaccharides that are fundamental for realizing each organelle's specific function and shape. A tightly regulated membrane trafficking system mediates the transportation and localization of these substances. Generally, the secretory/exocytic pathway is responsible for transporting cargo to the plasma membrane and/or the extracellular space. However, in the case of oil body cells in the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha, the oil body, a liverwort-unique organelle, is thought to be formed by secretory vesicle fusion through redirection of the secretory pathway inside the cell. Although their formation mechanism remains largely unclear, oil bodies exhibit a complex and bumpy surface structure. In this study, we isolated a mutant with spherical oil bodies through visual screening of mutants with abnormally shaped oil bodies. This mutant harbored a mutation in a coat protein complex I (COPI) subunit MpSEC28, and a similar effect on oil body morphology was also detected in knockdown mutants of other COPI subunits. Fluorescently tagged MpSEC28 was localized to the periphery of the Golgi apparatus together with other subunits, suggesting that it is involved in retrograde transport from and/or in the Golgi apparatus as a component of the COPI coat. The Mpsec28 mutants also exhibited weakened stiffness of the thalli, suggesting impaired cell-cell adhesion and cell wall integrity. These findings suggest that the mechanism of cell wall biosynthesis is also involved in shaping the oil body in M. polymorpha, supporting the redirection of the secretory pathway inward the cell during oil body formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takehiko Kanazawa
- Division of Cellular Dynamics, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
- The Department of Basic Biology, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Nishihama
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
| | - Takashi Ueda
- Division of Cellular Dynamics, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
- The Department of Basic Biology, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
- *Correspondence: Takashi Ueda,
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Jung Y, Artan M, Kim N, Yeom J, Hwang AB, Jeong DE, Altintas Ö, Seo K, Seo M, Lee D, Hwang W, Lee Y, Sohn J, Kim EJE, Ju S, Han SK, Nam HJ, Adams L, Ryu Y, Moon DJ, Kang C, Yoo JY, Park SK, Ha CM, Hansen M, Kim S, Lee C, Park SY, Lee SJV. MON-2, a Golgi protein, mediates autophagy-dependent longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabj8156. [PMID: 34860542 PMCID: PMC8641931 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj8156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The Golgi apparatus plays a central role in trafficking cargoes such as proteins and lipids. Defects in the Golgi apparatus lead to various diseases, but its role in organismal longevity is largely unknown. Using a quantitative proteomic approach, we found that a Golgi protein, MON-2, was up-regulated in long-lived Caenorhabditis elegans mutants with mitochondrial respiration defects and was required for their longevity. Similarly, we showed that DOP1/PAD-1, which acts with MON-2 to traffic macromolecules between the Golgi and endosome, contributed to the longevity of respiration mutants. Furthermore, we demonstrated that MON-2 was required for up-regulation of autophagy, a longevity-associated recycling process, by activating the Atg8 ortholog GABARAP/LGG-1 in C. elegans. Consistently, we showed that mammalian MON2 activated GABARAPL2 through physical interaction, which increased autophagic flux in mammalian cells. Thus, the evolutionarily conserved role of MON2 in trafficking between the Golgi and endosome is an integral part of autophagy-mediated longevity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoonji Jung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Murat Artan
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Nari Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Jeonghun Yeom
- Center for Theragnosis, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Ara B. Hwang
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Dae-Eun Jeong
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Özlem Altintas
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Keunhee Seo
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Mihwa Seo
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Dongyeop Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Wooseon Hwang
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Yujin Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Jooyeon Sohn
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Eun Ji E. Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Sungeun Ju
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Seong Kyu Han
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Jun Nam
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Linnea Adams
- Development, Aging, and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Youngjae Ryu
- Research Division and Brain Research Core Facilities of Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu 41068, South Korea
| | - Dong Jin Moon
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Chanhee Kang
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Joo-Yeon Yoo
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Sang Ki Park
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Chang Man Ha
- Research Division and Brain Research Core Facilities of Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu 41068, South Korea
| | - Malene Hansen
- Development, Aging, and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Sanguk Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Cheolju Lee
- Center for Theragnosis, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Seung-Yeol Park
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Seung-Jae V. Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Sardana R, Highland CM, Straight BE, Chavez CF, Fromme JC, Emr SD. Golgi membrane protein Erd1 Is essential for recycling a subset of Golgi glycosyltransferases. eLife 2021; 10:e70774. [PMID: 34821548 PMCID: PMC8616560 DOI: 10.7554/elife.70774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein glycosylation in the Golgi is a sequential process that requires proper distribution of transmembrane glycosyltransferase enzymes in the appropriate Golgi compartments. Some of the cytosolic machinery required for the steady-state localization of some Golgi enzymes are known but existing models do not explain how many of these enzymes are localized. Here, we uncover the role of an integral membrane protein in yeast, Erd1, as a key facilitator of Golgi glycosyltransferase recycling by directly interacting with both the Golgi enzymes and the cytosolic receptor, Vps74. Loss of Erd1 function results in mislocalization of Golgi enzymes to the vacuole/lysosome. We present evidence that Erd1 forms an integral part of the recycling machinery and ensures productive recycling of several early Golgi enzymes. Our work provides new insights on how the localization of Golgi glycosyltransferases is spatially and temporally regulated, and is finely tuned to the cues of Golgi maturation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richa Sardana
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell UniversityIthacaUnited States
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cornell UniversityIthacaUnited States
| | - Carolyn M Highland
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell UniversityIthacaUnited States
| | - Beth E Straight
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell UniversityIthacaUnited States
| | - Christopher F Chavez
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell UniversityIthacaUnited States
| | - J Christopher Fromme
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell UniversityIthacaUnited States
| | - Scott D Emr
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell UniversityIthacaUnited States
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Hello from the other side: Membrane contact of lipid droplets with other organelles and subsequent functional implications. Prog Lipid Res 2021; 85:101141. [PMID: 34793861 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2021.101141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) are ubiquitous organelles that play crucial roles in response to physiological and environmental cues. The identification of several neutral lipid synthesizing and regulatory protein complexes have propelled significant advance on the mechanisms of LD biogenesis in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Increasing evidence suggests that distinct proteins and regulatory factors, which localize to membrane contact sites (MCS), are involved not only in interorganellar lipid exchange and transport, but also function in other important cellular processes, including autophagy, mitochondrial dynamics and inheritance, ion signaling and inter-regulation of these MCS. More and more tethers and molecular determinants are associated to MCS and to a diversity of cellular and pathophysiological processes, demonstrating the dynamics and importance of these junctions in health and disease. The conjugation of lipids with proteins in supramolecular complexes is known to be paramount for many biological processes, namely membrane biosynthesis, cell homeostasis, regulation of organelle division and biogenesis, and cell growth. Ultimately, this physical organization allows the contact sites to function as crucial metabolic hubs that control the occurrence of chemical reactions. This leads to biochemical and metabolite compartmentalization for the purposes of energetic efficiency and cellular homeostasis. In this review, we will focus on the structural and functional aspects of LD-organelle interactions and how they ensure signaling exchange and metabolites transfer between organelles.
Collapse
|
43
|
Focus on the Small GTPase Rab1: A Key Player in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222112087. [PMID: 34769517 PMCID: PMC8584362 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222112087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most frequent neurodegenerative disease. It is characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and the formation of large aggregates in the survival neurons called Lewy bodies, which mainly contain α-synuclein (α-syn). The cause of cell death is not known but could be due to mitochondrial dysfunction, protein homeostasis failure, and alterations in the secretory/endolysosomal/autophagic pathways. Survival nigral neurons overexpress the small GTPase Rab1. This protein is considered a housekeeping Rab that is necessary to support the secretory pathway, the maintenance of the Golgi complex structure, and the regulation of macroautophagy from yeast to humans. It is also involved in signaling, carcinogenesis, and infection for some pathogens. It has been shown that it is directly linked to the pathogenesis of PD and other neurodegenerative diseases. It has a protective effect against α–σψν toxicity and has recently been shown to be a substrate of LRRK2, which is the most common cause of familial PD and the risk of sporadic disease. In this review, we analyze the key aspects of Rab1 function in dopamine neurons and its implications in PD neurodegeneration/restauration. The results of the current and former research support the notion that this GTPase is a good candidate for therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
|
44
|
Congenital disorder of glycosylation caused by starting site-specific variant in syntaxin-5. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6227. [PMID: 34711829 PMCID: PMC8553859 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26534-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The SNARE (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor) protein syntaxin-5 (Stx5) is essential for Golgi transport. In humans, the STX5 mRNA encodes two protein isoforms, Stx5 Long (Stx5L) from the first starting methionine and Stx5 Short (Stx5S) from an alternative starting methionine at position 55. In this study, we identify a human disorder caused by a single missense substitution in the second starting methionine (p.M55V), resulting in complete loss of the short isoform. Patients suffer from an early fatal multisystem disease, including severe liver disease, skeletal abnormalities and abnormal glycosylation. Primary human dermal fibroblasts isolated from these patients show defective glycosylation, altered Golgi morphology as measured by electron microscopy, mislocalization of glycosyltransferases, and compromised ER-Golgi trafficking. Measurements of cognate binding SNAREs, based on biotin-synchronizable forms of Stx5 (the RUSH system) and Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), revealed that the short isoform of Stx5 is essential for intra-Golgi transport. Alternative starting codons of Stx5 are thus linked to human disease, demonstrating that the site of translation initiation is an important new layer of regulating protein trafficking.
Collapse
|
45
|
Xiao P, Ma K, Kang M, Huang L, Wu Q, Song N, Ge J, Li D, Dong J, Wang L, Wang D, Tang BZ. An aggregation-induced emission platform for efficient Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum specific imaging. Chem Sci 2021; 12:13949-13957. [PMID: 34760181 PMCID: PMC8549777 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03932f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
As two important subcellular organelles in eukaryotic cells, the Golgi apparatus (GA) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) have recently captivated much interest due to their considerable importance in many biofunctions and role as critical biomarkers for various diseases. The development of efficient GA- and ER-specific probes is of great significance, but remains an appealing yet significantly challenging task. Herein, we reported for the first time the construction of an aggregation-induced emission (AIE) platform for GA and ER fluorescent probes, termed as AIE-GA and AIE-ER, by facile synthesis and simple functionalization. Their excellent targeting specificity to GA or ER, remarkable photostability, high brightness, and low working concentration make AIE-GA and AIE-ER significantly impressive and superior to commercially available probes. Moreover, molecular docking calculations are performed to validate the targeting mechanism of the two AIE probes. As two important subcellular organelles in eukaryotic cells, the Golgi apparatus (GA) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) have recently captivated much interest due to their considerable importance in many biofunctions and role as critical biomarkers for various diseases.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peihong Xiao
- Center for AIE Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China .,Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Ke Ma
- Center for AIE Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China .,Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Miaomiao Kang
- Center for AIE Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China .,Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Luyi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University Chongqing 400010 China
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research, Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong 999077 China
| | - Nan Song
- Center for AIE Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China .,Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Jinyin Ge
- Center for AIE Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China .,Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Dan Li
- Center for AIE Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China .,Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Jianxia Dong
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 Sichuan Province China
| | - Lei Wang
- Center for AIE Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Dong Wang
- Center for AIE Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research, Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong 999077 China .,Shenzhen Institute of Molecular Aggregate Science and Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen, 2001 Longxiang Boulevard, Longgang District Shenzhen City Guangdong 518172 China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Agaoua A, Bendahmane A, Moquet F, Dogimont C. Membrane Trafficking Proteins: A New Target to Identify Resistance to Viruses in Plants. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10102139. [PMID: 34685948 PMCID: PMC8541145 DOI: 10.3390/plants10102139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Replication cycles from most simple-stranded positive RNA viruses infecting plants involve endomembrane deformations. Recent published data revealed several interactions between viral proteins and plant proteins associated with vesicle formation and movement. These plant proteins belong to the COPI/II, SNARE, clathrin and ESCRT endomembrane trafficking mechanisms. In a few cases, variations of these plant proteins leading to virus resistance have been identified. In this review, we summarize all known interactions between these plant cell mechanisms and viruses and highlight strategies allowing fast identification of variant alleles for membrane-associated proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aimeric Agaoua
- INRAE Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes (GAFL), 84140 Montfavet, France;
| | - Abdelhafid Bendahmane
- Institute of Plant Sciences-Paris-Saclay (IPS2), Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, CNRS, Univ Evry, 91405 Orsay, France;
| | | | - Catherine Dogimont
- INRAE Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes (GAFL), 84140 Montfavet, France;
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Welch LG, Peak-Chew SY, Begum F, Stevens TJ, Munro S. GOLPH3 and GOLPH3L are broad-spectrum COPI adaptors for sorting into intra-Golgi transport vesicles. J Cell Biol 2021; 220:e202106115. [PMID: 34473204 PMCID: PMC8421267 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202106115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The fidelity of Golgi glycosylation is, in part, ensured by compartmentalization of enzymes within the stack. The COPI adaptor GOLPH3 has been shown to interact with the cytoplasmic tails of a subset of Golgi enzymes and direct their retention. However, other mechanisms of retention, and other roles for GOLPH3, have been proposed, and a comprehensive characterization of the clientele of GOLPH3 and its paralogue GOLPH3L is lacking. GOLPH3's role is of particular interest as it is frequently amplified in several solid tumor types. Here, we apply two orthogonal proteomic methods to identify GOLPH3+3L clients and find that they act in diverse glycosylation pathways or have other roles in the Golgi. Binding studies, bioinformatics, and a Golgi retention assay show that GOLPH3+3L bind the cytoplasmic tails of their clients through membrane-proximal positively charged residues. Furthermore, deletion of GOLPH3+3L causes multiple defects in glycosylation. Thus, GOLPH3+3L are major COPI adaptors that impinge on most, if not all, of the glycosylation pathways of the Golgi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sean Munro
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
ER exit sites in Drosophila display abundant ER-Golgi vesicles and pearled tubes but no megacarriers. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109707. [PMID: 34525362 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Secretory cargos are collected at endoplasmic reticulum (ER) exit sites (ERES) before transport to the Golgi apparatus. Decades of research have provided many details of the molecular events underlying ER-Golgi exchanges. Essential questions, however, remain about the organization of the ER-Golgi interface in cells and the type of membrane structures mediating traffic from ERES. To investigate these, we use transgenic tagging in Drosophila flies, 3D-structured illumination microscopy (SIM), and focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) to characterize ERES-Golgi units in collagen-producing fat body, imaginal discs, and imaginal discs overexpressing ERES determinant Tango1. Facing ERES, we find a pre-cis-Golgi region, equivalent to the vertebrate ER-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC), involved in both anterograde and retrograde transport. This pre-cis-Golgi is continuous with the rest of the Golgi, not a separate compartment or collection of large carriers, for which we find no evidence. We observe, however, many vesicles, as well as pearled tubules connecting ERES and Golgi.
Collapse
|
49
|
Protein Sorting in Plasmodium Falciparum. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11090937. [PMID: 34575086 PMCID: PMC8467625 DOI: 10.3390/life11090937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmodium falciparum is a unicellular eukaryote with a very polarized secretory system composed of micronemes rhoptries and dense granules that are required for host cell invasion. P. falciparum, like its relative T. gondii, uses the endolysosomal system to produce the secretory organelles and to ingest host cell proteins. The parasite also has an apicoplast, a secondary endosymbiotic organelle, which depends on vesicular trafficking for appropriate incorporation of nuclear-encoded proteins into the apicoplast. Recently, the central molecules responsible for sorting and trafficking in P. falciparum and T. gondii have been characterized. From these studies, it is now evident that P. falciparum has repurposed the molecules of the endosomal system to the secretory pathway. Additionally, the sorting and vesicular trafficking mechanism seem to be conserved among apicomplexans. This review described the most recent findings on the molecular mechanisms of protein sorting and vesicular trafficking in P. falciparum and revealed that P. falciparum has an amazing secretory machinery that has been cleverly modified to its intracellular lifestyle.
Collapse
|
50
|
Khakurel A, Kudlyk T, Bonifacino JS, Lupashin VV. The Golgi-associated retrograde protein (GARP) complex plays an essential role in the maintenance of the Golgi glycosylation machinery. Mol Biol Cell 2021; 32:1594-1610. [PMID: 34161137 PMCID: PMC8351751 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e21-04-0169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Golgi complex is a central hub for intracellular protein trafficking and glycosylation. Steady-state localization of glycosylation enzymes is achieved by a combination of mechanisms involving retention and recycling, but the machinery governing these mechanisms is poorly understood. Herein we show that the Golgi-associated retrograde protein (GARP) complex is a critical component of this machinery. Using multiple human cell lines, we show that depletion of GARP subunits impairs Golgi modification of N- and O-glycans and reduces the stability of glycoproteins and Golgi enzymes. Moreover, GARP-knockout (KO) cells exhibit reduced retention of glycosylation enzymes in the Golgi. A RUSH assay shows that, in GARP-KO cells, the enzyme beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase 1 is not retained at the Golgi complex but instead is missorted to the endolysosomal system. We propose that the endosomal system is part of the trafficking itinerary of Golgi enzymes or their recycling adaptors and that the GARP complex is essential for recycling and stabilization of the Golgi glycosylation machinery. [Media: see text].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Khakurel
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Little Rock, AR 72205
| | - Tetyana Kudlyk
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Little Rock, AR 72205
| | - Juan S. Bonifacino
- Neurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Vladimir V. Lupashin
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Little Rock, AR 72205
| |
Collapse
|