27
|
Xu J, Dimitrov L, Chang BL, Adams TS, Turner AR, Meyers DA, Eeles RA, Easton DF, Foulkes WD, Simard J, Giles GG, Hopper JL, Mahle L, Moller P, Bishop T, Evans C, Edwards S, Meitz J, Bullock S, Hope Q, Hsieh CL, Halpern J, Balise RN, Oakley-Girvan I, Whittemore AS, Ewing CM, Gielzak M, Isaacs SD, Walsh PC, Wiley KE, Isaacs WB, Thibodeau SN, McDonnell SK, Cunningham JM, Zarfas KE, Hebbring S, Schaid DJ, Friedrichsen DM, Deutsch K, Kolb S, Badzioch M, Jarvik GP, Janer M, Hood L, Ostrander EA, Stanford JL, Lange EM, Beebe-Dimmer JL, Mohai CE, Cooney KA, Ikonen T, Baffoe-Bonnie A, Fredriksson H, Matikainen MP, Tammela TLJ, Bailey-Wilson J, Schleutker J, Maier C, Herkommer K, Hoegel JJ, Vogel W, Paiss T, Wiklund F, Emanuelsson M, Stenman E, Jonsson BA, Grönberg H, Camp NJ, Farnham J, Cannon-Albright LA, Seminara D. A combined genomewide linkage scan of 1,233 families for prostate cancer-susceptibility genes conducted by the international consortium for prostate cancer genetics. Am J Hum Genet 2005; 77:219-29. [PMID: 15988677 PMCID: PMC1224525 DOI: 10.1086/432377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2005] [Accepted: 05/27/2005] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence of the existence of major prostate cancer (PC)-susceptibility genes has been provided by multiple segregation analyses. Although genomewide screens have been performed in over a dozen independent studies, few chromosomal regions have been consistently identified as regions of interest. One of the major difficulties is genetic heterogeneity, possibly due to multiple, incompletely penetrant PC-susceptibility genes. In this study, we explored two approaches to overcome this difficulty, in an analysis of a large number of families with PC in the International Consortium for Prostate Cancer Genetics (ICPCG). One approach was to combine linkage data from a total of 1,233 families to increase the statistical power for detecting linkage. Using parametric (dominant and recessive) and nonparametric analyses, we identified five regions with "suggestive" linkage (LOD score >1.86): 5q12, 8p21, 15q11, 17q21, and 22q12. The second approach was to focus on subsets of families that are more likely to segregate highly penetrant mutations, including families with large numbers of affected individuals or early age at diagnosis. Stronger evidence of linkage in several regions was identified, including a "significant" linkage at 22q12, with a LOD score of 3.57, and five suggestive linkages (1q25, 8q13, 13q14, 16p13, and 17q21) in 269 families with at least five affected members. In addition, four additional suggestive linkages (3p24, 5q35, 11q22, and Xq12) were found in 606 families with mean age at diagnosis of < or = 65 years. Although it is difficult to determine the true statistical significance of these findings, a conservative interpretation of these results would be that if major PC-susceptibility genes do exist, they are most likely located in the regions generating suggestive or significant linkage signals in this large study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Xu
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Latchezar Dimitrov
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Bao-Li Chang
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Tamara S. Adams
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Aubrey R. Turner
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Deborah A. Meyers
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Rosalind A. Eeles
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Douglas F. Easton
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - William D. Foulkes
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Jacques Simard
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Graham G. Giles
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - John L. Hopper
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Lovise Mahle
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Pal Moller
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Tim Bishop
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Chris Evans
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Steve Edwards
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Julia Meitz
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Sarah Bullock
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Questa Hope
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - ACTANE Consortium
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Chih-lin Hsieh
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Jerry Halpern
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Raymond N. Balise
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Ingrid Oakley-Girvan
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Alice S. Whittemore
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Charles M. Ewing
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Marta Gielzak
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Sarah D. Isaacs
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Patrick C. Walsh
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Kathleen E. Wiley
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - William B. Isaacs
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Stephen N. Thibodeau
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Shannon K. McDonnell
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Julie M. Cunningham
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Katherine E. Zarfas
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Scott Hebbring
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Daniel J. Schaid
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Danielle M. Friedrichsen
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Kerry Deutsch
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Suzanne Kolb
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Michael Badzioch
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Gail P. Jarvik
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Marta Janer
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Leroy Hood
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Elaine A. Ostrander
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Janet L. Stanford
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Ethan M. Lange
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Jennifer L. Beebe-Dimmer
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Caroline E. Mohai
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Kathleen A. Cooney
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Tarja Ikonen
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Agnes Baffoe-Bonnie
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Henna Fredriksson
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Mika P. Matikainen
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Teuvo LJ Tammela
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Joan Bailey-Wilson
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Johanna Schleutker
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Christiane Maier
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Kathleen Herkommer
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Josef J. Hoegel
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Walther Vogel
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Thomas Paiss
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Fredrik Wiklund
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Monica Emanuelsson
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Elisabeth Stenman
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Björn-Anders Jonsson
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Henrik Grönberg
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Nicola J. Camp
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - James Farnham
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Lisa A. Cannon-Albright
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| | - Daniela Seminara
- Data Coordinating Center, ACTANE, BC/CA/HI, Johns Hopkins University, Mayo Clinic, PROGRESS, University of Michigan, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, University of Ulm, University of Umeå, University of Utah, and National Cancer Institute
| |
Collapse
|