1
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Zou Z, Deng X, Zhang J, Dong J, Xu F, Zhang H, Zhao Z, Liu X, Liang S, Wu J, Zhang L, Wu F, Zhang W. B-lymphocyte-induced maturation protein-1 inhibits inflammation and pyroptosis to alleviate sepsis injury. J Investig Med 2024:10815589241249994. [PMID: 38632825 DOI: 10.1177/10815589241249994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Liver and lung tissue damage caused by sepsis is still one of the causes of death. B-lymphocyte-induced maturation protein-1 (Blimp-1) has a protective role in inflammation-related disease. However, whether Blimp-1 can regulate cell pyroptosis and affect disease progression in sepsis is still unclear. Animal and cell models were established by the cecal ligation and puncture method and lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells, respectively, and the role of Blimp-1 in regulation inflammatory response and pyroptosis was verified. The changes of inflammation and pyroptosis in liver and lung tissues of septic mice were determined by the addition of TAK-242 (TLR4 inhibitor). Cell pyroptosis and the level of inflammation was detected after Blimp-1 knockdown and TAK-242 treatment in the cell model. The expression of Blimp-1 was continuously increased in a septic mice model. After treatment with TAK-242, the expression of Blimp-1, pyroptosis and inflammatory levels were reduced in mice. In the LPS-induced cell model, cell injury by knockout Blimp-1 was increased, and cell activity was restored after TAK-242 intervention. Overexpression of Blimp-1 relieved LPS-induced cellular inflammatory damage and pyroptosis. Our study had shown that Blimp-1 could improve septic damage by regulating the level of cellular inflammation and pyroptosis in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhizhen Zou
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine/The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Xiling Deng
- Pharmacy of Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Jiangtao Dong
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Fang Xu
- The People's Hospital of Shihezi, Shihezi, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine/The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Zhengyong Zhao
- General Hospital of Xinjiang Military Region of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Urumchi, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine/The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Su Liang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Jiangdong Wu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine/The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Le Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine/The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Fang Wu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine/The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Wanjiang Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine/The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, P.R. China
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2
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Kallies A, Vasanthakumar A. Transcriptional and hormonal control of adipose Treg heterogeneity and function. Immunol Rev 2024. [PMID: 38733158 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Adipose tissue stores excess energy and produces a broad range of factors that regulate multiple physiological processes including systemic energy homeostasis. Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) plays a particularly important role in glucose metabolism as its endocrine function underpins food uptake and energy expenditure. Caloric excess triggers VAT inflammation which can impair insulin sensitivity and cause metabolic deregulation. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) that reside in the VAT suppress inflammation and protect from metabolic disease. The cellular components of VAT and its secretory products play a vital role in fostering the differentiation and maintenance of VAT Tregs. Critically, the physiology and inflammatory tone of VAT exhibit sex-specific disparities, resulting in substantial VAT Treg heterogeneity. Indeed, cytokines and sex hormones promote the differentiation of distinct populations of mature VAT Tregs, each characterized by unique phenotypes, homeostatic requirements, and functions. This review focuses on key findings that have significantly advanced our understanding of VAT Treg biology and the current state of the field, while also discussing open questions that require further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Kallies
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ajithkumar Vasanthakumar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
- La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
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3
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Matsui S, Granitto M, Buckley M, Ludwig K, Koigi S, Shiley J, Zacharias WJ, Mayhew CN, Lim HW, Iwafuchi M. Pioneer and PRDM transcription factors coordinate bivalent epigenetic states to safeguard cell fate. Mol Cell 2024; 84:476-489.e10. [PMID: 38211589 PMCID: PMC10872272 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2023.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Pioneer transcription factors (TFs) regulate cell fate by establishing transcriptionally primed and active states. However, cell fate control requires the coordination of both lineage-specific gene activation and repression of alternative-lineage programs, a process that is poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that the pioneer TF FOXA coordinates with PRDM1 TF to recruit nucleosome remodeling and deacetylation (NuRD) complexes and Polycomb repressive complexes (PRCs), which establish highly occupied, accessible nucleosome conformation with bivalent epigenetic states, thereby preventing precocious and alternative-lineage gene expression during human endoderm differentiation. Similarly, the pioneer TF OCT4 coordinates with PRDM14 to form bivalent enhancers and repress cell differentiation programs in human pluripotent stem cells, suggesting that this may be a common and critical function of pioneer TFs. We propose that pioneer and PRDM TFs coordinate to safeguard cell fate through epigenetic repression mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Matsui
- Division of Developmental Biology, Center for Stem Cell & Organoid Medicine (CuSTOM), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Marissa Granitto
- Division of Developmental Biology, Center for Stem Cell & Organoid Medicine (CuSTOM), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Morgan Buckley
- Division of Developmental Biology, Center for Stem Cell & Organoid Medicine (CuSTOM), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Katie Ludwig
- Division of Developmental Biology, Center for Stem Cell & Organoid Medicine (CuSTOM), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Sandra Koigi
- Division of Developmental Biology, Center for Stem Cell & Organoid Medicine (CuSTOM), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Joseph Shiley
- Division of Developmental Biology, Center for Stem Cell & Organoid Medicine (CuSTOM), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - William J Zacharias
- Division of Pulmonary Biology and Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Christopher N Mayhew
- Division of Developmental Biology, Center for Stem Cell & Organoid Medicine (CuSTOM), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Hee-Woong Lim
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
| | - Makiko Iwafuchi
- Division of Developmental Biology, Center for Stem Cell & Organoid Medicine (CuSTOM), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
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4
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Zhu Q, Wang L, Ren H, Zhang J, Zuo Q, Li M, Zhu J, Yang G, Zhang F. Molecular characterization of the B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein-1 (blimp1) gene of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and its transcription repression involves recruitment of histone deacetylase HDAC3. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 143:109216. [PMID: 37944681 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Blimp1 is the master regulator of B cell terminal differentiation in mammals, it inhibits expression of many transcription factors including bcl6, which provides the basis for promoting further development of activated B lymphocytes into plasma cells. Blimp-1 is thought to act as a sequence-specific recruitment factor for chromatin-modifying enzymes including histone deacetylases (HDAC) and methyltransferases to repress target genes. The cDNA of Ccblimp1a (Cyprinus carpio) open reading frame is 2337 bp encoding a protein of 777 amino acids. CcBlimp1a contains a SET domain, two Proline Rich domains, and five ZnF_C2H2 domains. Blimp1 are conserved in vertebrate species. Ccblimp1a transcripts were detected in common carp larvae from 1 dpf (day post fertilization)to 31 dpf. Ccblimp1a expression was up-regulated in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) and spleen leukocytes (SPL) of common carp stimulated by intraperitoneal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection. Ccblimp1a expression in PBL and SPL of common carp was induced by TNP-LPS and TNP-KLH. The results indicated TNP-LPS induced a rapid response in PBL and TNP-KLH induced much stronger response in SPL and PBL. IHC results showed that CcBlimp1 positive cells were distributed in the head kidney, trunk kidney, liver, and gut. Immunofluorescence stain results showed that CcBlimp1 was expressed in IgM + lymphocytes. The subcellular localization of CcBlimp1 in the nuclei indicated CcBlimp1 may be involved in the differentiation of IgM + lymphocytes. Further study focusing on the function of CcBlimp1 transcriptional repression was performed using dual luciferase assay. The results showed that the transcription repression of CcBlimp1 on bcl6aa promoter was affected by the histone deacetylation inhibitor and was synergized with histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3). The results of Co-IP in HEK293T and immunoprecipitation in SPL indicated that CcBlimp1 recruited HDAC3 and might be involved in the formation of complexes. These results suggest that CcBlimp1 is an important transcription factor in common carp lymphocytes. Histone deacetylation modification mediated by HDAC3 may have important roles in CcBlimp1 transcriptional repression during the differentiation of lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiannan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, 88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Haoyue Ren
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, 88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, 88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Qingyun Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, 88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Mojin Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, 88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Jianping Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, 88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Guiwen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, 88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China.
| | - Fumiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, 88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China.
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5
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Benevides L, Sacramento LA, Pioto F, Barretto GD, Carregaro V, Silva JS. Blimp-1 signaling pathways in T lymphocytes is essential to control the Trypanosoma cruzi infection-induced inflammation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1268196. [PMID: 37908369 PMCID: PMC10614018 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1268196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In many infectious diseases, the pathogen-induced inflammatory response could result in protective immunity that should be regulated to prevent tissue damage and death. In fact, in Trypanosoma cruzi infection, the innate immune and the inflammatory response should be perfectly controlled to avoid significant lesions and death. Here, we investigate the role of Blimp-1 expression in T cells in resistance to T. cruzi infection. Therefore, using mice with Blimp-1 deficiency in T cells (CKO) we determined its role in the controlling parasites growth and lesions during the acute phase of infection. Infection of mice with Blimp-1 ablation in T cells resulted failure the cytotoxic CD8+ T cells and in marked Th1-mediated inflammation, high IFN-γ and TNF production, and activation of inflammatory monocyte. Interestingly, despite high nitric-oxide synthase activation (NOS-2), parasitemia and mortality in CKO mice were increased compared with infected WT mice. Furthermore, infected-CKO mice exhibited hepatic lesions characteristic of steatosis, with significant AST and ALT activity. Mechanistically, Blimp-1 signaling in T cells induces cytotoxic CD8+ T cell activation and restricts parasite replication. In contrast, Blimp-1 represses the Th1 response, leading to a decreased monocyte activation, less NOS-2 activation, and, consequently preventing hepatic damage and dysfunction. These data demonstrate that T. cruzi-induced disease is multifactorial and that the increased IFN-γ, NO production, and dysfunction of CD8+ T cells contribute to host death. These findings have important implications for the design of potential vaccines against Chagas disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Benevides
- Fiocruz-Bi-Institutional Translational Medicine Plataform, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology Ribeirão Preto Medical School University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Lais A. Sacramento
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology Ribeirão Preto Medical School University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Franciele Pioto
- Fiocruz-Bi-Institutional Translational Medicine Plataform, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Vanessa Carregaro
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology Ribeirão Preto Medical School University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - João S. Silva
- Fiocruz-Bi-Institutional Translational Medicine Plataform, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology Ribeirão Preto Medical School University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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6
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Dai X, Park JJ, Du Y, Na Z, Lam SZ, Chow RD, Renauer PA, Gu J, Xin S, Chu Z, Liao C, Clark P, Zhao H, Slavoff S, Chen S. Massively parallel knock-in engineering of human T cells. Nat Biotechnol 2023; 41:1239-1255. [PMID: 36702900 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-022-01639-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The efficiency of targeted knock-in for cell therapeutic applications is generally low, and the scale is limited. In this study, we developed CLASH, a system that enables high-efficiency, high-throughput knock-in engineering. In CLASH, Cas12a/Cpf1 mRNA combined with pooled adeno-associated viruses mediate simultaneous gene editing and precise transgene knock-in using massively parallel homology-directed repair, thereby producing a pool of stably integrated mutant variants each with targeted gene editing. We applied this technology in primary human T cells and performed time-coursed CLASH experiments in blood cancer and solid tumor models using CD3, CD8 and CD4 T cells, enabling pooled generation and unbiased selection of favorable CAR-T variants. Emerging from CLASH experiments, a unique CRISPR RNA (crRNA) generates an exon3 skip mutant of PRDM1 in CAR-Ts, which leads to increased proliferation, stem-like properties, central memory and longevity in these cells, resulting in higher efficacy in vivo across multiple cancer models, including a solid tumor model. The versatility of CLASH makes it broadly applicable to diverse cellular and therapeutic engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Dai
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- System Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jonathan J Park
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- System Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- M.D.-Ph.D. Program, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Molecular Cell Biology, Genetics, and Development Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yaying Du
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- System Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenkun Na
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Institute of Biomolecular Design and Discovery, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Stanley Z Lam
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- System Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ryan D Chow
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- System Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- M.D.-Ph.D. Program, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Molecular Cell Biology, Genetics, and Development Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Paul A Renauer
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- System Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Molecular Cell Biology, Genetics, and Development Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jianlei Gu
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale University School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Shan Xin
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- System Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Zhiyuan Chu
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- System Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Immunobiology Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Cun Liao
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- System Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Paul Clark
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- System Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Hongyu Zhao
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale University School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Center for Biomedical Data Science, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sarah Slavoff
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Institute of Biomolecular Design and Discovery, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sidi Chen
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- System Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA.
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA.
- M.D.-Ph.D. Program, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA.
- Molecular Cell Biology, Genetics, and Development Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Immunobiology Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Yale Center for Biomedical Data Science, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Combined Program in the Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Yale Comprehensive Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Yale Liver Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Yale Center for RNA Science and Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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7
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Zhang P, Zhang G, Wan X. Challenges and new technologies in adoptive cell therapy. J Hematol Oncol 2023; 16:97. [PMID: 37596653 PMCID: PMC10439661 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-023-01492-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Adoptive cell therapies (ACTs) have existed for decades. From the initial infusion of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes to the subsequent specific enhanced T cell receptor (TCR)-T and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapies, many novel strategies for cancer treatment have been developed. Owing to its promising outcomes, CAR-T cell therapy has revolutionized the field of ACTs, particularly for hematologic malignancies. Despite these advances, CAR-T cell therapy still has limitations in both autologous and allogeneic settings, including practicality and toxicity issues. To overcome these challenges, researchers have focused on the application of CAR engineering technology to other types of immune cell engineering. Consequently, several new cell therapies based on CAR technology have been developed, including CAR-NK, CAR-macrophage, CAR-γδT, and CAR-NKT. In this review, we describe the development, advantages, and possible challenges of the aforementioned ACTs and discuss current strategies aimed at maximizing the therapeutic potential of ACTs. We also provide an overview of the various gene transduction strategies employed in immunotherapy given their importance in immune cell engineering. Furthermore, we discuss the possibility that strategies capable of creating a positive feedback immune circuit, as healthy immune systems do, could address the flaw of a single type of ACT, and thus serve as key players in future cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengchao Zhang
- Center for Protein and Cell-based Drugs, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Guizhong Zhang
- Center for Protein and Cell-based Drugs, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaochun Wan
- Center for Protein and Cell-based Drugs, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Rossi M, Anerillas C, Idda ML, Munk R, Shin CH, Donega S, Tsitsipatis D, Herman AB, Martindale JL, Yang X, Piao Y, Mazan-Mamczarz K, Fan J, Ferrucci L, Johnson PF, De S, Abdelmohsen K, Gorospe M. Pleiotropic effects of BAFF on the senescence-associated secretome and growth arrest. eLife 2023; 12:e84238. [PMID: 37083495 PMCID: PMC10121226 DOI: 10.7554/elife.84238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Senescent cells release a variety of cytokines, proteases, and growth factors collectively known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Sustained SASP contributes to a pattern of chronic inflammation associated with aging and implicated in many age-related diseases. Here, we investigated the expression and function of the immunomodulatory cytokine BAFF (B-cell activating factor; encoded by the TNFSF13B gene), a SASP protein, in multiple senescence models. We first characterized BAFF production across different senescence paradigms, including senescent human diploid fibroblasts (WI-38, IMR-90) and monocytic leukemia cells (THP-1), and tissues of mice induced to undergo senescence. We then identified IRF1 (interferon regulatory factor 1) as a transcription factor required for promoting TNFSF13B mRNA transcription in senescence. We discovered that suppressing BAFF production decreased the senescent phenotype of both fibroblasts and monocyte-like cells, reducing IL6 secretion and SA-β-Gal staining. Importantly, however, the influence of BAFF on the senescence program was cell type-specific: in monocytes, BAFF promoted the early activation of NF-κB and general SASP secretion, while in fibroblasts, BAFF contributed to the production and function of TP53 (p53). We propose that BAFF is elevated across senescence models and is a potential target for senotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Rossi
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging (NIA) Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institutes of HealthBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Carlos Anerillas
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging (NIA) Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institutes of HealthBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Maria Laura Idda
- Institute for Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB), National Research CouncilSassaryItaly
| | - Rachel Munk
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging (NIA) Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institutes of HealthBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Chang Hoon Shin
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging (NIA) Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institutes of HealthBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Stefano Donega
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging (NIA) Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institutes of HealthBaltimoreUnited States
- Translational Gerontology Branch, NIA IRP, NIHBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Dimitrios Tsitsipatis
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging (NIA) Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institutes of HealthBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Allison B Herman
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging (NIA) Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institutes of HealthBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Jennifer L Martindale
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging (NIA) Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institutes of HealthBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Xiaoling Yang
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging (NIA) Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institutes of HealthBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Yulan Piao
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging (NIA) Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institutes of HealthBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Krystyna Mazan-Mamczarz
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging (NIA) Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institutes of HealthBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Jinshui Fan
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging (NIA) Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institutes of HealthBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Translational Gerontology Branch, NIA IRP, NIHBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Peter F Johnson
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute IRPFrederickUnited States
| | - Supriyo De
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging (NIA) Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institutes of HealthBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Kotb Abdelmohsen
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging (NIA) Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institutes of HealthBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Myriam Gorospe
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging (NIA) Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institutes of HealthBaltimoreUnited States
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9
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Di Zazzo E, Rienzo M, Casamassimi A, De Rosa C, Medici N, Gazzerro P, Bifulco M, Abbondanza C. Exploring the putative role of PRDM1 and PRDM2 transcripts as mediators of T lymphocyte activation. J Transl Med 2023; 21:217. [PMID: 36964555 PMCID: PMC10039509 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04066-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND T cell activation and programming from their naïve/resting state, characterized by widespread modifications in chromatin accessibility triggering extensive changes in transcriptional programs, is orchestrated by several cytokines and transcription regulators. PRDM1 and PRDM2 encode for proteins with PR/SET and zinc finger domains that control several biological processes, including cell differentiation, through epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Different transcripts leading to main protein isoforms with (PR +) or without (PR-) the PR/SET domain have been described. Although many studies have established the critical PRDM1 role in hematopoietic cell differentiation, maintenance and/or function, the single transcript contribution has not been investigated before. Otherwise, very few evidence is currently available on PRDM2. Here, we aimed to analyze the role of PRDM1 and PRDM2 different transcripts as mediators of T lymphocyte activation. METHODS We analyzed the transcription signature of the main variants from PRDM1 (BLIMP1a and BLIMP1b) and PRDM2 (RIZ1 and RIZ2) genes, in human T lymphocytes and Jurkat cells overexpressing PRDM2 cDNAs following activation through different signals. RESULTS T lymphocyte activation induced an early increase of RIZ2 and RIZ1 followed by BLIMP1b increase and finally by BLIMP1a increase. The "first" and the "second" signals shifted the balance towards the PR- forms for both genes. Interestingly, the PI3K signaling pathway modulated the RIZ1/RIZ2 ratio in favor of RIZ1 while the balance versus RIZ2 was promoted by MAPK pathway. Cytokines mediating different Jak/Stat signaling pathways (third signal) early modulated the expression of PRDM1 and PRDM2 and the relationship of their different transcripts confirming the early increase of the PR- transcripts. Different responses of T cell subpopulations were also observed. Jurkat cells showed that the acute transient RIZ2 increase promoted the balancing of PRDM1 forms towards BLIMP1b. The stable forced expression of RIZ1 or RIZ2 induced a significant variation in the expression of key transcription factors involved in T lymphocyte differentiation. The BLIMP1a/b balance shifted in favor of BLIMP1a in RIZ1-overexpressing cells and of BLIMP1b in RIZ2-overexpressing cells. CONCLUSIONS This study provides the first characterization of PRDM2 in T-lymphocyte activation/differentiation and novel insights on PRDM1 and PRDM2 transcription regulation during initial activation phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Di Zazzo
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, 86100, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Monica Rienzo
- Department of Environmental, Biological, and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 81100, Caserta, Italy
| | - Amelia Casamassimi
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Caterina De Rosa
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Nicola Medici
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Patrizia Gazzerro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084, Salerno, Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Maurizio Bifulco
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Ciro Abbondanza
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy.
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10
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Legrand JMD, Hobbs RM. Defining Gene Function in Spermatogonial Stem Cells Through Conditional Knockout Approaches. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2656:261-307. [PMID: 37249877 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3139-3_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Mammalian male fertility is maintained throughout life by a population of self-renewing mitotic germ cells known as spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs). Much of our current understanding regarding the molecular mechanisms underlying SSC activity is derived from studies using conditional knockout mouse models. Here, we provide a guide for the selection and use of mouse strains to develop conditional knockout models for the study of SSCs, as well as their precursors and differentiation-committed progeny. We describe Cre recombinase-expressing strains, breeding strategies to generate experimental groups, and treatment regimens for inducible knockout models and provide advice for verifying and improving conditional knockout efficiency. This resource can be beneficial to those aiming to develop conditional knockout models for the study of SSC development and postnatal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien M D Legrand
- Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Robin M Hobbs
- Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
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11
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Meng Q, Wen Z, Meng W, Bian H, Gu H, Zuo R, Zhan J, Wang H, Miao X, Fan W, Zhou Z, Zheng F, Wang L, Su X, Ma J. Blimp1 suppressed CD4 + T cells-induced activation of fibroblast-like synoviocytes by upregulating IL-10 via the rho pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:146-158. [PMID: 36181686 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein 1 (Blimp1) is a risk allele for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but its functional mechanism in RA remains to be further explored. METHODS Flow cytometry was performed to detect CD4+ T cell differentiation. ELISA was used to measure inflammatory factor secretion. Lentivirus mediated Blimp1 overexpression vector (LV-Blimp1) or short hairpin RNA (sh-Blimp1) were used to infect CD4+ T cells stimulated by anti-CD28 and anti-CD3 mAbs. RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) were co-cultured with CD4+ T cells or T cell conditioned medium (CD4CM), and cell proliferation, invasion, and expression of adhesion molecules and cytokines in FLSs were evaluated. Mice were injected intradermally with type II collagen to establish a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model, and the severity of CIA was evaluated with H&E and Safranin-O staining. RESULTS Blimp1 knockdown increased pro-inflammatory factor secretion, but downregulated IL-10 concentration in activated CD4+ T cells. Blimp1 overexpression promoted regulatory T cells (Treg) CD4+ T cell differentiation and hindered T helper 1 (Th1) and T helper 17 (Th17) CD4+ T cell differentiation. Blimp1 overexpression suppressed the expression of pro-inflammatory factors and adhesion molecules in CD4+ T cells by upregulating IL-10. Moreover, Blimp1 overexpression impeded the enhanced effect of CD4+ T cells/CD4CM on cell adhesion, inflammation, proliferation, invasion and RhoA and Rac1 activities in FLSs by upregulating IL-10. Additionally, administration with LV-Blimp1 alleviated the severity of CIA. CONCLUSION Blimp1 restrained CD4+ T cells-induced activation of FLSs by promoting the secretion of IL-10 in CD4+ T cells via the Rho signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingliang Meng
- Department of Rheumatology, Henan Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhike Wen
- Henan Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wanting Meng
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Bian
- Zhang Zhongjing School of Chinese Medicine, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, China
| | - Huimin Gu
- Department of Rheumatology, Henan Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ruiting Zuo
- Department of Rheumatology, Henan Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junping Zhan
- Department of Rheumatology, Henan Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huilian Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Henan Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiyun Miao
- Department of Rheumatology, Henan Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Fan
- Department of Rheumatology, Henan Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zipeng Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology, Henan Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fuzeng Zheng
- Department of Rheumatology, Henan Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liying Wang
- Henan Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiao Su
- Henan Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junfu Ma
- Department of Rheumatology, Henan Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
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12
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A p38α-BLIMP1 signalling pathway is essential for plasma cell differentiation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7321. [PMID: 36443297 PMCID: PMC9703440 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34969-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma cells (PC) are antibody-secreting cells and terminal effectors in humoral responses. PCs differentiate directly from activated B cells in response to T cell-independent (TI) antigens or from germinal center B (GCB) cells in T cell-dependent (TD) antigen-induced humoral responses, both of which pathways are essentially regulated by the transcription factor BLIMP1. The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase isoforms have already been implicated in B cell development, but the precise role of p38α in B cell differentiation is still largely unknown. Here we show that PC differentiation and antibody responses are severely impaired in mice with B cell-specific deletion of p38α, while B cell development and the GCB cell response are spared. By utilizing a Blimp1 reporter mouse model, we show that p38α-deficiency results in decreased BLIMP1 expression. p38α-driven BLIMP1 up-regulation is required for both TI and TD PCs differentiation. By combining CRISPR/Cas9 screening and other approaches, we identify TCF3, TCF4 and IRF4 as downstream effectors of p38α to control PC differentiation via Blimp1 transcription. This study thus identifies an important signalling pathway underpinning PC differentiation upstream of BLIMP1, and points to a highly specialized and non-redundant role for p38α among p38 isoforms.
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13
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Ito Y, Kagoya Y. Epigenetic engineering for optimal CAR-T cell therapy. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:3664-3671. [PMID: 36000807 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advancements in cancer immunotherapy, such as chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T cell therapy and immune checkpoint therapy (ICT), have significantly improved the clinical outcomes of patients with several types of cancer. To broaden its applicability further and induce durable therapeutic efficacy, it is imperative to understand how antitumor T cells elicit cytotoxic functions, survive as memory T cells, or are impaired in their effector functions (exhausted) at the molecular level. T cell properties are regulated by their gene expression profiles, which are further controlled by epigenetic architectures, such as DNA methylation and histone modifications. Multiple studies have elucidated specific epigenetic genes associated with T-cell phenotypic changes. Conversely, exogenous modification of these key epigenetic factors can significantly alter T cell functions by extensively altering the transcription network, which can be applied in cancer immunotherapy by improving T cell persistence or augmenting effector functions. Since CAR-T cell therapy involves a genetic engineering step during the preparation of the infusion products, it would be a feasible strategy to additionally modulate specific epigenetic genes in CAR-T cells to improve their quality. Here, we review recent studies investigating how individual epigenetic factors play a crucial role in T-cell biology. We further discuss future directions to integrate these findings for optimal cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Ito
- Division of Immune Response, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute
| | - Yuki Kagoya
- Division of Immune Response, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute.,Division of Cellular Oncology, Department of Cancer Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
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14
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Nadeau S, Martins GA. Conserved and Unique Functions of Blimp1 in Immune Cells. Front Immunol 2022; 12:805260. [PMID: 35154079 PMCID: PMC8829541 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.805260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
B-lymphocyte-induced maturation protein-1 (Blimp1), is an evolutionarily conserved transcriptional regulator originally described as a repressor of gene transcription. Blimp1 crucially regulates embryonic development and terminal differentiation in numerous cell lineages, including immune cells. Initial investigations of Blimp1’s role in immunity established its non-redundant role in lymphocytic terminal effector differentiation and function. In B cells, Blimp1 drives plasmablast formation and antibody secretion, whereas in T cells, Blimp1 regulates functional differentiation, including cytokine gene expression. These studies established Blimp1 as an essential transcriptional regulator that promotes efficient and controlled adaptive immunity. Recent studies have also demonstrated important roles for Blimp1 in innate immune cells, specifically myeloid cells, and Blimp1 has been established as an intrinsic regulator of dendritic cell maturation and T cell priming. Emerging studies have determined both conserved and unique functions of Blimp1 in different immune cell subsets, including the unique direct activation of the igh gene transcription in B cells and a conserved antagonism with BCL6 in B cells, T cells, and myeloid cells. Moreover, polymorphisms associated with the gene encoding Blimp1 (PRDM1) have been linked to numerous chronic inflammatory conditions in humans. Blimp1 has been shown to regulate target gene expression by either competing with other transcription factors for binding to the target loci, and/or by recruiting various chromatin-modifying co-factors that promote suppressive chromatin structure, such as histone de-acetylases and methyl-transferases. Further, Blimp1 function has been shown to be essentially dose and context-dependent, which adds to Blimp1’s versatility as a regulator of gene expression. Here, we review Blimp1’s complex roles in immunity and highlight specific gaps in the understanding of the biology of this transcriptional regulator, with a major focus on aspects that could foster the description and understanding of novel pathways regulated by Blimp1 in the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Nadeau
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute (IBIRI), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (CSMC), Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Research Division of Immunology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (CSMC), Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Gislâine A Martins
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute (IBIRI), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (CSMC), Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Research Division of Immunology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (CSMC), Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology Division, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (CSMC), Los Angeles, CA, United States
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15
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Lee H, Huang DY, Chang HC, Lin CY, Ren WY, Dai YS, Lin WW. Blimp-1 Upregulation by Multiple Ligands via EGFR Transactivation Inhibits Cell Migration in Keratinocytes and Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:763678. [PMID: 35185556 PMCID: PMC8847214 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.763678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein-1 (Blimp-1) is a transcriptional repressor and plays a crucial role in the regulation of development and functions of various immune cells. Currently, there is limited understanding about the regulation of Blimp-1 expression and cellular functions in keratinocytes and cancer cells. Previously we demonstrated that EGF can upregulate Blimp-1 gene expression in keratinocytes, playing a negative role in regulation of cell migration and inflammation. Because it remains unclear if Blimp-1 can be regulated by other stimuli beyond EGF, here we further investigated multiple stimuli for their regulation of Blimp-1 expression in keratinocytes and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). We found that PMA, TNF-α, LPS, polyIC, H2O2 and UVB can upregulate the protein and/or mRNA levels of Blimp-1 in HaCaT and SCC cells. Concomitant EGFR activation was observed by these stimuli, and EGFR inhibitor gefitinib and Syk inhibitor can block Blimp-1 gene expression caused by PMA. Reporter assay of Blimp-1 promoter activity further indicated the involvement of AP-1 in PMA-, TNF-α-, LPS- and EGF-elicited Blimp-1 mRNA expression. Confocal microscopic data indicated the nuclear loclization of Blimp-1, and such localization was not changed by stimuli. Moreover, Blimp-1 silencing enhanced SCC cell migration. Taken together, Blimp-1 can be transcriptionally upregulated by several stimuli in keratinocytes and SCC via EGFR transactivation and AP-1 pathway. These include growth factor PMA, cytokine TNF-α, TLR ligands (LPS and polyIC), and ROS insults (H2O2 and UVB). The function of Blimp-1 as a negative regulator of cell migration in SCC can provide a new therapeutic target in SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyemin Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Duen-Yi Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hua-Ching Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Dermatology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yee Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Yu Ren
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Shia Dai
- Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Wan Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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16
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Abstract
The development of therapies to eliminate the latent HIV-1 reservoir is hampered by our incomplete understanding of the biomolecular mechanism governing HIV-1 latency. To further complicate matters, recent single cell RNA-seq studies reported extensive heterogeneity between latently HIV-1-infected primary T cells, implying that latent HIV-1 infection can persist in greatly differing host cell environments. We here show that transcriptomic heterogeneity is also found between latently infected T cell lines, which allowed us to study the underlying mechanisms of intercell heterogeneity at high signal resolution. Latently infected T cells exhibited a de-differentiated phenotype, characterized by the loss of T cell-specific markers and gene regulation profiles reminiscent of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC). These changes had functional consequences. As reported for stem cells, latently HIV-1 infected T cells efficiently forced lentiviral superinfections into a latent state and favored glycolysis. As a result, metabolic reprogramming or cell re-differentiation destabilized latent infection. Guided by these findings, data-mining of single cell RNA-seq data of latently HIV-1 infected primary T cells from patients revealed the presence of similar dedifferentiation motifs. >20% of the highly detectable genes that were differentially regulated in latently infected cells were associated with hematopoietic lineage development (e.g. HUWE1, IRF4, PRDM1, BATF3, TOX, ID2, IKZF3, CDK6) or were hematopoietic markers (SRGN; hematopoietic proteoglycan core protein). The data add to evidence that the biomolecular phenotype of latently HIV-1 infected cells differs from normal T cells and strategies to address their differential phenotype need to be considered in the design of therapeutic cure interventions. IMPORTANCE HIV-1 persists in a latent reservoir in memory CD4 T cells for the lifetime of a patient. Understanding the biomolecular mechanisms used by the host cells to suppress viral expression will provide essential insights required to develop curative therapeutic interventions. Unfortunately, our current understanding of these control mechanisms is still limited. By studying gene expression profiles, we demonstrated that latently HIV-1-infected T cells have a de-differentiated T cell phenotype. Software-based data integration allowed for the identification of drug targets that would re-differentiate viral host cells and, in extension, destabilize latent HIV-1 infection events. The importance of the presented data lies within the clear demonstration that HIV-1 latency is a host cell phenomenon. As such, therapeutic strategies must first restore proper host cell functionality to accomplish efficient HIV-1 reactivation.
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17
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Kim SH, Baek M, Park S, Shin S, Lee JS, Lee GM. Improving the secretory capacity of CHO producer cells: The effect of controlled Blimp1 expression, a master transcription factor for plasma cells. Metab Eng 2021; 69:73-86. [PMID: 34775077 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2021.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
With the advent of novel therapeutic proteins with complex structures, cellular bottlenecks in secretory pathways have hampered the high-yield production of difficult-to-express (DTE) proteins in CHO cells. To mitigate their limited secretory capacity, recombinant CHO (rCHO) cells were engineered to express Blimp1, a master regulator orchestrating B cell differentiation into professional secretory plasma cells, using the streamlined CRISPR/Cas9-based recombinase-mediated cassette exchange landing pad platform. The expression of Blimp1α or Blimp1β in rCHO cells producing DTE recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-4 (rhBMP-4) increased specific rhBMP-4 productivity (qrhBMP-4). However, since Blimp1α expression suppressed cell growth more significantly than Blimp1β expression, only Blimp1β expression enhanced rhBMP-4 yield. In serum-free suspension culture, Blimp1β expression significantly increased the rhBMP-4 concentration (>3-fold) and qrhBMP-4 (>4-fold) without significant increase in hBMP-4 transcript levels. In addition, Blimp1β expression facilitated mature rhBMP-4 secretion by active proteolytic cleavage in the secretory pathway. Transcriptomic profiling (RNA-seq) revealed global changes in gene expression patterns that promote protein processing in secretory organelles. In-depth integrative analysis of the current RNA-seq data, public epigenome/RNA-seq data, and in silico analysis identified 45 potential key regulators of Blimp1 that are consistently up- or down-regulated in Blimp1β expressing rCHO cells and plasma cells. Blimp1β expression also enhanced the production of easy-to-express monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and modulated the expression of key regulators in rCHO cells producing mAb. Taken together, the results show that controlled expression of Blimp1β improves the production capacity of rCHO cells by regulating secretory machinery and suggest new opportunities for engineering promising targets that are resting in CHO cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Hyun Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Minhye Baek
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungje Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghyeon Shin
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Seong Lee
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gyun Min Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Li X, Zeng Q, Wang S, Li M, Chen X, Huang Y, Chen B, Zhou M, Lai Y, Guo C, Zhao S, Zhang H, Yang N. CRAC Channel Controls the Differentiation of Pathogenic B Cells in Lupus Nephritis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:779560. [PMID: 34745151 PMCID: PMC8569388 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.779560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Store-operated Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channel is the main Ca2+ influx pathway in lymphocytes and is essential for immune response. Lupus nephritis (LN) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the production of autoantibodies due to widespread loss of immune tolerance. In this study, RNA-seq analysis revealed that calcium transmembrane transport and calcium channel activity were enhanced in naive B cells from patients with LN. The increased expression of ORAI1, ORAI2, and STIM2 in naive B cells from patients with LN was confirmed by flow cytometry and Western blot, implying a role of CRAC channel in B-cell dysregulation in LN. For in vitro study, CRAC channel inhibition by YM-58483 or downregulation by ORAI1-specific small-interfering RNA (siRNA) decreased the phosphorylation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase2 (CaMK2) and suppressed Blimp-1 expression in primary human B cells, resulting in decreased B-cell differentiation and immunoglobulin G (IgG) production. B cells treated with CaMK2-specific siRNA showed defects in plasma cell differentiation and IgG production. For in vivo study, YM-58483 not only ameliorated the progression of LN but also prevented the development of LN. MRL/lpr lupus mice treated with YM-58483 showed lower percentage of plasma cells in the spleen and reduced concentration of anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies in the sera significantly. Importantly, mice treated with YM-58483 showed decreased immune deposition in the glomeruli and alleviated kidney damage, which was further confirmed in NZM2328 lupus mice. Collectively, CRAC channel controlled the differentiation of pathogenic B cells and promoted the progression of LN. This study provides insights into the pathogenic mechanisms of LN and that CRAC channel could serve as a potential therapeutic target for LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Li
- Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qin Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuyi Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengyuan Li
- Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xionghui Chen
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuefang Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Binfeng Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mianjing Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yimei Lai
- Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaohuan Guo
- Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siyuan Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Precision Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Niansheng Yang
- Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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19
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Zhu H, Zhao M, Chang C, Chan V, Lu Q, Wu H. The complex role of AIM2 in autoimmune diseases and cancers. Immun Inflamm Dis 2021; 9:649-665. [PMID: 34014039 PMCID: PMC8342223 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) is a novel member of interferon (IFN)-inducible PYHIN proteins. In innate immune cells, AIM2 servers as a cytoplasmic double-stranded DNA sensor, playing a crucial role in the initiation of the innate immune response as a component of the inflammasome. AIM2 expression is increased in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), psoriasis, and primary Sjogren's syndrome, indicating that AIM2 might be involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Meanwhile, AIM2 also plays an antitumorigenesis role in an inflammasome independent-manner. In melanoma, AIM2 is initially identified as a tumor suppressor factor. However, AIM2 is also found to contribute to lung tumorigenesis via the inflammasome-dependent release of interleukin 1β and regulation of mitochondrial dynamics. Additionally, AIM2 reciprocally dampening the cGAS-STING pathway causes immunosuppression of macrophages and evasion of antitumor immunity during antibody treatment. To summarize the complicated effect and role of AIM2 in autoimmune diseases and cancers, herein, we provide an overview of the emerging research progress on the function and regulatory pathway of AIM2 in innate and adaptive immune cells, as well as tumor cells, and discuss its pathogenic role in autoimmune diseases, such as SLE, psoriasis, primary Sjogren's syndrome, and cancers, such as melanomas, non-small-cell lung cancer, colon cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, renal carcinoma, and so on, hopefully providing potential therapeutic and diagnostic strategies for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical EpigenomicsThe Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical EpigenomicsThe Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Christopher Chang
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical ImmunologyUniversity of California at Davis School of MedicineDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Vera Chan
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Qianjin Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical EpigenomicsThe Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaChina
- Institute of DermatologyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeNanjingChina
| | - Haijing Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical EpigenomicsThe Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaChina
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20
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Ruterbusch M, Pruner KB, Shehata L, Pepper M. In Vivo CD4 + T Cell Differentiation and Function: Revisiting the Th1/Th2 Paradigm. Annu Rev Immunol 2021; 38:705-725. [PMID: 32340571 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-103019-085803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 82.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of CD4+ T cell subset-defining master transcription factors and framing of the Th1/Th2 paradigm ignited the CD4+ T cell field. Advances in in vivo experimental systems, however, have revealed that more complex lineage-defining transcriptional networks direct CD4+ T cell differentiation in the lymphoid organs and tissues. This review focuses on the layers of fate decisions that inform CD4+ T cell differentiation in vivo. Cytokine production by antigen-presenting cells and other innate cells influences the CD4+ T cell effector program [e.g., T helper type 1 (Th1), Th2, Th17]. Signals downstream of the T cell receptor influence whether individual clones bearing hallmarks of this effector program become T follicular helper cells, supporting development of B cells expressing specific antibody isotypes, or T effector cells, which activate microbicidal innate cells in tissues. These bifurcated, parallel axes allow CD4+ T cells to augment their particular effector program and prevent disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikel Ruterbusch
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA; ,
| | - Kurt B Pruner
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA; ,
| | - Laila Shehata
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA; ,
| | - Marion Pepper
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA; ,
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21
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Solé P, Santamaria P. Re-Programming Autoreactive T Cells Into T-Regulatory Type 1 Cells for the Treatment of Autoimmunity. Front Immunol 2021; 12:684240. [PMID: 34335585 PMCID: PMC8320845 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.684240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic delivery of peptide-major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) class II-based nanomedicines can re-program cognate autoantigen-experienced CD4+ T cells into disease-suppressing T-regulatory type 1 (TR1)-like cells. In turn, these TR1-like cells trigger the formation of complex regulatory cell networks that can effectively suppress organ-specific autoimmunity without impairing normal immunity. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of the transcriptional, phenotypic and functional make up of TR1-like cells as described in the literature. The true identity and direct precursors of these cells remain unclear, in particular whether TR1-like cells comprise a single terminally-differentiated lymphocyte population with distinct transcriptional and epigenetic features, or a collection of phenotypically different subsets sharing key regulatory properties. We propose that detailed transcriptional and epigenetic characterization of homogeneous pools of TR1-like cells will unravel this conundrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Solé
- Institut D'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pere Santamaria
- Institut D'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain.,Julia McFarlane Diabetes Research Centre (JMDRC) and Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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22
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Delorey TM, Ziegler CGK, Heimberg G, Normand R, Yang Y, Segerstolpe Å, Abbondanza D, Fleming SJ, Subramanian A, Montoro DT, Jagadeesh KA, Dey KK, Sen P, Slyper M, Pita-Juárez YH, Phillips D, Biermann J, Bloom-Ackermann Z, Barkas N, Ganna A, Gomez J, Melms JC, Katsyv I, Normandin E, Naderi P, Popov YV, Raju SS, Niezen S, Tsai LTY, Siddle KJ, Sud M, Tran VM, Vellarikkal SK, Wang Y, Amir-Zilberstein L, Atri DS, Beechem J, Brook OR, Chen J, Divakar P, Dorceus P, Engreitz JM, Essene A, Fitzgerald DM, Fropf R, Gazal S, Gould J, Grzyb J, Harvey T, Hecht J, Hether T, Jané-Valbuena J, Leney-Greene M, Ma H, McCabe C, McLoughlin DE, Miller EM, Muus C, Niemi M, Padera R, Pan L, Pant D, Pe’er C, Pfiffner-Borges J, Pinto CJ, Plaisted J, Reeves J, Ross M, Rudy M, Rueckert EH, Siciliano M, Sturm A, Todres E, Waghray A, Warren S, Zhang S, Zollinger DR, Cosimi L, Gupta RM, Hacohen N, Hibshoosh H, Hide W, Price AL, Rajagopal J, Tata PR, Riedel S, Szabo G, Tickle TL, Ellinor PT, Hung D, Sabeti PC, Novak R, Rogers R, Ingber DE, Jiang ZG, Juric D, Babadi M, Farhi SL, Izar B, Stone JR, Vlachos IS, Solomon IH, Ashenberg O, Porter CB, Li B, Shalek AK, Villani AC, Rozenblatt-Rosen O, Regev A. COVID-19 tissue atlases reveal SARS-CoV-2 pathology and cellular targets. Nature 2021; 595:107-113. [PMID: 33915569 PMCID: PMC8919505 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03570-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 446] [Impact Index Per Article: 148.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19, which is caused by SARS-CoV-2, can result in acute respiratory distress syndrome and multiple organ failure1-4, but little is known about its pathophysiology. Here we generated single-cell atlases of 24 lung, 16 kidney, 16 liver and 19 heart autopsy tissue samples and spatial atlases of 14 lung samples from donors who died of COVID-19. Integrated computational analysis uncovered substantial remodelling in the lung epithelial, immune and stromal compartments, with evidence of multiple paths of failed tissue regeneration, including defective alveolar type 2 differentiation and expansion of fibroblasts and putative TP63+ intrapulmonary basal-like progenitor cells. Viral RNAs were enriched in mononuclear phagocytic and endothelial lung cells, which induced specific host programs. Spatial analysis in lung distinguished inflammatory host responses in lung regions with and without viral RNA. Analysis of the other tissue atlases showed transcriptional alterations in multiple cell types in heart tissue from donors with COVID-19, and mapped cell types and genes implicated with disease severity based on COVID-19 genome-wide association studies. Our foundational dataset elucidates the biological effect of severe SARS-CoV-2 infection across the body, a key step towards new treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toni M. Delorey
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and
Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA, USA
| | - Carly G. K. Ziegler
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142,
USA,Program in Health Sciences & Technology, Harvard
Medical School & Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, MA 02115,
USA,Institute for Medical Engineering & Science,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA,Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA,Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA
02139, USA,Harvard Graduate Program in Biophysics, Harvard University,
Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Graham Heimberg
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and
Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA, USA
| | - Rachelly Normand
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142,
USA,Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Department
of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA,Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital,
Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
02139, USA
| | - Yiming Yang
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and
Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA, USA,Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Department
of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Åsa Segerstolpe
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and
Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA, USA
| | - Domenic Abbondanza
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and
Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA, USA,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142,
USA
| | - Stephen J. Fleming
- Data Sciences Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and
Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142,Precision Cardiology Laboratory, Broad Institute of MIT
and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Ayshwarya Subramanian
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and
Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA, USA
| | | | - Karthik A. Jagadeesh
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and
Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA, USA
| | - Kushal K. Dey
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public
Health
| | - Pritha Sen
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142,
USA,Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Department
of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine,
Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston,
MA 02115, USA
| | - Michal Slyper
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and
Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA, USA
| | - Yered H. Pita-Juárez
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142,
USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical
Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine,
Boston, MA 02115, USA,Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical
Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Devan Phillips
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and
Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA, USA
| | - Jana Biermann
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology,
Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY,Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, New York,
NY
| | - Zohar Bloom-Ackermann
- Infectious Disease and Microbiome Program, Broad
Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Nick Barkas
- Data Sciences Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and
Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142
| | - Andrea Ganna
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki,
Finland,Analytical & Translational Genetics Unit,
Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - James Gomez
- Infectious Disease and Microbiome Program, Broad
Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Johannes C. Melms
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology,
Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY,Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, New York,
NY
| | - Igor Katsyv
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia
University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Erica Normandin
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142,
USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Pourya Naderi
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical
Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine,
Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yury V. Popov
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical
Center, MA 02115, USA,Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition,
Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215,
USA
| | - Siddharth S. Raju
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142,
USA,Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School,
Boston, MA 02115, USA,FAS Center for Systems Biology, Department of Organismic
and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Sebastian Niezen
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical
Center, MA 02115, USA,Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition,
Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215,
USA
| | - Linus T.-Y. Tsai
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142,
USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical
Center, MA 02115, USA,Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth
Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115,Boston Nutrition and Obesity Research Center Functional
Genomics and Bioinformatics Core Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Katherine J. Siddle
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142,
USA,Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology,
Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Malika Sud
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and
Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA, USA
| | - Victoria M. Tran
- Infectious Disease and Microbiome Program, Broad
Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Shamsudheen K. Vellarikkal
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142,
USA,Divisions of Cardiovascular Medicine and Genetics,
Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115,
USA
| | - Yiping Wang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology,
Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY,Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, New York,
NY
| | - Liat Amir-Zilberstein
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and
Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA, USA
| | - Deepak S. Atri
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142,
USA,Divisions of Cardiovascular Medicine and Genetics,
Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115,
USA
| | | | - Olga R. Brook
- Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical
Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jonathan Chen
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142,
USA,Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital,
Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Phylicia Dorceus
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and
Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA, USA
| | - Jesse M. Engreitz
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142,
USA,Department of Genetics and BASE Initiative, Stanford
University School of Medicine
| | - Adam Essene
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical
Center, MA 02115, USA,Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth
Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115,Boston Nutrition and Obesity Research Center Functional
Genomics and Bioinformatics Core Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Donna M. Fitzgerald
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Department
of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Robin Fropf
- NanoString Technologies Inc., Seattle, WA 98109,
USA
| | - Steven Gazal
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Preventive
Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles,
CA, USA
| | - Joshua Gould
- Data Sciences Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and
Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142
| | - John Grzyb
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s
Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Tyler Harvey
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and
Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA, USA
| | - Jonathan Hecht
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical
Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Tyler Hether
- NanoString Technologies Inc., Seattle, WA 98109,
USA
| | - Judit Jané-Valbuena
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and
Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA, USA
| | | | - Hui Ma
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and
Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA, USA,Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Department
of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Cristin McCabe
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and
Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA, USA
| | - Daniel E. McLoughlin
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Department
of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | | | - Christoph Muus
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142,
USA,John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied
Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138
| | - Mari Niemi
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki,
Finland
| | - Robert Padera
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s
Hospital, Boston, MA 02115,Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology,
Cambridge MA,Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston,
MA 02115, USA
| | - Liuliu Pan
- NanoString Technologies Inc., Seattle, WA 98109,
USA
| | - Deepti Pant
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical
Center, MA 02115, USA,Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth
Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115,Boston Nutrition and Obesity Research Center Functional
Genomics and Bioinformatics Core Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Carmel Pe’er
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and
Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA, USA
| | | | - Christopher J. Pinto
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston,
MA 02115, USA,Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Department
of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Jacob Plaisted
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s
Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Jason Reeves
- NanoString Technologies Inc., Seattle, WA 98109,
USA
| | - Marty Ross
- NanoString Technologies Inc., Seattle, WA 98109,
USA
| | - Melissa Rudy
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142,
USA
| | | | | | - Alexander Sturm
- Infectious Disease and Microbiome Program, Broad
Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Ellen Todres
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and
Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA, USA
| | - Avinash Waghray
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA,Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General
Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Sarah Warren
- NanoString Technologies Inc., Seattle, WA 98109,
USA
| | - Shuting Zhang
- Infectious Disease and Microbiome Program, Broad
Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | | | - Lisa Cosimi
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine,
Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rajat M. Gupta
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142,
USA,Divisions of Cardiovascular Medicine and Genetics,
Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115,
USA
| | - Nir Hacohen
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142,
USA,Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital,
Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA,Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital,
Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Hanina Hibshoosh
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia
University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Winston Hide
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical
Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine,
Boston, MA 02115, USA,Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical
Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Alkes L. Price
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public
Health
| | - Jayaraj Rajagopal
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Department
of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | | | - Stefan Riedel
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical
Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Gyongyi Szabo
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142,
USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical
Center, MA 02115, USA
| | - Timothy L. Tickle
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and
Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA, USA,Data Sciences Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and
Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142
| | - Patrick T. Ellinor
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, The Broad Institute of
MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA
| | - Deborah Hung
- Infectious Disease and Microbiome Program, Broad
Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA,Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston,
MA 02115, USA,Department of Molecular Biology and Center for
Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
02114, USA
| | - Pardis C. Sabeti
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142,
USA,Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology,
Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA,Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard
T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD,
USA,Massachusetts Consortium on Pathogen Readiness, Boston,
MA, USA
| | - Richard Novak
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering,
Harvard University
| | - Robert Rogers
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical
Center, MA 02115, USA,Massachusetts General Hospital, MA 02114, USA
| | - Donald E. Ingber
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied
Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering,
Harvard University,Vascular Biology Program and Department of Surgery,
Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Z. Gordon Jiang
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical
Center, MA 02115, USA,Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition,
Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215,
USA
| | - Dejan Juric
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston,
MA 02115, USA,Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Department
of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Mehrtash Babadi
- Data Sciences Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and
Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142,Precision Cardiology Laboratory, Broad Institute of MIT
and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Samouil L. Farhi
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and
Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA, USA,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142,
USA
| | - Benjamin Izar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology,
Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY,Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, New York,
NY,Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia
University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY,Program for Mathematical Genomics, Columbia University
Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - James R. Stone
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital,
Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ioannis S. Vlachos
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142,
USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical
Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine,
Boston, MA 02115, USA,Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical
Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Isaac H. Solomon
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s
Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Orr Ashenberg
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and
Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA, USA
| | - Caroline B.M. Porter
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and
Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA, USA
| | - Bo Li
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and
Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA, USA,Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Department
of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston,
MA 02115, USA
| | - Alex K. Shalek
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142,
USA,Program in Health Sciences & Technology, Harvard
Medical School & Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, MA 02115,
USA,Institute for Medical Engineering & Science,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA,Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA,Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA
02139, USA,Harvard Graduate Program in Biophysics, Harvard University,
Cambridge, MA 02138, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA,Program in Computational & Systems Biology,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA,Program in Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
02115, USA,Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Alexandra-Chloé Villani
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142,
USA,Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Department
of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA,Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital,
Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston,
MA 02115, USA
| | - Orit Rozenblatt-Rosen
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and
Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA, USA,Current address: Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San
Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Aviv Regev
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and
Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA, USA,Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD,
USA,Current address: Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San
Francisco, CA, USA
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23
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Perini T, Materozzi M, Milan E. The Immunity-malignancy equilibrium in multiple myeloma: lessons from oncogenic events in plasma cells. FEBS J 2021; 289:4383-4397. [PMID: 34117720 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignancy of plasma cells (PC) that grow within the bone marrow and maintain massive immunoglobulin (Ig) production. Disease evolution is driven by genetic lesions, whose effects on cell biology and fitness underlie addictions and vulnerabilities of myeloma cells. Several genes mutated in myeloma are strictly involved in dictating PC identity and antibody factory function. Here, we evaluate the impact of mutations in IRF4, PRDM1, and XBP1, essential transcription factors driving the B to PC differentiation, on MM cell biology and homeostasis. These factors are highly specialized, with limited overlap in their downstream transcriptional programs. Indeed, IRF4 sustains metabolism, survival, and proliferation, while PRDM1 and XBP1 are mainly responsible for endoplasmic reticulum expansion and sustained Ig secretion. Interestingly, IRF4 undergoes activating mutations and translocations, while PRDM1 and XBP1 are hit by loss-of-function events, raising the hypothesis that containment of the secretory program, but not its complete extinction, may be beneficial to malignant PCs. Finally, recent studies unveiled that also the PRDM1 target, FAM46C/TENT5C, an onco-suppressor uniquely and frequently mutated or deleted in myeloma, is directly and potently involved in orchestrating ER homeostasis and secretory activity. Inactivating mutations found in this gene and its interactors strengthen the notion that reduced secretory capacity confers advantage to myeloma cells. We believe that dissection of the evolutionary pressure on genes driving PC-specific functions in myeloma will disclose the cellular strategies by which myeloma cells maintain an equilibrium between antibody production and survival, thus unveiling novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Perini
- Age related Diseases Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy.,University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy.,Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Materozzi
- Age related Diseases Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy.,Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Italy
| | - Enrico Milan
- Age related Diseases Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy.,University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
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24
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The Interaction of the Tumor Suppressor FAM46C with p62 and FNDC3 Proteins Integrates Protein and Secretory Homeostasis. Cell Rep 2021; 32:108162. [PMID: 32966780 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
FAM46C is a non-canonical poly(A) polymerase uniquely mutated in up to 20% of multiple myeloma (MM) patients, implying a tissue-specific tumor suppressor function. Here, we report that FAM46C selectively stabilizes mRNAs encoding endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-targeted proteins, thereby concertedly enhancing the expression of proteins that control ER protein import, folding, N-glycosylation, and trafficking and boosting protein secretion. This role requires the interaction with the ER membrane resident proteins FNDC3A and FNDC3B. In MM cells, FAM46C expression raises secretory capacity beyond sustainability, inducing ROS accumulation, ATP shortage, and cell death. FAM46C activity is regulated through rapid proteasomal degradation or the inhibitory interaction with the ZZ domain of the autophagic receptor p62 that hinders its association with FNDC3 proteins via sequestration in p62+ aggregates. Altogether, our data disclose a p62/FAM46C/FNDC3 circuit coordinating sustainable secretory activity and survival, providing an explanation for the MM-specific oncosuppressive role of FAM46C and uncovering potential therapeutic opportunities against cancer.
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25
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Watson MJ, Berger PL, Banerjee K, Frank SB, Tang L, Ganguly SS, Hostetter G, Winn M, Miranti CK. Aberrant CREB1 activation in prostate cancer disrupts normal prostate luminal cell differentiation. Oncogene 2021; 40:3260-3272. [PMID: 33846571 PMCID: PMC10760404 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01772-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms of luminal cell differentiation are not understood well enough to determine how differentiation goes awry during oncogenesis. Using RNA-Seq analysis, we discovered that CREB1 plays a central role in maintaining new luminal cell survival and that oncogenesis dramatically changes the CREB1-induced transcriptome. CREB1 is active in luminal cells, but not basal cells. We identified ING4 and its E3 ligase, JFK, as CREB1 transcriptional targets in luminal cells. During luminal cell differentiation, transient induction of ING4 expression is followed by a peak in CREB1 activity, while JFK increases concomitantly with CREB1 activation. Transient expression of ING4 is required for luminal cell induction; however, failure to properly down-regulate ING4 leads to luminal cell death. Consequently, blocking CREB1 increased ING4 expression, suppressed JFK, and led to luminal cell death. Thus, CREB1 is responsible for the suppression of ING4 required for luminal cell survival and maintenance. Oncogenic transformation by suppressing PTEN resulted in constitutive activation of CREB1. However, the tumor cells could no longer fully differentiate into luminal cells, failed to express ING4, and displayed a unique CREB1 transcriptome. Blocking CREB1 in tumorigenic cells suppressed tumor growth in vivo, rescued ING4 expression, and restored luminal cell formation, but ultimately induced luminal cell death. IHC of primary prostate tumors demonstrated a strong correlation between loss of ING4 and loss of PTEN. This is the first study to define a molecular mechanism whereby oncogenic loss of PTEN, leading to aberrant CREB1 activation, suppresses ING4 expression causing disruption of luminal cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Watson
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - P L Berger
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - K Banerjee
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - S B Frank
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - L Tang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - S S Ganguly
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - G Hostetter
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - M Winn
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - C K Miranti
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
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26
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Rees-Spear C, McCoy LE. Vaccine responses in ageing and chronic viral infection. OXFORD OPEN IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 2:iqab007. [PMID: 36845567 PMCID: PMC9914503 DOI: 10.1093/oxfimm/iqab007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last few decades, changing population demographics have shown that there are a growing number of individuals living past the age of 60. With this expanding older population comes an increase in individuals that are more susceptible to chronic illness and disease. An important part of maintaining health in this population is through prophylactic vaccination, however, there is growing evidence that vaccines may be less effective in the elderly. Furthermore, with the success of anti-viral therapies, chronic infections such as HIV are becoming increasingly prevalent in older populations and present a relatively unstudied population with respect to the efficacy of vaccination. Here we will examine the evidence for age-associated reduction in antibody and cellular responsiveness to a variety of common vaccines and investigate the underlying causes attributed to this phenomenon, such as inflammation and senescence. We will also discuss the impact of chronic viral infections on immune responses in both young and elderly patients, particularly those living with HIV, and how this affects vaccinations in these populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe Rees-Spear
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK
| | - Laura E McCoy
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK,Correspondence address. Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK. E-mail:
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27
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Che N, Sun X, Gu L, Wang X, Shi J, Sun Y, Xu L, Liu R, Wang J, Zhu F, Peng N, Xiao F, Hu D, Lu L, Qiu W, Zhang M. Adiponectin Enhances B-Cell Proliferation and Differentiation via Activation of Akt1/STAT3 and Exacerbates Collagen-Induced Arthritis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:626310. [PMID: 33815378 PMCID: PMC8012765 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.626310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although B cells have been shown to contribute to the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the precise role of B cells in RA needs to be explored further. Our previous studies have revealed that adiponectin (AD) is expressed at high levels in inflamed synovial joint tissues, and its expression is closely correlated with progressive bone erosion in patients with RA. In this study, we investigated the possible role of AD in B cell proliferation and differentiation. We found that AD stimulation could induce B cell proliferation and differentiation in cell culture. Notably, local intraarticular injection of AD promoted B cell expansion in joint tissues and exacerbated arthritis in mice with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Mechanistically, AD induced the activation of PI3K/Akt1 and STAT3 and promoted the proliferation and differentiation of B cells. Moreover, STAT3 bound to the promoter of the Blimp-1 gene, upregulated Blimp-1 expression at the transcriptional level, and promoted B cell differentiation. Collectively, we observed that AD exacerbated CIA by enhancing B cell proliferation and differentiation mediated by the PI3K/Akt1/STAT3 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Che
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Sun
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Gu
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Chongqing International Institute for Immunology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jingjing Shi
- Clinical Medical Science of the First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Clinical Medical Science of the First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lingxiao Xu
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junke Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fengyi Zhu
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Na Peng
- Department of Rheumatology and Nephrology, The Second People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Fan Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Chongqing International Institute for Immunology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dajun Hu
- Department of Rheumatology and Nephrology, The Second People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Liwei Lu
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Chongqing International Institute for Immunology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wen Qiu
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immunological Environment and Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Miaojia Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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28
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Diallo MS, Samri A, Charpentier C, Bertine M, Cheynier R, Thiébaut R, Matheron S, Collin F, Braibant M, Candotti D, Brun-Vézinet F, Autran B, Appay V, Autran B, Brun-Vezinet F, Chaghil N, Descamps D, Hosmalin A, Pancino G, Manel N, Marchand L, Pedroza-Martins L, Sàez-Cirion A, Vieillard V, Agut H, Clauvel JP, Costagliola D, Debré P, Theodorou I, Sicard D, Viard JP, Barin F, Vieillard V, Autran B. A Comparison of Cell Activation, Exhaustion, and Expression of HIV Coreceptors and Restriction Factors in HIV-1- and HIV-2-Infected Nonprogressors. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2021; 37:214-223. [PMID: 33050708 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2020.0084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency viruses induce rare attenuated diseases due either to HIV-1 in the exceptional long-term nonprogressors (LTNPs) or to HIV-2 in West Africa. To better understand characteristics of these two disease types we performed a multiplex comparative analysis of cell activation, exhaustion, and expression of coreceptors and restriction factors in CD4 T cells susceptible to harbor those viruses. We analyzed by flow cytometry the expression of HLA-DR, PD1, CCR5, CXCR6, SAMHD1, Blimp-1, and TRIM5α on CD4 T cell subsets from 10 HIV-1+ LTNPs and 14 HIV-2+ (12 nonprogressors and 2 progressors) of the ANRS CO-15 and CO-5 cohorts, respectively, and 12 HIV- healthy donors (HD). The V3 loop of the HIV-1 envelope from 6 HIV-1+ LTNPs was sequenced to determine the CXCR6-binding capacity. Proportions of HLA-DR+ and PD1+ cells were higher in memory CD4 T subsets from HIV-1 LTNPs compared with HIV-2 and HD. Similar findings were observed for CCR5+ cells although limited to central-memory CD4 T cell (TCM) and follicular helper T cell subsets, whereas all major subsets from HIV-1 LTNPs contained less CXCR6+ cells compared with HIV-2. All six V3 loop sequences from HIV-1 LTNPs contained a proline at position 326. Proportions of SAMHD1+ cells were higher in all resting CD4 T subsets from HIV-1 LTNPs compared with the other groups, whereas Blimp-1+ and Trim5α+ cells did not differ. The CD4 T cell subsets from HIV-1 LTNPs differ from those of HIV-2-infected subjects by higher levels of activation, exhaustion, and SAMHD1 expression that can reflect the distinct patterns of host/virus relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariama Sadjo Diallo
- Inserm 1135, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, Cimi-Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Assia Samri
- Inserm 1135, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, Cimi-Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Charlotte Charpentier
- IAME, UMR 1137, Inserm, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Bichat, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Mélanie Bertine
- IAME, UMR 1137, Inserm, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Bichat, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Rémi Cheynier
- Institut Cochin, Inserm, U1016, CNRS, UMR8104, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Rodolphe Thiébaut
- Inserm U1219 Bordeaux Population Health, INRIA SISTM, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sophie Matheron
- Inserm, IAME, UMR 1137, University of Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Assistance Publique -Hôpitaux de Paris, Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hôpital Bichat, HUPNVS, Paris, France
| | - Fidéline Collin
- Inserm, IAME, UMR 1137, University of Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Assistance Publique -Hôpitaux de Paris, Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hôpital Bichat, HUPNVS, Paris, France
| | - Martine Braibant
- Université François-Rabelais, Inserm U1259 & CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
| | | | | | - Brigitte Autran
- Inserm 1135, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, Cimi-Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
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29
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Hepatitis B core-based virus-like particles: A platform for vaccine development in plants. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 29:e00605. [PMID: 33732633 PMCID: PMC7937989 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2021.e00605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Virus-like particles (VLPs) are a class of structures formed by the self-assembly of viral capsid protein subunits and contain no infective viral genetic material. The Hepatitis B core (HBc) antigen is capable of assembling into VLPs that can elicit strong immune responses and has been licensed as a commercial vaccine against Hepatitis B. The HBc VLPs have also been employed as a platform for the presentation of foreign epitopes to the immune system and have been used to develop vaccines against, for example, influenza A and Foot-and-mouth disease. Plant expression systems are rapid, scalable and safe, and are capable of providing correct post-translational modifications and reducing upstream production costs. The production of HBc-based virus-like particles in plants would thus greatly increase the efficiency of vaccine production. This review investigates the application of plant-based HBc VLP as a platform for vaccine production.
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30
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Niclosamide suppresses the expansion of follicular helper T cells and alleviates disease severity in two murine models of lupus via STAT3. J Transl Med 2021; 19:86. [PMID: 33632240 PMCID: PMC7908700 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-02760-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Autoantibody production against endogenous cellular components is pathogenic feature of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Follicular helper T (TFH) cells aid in B cell differentiation into autoantibody-producing plasma cells (PCs). The IL-6 and IL-21 cytokine-mediated STAT3 signaling are crucial for the differentiation to TFH cells. Niclosamide is an anti-helminthic drug used to treat parasitic infections but also exhibits a therapeutic effect on autoimmune diseases due to its potential immune regulatory effects. In this study, we examined whether niclosamide treatment could relieve lupus-like autoimmunity by modulating the differentiation of TFH cells in two murine models of lupus. Methods 10-week-old MRL/lpr mice were orally administered with 100 mg/kg of niclosamide or with 0.5% methylcellulose (MC, vehicle) daily for 7 weeks. TLR7 agonist, resiquimod was topically applied to an ear of 8-week-old C57BL/6 mice 3 times a week for 5 weeks. And they were orally administered with 100 mg/kg of niclosamide or with 0.5% MC daily for 5 weeks. Every mouse was analyzed for lupus nephritis, proteinuria, autoantibodies, immune complex, immune cell subsets at the time of the euthanization. Results Niclosamide treatment greatly improved proteinuria, anti-dsDNA antibody levels, immunoglobulin subclass titers, histology of lupus nephritis, and C3 deposition in MRL/lpr and R848-induced mice. In addition, niclosamide inhibited the proportion of TFH cells and PCs in the spleens of these animals, and effectively suppressed differentiation of TFH-like cells and expression of associated genes in vitro. Conclusions Niclosamide exerted therapeutic effects on murine lupus models by suppressing TFH cells and plasma cells through STAT3 inhibition. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-021-02760-2.
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31
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Wang O, Zhou M, Chen Y, McAllister TA, Plastow G, Stanford K, Selinger B, Guan LL. MicroRNAomes of Cattle Intestinal Tissues Revealed Possible miRNA Regulated Mechanisms Involved in Escherichia coli O157 Fecal Shedding. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:634505. [PMID: 33732664 PMCID: PMC7959717 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.634505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cattle have been suggested as the primary reservoirs of E. coli O157 mainly as a result of colonization of the recto-anal junction (RAJ) and subsequent shedding into the environment. Although a recent study reported different gene expression at RAJ between super-shedders (SS) and non-shedders (NS), the regulatory mechanisms of altered gene expression is unknown. This study aimed to investigate whether bovine non-coding RNAs play a role in regulating the differentially expressed (DE) genes between SS and NS, thus further influencing E. coli O157 shedding behavior in the animals through studying miRNAomes of the whole gastrointestinal tract including duodenum, proximal jejunum, distal jejunum, cecum, spiral colon, descending colon and rectum. The number of miRNAs detected in each intestinal region ranged from 390 ± 13 (duodenum) to 413 ± 49 (descending colon). Comparison between SS and NS revealed the number of differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs ranged from one (in descending colon) to eight (in distal jejunum), and through the whole gut, seven miRNAs were up-regulated and seven were down-regulated in SS. The distal jejunum and rectum were the regions where the most DE miRNAs were identified (eight and seven, respectively). The miRNAs, bta-miR-378b, bta-miR-2284j, and bta-miR-2284d were down-regulated in both distal jejunum and rectum of SS (log2fold-change: −2.7 to −3.8), bta-miR-2887 was down-regulated in the rectum of SS (log2fold-change: −3.2), and bta-miR-211 and bta-miR-29d-3p were up-regulated in the rectum of SS (log2fold-change: 4.5 and 2.2). Functional analysis of these miRNAs indicated their potential regulatory role in host immune functions, including hematological system development and immune cell trafficking. Our findings suggest that altered expression of miRNA in the gut of SS may lead to differential regulation of immune functions involved in E. coli O157 super-shedding in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ou Wang
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Mi Zhou
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Yanhong Chen
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Tim A McAllister
- Lethbridge Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Graham Plastow
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Kim Stanford
- Research and Innovation Services, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Brent Selinger
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Le Luo Guan
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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32
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Kojima Y, Yamashiro C, Murase Y, Yabuta Y, Okamoto I, Iwatani C, Tsuchiya H, Nakaya M, Tsukiyama T, Nakamura T, Yamamoto T, Saitou M. GATA transcription factors, SOX17 and TFAP2C, drive the human germ-cell specification program. Life Sci Alliance 2021; 4:4/5/e202000974. [PMID: 33608411 PMCID: PMC7918644 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202000974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This work shows that GATA transcription factors transduce the BMP signaling and, with SOX17 and TFAP2C, induce the human germ-cell fate, delineating the mechanism for human germ-cell specification. The in vitro reconstitution of human germ-cell development provides a robust framework for clarifying key underlying mechanisms. Here, we explored transcription factors (TFs) that engender the germ-cell fate in their pluripotent precursors. Unexpectedly, SOX17, TFAP2C, and BLIMP1, which act under the BMP signaling and are indispensable for human primordial germ-cell-like cell (hPGCLC) specification, failed to induce hPGCLCs. In contrast, GATA3 or GATA2, immediate BMP effectors, combined with SOX17 and TFAP2C, generated hPGCLCs. GATA3/GATA2 knockouts dose-dependently impaired BMP-induced hPGCLC specification, whereas GATA3/GATA2 expression remained unaffected in SOX17, TFAP2C, or BLIMP1 knockouts. In cynomolgus monkeys, a key model for human development, GATA3, SOX17, and TFAP2C were co-expressed exclusively in early PGCs. Crucially, the TF-induced hPGCLCs acquired a hallmark of bona fide hPGCs to undergo epigenetic reprogramming and mature into oogonia/gonocytes in xenogeneic reconstituted ovaries. By uncovering a TF circuitry driving the germ line program, our study provides a paradigm for TF-based human gametogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoji Kojima
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Kyoto, Japan .,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Kyoto, Japan.,Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Chika Yamashiro
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yusuke Murase
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Yabuta
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ikuhiro Okamoto
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Chizuru Iwatani
- Research Center for Animal Life Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta-Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Japan
| | - Hideaki Tsuchiya
- Research Center for Animal Life Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta-Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Japan
| | - Masataka Nakaya
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Kyoto, Japan.,Research Center for Animal Life Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta-Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Tsukiyama
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Kyoto, Japan.,Research Center for Animal Life Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta-Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Japan
| | - Tomonori Nakamura
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Kyoto, Japan.,The Hakubi Center for Advanced Research, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takuya Yamamoto
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Kyoto, Japan.,Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Kyoto, Japan.,AMED-CREST, AMED, Tokyo, Japan.,Medical-Risk Avoidance Based on iPS Cells Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project (AIP), Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mitinori Saitou
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Kyoto, Japan .,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Kyoto, Japan.,Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Kyoto, Japan
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33
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Sarmadi VH, Ahmadloo S, Boroojerdi MH, John CM, Al-Graitte SJR, Lawal H, Maqbool M, Hwa LK, Ramasamy R. Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells-mediated Transcriptomic Regulation of Leukemic Cells in Delivering Anti-tumorigenic Effects. Cell Transplant 2021; 29:963689719885077. [PMID: 32024378 PMCID: PMC7444238 DOI: 10.1177/0963689719885077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment of leukemia has become much difficult because of resistance to the
existing anticancer therapies. This has thus expedited the search for alternativ
therapies, and one of these is the exploitation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)
towards control of tumor cells. The present study investigated the effect of
human umbilical cord-derived MSCs (UC-MSCs) on the proliferation of leukemic
cells and gauged the transcriptomic modulation and the signaling pathways
potentially affected by UC-MSCs. The inhibition of growth of leukemic tumor cell
lines was assessed by proliferation assays, apoptosis and cell cycle analysis.
BV173 and HL-60 cells were further analyzed using microarray gene expression
profiling. The microarray results were validated by RT-qPCR and western blot
assay for the corresponding expression of genes and proteins. The UC-MSCs
attenuated leukemic cell viability and proliferation in a dose-dependent manner
without inducing apoptosis. Cell cycle analysis revealed that the growth of
tumor cells was arrested at the G0/G1 phase. The
microarray results identified that HL-60 and BV173 share 35 differentially
expressed genes (DEGs) (same expression direction) in the presence of UC-MSCs.
In silico analysis of these selected DEGs indicated a
significant influence in the cell cycle and cell cycle-related biological
processes and signaling pathways. Among these, the expression of DBF4, MDM2,
CCNE2, CDK6, CDKN1A, and CDKN2A was implicated in six different signaling
pathways that play a pivotal role in the anti-tumorigenic activity exerted by
UC-MSCs. The UC-MSCs perturbate the cell cycle process of leukemic cells via
dysregulation of tumor suppressor and oncogene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Hosseinpour Sarmadi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stem Cell & Immunity Research Group, Immunology Laboratory, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Salma Ahmadloo
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Genetics Laboratory, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohadese Hashem Boroojerdi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stem Cell & Immunity Research Group, Immunology Laboratory, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Cini Mathew John
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Satar Jabbar Rahi Al-Graitte
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stem Cell & Immunity Research Group, Immunology Laboratory, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.,Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Kerbala, Kerbala City, Iraq
| | - Hamza Lawal
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stem Cell & Immunity Research Group, Immunology Laboratory, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Bauchi State University, Gadau, Itas-Gadau LGA, Bauchi State 751105 Nigeria
| | - Maryam Maqbool
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stem Cell & Immunity Research Group, Immunology Laboratory, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ling King Hwa
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rajesh Ramasamy
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stem Cell & Immunity Research Group, Immunology Laboratory, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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34
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Abstract
T lymphocytes, the major effector cells in cellular immunity, produce cytokines in immune responses to mediate inflammation and regulate other types of immune cells. Work in the last three decades has revealed significant heterogeneity in CD4+ T cells, in terms of their cytokine expression, leading to the discoveries of T helper 1 (Th1), Th2, Th17, and T follicular helper (Tfh) cell subsets. These cells possess unique developmental and regulatory pathways and play distinct roles in immunity and immune-mediated pathologies. Other types of T cells, including regulatory T cells and γδ T cells, as well as innate lymphocytes, display similar features of subpopulations, which may play differential roles in immunity. Mechanisms exist to prevent cytokine production by T cells to maintain immune tolerance to self-antigens, some of which may also underscore immune exhaustion in the context of tumors. Understanding cytokine regulation and function has offered innovative treatment of many human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Dong
- Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Renji Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China;
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35
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Aslam MA, Alemdehy MF, Kwesi-Maliepaard EM, Muhaimin FI, Caganova M, Pardieck IN, van den Brand T, van Welsem T, de Rink I, Song JY, de Wit E, Arens R, Jacobs H, van Leeuwen F. Histone methyltransferase DOT1L controls state-specific identity during B cell differentiation. EMBO Rep 2021; 22:e51184. [PMID: 33410591 PMCID: PMC7857439 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202051184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Differentiation of naïve peripheral B cells into terminally differentiated plasma cells is characterized by epigenetic alterations, yet the epigenetic mechanisms that control B‐cell fate remain unclear. Here, we identified a role for the histone H3K79 methyltransferase DOT1L in controlling B‐cell differentiation. Mouse B cells lacking Dot1L failed to establish germinal centers (GC) and normal humoral immune responses in vivo. In vitro, activated B cells in which Dot1L was deleted showed aberrant differentiation and prematurely acquired plasma cell characteristics. Similar results were obtained when DOT1L was chemically inhibited in mature B cells in vitro. Mechanistically, combined epigenomics and transcriptomics analysis revealed that DOT1L promotes expression of a pro‐proliferative, pro‐GC program. In addition, DOT1L indirectly supports the repression of an anti‐proliferative plasma cell differentiation program by maintaining the repression of Polycomb Repressor Complex 2 (PRC2) targets. Our findings show that DOT1L is a key modulator of the core transcriptional and epigenetic landscape in B cells, establishing an epigenetic barrier that warrants B‐cell naivety and GC B‐cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Assad Aslam
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Mir Farshid Alemdehy
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Iris N Pardieck
- Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Teun van den Brand
- Division of Gene Regulation, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Division of Gene Regulation, Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tibor van Welsem
- Division of Gene Regulation, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Iris de Rink
- Genome Core Facility, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ji-Ying Song
- Division of Experimental Animal Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elzo de Wit
- Division of Gene Regulation, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Division of Gene Regulation, Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ramon Arens
- Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Heinz Jacobs
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fred van Leeuwen
- Division of Gene Regulation, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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36
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Lycium barbarum Polysaccharides Promote Maturity of Murine Dendritic Cells through Toll-Like Receptor 4-Erk1/2-Blimp1 Signaling Pathway. J Immunol Res 2020; 2020:1751793. [PMID: 33344654 PMCID: PMC7725586 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1751793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In previous studies, Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBP), a traditional Chinese medicine, can promote immature dendritic cells (DCs) to mature. However, the molecular mechanisms by which LBP works are not yet elucidated. Here, we found that LBP can induce DCs maturation, which is mainly characterized by the upregulation of MHCII and costimulatory molecules (CD80, CD86), and increase the production of IL-6 and IL-4. Furthermore, we found that LBP could increase the mRNA and protein expression of TLR4, p38, Erk1/2, JNK, and Blimp1 signal molecules. More interestingly, after blocking by Toll-like receptor 4 inhibitor, Resatorvid (TAK 242), the mRNA and protein expression of TLR4, Erk1/2, and Blimp1 was significantly decreased while the expression of p38 and JNK has not changed. Then, we found that after blocking by p38 inhibitor (SB203580), Erk inhibitor (PD98059), and JNK inhibitor (SP603580) separately, Blimp1 protein expression was significantly reduced; after downregulating Blimp1 by Blimp1-siRNA, the production of IL-6 was reduced. In conclusion, our results indicate that LBP can induce maturation of DCs through the TLR4-Erk1/2-Blimp1 signal pathway instead of the JNK/p38-Blimp1 pathway. Our findings may provide a novel evidence for understanding the molecular mechanisms of LBP on activating murine DCs.
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37
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Perdiguero P, Goméz-Esparza MC, Martín D, Bird S, Soleto I, Morel E, Díaz-Rosales P, Tafalla C. Insights Into the Evolution of the prdm1/Blimp1 Gene Family in Teleost Fish. Front Immunol 2020; 11:596975. [PMID: 33193451 PMCID: PMC7662092 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.596975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In mammals, Blimp1 (B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein 1) encoded by the prdm1 gene and its homolog Hobit (homolog of Blimp1 in T cells) encoded by znf683, represent key transcriptional factors that control the development and differentiation of both B and T cells. Despite their essential role in the regulation of acquired immunity, this gene family has been largely unexplored in teleosts to date. Until now, one prdm1 gene has been identified in most teleost species, whereas a znf683 homolog has not yet been reported in any of these species. Focusing our analysis on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), an in silico identification and characterization of prdm1-like genes has been undertaken, confirming that prdm1 and znf683 evolved from a common ancestor gene, acquiring three gene copies after the teleost-specific whole genome duplication event (WGD) and six genes after the salmonid-specific WGD. Additional transcriptional studies to study how each of these genes are regulated in homeostasis, in response to a viral infection or in B cells in different differentiation stages, provide novel insights as to how this gene family evolved and how their encoded products might be implicated in the lymphocyte differentiation process in teleosts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Diana Martín
- Animal Health Research Center (CISA-INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Steve Bird
- Biomedical Unit, School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Irene Soleto
- Animal Health Research Center (CISA-INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Morel
- Animal Health Research Center (CISA-INIA), Madrid, Spain
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38
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Differential epigenetic regulation between the alternative promoters, PRDM1α and PRDM1β, of the tumour suppressor gene PRDM1 in human multiple myeloma cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15899. [PMID: 32985591 PMCID: PMC7522722 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72946-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a B-cell neoplasm that is characterized by the accumulation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow. The transcription factor PRDM1 is a master regulator of plasma cell development and is considered to be an oncosuppressor in several lymphoid neoplasms. The PRDM1β isoform is an alternative promoter of the PRDM1 gene that may interfere with the normal role of the PRDM1α isoform. To explain the induction of the PRDM1β isoform in MM and to offer potential therapeutic strategies to modulate its expression, we characterized the cis regulatory elements and epigenetic status of its promoter. We observed unexpected patterns of hypermethylation and hypomethylation at the PRDM1α and PRDM1β promoters, respectively, and prominent H3K4me1 and H3K9me2 enrichment at the PRDM1β promoter in non-expressing cell lines compared to PRDM1β-expressing cell lines. After treatment with drugs that inhibit DNA methylation, we were able to modify the activity of the PRDM1β promoter but not that of the PRDM1α promoter. Epigenetic drugs may offer the ability to control the expression of the PRDM1α/PRDM1β promoters as components of novel therapeutic approaches.
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39
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Ulmert I, Henriques-Oliveira L, Pereira CF, Lahl K. Mononuclear phagocyte regulation by the transcription factor Blimp-1 in health and disease. Immunology 2020; 161:303-313. [PMID: 32799350 PMCID: PMC7692253 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
B lymphocyte‐induced maturation protein‐1 (Blimp‐1), the transcription factor encoded by the gene Prdm1, plays a number of crucial roles in the adaptive immune system, which result in the maintenance of key effector functions of B‐ and T‐cells. Emerging clinical data, as well as mechanistic evidence from mouse studies, have additionally identified critical functions of Blimp‐1 in the maintenance of immune homeostasis by the mononuclear phagocyte (MNP) system. Blimp‐1 regulation of gene expression affects various aspects of MNP biology, including developmental programmes such as fate decisions of monocytes entering peripheral tissue, and functional programmes such as activation, antigen presentation and secretion of soluble inflammatory mediators. The highly tissue‐, subset‐ and state‐specific regulation of Blimp‐1 expression in MNPs suggests that Blimp‐1 is a dynamic regulator of immune activation, integrating environmental cues to fine‐tune the function of innate cells. In this review, we will discuss the current knowledge regarding Blimp‐1 regulation and function in macrophages and dendritic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Ulmert
- Division of Biopharma, Institute for Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Carlos-Filipe Pereira
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Cell Reprogramming in Hematopoiesis and Immunity Laboratory, Lund Stem Cell Center, Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Katharina Lahl
- Division of Biopharma, Institute for Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.,Immunology Section, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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40
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Vigano S, Bobisse S, Coukos G, Perreau M, Harari A. Cancer and HIV-1 Infection: Patterns of Chronic Antigen Exposure. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1350. [PMID: 32714330 PMCID: PMC7344140 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The main role of the human immune system is to eliminate cells presenting foreign antigens and abnormal patterns, while maintaining self-tolerance. However, when facing highly variable pathogens or antigens very similar to self-antigens, this system can fail in completely eliminating the anomalies, leading to the establishment of chronic pathologies. Prototypical examples of immune system defeat are cancer and Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 (HIV-1) infection. In both conditions, the immune system is persistently exposed to antigens leading to systemic inflammation, lack of generation of long-term memory and exhaustion of effector cells. This triggers a negative feedback loop where effector cells are unable to resolve the pathology and cannot be replaced due to the lack of a pool of undifferentiated, self-renewing memory T cells. In addition, in an attempt to reduce tissue damage due to chronic inflammation, antigen presenting cells and myeloid components of the immune system activate systemic regulatory and tolerogenic programs. Beside these homologies shared between cancer and HIV-1 infection, the immune system can be shaped differently depending on the type and distribution of the eliciting antigens with ultimate consequences at the phenotypic and functional level of immune exhaustion. T cell differentiation, functionality, cytotoxic potential and proliferation reserve, immune-cell polarization, upregulation of negative regulators (immune checkpoint molecules) are indeed directly linked to the quantitative and qualitative differences in priming and recalling conditions. Better understanding of distinct mechanisms and functional consequences underlying disease-specific immune cell dysfunction will contribute to further improve and personalize immunotherapy. In the present review, we describe relevant players of immune cell exhaustion in cancer and HIV-1 infection, and enumerate the best-defined hallmarks of T cell dysfunction. Moreover, we highlight shared and divergent aspects of T cell exhaustion and T cell activation to the best of current knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selena Vigano
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne and Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sara Bobisse
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne and Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - George Coukos
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne and Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matthieu Perreau
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Harari
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne and Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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41
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Magatti M, Masserdotti A, Bonassi Signoroni P, Vertua E, Stefani FR, Silini AR, Parolini O. B Lymphocytes as Targets of the Immunomodulatory Properties of Human Amniotic Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1156. [PMID: 32582218 PMCID: PMC7295987 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) from the amniotic membrane of human term placenta (hAMSC), and the conditioned medium generated from their culture (CM-hAMSC) offer significant tools for their use in regenerative medicine mainly due to their immunomodulatory properties. Interestingly, hAMSC and their CM have been successfully exploited in preclinical disease models of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases where depletion or modulation of B cells have been indicated as an effective treatment, such as inflammatory bowel disease, lung fibrosis, would healing, collagen-induced arthritis, and multiple sclerosis. While the interactions between hAMSC or CM-hAMSC and T lymphocytes, monocytes, dendritic cells, and macrophages has been extensively explored, how they affect B lymphocytes remains unclear. Considering that B cells are key players in the adaptive immune response and are a central component of different diseases, in this study we investigated the in vitro properties of hAMSC and CM-hAMSC on B cells. We provide evidence that both hAMSC and CM-hAMSC strongly suppressed CpG-activated B-cell proliferation. Moreover, CM-hAMSC blocked B-cell differentiation, with an increase of the proportion of mature B cells, and a reduction of antibody secreting cell formation. We observed the strong inhibition of B cell terminal differentiation into CD138+ plasma cells, as further shown by a significant decrease of the expression of interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF-4), PR/SET domain 1(PRDM1), and X-box binding protein 1 (XBP-1) genes. Our results point out that the mechanism by which CM-hAMSC impacts B cell proliferation and differentiation is mediated by secreted factors, and prostanoids are partially involved in these actions. Factors contained in the CM-hAMSC decreased the CpG-uptake sensors (CD205, CD14, and TLR9), suggesting that B cell stimulation was affected early on. CM-hAMSC also decreased the expression of interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK)-4, consequently inhibiting the entire CpG-induced downstream signaling pathway. Overall, these findings add insight into the mechanism of action of hAMSC and CM-hAMSC and are useful to better design their potential therapeutic application in B-cell mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Magatti
- Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alice Masserdotti
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Elsa Vertua
- Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Antonietta Rosa Silini
- Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, Brescia, Italy
| | - Ornella Parolini
- Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, Brescia, Italy.,Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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42
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Elizondo CR, Bright JD, Byrne JA, Bright RK. Analysis of the CD8+ IL-10+ T cell response elicited by vaccination with the oncogenic tumor-self protein D52. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2020; 16:1413-1423. [PMID: 31769704 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2019.1689746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of cancer vaccines targeting tumor self-antigens is complex and challenging due to the difficulty of overcoming immune tolerance to self-proteins. Vaccination against tumor self-protein D52 (D52) has been successful, although complete protection appears impaired by immune regulation. Our previous studies suggest that vaccine elicited CD8 + T cells producing interleukin 10 (IL-10) may have a negative impact on tumor protection. Understanding the role CD8+ IL-10 + T cells play in the immune response following vaccination with D52 could result in a more potent vaccine. To address this, we vaccinated IL-10 deficient mice with the murine orthologue of D52; vaccination of wild type (wt) C57BL/6J served as a control for comparison. In separate experiments, D52 vaccinated wt mice were administered IL-10R-specific mAb to neutralize IL-10 function. Interestingly, we observed similar protection against primary tumor challenge in the experimental groups compared to the controls. However, individual IL-10 deficient mice that rejected the primary tumor challenge were re-challenged 140 days post-primary challenge to access vaccine durability and immunologic memory against tumor recurrence. Mice deficient in IL-10 demonstrated a memory response in which 100% of the mice were protected from secondary tumor challenge, while wt mice had diminished recall response (25%) against tumor recurrence. These results with analysis of vaccine-elicited CD8 + T cells for tumor-specific killing and regulatory cell marker expression, add further support to our premise that CD8+ IL-10 + T cells elicited by D52 tumor-self protein vaccine contribute to the suppression of a memory CTL responses and durable tumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Riccay Elizondo
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center , Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Jennifer D Bright
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center , Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Jennifer A Byrne
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney , Westmead, Australia
| | - Robert K Bright
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center , Lubbock, TX, USA.,Cancer Center, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center , Lubbock, TX, USA
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43
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Garg G, Muschaweckh A, Moreno H, Vasanthakumar A, Floess S, Lepennetier G, Oellinger R, Zhan Y, Regen T, Hiltensperger M, Peter C, Aly L, Knier B, Palam LR, Kapur R, Kaplan MH, Waisman A, Rad R, Schotta G, Huehn J, Kallies A, Korn T. Blimp1 Prevents Methylation of Foxp3 and Loss of Regulatory T Cell Identity at Sites of Inflammation. Cell Rep 2020; 26:1854-1868.e5. [PMID: 30759395 PMCID: PMC6389594 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.01.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Foxp3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells restrict immune pathology in inflamed tissues; however, an inflammatory environment presents a threat to Treg cell identity and function. Here, we establish a transcriptional signature of central nervous system (CNS) Treg cells that accumulate during experimental autoimmune encephalitis (EAE) and identify a pathway that maintains Treg cell function and identity during severe inflammation. This pathway is dependent on the transcriptional regulator Blimp1, which prevents downregulation of Foxp3 expression and “toxic” gain-of-function of Treg cells in the inflamed CNS. Blimp1 negatively regulates IL-6- and STAT3-dependent Dnmt3a expression and function restraining methylation of Treg cell-specific conserved non-coding sequence 2 (CNS2) in the Foxp3 locus. Consequently, CNS2 is heavily methylated when Blimp1 is ablated, leading to a loss of Foxp3 expression and severe disease. These findings identify a Blimp1-dependent pathway that preserves Treg cell stability in inflamed non-lymphoid tissues. Most Foxp3+ Treg cells in the inflamed CNS express Blimp1 Blimp1 inhibits Dnmt3a and prevents methylation of the Foxp3 locus IL-6 contributes to methylation of the Foxp3 locus in a Dnmt3a-dependent manner Blimp1 counteracts the IL-6-driven destabilization of Treg cells
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Affiliation(s)
- Garima Garg
- Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Department of Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Muschaweckh
- Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Department of Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Helena Moreno
- Biomedical Center (BMC) and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Grosshaderner Str. 9, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Ajithkumar Vasanthakumar
- The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, 792 Elizabeth St., Melbourne Victoria 3000, Australia; The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Stefan Floess
- Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstr. 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Gildas Lepennetier
- Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Department of Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Rupert Oellinger
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, TranslaTUM Cancer Center, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany; Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Department of Medicine II, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Yifan Zhan
- The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, 792 Elizabeth St., Melbourne Victoria 3000, Australia; The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Tommy Regen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Michael Hiltensperger
- Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Department of Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Peter
- Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Department of Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Lilian Aly
- Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Department of Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Feodor-Lynen-Str. 17, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Benjamin Knier
- Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Department of Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Lakshmi Reddy Palam
- Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1044 West Walnut St., Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Reuben Kapur
- Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1044 West Walnut St., Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Mark H Kaplan
- Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1044 West Walnut St., Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Ari Waisman
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Roland Rad
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, TranslaTUM Cancer Center, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany; Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Department of Medicine II, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Gunnar Schotta
- Biomedical Center (BMC) and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Grosshaderner Str. 9, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Jochen Huehn
- Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstr. 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Axel Kallies
- The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, 792 Elizabeth St., Melbourne Victoria 3000, Australia; The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Thomas Korn
- Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Department of Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Feodor-Lynen-Str. 17, 81377 Munich, Germany.
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Epigenetic Therapy as a Putative Molecular Target to Modulate B Cell Biology and Behavior in the Context of Immunological Disorders. J Immunol Res 2020; 2020:1589191. [PMID: 32090127 PMCID: PMC7031723 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1589191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone Deacetylase- (HDAC-) dependent epigenetic mechanisms have been widely explored in the last decade in different types of malignancies in preclinical studies. This effort led to the discovery and development of a range of new HDAC inhibitors (iHDAC) with different chemical properties and selective abilities. In fact, hematological malignancies were the first ones to have new iHDACs approved for clinical use, such as Vorinostat and Romidepsin for cutaneous T cell lymphoma and panobinostat for multiple myeloma. Besides these promising already approved iHDACs, we highlight a range of studies focusing on the HDAC-dependent epigenetic control of B cell development, behavior, and/or function. Here, we highlight 21 iHDACs which have been studied in the literature in the context of B cell development and/or dysfunction mostly focused on B cell lymphomagenesis. Regardless, we have identified 55 clinical trials using 6 out of 21 iHDACs to approach their putative roles on B cell malignancies; none of them focuses on peritoneal B cell populations. Since cells belonging to this peculiar body compartment, named B1 cells, may contribute to the development of autoimmune pathologies, such as lupus, a better understanding of the HDAC-dependent epigenetic mechanisms that control its biology and behavior might shed light on iHDAC use to manage these immunological dysfunctions. In this sense, iHDACs might emerge as a promising new approach for translational studies in this field. In this review, we discuss a putative role of iHDACs in the modulation of peritoneal B cell subpopulation's balance as well as their role as therapeutic agents in the context of chronic diseases mediated by peritoneal B cells.
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Ogawa C, Bankoti R, Nguyen T, Hassanzadeh-Kiabi N, Nadeau S, Porritt RA, Couse M, Fan X, Dhall D, Eberl G, Ohnmacht C, Martins GA. Blimp-1 Functions as a Molecular Switch to Prevent Inflammatory Activity in Foxp3 +RORγt + Regulatory T Cells. Cell Rep 2020; 25:19-28.e5. [PMID: 30282028 PMCID: PMC6237548 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Treg) are essential modulators of immune responses, but the molecular mechanisms underlying their function are not fully understood. Here we show that the transcription factor Blimp-1 is a crucial regulator of the Foxp3+RORγt+ Treg subset. The intrinsic expression of Blimp-1 in these cells is required to prevent production of Th17-associated cytokines. Direct binding of Blimp-1 to the Il17 locus in Treg is associated with inhibitory histone modifications but unaltered binding of RORgt. In the absence of Blimp-1, the Il17 locus is activated, with increased occupancy of the co-activator p300 and abundant binding of the transcriptional regulator IRF4, which is required, along with RORγt, for IL-17 expression in the absence of Blimp-1. We also show that despite their sustained expression of Foxp3, Blimp-1−/− RORγt+IL-17-producing Treg lose suppressor function and can promote intestinal inflammation, indicating that repression of Th17-associated cytokines by Blimp-1 is a crucial requirement for RORγt+ Treg function. Ogawa et al. demonstrate that the transcription factor Blimp-1 is required to prevent production of Th17-associated cytokines and inflammatory activity of microbiota-specific Foxp3+RORγt+ Treg. These findings uncover a critical role for Blimp-1 in Foxp3+Treg function and shed light on the intricate mechanisms underlying Treg phenotypic stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Ogawa
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute (IBIRI), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (CSMC), Los Angeles, CA, USA; Biomedical Sciences, Research Division of Immunology, CSMC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rashmi Bankoti
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute (IBIRI), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (CSMC), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Truc Nguyen
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute (IBIRI), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (CSMC), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nargess Hassanzadeh-Kiabi
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute (IBIRI), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (CSMC), Los Angeles, CA, USA; CSMC Flow Cytometry Core, CSMC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Samantha Nadeau
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute (IBIRI), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (CSMC), Los Angeles, CA, USA; Biomedical Sciences, Research Division of Immunology, CSMC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rebecca A Porritt
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute (IBIRI), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (CSMC), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael Couse
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute (IBIRI), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (CSMC), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xuemo Fan
- Department of Pathology, CSMC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Deepti Dhall
- Department of Pathology, CSMC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Gerald Eberl
- Institut Pasteur, Microenvironment and Immunity Unit, Paris, France
| | - Caspar Ohnmacht
- Institut Pasteur, Microenvironment and Immunity Unit, Paris, France; Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technische Universität and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Gislâine A Martins
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute (IBIRI), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (CSMC), Los Angeles, CA, USA; Biomedical Sciences, Research Division of Immunology, CSMC, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, CSMC, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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46
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Bisso A, Sabò A, Amati B. MYC in Germinal Center-derived lymphomas: Mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities. Immunol Rev 2019; 288:178-197. [PMID: 30874346 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The rearrangement of immunoglobulin loci during the germinal center reaction is associated with an increased risk of chromosomal translocations that activate oncogenes such as MYC, BCL2 or BCL6, thus contributing to the development of B-cell lymphomas. MYC and BCL2 activation are initiating events in Burkitt's (BL) and Follicular Lymphoma (FL), respectively, but can occur at later stages in other subtypes such as Diffuse Large-B Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL). MYC can also be activated during the progression of FL to the transformed stage. Thus, either DLBCL or FL can give rise to aggressive double-hit lymphomas (DHL) with concurrent activation of MYC and BCL2. Research over the last three decades has improved our understanding of the functions of these oncogenes and the basis for their cooperative action in lymphomagenesis. MYC, in particular, is a transcription factor that contributes to cell activation, growth and proliferation, while concomitantly sensitizing cells to apoptosis, the latter being blocked by BCL2. Here, we review our current knowledge about the role of MYC in germinal center B-cells and lymphomas, discuss MYC-induced dependencies that can sensitize cancer cells to select pharmacological inhibitors, and illustrate their therapeutic potential in aggressive lymphomas-and in particular in DHL, in combination with BCL2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Bisso
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Arianna Sabò
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Bruno Amati
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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Saha G, Khamar BM, Prerna K, Kumar M, Dubey VK. BLIMP-1 Plays Important Role in the Regulation of Macrophage Pyroptosis for the Growth and Multiplication of Leishmania donovani. ACS Infect Dis 2019; 5:2087-2095. [PMID: 31618572 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.9b00186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Visceral leishmaniasis, one of the fatal forms of the disease, is caused by Leishmania donovani and presents morbid clinical manifestations. The parasite evades pro-inflammatory immune responses by several reported mechanisms and modulates the host immune system to cause fatal symptoms. A plethora of reports related to the role of BLIMP-1 and its involvement in suppressing the immune response in various infectious diseases have been documented. Higher parasitic burden due to increased BLIMP-1 production has been reported earlier for malaria and leishmaniasis with no detailed information. We report for the first time the role of BLIMP-1 in suppressing macrophage pyroptosis during L. donovani infection and thereby tweaking the tight regulation of the NFκβ-NLRP3 signaling pathway. Expression analyses of BLIMP-1 and NFκβ have been measured using real-time PCR and Western blotting. The importance of BLIMP-1 has been validated using a siRNA-mediated experiment along with caspase 1 activity, LDH release assay, and infectivity index analyses. An inverse relationship between BLIMP-1 and NFκβ expression has been highlighted during L. donovani infection, which is reversed in blimp-1 deficient cells infected with promastigotes. The above fact has been further validated with caspase 1 activity assay, and LDH release along with IFNγ and TNF-α release assay. Finally, resumption of pyroptosis has been concluded in infected blimp-1 deficient cells in contrast to wild type infected cells. We conjecture that parasites modulate the NFκβ-NLRP3 signaling pathway by taking advantage of BLIMP-1 dependent IL-10 production and finally disrupting an inflammation-mediated pyroptosis cell death pathway in infected cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gundappa Saha
- Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | | | - Kumari Prerna
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology BHU, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Vikash Kumar Dubey
- Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology BHU, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
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48
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Motavalli R, Etemadi J, Kahroba H, Mehdizadeh A, Yousefi M. Immune system-mediated cellular and molecular mechanisms in idiopathic membranous nephropathy pathogenesis and possible therapeutic targets. Life Sci 2019; 238:116923. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-10 is an essential anti-inflammatory cytokine and functions as a negative regulator of immune responses to microbial antigens. IL-10 is particularly important in maintaining the intestinal microbe-immune homeostasis. Loss of IL-10 promotes the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) as a consequence of an excessive immune response to the gut microbiota. IL-10 also functions more generally to prevent excessive inflammation during the course of infection. Although IL-10 can be produced by virtually all cells of the innate and adaptive immune system, T cells constitute a non-redundant source for IL-10 in many cases. The various roles of T cell-derived IL-10 will be discussed in this review. Given that IL-10 is at the center of maintaining the delicate balance between effective immunity and tissue protection, it is not surprising that IL-10 expression is highly dynamic and tightly regulated. We summarize the environmental signals and molecular pathways that regulate IL-10 expression. While numerous studies have provided us with a deep understanding of IL-10 biology, the majority of findings have been made in murine models, prompting us to highlight gaps in our knowledge about T cell-derived IL-10 in the human system.
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Tang X, Guo M, Du Y, Xing J, Sheng X, Zhan W. Interleukin-2 (IL-2) in flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus): Molecular cloning, characterization and bioactivity analysis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 93:55-65. [PMID: 31319204 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is mainly produced by CD4+ T helper lymphocytes, which is an important immunomodulatory cytokine that primarily promotes activation, proliferation and differentiation of T cells. In the present study, flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) interleukin 2 homologue (poIL-2) was identified for the first time, and its expression patterns were characterized in healthy, virus- or bacteria-infected flounder. The full-length cDNA sequences of poIL-2 was 989 bp with an open reading frame of 423 bp coding a polypeptide of 140 amino acids (aa). The deduced aa sequences shared low similarities (<53%) with other known fish IL-2s. Multiple alignment of aa sequences revealed that poIL-2 own the classical IL-2 family signature of "C-X(3)-EL-X(2)-(T/V)-(V/M/L)-(K/T/R)-X-EC" and "DS-X-(F/L)Y(A/T/S)P". In healthy flounder, IL-2 mRNA was highly expressed in PBLs, spleen and hindgut, and moderately expressed in gill, trunk kidney and stomach. PHA, LPS and Con-A could effectively induce poIL-2 expression in primary cultured peripheral blood leukocytes in vitro. poIL-2 transcripts were significantly up-regulated in spleen, kidney, gill and hindgut post infections with Edwardsiella tarda and Hirame novirhabdovirus (HIRRV). The eukaryotic expression vector encoding poIL-2 (pcIL-2) was constructed and intramuscularly injected, which could be successfully expressed in flounders and induced significantly higher expressions of six immune related genes including poIL-2, β-defensin, CD4-1, CD8α, IFN-γ and TNF-α compared with the injection with control plasmid. Moreover, pretreatment with pcIL-2 could markedly increase the survival rate of flounder challenged with HIRRV. Our results demonstrated that poIL-2 plays an important role in the induction of immune responses and immune defense against bacterial and virus infection, which indicated its potential use as an immunopotentiator to prevent diseases in flounder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Tang
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Ming Guo
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yang Du
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Jing Xing
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xiuzhen Sheng
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Wenbin Zhan
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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