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Yang K, Zhu T, Yin J, Zhang Q, Li J, Fan H, Han G, Xu W, Liu N, Lv X. The non-canonical poly(A) polymerase FAM46C promotes erythropoiesis. J Genet Genomics 2024:S1673-8527(24)00032-8. [PMID: 38403115 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2024.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
The post-transcriptional regulation of mRNA is a crucial component of gene expression. The disruption of this process can have detrimental effects on normal development and give rise to various diseases. The search for novel post-transcriptional regulators and the exploration of their roles are essential for understanding development and disease. Through a multimodal analysis of red blood cell trait genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and transcriptomes of erythropoiesis, we identified FAM46C, a non-canonical RNA poly(A) polymerase, as a necessary factor for proper red blood cell development. FAM46C is highly expressed in the late stages of the erythroid lineage, and its developmental upregulation is controlled by an erythroid-specific enhancer. We demonstrate that FAM46C stabilizes mRNA and regulates erythroid differentiation in a polymerase activity-dependent manner. Furthermore, we identified transcripts of lysosome and mitochondria components as highly confident in vivo targets of FAM46C, which aligns with the need of maturing red blood cells for substantial clearance of organelles and maintenance of cellular redox homeostasis. In conclusion, our study unveils a novel role of FAM46C in positively regulating lysosome and mitochondria components, thereby promoting erythropoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Yang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China; Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China; The State Key Laboratory for Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.
| | - Tianqi Zhu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China; Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Jiaying Yin
- The State Key Laboratory for Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Qiaoli Zhang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China; Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Jing Li
- The State Key Laboratory for Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Hong Fan
- The State Key Laboratory for Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Gaijing Han
- The State Key Laboratory for Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Weiyin Xu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China; Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Nan Liu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China; Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China.
| | - Xiang Lv
- The State Key Laboratory for Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China; Medical Epigenetics Research Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.
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2
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Mancino M, Lai G, De Grossi F, Cuomo A, Manganaro L, Butta GM, Ferrari I, Vicenzi E, Poli G, Pesce E, Oliveto S, Biffo S, Manfrini N. FAM46C Is an Interferon-Stimulated Gene That Inhibits Lentiviral Particle Production by Modulating Autophagy. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0521122. [PMID: 37358411 PMCID: PMC10434054 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.05211-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023] Open
Abstract
FAM46C is a multiple myeloma (MM) tumor suppressor whose function is only starting to be elucidated. We recently showed that in MM cells FAM46C triggers apoptosis by inhibiting autophagy and altering intracellular trafficking and protein secretion. To date, both a physiological characterization of FAM46C role and an assessment of FAM46C-induced phenotypes outside of MM are lacking. Preliminary reports suggested an involvement of FAM46C with regulation of viral replication, but this was never confirmed. Here, we show that FAM46C is an interferon-stimulated gene and that the expression of wild-type FAM46C in HEK-293T cells, but not of its most frequently found mutant variants, inhibits the production of both HIV-1-derived and HIV-1 lentiviruses. We demonstrate that this effect does not require transcriptional regulation and does not depend on inhibition of either global or virus-specific translation but rather mostly relies on FAM46C-induced deregulation of autophagy, a pathway that we show to be required for efficient lentiviral particle production. These studies not only provide new insights on the physiological role of the FAM46C protein but also could help in implementing more efficient antiviral strategies on one side and lentiviral particle production approaches on the other. IMPORTANCE FAM46C role has been thoroughly investigated in MM, but studies characterizing its role outside of the tumoral environment are still lacking. Despite the success of antiretroviral therapy in suppressing HIV load to undetectable levels, there is currently no HIV cure, and treatment is lifelong. Indeed, HIV continues to be a major global public health issue. Here, we show that FAM46C expression in HEK-293T cells inhibits the production of both HIV and HIV-derived lentiviruses. We also demonstrate that such inhibitory effect relies, at least in part, on the well-established regulatory role that FAM46C exerts on autophagy. Deciphering the molecular mechanism underlying this regulation will not only facilitate the understanding of FAM46C physiological role but also give new insights on the interplay between HIV and the cellular environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilena Mancino
- INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Lai
- INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Cuomo
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Lara Manganaro
- INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo M. Butta
- INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Ivan Ferrari
- INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Vicenzi
- Viral Pathogenesis and Biosafety Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Guido Poli
- Viral Pathogenesis and Biosafety Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University School of Medicine, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Pesce
- INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Oliveto
- INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Biffo
- INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Manfrini
- INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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3
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Ma Y, Xing X, Cheng C, Kong R, Sun L, Zhao F, Zhang D, Li J. Hsa-miR-1269a up-regulation fosters the malignant progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via targeting FAM46C. Mutat Res 2023; 827:111832. [PMID: 37467675 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2023.111832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a malignancy of the alimentary tract resulting in death worldwide. The role and underlying mechanism of hsa-miR-1269a in the progression of ESCC remain unclear. In this study, hsa-miR-1269a was screened by differential expression analysis in TCGA, and its target gene FAM46C was predicted. qRT-PCR was conducted to assay the expression of hsa-miR-1269a and FAM46C in ESCC cells. The results showed that hsa-miR-1269a was upregulated in ESCC tissues and cell lines. Hsa-miR-1269a overexpression stimulated the proliferation, migration, and invasion capacities of ESCC cells, and FAM46C overexpression inhibited these phenotypes. Dual-luciferase assay verified that hsa-miR-1269a could target FAM46C. Next, qRT-PCR and western blot demonstrated that hsa-miR-1269a overexpression downregulated FAM46C. Rescue experiments revealed that hsa-miR-1269a accelerated the malignant progression of ESCC through FAM46C down-regulation. These results indicate that the interaction between hsa-miR-1269a and FAM46C plays a regulatory role in driving the malignant progression of ESCC cells, thereby providing a novel molecular mechanism for understanding ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuefeng Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi' an Jiaotong University, Xi' an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xin Xing
- Department of Health Care for Cadres, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi' an Jiaotong University, Xi' an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Chuantao Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi' an Jiaotong University, Xi' an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Ranran Kong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi' an Jiaotong University, Xi' an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Liangzhang Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi' an Jiaotong University, Xi' an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi' an Jiaotong University, Xi' an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Danjie Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi' an Jiaotong University, Xi' an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jianzhong Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi' an Jiaotong University, Xi' an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China.
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Zhang W, Wu C, Geng S, Wang J, Yan C, Zhang X, Zhang JJ, Wu F, Pang Y, Zhong Y, Wang J, Fu W, Huang X, Wang W, Lyu X, Huang Y, Jing H. FAM46C-mediated tumor heterogeneity predicts extramedullary metastasis and poorer survival in multiple myeloma. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:3644-3677. [PMID: 37155154 PMCID: PMC10449297 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Cancers originate from a single cell according to Nowell's theory of clonal evolution. The enrichment of the most aggressive clones has been developed and the heterogeneity arises for genomic instability and environmental selection. Multiple myeloma (MM) is a multiple relapse plasma cell cancer generated from bone marrow. Although there were accumulating researches in multiple myeloma pathogenesis, the heterogeneity remains poorly understood. The participants enrolled in this study were 4 EMP+ (EMP, Extramedullary plasmacytoma) and 2 EMP- primarily untreated MM patients. Single cell RNA sequencing and analysis were conducted for the single cell suspension, which was sorted by flow cytometry from peripheral blood mononuclear cells or bone marrow cells. In our research, the results of single cell RNA sequencing show that FAM46C determines MM tumor heterogeneity predicting extramedullary metastasis by influencing RNA stability. Further, we integrated and analyzed 2280 multiple myeloma samples from 7 independent datasets, which uncover that FAM46C mediated tumor heterogeneity predicts poorer survival in multiple myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilong Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC) and Lymphoma Research Center, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chaoling Wu
- Department of Hematology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC) and Lymphoma Research Center, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shuang Geng
- Department of Hematology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC) and Lymphoma Research Center, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics (ICG), School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Hematology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC) and Lymphoma Research Center, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Changjian Yan
- Department of Hematology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC) and Lymphoma Research Center, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiannian Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC) and Lymphoma Research Center, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics (ICG), School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jia-jia Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital West, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100054, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Department of Hematology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC) and Lymphoma Research Center, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics (ICG), School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuhong Pang
- Department of Hematology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC) and Lymphoma Research Center, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics (ICG), School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuping Zhong
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital West, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100054, China
| | - Jianbin Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Wei Fu
- Department of Hematology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC) and Lymphoma Research Center, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Hematology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC) and Lymphoma Research Center, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wenming Wang
- Department of Hematology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC) and Lymphoma Research Center, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaoqing Lyu
- Department of Hematology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC) and Lymphoma Research Center, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics (ICG), School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yanyi Huang
- Department of Hematology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC) and Lymphoma Research Center, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics (ICG), School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hongmei Jing
- Department of Hematology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC) and Lymphoma Research Center, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China
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Perini T, Materozzi M, Milan E. The Immunity-malignancy equilibrium in multiple myeloma: lessons from oncogenic events in plasma cells. FEBS J 2021; 289:4383-4397. [PMID: 34117720 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignancy of plasma cells (PC) that grow within the bone marrow and maintain massive immunoglobulin (Ig) production. Disease evolution is driven by genetic lesions, whose effects on cell biology and fitness underlie addictions and vulnerabilities of myeloma cells. Several genes mutated in myeloma are strictly involved in dictating PC identity and antibody factory function. Here, we evaluate the impact of mutations in IRF4, PRDM1, and XBP1, essential transcription factors driving the B to PC differentiation, on MM cell biology and homeostasis. These factors are highly specialized, with limited overlap in their downstream transcriptional programs. Indeed, IRF4 sustains metabolism, survival, and proliferation, while PRDM1 and XBP1 are mainly responsible for endoplasmic reticulum expansion and sustained Ig secretion. Interestingly, IRF4 undergoes activating mutations and translocations, while PRDM1 and XBP1 are hit by loss-of-function events, raising the hypothesis that containment of the secretory program, but not its complete extinction, may be beneficial to malignant PCs. Finally, recent studies unveiled that also the PRDM1 target, FAM46C/TENT5C, an onco-suppressor uniquely and frequently mutated or deleted in myeloma, is directly and potently involved in orchestrating ER homeostasis and secretory activity. Inactivating mutations found in this gene and its interactors strengthen the notion that reduced secretory capacity confers advantage to myeloma cells. We believe that dissection of the evolutionary pressure on genes driving PC-specific functions in myeloma will disclose the cellular strategies by which myeloma cells maintain an equilibrium between antibody production and survival, thus unveiling novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Perini
- Age related Diseases Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy.,University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy.,Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Materozzi
- Age related Diseases Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy.,Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Italy
| | - Enrico Milan
- Age related Diseases Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy.,University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
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Zhang H, Zhang SH, Hu JL, Wu YT, Ma XY, Chen Y, Yu B, Liao S, Huang H, Gao S. Structural and functional characterization of multiple myeloma associated cytoplasmic poly(A) polymerase FAM46C. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2021; 41:615-630. [PMID: 34048638 PMCID: PMC8286142 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematologic malignancy characterized by the accumulation of aberrant plasma cells within the bone marrow. The high frequent mutation of family with sequence similarity 46, member C (FAM46C) is closely related with the occurrence and progression of MM. Recently, FAM46C has been identified as a non‐canonical poly(A) polymerase (PAP) that functions as a tumor suppressor in MM. This study aimed to elucidate the structural features of this novel non‐canonical PAP and how MM‐related mutations affect the structural and biochemical properties of FAM46C, eventually advancing our understandings towards FAM46C mutation‐related MM occurrence. Methods We purified and crystallized a mammalian FAM46C construct, and solved its structure. Next, we characterized the property of FAM46C as a PAP through a combination of structural analysis, site‐directed mutagenesis and biochemical assays, and by comparison with its homolog FAM46B. Finally, we structurally analyzed MM‐related FAM46C mutations and tested the enzymatic activity of corresponding mutants. Results We determined the crystal structure of a mammalian FAM46C protein at 2.35 Å, and confirmed that FAM46C preferentially consumed adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and extended A‐rich RNA substrates. FAM46C showed a weaker PAP activity than its homolog FAM46B, and this difference was largely dependent on the residue variance at particular sites. Of them, residues at positions 77, 290, and 298 of mouse FAM46C were most important for the divergence in enzymatic activity. Among the MM‐associated FAM46C mutants, those residing at the catalytic site (D90G and D90H) or putative RNA‐binding site (I155L, S156F, D182Y, F184L, Y247V, and M270V) showed abolished or compromised PAP activity of FAM46C, while N72A and S248A did not severely affect the PAP activity. FAM46C mutants D90G, D90H, I155L, S156F, F184L, Y247V, and M270V had significantly lower inhibitory effect on apoptosis of RPMI‐8226 cells as compared to wild‐type FAM46C. Conclusions FAM46C is a prokaryotic‐like PAP with preference for A‐rich RNA substrates, and showed distinct enzymatic efficiency with its homolog FAM46B. The MM‐related missense mutations of FAM46C lead to various structural and biochemical outcomes to the protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Li Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China.,Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Tong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Yan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Yang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Bing Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Huilin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Song Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510530, P. R. China
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Fucci C, Resnati M, Riva E, Perini T, Ruggieri E, Orfanelli U, Paradiso F, Cremasco F, Raimondi A, Pasqualetto E, Nuvolone M, Rampoldi L, Cenci S, Milan E. The Interaction of the Tumor Suppressor FAM46C with p62 and FNDC3 Proteins Integrates Protein and Secretory Homeostasis. Cell Rep 2020; 32:108162. [PMID: 32966780 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
FAM46C is a non-canonical poly(A) polymerase uniquely mutated in up to 20% of multiple myeloma (MM) patients, implying a tissue-specific tumor suppressor function. Here, we report that FAM46C selectively stabilizes mRNAs encoding endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-targeted proteins, thereby concertedly enhancing the expression of proteins that control ER protein import, folding, N-glycosylation, and trafficking and boosting protein secretion. This role requires the interaction with the ER membrane resident proteins FNDC3A and FNDC3B. In MM cells, FAM46C expression raises secretory capacity beyond sustainability, inducing ROS accumulation, ATP shortage, and cell death. FAM46C activity is regulated through rapid proteasomal degradation or the inhibitory interaction with the ZZ domain of the autophagic receptor p62 that hinders its association with FNDC3 proteins via sequestration in p62+ aggregates. Altogether, our data disclose a p62/FAM46C/FNDC3 circuit coordinating sustainable secretory activity and survival, providing an explanation for the MM-specific oncosuppressive role of FAM46C and uncovering potential therapeutic opportunities against cancer.
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Chen H, Lu D, Shang G, Gao G, Zhang X. Structural and Functional Analyses of the FAM46C/Plk4 Complex. Structure 2020; 28:910-921.e4. [PMID: 32433990 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2020.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
FAM46C, a non-canonical poly(A) polymerase, is frequently mutated in multiple myeloma. Loss of function of FAM46C promotes cell survival of multiple myeloma, suggesting a tumor-suppressive role. FAM46C is also essential for fastening sperm head and flagellum, indispensable for male fertility. The molecular mechanisms of these functions of FAM46C remain elusive. We report the crystal structure of FAM46C to provide the basis for its poly(A) polymerase activity and rationalize mutations associated with multiple myeloma. In addition, we found that FAM46C interacts directly with the serine/threonine kinase Plk4, the master regulator of centrosome duplication. We present the structure of FAM46C in complex with the Cryptic Polo-Box 1-2 domains of Plk4. Our structure-based mutational analyses show that the interaction with Plk4 recruits FAM46C to centrosomes. Our data suggest that Plk4-mediated localization of FAM46C enables its regulation of centrosome structure and functions, which may underlie the roles for FAM46C in cell proliferation and sperm development.
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Ma L, He H, Jiang K, Jiang P, He H, Feng S, Chen K, Shao J, Deng G. FAM46C inhibits cell proliferation and cell cycle progression and promotes apoptosis through PTEN/AKT signaling pathway and is associated with chemosensitivity in prostate cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:6352-6369. [PMID: 32283544 PMCID: PMC7185131 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
Family with sequence similarity 46 member C (FAM46C) is a non-canonical poly(A) polymerase that is associated with tumorigenesis. However, its role in prostate cancer development is not fully understood. Herein, we determined expression pattern of FAM46C in prostate cancer and further identified its effect on the tumorigenesis and chemosensitivity. FAM46C expression was decreased in prostate cancer tissues and cell lines compared with corresponding controls. FAM46C expression was significantly associated with the Gleason score, tumor size and overall survival. FAM46C knockdown in 22RV1 and DU145 cells significantly inhibited apoptosis and promoted cell proliferation and cell cycle progression as well as activation of AKT. FAM46C overexpression had an inverse effect in DU145 cells and inhibited tumor growth in vivo. FAM46C inhibited cell proliferation and cell cycle progression and induced apoptosis via the PTEN/AKT signaling pathway. FAM46C promoted PTEN expression through inhibiting PTEN ubiquitination. The prostate cancer cells and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mice with high-FAM46C-expressing demonstrated an enhanced chemosensitivity to docetaxel. These findings suggest that FAM46C control cell proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis through PTEN/AKT signaling pathway and is associated with chemosensitivity of prostate cancer. Modulation of their levels may offer a new approach for improving anti-tumor efficacy for chemotherapeutic agents in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libin Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huadong He
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kang Jiang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Peiwu Jiang
- Surgical Department I, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310007, Zhejiang, China
| | - Han He
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shengjia Feng
- Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kean Chen
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jia Shao
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gang Deng
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang, China
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10
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Kanasugi J, Hanamura I, Ota A, Karnan S, Lam VQ, Mizuno S, Wahiduzzaman M, Rahman ML, Hyodo T, Konishi H, Tsuzuki S, Hosokawa Y, Takami A. Biallelic loss of FAM46C triggers tumor growth with concomitant activation of Akt signaling in multiple myeloma cells. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:1663-1675. [PMID: 32176823 PMCID: PMC7226186 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of heterozygosity or mutation of the family with sequence similarity 46, member C (FAM46C) gene on chromosome band 1p12 is associated with shorter overall survival of patients with multiple myeloma (MM). In this study, using human MM cell lines (KMS‐11, OCI‐My5, and ANBL‐6), we generated FAM46C−/− cell clones and examined the effect of disruption of FAM46C on cell survival and cellular signaling. Cell proliferation assays showed increased clonogenicity of FAM46C−/− KMS‐11 cells compared to WT cells. Xenograft experiments showed significantly shorter overall survival of mice harboring the FAM46C−/− cell‐derived tumors than mice with the FAM46CWT cell‐derived tumors. Notably, levels of phosphorylated Akt and its substrates increased both in vitro and in vivo in the FAM46C−/− cells compared to WT cells. In addition, caspase activities decreased in the FAM46C−/− cells. Results of gene set enrichment analysis showed that loss of FAM46C significantly activated serum‐responsive genes while inactivating phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)‐related genes. Mechanistically, loss of FAM46C decreased the PTEN activity, number of apoptotic cells, and caspase activities. PF‐04691502, a selective PI3K inhibitor, suppressed the augmented phosphorylation of Akt and its substrate FoxO3a. Treatment with afuresertib (a specific Akt inhibitor) in combination with bortezomib additively decreased FAM46C−/− MM cell survival. Collectively, this study is the first to report that loss of FAM46C triggers the concomitant activation of the PI3K‐Akt signaling pathway, which might be a therapeutic target for MM with abnormalities in the FAM46C gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo Kanasugi
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Ichiro Hanamura
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Akinobu Ota
- Department of Biochemistry, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | | | - Vu Quang Lam
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Shohei Mizuno
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Md Wahiduzzaman
- Department of Biochemistry, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Md Lutfur Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Toshinori Hyodo
- Department of Biochemistry, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Konishi
- Department of Biochemistry, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Shinobu Tsuzuki
- Department of Biochemistry, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | | | - Akiyoshi Takami
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
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11
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Herrero AB, Quwaider D, Corchete LA, Mateos MV, García-Sanz R, Gutiérrez NC. FAM46C controls antibody production by the polyadenylation of immunoglobulin mRNAs and inhibits cell migration in multiple myeloma. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:4171-4182. [PMID: 32141701 PMCID: PMC7171423 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
FAM46C, frequently mutated in multiple myeloma (MM), has recently been shown to encode a non‐canonical poly(A) polymerase (ncPAP). However, its target mRNAs and its role in MM pathogenesis remain mostly unknown. Using CRISPR‐Cas9 technology and gene expression analysis, we found that the inactivation of FAM46C in MM down‐regulates immunoglobulins (Igs) and several mRNAs encoding ER‐resident proteins, including some involved in unfolded protein response and others that affect glycosylation. Interestingly, we show that FAM46C expression is induced during plasma cell (PC) differentiation and that Ig mRNAs encoding heavy and light chains are substrates of the ncPAP, as revealed by poly(A) tail‐length determination assays. The absence of the ncPAP results in Ig mRNA poly(A) tail‐shortening, leading to a reduction in mRNA and protein abundance. On the other hand, loss of FAM46C up‐regulates metastasis‐associated lncRNA MALAT1 and results in a sharp increase in the migration ability. This phenotype depends mainly on the activation of PI3K/Rac1 signalling, which might have significant therapeutic implications. In conclusion, our results identify Ig mRNAs as targets of FAM46C, reveal an important function of this protein during PC maturation to increase antibody production and suggest that its role as a tumour suppressor might be related to the inhibition of myeloma cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Belén Herrero
- Haematology Department, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Cancer Research Center-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Dalia Quwaider
- Haematology Department, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Cancer Research Center-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Luis Antonio Corchete
- Haematology Department, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Cancer Research Center-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Maria Victoria Mateos
- Haematology Department, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Cancer Research Center-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Ramón García-Sanz
- Haematology Department, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Cancer Research Center-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research in Network of Cancer (CIBERONC), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Norma C Gutiérrez
- Haematology Department, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Cancer Research Center-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research in Network of Cancer (CIBERONC), Salamanca, Spain
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12
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Gao XZ, Xi XF, Zhang SP. Down-regulation of miR-10b represses cell vitality in osteosarcoma and is inversely associated with prognosis via interacting with FAM46C: Running title: MiR-10b/FAM46C axis modulates OS progression. Tissue Cell 2020; 63:101331. [PMID: 32223957 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2020.101331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this exploration was to detect the biological effects of miR-10b/FAM46C pair on osteosarcoma (OS) development. By accessing to the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, we achieved expressional profiles of miR-10b and FAM46C. Kaplan-Meier method was applied to determine the overall survival rates of OS patients. MiR-10b mimic/inhibitor were utilized to alter miR-10b expression. Overexpression of FAM46C was induced by pcDNA3.1-FAM46C. QRT-PCR and western blot were conducted to assess the expression levels. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and transwell assays were employed to evaluate the proliferative, invasive and migratory properties of OS cells. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to confirm the association between miR-10b and FAM46C. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was conducted to determine the target of miR-10b. The overall survival of OS patients was inversely correlated with miR-10b expression. MiR-10b was increased in OS compared with normal controls. Depletion of miR-10b attenuated the proliferation, invasion and migration of MG-63 cells. FAM46C was considered as a target gene of miR-10b and inversely related with miR-10b. Overexpression of FAM46C could inhibit cell growth, invasion and migration in OS; furthermore, it also can enforced the miR-10b inhibitor-induced effects on cell behaviors of OS cells. Down-regulation of miR-10b played a suppressive effect on the cell activity in OS cells, which provides a novel insight into the advance of OS therapeutic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Zhu Gao
- Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Department of Hand Surgery, Tengzhou, 277500 Zaozhuang, Shandong province, China
| | - Xiu-Feng Xi
- Western Pharmacy, Wangkai Hospital, Tengzhou, 277500 Zaozhuang, Shandong province, China
| | - Shi-Ping Zhang
- Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Department of Child Healthcare, Tengzhou, 277500 Zaozhuang, Shandong province, China.
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13
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Tan J, Sun T, Shen J, Zhu H, Gong Y, Zhu H, Wu G. FAM46C inhibits lipopolysaccharides-induced myocardial dysfunction via downregulating cellular adhesion molecules and inhibiting apoptosis. Life Sci 2019; 229:1-12. [PMID: 30910647 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Sepsis is a syndrome of inflammatory response induced by infection. Cellular adhesion molecules may involve in sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction (SIMD) which is a major predictor of morbidity and mortality of sepsis. Here we studied the role of FAM46C in AC16 cells and c57 mice with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) treatment. MAIN METHODS Real-time PCR and western blot were used to detect the expression level of relative genes and protein. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were evaluated. KEY FINDINGS Interestingly, negative correlation between Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and FAM46C in sepsis was observed. The overexpression of FAM46C reduced the apoptosis induced by LPS in AC16 cells. Inhibition of apoptosis contributed by FAM46C was mediated by adhesion molecule via blocking p38 and ERK/MAPK signaling pathway. Moreover, overexpression of Fam46c and inhibition of TLR4 by TAK-242 could attenuate apoptosis induced by LPS in vivo. SIGNIFICANCE FAM46C played an important role in SIMD via inhibiting LPS-induced myocardial dysfunction by downregulating cellular adhesion molecules and inhibiting apoptosis. It was the first time to explore the role of FAM46C in SIMD in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Tan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 12 Middle Urumqi Road, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 12 Middle Urumqi Road, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Jun Shen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 12 Middle Urumqi Road, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Huigeng Zhu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 12 Middle Urumqi Road, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Ye Gong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 12 Middle Urumqi Road, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Hechen Zhu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 12 Middle Urumqi Road, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 12 Middle Urumqi Road, Shanghai, PR China.
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14
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Abstract
Purpose FAM46C is known as a tumor suppressor in multiple myeloma. However, there are few studies about the expression and function of FAM46C in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), which is one of the most common oral cancers in the world. Methods mRNA and protein expression level were determined by real time PCR and Western blot, respectively. Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and flow cytometry analysis were used to analyze cell proliferation and apoptosis, respectively. Activity of caspase 3 and caspase 9 was determined using biochemical assays. Results Our results showed that the OSCC cells overexpressing FAM46C had a relatively slower cell proliferation rate and higher cell apoptosis rate compared with control groups. The results from Western blot showed that the expression levels of cleaved caspase 9 and cleaved caspase 3, which are the active forms of caspase 3 and caspase 9 in FAM46C overexpressed OSCC cells, were higher than in the control cells, while the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 together with its upstream regulators Ras and phosphorylation of MEK1/2 were relatively lower. Additionally, the results also showed that ERK1/2 agonist (EGF) or a caspase 3 inhibitor (Z-DEVD-FMK) inhibited activity of caspase 3 and caspase 9 and cell apoptosis rate. Furthermore, by analyzing FAM46C silencing OSCC cells, we found an increased proliferation rate and a reduced apoptosis rate compared with control cells. And those phenomena could be blocked by U0126, which is an ERK1/2 inhibitor. Conclusion Overall, our data suggest that FAM46C probably acts as a tumor suppressor gene in OSCC cells and the working mechanism of FAM46C may be involved in the caspases and ERK1/2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Zhuang
- Department of Stomatology, Gongli Hospital, The Second Military University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengmeng Lu
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Shanghai, China,
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15
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Wan XY, Zhai XF, Jiang YP, Han T, Zhang QY, Xin HL. Antimetastatic effects of norcantharidin on hepatocellular carcinoma cells by up-regulating FAM46C expression. Am J Transl Res 2017; 9:155-166. [PMID: 28123642 PMCID: PMC5250712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Norcantharidin (NCTD), a demethylated analog of cantharidin, possesses antimetastatic effects on HCC cells. The aim of this study was to identify target proteins of NCTD. In this study, we confirmed the antimetastatic effects of NCTD on SMMC-7721 and MHCC-97H cells. Through RNA sequencing, we found a non-canonical poly (A) polymerase, Family-with-sequence-similarity-46C (FAM46C) was up-regulated in response to NCTD exposure. Gene set enrichment analysis on The Cancer Genome Atlas liver HCC (LIHC) dataset revealed that metastasis down pathway was strongly associated with FAM46C expression. Overexpression of FAM46C in HCC cells suppressed cell migration and invasion via suppressing transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/Smad signaling and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. Additionally, the antimetastatic effects of NCTD on HCC cells were partially rescued by FAM46C knockdown. Collectively, our results suggested that FAM46C, up-regulated by NCTD treatment, played a critical role in promoting the migration and invasion of HCC cells via TGF-β/Smad signaling. We identified a new therapeutic target of NCTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Ying Wan
- The integrated TCM & Western Medicine Department, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Feng Zhai
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Ping Jiang
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Ting Han
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Qiao-Yan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Liang Xin
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200433, P. R. China
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