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Deng B, Muldoon A, Cormier J, Mercaldo ND, Niehoff E, Moffett N, Saksena MA, Isakoff SJ, Carp SA. Functional hemodynamic imaging markers for the prediction of pathological outcomes in breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2024; 29:066001. [PMID: 38737790 PMCID: PMC11088438 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.29.6.066001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Significance Achieving pathologic complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) is a significant predictor of increased likelihood of survival in breast cancer patients. Early prediction of pCR is of high clinical value as it could allow personalized adjustment of treatment regimens in non-responding patients for improved outcomes. Aim We aim to assess the association between hemoglobin-based functional imaging biomarkers derived from diffuse optical tomography (DOT) and the pathological outcome represented by pCR at different timepoints along the course of NACT. Approach Twenty-two breast cancer patients undergoing NACT were enrolled in a multimodal DOT and X-ray digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) imaging study in which their breasts were imaged at different compression levels. Logistic regressions were used to study the associations between DOT-derived imaging markers evaluated after the first and second cycles of chemotherapy, respectively, with pCR status determined after the conclusion of NACT at the time of surgery. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was also used to explore the predictive performance of selected DOT-derived markers. Results Normalized tumor HbT under half compression was significantly lower in the pCR group compared to the non-pCR group after two chemotherapy cycles (p = 0.042 ). In addition, the change in normalized tumor StO 2 upon reducing compression from full to half mammographic force was identified as another potential indicator of pCR at an earlier time point, i.e., after the first chemo cycle (p = 0.038 ). Exploratory predictive assessments showed that AUCs using DOT-derived functional imaging markers as predictors reach as high as 0.75 and 0.71, respectively, after the first and second chemo cycle, compared to AUCs of 0.50 and 0.53 using changes in tumor size measured on DBT and MRI. Conclusions These findings suggest that breast DOT could be used to assist response assessment in women undergoing NACT, a critical but unmet clinical need, and potentially enable personalized adjustments of treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Deng
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Ailis Muldoon
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Jayne Cormier
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Breast Imaging Division, Department of Radiology, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Nathaniel D. Mercaldo
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Institute for Technology Assessment, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Elizabeth Niehoff
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Natalie Moffett
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Mansi A. Saksena
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Breast Imaging Division, Department of Radiology, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Steven J. Isakoff
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Stefan A. Carp
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
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Pavlov MV, Bavrina AP, Plekhanov VI, Golubyatnikov GY, Orlova AG, Subochev PV, Davydova DA, Turchin IV, Maslennikova AV. Changes in the tumor oxygenation but not in the tumor volume and tumor vascularization reflect early response of breast cancer to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Breast Cancer Res 2023; 25:12. [PMID: 36717842 PMCID: PMC9887770 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-023-01607-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) allows for assessing tumor sensitivity to systemic treatment, planning adjuvant treatment and follow-up. However, a sufficiently large number of patients fail to achieve the desired level of pathological tumor response while optimal early response assessment methods have not been established now. In our study, we simultaneously assessed the early chemotherapy-induced changes in the tumor volume by ultrasound (US), the tumor oxygenation by diffuse optical spectroscopy imaging (DOSI), and the state of the tumor vascular bed by Doppler US to elaborate the predictive criteria of breast tumor response to treatment. METHODS A total of 133 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of invasive breast cancer stage II to III admitted to NACT following definitive breast surgery were enrolled, of those 103 were included in the final analysis. Tumor oxygenation by DOSI, tumor volume by US, and tumor vascularization by Doppler US were determined before the first and second cycle of NACT. After NACT completion, patients underwent surgery followed by pathological examination and assessment of the pathological tumor response. On the basis of these, data regression predictive models were created. RESULTS We observed changes in all three parameters 3 weeks after the start of the treatment. However, a high predictive potential for early assessment of tumor sensitivity to NACT demonstrated only the level of oxygenation, ΔStO2, (ρ = 0.802, p ≤ 0.01). The regression model predicts the tumor response with a high probability of a correct conclusion (89.3%). The "Tumor volume" model and the "Vascularization index" model did not accurately predict the absence of a pathological tumor response to treatment (60.9% and 58.7%, respectively), while predicting a positive response to treatment was relatively better (78.9% and 75.4%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Diffuse optical spectroscopy imaging appeared to be a robust tool for early predicting breast cancer response to chemotherapy. It may help identify patients who need additional molecular genetic study of the tumor in order to find the source of resistance to treatment, as well as to correct the treatment regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail V. Pavlov
- Nizhny Novgorod Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary, Delovaya St., 11/1, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia 603126
| | - Anna P. Bavrina
- grid.416347.30000 0004 0386 1631Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Minina Square, 10/1, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia 603950
| | - Vladimir I. Plekhanov
- grid.410472.40000 0004 0638 0147Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Ul’yanov Street, 46, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia 603950
| | - German Yu. Golubyatnikov
- grid.410472.40000 0004 0638 0147Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Ul’yanov Street, 46, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia 603950
| | - Anna G. Orlova
- grid.410472.40000 0004 0638 0147Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Ul’yanov Street, 46, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia 603950
| | - Pavel V. Subochev
- grid.410472.40000 0004 0638 0147Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Ul’yanov Street, 46, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia 603950
| | - Diana A. Davydova
- Nizhny Novgorod Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary, Delovaya St., 11/1, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia 603126
| | - Ilya V. Turchin
- grid.410472.40000 0004 0638 0147Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Ul’yanov Street, 46, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia 603950
| | - Anna V. Maslennikova
- grid.416347.30000 0004 0386 1631Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Minina Square, 10/1, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia 603950 ,grid.28171.3d0000 0001 0344 908XNational Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Gagarin Ave., 23, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia 603022
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Lin Y, Li Z, Liu M, Ye H, He J, Chen J. CD34 and Bcl-2 as predictors for the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in cervical cancer. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2021; 304:495-501. [PMID: 33392721 PMCID: PMC8277608 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-020-05921-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Successful neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) could improve the surgical resection rate and radical curability of patients with cervical cancer, but only a subset of patients benefits. Therefore, identifying predictive biomarkers are urgently needed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive value of CD34 and Bcl-2 in the NACT effectiveness of cervical cancer. METHODS Sixty-seven patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (FIGO stages IB3, IIA2 or IIB) were classified into two groups based on effective (n = 48) and ineffective (n = 19) response to NACT. Immunohistochemistry was employed to identify CD34 and Bcl-2 expression before and after NACT. We analyzed the associations between the pre-NACT expression of these two biomarkers and the response of NACT. The expression of these two biomarkers before and after NACT was also assessed and compared. RESULTS More patients were CD34 positive expression before NACT in effective group compared to ineffective group (p = 0.005). However, no statistically significant difference in Bcl-2 expression before NACT were found between two groups (p = 0.084). In NACT effective group, the expression of both CD34 and Bcl-2 after NACT are down-regulated (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively), while there are no statistical differences between the pre- and post-NACT expression of CD34 and Bcl-2 in NACT ineffective group (p = 0.453 and p = 0.317, respectively). CONCLUSION The positive CD34 expression before NACT may serve as a predictive biomarker for NACT of cervical cancer, but the pre-NACT expression of Bcl-2 is not an independent predictor. The down-regulated expression of these two indicators after NACT may indicate effective NACT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Lin
- Department of Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mubiao Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Ye
- Department of Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianhui He
- Department of Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianguo Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
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Algarawi M, Erkol H, Luk A, Ha S, Ünlü MB, Gulsen G, Nouizi F. Resolving tissue chromophore concentration at MRI resolution using multi-wavelength photo-magnetic imaging. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 11:4244-4254. [PMID: 32923039 PMCID: PMC7449711 DOI: 10.1364/boe.397538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Photo-magnetic imaging (PMI) is an emerging optical imaging modality that showed great performance on providing absorption maps with high resolution and quantitative accuracy. As a multi-modality technology, PMI warms up the imaged object using a near infrared laser while temperature variation is measured using magnetic resonance imaging. By probing tissue at multiple wavelengths, concentration of the main tissue chromophores such as oxy- and deoxy-hemoglobin, lipid, and water are obtained then used to derive functional parameters such as total hemoglobin concentration and relative oxygen saturation. In this paper, we present a multi-wavelength PMI system that was custom-built to host five different laser wavelengths. After recovering the high-resolution absorption maps, a least-squared minimization process was used to resolve the different chromophore concentration. The performance of the system was experimentally tested on a phantom with two different dyes. Their concentrations were successfully assessed with high spatial resolution and average accuracy of nearly 80%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Algarawi
- Center for Functional Onco-Imaging, University of California Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Hakan Erkol
- Department of Physics, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alex Luk
- Center for Functional Onco-Imaging, University of California Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | | | - Mehmet B. Ünlü
- Department of Physics, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gultekin Gulsen
- Center for Functional Onco-Imaging, University of California Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Farouk Nouizi
- Center for Functional Onco-Imaging, University of California Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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5
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A review of optical breast imaging: Multi-modality systems for breast cancer diagnosis. Eur J Radiol 2020; 129:109067. [PMID: 32497943 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2020.109067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This review of optical breast imaging describes basic physical and system principles and summarizes technological evolution with a focus on multi-modality platforms and recent clinical trial results. Ultrasound-guided diffuse optical tomography and co-registered ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging systems are emphasized as models of state of the art optical technology that are most conducive to clinical translation.
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Karrobi K, Tank A, Tabassum S, Pera V, Roblyer D. Diffuse and nonlinear imaging of multiscale vascular parameters for in vivo monitoring of preclinical mammary tumors. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2019; 12:e201800379. [PMID: 30706695 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201800379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Diffuse optical imaging (DOI) techniques provide a wide-field or macro assessment of the functional tumor state and have shown substantial promise for monitoring treatment efficacy in cancer. Conversely, intravital microscopy provides a high-resolution view of the tumor state and has played a key role in characterizing treatment response in the preclinical setting. There has been little prior work in investigating how the macro and micro spatial scales can be combined to develop a more comprehensive and translational view of treatment response. To address this, a new multiscale preclinical imaging technique called diffuse and nonlinear imaging (DNI) was developed. DNI combines multiphoton microscopy with spatial frequency domain imaging (SFDI) to provide multiscale data sets of tumor microvascular architecture coregistered within wide-field hemodynamic maps. A novel method was developed to match the imaging depths of both modalities by utilizing informed SFDI spatial frequency selection. An in vivo DNI study of murine mammary tumors revealed multiscale relationships between tumor oxygen saturation and microvessel diameter, and tumor oxygen saturation and microvessel length (|Pearson's ρ| ≥ 0.5, P < 0.05). Going forward, DNI will be uniquely enabling for the investigation of multiscale relationships in tumors during treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavon Karrobi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Anup Tank
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Syeda Tabassum
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Vivian Pera
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Darren Roblyer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
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7
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Correlation of radiological and immunochemical parameters with clinical outcome in patients with recurrent glioblastoma treated with Bevacizumab. Clin Transl Oncol 2019; 21:1413-1423. [PMID: 30877636 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-019-02070-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some phase 2 trials had reported encouraging progression-free survival with Bevacizumab in monotherapy or combined with chemotherapy in glioblastoma. However, phase 3 trials showed a significant improvement in progression free survival without a benefit in overall survival. To date, there are no predictive biomarker of response for Bevacizumab in glioblastoma. METHODS We used Immunochemical analysis on tumor samples and pretreatment and post-treatment perfusion-MRI to try to identify possible predictive angiogenesis-related biomarkers of response and survival in patients with glioblastoma treated with bevacizumab in the first recurrence. We analyzed histological parameters: vascular proliferation, mitotic number and Ki-67 index; molecular factors: MGMT promoter methylation, EGFR amplification and EGFR variant III; immunohistochemical: MET, Midkine, HIF1, VEGFA, VEGF-R2, CD44, Olig2, microvascular area and microvascular density; and radiological: rCBV. RESULTS In the statistical analysis, no significant correlation of any histological, molecular, microvascular or radiological parameters could be demonstrated with the response rate, PFS or OS with bevacizumab treatment. CONCLUSION Unfortunately, in this histopathological, molecular, immunohistochemical and neuroradiological study we did not find any predictive biomarker of response or survival benefit for Bevacizumab in glioblastoma.
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8
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Hoi JW, Kim HK, Fong CJ, Zweck L, Hielscher AH. Non-contact dynamic diffuse optical tomography imaging system for evaluating lower extremity vasculature. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 9:5597-5614. [PMID: 30460149 PMCID: PMC6238914 DOI: 10.1364/boe.9.005597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A novel multi-view non-contact dynamic diffuse optical tomographic imaging system for the clinical evaluation of vasculature in the lower extremities is presented. The system design and implementation are described in detail, including methods for simultaneously obtaining and reconstructing diffusely reflected and transmitted light using a system of mirrors and a single CCD camera. The system and its performance using numeric simulations and optical phantoms. Measurements of a healthy foot in vivo demonstrates the potential of the system in assessing perfusion within the foot.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. W. Hoi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, 351 Engineering Terrace, 500 W. 120th St., New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - H. K. Kim
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University, 630 W. 168th St., New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - C. J. Fong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, 351 Engineering Terrace, 500 W. 120th St., New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - L. Zweck
- Faculty of Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Martensstraße 5a, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - A. H. Hielscher
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, 351 Engineering Terrace, 500 W. 120th St., New York, NY 10027, USA
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University, 630 W. 168th St., New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, 1300 S.W. Mudd, 500 W. 120th St., New York, NY 10027, USA
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Vavadi H, Mostafa A, Zhou F, Uddin KMS, Althobaiti M, Xu C, Bansal R, Ademuyiwa F, Poplack S, Zhu Q. Compact ultrasound-guided diffuse optical tomography system for breast cancer imaging. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2018; 24:1-9. [PMID: 30350491 PMCID: PMC6197842 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.24.2.021203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Near-infrared diffuse optical tomography (DOT) has demonstrated a great potential as an adjunct modality for differentiation of malignant and benign breast lesions and for monitoring treatment response in patients with locally advanced breast cancers. The path toward commercialization of DOT techniques depends upon the improvement of robustness and user-friendliness of this technique in hardware and software. In this study, we introduce our recently developed ultrasound-guided DOT system, which has been improved in system compactness, robustness, and user-friendliness by custom-designed electronics, automated data preprocessing, and implementation of a new two-step reconstruction algorithm. The system performance has been tested with several sets of solid and blood phantoms and the results show accuracy in reconstructed absorption coefficients as well as blood oxygen saturation. A clinical example of a breast cancer patient, who was undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy, is given to demonstrate the system performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Vavadi
- University of Connecticut, BME and ECE Departments, Connecticut, United States
| | - Atahar Mostafa
- Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Biomedical Engineering, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Feifei Zhou
- University of Connecticut, BME and ECE Departments, Connecticut, United States
| | - K. M. Shihab Uddin
- Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Biomedical Engineering, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Murad Althobaiti
- University of Connecticut, BME and ECE Departments, Connecticut, United States
| | - Chen Xu
- New York City College of Technology, Brooklyn, New York, United States
| | - Rajeev Bansal
- University of Connecticut, BME and ECE Departments, Connecticut, United States
| | - Foluso Ademuyiwa
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Steven Poplack
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Quing Zhu
- Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Biomedical Engineering, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
- Address all correspondence to: Quing Zhu, E-mail:
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Barbour RL, Graber HL, Barbour SLS. Hemoglobin state-flux: A finite-state model representation of the hemoglobin signal for evaluation of the resting state and the influence of disease. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198210. [PMID: 29883456 PMCID: PMC5993307 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
SUMMARY In this report we introduce a weak-model approach for examination of the intrinsic time-varying properties of the hemoglobin signal, with the aim of advancing the application of functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) for the detection of breast cancer, among other potential uses. The developed methodology integrates concepts from stochastic network theory with known modulatory features of the vascular bed, and in doing so provides access to a previously unrecognized dense feature space that is shown to have promising diagnostic potential. Notable features of the methodology include access to this information solely from measures acquired in the resting state, and analysis of these by treating the various components of the hemoglobin (Hb) signal as a co-varying interacting system. APPROACH The principal data-transform kernel projects Hb state-space trajectories onto a coordinate system that constitutes a finite-state representation of covariations among the principal elements of the Hb signal (i.e., its oxygenated (ΔoxyHb) and deoxygenated (ΔdeoxyHb) forms and the associated dependent quantities: total hemoglobin (ΔtotalHb = ΔoxyHb + ΔdeoxyHb), hemoglobin oxygen saturation (ΔHbO2Sat = 100Δ(oxyHb/totalHb)), and tissue-hemoglobin oxygen exchange (ΔHbO2Exc = ΔdeoxyHb-ΔoxyHb)). The resulting ten-state representation treats the evolution of this signal as a one-space, spatiotemporal network that undergoes transitions from one state to another. States of the network are defined by the algebraic signs of the amplitudes of the time-varying components of the Hb signal relative to their temporal mean values. This assignment produces several classes of coefficient arrays, most with a dimension of 10×10. BIOLOGICAL MOTIVATION Motivating our approach is the understanding that effector mechanisms that modulate blood delivery to tissue operate on macroscopic scales, in a spatially and temporally varying manner. Also recognized is that this behavior is sensitive to nonlinear actions of these effectors, which include the binding properties of hemoglobin. Accessible phenomenology includes measures of the kinetics and probabilities of network dynamics, which we treat as surrogates for the actions of feedback mechanisms that modulate tissue-vascular coupling. FINDINGS Qualitative and quantitative features of this space, and their potential to serve as markers of disease, have been explored by examining continuous-wave fNIRS 3D tomographic time series obtained from the breasts of women who do and do not have breast cancer. Inspection of the coefficient arrays reveals that they are governed predominantly by first-order rate processes, and that each array class exhibits preferred structure that is mainly independent of the others. Discussed are strategies that may serve to extend evaluation of the accessible feature space and how the character of this information holds potential for development of novel clinical and preclinical uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randall L. Barbour
- Department of Pathology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, United States of America
- Photon Migration Technologies Corp., Brooklyn, NY, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Harry L. Graber
- Photon Migration Technologies Corp., Brooklyn, NY, United States of America
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11
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Deng B, Lundqvist M, Fang Q, Carp SA. Impact of errors in experimental parameters on reconstructed breast images using diffuse optical tomography. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 9:1130-1150. [PMID: 29541508 PMCID: PMC5846518 DOI: 10.1364/boe.9.001130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Near-infrared diffuse optical tomography (NIR-DOT) is an emerging technology that offers hemoglobin based, functional imaging tumor biomarkers for breast cancer management. The most promising clinical translation opportunities are in the differential diagnosis of malignant vs. benign lesions, and in early response assessment and guidance for neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Accurate quantification of the tissue oxy- and deoxy-hemoglobin concentration across the field of view, as well as repeatability during longitudinal imaging in the context of therapy guidance, are essential for the successful translation of NIR-DOT to clinical practice. The ill-posed and ill-condition nature of the DOT inverse problem makes this technique particularly susceptible to model errors that may occur, for example, when the experimental conditions do not fully match the assumptions built into the image reconstruction process. To evaluate the susceptibility of DOT images to experimental errors that might be encountered in practice for a parallel-plate NIR-DOT system, we simulated 7 different types of errors, each with a range of magnitudes. We generated simulated data by using digital breast phantoms derived from five actual mammograms of healthy female volunteers, to which we added a 1-cm tumor. After applying each of the experimental error types and magnitudes to the simulated measurements, we reconstructed optical images with and without structural prior guidance and assessed the overall error in the total hemoglobin concentrations (HbT) and in the HbT contrast between the lesion and surrounding area vs. the best-case scenarios. It is found that slight in-plane probe misalignment and plate rotation did not result in large quantification errors. However, any out-of-plane probe tilting could result in significant deterioration in lesion contrast. Among the error types investigated in this work, optical images were the least likely to be impacted by breast shape inaccuracies but suffered the largest deterioration due to cross-talk between signal channels. However, errors in optical images could be effectively controlled when experimental parameters were properly estimated during data acquisition and accounted for in the image processing procedure. Finally, optical images recovered using structural priors were, in general, less susceptible to experimental errors; however, lesion contrasts were more sensitive to errors when tumor locations were used as a priori info. Findings in this simulation study can provide guidelines for system design and operation in optical breast imaging studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Deng
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Mats Lundqvist
- Philips Healthcare, Torshamnsgatan 30A, 164 40 Kista, Sweden
| | - Qianqian Fang
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Stefan A. Carp
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
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12
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Gunther JE, Lim EA, Kim HK, Flexman M, Altoé M, Campbell JA, Hibshoosh H, Crew KD, Kalinsky K, Hershman DL, Hielscher AH. Dynamic Diffuse Optical Tomography for Monitoring Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients with Breast Cancer. Radiology 2018; 287:778-786. [PMID: 29431574 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2018161041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To identify dynamic optical imaging features that associate with the degree of pathologic response in patients with breast cancer during neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Materials and Methods Of 40 patients with breast cancer who participated in a longitudinal study between June 2011 and March 2016, 34 completed the study. There were 13 patients who obtained a pathologic complete response (pCR) and 21 patients who did not obtain a pCR. Imaging data from six subjects were excluded from the study because either the patients dropped out of the study before it was finished or there was an instrumentation malfunction. Two weeks into the treatment regimen, three-dimensional images of both breasts during a breath hold were acquired by using dynamic diffuse optical tomography. Features from the breath-hold traces were used to distinguish between response groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and sensitivity analysis were used to determine the degree of association with 5-month treatment outcome. Results An ROC curve analysis showed that this method could identify patients with a pCR with a positive predictive value of 70.6% (12 of 17), a negative predictive value of 94.1% (16 of 17), a sensitivity of 92.3% (12 of 13), a specificity of 76.2% (16 of 21), and an area under the ROC curve of 0.85. Conclusion Several dynamic optical imaging features obtained within 2 weeks of NAC initiation were identified that showed statistically significant differences between patients with pCR and patients without pCR as determined 5 months after treatment initiation. If confirmed in a larger cohort prospective study, these dynamic imaging features may be used to predict treatment outcome as early as 2 weeks after treatment initiation. © RSNA, 2018 Online supplemental material is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline E Gunther
- From the Departments of Biomedical Engineering (J.E.G., M.F., M.A., A.H.H.) and Electrical Engineering (A.H.H.), Columbia University, 500 W 120th St, Mudd Bldg, ET351, MC 8904, New York, NY 10027; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology (E.A.L., J.A.C., K.D.C., K.K., D.L.H.), Department of Radiology (H.K.K., A.H.H.), Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (H.H.), and Department of Epidemiology (K.D.C., D.L.H.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Emerson A Lim
- From the Departments of Biomedical Engineering (J.E.G., M.F., M.A., A.H.H.) and Electrical Engineering (A.H.H.), Columbia University, 500 W 120th St, Mudd Bldg, ET351, MC 8904, New York, NY 10027; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology (E.A.L., J.A.C., K.D.C., K.K., D.L.H.), Department of Radiology (H.K.K., A.H.H.), Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (H.H.), and Department of Epidemiology (K.D.C., D.L.H.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Hyun K Kim
- From the Departments of Biomedical Engineering (J.E.G., M.F., M.A., A.H.H.) and Electrical Engineering (A.H.H.), Columbia University, 500 W 120th St, Mudd Bldg, ET351, MC 8904, New York, NY 10027; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology (E.A.L., J.A.C., K.D.C., K.K., D.L.H.), Department of Radiology (H.K.K., A.H.H.), Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (H.H.), and Department of Epidemiology (K.D.C., D.L.H.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Molly Flexman
- From the Departments of Biomedical Engineering (J.E.G., M.F., M.A., A.H.H.) and Electrical Engineering (A.H.H.), Columbia University, 500 W 120th St, Mudd Bldg, ET351, MC 8904, New York, NY 10027; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology (E.A.L., J.A.C., K.D.C., K.K., D.L.H.), Department of Radiology (H.K.K., A.H.H.), Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (H.H.), and Department of Epidemiology (K.D.C., D.L.H.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Mirella Altoé
- From the Departments of Biomedical Engineering (J.E.G., M.F., M.A., A.H.H.) and Electrical Engineering (A.H.H.), Columbia University, 500 W 120th St, Mudd Bldg, ET351, MC 8904, New York, NY 10027; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology (E.A.L., J.A.C., K.D.C., K.K., D.L.H.), Department of Radiology (H.K.K., A.H.H.), Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (H.H.), and Department of Epidemiology (K.D.C., D.L.H.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Jessica A Campbell
- From the Departments of Biomedical Engineering (J.E.G., M.F., M.A., A.H.H.) and Electrical Engineering (A.H.H.), Columbia University, 500 W 120th St, Mudd Bldg, ET351, MC 8904, New York, NY 10027; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology (E.A.L., J.A.C., K.D.C., K.K., D.L.H.), Department of Radiology (H.K.K., A.H.H.), Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (H.H.), and Department of Epidemiology (K.D.C., D.L.H.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Hanina Hibshoosh
- From the Departments of Biomedical Engineering (J.E.G., M.F., M.A., A.H.H.) and Electrical Engineering (A.H.H.), Columbia University, 500 W 120th St, Mudd Bldg, ET351, MC 8904, New York, NY 10027; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology (E.A.L., J.A.C., K.D.C., K.K., D.L.H.), Department of Radiology (H.K.K., A.H.H.), Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (H.H.), and Department of Epidemiology (K.D.C., D.L.H.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Katherine D Crew
- From the Departments of Biomedical Engineering (J.E.G., M.F., M.A., A.H.H.) and Electrical Engineering (A.H.H.), Columbia University, 500 W 120th St, Mudd Bldg, ET351, MC 8904, New York, NY 10027; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology (E.A.L., J.A.C., K.D.C., K.K., D.L.H.), Department of Radiology (H.K.K., A.H.H.), Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (H.H.), and Department of Epidemiology (K.D.C., D.L.H.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Kevin Kalinsky
- From the Departments of Biomedical Engineering (J.E.G., M.F., M.A., A.H.H.) and Electrical Engineering (A.H.H.), Columbia University, 500 W 120th St, Mudd Bldg, ET351, MC 8904, New York, NY 10027; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology (E.A.L., J.A.C., K.D.C., K.K., D.L.H.), Department of Radiology (H.K.K., A.H.H.), Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (H.H.), and Department of Epidemiology (K.D.C., D.L.H.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Dawn L Hershman
- From the Departments of Biomedical Engineering (J.E.G., M.F., M.A., A.H.H.) and Electrical Engineering (A.H.H.), Columbia University, 500 W 120th St, Mudd Bldg, ET351, MC 8904, New York, NY 10027; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology (E.A.L., J.A.C., K.D.C., K.K., D.L.H.), Department of Radiology (H.K.K., A.H.H.), Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (H.H.), and Department of Epidemiology (K.D.C., D.L.H.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Andreas H Hielscher
- From the Departments of Biomedical Engineering (J.E.G., M.F., M.A., A.H.H.) and Electrical Engineering (A.H.H.), Columbia University, 500 W 120th St, Mudd Bldg, ET351, MC 8904, New York, NY 10027; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology (E.A.L., J.A.C., K.D.C., K.K., D.L.H.), Department of Radiology (H.K.K., A.H.H.), Department of Pathology and Cell Biology (H.H.), and Department of Epidemiology (K.D.C., D.L.H.), Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
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Zhi W, Liu G, Chang C, Miao A, Zhu X, Xie L, Zhou J. Predicting Treatment Response of Breast Cancer to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Using Ultrasound-Guided Diffuse Optical Tomography. Transl Oncol 2017; 11:56-64. [PMID: 29175630 PMCID: PMC5714257 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2017.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To prospectively investigate ultrasound-guided diffuse optical tomography (US-guided DOT) in predicting breast cancer response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighty-eight breast cancer patients, with a total of 93 lesions, were included in our study. Pre- and post-last chemotherapy, size and total hemoglobin concentration (THC) of each lesion were measured by conventional US and US-guided DOT 1 day before biopsy (time point t0, THC THC0, SIZE S0) and 1 to 2 days before surgery (time point tL, THCL, SL). The relative changes in THC and SIZE of lesions after the first and last NAC cycles were considered as the variables ΔTHC and ΔSIZE. Receiver operating characteristic curve was performed to calculate ΔTHC and ΔSIZE cutoff values to evaluate pathologic response of 93 breast cancers to NAC, which were then prospectively used to predicate response of 61 breast cancers to NAC. RESULTS The cutoff values of ΔTHC and ΔSIZE for evaluation of breast cancers NAC treatment response were 23.9% and 42.6%. At ΔTHC 23.9%, the predicted treatment response in 61 breast lesions for the time points t1 to t3 was calculated by area under the curve (AUC), which were AUC1 0.534 (P=.6668), AUC2 0.604 (P=.1893), and AUC3 0.674(P =. 0.027), respectively; for ΔSIZE 42.6%, at time points t1 to t3, AUC1 0.505 (P=.9121), AUC2 0.645 (P=.0115), and AUC3 0.719 (P=.0018). CONCLUSION US-guided DOT ΔTHC 23.9% and US ΔSIZE 42.6% can be used for the response evaluation and earlier prediction of the pathological response after three rounds of chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiang Zhi
- Department of Ultrasonography, Fudan University, Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No 270, Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Guangyu Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University, Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No 270, Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Cai Chang
- Department of Ultrasonography, Fudan University, Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No 270, Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Aiyu Miao
- Department of Ultrasonography, Fudan University, Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No 270, Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University, Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No 270, Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Li Xie
- Clinical Statistics Center, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No 270, Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jin Zhou
- Department of Ultrasonography, Fudan University, Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No 270, Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
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Anderson PG, Kalli S, Sassaroli A, Krishnamurthy N, Makim SS, Graham RA, Fantini S. Optical Mammography in Patients with Breast Cancer Undergoing Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: Individual Clinical Response Index. Acad Radiol 2017; 24:1240-1255. [PMID: 28532642 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2017.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES We present an optical mammography study that aims to develop quantitative measures of pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients with breast cancer. Such quantitative measures are based on the concentrations of oxyhemoglobin ([HbO2]), deoxyhemoglobin ([Hb]), total hemoglobin ([HbT]), and hemoglobin saturation (SO2) in breast tissue at the tumor location and at sequential time points during chemotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Continuous-wave, spectrally resolved optical mammography was performed in transmission and parallel-plate geometry on 10 patients before treatment initiation and at each NAC administration (mean number of optical mammography sessions: 12, range: 7-18). Data on two patients were discarded for technical reasons. The patients were categorized as responders (R, >50% decrease in tumor size), or nonresponders (NR, <50% decrease in tumor size) based on imaging and histopathology results. RESULTS At 50% completion of the NAC regimen (therapy midpoint), R (6/8) demonstrated significant decreases in SO2 (-27% ± 4%) and [HbT] (-35 ± 4 µM) at the tumor location with respect to baseline values. By contrast, NR (2/8) showed nonsignificant changes in SO2 and [HbT] at therapy midpoint. We introduce a cumulative response index as a quantitative measure of the individual patient's response to therapy. At therapy midpoint, the SO2-based cumulative response index had a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 100% for the identification of R. CONCLUSIONS These results show that optical mammography is a promising tool to assess individual response to NAC at therapy midpoint to guide further decision making for neoadjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela G Anderson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155
| | - Sirishma Kalli
- Department of Radiology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Angelo Sassaroli
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155
| | - Nishanth Krishnamurthy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155
| | - Shital S Makim
- Department of Radiology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Roger A Graham
- Department of Surgery, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sergio Fantini
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155.
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15
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Diot G, Metz S, Noske A, Liapis E, Schroeder B, Ovsepian SV, Meier R, Rummeny E, Ntziachristos V. Multispectral Optoacoustic Tomography (MSOT) of Human Breast Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 23:6912-6922. [PMID: 28899968 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-3200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: In a pilot study, we introduce fast handheld multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT) of the breast at 28 wavelengths, aiming to identify high-resolution optoacoustic (photoacoustic) patterns of breast cancer and noncancerous breast tissue.Experimental Design: We imaged 10 female patients ages 48-81 years with malignant nonspecific breast cancer or invasive lobular carcinoma. Three healthy volunteers ages 31-36 years were also imaged. Fast-MSOT was based on unique single-frame-per-pulse (SFPP) image acquisition employed to improve the accuracy of spectral differentiation over using a small number of wavelengths. Breast tissue was illuminated at the 700-970 nm spectral range over 0.56 seconds total scan time. MSOT data were guided by ultrasonography and X-ray mammography or MRI.Results: The extended spectral range allowed the computation of oxygenated hemoglobin (HBO2), deoxygenated hemoglobin (HB), total blood volume (TBV), lipid, and water contributions, allowing first insights into in vivo high-resolution breast tissue MSOT cancer patterns. TBV and Hb/HBO2 images resolved marked differences between cancer and control tissue, manifested as a vessel-rich tumor periphery with highly heterogeneous spatial appearance compared with healthy tissue. We observe significant TBV variations between different tumors and between tumors over healthy tissues. Water and fat lipid layers appear disrupted in cancer versus healthy tissue; however, offer weaker contrast compared with TBV images.Conclusions: In contrast to optical methods, MSOT resolves physiologic cancer features with high resolution and revealed patterns not offered by other radiologic modalities. The new features relate to personalized and precision medicine potential. Clin Cancer Res; 23(22); 6912-22. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gael Diot
- Chair of Biological Imaging, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Stephan Metz
- Department of Radiology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Aurelia Noske
- Institute of Pathology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Evangelos Liapis
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Barbara Schroeder
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Saak V Ovsepian
- Chair of Biological Imaging, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Reinhard Meier
- Department of Radiology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Ernst Rummeny
- Department of Radiology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Vasilis Ntziachristos
- Chair of Biological Imaging, Technische Universität München, München, Germany.
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
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16
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Robbins CM, Raghavan G, Antaki JF, Kainerstorfer JM. Feasibility of spatial frequency-domain imaging for monitoring palpable breast lesions. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2017; 22:1-9. [PMID: 28831792 PMCID: PMC5997013 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.22.12.121605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
In breast cancer diagnosis and therapy monitoring, there is a need for frequent, noninvasive disease progression evaluation. Breast tumors differ from healthy tissue in mechanical stiffness as well as optical properties, which allows optical methods to detect and monitor breast lesions noninvasively. Spatial frequency-domain imaging (SFDI) is a reflectance-based diffuse optical method that can yield two-dimensional images of absolute optical properties of tissue with an inexpensive and portable system, although depth penetration is limited. Since the absorption coefficient of breast tissue is relatively low and the tissue is quite flexible, there is an opportunity for compression of tissue to bring stiff, palpable breast lesions within the detection range of SFDI. Sixteen breast tissue-mimicking phantoms were fabricated containing stiffer, more highly absorbing tumor-mimicking inclusions of varying absorption contrast and depth. These phantoms were imaged with an SFDI system at five levels of compression. An increase in absorption contrast was observed with compression, and reliable detection of each inclusion was achieved when compression was sufficient to bring the inclusion center within ∼12 mm of the phantom surface. At highest compression level, contrasts achieved with this system were comparable to those measured with single source-detector near-infrared spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constance M. Robbins
- Carnegie Mellon University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Guruprasad Raghavan
- Carnegie Mellon University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - James F. Antaki
- Carnegie Mellon University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Jana M. Kainerstorfer
- Carnegie Mellon University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
- Address all correspondence to: Jana M. Kainerstorfer, E-mail:
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17
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Nieskoski MD, Marra K, Gunn JR, Kanick SC, Doyley MM, Hasan T, Pereira SP, Stuart Trembly B, Pogue BW. Separation of Solid Stress From Interstitial Fluid Pressure in Pancreas Cancer Correlates With Collagen Area Fraction. J Biomech Eng 2017; 139:2618331. [PMID: 28388715 PMCID: PMC6993781 DOI: 10.1115/1.4036392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Elevated total tissue pressure (TTP) in pancreatic adenocarcinoma is often associated with stress applied by cellular proliferation and hydrated hyaluronic acid osmotic swelling; however, the causal roles of collagen in total tissue pressure have yet to be clearly measured. This study illustrates one direct correlation between total tissue pressure and increased deposition of collagen within the tissue matrix. This observation comes from a new modification to a conventional piezoelectric pressure catheter, used to independently separate and quantify total tissue pressure, solid stress (SS), and interstitial fluid pressure (IFP) within the same tumor location, thereby clarifying the relationship between these parameters. Additionally, total tissue pressure shows a direct correlation with verteporfin uptake, demonstrating the impediment of systemically delivered molecules with increased tissue hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kayla Marra
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755
| | - Jason R Gunn
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755
| | - Stephen C Kanick
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755
| | - Marvin M Doyley
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755;Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627
| | - Tayyaba Hasan
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Stephen P Pereira
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, London NW3 2QG, UK
| | - B Stuart Trembly
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755
| | - Brian W Pogue
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755 e-mail:
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Tabassum S, Zhao Y, Istfan R, Wu J, Waxman DJ, Roblyer D. Feasibility of spatial frequency domain imaging (SFDI) for optically characterizing a preclinical oncology model. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 7:4154-4170. [PMID: 27867722 PMCID: PMC5102554 DOI: 10.1364/boe.7.004154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Determination of chemotherapy efficacy early during treatment would provide more opportunities for physicians to alter and adapt treatment plans. Diffuse optical technologies may be ideally suited to track early biological events following chemotherapy administration due to low cost and high information content. We evaluated the use of spatial frequency domain imaging (SFDI) to characterize a small animal tumor model in order to move towards the goal of endogenous optical monitoring of cancer therapy in a controlled preclinical setting. The effects of key measurement parameters including the choice of imaging spatial frequency and the repeatability of measurements were evaluated. The precision of SFDI optical property extractions over repeat mouse measurements was determined to be within 3.52% for move and replace experiments. Baseline optical properties and chromophore values as well as intratumor heterogeneity were evaluated over 25 tumors. Additionally, tumor growth and chemotherapy response were monitored over a 45 day longitudinal study in a small number of mice to demonstrate the ability of SFDI to track treatment effects. Optical scattering and oxygen saturation increased as much as 70% and 25% respectively in treated tumors, suggesting SFDI may be useful for preclinical tracking of cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeda Tabassum
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, 8 Saint Mary’s Street, Boston, MA 02215,USA
| | - Yanyu Zhao
- Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 44 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Raeef Istfan
- Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 44 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Junjie Wu
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology and Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, 5 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - David J. Waxman
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology and Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, 5 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Darren Roblyer
- Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 44 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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Ramirez G, Proctor AR, Jung KW, Wu TT, Han S, Adams RR, Ren J, Byun DK, Madden KS, Brown EB, Foster TH, Farzam P, Durduran T, Choe R. Chemotherapeutic drug-specific alteration of microvascular blood flow in murine breast cancer as measured by diffuse correlation spectroscopy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 7:3610-3630. [PMID: 27699124 PMCID: PMC5030036 DOI: 10.1364/boe.7.003610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The non-invasive, in vivo measurement of microvascular blood flow has the potential to enhance breast cancer therapy monitoring. Here, longitudinal blood flow of 4T1 murine breast cancer (N=125) under chemotherapy was quantified with diffuse correlation spectroscopy based on layer models. Six different treatment regimens involving doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, and paclitaxel at clinically relevant doses were investigated. Treatments with cyclophosphamide increased blood flow as early as 3 days after administration, whereas paclitaxel induced a transient blood flow decrease at 1 day after administration. Early blood flow changes correlated strongly with the treatment outcome and distinguished treated from untreated mice individually for effective treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Ramirez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627,
USA
| | - Ashley R. Proctor
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627,
USA
| | - Ki Won Jung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627,
USA
| | - Tong Tong Wu
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642,
USA
| | - Songfeng Han
- The Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627,
USA
| | - Russell R. Adams
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627,
USA
| | - Jingxuan Ren
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627,
USA
| | - Daniel K. Byun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627,
USA
| | - Kelley S. Madden
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627,
USA
| | - Edward B. Brown
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627,
USA
| | - Thomas H. Foster
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627,
USA
- The Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627,
USA
- Department of Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642,
USA
| | - Parisa Farzam
- ICFO- Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona),
Spain
| | - Turgut Durduran
- ICFO- Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona),
Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08015 Barcelona,
Spain
| | - Regine Choe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627,
USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627,
USA
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Tromberg BJ, Zhang Z, Leproux A, O'Sullivan TD, Cerussi AE, Carpenter PM, Mehta RS, Roblyer D, Yang W, Paulsen KD, Pogue BW, Jiang S, Kaufman PA, Yodh AG, Chung SH, Schnall M, Snyder BS, Hylton N, Boas DA, Carp SA, Isakoff SJ, Mankoff D. Predicting Responses to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer: ACRIN 6691 Trial of Diffuse Optical Spectroscopic Imaging. Cancer Res 2016; 76:5933-5944. [PMID: 27527559 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-0346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The prospective multicenter ACRIN 6691 trial was designed to evaluate whether changes from baseline to mid-therapy in a diffuse optical spectroscopic imaging (DOSI)-derived imaging endpoint, the tissue optical index (TOI), predict pathologic complete response (pCR) in women undergoing breast cancer neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). DOSI instruments were constructed at the University of California, Irvine (Irvine, CA), and delivered to six institutions where 60 subjects with newly diagnosed breast tumors (at least 2 cm in the longest dimension) were enrolled over a 2-year period. Bedside DOSI images of the tissue concentrations of deoxy-hemoglobin (ctHHb), oxy-hemoglobin (ctHbO2), water (ctH2O), lipid, and TOI (ctHHb × ctH2O/lipid) were acquired on both breasts up to four times during NAC treatment: baseline, 1-week, mid-point, and completion. Of the 34 subjects (mean age 48.4 ± 10.7 years) with complete, evaluable data from both normal and tumor-containing breast, 10 (29%) achieved pCR as determined by central pathology review. The percent change in tumor-to-normal TOI ratio (%TOITN) from baseline to mid-therapy ranged from -82% to 321%, with a median of -36%. Using pCR as the reference standard and ROC curve methodology, %TOITN AUC was 0.60 (95% CI, 0.39-0.81). In the cohort of 17 patients with baseline tumor oxygen saturation (%StO2) greater than the 77% population median, %TOITN AUC improved to 0.83 (95% CI, 0.63-1.00). We conclude that the combination of baseline functional properties and dynamic optical response shows promise for clinical outcome prediction. Cancer Res; 76(20); 5933-44. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce J Tromberg
- Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California.
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Anaïs Leproux
- Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Thomas D O'Sullivan
- Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Albert E Cerussi
- Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California
| | | | - Rita S Mehta
- Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Darren Roblyer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Keith D Paulsen
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Brian W Pogue
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Shudong Jiang
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Peter A Kaufman
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Arjun G Yodh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - So Hyun Chung
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Mitchell Schnall
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Bradley S Snyder
- Center for Statistical Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Nola Hylton
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - David A Boas
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Stefan A Carp
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Steven J Isakoff
- Hematology Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David Mankoff
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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KWONG TIFFANYC, HSING MITCHELL, LIN YUTING, THAYER DAVID, UNLU MEHMETBURCIN, SU MINYING, GULSEN GULTEKIN. Differentiation of tumor vasculature heterogeneity levels in small animals based on total hemoglobin concentration using magnetic resonance-guided diffuse optical tomography in vivo. APPLIED OPTICS 2016; 55:5479-87. [PMID: 27463894 PMCID: PMC6839944 DOI: 10.1364/ao.55.005479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Insight into the vasculature of the tumor in small animals has the potential to impact many areas of cancer research. The heterogeneity of the vasculature of a tumor is directly related to tumor stage and disease progression. In this small scale animal study, we investigated the feasibility of differentiating tumors with different levels of vasculature heterogeneity in vivo using a previously developed hybrid magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffuse optical tomography (DOT) system for small animal imaging. Cross-sectional total hemoglobin concentration maps of 10 Fisher rats bearing R3230 breast tumors are reconstructed using multi-wavelength DOT measurements both with and without magnetic resonance (MR) structural a priori information. Simultaneously acquired MR structural images are used to guide and constrain the DOT reconstruction, while dynamic contrast-enhanced MR functional images are used as the gold standard to classify the vasculature of the tumor into two types: high versus low heterogeneity. These preliminary results show that the stand-alone DOT is unable to differentiate tumors with low and high vascular heterogeneity without structural a priori information provided by a high resolution imaging modality. The mean total hemoglobin concentrations comparing the vasculature of the tumors with low and high heterogeneity are significant (p-value 0.02) only when MR structural a priori information is utilized.
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Affiliation(s)
- TIFFANY C. KWONG
- Tu and Yuen Center for Functional Onco-Imaging, Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - MITCHELL HSING
- Tu and Yuen Center for Functional Onco-Imaging, Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - YUTING LIN
- Tu and Yuen Center for Functional Onco-Imaging, Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02144, USA
| | - DAVID THAYER
- Tu and Yuen Center for Functional Onco-Imaging, Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | | | - MIN-YING SU
- Tu and Yuen Center for Functional Onco-Imaging, Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - GULTEKIN GULSEN
- Tu and Yuen Center for Functional Onco-Imaging, Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
- Corresponding author:
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22
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Lindner C, Mora M, Farzam P, Squarcia M, Johansson J, Weigel UM, Halperin I, Hanzu FA, Durduran T. Diffuse Optical Characterization of the Healthy Human Thyroid Tissue and Two Pathological Case Studies. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147851. [PMID: 26815533 PMCID: PMC4731400 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The in vivo optical and hemodynamic properties of the healthy (n = 22) and pathological (n = 2) human thyroid tissue were measured non-invasively using a custom time-resolved spectroscopy (TRS) and diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) system. Medical ultrasound was used to guide the placement of the hand-held hybrid optical probe. TRS measured the absorption and reduced scattering coefficients (μa, μs′) at three wavelengths (690, 785 and 830 nm) to derive total hemoglobin concentration (THC) and oxygen saturation (StO2). DCS measured the microvascular blood flow index (BFI). Their dependencies on physiological and clinical parameters and positions along the thyroid were investigated and compared to the surrounding sternocleidomastoid muscle. The THC in the thyroid ranged from 131.9 μM to 144.8 μM, showing a 25–44% increase compared to the surrounding sternocleidomastoid muscle tissue. The blood flow was significantly higher in the thyroid (BFIthyroid = 16.0 × 10-9 cm2/s) compared to the muscle (BFImuscle = 7.8 × 10-9 cm2/s), while StO2 showed a small (StO2, muscle = 63.8% to StO2, thyroid = 68.4%), yet significant difference. Two case studies with thyroid nodules underwent the same measurement protocol prior to thyroidectomy. Their THC and BFI reached values around 226.5 μM and 62.8 × 10-9 cm2/s respectively showing a clear contrast to the nodule-free thyroid tissue as well as the general population. The initial characterization of the healthy and pathologic human thyroid tissue lays the ground work for the future investigation on the use of diffuse optics in thyroid cancer screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claus Lindner
- ICFO - Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Mireia Mora
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Parisa Farzam
- ICFO - Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | | | - Johannes Johansson
- ICFO - Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Udo M. Weigel
- ICFO - Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
- Hemophotonics S.L., Mediterranean Technology Park, Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Irene Halperin
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Felicia A. Hanzu
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Turgut Durduran
- ICFO - Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
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Nouizi F, Luk A, Thayer D, Lin Y, Ha S, Gulsen G. Experimental validation of a high-resolution diffuse optical imaging modality: photomagnetic imaging. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2016; 21:16009. [PMID: 26790644 PMCID: PMC4719037 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.21.1.016009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We present experimental results that validate our imaging technique termed photomagnetic imaging (PMI). PMI illuminates the medium under investigation with a near-infrared light and measures the induced temperature increase using magnetic resonance imaging. A multiphysics solver combining light and heat propagation is used to model spatiotemporal distribution of temperature increase. Furthermore, a dedicated PMI reconstruction algorithm has been developed to reveal high-resolution optical absorption maps from temperature measurements. Being able to perform measurements at any point within the medium, PMI overcomes the limitations of conventional diffuse optical imaging. We present experimental results obtained on agarose phantoms mimicking biological tissue with inclusions having either different sizes or absorption contrasts, located at various depths. The reconstructed images show that PMI can successfully resolve these inclusions with high resolution and recover their absorption coefficient with high-quantitative accuracy. Even a 1-mm inclusion located 6-mm deep is recovered successfully and its absorption coefficient is underestimated by only 32%. The improved PMI system presented here successfully operates under the maximum skin exposure limits defined by the American National Standards Institute, which opens up the exciting possibility of its future clinical use for diagnostic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farouk Nouizi
- University of California, Tu and Yuen Center for Functional Onco-Imaging, Department of Radiological Sciences, 164 Irvine Hall, Irvine, California, United States
| | - Alex Luk
- University of California, Tu and Yuen Center for Functional Onco-Imaging, Department of Radiological Sciences, 164 Irvine Hall, Irvine, California, United States
| | - Dave Thayer
- University of California, Tu and Yuen Center for Functional Onco-Imaging, Department of Radiological Sciences, 164 Irvine Hall, Irvine, California, United States
- Washington University in St. Louis, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, 510 South Kingshighway Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Yuting Lin
- University of California, Tu and Yuen Center for Functional Onco-Imaging, Department of Radiological Sciences, 164 Irvine Hall, Irvine, California, United States
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Department of Radiation Oncology, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02144, United States
| | - Seunghoon Ha
- University of California, Tu and Yuen Center for Functional Onco-Imaging, Department of Radiological Sciences, 164 Irvine Hall, Irvine, California, United States
- Philips Healthcare, N27 West 23676 Paul Road, Pewaukee, Wisconsin 53072, United States
| | - Gultekin Gulsen
- University of California, Tu and Yuen Center for Functional Onco-Imaging, Department of Radiological Sciences, 164 Irvine Hall, Irvine, California, United States
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24
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Michaelsen KE, Krishnaswamy V, Shi L, Vedantham S, Poplack SP, Karellas A, Pogue BW, Paulsen KD. Calibration and optimization of 3D digital breast tomosynthesis guided near infrared spectral tomography. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 6:4981-91. [PMID: 26713210 PMCID: PMC4679270 DOI: 10.1364/boe.6.004981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Revised: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/01/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Calibration of a three-dimensional multimodal digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) x-ray and non-fiber based near infrared spectral tomography (NIRST) system is challenging but essential for clinical studies. Phantom imaging results yielded linear contrast recovery of total hemoglobin (HbT) concentration for cylindrical inclusions of 15 mm, 10 mm and 7 mm with a 3.5% decrease in the HbT estimate for each 1 cm increase in inclusion depth. A clinical exam of a patient's breast containing both benign and malignant lesions was successfully imaged, with greater HbT was found in the malignancy relative to the benign abnormality and fibroglandular regions (11 μM vs. 9.5 μM). Tools developed improved imaging system characterization and optimization of signal quality, which will ultimately improve patient selection and subsequent clinical trial results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Linxi Shi
- Department of Radiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655,
USA
- Currently at School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332,
USA
| | - Srinivasan Vedantham
- Department of Radiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655,
USA
| | - Steven P. Poplack
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755,
USA
- Currently at Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110,
USA
| | - Andrew Karellas
- Department of Radiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655,
USA
| | - Brian W. Pogue
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755,
USA
| | - Keith D. Paulsen
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755,
USA
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25
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Erickson-Bhatt SJ, Roman M, Gonzalez J, Nunez A, Kiszonas R, Lopez-Penalver C, Godavarty A. Noninvasive Surface Imaging of Breast Cancer in Humans using a Hand-held Optical Imager. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2015; 1. [PMID: 27366327 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/1/4/045001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
X-ray mammography, the current gold standard for breast cancer detection, has a 20% false-negative rate (cancer is undetected) and increases in younger women with denser breast tissue. Diffuse optical imaging (DOI) is a safe (nonionizing), and relatively inexpensive method for noninvasive imaging of breast cancer in human subjects (including dense breast tissues) by providing physiological information (e.g. oxy- and deoxy- hemoglobin concentration). At the Optical Imaging Laboratory, a hand-held optical imager has been developed which employs a breast contourable probe head to perform simultaneous illumination and detection of large surfaces towards near real-time imaging of human breast cancer. Gen-1 and gen-2 versions of the handheld optical imager have been developed and previously demonstrated imaging in tissue phantoms and healthy human subjects. Herein, the hand-held optical imagers are applied towards in vivo imaging of breast cancer subjects in an attempt to determine the ability of the imager to detect breast tumors. Five female human subjects (ages 51-74) diagnosed with breast cancer were imaged with the gen-1 optical imager prior to surgical intervention. One of the subjects was also imaged with the gen-2 optical imager. Both imagers use 785 nm laser diode sources and ICCD camera detectors to generate 2D surfaces maps of total hemoglobin absorption. The subjects lay in supine position and images were collected at various locations on both the ipsilateral (tumor-containing) and contralateral (non-tumor containing) breasts. The optical images (2D surface maps of optical absorption due to total hemoglobin concentration) show regions of higher intensity at the tumor location, which is indicative of increased vasculature and higher blood content due to the presence of the tumor. Additionally, a preliminary result indicates the potential to image lymphatic spread. This study demonstrates the potential of the hand-held optical devices to noninvasively image breast cancer in human subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Erickson-Bhatt
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, 10555 West Flagler St. EC2610, Miami, FL, USA 33174
| | - Manuela Roman
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, 10555 West Flagler St. EC2610, Miami, FL, USA 33174
| | - Jean Gonzalez
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, 10555 West Flagler St. EC2610, Miami, FL, USA 33174
| | - Annie Nunez
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, 10555 West Flagler St. EC2610, Miami, FL, USA 33174
| | - Richard Kiszonas
- Dept. of Breast Radiology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1475 N.W. 12th Ave., Miami, FL, USA 33136
| | | | - Anuradha Godavarty
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, 10555 West Flagler St. EC2610, Miami, FL, USA 33174
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Chung SH, Feldman MD, Martinez D, Kim H, Putt ME, Busch DR, Tchou J, Czerniecki BJ, Schnall MD, Rosen MA, DeMichele A, Yodh AG, Choe R. Macroscopic optical physiological parameters correlate with microscopic proliferation and vessel area breast cancer signatures. Breast Cancer Res 2015; 17:72. [PMID: 26013572 PMCID: PMC4487833 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-015-0578-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Non-invasive diffuse optical tomography (DOT) and diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) can detect and characterize breast cancer and predict tumor responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, even in patients with radiographically dense breasts. However, the relationship between measured optical parameters and pathological biomarker information needs to be further studied to connect information from optics to traditional clinical cancer biology. Thus we investigate how optically measured physiological parameters in malignant tumors such as oxy-, deoxy-hemoglobin concentration, tissue blood oxygenation, and metabolic rate of oxygen correlate with microscopic histopathological biomarkers from the same malignant tumors, e.g., Ki67 proliferation markers, CD34 stained vasculature markers and nuclear morphology. METHODS In this pilot study, we investigate correlations of macroscopic physiological parameters of malignant tumors measured by diffuse optical technologies with microscopic histopathological biomarkers of the same tumors, i.e., the Ki67 proliferation marker, the CD34 stained vascular properties marker, and nuclear morphology. RESULTS The tumor-to-normal relative ratio of Ki67-positive nuclei is positively correlated with DOT-measured relative tissue blood oxygen saturation (R = 0.89, p-value: 0.001), and lower tumor-to-normal deoxy-hemoglobin concentration is associated with higher expression level of Ki67 nuclei (p-value: 0.01). In a subset of the Ki67-negative group (defined by the 15 % threshold), an inverse correlation between Ki67 expression level and mammary metabolic rate of oxygen was observed (R = -0.95, p-value: 0.014). Further, CD34 stained mean-vessel-area in tumor is positively correlated with tumor-to-normal total-hemoglobin and oxy-hemoglobin concentration. Finally, we find that cell nuclei tend to have more elongated shapes in less oxygenated DOT-measured environments. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, the pilot data are consistent with the notion that increased blood is supplied to breast cancers, and it also suggests that less conversion of oxy- to deoxy-hemoglobin occurs in more proliferative cancers. Overall, the observations corroborate expectations that macroscopic measurements of breast cancer physiology using DOT and DCS can reveal microscopic pathological properties of breast cancer and hold potential to complement pathological biomarker information.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Hyun Chung
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, 209 S. 33rd St., Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Michael D Feldman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Daniel Martinez
- Pathology Core Laboratory, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3615 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Helen Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, 209 S. 33rd St., Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Mary E Putt
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, 423 Guardian Drive, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - David R Busch
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, 209 S. 33rd St., Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Division of Neurology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3615 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Julia Tchou
- Department of Surgery, The Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Brian J Czerniecki
- Department of Surgery, The Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Mitchell D Schnall
- Department of Radiology, The Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Mark A Rosen
- Department of Radiology, The Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Angela DeMichele
- Department of Medicine, The Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Arjun G Yodh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, 209 S. 33rd St., Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Regine Choe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, 209 Goergen Hall, P.O. Box 270168, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA.
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Breast MRI-Detected Cystic Apocrine Metaplasia: Imaging Features With Microvessel Analysis and Histologic Correlation. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2015; 204:211-8. [DOI: 10.2214/ajr.14.12869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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28
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Laughney AM, Krishnaswamy V, Rizzo EJ, Schwab MC, Barth RJ, Cuccia DJ, Tromberg BJ, Paulsen KD, Pogue BW, Wells WA. Spectral discrimination of breast pathologies in situ using spatial frequency domain imaging. Breast Cancer Res 2014; 15:R61. [PMID: 23915805 PMCID: PMC3979079 DOI: 10.1186/bcr3455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Nationally, 25% to 50% of patients undergoing lumpectomy for local management of breast cancer require a secondary excision because of the persistence of residual tumor. Intraoperative assessment of specimen margins by frozen-section analysis is not widely adopted in breast-conserving surgery. Here, a new approach to wide-field optical imaging of breast pathology in situ was tested to determine whether the system could accurately discriminate cancer from benign tissues before routine pathological processing. Methods Spatial frequency domain imaging (SFDI) was used to quantify near-infrared (NIR) optical parameters at the surface of 47 lumpectomy tissue specimens. Spatial frequency and wavelength-dependent reflectance spectra were parameterized with matched simulations of light transport. Spectral images were co-registered to histopathology in adjacent, stained sections of the tissue, cut in the geometry imaged in situ. A supervised classifier and feature-selection algorithm were implemented to automate discrimination of breast pathologies and to rank the contribution of each parameter to a diagnosis. Results Spectral parameters distinguished all pathology subtypes with 82% accuracy and benign (fibrocystic disease, fibroadenoma) from malignant (DCIS, invasive cancer, and partially treated invasive cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy) pathologies with 88% accuracy, high specificity (93%), and reasonable sensitivity (79%). Although spectral absorption and scattering features were essential components of the discriminant classifier, scattering exhibited lower variance and contributed most to tissue-type separation. The scattering slope was sensitive to stromal and epithelial distributions measured with quantitative immunohistochemistry. Conclusions SFDI is a new quantitative imaging technique that renders a specific tissue-type diagnosis. Its combination of planar sampling and frequency-dependent depth sensing is clinically pragmatic and appropriate for breast surgical-margin assessment. This study is the first to apply SFDI to pathology discrimination in surgical breast tissues. It represents an important step toward imaging surgical specimens immediately ex vivo to reduce the high rate of secondary excisions associated with breast lumpectomy procedures.
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Jiang S, Pogue BW, Kaufman PA, Gui J, Jermyn M, Frazee TE, Poplack SP, DiFlorio-Alexander R, Wells WA, Paulsen KD. Predicting breast tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy with diffuse optical spectroscopic tomography prior to treatment. Clin Cancer Res 2014; 20:6006-15. [PMID: 25294916 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-1415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine whether pretreatment biomarkers obtained from diffuse optical spectroscopic tomographic (DOST) imaging predicts breast tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), which would have value to potentially eliminate delays in prescribing definitive local regional therapy that may occur from a standard complete 6- to 8-month course of NAC. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Nineteen patients undergoing NAC were imaged with DOST before, during, and after treatment. The DOST images of total hemoglobin concentration (HbT), tissue oxygen saturation (StO2), and water (H2O) fraction at different time points have been used for testing the abilities of differentiating patients having pathologic complete response (pCR) versus pathologic incomplete response (pIR). RESULTS Significant differences (P < 0.001, AUC = 1.0) were found between pCR patients versus pIR in outcome, based on the percentage change in tumor HbT within the first cycle of treatment. In addition, pretreatment tumor HbT (pretreatment HbT) relative to the contralateral breast was statistically significant (P = 0.01, AUC = 0.92) in differentiating pCR from pIR. CONCLUSIONS This is the first clinical evidence that DOST HbT may differentiate the two groups with predictive significance based on data acquired before NAC even begins. The study also demonstrates the potential of accelerating the validation of optimal NAC regimens through future randomized clinical trials by reducing the number of patients required and the length of time they need to be followed by using a validated imaging surrogate as an outcome measure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shudong Jiang
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire.
| | - Brian W Pogue
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Peter A Kaufman
- Department of Medicine, Giesel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Jiang Gui
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Giesel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Michael Jermyn
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Tracy E Frazee
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Giesel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Steven P Poplack
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Giesel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | | | - Wendy A Wells
- Department of Pathology, Giesel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Keith D Paulsen
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire. Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Giesel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire
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Leproux A, Durkin A, Compton M, Cerussi AE, Gratton E, Tromberg BJ. Assessing tumor contrast in radiographically dense breast tissue using Diffuse Optical Spectroscopic Imaging (DOSI). Breast Cancer Res 2014; 15:R89. [PMID: 24066941 PMCID: PMC3979060 DOI: 10.1186/bcr3485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Radiographic density adversely affects the performance of X-ray mammography and can be particularly problematic in younger and high-risk women. Because of this limitation, there is significant ongoing effort to develop alternative cancer screening and detection strategies for this population. This pilot study evaluates the potential of Diffuse Optical Spectroscopic Imaging (DOSI) to image known tumors in dense breast tissue. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis on 24 radiographically dense breast cancer subjects measured with DOSI over a four-year period (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System - BI-RADS, category 3 and 4, average age = 39 ± 7.6, average maximum size 31 ± 17 mm). Two previously-described DOSI contrast functions, the tissue optical index (TOI) and the specific tumor component (STC), which are based upon the concentrations and spectral signatures of hemoglobin, water and lipids, respectively, were used to form 2D optical images of breast tumors. Results Using TOI and STC, 21 out of 24 breast tumors were found to be statistically different from the surrounding highly vascularized dense tissue and to be distinguishable from the areolar region. For these patients, the tumor to normal contrast was 2.6 ± 1.2 (range 1.3 to 5.5) and 10.0 ± 7.5 (range 3.3 to 26.4) for TOI and STC, respectively. STC images were particularly useful in eliminating metabolic background from the retroareolar region which led to identification of two out of four retroareolar tumors. Conclusions Using both the abundance and the disposition of the tissue chromophores recovered from the DOSI measurements, we were able to observe tumor contrast relative to dense breast tissue. These preliminary results suggest that DOSI spectral characterization strategies may provide new information content that could help imaging breast tumors in radiographically dense tissue and in particular in the areolar complex.
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Choe R, Putt ME, Carlile PM, Durduran T, Giammarco JM, Busch DR, Jung KW, Czerniecki BJ, Tchou J, Feldman MD, Mies C, Rosen MA, Schnall MD, DeMichele A, Yodh AG. Optically measured microvascular blood flow contrast of malignant breast tumors. PLoS One 2014; 9:e99683. [PMID: 24967878 PMCID: PMC4072684 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Microvascular blood flow contrast is an important hemodynamic and metabolic parameter with potential to enhance in vivo breast cancer detection and therapy monitoring. Here we report on non-invasive line-scan measurements of malignant breast tumors with a hand-held optical probe in the remission geometry. The probe employs diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS), a near-infrared optical method that quantifies deep tissue microvascular blood flow. Tumor-to-normal perfusion ratios are derived from thirty-two human subjects. Mean (95% confidence interval) tumor-to-normal ratio using surrounding normal tissue was 2.25 (1.92–2.63); tumor-to-normal ratio using normal tissues at the corresponding tumor location in the contralateral breast was 2.27 (1.94–2.66), and using normal tissue in the contralateral breast was 2.27 (1.90–2.70). Thus, the mean tumor-to-normal ratios were significantly different from unity irrespective of the normal tissue chosen, implying that tumors have significantly higher blood flow than normal tissues. Therefore, the study demonstrates existence of breast cancer contrast in blood flow measured by DCS. The new, optically accessible cancer contrast holds potential for cancer detection and therapy monitoring applications, and it is likely to be especially useful when combined with diffuse optical spectroscopy/tomography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regine Choe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Mary E. Putt
- Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Peter M. Carlile
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Turgut Durduran
- ICFO- Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Joseph M. Giammarco
- Department of Astronomy & Physics, Eastern University, St. Davids, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - David R. Busch
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Ki Won Jung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Brian J. Czerniecki
- Department of Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Julia Tchou
- Department of Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Michael D. Feldman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Carolyn Mies
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Mark A. Rosen
- Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Mitchell D. Schnall
- Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Angela DeMichele
- Department of Medicine (Hematology/Oncology), Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Arjun G. Yodh
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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Farzam P, Lindner C, Weigel UM, Suarez M, Urbano-Ispizua A, Durduran T. Noninvasive characterization of the healthy human manubrium using diffuse optical spectroscopies. Physiol Meas 2014; 35:1469-91. [DOI: 10.1088/0967-3334/35/7/1469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Meaney PM, Golnabi AH, Epstein NR, Geimer SD, Fanning MW, Weaver JB, Paulsen KD. Integration of microwave tomography with magnetic resonance for improved breast imaging. Med Phys 2014; 40:103101. [PMID: 24089930 DOI: 10.1118/1.4820361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Breast magnetic resonance imaging is highly sensitive but not very specific for the detection of breast cancer. Opportunities exist to supplement the image acquisition with a more specific modality provided the technical challenges of meeting space limitations inside the bore, restricted breast access, and electromagnetic compatibility requirements can be overcome. Magnetic resonance (MR) and microwave tomography (MT) are complementary and synergistic because the high resolution of MR is used to encode spatial priors on breast geometry and internal parenchymal features that have distinct electrical properties (i.e., fat vs fibroglandular tissue) for microwave tomography. METHODS The authors have overcome integration challenges associated with combining MT with MR to produce a new coregistered, multimodality breast imaging platform--magnetic resonance microwave tomography, including: substantial illumination tank size reduction specific to the confined MR bore diameter, minimization of metal content and composition, reduction of metal artifacts in the MR images, and suppression of unwanted MT multipath signals. RESULTS MR SNR exceeding 40 dB can be obtained. Proper filtering of MR signals reduces MT data degradation allowing MT SNR of 20 dB to be obtained, which is sufficient for image reconstruction. When MR spatial priors are incorporated into the recovery of MT property estimates, the errors between the recovered versus actual dielectric properties approach 5%. CONCLUSIONS The phantom and human subject exams presented here are the first demonstration of combining MT with MR to improve the accuracy of the reconstructed MT images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul M Meaney
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755
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Michaelsen KE, Krishnaswamy V, Shenoy A, Jordan E, Pogue BW, Paulsen KD. Anthropomorphic breast phantoms with physiological water, lipid, and hemoglobin content for near-infrared spectral tomography. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2014; 19:026012. [PMID: 24549438 PMCID: PMC3925848 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.19.2.026012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Breast mimicking tissue optical phantoms with sufficient structural integrity to be deployed as stand-alone imaging targets are developed and successfully constructed with biologically relevant concentrations of water, lipid, and blood. The results show excellent material homogeneity and reproducibility with inter- and intraphantom variability of 3.5 and 3.8%, respectively, for water and lipid concentrations ranging from 15 to 85%. The phantoms were long-lasting and exhibited water and lipid fractions that were consistent to within 5% of their original content when measured 2 weeks after creation. A breast-shaped three-compartment model of adipose, fibroglandular, and malignant tissues was created with water content ranging from 30% for the adipose simulant to 80% for the tumor. Mean measured water content ranged from 30% in simulated adipose to 73% in simulated tumor with the higher water localized to the tumor-like material. This novel heterogeneous phantom design is composed of physiologically relevant concentrations of the major optical absorbers in the breast in the near-infrared wavelengths that should significantly improve imaging system characterization and optimization because the materials have stand-alone structural integrity and can be readily molded into the sizes and shapes of tissues commensurate with clinical breast imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly E. Michaelsen
- Dartmouth College, Thayer School of Engineering, 14 Engineering Drive, Hanover, New Hampshire, 03755
- Address all correspondence to: Kelly E. Michaelsen, E-mail:
| | | | - Adele Shenoy
- Dartmouth College, Thayer School of Engineering, 14 Engineering Drive, Hanover, New Hampshire, 03755
| | - Emily Jordan
- Dartmouth College, Thayer School of Engineering, 14 Engineering Drive, Hanover, New Hampshire, 03755
| | - Brian W. Pogue
- Dartmouth College, Thayer School of Engineering, 14 Engineering Drive, Hanover, New Hampshire, 03755
| | - Keith D. Paulsen
- Dartmouth College, Thayer School of Engineering, 14 Engineering Drive, Hanover, New Hampshire, 03755
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Busch DR, Choe R, Durduran T, Yodh AG. Towards non-invasive characterization of breast cancer and cancer metabolism with diffuse optics. PET Clin 2013; 8. [PMID: 24244206 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpet.2013.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We review recent developments in diffuse optical imaging and monitoring of breast cancer, i.e. optical mammography. Optical mammography permits non-invasive, safe and frequent measurement of tissue hemodynamics oxygen metabolism and components (lipids, water, etc.), the development of new compound indices indicative of the risk and malignancy, and holds potential for frequent non-invasive longitudinal monitoring of therapy progression.
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36
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Sunar U. Monitoring photodynamic therapy of head and neck malignancies with optical spectroscopies. World J Clin Cases 2013; 1:96-105. [PMID: 24303476 PMCID: PMC3845916 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v1.i3.96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Revised: 04/02/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years there has been significant developments in photosensitizers (PSs), light sources and light delivery systems that have allowed decreasing the treatment time and skin phototoxicity resulting in more frequent use of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in the clinical settings. Compared to standard treatment approaches such as chemo-radiation and surgery, PDT has much reduced morbidity for head and neck malignancies and is becoming an alternative treatment option. It can be used as an adjunct therapy to other treatment modalities without any additive cumulative side effects. Surface illumination can be an option for pre-malignant and early-stage malignancies while interstitial treatment is for debulking of thick tumors in the head and neck region. PDT can achieve equivalent or greater efficacy in treating head and neck malignancies, suggesting that it may be considered as a first line therapy in the future. Despite progressive development, clinical PDT needs improvement in several topics for wider acceptance including standardization of protocols that involve the same administrated light and PS doses and establishing quantitative tools for PDT dosimetry planning and response monitoring. Quantitative measures such as optical parameters, PS concentration, tissue oxygenation and blood flow are essential for accurate PDT dosimetry as well as PDT response monitoring and assessing therapy outcome. Unlike conventional imaging modalities like magnetic resonance imaging, novel optical imaging techniques can quantify PDT-related parameters without any contrast agent administration and enable real-time assessment during PDT for providing fast feedback to clinicians. Ongoing developments in optical imaging offer the promise of optimization of PDT protocols with improved outcomes.
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Roblyer D, O'Sullivan TD, Warren RV, Tromberg B. Feasibility of Direct Digital Sampling for Diffuse Optical Frequency Domain Spectroscopy in Tissue. MEASUREMENT SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2013; 24:045501. [PMID: 24678143 PMCID: PMC3963501 DOI: 10.1088/0957-0233/24/4/045501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Frequency domain optical spectroscopy in the diffusive regime is currently being investigated for biomedical applications including tumor detection, therapy monitoring, exercise metabolism, and others. Analog homodyne or heterodyne detection of sinusoidally modulated signals have been the predominant method for measuring phase and amplitude of photon density waves that have traversed through tissue. Here we demonstrate the feasibility of utilizing direct digital sampling of modulated signals using a 3.6 Gigasample/second 12 bit Analog to Digital Converter. Digitally synthesized modulated signals between 50MHz and 400MHz were measured on tissue simulating phantoms at six near-infrared wavelengths. An amplitude and phase precision of 1% and 0.6 degrees were achieved during drift tests. Amplitude, phase, scattering and absorption values were compared with a well-characterized network analyzer based diffuse optical device. Measured optical properties measured with both systems were within 3.6% for absorption and 2.8% for scattering over a range of biologically relevant values. Direct digital sampling represents a viable method for frequency domain diffuse optical spectroscopy and has the potential to reduce system complexity, size, and cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren Roblyer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 44 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02115 ; Laser Microbeam and Medical Program (LAMMP), Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, University of California, Irvine
| | - Thomas D O'Sullivan
- Laser Microbeam and Medical Program (LAMMP), Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, University of California, Irvine
| | - Robert V Warren
- Laser Microbeam and Medical Program (LAMMP), Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, University of California, Irvine
| | - Bruce Tromberg
- Laser Microbeam and Medical Program (LAMMP), Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, University of California, Irvine
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38
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O'Sullivan TD, Leproux A, Chen JH, Bahri S, Matlock A, Roblyer D, McLaren CE, Chen WP, Cerussi AE, Su MY, Tromberg BJ. Optical imaging correlates with magnetic resonance imaging breast density and reveals composition changes during neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Breast Cancer Res 2013; 15:R14. [PMID: 23433249 PMCID: PMC3672664 DOI: 10.1186/bcr3389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Accepted: 02/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction In addition to being a risk factor for breast cancer, breast density has been
hypothesized to be a surrogate biomarker for predicting response to
endocrine-based chemotherapies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether
a noninvasive bedside scanner based on diffuse optical spectroscopic imaging
(DOSI) provides quantitative metrics to measure and track changes in breast tissue
composition and density. To access a broad range of densities in a limited patient
population, we performed optical measurements on the contralateral normal breast
of patients before and during neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). In this work, DOSI
parameters, including tissue hemoglobin, water, and lipid concentrations, were
obtained and correlated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-measured
fibroglandular tissue density. We evaluated how DOSI could be used to assess
breast density while gaining new insight into the impact of chemotherapy on breast
tissue. Methods This was a retrospective study of 28 volunteers undergoing NAC treatment for
breast cancer. Both 3.0-T MRI and broadband DOSI (650 to 1,000 nm) were obtained
from the contralateral normal breast before and during NAC. Longitudinal DOSI
measurements were used to calculate breast tissue concentrations of oxygenated and
deoxygenated hemoglobin, water, and lipid. These values were compared with
MRI-measured fibroglandular density before and during therapy. Results Water (r = 0.843; P < 0.001), deoxyhemoglobin (r =
0.785; P = 0.003), and lipid (r = -0.707; P = 0.010)
concentration measured with DOSI correlated strongly with MRI-measured density
before therapy. Mean DOSI parameters differed significantly between pre- and
postmenopausal subjects at baseline (water, P < 0.001;
deoxyhemoglobin, P = 0.024; lipid, P = 0.006). During NAC
treatment measured at about 90 days, significant reductions were observed in
oxyhemoglobin for pre- (-20.0%; 95% confidence interval (CI), -32.7 to -7.4) and
postmenopausal subjects (-20.1%; 95% CI, -31.4 to -8.8), and water concentration
for premenopausal subjects (-11.9%; 95% CI, -17.1 to -6.7) compared with baseline.
Lipid increased slightly in premenopausal subjects (3.8%; 95% CI, 1.1 to 6.5), and
water increased slightly in postmenopausal subjects (4.4%; 95% CI, 0.1 to 8.6).
Percentage change in water at the end of therapy compared with baseline correlated
strongly with percentage change in MRI-measured density (r = 0.864; P
= 0.012). Conclusions DOSI functional measurements correlate with MRI fibroglandular density, both
before therapy and during NAC. Although from a limited patient dataset, these
results suggest that DOSI may provide new functional indices of density based on
hemoglobin and water that could be used at the bedside to assess response to
therapy and evaluate disease risk.
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39
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Jiang M, Mou CZ, Han T, Wang M, Yang W. Thrombospondin-1 and transforming growth factor-β1 levels in prolactinoma and their clinical significance. J Int Med Res 2013; 40:1284-94. [PMID: 22971480 DOI: 10.1177/147323001204000407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the roles of angiogenesis, thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in invasive and noninvasive prolactinoma. METHODS TSP-1 and TGF-β1 protein were examined using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting in 81 prolactinomas. Angiogenesis was assessed by measuring microvessel density via CD34 immunostaining. RESULTS Microvessel density was significantly higher in invasive prolactinomas than in noninvasive prolactinomas. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that significantly fewer invasive prolactinomas were positive for TSP-1 compared with noninvasive prolactinomas (17.9% versus 50.0%, respectively), and significantly higher numbers of invasive prolactinomas were positive for TGF-β1 compared with noninvasive prolactinomas (82.1% versus 42.9%, respectively). Microvessel density was significantly lower in TSP-1-positive prolactinomas than in TSP-1-negative prolactinomas, and significantly higher in TGF-β1-positive prolactinomas than in TGF-β1-negative prolactinomas. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest a close relationship between angiogenesis and tumour invasiveness in prolactinoma. TSP-1 and TGF-β1 may play important roles in the progression of prolactinoma, by affecting angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Busch DR, Choe R, Rosen MA, Guo W, Durduran T, Feldman MD, Mies C, Czerniecki BJ, Tchou J, DeMichele A, Schnall MD, Yodh AG. Optical malignancy parameters for monitoring progression of breast cancer neoadjuvant chemotherapy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2013; 4:105-21. [PMID: 23304651 PMCID: PMC3539198 DOI: 10.1364/boe.4.000105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2012] [Revised: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 11/28/2012] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
We introduce and demonstrate use of a novel, diffuse optical tomography (DOT) based breast cancer signature for monitoring progression of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. This signature, called probability of malignancy, is obtained by statistical image analysis of total hemoglobin concentration, blood oxygen saturation, and scattering coefficient distributions in the breast tomograms of a training-set population with biopsy-confirmed breast cancers. A pilot clinical investigation adapts this statistical image analysis approach for chemotherapy monitoring of three patients. Though preliminary, the study shows how to use the malignancy parameter for separating responders from partial-responders and demonstrates the potential utility of the methodology compared to traditional DOT quantification schemes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R. Busch
- Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, 209 S. 33rd St.,
Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Regine Choe
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester NY 14627
USA
| | - Mark A. Rosen
- Dept. of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104
USA
| | - Wensheng Guo
- Dept. of Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104
USA
| | - Turgut Durduran
- Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, Castelldefels, Barcelona
Spain
| | - Michael D. Feldman
- Dept. of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104
USA
| | - Carolyn Mies
- Dept. of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104
USA
| | | | - Julia Tchou
- Dept. of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104 USA
| | - Angela DeMichele
- Depts. of Medicine (Hematology/Oncology) and Epidemiology, University of
Pennsylvania, PA 19104 USA
| | | | - Arjun G. Yodh
- Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, 209 S. 33rd St.,
Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Optical imaging is experiencing significant technologic advances. Simultaneously, an array of specific optical imaging agents has brought new capabilities to biomedical research and is edging toward clinical use. We review progress in the translation of macroscopic optical imaging-including fluorescence-guided surgery and endoscopy, intravascular fluorescence imaging, diffuse fluorescence and optical tomography, and multispectral optoacoustics (photoacoustics)-for applications ranging from tumor resection and assessment of atherosclerotic plaques to dermatologic and breast examinations. CONCLUSION Optical imaging could play a major role in the move from imaging of structure and morphology to the visualization of the individual biologic processes underlying disease and could, therefore, contribute to more accurate diagnostics and improved treatment efficacy.
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Ueda S, Roblyer D, Cerussi A, Durkin A, Leproux A, Santoro Y, Xu S, O'Sullivan TD, Hsiang D, Mehta R, Butler J, Tromberg BJ. Baseline tumor oxygen saturation correlates with a pathologic complete response in breast cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Cancer Res 2012; 72:4318-28. [PMID: 22777823 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-12-0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Tissue hemoglobin oxygen saturation (i.e., oxygenation) is a functional imaging endpoint that can reveal variations in tissue hypoxia, which may be predictive of pathologic response in subjects undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy. In this study, we used diffuse optical spectroscopic imaging (DOSI) to measure concentrations of oxyhemoglobin (ctO(2)Hb), deoxy-hemoglobin (ctHHb), total Hb (ctTHb = ctO(2)Hb + ctHHb), and oxygen saturation (stO(2) = ctO(2)Hb/ctTHb) in tumor and contralateral normal tissue from 41 patients with locally advanced primary breast cancer. Measurements were acquired before the start of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Optically derived parameters were analyzed separately and in combination with clinical biomarkers to evaluate correlations with pathologic response. Discriminant analysis was conducted to determine the ability of optical and clinical biomarkers to classify subjects into response groups. Twelve (28.6%) of 42 tumors achieved pathologic complete response (pCR) and 30 (71.4%) were non-pCR. Tumor measurements in pCR subjects had higher stO(2) levels (median 77.8%) than those in non-pCR individuals (median 72.3%, P = 0.01). There were no significant differences in baseline ctO(2)Hb, ctHHb, and ctTHb between response groups. An optimal tumor oxygenation threshold of stO(2) = 76.7% was determined for pCR versus non-pCR (sensitivity = 75.0%, specificity = 73.3%). Multivariate discriminant analysis combining estrogen receptor staining and stO(2) further improved the classification of pCR versus non-pCR (sensitivity = 100%, specificity = 85.7%). These results show that elevated baseline tumor stO(2) are correlated with a pCR. Noninvasive DOSI scans combined with histopathology subtyping may aid in stratification of individual patients with breast cancer before neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeto Ueda
- Laser Microbeam and Medical Program (LAMMP), Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, University of California, Irvine, USA
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Choe R, Durduran T. Diffuse Optical Monitoring of the Neoadjuvant Breast Cancer Therapy. IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS : A PUBLICATION OF THE IEEE LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS SOCIETY 2012; 18:1367-1386. [PMID: 23243386 PMCID: PMC3521564 DOI: 10.1109/jstqe.2011.2177963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in the use of diffuse optical techniques for monitoring the hemodynamic, metabolic and physiological signatures of the neoadjuvant breast cancer therapy effectiveness is critically reviewed. An extensive discussion of the state-of-theart diffuse optical mammography is presented alongside a discussion of the current approaches to breast cancer therapies. Overall, the diffuse optics field is growing rapidly with a great deal of promise to fill an important niche in the current approaches to monitor, predict and personalize neoadjuvant breast cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regine Choe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA;
| | - Turgut Durduran
- ICFO- Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, Mediterranean Technology Park, 08860, Barcelona, Spain;
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Enfield LC, Cantanhede G, Westbroek D, Douek M, Purushotham AD, Hebden JC, Gibson AP. Monitoring the response to primary medical therapy for breast cancer using three- dimensional time-resolved optical mammography. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2012; 10:533-47. [PMID: 22066594 DOI: 10.1177/153303461101000604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary medical therapy is used to reduce tumour size prior to surgery in women with locally advanced breast cancer. Optical tomography is a functional imaging technique using near- infrared light to produce three-dimensional breast images of tissue oxygen saturation and haemoglobin concentration. Its advantages include the ability to display quantitative physiological information, and to allow repeated scans without the hazards associated with exposure to ionising radiation. There is a need for a non-invasive functional imaging tool to evaluate response to treatment, so that non-responders can be given the opportunity to change their treatment regimen. Here, we evaluate the use of optical tomography for this purpose. Four women with newly diagnosed breast cancer who were about to undergo primary medical therapy gave informed and voluntary consent to take part in the study. Changes in physiological and optical properties within the tumour were evaluated during the course of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Optical imaging was performed prior to treatment, after the first cycle of chemotherapy, halfway through, and on completion of chemotherapy. Images of light absorption and scatter at two wavelengths were produced, from which images of total haemoglobin concentration and oxygen saturation were derived. All patients that showed a good or complete response to treatment on MRI showed a corresponding recovery in the haemoglobin concentration images. Changes in mean tumour total haemoglobin concentration could be seen four weeks into treatment. The tumour oxygen saturation was low compared to background in three out of four patients, and also showed a return to baseline over treatment. Optical imaging of the breast is feasible during primary medical therapy and can be used to assess response to treatment over six months.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Enfield
- Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering, University College London, Malet Place, London, UK.
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45
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Hillman EMC, Amoozegar CB, Wang T, McCaslin AFH, Bouchard MB, Mansfield J, Levenson RM. In vivo optical imaging and dynamic contrast methods for biomedical research. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2011; 369:4620-43. [PMID: 22006910 PMCID: PMC3263788 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2011.0264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
This paper provides an overview of optical imaging methods commonly applied to basic research applications. Optical imaging is well suited for non-clinical use, since it can exploit an enormous range of endogenous and exogenous forms of contrast that provide information about the structure and function of tissues ranging from single cells to entire organisms. An additional benefit of optical imaging that is often under-exploited is its ability to acquire data at high speeds; a feature that enables it to not only observe static distributions of contrast, but to probe and characterize dynamic events related to physiology, disease progression and acute interventions in real time. The benefits and limitations of in vivo optical imaging for biomedical research applications are described, followed by a perspective on future applications of optical imaging for basic research centred on a recently introduced real-time imaging technique called dynamic contrast-enhanced small animal molecular imaging (DyCE).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M C Hillman
- Laboratory for Functional Optical Imaging, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Columbia University in the City of New York, New York, NY 10027, USA.
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46
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Taroni P. Diffuse optical imaging and spectroscopy of the breast: a brief outline of history and perspectives. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2011; 11:241-50. [PMID: 22094324 DOI: 10.1039/c1pp05230f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in industrialized countries. At present, X-ray mammography is the gold standard for breast imaging, but has limitations, especially when dense breasts are imaged, as typically occurs in young women. Optical imaging can non-invasively provide information on tissue composition, structure and physiology that can be beneficially exploited for breast lesion detection and identification. In the last few decades optical breast imaging has been investigated, using different geometries (projection imaging and tomography) and measurement techniques (continuous wave, frequency resolved and time resolved approaches). Also, data analysis and display varies significantly, ranging from intensity images to maps of the optical properties (absorption and scattering), tissue composition, and physiological parameters (typically blood volume and oxygenation). This paper outlines the historical evolution of optical imaging and spectroscopy of the breast, highlighting potentialities and limitations, and presents an overview of the main applications and perspectives of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Taroni
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milan, Italy.
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Leproux A, Cerussi AE, Tanamai W, Durkin AF, Compton M, Gratton E, Tromberg BJ. Impact of contralateral and ipsilateral reference tissue selection on self-referencing differential spectroscopy for breast cancer detection. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2011; 16:116019. [PMID: 22112124 PMCID: PMC3223514 DOI: 10.1117/1.3652711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2011] [Revised: 09/21/2011] [Accepted: 09/23/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We previously developed a self-referencing differential spectroscopic (SRDS) method to detect lesions by identifying a spectroscopic biomarker of breast cancer, i.e., the specific tumor component (STC). The SRDS method is based on the assumption of the exclusive presence of this spectroscopic biomaker in malignant disease. Although clinical results using this method have already been published, the dependence of the STC spectra on the choice of reference tissue has not yet been addressed. In this study, we explore the impact of the selection of the reference region size and location on the STC spectrum in 10 subjects with malignant breast tumors. Referencing from both contralateral and ipsilateral sides was performed. Regardless of the referencing, we are able to obtain consistent high contrast images of malignant lesions using the STC with less than 13% deviation. These results suggest that the STC measurements are independent of any type, location, and amount of normal breast tissue used for referencing. This confirms the initial assumption of the SRDS analysis, that there are specific tumor components in cancer that do not exist in normal tissue. This also indicates that bilateral measurements are not required for lesion identification using the STC method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Leproux
- University of California, Irvine, Beckman Laser Institute, Irvine, California 92612, USA
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