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Han GM, Liu B, Wang CY, Wang DX, Li QN, Cai QL, Kong DM. Diagnosis and Vulnerability Risk Assessment of Atherosclerotic Plaques Using an Amino Acid-Assembled Near-Infrared Ratiometric Nanoprobe. Anal Chem 2024; 96:10380-10390. [PMID: 38860916 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
To reduce the risk of atherosclerotic disease, it is necessary to not only diagnose the presence of atherosclerotic plaques but also assess the vulnerability risk of plaques. Accurate detection of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level at plaque sites represents a reliable way to assess the plaque vulnerability. Herein, through a simple one-pot reaction, two near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent dyes, one is ROS responsive and the other is inert to ROS, are coassembled in an amphiphilic amino acid-assembled nanoparticle. In the prepared NIR fluorescent amino acid nanoparticle (named FANP), the fluorescent properties and ROS-responsive behaviors of the two fluorescent dyes are well maintained. Surface camouflage through red blood cell membrane (RBCM) encapsulation endows the finally obtained FANP@RBCM nanoprobe with not only further reduced cytotoxicity and improved biocompatibility but also increased immune escape capability, prolonged blood circulation time, and thus enhanced accumulation at atherosclerotic plaque sites. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate that FANP@RBCM not only works well in probing the occurrence of atherosclerotic plaques but also enables plaque vulnerability assessment through the accurate detection of the ROS level at plaque sites in a reliable ratiometric mode, thereby holding great promise as a versatile tool for the diagnosis and risk assessment of atherosclerotic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Mei Han
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu Normal University, Jinan 250200, P. R. China
| | - Bo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Chen-Yu Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Dong-Xia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Qing-Nan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Qi-Liang Cai
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - De-Ming Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
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Ji M, Wei Y, Ye Z, Hong X, Yu X, Du R, Li Q, Sun W, Liu D. In Vivo Fluorescent Labeling of Foam Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Circulating Biomarkers for In Vitro Detection of Atherosclerosis. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:10093-10102. [PMID: 38545938 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c01173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Real-time monitoring of the development of atherosclerosis (AS) is key to the management of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, existing laboratory approaches lack sensitivity and specificity, mostly due to the dearth of reliable AS biomarkers. Herein, we developed an in vivo fluorescent labeling strategy that allows specific staining of the foam cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) in atherosclerotic plaques, which are released into the blood as circulating biomarkers for in vitro detection of AS. This strategy relies on a self-assembled nanoprobe that could recognize foam cells specifically, where the probe is degraded by the intracellular HClO to produce a trifluoromethyl-bearing boron-dipyrromethene fluorophore (termed B-CF3), a lipophilic dye that can be transferred to the exosomal membranes. These circulating B-CF3-stained EVs can be detected directly on a fluorescence spectrometer or microplate reader without resorting to any sophisticated analytical method. This liquid-biopsy format enables early detection and real-time differentiation of lesion vulnerability during AS progression, facilitating effective CVD management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moxuan Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Centers for Cell Responses and New Organic Matter, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yongchun Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Centers for Cell Responses and New Organic Matter, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhuo Ye
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Xiaoqin Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Centers for Cell Responses and New Organic Matter, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Centers for Cell Responses and New Organic Matter, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Rui Du
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Centers for Cell Responses and New Organic Matter, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Centers for Cell Responses and New Organic Matter, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Dingbin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Centers for Cell Responses and New Organic Matter, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Guimarães J, de Almeida J, Mendes PL, Ferreira MJ, Gonçalves L. Advancements in non-invasive imaging of atherosclerosis: Future perspectives. J Clin Lipidol 2024; 18:e142-e152. [PMID: 38142178 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2023.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the buildup of plaques in arterial walls, leading to cardiovascular diseases and high morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. Non-invasive imaging techniques play a crucial role in evaluating patients with suspected or established atherosclerosis. However, there is a growing body of evidence suggesting the need to visualize the underlying processes of plaque progression and rupture to enhance risk stratification. This review explores recent advancements in non-invasive assessment of atherosclerosis, focusing on computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and nuclear imaging. These advancements provide valuable insights into the assessment and management of atherosclerosis, potentially leading to better risk stratification and improved patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Guimarães
- Cardiology Department, Coimbra's Hospital and University Center, Praceta Mota Pinto, 3000-561 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - José de Almeida
- Cardiology Department, Coimbra's Hospital and University Center, Praceta Mota Pinto, 3000-561 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paulo Lázaro Mendes
- Cardiology Department, Coimbra's Hospital and University Center, Praceta Mota Pinto, 3000-561 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria João Ferreira
- Cardiology Department, Coimbra's Hospital and University Center, Praceta Mota Pinto, 3000-561 Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra's University, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Lino Gonçalves
- Cardiology Department, Coimbra's Hospital and University Center, Praceta Mota Pinto, 3000-561 Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra's University, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
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Yuki H, Isselbacher E, Niida T, Suzuki K, Kinoshita D, Fujimoto D, Lee H, McNulty I, Nakamura S, Kakuta T, Jang I. Protruding Aortic Plaque and Coronary Plaque Vulnerability. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e032742. [PMID: 38193293 PMCID: PMC10926811 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.032742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protruding aortic plaque is known to be associated with an increased risk for future cardiac and cerebrovascular events. However, the relationship between protruding aortic plaque and coronary plaque characteristics has not been systematically investigated. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 615 patients who underwent computed tomography angiography, and preintervention optical coherence tomography imaging were included. Coronary plaque characteristics were compared to evaluate coronary plaque vulnerability in patients with protruding aortic plaque on computed tomography angiography. 615 patients, the 186 (30.2%) patients with protruding aortic plaque were older and had more comorbidities such as hypertension, chronic kidney disease, and a prior myocardial infarction than those without. They also had a higher prevalence of coronary plaques with vulnerable features such as thin-cap fibroatheroma (85 [45.7%] versus 120 [28.0%], P<0.001), lipid-rich plaque (165 [88.7%] versus 346 [80.7%], P=0.014), macrophages (147 [79.0%] versus 294 [68.5%], P=0.008), layered plaque (117 [62.9%] versus 213 [49.7%], P=0.002), and plaque rupture (96 [51.6%] versus 111 [25.9%], P<0.001). Patients with protruding aortic plaque experienced more major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events, including all-cause mortality, nonfatal acute coronary syndromes, and stroke (27 [14.7%] versus 21 [4.9%], P<0.001; 8 [4.3%] versus 1 [0.2%], P<0.001; 5 [2.7%] versus 3 [0.7%], P=0.030; and 5 [2.7%] versus 2 [0.5%], P=0.013, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The current study demonstrates that patients with protruding aortic plaque have more features of coronary plaque vulnerability and are at increased risk of future adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruhito Yuki
- Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Eric Isselbacher
- Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Takayuki Niida
- Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Keishi Suzuki
- Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Daisuke Kinoshita
- Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Daichi Fujimoto
- Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Hang Lee
- Biostatistics Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Iris McNulty
- Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Sunao Nakamura
- Interventional Cardiology Unit, New Tokyo HospitalChibaJapan
| | - Tsunekazu Kakuta
- Department of Cardiology, Tsuchiura Kyodo General HospitalTsuchiura, IbarakiJapan
| | - Ik‐Kyung Jang
- Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
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Nadel J, Wang X, Saha P, Bongers A, Tumanov S, Giannotti N, Chen W, Vigder N, Chowdhury MM, da Cruz GL, Velasco C, Prieto C, Jabbour A, Botnar RM, Stocker R, Phinikaridou A. Molecular magnetic resonance imaging of myeloperoxidase activity identifies culprit lesions and predicts future atherothrombosis. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL. IMAGING METHODS AND PRACTICE 2024; 2:qyae004. [PMID: 38370393 PMCID: PMC10870993 DOI: 10.1093/ehjimp/qyae004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Aims Unstable atherosclerotic plaques have increased activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO). We examined whether molecular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of intraplaque MPO activity predicts future atherothrombosis in rabbits and correlates with ruptured human atheroma. Methods and results Plaque MPO activity was assessed in vivo in rabbits (n = 12) using the MPO-gadolinium (Gd) probe at 8 and 12 weeks after induction of atherosclerosis and before pharmacological triggering of atherothrombosis. Excised plaques were used to confirm MPO activity by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MSMS) and to determine MPO distribution by histology. MPO activity was higher in plaques that caused post-trigger atherothrombosis than plaques that did not. Among the in vivo MRI metrics, the plaques' R1 relaxation rate after administration of MPO-Gd was the best predictor of atherothrombosis. MPO activity measured in human carotid endarterectomy specimens (n = 30) by MPO-Gd-enhanced MRI was correlated with in vivo patient MRI and histological plaque phenotyping, as well as LC-MSMS. MPO-Gd retention measured as the change in R1 relaxation from baseline was significantly greater in histologic and MRI-graded American Heart Association (AHA) type VI than type III-V plaques. This association was confirmed by comparing AHA grade to MPO activity determined by LC-MSMS. Conclusion We show that elevated intraplaque MPO activity detected by molecular MRI employing MPO-Gd predicts future atherothrombosis in a rabbit model and detects ruptured human atheroma, strengthening the translational potential of this approach to prospectively detect high-risk atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Nadel
- Heart Research Institute, Arterial Inflammation and Redox Biology Group, 7 Eliza St, Newtown, Sydney, NSW 2042, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, St Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Prakash Saha
- Academic Department of Surgery, Cardiovascular Division, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - André Bongers
- Biological Resources Imaging Laboratory, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sergey Tumanov
- Heart Research Institute, Arterial Inflammation and Redox Biology Group, 7 Eliza St, Newtown, Sydney, NSW 2042, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicola Giannotti
- Medical Imaging Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Weiyu Chen
- Heart Research Institute, Arterial Inflammation and Redox Biology Group, 7 Eliza St, Newtown, Sydney, NSW 2042, Australia
| | - Niv Vigder
- Heart Research Institute, Arterial Inflammation and Redox Biology Group, 7 Eliza St, Newtown, Sydney, NSW 2042, Australia
| | | | | | - Carlos Velasco
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Claudia Prieto
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrew Jabbour
- Department of Cardiology, St Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - René M Botnar
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Santiago, Chile
- King’s BHF Centre of Research Excellence, London, UK
| | - Roland Stocker
- Heart Research Institute, Arterial Inflammation and Redox Biology Group, 7 Eliza St, Newtown, Sydney, NSW 2042, Australia
| | - Alkystis Phinikaridou
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
- King’s BHF Centre of Research Excellence, London, UK
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Nienhaus F, Walz M, Rothe M, Jahn A, Pfeiler S, Busch L, Stern M, Heiss C, Vornholz L, Cames S, Cramer M, Schrauwen-Hinderling V, Gerdes N, Temme S, Roden M, Flögel U, Kelm M, Bönner F. Quantitative assessment of angioplasty-induced vascular inflammation with 19F cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2023; 25:54. [PMID: 37784080 PMCID: PMC10546783 DOI: 10.1186/s12968-023-00964-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrophages play a pivotal role in vascular inflammation and predict cardiovascular complications. Fluorine-19 magnetic resonance imaging (19F MRI) with intravenously applied perfluorocarbon allows a background-free direct quantification of macrophage abundance in experimental vascular disease models in mice. Recently, perfluorooctyl bromide-nanoemulsion (PFOB-NE) was applied to effectively image macrophage infiltration in a pig model of myocardial infarction using clinical MRI scanners. In the present proof-of-concept approach, we aimed to non-invasively image monocyte/macrophage infiltration in response to carotid artery angioplasty in pigs using 19F MRI to assess early inflammatory response to mechanical injury. METHODS In eight minipigs, two different types of vascular injury were conducted: a mild injury employing balloon oversize angioplasty only (BA, n = 4) and a severe injury provoked by BA in combination with endothelial denudation (BA + ECDN, n = 4). PFOB-NE was administered intravenously three days after injury followed by 1H and 19F MRI to assess vascular inflammatory burden at day six. Vascular response to mechanical injury was validated using X-ray angiography, intravascular ultrasound and immunohistology in at least 10 segments per carotid artery. RESULTS Angioplasty was successfully induced in all eight pigs. Response to injury was characterized by positive remodeling with predominantly adventitial wall thickening and concomitant infiltration of monocytes/macrophages. No severe adverse reactions were observed following PFOB-NE administration. In vivo 19F signals were only detected in the four pigs following BA + ECDN with a robust signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 14.7 ± 4.8. Ex vivo analysis revealed a linear correlation of 19F SNR to local monocyte/macrophage cell density. Minimum detection limit of infiltrated monocytes/macrophages was estimated at approximately 410 cells/mm2. CONCLUSIONS In this proof-of-concept study, 19F MRI enabled quantification of monocyte/macrophage infiltration after vascular injury with sufficient sensitivity. This may provide the opportunity to non-invasively monitor vascular inflammation with MRI in patients after angioplasty or even in atherosclerotic plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Nienhaus
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Moritz Walz
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Maik Rothe
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Annika Jahn
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Central Animal Research Facility, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Susanne Pfeiler
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lucas Busch
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Manuel Stern
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christian Heiss
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Guildford, UK
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, Redhill, UK
| | - Lilian Vornholz
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sandra Cames
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Mareike Cramer
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Vera Schrauwen-Hinderling
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Norbert Gerdes
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sebastian Temme
- Experimental Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Molecular Cardiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Experimental Anesthesiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ulrich Flögel
- Experimental Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Molecular Cardiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Malte Kelm
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Florian Bönner
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Maxouri O, Bodalal Z, Daal M, Rostami S, Rodriguez I, Akkari L, Srinivas M, Bernards R, Beets-Tan R. How to 19F MRI: applications, technique, and getting started. BJR Open 2023; 5:20230019. [PMID: 37953866 PMCID: PMC10636348 DOI: 10.1259/bjro.20230019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays a significant role in the routine imaging workflow, providing both anatomical and functional information. 19F MRI is an evolving imaging modality where instead of 1H, 19F nuclei are excited. As the signal from endogenous 19F in the body is negligible, exogenous 19F signals obtained by 19F radiofrequency coils are exceptionally specific. Highly fluorinated agents targeting particular biological processes (i.e., the presence of immune cells) have been visualised using 19F MRI, highlighting its potential for non-invasive and longitudinal molecular imaging. This article aims to provide both a broad overview of the various applications of 19F MRI, with cancer imaging as a focus, as well as a practical guide to 19F imaging. We will discuss the essential elements of a 19F system and address common pitfalls during acquisition. Last but not least, we will highlight future perspectives that will enhance the role of this modality. While not an exhaustive exploration of all 19F literature, we endeavour to encapsulate the broad themes of the field and introduce the world of 19F molecular imaging to newcomers. 19F MRI bridges several domains, imaging, physics, chemistry, and biology, necessitating multidisciplinary teams to be able to harness this technology effectively. As further technical developments allow for greater sensitivity, we envision that 19F MRI can help unlock insight into biological processes non-invasively and longitudinally.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Leila Akkari
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - René Bernards
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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8
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van Heeswijk RB, Bauer WR, Bönner F, Janjic JM, Mulder WJM, Schreiber LM, Schwitter J, Flögel U. Cardiovascular Molecular Imaging With Fluorine-19 MRI: The Road to the Clinic. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2023; 16:e014742. [PMID: 37725674 DOI: 10.1161/circimaging.123.014742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Fluorine-19 (19F) magnetic resonance imaging is a unique quantitative molecular imaging modality that makes use of an injectable fluorine-containing tracer that generates the only visible 19F signal in the body. This hot spot imaging technique has recently been used to characterize a wide array of cardiovascular diseases and seen a broad range of technical improvements. Concurrently, its potential to be translated to the clinical setting is being explored. This review provides an overview of this emerging field and demonstrates its diagnostic potential, which shows promise for clinical translation. We will describe 19F magnetic resonance imaging hardware, pulse sequences, and tracers, followed by an overview of cardiovascular applications. Finally, the challenges on the road to clinical translation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruud B van Heeswijk
- Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Switzerland (R.B.v.H.)
| | - Wolfgang R Bauer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Germany (W.R.B.)
| | - Florian Bönner
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Germany (F.B.)
| | - Jelena M Janjic
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA (J.M.J.)
| | - Willem J M Mulder
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biochemical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, the Netherlands (W.J.M.M.)
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (W.J.M.M.)
| | - Laura M Schreiber
- Chair of Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC), Wuerzburg University Hospitals, Germany (L.M.S.)
| | - Juerg Schwitter
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Department (J.S.), Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Switzerland
- CMR Center (J.S.), Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Switzerland
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Switzerland (J.S.)
| | - Ulrich Flögel
- Experimental Cardiovascular Imaging (U.F.), Heinrich Heine University, Germany
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID) (U.F.), Heinrich Heine University, Germany
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9
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19F-MRT basierte Visualisierung von entzündlichen Prozessen im Gefäßsystem. GEFÄSSCHIRURGIE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00772-022-00947-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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10
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Croci D, Santalla Méndez R, Temme S, Soukup K, Fournier N, Zomer A, Colotti R, Wischnewski V, Flögel U, van Heeswijk RB, Joyce JA. Multispectral fluorine-19 MRI enables longitudinal and noninvasive monitoring of tumor-associated macrophages. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabo2952. [PMID: 36260692 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abo2952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
High-grade gliomas, the most common and aggressive primary brain tumors, are characterized by a complex tumor microenvironment (TME). Among the immune cells infiltrating the glioma TME, tumor-associated microglia and macrophages (TAMs) constitute the major compartment. In patients with gliomas, increased TAM abundance is associated with more aggressive disease. Alterations in TAM phenotypes and functions have been reported in preclinical models of multiple cancers during tumor development and after therapeutic interventions, including radiotherapy and molecular targeted therapies. These findings indicate that it is crucial to evaluate TAM abundance and dynamics over time. Current techniques to quantify TAMs in patients rely mainly on histological staining of tumor biopsies. Although informative, these techniques require an invasive procedure to harvest the tissue sample and typically only result in a snapshot of a small region at a single point in time. Fluorine isotope 19 MRI (19F MRI) represents a powerful means to noninvasively and longitudinally monitor myeloid cells in pathological conditions by intravenously injecting perfluorocarbon-containing nanoparticles (PFC-NP). In this study, we demonstrated the feasibility and power of 19F MRI in preclinical models of gliomagenesis, breast-to-brain metastasis, and breast cancer and showed that the major cellular source of 19F signal consists of TAMs. Moreover, multispectral 19F MRI with two different PFC-NP allowed us to identify spatially and temporally distinct TAM niches in radiotherapy-recurrent murine gliomas. Together, we have imaged TAMs noninvasively and longitudinally with integrated cellular, spatial, and temporal resolution, thus revealing important biological insights into the critical functions of TAMs, including in disease recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Croci
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland.,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland.,Agora Cancer Research Center, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland
| | - Rui Santalla Méndez
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland.,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland.,Agora Cancer Research Center, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Temme
- Department of Anesthesiology, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany.,Experimental Cardiovascular Imaging, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Klara Soukup
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland.,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland.,Agora Cancer Research Center, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland
| | - Nadine Fournier
- Agora Cancer Research Center, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland.,Bioinformatics Core Facility, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland
| | - Anoek Zomer
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland.,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland.,Agora Cancer Research Center, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland
| | - Roberto Colotti
- In Vivo Imaging Facility (IVIF), Department of Research and Training, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland
| | - Vladimir Wischnewski
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland.,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland.,Agora Cancer Research Center, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland
| | - Ulrich Flögel
- Experimental Cardiovascular Imaging, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany.,Institute for Molecular Cardiology, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Ruud B van Heeswijk
- Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland
| | - Johanna A Joyce
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland.,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland.,Agora Cancer Research Center, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland
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11
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Ye Z, Ji M, Wu K, Yang J, Liu AA, Sun W, Ding D, Liu D. In-Sequence High-Specificity Dual-Reporter Unlocking of Fluorescent Probe Enables the Precise Identification of Atherosclerotic Plaques. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202204518. [PMID: 35460326 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202204518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The formation of atherosclerotic plaques is the root cause of various cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Effective CVD interventions thus call for precise identification of the plaques to aid clinical assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of such diseases. In this study, we introduce a dual-target sequentially activated fluorescence reporting system, termed in-sequence high-specificity dual-reporter unlocking (iSHERLOCK), to precisely identify the atherosclerotic plaques in vivo and ex vivo. ISHERLOCK was achieved by creating a three-in-one fluorescent probe that permits highly specific and sensitive detection of lipid droplets and hypochlorous acid via "off-on" and ratiometric readouts, respectively. Based on this format, the upregulated lipid accumulation and oxidative stress-the two hallmarks of atherosclerosis (AS)-were specifically measured in the atherosclerotic plaques, breaking through the barrier of precise tissue biopsy of AS and thus aiding effective CVD stewardship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, and Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Moxuan Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, and Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Kefeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, and Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, and Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - An-An Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, and Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Dan Ding
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Dingbin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, and Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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12
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Ye Z, Ji M, Wu K, Yang J, Liu A, Sun W, Ding D, Liu D. In‐Sequence High‐Specificity Dual‐Reporter Unlocking of Fluorescent Probe Enables the Precise Identification of Atherosclerotic Plaques. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202204518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology Research Center for Analytical Sciences Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Biosensing and Institute of Polymer Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Moxuan Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology Research Center for Analytical Sciences Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Biosensing and Institute of Polymer Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Kefeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology Research Center for Analytical Sciences Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Biosensing and Institute of Polymer Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology Research Center for Analytical Sciences Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Biosensing and Institute of Polymer Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - An‐An Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology Research Center for Analytical Sciences Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Biosensing and Institute of Polymer Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Cardiology the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 210029 China
| | - Dan Ding
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for the Ministry of Education College of Life Sciences Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Dingbin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology Research Center for Analytical Sciences Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Biosensing and Institute of Polymer Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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13
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Chen W, Schilperoort M, Cao Y, Shi J, Tabas I, Tao W. Macrophage-targeted nanomedicine for the diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerosis. Nat Rev Cardiol 2022; 19:228-249. [PMID: 34759324 PMCID: PMC8580169 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-021-00629-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 92.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology could improve our understanding of the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and contribute to the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies to further reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. Macrophages have key roles in atherosclerosis progression and, therefore, macrophage-associated pathological processes are important targets for both diagnostic imaging and novel therapies for atherosclerosis. In this Review, we highlight efforts in the past two decades to develop imaging techniques and to therapeutically manipulate macrophages in atherosclerotic plaques with the use of rationally designed nanoparticles. We review the latest progress in nanoparticle-based imaging modalities that can specifically target macrophages. Using novel molecular imaging technology, these modalities enable the identification of advanced atherosclerotic plaques and the assessment of the therapeutic efficacy of medical interventions. Additionally, we provide novel perspectives on how macrophage-targeting nanoparticles can deliver a broad range of therapeutic payloads to atherosclerotic lesions. These nanoparticles can suppress pro-atherogenic macrophage processes, leading to improved resolution of inflammation and stabilization of plaques. Finally, we propose future opportunities for novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies and provide solutions to challenges in this area for the purpose of accelerating the clinical translation of nanomedicine for the treatment of atherosclerotic vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anaesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maaike Schilperoort
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yihai Cao
- Department of Microbiology, Tumour and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jinjun Shi
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anaesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Ira Tabas
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Wei Tao
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anaesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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14
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Flögel U, Temme S, Jacoby C, Oerther T, Keul P, Flocke V, Wang X, Bönner F, Nienhaus F, Peter K, Schrader J, Grandoch M, Kelm M, Levkau B. Multi-targeted 1H/ 19F MRI unmasks specific danger patterns for emerging cardiovascular disorders. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5847. [PMID: 34615876 PMCID: PMC8494909 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26146-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Prediction of the transition from stable to acute coronary syndromes driven by vascular inflammation, thrombosis with subsequent microembolization, and vessel occlusion leading to irreversible myocardial damage is still an unsolved problem. Here, we introduce a multi-targeted and multi-color nanotracer platform technology that simultaneously visualizes evolving danger patterns in the development of progressive coronary inflammation and atherothrombosis prior to spontaneous myocardial infarction in mice. Individual ligand-equipped perfluorocarbon nanoemulsions are used as targeting agents and are differentiated by their specific spectral signatures via implementation of multi chemical shift selective 19F MRI. Thereby, we are able to identify areas at high risk of and predictive for consecutive development of myocardial infarction, at a time when no conventional parameter indicates any imminent danger. The principle of this multi-targeted approach can easily be adapted to monitor also a variety of other disease entities and constitutes a technology with disease-predictive potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Flögel
- Experimental Cardiovascular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- Department of Cardiology, Pneumology and Angiology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Temme
- Experimental Cardiovascular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Pneumology and Angiology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Anesthesiology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christoph Jacoby
- Experimental Cardiovascular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Pneumology and Angiology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Petra Keul
- Institute of Molecular Medicine III, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Vera Flocke
- Experimental Cardiovascular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Florian Bönner
- Department of Cardiology, Pneumology and Angiology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Fabian Nienhaus
- Department of Cardiology, Pneumology and Angiology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Jürgen Schrader
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Pneumology and Angiology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Maria Grandoch
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Malte Kelm
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Pneumology and Angiology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bodo Levkau
- Institute of Molecular Medicine III, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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15
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Murray JM, Pfeffer P, Seifert R, Hermann A, Handke J, Kummer L, Janssen H, Weigand MA, Schlemmer HP, Larmann J, Kleesiek J. Vesseg: An Open-Source Tool for Deep Learning-Based Atherosclerotic Plaque Quantification in Histopathology Images-Brief Report. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:2516-2522. [PMID: 34380331 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.316124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Manual plaque segmentation in microscopy images is a time-consuming process in atherosclerosis research and potentially subject to unacceptable user-to-user variability and observer bias. We address this by releasing Vesseg a tool that includes state-of-the-art deep learning models for atherosclerotic plaque segmentation. Approach and Results: Vesseg is a containerized, extensible, open-source, and user-oriented tool. It includes 2 models, trained and tested on 1089 hematoxylin-eosin stained mouse model atherosclerotic brachiocephalic artery sections. The models were compared to 3 human raters. Vesseg can be accessed at https://vesseg .online or downloaded. The models show mean Soerensen-Dice scores of 0.91+/-0.15 for plaque and 0.97+/-0.08 for lumen pixels. The mean accuracy is 0.98+/-0.05. Vesseg is already in active use, generating time savings of >10 minutes per slide. Conclusions: Vesseg brings state-of-the-art deep learning methods to atherosclerosis research, providing drastic time savings, while allowing for continuous improvement of models and the underlying pipeline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob M Murray
- Department of Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (J.M.M., H.-P.S., J.K.)
- Heidelberg University, Germany (J.M.M.)
- Institute for AI in Medicine (IKIM), University Medicine Essen, Germany (J.M.M., J.K.)
| | - Phillip Pfeffer
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Heidelberg, Germany (P.P., A.H., J.H., L.K., H.J., M.A.W., J.L.)
| | - Robert Seifert
- Cancer Research Center Cologne Essen (CCCE), West German Cancer Center Essen, Germany (R.S., J.K.)
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany (R.S.)
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Germany (R.S.)
| | - Alexander Hermann
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Heidelberg, Germany (P.P., A.H., J.H., L.K., H.J., M.A.W., J.L.)
| | - Jessica Handke
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Heidelberg, Germany (P.P., A.H., J.H., L.K., H.J., M.A.W., J.L.)
| | - Laura Kummer
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Heidelberg, Germany (P.P., A.H., J.H., L.K., H.J., M.A.W., J.L.)
| | - Henrike Janssen
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Heidelberg, Germany (P.P., A.H., J.H., L.K., H.J., M.A.W., J.L.)
| | - Markus A Weigand
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Heidelberg, Germany (P.P., A.H., J.H., L.K., H.J., M.A.W., J.L.)
| | - Heinz-Peter Schlemmer
- Department of Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (J.M.M., H.-P.S., J.K.)
| | - Jan Larmann
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Heidelberg, Germany (P.P., A.H., J.H., L.K., H.J., M.A.W., J.L.)
| | - Jens Kleesiek
- Department of Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (J.M.M., H.-P.S., J.K.)
- Institute for AI in Medicine (IKIM), University Medicine Essen, Germany (J.M.M., J.K.)
- Cancer Research Center Cologne Essen (CCCE), West German Cancer Center Essen, Germany (R.S., J.K.)
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16
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Darçot E, Yerly J, Hilbert T, Colotti R, Najdenovska E, Kober T, Stuber M, van Heeswijk RB. Compressed sensing with signal averaging for improved sensitivity and motion artifact reduction in fluorine-19 MRI. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 34:e4418. [PMID: 33002268 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fluorine-19 (19 F) MRI of injected perfluorocarbon emulsions (PFCs) allows for the non-invasive quantification of inflammation and cell tracking, but suffers from a low signal-to-noise ratio and extended scan time. To address this limitation, we tested the hypotheses that a 19 F MRI pulse sequence that combines a specific undersampling regime with signal averaging has both increased sensitivity and robustness against motion artifacts compared with a non-averaged fully sampled pulse sequence, when both datasets are reconstructed with compressed sensing. As a proof of principle, numerical simulations and phantom experiments were performed on selected variable ranges to characterize the point spread function of undersampling patterns, as well as the vulnerability to noise of undersampling and reconstruction parameters with paired numbers of x signal averages and acceleration factor x (NAx-AFx). The numerical simulations demonstrated that a probability density function that uses 25% of the samples to fully sample the k-space central area allowed for an optimal balance between limited blurring and artifact incoherence. At all investigated noise levels, the Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) strongly depended on the regularization parameters and acceleration factor. In phantoms, the motion robustness of an NA8-AF8 undersampling pattern versus NA1-AF1 was evaluated with simulated and real motion patterns. Differences were assessed with the DSC, which was consistently higher for the NA8-AF8 compared with the NA1-AF1 strategy, for both simulated and real cyclic motion patterns (P < 0.001). Both strategies were validated in vivo in mice (n = 2) injected with perfluoropolyether. Here, the images displayed a sharper delineation of the liver with the NA8-AF8 strategy than with the NA1-AF1 strategy. In conclusion, we validated the hypotheses that in 19 F MRI the combination of undersampling and averaging improves both the sensitivity and the robustness against motion artifacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emeline Darçot
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Yerly
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Lausanne and Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Tom Hilbert
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology (HC CMEA SUI DI PI), Siemens Healthcare AG, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Signal Processing Laboratory 5 (LTS5), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Roberto Colotti
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Elena Najdenovska
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Lausanne and Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Kober
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology (HC CMEA SUI DI PI), Siemens Healthcare AG, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Signal Processing Laboratory 5 (LTS5), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Stuber
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Lausanne and Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ruud B van Heeswijk
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Lausanne and Geneva, Switzerland
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17
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Wu L, Liu F, Liu S, Xu X, Liu Z, Sun X. Perfluorocarbons-Based 19F Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Biomedicine. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:7377-7395. [PMID: 33061385 PMCID: PMC7537992 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s255084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorine-19 (19F) magnetic resonance (MR) molecular imaging is a promising noninvasive and quantitative molecular imaging approach with intensive research due to the high sensitivity and low endogenous background signal of the 19F atom in vivo. Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) have been used as blood substitutes since 1970s. More recently, a variety of PFC nanoparticles have been designed for the detection and imaging of physiological and pathological changes. These molecular imaging probes have been developed to label cells, target specific epitopes in tumors, monitor the prognosis and therapy efficacy and quantitate characterization of tumors and changes in tumor microenvironment noninvasively, therefore, significantly improving the prognosis and therapy efficacy. Herein, we discuss the recent development and applications of 19F MR techniques with PFC nanoparticles in biomedicine, with particular emphasis on ligand-targeted and quantitative 19F MR imaging approaches for tumor detection, oxygenation measurement, smart stimulus response and therapy efficacy monitoring, et al.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Wu
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Probe and Targeted Theranostics, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRC), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150028, People's Republic of China.,TOF-PET/CT/MR Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150028, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Liu
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Probe and Targeted Theranostics, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRC), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150028, People's Republic of China.,Department of Medical Imaging, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150028, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Liu
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Probe and Targeted Theranostics, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRC), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150028, People's Republic of China.,TOF-PET/CT/MR Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150028, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuan Xu
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Probe and Targeted Theranostics, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRC), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150028, People's Republic of China.,Department of Medical Imaging, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150028, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoxi Liu
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Probe and Targeted Theranostics, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRC), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150028, People's Republic of China.,TOF-PET/CT/MR Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150028, People's Republic of China
| | - Xilin Sun
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Probe and Targeted Theranostics, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRC), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150028, People's Republic of China.,TOF-PET/CT/MR Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150028, People's Republic of China
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18
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In vivo clearance of 19F MRI imaging nanocarriers is strongly influenced by nanoparticle ultrastructure. Biomaterials 2020; 261:120307. [PMID: 32927288 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorocarbons hold great promise both as imaging agents, particularly for 19F MRI, and in therapy, such as oxygen delivery. 19F MRI is unique in its ability to unambiguously track and quantify a tracer while maintaining anatomic context, and without the use of ionizing radiation. This is particularly well-suited for inflammation imaging and quantitative cell tracking. However, perfluorocarbons, which are best suited for imaging - like perfluoro-15-crown-5 ether (PFCE) - tend to have extremely long biological retention. Here, we showed that the use of a multi-core PLGA nanoparticle entrapping PFCE allows for a 15-fold reduction of half-life in vivo compared to what is reported in literature. This unexpected rapid decrease in 19F signal was observed in liver, spleen and within the infarcted region after myocardial infarction and was confirmed by whole body NMR spectroscopy. We demonstrate that the fast clearance is due to disassembly of the ~200 nm nanoparticle into ~30 nm domains that remain soluble and are cleared quickly. We show here that the nanoparticle ultrastructure has a direct impact on in vivo clearance of its cargo i.e. allowing fast release of PFCE, and therefore also bringing the possibility of multifunctional nanoparticle-based imaging to translational imaging, therapy and diagnostics.
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19
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Bouvain P, Temme S, Flögel U. Hot spot 19 F magnetic resonance imaging of inflammation. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 12:e1639. [PMID: 32380579 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Among the preclinical molecular imaging approaches, lately fluorine (19 F) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has garnered significant scientific interest in the biomedical research community, due to the unique properties of fluorinated materials and the 19 F nucleus. Fluorine is an intrinsically sensitive nucleus for MRI-there is negligible endogenous 19 F in the body and, thus, no background signal which allows the detection of fluorinated materials as "hot spots" by combined 1 H/19 F MRI and renders fluorine-containing molecules as ideal tracers with high specificity. In addition, perfluorocarbons are a family of compounds that exhibit a very high fluorine payload and are biochemically as well as physiologically inert. Perfluorocarbon nanoemulsions (PFCs) are well known to be readily taken up by immunocompetent cells, which can be exploited for the unequivocal identification of inflammatory foci by tracking the recruitment of PFC-loaded immune cells to affected tissues using 1 H/19 F MRI. The required 19 F labeling of immune cells can be accomplished either ex vivo by PFC incubation of isolated endogenous immune cells followed by their re-injection or by intravenous application of PFCs for in situ uptake by circulating immune cells. With both approaches, inflamed tissues can unambiguously be detected via background-free 19 F signals due to trafficking of PFC-loaded immune cells to affected organs. To extend 19 F MRI tracking beyond cells with phagocytic properties, the PFC surface can further be equipped with distinct ligands to generate specificity against epitopes and/or types of immune cells independent of phagocytosis. Recent developments also allow for concurrent detection of different PFCs with distinct spectral signatures allowing the simultaneous visualization of several targets, such as various immune cell subtypes labeled with these PFCs. Since ligands and targets can easily be adapted to a variety of problems, this approach provides a general and versatile platform for inflammation imaging which will strongly extend the frontiers of molecular MRI. This article is categorized under: Diagnostic Tools > in vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Cardiovascular Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Bouvain
- Experimental Cardiovascular Imaging, Molecular Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sebastian Temme
- Experimental Cardiovascular Imaging, Molecular Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ulrich Flögel
- Experimental Cardiovascular Imaging, Molecular Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Qiao R, Huang X, Qin Y, Li Y, Davis TP, Hagemeyer CE, Gao M. Recent advances in molecular imaging of atherosclerotic plaques and thrombosis. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:8040-8064. [PMID: 32239038 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr00599a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
As the complications of atherosclerosis such as myocardial infarction and stroke are still one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, the development of new diagnostic tools for the early detection of plaque instability and thrombosis is urgently needed. Advanced molecular imaging probes based on functional nanomaterials in combination with cutting edge imaging techniques are now paving the way for novel and unique approaches to monitor the inflammatory progress in atherosclerosis. This review focuses on the development of various molecular probes for the diagnosis of plaques and thrombosis in atherosclerosis, along with perspectives of their diagnostic applications in cardiovascular diseases. Specifically, we summarize the biological targets that can be used for atherosclerosis and thrombosis imaging. Then we describe the emerging molecular imaging techniques based on the utilization of engineered nanoprobes together with their challenges in clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruirui Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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21
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Calcagno C, Fayad ZA. Clinical imaging of cardiovascular inflammation. THE QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE ITALIAN ASSOCIATION OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE (AIMN) [AND] THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF RADIOPHARMACOLOGY (IAR), [AND] SECTION OF THE SOCIETY OF RADIOPHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2020; 64:74-84. [PMID: 32077666 DOI: 10.23736/s1824-4785.20.03228-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease due to atherosclerosis is the number one cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In the past twenty years, compelling preclinical and clinical data have indicated that a maladaptive inflammatory response plays a crucial role in the development of atherosclerosis initiation and progression in the vasculature, all the way to the onset of life-threatening cardiovascular events. Furthermore, inflammation is key to heart and brain damage and healing after myocardial infarction or stroke. Recent evidence indicates that this interplay between the vasculature, organs target of ischemia and the immune system is mediated by the activation of hematopoietic organs (bone marrow and spleen). In this evolving landscape, non-invasive imaging is becoming more and more essential to support either mechanistic preclinical studies to investigate the role of inflammation in cardiovascular disease (CVD), or as a translational tool to quantify inflammation in the cardiovascular system and hematopoietic organs in patients. In this review paper, we will describe the clinical applications of non-invasive imaging to quantify inflammation in the vasculature, infarcted heart and brain, and hematopoietic organs in patients with cardiovascular disease, with specific focus on [18F]FDG PET and other novel inflammation-specific radiotracers. Furthermore, we will briefly describe the most recent clinical applications of other imaging techniques such as MRI, SPECT, CT, CEUS and OCT in this arena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Calcagno
- BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zahi A Fayad
- BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA - .,Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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22
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Wüst RCI, Calcagno C, Daal MRR, Nederveen AJ, Coolen BF, Strijkers GJ. Emerging Magnetic Resonance Imaging Techniques for Atherosclerosis Imaging. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 39:841-849. [PMID: 30917678 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a prevalent disease affecting a large portion of the population at one point in their lives. There is an unmet need for noninvasive diagnostics to identify and characterize at-risk plaque phenotypes noninvasively and in vivo, to improve the stratification of patients with cardiovascular disease, and for treatment evaluation. Magnetic resonance imaging is uniquely positioned to address these diagnostic needs. However, currently available magnetic resonance imaging methods for vessel wall imaging lack sufficient discriminative and predictive power to guide the individual patient needs. To address this challenge, physicists are pushing the boundaries of magnetic resonance atherosclerosis imaging to increase image resolution, provide improved quantitative evaluation of plaque constituents, and obtain readouts of disease activity such as inflammation. Here, we review some of these important developments, with specific focus on emerging applications using high-field magnetic resonance imaging, the use of quantitative relaxation parameter mapping for improved plaque characterization, and novel 19F magnetic resonance imaging technology to image plaque inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rob C I Wüst
- From the Biomedical Engineering and Physics (R.C.I.W., M.R.R.D., B.F.C., G.J.S.), Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Claudia Calcagno
- Department of Radiology, Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (C.C., G.J.S.)
| | - Mariah R R Daal
- From the Biomedical Engineering and Physics (R.C.I.W., M.R.R.D., B.F.C., G.J.S.), Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Aart J Nederveen
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (A.J.N.), Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bram F Coolen
- From the Biomedical Engineering and Physics (R.C.I.W., M.R.R.D., B.F.C., G.J.S.), Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gustav J Strijkers
- From the Biomedical Engineering and Physics (R.C.I.W., M.R.R.D., B.F.C., G.J.S.), Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Radiology, Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (C.C., G.J.S.)
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23
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Darçot E, Colotti R, Brennan D, Deuchar GA, Santosh C, van Heeswijk RB. A characterization of ABL-101 as a potential tracer for clinical fluorine-19 MRI. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2020; 33:e4212. [PMID: 31724252 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The two main challenges that prevent the translation of fluorine-19 (19 F) MRI for inflammation monitoring or cell tracking into clinical practice are (i) the relatively low signal-to-noise ratio generated by the injected perfluorocarbon (PFC), which necessitates long scan times, and (ii) the need for regulatory approval and a high biocompatibility of PFCs that are also suitable for MRI. ABL-101, an emulsion of perfluoro(t-butylcyclohexane), is a third-generation PFC that is already used in clinical trials, but has not yet been used for 19 F MRI. The objective of this study was therefore to assess the performance of ABL-101 as a 19 F MRI tracer. At magnetic field strengths of 3, 9.4 and 14.1 T, the CF3 groups of ABL-101 generated a large well-separated singlet with T2 /T1 ratios of >0.27, >0.14 and > 0.05, respectively. All relaxation times decreased with the increase in magnetic field strength. The detection limit of ABL-101 in a 0.25 mm3 voxel at 3 T, 37°C and with a 3-minute acquisition time was 7.21mM. After intravenous injection, the clearance half-lives of the ABL-101 19 F MR signal in mouse (n = 3) spleen and liver were 6.85 ± 0.45 and 3.20 ± 0.35 days, respectively. These results demonstrate that ABL-101 has 19 F MR characteristics that are similar to those of PFCs developed specifically for MRI, while it has clearance half-lives similar to PFCs that have previously been used in large doses in non-MRI clinical trials. Overall, ABL-101 is thus a very promising candidate tracer for future clinical trials that use 19 F MRI for cell tracking or the monitoring of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emeline Darçot
- Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Roberto Colotti
- Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - David Brennan
- Department of Neuroradiology, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
- Aurum Biosciences Ltd, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Celestine Santosh
- Department of Neuroradiology, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
- Aurum Biosciences Ltd, Glasgow, UK
| | - Ruud B van Heeswijk
- Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Lausanne and Geneva, Switzerland
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24
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Darçot E, Colotti R, Pellegrin M, Wilson A, Siegert S, Bouzourene K, Yerly J, Mazzolai L, Stuber M, van Heeswijk RB. Towards Quantification of Inflammation in Atherosclerotic Plaque in the Clinic - Characterization and Optimization of Fluorine-19 MRI in Mice at 3 T. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17488. [PMID: 31767900 PMCID: PMC6877590 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53905-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorine-19 (19F) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of injected perfluorocarbons (PFCs) can be used for the quantification and monitoring of inflammation in diseases such as atherosclerosis. To advance the translation of this technique to the clinical setting, we aimed to 1) demonstrate the feasibility of quantitative 19F MRI in small inflammation foci on a clinical scanner, and 2) to characterize the PFC-incorporating leukocyte populations and plaques. To this end, thirteen atherosclerotic apolipoprotein-E-knockout mice received 2 × 200 µL PFC, and were scanned on a 3 T clinical MR system. 19F MR signal was detected in the aortic arch and its branches in all mice, with a signal-to-noise ratio of 11.1 (interquartile range IQR = 9.5–13.1) and a PFC concentration of 1.15 mM (IQR = 0.79–1.28). Imaging flow cytometry was used on another ten animals and indicated that PFC-labeled leukocytes in the aortic arch and it branches were mainly dendritic cells, macrophages and neutrophils (ratio 9:1:1). Finally, immunohistochemistry analysis confirmed the presence of those cells in the plaques. We thus successfully used 19F MRI for the noninvasive quantification of PFC in atherosclerotic plaque in mice on a clinical scanner, demonstrating the feasibility of detecting very small inflammation foci at 3 T, and advancing the translation of 19F MRI to the human setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emeline Darçot
- Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Roberto Colotti
- Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maxime Pellegrin
- Division of Angiology, Heart and Vessel Department, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anne Wilson
- Flow Cytometry Facility, Department of Formation and Research, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Stefanie Siegert
- Flow Cytometry Facility, Department of Formation and Research, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Karima Bouzourene
- Division of Angiology, Heart and Vessel Department, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Yerly
- Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Lausanne and Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Lucia Mazzolai
- Division of Angiology, Heart and Vessel Department, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Stuber
- Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Lausanne and Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ruud B van Heeswijk
- Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
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25
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Saini S, Poelmans J, Korf H, Dooley JL, Liang S, Manshian BB, Verbeke R, Soenen SJ, Vande Velde G, Lentacker I, Lagrou K, Liston A, Gysemans C, De Smedt SC, Himmelreich U. Longitudinal In Vivo Assessment of Host-Microbe Interactions in a Murine Model of Pulmonary Aspergillosis. iScience 2019; 20:184-194. [PMID: 31581067 PMCID: PMC6817634 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The fungus Aspergillus fumigatus is ubiquitous in nature and the most common cause of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) in patients with a compromised immune system. The development of IPA in patients under immunosuppressive treatment or in patients with primary immunodeficiency demonstrates the importance of the host immune response in controlling aspergillosis. However, study of the host-microbe interaction has been hampered by the lack of tools for their non-invasive assessment. We developed a methodology to study the response of the host's immune system against IPA longitudinally in vivo by using fluorine-19 magnetic resonance imaging (19F MRI). We showed the advantage of a perfluorocarbon-based contrast agent for the in vivo labeling of macrophages and dendritic cells, permitting quantification of pulmonary inflammation in different murine IPA models. Our findings reveal the potential of 19F MRI for the assessment of rapid kinetics of innate immune response against IPA and the permissive niche generated through immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Saini
- Biomedical MRI/Molecular Small Animal Imaging Center (MoSAIC), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jennifer Poelmans
- Biomedical MRI/Molecular Small Animal Imaging Center (MoSAIC), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hannelie Korf
- Laboratory of Hepatology, CHROMETA Department, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - James L Dooley
- Laboratory of Genetics of Autoimmunity (VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sayuan Liang
- Biomedical MRI/Molecular Small Animal Imaging Center (MoSAIC), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Philips Research China, Shanghai, China
| | - Bella B Manshian
- Biomedical MRI/Molecular Small Animal Imaging Center (MoSAIC), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rein Verbeke
- Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Stefaan J Soenen
- Biomedical MRI/Molecular Small Animal Imaging Center (MoSAIC), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Greetje Vande Velde
- Biomedical MRI/Molecular Small Animal Imaging Center (MoSAIC), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ine Lentacker
- Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Katrien Lagrou
- Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Adrian Liston
- Laboratory of Genetics of Autoimmunity (VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Conny Gysemans
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Uwe Himmelreich
- Biomedical MRI/Molecular Small Animal Imaging Center (MoSAIC), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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26
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Fluorinated MRI contrast agents and their versatile applications in the biomedical field. Future Med Chem 2019; 11:1157-1175. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2018-0463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
MRI has been recognized as one of the most applied medical imaging techniques in clinical practice. However, the presence of background signal coming from water protons in surrounding tissues makes sometimes the visualization of local contrast agents difficult. To remedy this, fluorine has been introduced as a reliable perspective, thanks to its magnetic properties being relatively close to those of protons. In this review, we aim to give an overall description of fluorine incorporation in contrast agents for MRI. The different kinds of fluorinated probes such as perfluorocarbons, fluorinated dendrimers, polymers and paramagnetic probes will be described, as will their imaging applications such as chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) imaging, physico-chemical changes detection, drug delivery, cell tracking and inflammation or tumors detection.
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27
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A dual 1H/19F birdcage coil for small animals at 7 T MRI. MAGNETIC RESONANCE MATERIALS IN PHYSICS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2019; 32:79-87. [DOI: 10.1007/s10334-018-00733-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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28
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Saini S, Korf H, Liang S, Verbeke R, Manshian B, Raemdonck K, Lentacker I, Gysemans C, De Smedt SC, Himmelreich U. Challenges for labeling and longitudinal tracking of adoptively transferred autoreactive T lymphocytes in an experimental type-1 diabetes model. MAGNETIC RESONANCE MATERIALS IN PHYSICS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2019; 32:295-305. [PMID: 30648196 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-018-0720-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tracking the autoreactive T-cell migration in the pancreatic region after labeling with fluorinated nanoparticles (1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[3-(2-pyridyldithio)propionate]-perfluoro-15-crown-5-ether nanoparticles, PDP-PFCE NPs) in a diabetic murine model using 19F MRI. MATERIALS AND METHODS Synthesis of novel PDP-PFCE fluorine tracer was performed for in vitro labeling of T cells. Labeling conditions were optimized using different PDP-PFCE NPs concentrations. For in vivo 19F MRI, mice were longitudinally followed after adoptive transfer of activated, autoreactive, labeled T cells in NOD.SCID mice. RESULTS Established MR protocols were used for challenging T cell labeling to track inflammation in a model of diabetes after successful labeling of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells with PDP-PFCE NPs. However, T cells were difficult to be detected in vivo after their engraftment in animals. DISCUSSION We showed successful in vitro labeling of T cells using novel fluorinated liposomal nanoparticles. However, insufficient and slow accumulation of labeled T cells and subsequent T cell proliferation in the pancreatic region remains as limitations of in vivo cell imaging by 19F MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Saini
- Biomedical MRI/MoSAIC, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hannelie Korf
- Laboratory of Hepatology, CHROMETA Department, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Rein Verbeke
- Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bella Manshian
- Biomedical MRI/MoSAIC, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Koen Raemdonck
- Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ine Lentacker
- Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Conny Gysemans
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Uwe Himmelreich
- Biomedical MRI/MoSAIC, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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29
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Bouvain P, Flocke V, Krämer W, Schubert R, Schrader J, Flögel U, Temme S. Dissociation of 19F and fluorescence signal upon cellular uptake of dual-contrast perfluorocarbon nanoemulsions. MAGNETIC RESONANCE MATERIALS IN PHYSICS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2018; 32:133-145. [PMID: 30498884 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-018-0723-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Perfluorocarbon nanoemulsions (PFCs) tagged with fluorescence dyes have been intensively used to confirm the in vivo 19F magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) localization of PFCs by post mortem histology or flow cytometry. However, only limited data are available on tagged PFCs and the potential dissociation of fluorescence and 19F label after cellular uptake over time. MATERIALS AND METHODS PFCs were coupled to rhodamine (Rho) or carboxyfluorescein (Cfl) and their fate was analyzed after in vitro uptake by J774, RAW and CHO cells by flow cytometry and 19F MRI. In separate in vivo experiments, the dual-labelled emulsions were intravenously applied into mice and their distribution was monitored in spleen and liver over 24 h. In a final step, time course of fluorescence and 19F signals from injected emulsions were tracked in a local inflammation model making use of a subcutaneous matrigel depot doped with LPS (lipopolysaccharide). RESULTS Internalization of fluorescence-labelled PFCs was associated with a substantial whitening over 24 h in all macrophage cell lines while the 19F signal remained stable over time. In all experiments, CflPFCs were more susceptible to bleaching than RhoPFCs. After intravenous injection of RhoPFCs, the fluorescence signal in spleen and liver peaked after 30 min and 2 h, respectively, followed by a successive decrease over 24 h, whereas the 19F signal continuously increased during this observation period. Similar results were found in the matrigel/LPS model, where we observed increasing 19F signals in the inflammatory hot spot over time while the fluorescence signal of immune cells isolated from the matrigel depot 24 h after its implantation was only marginally elevated over background levels. This resulted in a massive underestimation of the true PFC deposition in the reticuloendothelial system and at inflammatory hot spots. CONCLUSION Cellular uptake of fluorescently tagged PFCs leads to a dissociation of the fluorescence and the 19F label signal over time, which critically impacts on interpretation of long-term experiments validated by histology or flow cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Bouvain
- Experimental Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Molecular Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, NRW, Germany
| | - Vera Flocke
- Experimental Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Molecular Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, NRW, Germany
- Department of Engineering Physics, University of Applied Science Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Krämer
- Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Albert Ludwigs University, Freiburg, BW, Germany
| | - Rolf Schubert
- Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Albert Ludwigs University, Freiburg, BW, Germany
| | - Jürgen Schrader
- Experimental Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Molecular Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, NRW, Germany
| | - Ulrich Flögel
- Experimental Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Molecular Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, NRW, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Temme
- Experimental Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Molecular Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, NRW, Germany
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30
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Temme S, Baran P, Bouvain P, Grapentin C, Krämer W, Knebel B, Al-Hasani H, Moll JM, Floss D, Schrader J, Schubert R, Flögel U, Scheller J. Synthetic Cargo Internalization Receptor System for Nanoparticle Tracking of Individual Cell Populations by Fluorine Magnetic Resonance Imaging. ACS NANO 2018; 12:11178-11192. [PMID: 30372619 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b05698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Specific detection of target structures or cells lacking particular surface epitopes still poses a serious problem for all imaging modalities. Here, we demonstrate the capability of synthetic "cargo internalization receptors" (CIRs) for tracking of individual cell populations by 1H/19F magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). To this end, a nanobody for green fluorescent protein (GFP) was used to engineer cell-surface-expressed CIRs which undergo rapid internalization after GFP binding. For 19F MR visibility, the GFP carrier was equipped with "contrast cargo", in that GFP was coupled to perfluorocarbon nanoemulsions (PFCs). To explore the suitability of different uptake mechanisms for this approach, CIRs were constructed by combination of the GFP nanobody and three different cytoplasmic tails that contained individual internalization motifs for endocytosis of the contrast cargo (CIR1-3). Exposure of CIR+ cells to GFP-PFCs resulted in highly specific binding and internalization as confirmed by fluorescence microscopy as well as flow cytometry and enabled visualization by 1H/19F MRI. In particular, expression of CIR2/3 resulted in substantial incorporation of 19F cargo and readily enabled in vivo visualization of GFP-PFC recruitment to transplanted CIR+ cells by 1H/19F MRI in mice. Competition experiments with blood immune cells revealed that CIR+ cells are predominantly loaded with GFP-PFCs even in the presence of cells with strong phagocytotic capacity. Importantly, binding and internalization of GFP-PFCs did not result in the activation of signaling cascades and therefore does not alter cell physiology. Overall, this approach represents a versatile in vivo imaging platform for tracking of individual cell populations by making use of cell-type-specific CIR+ mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Temme
- Experimental Cardiovascular Imaging, Molecular Cardiology , Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf , 40225 Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Paul Baran
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty , Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf , 40225 Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Pascal Bouvain
- Experimental Cardiovascular Imaging, Molecular Cardiology , Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf , 40225 Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Christoph Grapentin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy , Albert Ludwig University Freiburg , 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau , Germany
| | - Wolfgang Krämer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy , Albert Ludwig University Freiburg , 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau , Germany
| | - Birgit Knebel
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center , Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at the Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf , 40225 Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Hadi Al-Hasani
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center , Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at the Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf , 40225 Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Jens Mark Moll
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty , Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf , 40225 Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Doreen Floss
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty , Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf , 40225 Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Jürgen Schrader
- Experimental Cardiovascular Imaging, Molecular Cardiology , Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf , 40225 Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Rolf Schubert
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy , Albert Ludwig University Freiburg , 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau , Germany
| | - Ulrich Flögel
- Experimental Cardiovascular Imaging, Molecular Cardiology , Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf , 40225 Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Jürgen Scheller
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty , Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf , 40225 Düsseldorf , Germany
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Shin SH, Park SH, Kim SW, Kim M, Kim D. Fluorine MR Imaging Monitoring of Tumor Inflammation after High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Ablation. Radiology 2018; 287:476-484. [PMID: 29369752 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2017171603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Purpose To investigate whether high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU)-induced macrophage infiltration could be longitudinally monitored with fluorine 19 (19F) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in a quantitative manner. Materials and Methods BALB/c mice were subcutaneously inoculated with 4T1 cells and were separated into three groups: untreated mice (control, n = 9), HIFU-treated mice (HIFU, n = 9), and HIFU- and clodronate-treated mice (HIFU+Clod, n = 9). Immediately after HIFU treatment, all mice were intravenously given perfluorocarbon (PFC) emulsion. MR imaging examinations were performed 2, 4, 7, 10, and 14 days after HIFU treatment. Two-way repeated measures analysis of variance was used to analyze the changes in 19F signal over time and differences between groups. Histologic examinations were performed to confirm in vivo data. Results Fluorine 19 signals were detected at the rims of tumors and the peripheries of ablated lesions. Mean 19F signal in tumors was significantly higher in HIFU-treated mice than in control mice up to day 4 (0.82 ± 0.26 vs 0.42 ± 0.17, P < .001). Fluorine 19 signals were higher in the HIFU+Clod group than in the control group from day 4 (0.82 ± 0.23, P < .001) to day 14 (0.55 ± 0.16 vs 0.28 ± 0.06, P < .05). Histologic examination revealed macrophage infiltration around ablated lesions. Immunofluorescence staining confirmed PFC labeling of macrophages. Conclusion Fluorine 19 MR imaging can longitudinally capture and quantify HIFU-induced macrophage infiltration in preclinical tumor models. © RSNA, 2018 Online supplemental material is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Hyun Shin
- From the Molecular Imaging Branch, Division of Convergence Technology, National Cancer Center, Research Building, Ilsanro-323, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang 10408, Korea
| | - Sang Hyun Park
- From the Molecular Imaging Branch, Division of Convergence Technology, National Cancer Center, Research Building, Ilsanro-323, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang 10408, Korea
| | - Seung Won Kim
- From the Molecular Imaging Branch, Division of Convergence Technology, National Cancer Center, Research Building, Ilsanro-323, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang 10408, Korea
| | - Minsun Kim
- From the Molecular Imaging Branch, Division of Convergence Technology, National Cancer Center, Research Building, Ilsanro-323, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang 10408, Korea
| | - Daehong Kim
- From the Molecular Imaging Branch, Division of Convergence Technology, National Cancer Center, Research Building, Ilsanro-323, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang 10408, Korea
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Fluorine-19 Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Positron Emission Tomography of Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Tumor Metabolism. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2017; 2017:4896310. [PMID: 29362559 PMCID: PMC5736905 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4896310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The presence of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) is significantly associated with poor prognosis of tumors. Currently, magnetic resonance imaging- (MRI-) based TAM imaging methods that use nanoparticles such as superparamagnetic iron oxide and perfluorocarbon nanoemulsions are available for quantitative monitoring of TAM burden in tumors. However, whether MRI-based measurements of TAMs can be used as prognostic markers has not been evaluated yet. In this study, we used positron emission tomography (PET) with 18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (18F-FDG) as a radioactive tracer and fluorine-19- (19F-) MRI for imaging mouse breast cancer models to determine any association between TAM infiltration and tumor metabolism. Perfluorocarbon nanoemulsions were intravenously administered to track and quantify TAM infiltration using a 7T MR scanner. To analyze glucose uptake in tumors, 18F-FDG-PET images were acquired immediately after 19F-MRI. Coregistered 18F-FDG-PET and 19F-MR images enabled comparison of spatial patterns of glucose uptake and TAM distribution in tumors. 19F-MR signal intensities from tumors exhibited a strong inverse correlation with 18F-FDG uptake while having a significant positive correlation with tumor growth from days 2 to 7. These results show that combination of 19F-MRI and 18F-FDG-PET can improve our understanding of the relationship between TAM and tumor microenvironment.
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van Heeswijk RB, Colotti R, Darçot E, Delacoste J, Pellegrin M, Piccini D, Hernando D. Chemical shift encoding (CSE) for sensitive fluorine-19 MRI of perfluorocarbons with complex spectra. Magn Reson Med 2017; 79:2724-2730. [PMID: 28862351 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To implement a fluorine-19 (19 F) chemical shift encoding (CSE) approach for the sensitive imaging of molecules with multi-resonance spectra to remove their chemical shift displacement (CSD) artifacts, and to characterize its sensitivity versus established pulse sequences. METHODS The feasibility of CSE spoiled gradient echo (GRE) and balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) was first demonstrated in a phantom study. The dependence of the sensitivity of CSE-bSSFP on several pulse sequence parameters was then established, after which the occurrence of out-of-plane excitation was assessed for 2D and 3D techniques. Next, the sensitivity (in mm-3 s-0.5 ) of both CSE techniques was compared to bSSFP ultrashort echo time (bSSFP-UTE) imaging and multi-chemical-shift-selective turbo spin echo (MCSS-TSE) in a second phantom study. Finally, the sensitivity of the CSE-bSSFP, bSSFP-UTE, and MCSS-TSE pulse sequences was compared in a preliminary in vivo mouse study. RESULTS Both CSE approaches were successfully implemented and resulted in negligible residual CSD artifacts, while large-volume 3D acquisitions should be considered to reduce problems related to out-of-plane excitation. CSE-bSSFP was shown to have a higher sensitivity than the bSSFP-UTE and MCSS-TSE pulse sequences (15.8 ± 1.3 vs. 11.7 ± 1.0 vs. 13.3 ± 0.9 mm-3 s-0.5 , respectively, P < 0.001), whereas CSE-GRE technique had a lower sensitivity (4.8 ± 1.1 mm-3 s-0.5 ). CONCLUSION CSE 19 F MR imaging enables the unambiguous visualization of compounds with complex spectra, and provides high sensitivity both in vitro and in vivo. Magn Reson Med 79:2724-2730, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruud B van Heeswijk
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Roberto Colotti
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Emeline Darçot
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean Delacoste
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maxime Pellegrin
- Division of Angiology, Heart and Vessel Department, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Davide Piccini
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology, Siemens Healthcare AG, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Diego Hernando
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison Wisconsin, USA.,Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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Ludwig KD, Hernando D, Roberts NT, van Heeswijk RB, Fain SB. A chemical shift encoding (CSE) approach for spectral selection in fluorine-19 MRI. Magn Reson Med 2017; 79:2183-2189. [PMID: 28833448 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a chemical shift encoding (CSE) approach for fluorine-19 MRI of perfluorocarbons in the presence of multiple known fluorinated chemical species. THEORY AND METHODS A multi-echo CSE technique is applied for spectral separation of the perfluorocarbon perfluoro-15-crown-5-ether (PFCE) and isoflurane (ISO) based on their chemical shifts at 4.7 T. Cramér-Rao lower bound analysis is used to identify echo combinations with optimal signal-to-noise performance. Signal contributions are fit with a multispectral fluorine signal model using a non-linear least squares estimation reconstruction directly from k-space data. This CSE approach is tested in fluorine-19 phantoms and in a mouse with a 2D and 3D spoiled gradient-echo acquisition using multiple echo times determined from Cramér-Rao lower bound analysis. RESULTS Cramér-Rao lower bound analysis for PFCE and ISO separation shows signal-to-noise performance is maximized with a 0.33 ms echo separation. A linear behavior (R2 = 0.987) between PFCE signal and known relative PFCE volume is observed in CSE reconstructed images using a mixed PFCE/ISO phantom. Effective spatial and spectral separation of PFCE and ISO is shown in phantoms and in vivo. CONCLUSION Feasibility of a gradient-echo CSE acquisition and image reconstruction approach with optimized noise performance is demonstrated through fluorine-19 MRI of PFCE with effective removal of ISO signal contributions. Magn Reson Med 79:2183-2189, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai D Ludwig
- Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Diego Hernando
- Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Nathan T Roberts
- Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Ruud B van Heeswijk
- Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sean B Fain
- Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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Coolen BF, Calcagno C, van Ooij P, Fayad ZA, Strijkers GJ, Nederveen AJ. Vessel wall characterization using quantitative MRI: what's in a number? MAGNETIC RESONANCE MATERIALS IN PHYSICS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2017; 31:201-222. [PMID: 28808823 PMCID: PMC5813061 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-017-0644-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The past decade has witnessed the rapid development of new MRI technology for vessel wall imaging. Today, with advances in MRI hardware and pulse sequences, quantitative MRI of the vessel wall represents a real alternative to conventional qualitative imaging, which is hindered by significant intra- and inter-observer variability. Quantitative MRI can measure several important morphological and functional characteristics of the vessel wall. This review provides a detailed introduction to novel quantitative MRI methods for measuring vessel wall dimensions, plaque composition and permeability, endothelial shear stress and wall stiffness. Together, these methods show the versatility of non-invasive quantitative MRI for probing vascular disease at several stages. These quantitative MRI biomarkers can play an important role in the context of both treatment response monitoring and risk prediction. Given the rapid developments in scan acceleration techniques and novel image reconstruction, we foresee the possibility of integrating the acquisition of multiple quantitative vessel wall parameters within a single scan session.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bram F Coolen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Center, PO BOX 22660, 1100 DD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. .,Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Claudia Calcagno
- Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pim van Ooij
- Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Zahi A Fayad
- Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gustav J Strijkers
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Center, PO BOX 22660, 1100 DD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aart J Nederveen
- Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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36
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Wang X, Peter K. Molecular Imaging of Atherothrombotic Diseases: Seeing Is Believing. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017; 37:1029-1040. [PMID: 28450298 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.116.306483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Molecular imaging, with major advances in the development of both innovative targeted contrast agents/particles and radiotracers, as well as various imaging technologies, is a fascinating, rapidly growing field with many preclinical and clinical applications, particularly for personalized medicine. Thrombosis in either the venous or the arterial system, the latter typically caused by rupture of unstable atherosclerotic plaques, is a major determinant of mortality and morbidity in patients. However, imaging of the various thrombotic complications and the identification of plaques that are prone to rupture are at best indirect, mostly unreliable, or not available at all. The development of molecular imaging toward diagnosis and prevention of thrombotic disease holds promise for major advance in this clinically important field. Here, we review the medical need and clinical importance of direct molecular imaging of thrombi and unstable atherosclerotic plaques that are prone to rupture, thereby causing thrombotic complications such as myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke. We systematically compare the advantages/disadvantages of the various molecular imaging modalities, including X-ray computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, single-photon emission computed tomography, fluorescence imaging, and ultrasound. We further systematically discuss molecular targets specific for thrombi and those characterizing unstable, potentially thrombogenic atherosclerotic plaques. Finally, we provide examples for first theranostic approaches in thrombosis, combining diagnosis, targeted therapy, and monitoring of therapeutic success or failure. Overall, molecular imaging is a rapidly advancing field that holds promise of major benefits to many patients with atherothrombotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Wang
- From the Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute (X.W., K.P.), Departments of Medicine (X.W., K.P.), and Immunology (K.P.), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Karlheinz Peter
- From the Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute (X.W., K.P.), Departments of Medicine (X.W., K.P.), and Immunology (K.P.), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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Shin SH, Park EJ, Min C, Choi SI, Jeon S, Kim YH, Kim D. Tracking Perfluorocarbon Nanoemulsion Delivery by 19F MRI for Precise High Intensity Focused Ultrasound Tumor Ablation. Am J Cancer Res 2017; 7:562-572. [PMID: 28255351 PMCID: PMC5327634 DOI: 10.7150/thno.16895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Perfluorocarbon nanoemulsions (PFCNEs) have recently been undergoing rigorous study to investigate their ability to improve the therapeutic efficacy of tumor ablation by high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU). For precise control of PFCNE delivery and thermal ablation, their accumulation and distribution in a tumor should be quantitatively analyzed. Here, we used fluorine-19 (19F) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to quantitatively track PFCNE accumulation in a tumor, and analyzed how intra-tumoral PFCNE quantities affect the therapeutic efficacy of HIFU treatment. Ablation outcomes were assessed by intra-voxel incoherent motion analysis and bioluminescent imaging up to 14 days after the procedure. Assessment of PFCNE delivery and treatment outcomes showed that 2-3 mg/mL of PFCNE in a tumor produces the largest ablation volume under the same HIFU insonation conditions. Histology showed varying degrees of necrosis depending on the amount of PFCNE delivered. 19F MRI promises to be a valuable platform for precisely guiding PFCNE-enhanced HIFU ablation of tumors.
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Gonzales C, Yoshihara HAI, Dilek N, Leignadier J, Irving M, Mieville P, Helm L, Michielin O, Schwitter J. In-Vivo Detection and Tracking of T Cells in Various Organs in a Melanoma Tumor Model by 19F-Fluorine MRS/MRI. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164557. [PMID: 27736925 PMCID: PMC5063406 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background 19F-MRI and 19F-MRS can identify specific cell types after in-vitro or in-vivo 19F-labeling. Knowledge on the potential to track in-vitro 19F-labeled immune cells in tumor models by 19F-MRI/MRS is scarce. Aim To study 19F-based MR techniques for in-vivo tracking of adoptively transferred immune cells after in-vitro 19F-labeling, i.e. to detect and monitor their migration non-invasively in melanoma-bearing mice. Methods Splenocytes (SP) were labeled in-vitro with a perfluorocarbon (PFC) and IV-injected into non-tumor bearing mice. In-vitro PFC-labeled ovalbumin (OVA)-specific T cells from the T cell receptor-transgenic line OT-1, activated with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibodies (Tact) or OVA-peptide pulsed antigen presenting cells (TOVA-act), were injected into B16 OVA melanoma-bearing mice. The distribution of the 19F-labelled donor cells was determined in-vivo by 19F-MRI/MRS. In-vivo 19F-MRI/MRS results were confirmed by ex-vivo 19F-NMR and flow cytometry. Results SP, Tact, and TOVA-act were successfully PFC-labeled in-vitro yielding 3x1011-1.4x1012 19F-atoms/cell in the 3 groups. Adoptively transferred 19F-labeled SP, TOVA-act, and Tact were detected by coil-localized 19F-MRS in the chest, abdomen, and left flank in most animals (corresponding to lungs, livers, and spleens, respectively, with highest signal-to-noise for SP vs TOVA-act and Tact, p<0.009 for both). SP and Tact were successfully imaged by 19F-MRI (n = 3; liver). These in-vivo data were confirmed by ex-vivo high-resolution 19F-NMR-spectroscopy. By flow cytometric analysis, however, TOVA-act tended to be more abundant versus SP and Tact (liver: p = 0.1313; lungs: p = 0.1073; spleen: p = 0.109). Unlike 19F-MRI/MRS, flow cytometry also identified transferred immune cells (SP, Tact, and TOVA-act) in the tumors. Conclusion SP, Tact, and TOVA-act were successfully PFC-labeled in-vitro and detected in-vivo by non-invasive 19F-MRS/MRI in liver, lung, and spleen. The portion of 19F-labeled T cells in the adoptively transferred cell populations was insufficient for 19F-MRS/MRI detection in the tumor. While OVA-peptide-activated T cells (TOVA-act) showed highest infiltration into all organs, SP were detected more reliably by 19F-MRS/MRI, most likely explained by cell division of TOVA-act after injection, which dilutes the 19F content in the T cell-infiltrated organs. Non-dividing 19F-labeled cell species appear most promising to be tracked by 19F-MRS/MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Gonzales
- Division of Cardiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hikari A. I. Yoshihara
- Division of Cardiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Physics of Biological Systems, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nahzli Dilek
- Molecular Modeling Group, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Ludwig Branch for Cancer Research of the University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Julie Leignadier
- Ludwig Branch for Cancer Research of the University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Melita Irving
- Ludwig Branch for Cancer Research of the University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Mieville
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Batochime, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lothar Helm
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Batochime, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Michielin
- Molecular Modeling Group, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Ludwig Branch for Cancer Research of the University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
- Department of Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Juerg Schwitter
- Division of Cardiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Center, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
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Liang S, Louchami K, Kolster H, Jacobsen A, Zhang Y, Thimm J, Sener A, Thiem J, Malaisse W, Dresselaers T, Himmelreich U. In vivo and ex vivo 19-fluorine magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy of beta-cells and pancreatic islets using GLUT-2 specific contrast agents. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2016; 11:506-513. [PMID: 27624753 DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.1712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The assessment of the β-cell mass in experimental models of diabetes and ultimately in patients is a hallmark to understand the relationship between reduced β-cell mass/function and the onset of diabetes. It has been shown before that the GLUT-2 transporter is highly expressed in both β-cells and hepatocytes and that D-mannoheptulose (DMH) has high uptake specificity for the GLUT-2 transporter. As 19-fluorine MRI has emerged as a new alternative method for MRI cell tracking because it provides potential non-invasive localization and quantification of labeled cells, the purpose of this project is to validate β-cell and pancreatic islet imaging by using fluorinated, GLUT-2 targeting mannoheptulose derivatives (19 FMH) both in vivo and ex vivo. In this study, we confirmed that, similar to DMH, 19 FMHs inhibit insulin secretion and increase the blood glucose level in mice temporarily (approximately two hours). We were able to assess the distribution of 19 FMHs in vivo with a temporal resolution of about 20 minutes, which showed a quick removal of 19 FMH from the circulation (within two hours). Ex vivo MR spectroscopy confirmed a preferential uptake of 19 FMH in tissue with high expression of the GLUT-2 transporter, such as liver, endocrine pancreas and kidney. No indication of further metabolism was found. In summary, 19 FMHs are potentially suitable for visualizing and tracking of GLUT-2 expressed cells. However, current bottlenecks of this technique related to the quick clearance of the compound and relative low sensitivity of 19 F MRI need to be overcome. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayuan Liang
- Biomedical MRI unit/ MoSAIC, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karim Louchami
- Biomedical MRI unit/ MoSAIC, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Laboratory of Experimental Hormonology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Hauke Kolster
- Biomedical MRI unit/ MoSAIC, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anna Jacobsen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ying Zhang
- Laboratory of Experimental Hormonology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Julian Thimm
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Abdullah Sener
- Laboratory of Experimental Hormonology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Joachim Thiem
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Willy Malaisse
- Laboratory of Experimental Hormonology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Tom Dresselaers
- Biomedical MRI unit/ MoSAIC, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Uwe Himmelreich
- Biomedical MRI unit/ MoSAIC, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Shin SH, Kadayakkara DK, Bulte JWM. In Vivo 19F MR Imaging Cell Tracking of Inflammatory Macrophages and Site-specific Development of Colitis-associated Dysplasia. Radiology 2016; 282:194-201. [PMID: 27440581 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2016152387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To investigate whether the magnitude of in vivo fluorine 19 (19F) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging signal is associated with subsequent development of colitis-associated dysplasia after in situ fluorination of inflammatory macrophages in a mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Materials and Methods Experiments were approved by the institutional animal care and use committee. Mice in the experimental group (n = 10) were administered azoxymethane and dextran sulfate sodium to induce colitis-associated dysplasia. Five mice were in the noninduced control group. Animals were injected with a commercially available perfluorocarbon and were examined in vivo with an 11.7-T MR imager for up to 110 days. Colons were then harvested followed by high-spatial-resolution ex vivo MR imaging. Multiple colon segments with or without 19F signal were histologically graded and were correlated with 19F signal intensity by using a Spearman correlation test. The signal intensity in mice with colitis-associated dysplasia was compared with that in control mice with a two-tailed Mann-Whitney U test. Results Patchy distributions of 19F signal intensity in the colon wall were seen on in vivo and ex vivo images, representing chronic inflammation as shown by immunohistochemistry. Histologic scores of inflammation and site-specific development of colitis-associated dysplasia in the descending colon showed good correlation with normalized 19F signal intensity (r = 0.88, P = .033 for the ascending colon; r = 0.82, P = .006 for the descending colon). A significantly (P = .002) higher normalized 19F signal-to-noise ratio was found at sites that developed dysplasia (mean, 0.58 ± 0.09 [standard deviation]) as compared with sites that did not (mean, 0.17 ± 0.22). Conclusion 19F MR imaging cell tracking of macrophages can be used to assess local inflammation in a mouse model of IBD. The resulting local 19F signal intensity, representing the magnitude of inflammation, has a positive correlation with the development of colitis-associated dysplasia. © RSNA, 2016 Online supplemental material is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Hyun Shin
- From the Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering (S.H.S., D.K.K., J.W.M.B.), Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research (S.H.S., D.K.K., J.W.M.B.), Department of Oncology (D.K.K., J.W.M.B.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (S.H.S., J.W.M.B.), and Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering (J.W.M.B.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 217 Traylor Bldg, 720 Rutland Ave, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Deepak K Kadayakkara
- From the Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering (S.H.S., D.K.K., J.W.M.B.), Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research (S.H.S., D.K.K., J.W.M.B.), Department of Oncology (D.K.K., J.W.M.B.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (S.H.S., J.W.M.B.), and Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering (J.W.M.B.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 217 Traylor Bldg, 720 Rutland Ave, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Jeff W M Bulte
- From the Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering (S.H.S., D.K.K., J.W.M.B.), Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research (S.H.S., D.K.K., J.W.M.B.), Department of Oncology (D.K.K., J.W.M.B.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (S.H.S., J.W.M.B.), and Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering (J.W.M.B.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 217 Traylor Bldg, 720 Rutland Ave, Baltimore, MD 21205
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Colotti R, Bastiaansen JAM, Wilson A, Flögel U, Gonzales C, Schwitter J, Stuber M, van Heeswijk RB. Characterization of perfluorocarbon relaxation times and their influence on the optimization of fluorine-19 MRI at 3 tesla. Magn Reson Med 2016; 77:2263-2271. [PMID: 27385530 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To characterize and optimize 19 F MRI for different perfluorocarbons (PFCs) at 3T and quantify the loss of acquisition efficiency as a function of different temperature and cellular conditions. METHODS The T1 and T2 relaxation times of the commonly used PFCs perfluoropolyether (PFPE), perfluoro-15-crown-5-ether (PFCE), and perfluorooctyl bromide (PFOB) were measured in phantoms and in several different conditions (cell types, presence of fixation agent, and temperatures). These relaxation times were used to optimize pulse sequences through numerical simulations. The acquisition efficiency in each cellular condition was then determined as the ratio of the signal after optimization with the reference relaxation times and after optimization with its proper relaxation times. Finally, PFC detection limits were determined. RESULTS The loss of acquisition efficiency due to parameter settings optimized for the wrong temperature and cellular condition was limited to 13%. The detection limits of all PFCs were lower at 24 °C than at 37 °C and varied from 11.8 ± 3.0 mM for PFCE at 24 °C to 379.9 ± 51.8 mM for PFOB at 37 °C. CONCLUSION Optimizing 19 F pulse sequences with a known phantom only leads to moderate loss in acquisition efficiency in cellular conditions that might be encountered in in vivo and in vitro experiments. Magn Reson Med 77:2263-2271, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Colotti
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jessica A M Bastiaansen
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anne Wilson
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Ulrich Flögel
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christine Gonzales
- Division of Cardiology and Cardiac MR Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Juerg Schwitter
- Division of Cardiology and Cardiac MR Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Stuber
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Lausanne and Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ruud B van Heeswijk
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
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42
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Vanhoutte L, Gerber BL, Gallez B, Po C, Magat J, Balligand JL, Feron O, Moniotte S. High field magnetic resonance imaging of rodents in cardiovascular research. Basic Res Cardiol 2016; 111:46. [PMID: 27287250 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-016-0565-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Transgenic and gene knockout rodent models are primordial to study pathophysiological processes in cardiovascular research. Over time, cardiac MRI has become a gold standard for in vivo evaluation of such models. Technical advances have led to the development of magnets with increasingly high field strength, allowing specific investigation of cardiac anatomy, global and regional function, viability, perfusion or vascular parameters. The aim of this report is to provide a review of the various sequences and techniques available to image mice on 7-11.7 T magnets and relevant to the clinical setting in humans. Specific technical aspects due to the rise of the magnetic field are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laetitia Vanhoutte
- Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Brussels, Belgium. .,Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Bernhard L Gerber
- Division of Cardiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Brussels, Belgium.,Pole of Cardiovascular Research (CARD), Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bernard Gallez
- Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Unit (REMA), Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Chrystelle Po
- CNRS, ICube, FMTS, Institut de Physique Biologique, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Julie Magat
- L'Institut de RYthmologie et de Modélisation Cardiaque (LIRYC), Inserm U1045, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jean-Luc Balligand
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Olivier Feron
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stéphane Moniotte
- Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Brussels, Belgium
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Nahrendorf M, Frantz S, Swirski FK, Mulder WJM, Randolph G, Ertl G, Ntziachristos V, Piek JJ, Stroes ES, Schwaiger M, Mann DL, Fayad ZA. Imaging systemic inflammatory networks in ischemic heart disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 2015; 65:1583-91. [PMID: 25881940 PMCID: PMC4401833 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2015.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
While acute myocardial infarction mortality declines, patients continue to face reinfarction and/or heart failure. The immune system, which intimately interacts with healthy and diseased tissues through resident and recruited leukocytes, is a central interface for a global host response to ischemia. Pathways that enhance the systemic leukocyte supply may be potential therapeutic targets. Pre-clinically, imaging helps to identify immunity's decision nodes, which may serve as such targets. In translating the rapidly-expanding pre-clinical data on immune activity, the difficulty of obtaining multiple clinical tissue samples from involved organs is an obstacle that whole-body imaging can help overcome. In patients, molecular and cellular imaging can be integrated with blood-based diagnostics to assess the translatability of discoveries, including the activation of hematopoietic tissues after myocardial infarction, and serve as an endpoint in clinical trials. In this review, we discuss these concepts while focusing on imaging immune activity in organs involved in ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Nahrendorf
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Stefan Frantz
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Universitätsklinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Universitätsklinikum Halle, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Filip K Swirski
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Willem J M Mulder
- Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gwendalyn Randolph
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Georg Ertl
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Vasilis Ntziachristos
- Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, Technische Universität München and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jan J Piek
- Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Erik S Stroes
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Markus Schwaiger
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Douglas L Mann
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Zahi A Fayad
- Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
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Komatsu S, Ohara T, Takahashi S, Takewa M, Minamiguchi H, Imai A, Kobayashi Y, Iwa N, Yutani C, Hirayama A, Kodama K. Early Detection of Vulnerable Atherosclerotic Plaque for Risk Reduction of Acute Aortic Rupture and Thromboemboli and Atheroemboli Using Non-Obstructive Angioscopy. Circ J 2015; 79:742-50. [DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-15-0126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sei Komatsu
- Cardiovascular Center, Amagasaki Central Hospital
| | - Tomoki Ohara
- Cardiovascular Center, Amagasaki Central Hospital
| | | | | | - Hitoshi Minamiguchi
- Department of Cardiology, Osaka University School of Medicine
- Cardiovascular Center, Amagasaki Central Hospital
| | - Atsuko Imai
- Department of Cardiology, Osaka University School of Medicine
- Cardiovascular Center, Amagasaki Central Hospital
| | | | - Nobuzo Iwa
- Department of Pathology, Amagasaki Central Hospital
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