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Ouyang L, Liu T, He Y, He Y, Xu W, Deng G, Deng G, Xiao X. A multi-omics study reveals the therapeutic effect of Linderae Radix water extract on irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 328:118050. [PMID: 38518966 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Linderae Radix (Lindera aggregata (Sims) Kosterm) is a traditional Chinese medicine known for its capability to regulate qi and relieve pain, particularly in the context of gastrointestinal disorders. AIM OF THE STUDY While our previous research has demonstrated the efficacy of the Linderae Radix water extract (LRWE) in the treatment of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D), the precise mechanisms remain elusive. This study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the therapeutic effects of LRWE on IBS-D through multi-omics techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS 16 S rRNA gene sequencing combined with LC-MS metabolomics was employed to investigate the effect of LRWE on the gut microbiota and metabolites of IBS-D rats. Spearman correlation analysis was performed on the gut microbiota and metabolites. RESULTS LRWE administration significantly ameliorated IBS-D rats' symptoms, including diarrhea, visceral hypersensitivity, and low-grade intestinal inflammation. Gut microbiota analysis revealed that LRWE influenced the diversity of the gut microbiota in IBS-D rats by significantly reducing the relative abundance of Patescibacteria and Candidatus Saccharimonas, while increasing the relative abundance of Jeotgalicoccus. Serum metabolomic analysis identified 16 differential metabolites, associated with LRWE's positive effects on IBS-D symptoms, focusing on glyoxylate and dicarboxylic acid metabolism, and cysteine and methionine metabolism. Spearman analysis demonstrated a strong correlation between cecal microbiota composition and serum metabolite levels. CONCLUSIONS This study elucidates that LRWE plays a crucial role in the comprehensive therapeutic approach to IBS-D by restoring the relative abundance of gut microbiota and addressing the disturbed metabolism of endogenous biomarkers. The identified bacteria and metabolites present potential therapeutic targets for IBS-D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linqi Ouyang
- First Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 95 Shaoshan Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 300 Xueshi Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, PR China.
| | - Tao Liu
- First Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 95 Shaoshan Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, PR China.
| | - Yang He
- First Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 95 Shaoshan Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, PR China.
| | - Yiran He
- First Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 95 Shaoshan Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, PR China.
| | - Wenfeng Xu
- First Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 95 Shaoshan Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, PR China.
| | - Guoyan Deng
- First Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 95 Shaoshan Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, PR China.
| | - Guiming Deng
- First Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 95 Shaoshan Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, PR China.
| | - Xiaohe Xiao
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 300 Xueshi Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, PR China; Senior Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100 Sihuan Road, Beijing, 100039, PR China; China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100 Sihuan Road, Beijing, 100039, PR China.
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Yang M, Xie Q, Xiao Y, Xia M, Chen J, Tan BE, Yin Y. Dietary Methionine Restriction Improves Gut Health and Alters the Plasma Metabolomic Profile in Rats by Modulating the Composition of the Gut Microbiota. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3657. [PMID: 38612469 PMCID: PMC11011829 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Dietary methionine restriction (MetR) offers an integrated set of beneficial health effects, including delaying aging, extending health span, preventing fat accumulation, and reducing oxidative stress. This study aimed to investigate whether MetR exerts entero-protective effects by modulating intestinal flora, and the effect of MetR on plasma metabolites in rats. Rats were fed diets containing 0.86% methionine (CON group) and 0.17% methionine (MetR group) for 6 weeks. Several indicators of inflammation, gut microbiota, plasma metabolites, and intestinal barrier function were measured. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to analyze the cecal microbiota. The MetR diet reduced the plasma and colonic inflammatory factor levels. The MetR diet significantly improved intestinal barrier function by increasing the mRNA expression of tight junction proteins, such as zonula occludens (ZO)-1, claudin-3, and claudin-5. In addition, MetR significantly increased the levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) by increasing the abundance of SCFAs-producing Erysipclotxichaceae and Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 and decreasing the abundance of pro-inflammatory bacteria Proteobacteria and Escherichia-Shigella. Furthermore, MetR reduced the plasma levels of taurochenodeoxycholate-7-sulfate, taurocholic acid, and tauro-ursodeoxycholic acid. Correlation analysis identified that colonic acetate, total colonic SCFAs, 8-acetylegelolide, collettiside I, 6-methyladenine, and cholic acid glucuronide showed a significant positive correlation with Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 abundance but a significant negative correlation with Escherichia-Shigella and Enterococcus abundance. MetR improved gut health and altered the plasma metabolic profile by regulating the gut microbiota in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for the Products Quality Regulation of Livestock and Poultry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (M.Y.)
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Qian Xie
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for the Products Quality Regulation of Livestock and Poultry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (M.Y.)
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yintao Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for the Products Quality Regulation of Livestock and Poultry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (M.Y.)
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Minglong Xia
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for the Products Quality Regulation of Livestock and Poultry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (M.Y.)
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jiashun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for the Products Quality Regulation of Livestock and Poultry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (M.Y.)
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Bi-E Tan
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for the Products Quality Regulation of Livestock and Poultry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (M.Y.)
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410128, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
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3
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Gong L, Mahmood T, Mercier Y, Xu H, Zhang X, Zhao Y, Luo Y, Guo Y. Dietary methionine sources and levels modulate the intestinal health status of broiler chickens. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2023; 15:242-255. [PMID: 38033606 PMCID: PMC10684994 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Given the key role of methionine in biological processes, adequate methionine should be provided to meet the nutritional requirements. DL-2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)-butanoic acid (DL-HMTBA) has been considered as an important source of methionine. However, the effects of different sources and levels of methionine on the intestinal health status have not been clarified yet. An experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of different dietary sources and levels of methionine on the intestinal epithelial barrier, inflammatory cytokines expression, ileal morphology, microbiota composition, and cecal short chain fatty acids (SCFA) profiles. For this purpose, 720 male Arbor Acre broiler chicks at 1 d old were randomly assigned to a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement with 2 methionine sources (DL-methionine and DL-HMTBA) and 3 total sulfur amino acids (TSAA) levels (80%, 100%, and 120% of Arbor Acre recommendation). The results showed that DL-HMTBA supplementation promoted intestinal physical barrier at both gene expression level of claudin-1 and serum diamine oxidase level (P < 0.05), and the inflammatory cytokine IL-6 mRNA expression was down-regulated by dietary DL-HMTBA supplementation compared with the DL-methionine group (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, an upregulated gene expression of claudin-1 and zonula occluden-1 (ZO-1) were observed in the low-TSAA treatment on d 14 (P < 0.05), whereas this treatment increased the expression of IL-1β and IL-6 (P < 0.05). Villus height to crypt depth ratio was high (P < 0.05) in the middle-level TSAA group. Furthermore, DL-HMTBA supplementation optimized the microbiota of the ileum especially the relative abundance of Lactobacillus, where the digestion and absorption were completed, and elevated the concentrations of SCFA (acetate, propionate, and butyrate) in the cecal content on d 21 (P < 0.01). In conclusion, dietary DL-HMTBA supplementation improved the intestinal barrier function, immune homeostasis and optimized the microbiota to promote intestinal health status in broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | | | | | - Huiping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaodan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yizhu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yimeng Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yuming Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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Teng PY, Liu G, Choi J, Yadav S, Wei F, Kim WK. Effects of levels of methionine supplementations in forms of L or DL-methionine on the performance, intestinal development, immune response, and antioxidant system in broilers challenged with Eimeria spp. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102586. [PMID: 36966644 PMCID: PMC10064433 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The study was conducted to investigate the effects of 2 isoforms of methionine on growth performance and intestinal health induced by methionine (Met) deficiency and Eimeria infection in broilers. A total of 720 one-day old male chicks (Cobb500) were randomly allocated to 10 groups in a 2 × 5 factorial arrangement (6 reps/group, 12 birds/cage) with diets and Eimeria challenge as the main factors. Hundred percent DL-Met, 100% L-Met, 80% DL-Met, and 80% L-Met diets were formulated to meet approximately 100 or 80% of the total sulfur amino acid (TSAA) requirement with DL-Met or L-Met as Met supplementation sources. The 60% TSAA basal diet (60% Met) was formulated without Met supplementation. At d14, the challenge groups were gavaged with mixed Eimeria spp. Growth performance was recorded on d7, 14, 20 (6-day postinfection [DPI]), and 26 (12 DPI). The gut permeability was measured on 5 and 11 DPI. Antioxidant status and gene expression of immune cytokines and tight junction proteins were measured on 6 and 12 DPI. Data were analyzed by 1-way and 2-way ANOVA before and after the challenge, respectively. Orthogonal polynomial contrasts were used for post hoc comparison. Overall, the Eimeria challenge and 60% Met diet significantly reduced growth performance, antioxidant status, and mRNA expression of tight junction genes and immune cytokines. For other Met treatments, the L-Met groups had significantly higher BWG and lower FCR than the DL-Met group from d 1 to 20. The L-Met groups had less gut permeability than the DL-Met groups on 5 DPI. Compared to the 80% Met groups, the 100% Met groups reduced gut permeability. At 6 DPI, the 80% Met groups showed higher ZO1 expression than the 100% Met groups. The challenge groups had higher Muc2 expression and GSH/GSSG compared to the nonchallenge groups, and SOD activity was lower in the L-Met groups compared to the DL-Met groups at 6 DPI. The 100% Met groups had higher GPx activity than the 80% Met groups at 12 DPI. In conclusion, during coccidiosis, the 100% Met groups had better gut integrity and antioxidant status. Met supplementation in the form of L-Met improved growth performance in the starter phase and gut permeability in the challenge phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Yun Teng
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Guanchen Liu
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Janghan Choi
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Sudhir Yadav
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Fengxian Wei
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Woo K Kim
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
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Wu G, Xu J, Wang Q, Fang Z, Fang Y, Jiang Y, Zhang X, Cheng X, Sun J, Le G. Methionine-Restricted Diet: A Feasible Strategy Against Chronic or Aging-Related Diseases. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:5-19. [PMID: 36571820 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c05829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Dietary methionine restriction (MR) has been associated with multifaceted health-promoting effects. MR is conducive to prevention of several chronic diseases and cancer, and extension of lifespan. A growing number of studies on new phenotypes and mechanisms of MR have become available in the past five years, especially in angiogenesis, neurodegenerative diseases, intestinal microbiota, and intestinal barrier function. In this review, we summarize the characteristics and advantages of MR, and current knowledge on the physiological responses and effects of MR on chronic diseases and aging-associated pathologies. Potential mechanisms, in which hydrogen sulfide, fibroblast growth factor 21, gut microbiota, short-chain fatty acids, and so on are involved, are discussed. Moreover, directions for epigenetics and gut microbiota in an MR diet are presented in future perspectives. This review comprehensively summarizes the novel roles and interpretations of the mechanisms underlying MR in the prevention of chronic diseases and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqing Wu
- School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Jingxuan Xu
- School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Qiyao Wang
- Translational Medicine Center of Pain, Emotion and Cognition, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Ziyang Fang
- School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Yucheng Fang
- School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Yujie Jiang
- School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Xiangrong Cheng
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jin Sun
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Guowei Le
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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Yang Y, Lu M, Xu Y, Qian J, Le G, Xie Y. Dietary Methionine via Dose-Dependent Inhibition of Short-Chain Fatty Acid Production Capacity Contributed to a Potential Risk of Cognitive Dysfunction in Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:15225-15243. [PMID: 36413479 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c04847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
High-methionine diets induce impaired learning and memory function, dementia-like neurodegeneration, and Alzheimer's disease, while low-methionine diets improve learning and memory function. We speculated that variations in intestinal microbiota may mediate these diametrically opposed effects; thus, this study aimed to verify this hypothesis. The ICR mice were fed either a low-methionine diet (LM, 0.17% methionine), normal methionine diet (NM, 0.86% methionine), or high-methionine diet (HM, 2.58% methionine) for 11 weeks. We found that HM diets damaged nonspatial recognition memory, working memory, and hippocampus-dependent spatial memory and induced anxiety-like behaviors in mice. LM diets improved nonspatial recognition memory and hippocampus-dependent spatial memory and ameliorated anxiety-like behavior, but the differences did not reach a significant level. Moreover, HM diets significantly decreased the abundance of putative short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria (Roseburia, Blautia, Faecalibaculum, and Bifidobacterium) and serotonin-producing bacteria (Turicibacter) and significantly increased the abundance of proinflammatory bacteria Escherichia-Shigella. Of note, LM diets reversed the results. Consequently, the SCFA and serotonin levels were significantly decreased with HM diets and significantly increased with LM diets. Furthermore, HM diets induced hippocampal oxidative stress and inflammation and selectively downregulated the hippocampus-dependent memory-related gene expression, whereas LM diets selectively upregulated the hippocampus-dependent memory-related gene expression. In conclusion, dietary methionine via dose-dependent inhibition of SCFA production capacity contributed to a potential risk of cognitive dysfunction in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Manman Lu
- National Engineering Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yuncong Xu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jing Qian
- National Engineering Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Guowei Le
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yanli Xie
- National Engineering Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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Zuo F, Wei H, Peng J, Li S, Zhou Y. Effects on the Cell Barrier Function of L-Met and DL-HMTBA Is Related to Metabolic Characteristics and m 6A Modification. Front Nutr 2022; 9:836069. [PMID: 35464013 PMCID: PMC9020446 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.836069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Methionine is a substrate for protein synthesis and participates in many other biological events via its metabolism. We have previously demonstrated significant differences in the metabolism of L-methionine (L-Met) and its precursor DL-2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutyric acid (DL-HMTBA) in IPEC-J2 cells. When DL–HMTBA is added to the diet, intracellular methionine (Met) sources also contain the natural form of L-Met. Then, what is the effect on Met metabolism when these two Met sources exist simultaneously? Moreover, the effects of metabolic differences on cell function remain unclear. In this study, it was found that when the proportion of L-Met to DL–HMTBA was ≤ 40%:60%, Met transmethylation was promoted and when the proportion of L-Met to DL-HMTBA was ≤ 85%:15%, Met trans-sulfuration and regeneration were improved. In addition, DL-HMTBA improved the cell barrier function when the ratio of L-Met to DL-HMTBA was ≤ 40%:60%. This finding may be due to the decrease in the proportion of S-adenosylmethionine to S-adenosylhomocysteine and mRNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) levels, which increase the mRNA stability and protein expression of tight junction zona occludens-1. To sum up, the effects of L-Met and DL–HMTBA on Met metabolism, especially transmethylation, suggest that DL–HMTBA has the potential to influence the intestinal barrier function of animals through epigenetic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangrui Zuo
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Wuhan Sun HY Biology Co., Ltd, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongkui Wei
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian Peng
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Shengqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanfei Zhou
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Kramer P. Mitochondria-Microbiota Interaction in Neurodegeneration. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 13:776936. [PMID: 35002678 PMCID: PMC8733591 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.776936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s are the two best-known neurodegenerative diseases. Each is associated with the excessive aggregation in the brain and elsewhere of its own characteristic amyloid proteins. Yet the two afflictions have much in common and often the same amyloids play a role in both. These amyloids need not be toxic and can help regulate bile secretion, synaptic plasticity, and immune defense. Moreover, when they do form toxic aggregates, amyloids typically harm not just patients but their pathogens too. A major port of entry for pathogens is the gut. Keeping the gut’s microbe community (microbiota) healthy and under control requires that our cells’ main energy producers (mitochondria) support the gut-blood barrier and immune system. As we age, these mitochondria eventually succumb to the corrosive byproducts they themselves release, our defenses break down, pathogens or their toxins break through, and the side effects of inflammation and amyloid aggregation become problematic. Although it gets most of the attention, local amyloid aggregation in the brain merely points to a bigger problem: the systemic breakdown of the entire human superorganism, exemplified by an interaction turning bad between mitochondria and microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kramer
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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Ren W, Bin P, Yin Y, Wu G. Impacts of Amino Acids on the Intestinal Defensive System. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1265:133-151. [PMID: 32761574 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-45328-2_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The intestine interacts with a diverse community of antigens and bacteria. To keep its homeostasis, the gut has evolved with a complex defense system, including intestinal microbiota, epithelial layer and lamina propria. Various factors (e.g., nutrients) affect the intestinal defensive system and progression of intestinal diseases. This review highlights the current understanding about the role of amino acids (AAs) in protecting the intestine from harm. Amino acids (e.g., arginine, glutamine and tryptophan) are essential for the function of intestinal microbiota, epithelial cells, tight junction, goblet cells, Paneth cells and immune cells (e.g., macrophages, B cells and T cells). Through the modulation of the intestinal defensive system, AAs maintain the integrity and function of the intestinal mucosa and inhibit the progression of various intestinal diseases (e.g., intestinal infection and intestinal colitis). Thus, adequate intake of functional AAs is crucial for intestinal and whole-body health in humans and other animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenkai Ren
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Bin
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product, Safety of Ministry of Education of China, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Health and Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecology, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Guoyao Wu
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
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Wu G, Shi Y, Han L, Feng C, Ge Y, Yu Y, Tang X, Cheng X, Sun J, Le GW. Dietary Methionine Restriction Ameliorated Fat Accumulation, Systemic Inflammation, and Increased Energy Metabolism by Altering Gut Microbiota in Middle-Aged Mice Administered Different Fat Diets. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:7745-7756. [PMID: 32597175 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c02965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Diet greatly influences gut microbiota. Dietary methionine restriction (MR) prevents and ameliorates age-related or high-fat-induced diseases and prolongs life span. This study aimed to reveal the impact of MR on gut microbiota in middle-aged mice with low-, medium-, high-fat diets. C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into six groups with different MR and fat-content diets. Multiple indicators of intestinal function, fat accumulation, energy consumption, and inflammation were measured. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to analyze cecal microbiota. Our results indicated that MR considerably reduced the concentrations of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and increased short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) by upregulating the abundance of Corynebacterium and SCFA-producing bacteria Bacteroides, Faecalibaculum, and Roseburia and downregulating the LPS-producing or proinflammatory bacteria Desulfovibrio and Escherichia-Shigella. The effect of MR on LPS and SCFAs further reduced fat accumulation and systemic inflammation, enhanced heat production, and mediated the LPS/LBP/CD14/ TLR4 pathway to strength the intestinal mucosal immunity barrier in middle-aged mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yonghui Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Le Han
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Chuanxing Feng
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yueting Ge
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yihao Yu
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Xue Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Xiangrong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Guo-Wei Le
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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11
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Bin P, Zhu C, Liu S, Li Z, Ren W, Zhu G. Perspective: Methionine Restriction-Induced Longevity-A Possible Role for Inhibiting the Synthesis of Bacterial Quorum Sensing Molecules. Adv Nutr 2020; 11:773-783. [PMID: 32221578 PMCID: PMC7360445 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmaa028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Methionine restriction (MR) extends lifespans in multiple species through mechanisms that include enhanced oxidative stress resistance and inhibition of insulin/insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) signaling. Methionine and S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) are the essential precursors of bacterial quorum sensing (QS) molecules, and therefore, MR might also affect bacterial communication to prevent enteric bacterial infection as well as chronic inflammation, which contributes to lifespan prolongation. Here, we discuss the influence of MR on oxidative stress resistance and inhibition of insulin/IGF-I cell signaling and further propose a potential mechanism involving bacterial QS inhibition for lifespan extension. Unraveling the connection between MR and inhibition of QS provides new strategies for combating infectious diseases, resulting in enriched understanding of MR-induced lifespan extension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Bin
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China,Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Congrui Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Shaojuan Liu
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhendong Li
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China,Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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12
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Seker M, Fernández-Rodríguez C, Martínez-Cruz LA, Müller D. Mouse Models of Human Claudin-Associated Disorders: Benefits and Limitations. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215504. [PMID: 31694170 PMCID: PMC6862546 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In higher organisms, epithelia separate compartments in order to guarantee their proper function. Such structures are able to seal but also to allow substances to pass. Within the paracellular pathway, a supramolecular structure, the tight junction transport is largely controlled by the temporospatial regulation of its major protein family called claudins. Besides the fact that the expression of claudins has been identified in different forms of human diseases like cancer, clearly defined mutations in the corresponding claudin genes have been shown to cause distinct human disorders. Such disorders comprise the skin and its adjacent structures, liver, kidney, the inner ear, and the eye. From the phenotype analysis, it has also become clear that different claudins can cause a complex phenotype when expressed in different organs. To gain deeper insights into the physiology and pathophysiology of claudin-associated disorders, several mouse models have been generated. In order to model human disorders in detail, they have been designed either as full knockouts, knock-downs or knock-ins by a variety of techniques. Here, we review human disorders caused by CLDN mutations and their corresponding mouse models that have been generated thus far and assess their usefulness as a model for the corresponding human disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Seker
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Nephrology and Metabolism, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charité, 13353 Berlin, Germany;
| | | | | | - Dominik Müller
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Nephrology and Metabolism, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charité, 13353 Berlin, Germany;
- Correspondence:
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13
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Kumar A, Allison A, Henry M, Scales A, Fouladkhah AC. Development of Salmonellosis as Affected by Bioactive Food Compounds. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7090364. [PMID: 31540475 PMCID: PMC6780870 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7090364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Infections caused by Salmonella serovars are the leading cause of foodborne hospitalizations and deaths in Americans, extensively prevalent worldwide, and pose a considerable financial burden on public health infrastructure and private manufacturing. While a comprehensive review is lacking for delineating the role of dietary components on prevention of Salmonellosis, evidence for the role of diet for preventing the infection and management of Salmonellosis symptoms is increasing. The current study is an evaluation of preclinical and clinical studies and their underlying mechanisms to elaborate the efficacy of bioactive dietary components for augmenting the prevention of Salmonella infection. Studies investigating dietary components such as fibers, fatty acids, amino acids, vitamins, minerals, phenolic compounds, and probiotics exhibited efficacy of dietary compounds against Salmonellosis through manipulation of host bile acids, mucin, epithelial barrier, innate and adaptive immunity and gut microbiota as well as impacting the cellular signaling cascades of the pathogen. Pre-clinical studies investigating synergism and/or antagonistic activities of various bioactive compounds, additional randomized clinical trials, if not curtailed by lack of equipoise and ethical concerns, and well-planned epidemiological studies could augment the development of a validated and evidence-based guideline for mitigating the public health burden of human Salmonellosis through dietary compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kumar
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
| | - Abimbola Allison
- Public Health Microbiology Laboratory, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA.
| | - Monica Henry
- Public Health Microbiology Laboratory, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA.
| | - Anita Scales
- Public Health Microbiology Laboratory, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA.
| | - Aliyar Cyrus Fouladkhah
- Public Health Microbiology Laboratory, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA.
- Cooperative Extension Program, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA.
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14
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Chen Q, Wang C, Zhao FQ, Liu J, Liu H. Effects of methionine partially replaced by methionyl-methionine dipeptide on intestinal function in methionine-deficient pregnant mice. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2019; 103:1610-1618. [PMID: 31106911 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This study was to compare the effects of parenteral supplementation of methionyl-methionine (Met-Met) or Met on intestinal barrier function in Met-deficient pregnant mice. Pregnant mice were randomly divided into three groups. The Control group was provided a diet containing Met and received i.p. injection of saline. The Met group was fed the same diet but without Met and received daily i.p. injection of 35% of the Met contained in the control diet. The Met-Met group was treated the same as the Met group, except that 25% of the Met injected was replaced with Met-Met. Met-Met promoted villus surface area in ileum compared with Met alone. In addition, the mRNA abundance of amino acid and glucose transporters in the small intestine was altered with Met-Met. Moreover, Met-Met increased tight junction protein and decreased apoptosis-related proteins expression in the jejunum and ileum. These results suggest that Met-Met can promote intestinal function over Met alone in Met-deficient mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Chen
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Caihong Wang
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feng-Qi Zhao
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Jianxin Liu
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongyun Liu
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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15
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Zhu M, Ruan T, Zeng Q, Wu B. Effects of Methionine Deficiency on the B Lymphocyte and Immunoglobulins of Cecal Tonsil in Cobb Broilers. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2019-1059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Zhu
- China West Normal University, PR China
| | - T Ruan
- China West Normal University, PR China
| | - Q Zeng
- China West Normal University, PR China
| | - B Wu
- Ministry of Education, PR China; China West Normal University, PR China
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16
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Thomas S, Hoxha K, Alexander W, Gilligan J, Dilbarova R, Whittaker K, Kossenkov A, Prendergast GC, Mullin JM. Intestinal barrier tightening by a cell-penetrating antibody to Bin1, a candidate target for immunotherapy of ulcerative colitis. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:4225-4237. [PMID: 30269357 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Patients afflicted with ulcerative colitis (UC) are at increased risk of colorectal cancer. While its causes are not fully understood, UC is associated with defects in colonic epithelial barriers that sustain inflammation of the colon mucosa caused by recruitment of lymphocytes and neutrophils into the lamina propria. Based on genetic evidence that attenuation of the bridging integrator 1 (Bin1) gene can limit UC pathogenicity in animals, we have explored Bin1 targeting as a therapeutic option. Early feasibility studies in the dextran sodium sulfate mouse model of experimental colitis showed that administration of a cell-penetrating Bin1 monoclonal antibody (Bin1 mAb 99D) could prevent lesion formation in the colon mucosa in part by preventing rupture of lymphoid follicles. In vivo administration of Bin1 mAb altered tight junction protein expression and cecal barrier function. Strikingly, electrophysiology studies in organ cultures showed that Bin1 mAb could elevate resistance and lower 14 C-mannitol leakage across the cecal mucosa, consistent with a direct strengthening of colonic barrier function. Transcriptomic analyses of colitis tissues highlighted altered expression of genes involved in circadian rhythm, lipid metabolism, and inflammation, with a correction of the alterations by Bin1 mAb treatment to patterns characteristic of normal tissues. Overall, our results suggest that Bin1 mAb protects against UC by directly improving colonic epithelial barrier function to limit gene expression and cytokine programs associated with colonic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Thomas
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania
| | - Kevther Hoxha
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania
| | - Walker Alexander
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania
| | - John Gilligan
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania
| | - Rima Dilbarova
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | - George C Prendergast
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical School, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - James M Mullin
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania.,Division of Gastroenterology, Lankenau Medical Center, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania
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17
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Cooke D, Ouattara A, Ables GP. Dietary methionine restriction modulates renal response and attenuates kidney injury in mice. FASEB J 2018; 32:693-702. [PMID: 28970255 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201700419r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Methionine restriction (MR) extends the lifespan across several species, such as rodents, fruit flies, roundworms, and yeast. MR studies have been conducted on various rodent organs, such as liver, adipose tissue, heart, bones, and skeletal muscle, to elucidate its benefits to the healthspan; however, studies of the direct effect of MR on kidneys are lacking. To investigate the renal effects of MR, we used young and aged unilateral nephrectomized and 5/6 nephrectomized (5/6Nx) mice. Our studies indicated that MR mice experienced polydipsia and polyuria compared with control-fed counterparts. Urine albumin, creatinine, albumin-to-creatinine ratio, sulfur amino acids, and electrolytes were reduced in MR mice. Kidneys of MR mice up-regulated genes that are involved in ion transport, such as Aqp2, Scnn1a, and Slc6a19, which indicated a response to maintain osmotic balance. In addition, we identified renoprotective biomarkers that are affected by MR, such as clusterin and cystatin C. Of importance, MR attenuated kidney injury in 5/6Nx mice by down-regulating inflammation and fibrosis mechanisms. Thus, our studies in mice show the important role of kidneys during MR in maintaining osmotic homeostasis. Moreover, our studies also show that the MR diet delays the progression of kidney disease.-Cooke, D., Ouattara, A., Ables, G. P. Dietary methionine restriction modulates renal response and attenuates kidney injury in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Cooke
- Orentreich Foundation for the Advancement of Science, Cold Spring, New York, USA
| | - Amadou Ouattara
- Orentreich Foundation for the Advancement of Science, Cold Spring, New York, USA
| | - Gene P Ables
- Orentreich Foundation for the Advancement of Science, Cold Spring, New York, USA
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18
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Liu Y, Wang X, Hu CAA. Therapeutic Potential of Amino Acids in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9090920. [PMID: 28832517 PMCID: PMC5622680 DOI: 10.3390/nu9090920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2017] [Revised: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes both ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, is a chronic relapsing inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, and is difficult to treat. The pathophysiology of IBD is multifactorial and not completely understood, but genetic components, dysregulated immune responses, oxidative stress, and inflammatory mediators are known to be involved. Animal models of IBD can be chemically induced, and are used to study etiology and to evaluate potential treatments of IBD. Currently available IBD treatments can decrease the duration of active disease but because of their adverse effects, the search for novel therapeutic strategies that can restore intestinal homeostasis continues. This review summarizes and discusses what is currently known of the effects of amino acids on the reduction of inflammation, oxidative stress, and cell death in the gut when IBD is present. Recent studies in animal models have identified dietary amino acids that improve IBD, but amino acid supplementation may not be adequate to replace conventional therapy. The animal models used in dietary amino acid research in IBD are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulan Liu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
| | - Xiuying Wang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
| | - Chien-An Andy Hu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
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19
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Ahmad R, Kumar B, Chen Z, Chen X, Müller D, Lele SM, Washington MK, Batra SK, Dhawan P, Singh AB. Loss of claudin-3 expression induces IL6/gp130/Stat3 signaling to promote colon cancer malignancy by hyperactivating Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Oncogene 2017; 36:6592-6604. [PMID: 28783170 PMCID: PMC6512312 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The Hyperactivated Wnt/β-catenin signaling acts as a switch to induce EMT and promote colorectal cancer. However, due to its essential role in gut homeostasis, therapeutic targeting of this pathway has proven challenging. Additionally, IL-6/Stat-3 signaling, activated by microbial translocation through the dysregulated mucosal barrier in colon adenomas, facilitates the adenoma to adenocarcinomas transition. However, inter-dependence between these signaling pathways and key mucosal barrier components in regulating colon tumorigenesis and cancer progression remains unclear. In current study, we have discovered, using a comprehensive investigative regimen, a novel and tissue specific role of claudin-3, a tight junction integral protein, in inhibiting colon cancer progression by serving as the common rheostat of Stat-3 and Wnt-signaling activation. Loss of claudin-3 also predicted poor patient survival. These findings however contrasted an upregulated claudin-3 expression in other cancer types and implicated role of the epigenetic regulation. Claudin-3−/− mice revealed dedifferentiated and leaky colonic epithelium, and developed invasive adenocarcinoma when subjected to colon cancer. Wnt-signaling hyperactivation, albeit in GSK-3β independent manner, differentiated colon cancer in claudin-3−/− mice versus WT-mice. Claudin-3 loss also upregulated the gp130/IL6/Stat3 signaling in colonic epithelium potentially assisted by infiltrating immune components. Genetic and pharmacological studies confirmed that claudin-3 loss induces Wnt/β-catenin activation, which is further exacerbated by Stat-3-activation and help promote colon cancer. Overall, these novel findings identify claudin-3 as a therapeutic target for inhibiting overactivation of Wnt-signaling to prevent CRC malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - B Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Z Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - X Chen
- Division of Biostatistics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - D Müller
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Charité, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - S M Lele
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - M K Washington
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - S K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - P Dhawan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.,VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - A B Singh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.,VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, USA
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20
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Chen Q, Chen O, Martins IM, Hou H, Zhao X, Blumberg JB, Li B. Collagen peptides ameliorate intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction in immunostimulatory Caco-2 cell monolayers via enhancing tight junctions. Food Funct 2017; 8:1144-1151. [PMID: 28174772 DOI: 10.1039/c6fo01347c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Dysfunction of the intestinal barrier plays a key role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and multiple organ failure. The effect of Alaska pollock skin-derived collagen and its 3 tryptic hydrolytic fractions, HCP (6 kDa retentate), MCP (3 kDa retentate) and LCP (3 kDa permeate) on TNF-α induced barrier dysfunction was investigated in Caco-2 cell monolayers. TNF-α induced barrier dysfunction was significantly attenuated by the collagen and its peptide fractions, especially LCP, compared to TNF-α treated controls (P < 0.05). Compared to a negative control, 24 h pre-incubation with 2 mg mL-1 LCP significantly alleviated the TNF-α induced breakdown of the tight junction protein ZO-1 and occludin and inhibited MLC phosphorylation and MLCK expression. The activation of NFκB and Elk-1 was suppressed by LCP. Thus, collagen peptides may attenuate TNF-α induced barrier dysfunction of Caco-2 cells by inhibiting the NFκB and ERK1/2-mediated MLCK pathway with associated decreases in ZO-1 and occludin protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianru Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China. and Antioxidants Research Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Oliver Chen
- Antioxidants Research Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Isabela M Martins
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Engineering, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil
| | - Hu Hou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Xue Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Jeffrey B Blumberg
- Antioxidants Research Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Bafang Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
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21
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Roles of amino acids in preventing and treating intestinal diseases: recent studies with pig models. Amino Acids 2017; 49:1277-1291. [PMID: 28616751 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-017-2450-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Animal models are needed to study and understand a human complex disease. Because of their similarities in anatomy, structure, physiology, and pathophysiology, the pig has proven its usefulness in studying human gastrointestinal diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease, ischemia/reperfusion injury, diarrhea, and cancer. To understand the pathogenesis of these diseases, a number of experimental models generated in pigs are available, for example, through surgical manipulation, chemical induction, microbial infection, and genetic engineering. Our interests have been using amino acids as therapeutics in pig and human disease models. Amino acids not only play an important role in protein biosynthesis, but also exert significant physiological effects in regulating immunity, anti-oxidation, redox regulation, energy metabolism, signal transduction, and animal behavior. Recent studies in pigs have shown that specific dietary amino acids can improve intestinal integrity and function under normal and pathological conditions that protect the host from different diseases. In this review, we summarize several pig models in intestinal diseases and how amino acids can be used as therapeutics in treating pig and human diseases.
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22
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Miousse IR, Tobacyk J, Melnyk S, James SJ, Cheema AK, Boerma M, Hauer-Jensen M, Koturbash I. One-carbon metabolism and ionizing radiation: a multifaceted interaction. Biomol Concepts 2017; 8:83-92. [PMID: 28574375 PMCID: PMC6693336 DOI: 10.1515/bmc-2017-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation (IR) is a ubiquitous component of our environment and an important tool in research and medical treatment. At the same time, IR is a potent genotoxic and epigenotoxic stressor, exposure to which may lead to negative health outcomes. While the genotoxocity is well described and characterized, the epigenetic effects of exposure to IR and their mechanisms remain under-investigated. In this conceptual review, we propose the IR-induced changes to one-carbon metabolism as prerequisites to alterations in the cellular epigenome. We also provide evidence from both experimental and clinical studies describing the interactions between IR and one-carbon metabolism. We further discuss the potential for the manipulation of the one-carbon metabolism in clinical applications for the purpose of normal tissue protection and for increasing the radiosensitivity of cancerous cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle R. Miousse
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Julia Tobacyk
- Departments of Environmental and Occupational Health, and Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Stepan Melnyk
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - S. Jill James
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Amrita K. Cheema
- Departments of Oncology and Biochemistry, Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington DC 20057, USA
| | - Marjan Boerma
- Division of Radiation Health, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Martin Hauer-Jensen
- Division of Radiation Health, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Igor Koturbash
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
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23
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Abstract
Methionine restriction (MR) extends lifespan across different species. The main responses of rodent models to MR are well-documented in adipose tissue (AT) and liver, which have reduced mass and improved insulin sensitivity, respectively. Recently, molecular mechanisms that improve healthspan have been identified in both organs during MR. In fat, MR induced a futile lipid cycle concomitant with beige AT accumulation, producing elevated energy expenditure. In liver, MR upregulated fibroblast growth factor 21 and improved glucose metabolism in aged mice and in response to a high-fat diet. Furthermore, MR also reduces mitochondrial oxidative stress in various organs such as liver, heart, kidneys, and brain. Other effects of MR have also been reported in such areas as cardiac function in response to hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy), identification of molecular mechanisms in bone development, and enhanced epithelial tight junction. In addition, rodent models of cancer responded positively to MR, as has been reported in colon, prostate, and breast cancer studies. The beneficial effects of MR have also been documented in a number of invertebrate model organisms, including yeast, nematodes, and fruit flies. MR not only promotes extended longevity in these organisms, but in the case of yeast has also been shown to improve stress tolerance. In addition, expression analyses of yeast and Drosophila undergoing MR have identified multiple candidate mediators of the beneficial effects of MR in these models. In this review, we emphasize other in vivo effects of MR such as in cardiovascular function, bone development, epithelial tight junction, and cancer. We also discuss the effects of MR in invertebrates.
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24
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Ables GP, Hens JR, Nichenametla SN. Methionine restriction beyond life-span extension. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2016; 1363:68-79. [DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gene P. Ables
- Orentreich Foundation for the Advancement of Science; Cold Spring New York
| | - Julie R. Hens
- Orentreich Foundation for the Advancement of Science; Cold Spring New York
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Ouattara A, Cooke D, Gopalakrishnan R, Huang TH, Ables GP. Methionine restriction alters bone morphology and affects osteoblast differentiation. Bone Rep 2016; 5:33-42. [PMID: 28326345 PMCID: PMC4926829 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Methionine restriction (MR) extends the lifespan of a wide variety of species, including rodents, drosophila, nematodes, and yeasts. MR has also been demonstrated to affect the overall growth of mice and rats. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of MR on bone structure in young and aged male and female C57BL/6J mice. This study indicated that MR affected the growth rates of males and young females, but not aged females. MR reduced volumetric bone mass density (vBMD) and bone mineral content (BMC), while bone microarchitecture parameters were decreased in males and young females, but not in aged females compared to control-fed (CF) mice. However, when adjusted for bodyweight, the effect of MR in reducing vBMD, BMC and microarchitecture measurements was either attenuated or reversed suggesting that the smaller bones in MR mice is appropriate for its body size. In addition, CF and MR mice had similar intrinsic strength properties as measured by nanoindentation. Plasma biomarkers suggested that the low bone mass in MR mice could be due to increased collagen degradation, which may be influenced by leptin, IGF-1, adiponectin and FGF21 hormone levels. Mouse preosteoblast cell line cultured under low sulfur amino acid growth media attenuated gene expression levels of Col1al, Runx2, Bglap, Alpl and Spp1 suggesting delayed collagen formation and bone differentiation. Collectively, our studies revealed that MR altered bone morphology which could be mediated by delays in osteoblast differentiation. MR affected the growth rates of males and young females, but not aged females. CF and MR mice had similar intrinsic strength properties. Low methionine media attenuated bone differentiation genes in MC3T3-E1 preosteoblast cells. The lower bone mass in MR mice is appropriate for its smaller body size.
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Key Words
- Aged mice
- BMC, bone mineral content
- BS, bone surface
- BV, bone volume
- CF, control-fed
- CTX-1, C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen
- Conn.Dn., connectivity density
- FGF21, fibroblast growth factor-21
- HFD, high-fat diet
- HHCy, hyperhomocysteinemia
- IDI, indentation depth increase
- IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor-1
- Imax, maximal MOI
- Imin, minimal MOI
- LPD, low protein diet
- MC3T3-E1 subclone 4
- MOI, moment of inertia
- MR, methionine restriction
- Methionine restriction
- Micro-computed tomography
- Nanoindentation
- OC, osteocalcin
- OPG, osteoprotegerin
- P1NP, N-terminal propeptide of type 1 procollagen
- RANKL, receptor activator for nuclear factor κB ligand
- SMI, structure model index
- TV, total volume
- Tb.N, trabecular number
- Tb.Sp, trabecular separation
- Tb.Th, trabecular thickness
- pMOI, polar MOI
- vBMD, volumetric bone mass density
- μCT, micro-computed tomography
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Affiliation(s)
- Amadou Ouattara
- Orentreich Foundation for the Advancement of Science, Inc, 855 Route 301, Cold Spring, NY 10516, USA
| | - Diana Cooke
- Orentreich Foundation for the Advancement of Science, Inc, 855 Route 301, Cold Spring, NY 10516, USA
| | - Raj Gopalakrishnan
- School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Tsang-hai Huang
- Institute of Physical Education, Health and Leisure Studies, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Gene P. Ables
- Orentreich Foundation for the Advancement of Science, Inc, 855 Route 301, Cold Spring, NY 10516, USA
- Corresponding author at: Orentreich Foundation for the Advancement of Science, Inc., 855 Route 301, Cold Spring, NY 10516, USA.Orentreich Foundation for the Advancement of Science, Inc.855 Route 301Cold SpringNY10516USA
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Mullin JM, Skrovanek SM, Ramalingam A, DiGuilio KM, Valenzano MC. Methionine restriction fundamentally supports health by tightening epithelial barriers. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2015; 1363:59-67. [PMID: 26646941 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.12955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Dietary methionine restriction (MR) has been found to affect one of the most primary tissue-level functions of an organism: the efficiency with which the epithelial linings of major organs separate the fluid compartments that they border. This process, epithelial barrier function, is basic for proper function of all organs, including the lung, liver, gastrointestinal tract, reproductive tract, blood-brain barrier, and kidney. Specifically, MR has been found to modify the protein composition of tight junctional complexes surrounding individual epithelial cells in a manner that renders the complexes less leaky. This has been observed in both a renal epithelial cell culture model and in gastrointestinal tissue. In both cases, MR increased the transepithelial electrical resistance across the epithelium, while decreasing passive leak of small nonelectrolytes. However, the specific target protein modifications involved were unique to each case. Overall, this provides an example of the primary level on which MR functions to modify, and improve, an organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M Mullin
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania.,Division of Gastroenterology, Lankenau Medical Center, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | | | - Mary C Valenzano
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania
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Xiao B, Cui LQ, Chen TM, Lian B. Stochastic effects in adaptive reconstruction of body damage: implied the creativity of natural selection. J Cell Mol Med 2015; 19:2521-9. [PMID: 26153081 PMCID: PMC4627558 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
After an injury occurs, mechanical/biochemical loads on muscles influence the composition and structure of recovering muscles; this effect likely occurs in other tissues, cells and biological molecules as well owing to the similarity, interassociation and interaction among biochemical reactions and molecules. The 'damage and reconstruction' model provides an explanation for how an ideal cytoarchitecture is created by reducing components not suitable for bearing loads; in this model, adaptive changes are induced by promoting the stochasticity of biochemical reactions. Biochemical and mechanical loads can direct the stochasticity of biochemical reactions, which can in turn induce cellular changes. Thus, mechanical and biochemical loads, under natural selection pressure, modify the direction of cell- and tissue-level changes and guide the formation of new structures and traits, thereby influencing microevolution. In summary, the 'damage and reconstruction' model accounts for the role of natural selection in the formation of new organisms, helps explain punctuated equilibrium, and illustrates how macroevolution arises from microevolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Xiao
- Key Laboratory for Ecology and Pollution Control of Coastal Wetlands, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, China
| | - Li-Qiang Cui
- Key Laboratory for Ecology and Pollution Control of Coastal Wetlands, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, China
| | - Tian-Ming Chen
- Key Laboratory for Ecology and Pollution Control of Coastal Wetlands, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, China
| | - Bin Lian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Key Lab for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
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Barja G. The mitochondrial free radical theory of aging. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2015; 127:1-27. [PMID: 25149212 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-394625-6.00001-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The mitochondrial free radical theory of aging is reviewed. Only two parameters currently correlate with species longevity in the right sense: the mitochondrial rate of reactive oxygen species (mitROS) production and the degree of fatty acid unsaturation of tissue membranes. Both are low in long-lived animals. In addition, the best-known manipulation that extends longevity, dietary restriction, also decreases the rate of mitROS production and oxidative damage to mtDNA. The same occurs during protein restriction as well as during methionine restriction. These two manipulations also increase maximum longevity in rodents. The decrease in mitROS generation and oxidative stress that takes place in caloric restriction seems to be due to restriction of a single dietary substance: methionine. The information available supports a mitochondrial free radical theory of aging focused on low generation of endogenous damage and low sensitivity of membranes to oxidation in long-lived animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Barja
- Department of Animal Physiology II, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University, Madrid Spain
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Zhao J, Feng L, Liu Y, Jiang W, Wu P, Jiang J, Zhang Y, Zhou X. Effect of dietary isoleucine on the immunity, antioxidant status, tight junctions and microflora in the intestine of juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 41:663-673. [PMID: 25451003 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Revised: 10/05/2014] [Accepted: 10/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary isoleucine (Ile) on the immune response, antioxidant status, tight junctions, and microbial population in the intestine of juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian). A total of 1200 juvenile Jian carp with average initial weight 6.9 ± 0.03 g were fed semi-purified isonitrogenous diets containing 4.2 (unsupplemented control group), 7.0, 9.5, 11.9, 13.9 and 16.9 g Ile kg(-1) diet for 60 days. Results indicated that Ile supplementation decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl content, and the amounts of Escherichia coli and Aeromonas in the intestine (P < 0.05), and increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione content and the amounts of Lactobacillus and Bacillus in the intestine (P < 0.05). Furthermore, real time polymerase chain reaction revealed that relative mRNA expression of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu-ZnSOD), manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), CAT, NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38MAPK) in the intestine were increased with increasing of dietary Ile up to a certain point (P < 0.05). Conversely, the relative mRNA expression of occludin, claudin-3, claudin-7, TNF-α, IL-10, Kelch-like-ECH- associated protein 1 (Keap1), extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 (ERK1) in the intestine showed a downward trend (P < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary Ile improves intestinal immune function, antioxidant capacity and microbial population, and regulates gene expression of antioxidant enzyme, tight junctions, Nrf2, Keap1, p38 and ERK1 in the intestine of Jian carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhao
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Lin Feng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Ya'an 625014, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Ya'an 625014, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Ya'an 625014, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Ya'an 625014, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Weidan Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Ya'an 625014, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Ya'an 625014, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Pei Wu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Ya'an 625014, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Ya'an 625014, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Yongan Zhang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Zhou
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Ya'an 625014, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Ya'an 625014, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Ya'an 625014, China.
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30
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l-Methionine supplementation maintains the integrity and barrier function of the small-intestinal mucosa in post-weaning piglets. Amino Acids 2014; 46:1131-42. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-014-1675-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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31
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Soares H, Marinho HS, Real C, Antunes F. Cellular polarity in aging: role of redox regulation and nutrition. GENES AND NUTRITION 2013; 9:371. [PMID: 24306961 DOI: 10.1007/s12263-013-0371-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cellular polarity concerns the spatial asymmetric organization of cellular components and structures. Such organization is important not only for biological behavior at the individual cell level, but also for the 3D organization of tissues and organs in living organisms. Processes like cell migration and motility, asymmetric inheritance, and spatial organization of daughter cells in tissues are all dependent of cell polarity. Many of these processes are compromised during aging and cellular senescence. For example, permeability epithelium barriers are leakier during aging; elderly people have impaired vascular function and increased frequency of cancer, and asymmetrical inheritance is compromised in senescent cells, including stem cells. Here, we review the cellular regulation of polarity, as well as the signaling mechanisms and respective redox regulation of the pathways involved in defining cellular polarity. Emphasis will be put on the role of cytoskeleton and the AMP-activated protein kinase pathway. We also discuss how nutrients can affect polarity-dependent processes, both by direct exposure of the gastrointestinal epithelium to nutrients and by indirect effects elicited by the metabolism of nutrients, such as activation of antioxidant response and phase-II detoxification enzymes through the transcription factor nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2). In summary, cellular polarity emerges as a key process whose redox deregulation is hypothesized to have a central role in aging and cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Soares
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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32
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Beutheu S, Ghouzali I, Galas L, Déchelotte P, Coëffier M. Glutamine and arginine improve permeability and tight junction protein expression in methotrexate-treated Caco-2 cells. Clin Nutr 2013; 32:863-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2013.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2012] [Revised: 11/23/2012] [Accepted: 01/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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33
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Lu Z, Ding L, Lu Q, Chen YH. Claudins in intestines: Distribution and functional significance in health and diseases. Tissue Barriers 2013; 1:e24978. [PMID: 24478939 PMCID: PMC3879173 DOI: 10.4161/tisb.24978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2013] [Revised: 05/06/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestines are organs that not only digest food and absorb nutrients, but also provide a defense barrier against pathogens and noxious agents ingested. Tight junctions (TJs) are the most apical component of the junctional complex, providing one form of cell-cell adhesion in enterocytes and playing a critical role in regulating paracellular barrier permeability. Alteration of TJs leads to a number of pathophysiological diseases causing malabsorption of nutrition and intestinal structure disruption, which may even contribute to systemic organ failure. Claudins are the major structural and functional components of TJs with at least 24 members in mammals. Claudins have distinct charge-selectivity, either by tightening the paracellular pathway or functioning as paracellular channels, regulating ions and small molecules passing through the paracellular pathway. In this review, we have discussed the functions of claudin family members, their distribution and localization in the intestinal tract of mammals, their alterations in intestine-related diseases and chemicals/agents that regulate the expression and localization of claudins as well as the intestinal permeability, which provide a therapeutic view for treating intestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Lu
- Department of Basic Medicine; Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, PR China ; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology; Brody School of Medicine; East Carolina University; Greenville, NC USA
| | - Lei Ding
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology; Brody School of Medicine; East Carolina University; Greenville, NC USA ; Department of Oncology; Beijing Shijitan Hospital; Capital Medical University; Beijing, PR China
| | - Qun Lu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology; Brody School of Medicine; East Carolina University; Greenville, NC USA
| | - Yan-Hua Chen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology; Brody School of Medicine; East Carolina University; Greenville, NC USA
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Allsopp P, Possemiers S, Campbell D, Oyarzábal IS, Gill C, Rowland I. An exploratory study into the putative prebiotic activity of fructans isolated from Agave angustifolia and the associated anticancer activity. Anaerobe 2013; 22:38-44. [PMID: 23714623 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2013.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Revised: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Linear inulin-type fructan (ITF) prebiotics have a putative role in the prevention of colorectal cancer, whereas relatively little is known about branched fructans. This study aims to investigate the fermentation properties and potential prebiotic activity of branched fructans derived from Agave angustifolia Haw, using the Simulator of Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (SHIME) model. The proximal, transverse and distal vessels were used to investigate fructan fermentation throughout the colon and to assess the alterations of the microbial composition and fermentation metabolites (short chain fatty acids and ammonia). The influence on bioactivity of the fermentation supernatant was assessed by MTT, Comet and transepithelial electrical resistance (TER), respectively. Addition of Agave fructan to the SHIME model significantly increased (P < 0.05), bifidobacteria populations (proximal and transverse), SCFA concentrations (proximal, transverse and distal) and decreased ammonia concentrations in the distal vessel. Furthermore, the fermentation supernatant significantly (P < 0.05) increased the TER of a Caco-2 cell monolayer (%) and decreased fluorescein-based paracellular flux, suggesting enhanced barrier function and reduced epithelial barrier permeability (proximal and distal vessel). While cytotoxicity and genotoxicity remained unaltered in response to the presence of Agave fructans. To conclude, branched Agave fructans show indications of prebiotic activity, particularly in relation to colon health by exerting a positive influence on gut barrier function, an important aspect of colon carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Allsopp
- Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health, University of Ulster (Coleraine), Cromore Road, Coleraine, Co. Derry, N. Ireland BT52 1SA, UK.
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Caloric restriction reduces edema and prolongs survival in a mouse glioma model. J Neurooncol 2013; 114:25-32. [PMID: 23703297 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-013-1154-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2012] [Accepted: 05/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Regardless of their cell type of origin, all aggressive brain tumors, such as malignant gliomas and metastatic tumors produce brain edema, which is an important cause of patient morbidity and mortality. Caloric restriction (CR) has long been recognized as a natural therapy that improves health, promotes longevity, and significantly reduces both the incidence and growth of many tumor types. The aim of present work was to investigate the effect of CR on edema and survival in the mice implanted with U87 gliomas. We found that CR significantly inhibited the intracerebral tumor growth, attenuated brain edema, and ultimately prolonged survival of mice with U87 gliomas. Plasma corticosterone level was found higher and serum VEGF and IGF-1 levels were found lower in CR, when compared to AL group. CR upregulated tight junction proteins including claudin-1, claudin-5 and ZO-1, downregulated VEGF and VEGFR2, enhanced α-SMA expression, and reduced AQP1 expression in U87 gliomas. In addition, CR suppressed inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression and nitric oxide (NO) formation in U87 gliomas. In conclusion, CR attenuated edema in U87 orthotopic mouse glioma model associated with elevation of corticosterone, suppression of VEGF/VEGFR2, improvement of tight junctions, and suppression of iNOS expression and NO formation. Our results suggested that CR might be an effective therapy for recurrent malignant brain cancers through alleviating associated edema.
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Sanchez-Roman I, Barja G. Regulation of longevity and oxidative stress by nutritional interventions: role of methionine restriction. Exp Gerontol 2013; 48:1030-42. [PMID: 23454735 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2013.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Revised: 01/17/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Comparative studies indicate that long-lived mammals have low rates of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production (mtROSp) and oxidative damage in their mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Dietary restriction (DR), around 40%, extends the mean and maximum life span of a wide range of species and lowers mtROSp and oxidative damage to mtDNA, which supports the mitochondrial free radical theory of aging (MFRTA). Regarding the dietary factor responsible for the life extension effect of DR, neither carbohydrate nor lipid restriction seems to modify maximum longevity. However protein restriction (PR) and methionine restriction (at least 80% MetR) increase maximum lifespan in rats and mice. Interestingly, only 7weeks of 40% PR (at least in liver) or 40% MetR (in all the studied organs, heart, brain, liver or kidney) is enough to decrease mtROSp and oxidative damage to mtDNA in rats, whereas neither carbohydrate nor lipid restriction changes these parameters. In addition, old rats also conserve the capacity to respond to 7weeks of 40% MetR with these beneficial changes. Most importantly, 40% MetR, differing from what happens during both 40% DR and 80% MetR, does not decrease growth rate and body size of rats. All the available studies suggest that the decrease in methionine ingestion that occurs during DR is responsible for part of the aging-delaying effect of this intervention likely through the decrease of mtROSp and ensuing DNA damage that it exerts. We conclude that lowering mtROS generation is a conserved mechanism, shared by long-lived species and dietary, protein, and methionine restricted animals, that decreases damage to macromolecules situated near the complex I mtROS generator, especially mtDNA. This would decrease the accumulation rate of somatic mutations in mtDNA and maybe finally also in nuclear DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Sanchez-Roman
- Department of Animal Physiology-II, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Spain
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37
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Chang MY, Boulden J, Valenzano MC, Soler AP, Muller AJ, Mullin JM, Prendergast GC. Bin1 attenuation suppresses experimental colitis by enforcing intestinal barrier function. Dig Dis Sci 2012; 57:1813-21. [PMID: 22526583 PMCID: PMC3677578 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-012-2147-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2011] [Accepted: 03/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with defects in intestinal barriers that rely upon cellular tight junctions. Thus, identifying genes that could be targeted to enforce tight junctions and improve barrier function may lead to new treatment strategies for IBD. AIMS This preclinical study aimed to evaluate an hypothesized role for the tumor suppressor gene Bin1 as a modifier of the severity of experimental colitis. METHODS We ablated the Bin1 gene in a mosaic mouse model to evaluate its effects on experimental colitis and intestinal barrier function. Gross pathology, histology and inflammatory cytokine expression patterns were characterized and ex vivo physiology determinations were conducted to evaluate barrier function in intact colon tissue. RESULTS Bin1 attenuation limited experimental colitis in a sexually dimorphic manner with stronger protection in female subjects. Colitis suppression was associated with an increase in basal transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) and a decrease in paracellular transepithelial flux, compared to control wild-type animals. In contrast, Bin1 attenuation did not affect short circuit current, nor did it alter the epithelial barrier response to non-inflammatory permeability enhancers in the absence of inflammatory stimuli. CONCLUSIONS Bin1 is a genetic modifier of experimental colitis that controls the paracellular pathway of transcellular ion transport regulated by cellular tight junctions. Our findings offer a preclinical validation of Bin1 as a novel therapeutic target for IBD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alejandro P. Soler
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood PA USA,Richfield Laboratory of Dermatopathology, Cincinnati OH USA
| | | | | | - George C. Prendergast
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood PA USA,Department of Pathology, Anatomy & Cell Biology, Jefferson Medical College and Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia PA USA
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38
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Sanchez-Roman I, Gomez A, Gomez J, Suarez H, Sanchez C, Naudi A, Ayala V, Portero-Otin M, Lopez-Torres M, Pamplona R, Barja G. Forty percent methionine restriction lowers DNA methylation, complex I ROS generation, and oxidative damage to mtDNA and mitochondrial proteins in rat heart. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2011; 43:699-708. [PMID: 22006472 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-011-9389-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2011] [Accepted: 09/29/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Methionine dietary restriction (MetR), like dietary restriction (DR), increases rodent maximum longevity. However, the mechanism responsible for the retardation of aging with MetR is still not entirely known. As DR decreases oxidative damage and mitochondrial free radical production, it is plausible to hypothesize that a decrease in oxidative stress is the mechanism for longevity extension with MetR. In the present investigation male Wistar rats were subjected to isocaloric 40% MetR during 7 weeks. It was found that 40% MetR decreases heart mitochondrial ROS production at complex I during forward electron flow, lowers oxidative damage to mitochondrial DNA and proteins, and decreases the degree of methylation of genomic DNA. No significant changes occurred for mitochondrial oxygen consumption, the amounts of the four respiratory complexes (I to IV), and the mitochondrial protein apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF). These results indicate that methionine can be the dietary factor responsible for the decrease in mitochondrial ROS generation and oxidative stress, and likely for part of the increase in longevity, that takes place during DR. They also highlight some of the mechanisms involved in the generation of these beneficial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Sanchez-Roman
- Department of Animal Physiology-II, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
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