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Solís C, Warren CM, Dittloff K, DiNello E, Solaro RJ, Russell B. Cardiomyocyte external mechanical unloading activates modifications of α-actinin differently from sarcomere-originated unloading. FEBS J 2023; 290:5322-5339. [PMID: 37551968 PMCID: PMC11285078 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Loss of myocardial mass in a neonatal rat cardiomyocyte culture is studied to determine whether there is a distinguishable cellular response based on the origin of mechano-signals. The approach herein compares the sarcomeric assembly and disassembly processes in heart cells by imposing mechano-signals at the interface with the extracellular matrix (extrinsic) and at the level of the myofilaments (intrinsic). Experiments compared the effects of imposed internal (inside/out) and external (outside/in) loading and unloading on modifications in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. Unloading of the cellular substrate by myosin inhibition (1 μm mavacamten), or cessation of cyclic strain (1 Hz, 10% strain) after preconditioning, led to significant disassembly of sarcomeric α-actinin by 6 h. In myosin inhibition, this was accompanied by redistribution of intracellular poly-ubiquitin K48 to the cellular periphery relative to the poly-ubiquitin K48 reservoir at the I-band. Moreover, loading and unloading of the cellular substrate led to a three-fold increase in post-translational modifications (PTMs) when compared to the myosin-specific activation or inhibition. Specifically, phosphorylation increased with loading while ubiquitination increased with unloading, which may involve extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and focal adhesion kinase activation. The identified PTMs, including ubiquitination, acetylation, and phosphorylation, are proposed to modify internal domains in α-actinin to increase its propensity to bind F-actin. These results demonstrate a link between mechanical feedback and sarcomere protein homeostasis via PTMs of α-actinin that exemplify how cardiomyocytes exhibit differential responses to the origin of force. The implications of sarcomere regulation governed by PTMs of α-actinin are discussed with respect to cardiac atrophy and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Solís
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chad M Warren
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kyle Dittloff
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Elisabeth DiNello
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA
| | - R John Solaro
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Brenda Russell
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA
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Park H, Bang E, Hong JJ, Lee S, Ko HL, Kwak HW, Park H, Kang KW, Kim R, Ryu SR, Kim G, Oh H, Kim H, Lee K, Kim M, Kim SY, Kim J, El‐Baz K, Lee H, Song M, Jeong DG, Keum G, Nam J. Nanoformulated Single‐Stranded RNA‐Based Adjuvant with a Coordinative Amphiphile as an Effective Stabilizer: Inducing Humoral Immune Response by Activation of Antigen‐Presenting Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202002979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyo‐Jung Park
- Department of Biotechnology The Catholic University of Korea Bucheon 14662 Republic of Korea
| | - Eun‐Kyoung Bang
- Center for Neuro-Medicine Brain Science Institute Korea Institute of Science and Technology Seoul 02792 Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Joo Hong
- National Primate Research Center Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology Cheongju 28116 Republic of Korea
| | - Sang‐Myeong Lee
- Division of Biotechnology College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences Jeonbuk National University Iksan 54596 Republic of Korea
- Korea Zoonosis Research Institute Jeonbuk National University Iksan 54531 Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Li Ko
- Department of Biotechnology The Catholic University of Korea Bucheon 14662 Republic of Korea
- Present address: Scripps Korea Antibody Institute Chuncheon 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Won Kwak
- Department of Biotechnology The Catholic University of Korea Bucheon 14662 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyelim Park
- Department of Biotechnology The Catholic University of Korea Bucheon 14662 Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Won Kang
- Division of Biotechnology College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences Jeonbuk National University Iksan 54596 Republic of Korea
| | - Rhoon‐Ho Kim
- Department of Biotechnology The Catholic University of Korea Bucheon 14662 Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Rok Ryu
- Division of Biotechnology College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences Jeonbuk National University Iksan 54596 Republic of Korea
| | - Green Kim
- National Primate Research Center Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology Cheongju 28116 Republic of Korea
| | - Hanseul Oh
- National Primate Research Center Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology Cheongju 28116 Republic of Korea
| | - Hye‐Jung Kim
- Department of Biotechnology The Catholic University of Korea Bucheon 14662 Republic of Korea
| | - Kyuri Lee
- College of Pharmacy Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ewha Womans University Seoul 03760 Republic of Korea
| | - Minjeong Kim
- College of Pharmacy Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ewha Womans University Seoul 03760 Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Young Kim
- College of Pharmacy Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ewha Womans University Seoul 03760 Republic of Korea
| | - Jae‐Ouk Kim
- Clinical Research Lab International Vaccine Institute, Seoul National University Research Park Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Karim El‐Baz
- Center for Neuro-Medicine Brain Science Institute Korea Institute of Science and Technology Seoul 02792 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyukjin Lee
- College of Pharmacy Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ewha Womans University Seoul 03760 Republic of Korea
| | - Manki Song
- Clinical Research Lab International Vaccine Institute, Seoul National University Research Park Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Gwin Jeong
- Infectious Diseases Research Center Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Gyochang Keum
- Center for Neuro-Medicine Brain Science Institute Korea Institute of Science and Technology Seoul 02792 Republic of Korea
| | - Jae‐Hwan Nam
- Department of Biotechnology The Catholic University of Korea Bucheon 14662 Republic of Korea
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Park HJ, Bang EK, Hong JJ, Lee SM, Ko HL, Kwak HW, Park H, Kang KW, Kim RH, Ryu SR, Kim G, Oh H, Kim HJ, Lee K, Kim M, Kim SY, Kim JO, El-Baz K, Lee H, Song M, Jeong DG, Keum G, Nam JH. Nanoformulated Single-Stranded RNA-Based Adjuvant with a Coordinative Amphiphile as an Effective Stabilizer: Inducing Humoral Immune Response by Activation of Antigen-Presenting Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:11540-11549. [PMID: 32239636 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202002979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
As agonists of TLR7/8, single-stranded RNAs (ssRNAs) are safe and promising adjuvants that do not cause off-target effects or innate immune overactivation. However, low stability prevents them from mounting sufficient immune responses. This study evaluates the adjuvant effects of ssRNA derived from the cricket paralysis virus intergenic region internal ribosome entry site, formulated as nanoparticles with a coordinative amphiphile, containing a zinc/dipicolylamine complex moiety as a coordinative phosphate binder, as a stabilizer for RNA-based adjuvants. The nanoformulated ssRNA adjuvant was resistant to enzymatic degradation in vitro and in vivo, and that with a coordinative amphiphile bearing an oleyl group (CA-O) was approximately 100 nm, promoted effective recognition, and improved activation of antigen-presenting cells, leading to better induction of neutralizing antibodies following single immunization. Hence, CA-O may increase the efficacy of ssRNA-based adjuvants, proving useful to meet the urgent need for vaccines during pathogen outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Jung Park
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Kyoung Bang
- Center for Neuro-Medicine, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Joo Hong
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Myeong Lee
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea.,Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, 54531, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Li Ko
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea.,Present address: Scripps Korea Antibody Institute, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Won Kwak
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyelim Park
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Won Kang
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Rhoon-Ho Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Rok Ryu
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Green Kim
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanseul Oh
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Jung Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyuri Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Minjeong Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Young Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ouk Kim
- Clinical Research Lab, International Vaccine Institute, Seoul National, University Research Park, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Karim El-Baz
- Center for Neuro-Medicine, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyukjin Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Manki Song
- Clinical Research Lab, International Vaccine Institute, Seoul National, University Research Park, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Gwin Jeong
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyochang Keum
- Center for Neuro-Medicine, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hwan Nam
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea
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Ishikawa TO, Herschman HR. Conditional bicistronic Cre reporter line expressing both firefly luciferase and β-galactosidase. Mol Imaging Biol 2011; 13:284-92. [PMID: 20495880 PMCID: PMC3051074 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-010-0333-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The Cre-loxP system has become an important strategy for conditional gene deletion and conditional gene expression in genetically engineered mice. To evaluate Cre recombinase expression, we generated reporter mice that permit both noninvasive imaging in living animals and either ex vivo histochemical/immunohistochemical tissue transgene expression analysis or quantitative enzyme analysis in the same animal. Procedures Transgenic reporter mice were generated in which a loxP-flanked enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) reporter gene and STOP sequence are placed after the nearly ubiquitously expressed CAG promoter, but before a bicistronic transcriptional unit containing luciferase and β-galactosidase reporter gene coding sequences. Results After global deletion of the floxed STOP sequence by germ line Cre deletion, the reporter mouse expresses luciferase and β-galactosidase in all tissues examined. Tissue-specific expression of both reporter genes occurs in reporter mouse strains expressing Cre in skin (K14 keratin Cre), heart (myosin light chair Cre), or colon (Villin Cre). Conclusion The luc-galTg reporter mouse allows noninvasive imaging of target Cre activation both in living animals and in tissues and cells following necropsy, using loss of EGFP expression, gain of luciferase expression, and gain of β-galactosidase expression as alternatives within the same animal for qualitative analysis of Cre expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomo-o Ishikawa
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Molecular Biology Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, 341 Boyer Hall, 611 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Jiang SY, Cai M, Ramachandran S. ORYZA SATIVA MYOSIN XI B controls pollen development by photoperiod-sensitive protein localizations. Dev Biol 2007; 304:579-92. [PMID: 17289016 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2007.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2006] [Revised: 11/29/2006] [Accepted: 01/04/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Myosins are actin-based motor proteins responsible for various motility and signal transduction. Only a small set of myosin classes is present inplants, and little is known about their functions. Here we showed how a rice myosin gene controlled pollen development by sensing changed environmental factors. The analysis is based on a gene-trapped Ds insertion mutant Oryza sativa myosin XI B (osmyoXIB). This mutant showed male sterility under short day length (SD) conditions and fertility under long day length (LD) conditions. Under both SD and LD conditions, the OSMYOXIB transcript was detected in whole anthers. However, under SD conditions, the OSMYOXIB-GUS fusion protein was localized only in the epidermal layer of anthers due to the lack of 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) and to dilute (DIL) domain sequences following the Ds insertion. As a result, mutant pollen development was affected, leading to male sterility. By contrast, under LD conditions, the fusion protein was localized normally in anthers. Despite normal localization, the protein was only partially functional due to the lack of DIL domain sequences, resulting in limited recovery of pollen fertility. This study also provides a case for a novel molecular aspect of gene expression, i.e., cell layer-specific translation in anthers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ye Jiang
- Rice Functional Genomics Group, Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, the National University of Singapore 117604, Singapore
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Shanely RA, Van Gammeren D, Deruisseau KC, Zergeroglu AM, McKenzie MJ, Yarasheski KE, Powers SK. Mechanical ventilation depresses protein synthesis in the rat diaphragm. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2004; 170:994-9. [PMID: 15297271 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.200304-575oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolonged mechanical ventilation results in diaphragmatic atrophy and contractile dysfunction in animals. We hypothesized that mechanical ventilation-induced diaphragmatic atrophy is associated with decreased synthesis of both mixed muscle protein and myosin heavy chain protein in the diaphragm. To test this postulate, adult rats were mechanically ventilated for 6, 12, or 18 hours and diaphragmatic protein synthesis was measured in vivo. Six hours of mechanical ventilation resulted in a 30% decrease (p < 0.05) in the rate of mixed muscle protein synthesis and a 65% decrease (p < 0.05) in the rate of myosin heavy chain protein synthesis; this depression in diaphragmatic protein synthesis persisted throughout 18 hours of mechanical ventilation. Real-time polymerase chain reaction analyses revealed that mechanical ventilation, in comparison with time-matched controls, did not alter diaphragmatic levels of Type I and IIx myosin heavy chain messenger ribonucleic acid levels in the diaphragm. These data support the hypothesis that mechanical ventilation results in a decrease in both mixed muscle protein and myosin heavy chain protein synthesis in the diaphragm. Further, the decline in myosin heavy chain protein synthesis does not appear to be associated with a decrease in myosin heavy chain messenger ribonucleic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Andrew Shanely
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, USA
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Salerno MS, Thomas M, Forbes D, Watson T, Kambadur R, Sharma M. Molecular analysis of fiber type-specific expression of murine myostatin promoter. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2004; 287:C1031-40. [PMID: 15189813 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00492.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Myostatin is a negative regulator of muscle growth, and absence of the functional myostatin protein leads to the heavy muscle phenotype in both mouse and cattle. Although the role of myostatin in controlling muscle mass is established, little is known of the mechanisms regulating the expression of the myostatin gene. In this study, we have characterized the murine myostatin promoter in vivo. Various constructs of the murine myostatin promoter were injected into the quadriceps muscle of mice, and the reporter luciferase activity was analyzed. The results indicate that of the seven E-boxes present in the 2.5-kb fragment of the murine myostatin promoter, the E5 E-box plays an important role in the regulation of promoter activity in vivo. Furthermore, the in vitro studies demonstrated that MyoD preferentially binds and upregulates the murine myostatin promoter activity. We also analyzed the activity of the bovine and murine promoters in murine skeletal muscle and showed that, despite displaying comparable levels of activity in murine myoblast cultures, bovine myostatin promoter activity is much weaker than murine myostatin promoter in mice. Finally, we demonstrate that in vivo, the 2.5-kb region of the murine myostatin promoter is sufficient to drive the activity of the reporter gene in a fiber type-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mônica Senna Salerno
- Animal Genomics, AgResearch, Ruakura Research Centre, Private Bag 3123, East St., Hamilton, New Zealand
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