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Yadav R, Patel B. Insights on effects of Wnt pathway modulation on insulin signaling and glucose homeostasis for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus: Wnt activation or Wnt inhibition? Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129634. [PMID: 38272413 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major worldwide chronic disease and can lead to serious diabetic complications. Despite the availability of many anti-diabetic agents in the market, they are unable to meet the long-term treatment goals. Also, they cause many side effects which justify the need for novel class of anti-diabetic drugs with newer mechanism of action. Wnt signaling is one of such novel target pathways which can be explored for metabolic disorders. Many key components of the Wnt signaling are involved in the regulation of glucose homeostasis. Polymorphism in the Transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) gene, and mutations in the LRP5 (LDL Receptor Related Protein 5) gene lead to disturbed glucose metabolism and obesity. Despite of several years of research in this field, there is no concrete proof of concept available on whether Wnt activation or Wnt inhibition is the beneficial approach for the treatment of T2DM. Here, we have summarized the conclusions of relevant published research studies to give structured insights into possibilities to explore Wnt modulation as a novel target pathway for the treatment of T2DM. The review also highlights the present challenges and future opportunities towards the development of anti-diabetic small molecules targeting the Wnt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Yadav
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382481, India
| | - Bhumika Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382481, India.
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2
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Liu Y, Hu G, Jia Y, Qin L, Xu L, Chang Y, Li B, Li H. Wnt10b knockdown regulates the relative balance of adipose tissue-resident T cells and inhibits white fat deposition. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:272. [PMID: 38302806 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09249-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wnt10b is one of critical Wnt family members that being involved in networks controlling stemness, pluripotency and cell fate decisions. However, its role in adipose-resident T lymphocytes and further in fat metabolism yet remains largely unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS In the present study, we demonstrated a distinctive effect for Wnt10b on the relative balance of T lymphocytes in adipose tissue by using a Wnt10b knockdown mouse model. Wnt10b knockdown led to a reduction of adipose-resident CD4+ T cells and an elevation of Foxp3+/CD4+ Treg cells. Wnt10b-knockdown mice fed with standard diet showed less white fat deposition owing to the suppressed adipogenic process. Moreover, under high fat diet conditions, Wnt10b knockdown resulted in an alleviated obesity symptoms, as well as an improvement of glucose homeostasis and hepatic steatosis. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, we reveal an unexpected and novel function for Wnt10b in mediating the frequency of adipose-resident T cell subsets, that when knockdown skewing toward a Treg-dominated phenotype and further improving fat metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Geng Hu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Yanxin Jia
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Lining Qin
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Longfei Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Yaxin Chang
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Bin Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Haifang Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China.
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3
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Bao K, Jiao Y, Xing L, Zhang F, Tian F. The role of wnt signaling in diabetes-induced osteoporosis. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2023; 15:84. [PMID: 37106471 PMCID: PMC10141960 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-023-01067-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis, a chronic complication of diabetes mellitus, is characterized by a reduction in bone mass, destruction of bone microarchitecture, decreased bone strength, and increased bone fragility. Because of its insidious onset, osteoporosis renders patients highly susceptible to pathological fractures, leading to increased disability and mortality rates. However, the specific pathogenesis of osteoporosis induced by chronic hyperglycemia has not yet been fully elucidated. But it is currently known that the disruption of Wnt signaling triggered by chronic hyperglycemia is involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic osteoporosis. There are two main types of Wnt signaling pathways, the canonical Wnt signaling pathway (β-catenin-dependent) and the non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway (non-β-catenin-dependent), both of which play an important role in regulating the balance between bone formation and bone resorption. Therefore, this review systematically describes the effects of abnormal Wnt pathway signaling on bone homeostasis under hyperglycemia, hoping to reveal the relationship between Wnt signaling and diabetic osteoporosis to further improve understanding of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kairan Bao
- Department of Integrated Traditional & Western Medicine, Affiliated hospital of North, China University of Science and Technology, Jianshe South Road 73, Tangshan, 063000, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yinghua Jiao
- Department of Integrated Traditional & Western Medicine, Affiliated hospital of North, China University of Science and Technology, Jianshe South Road 73, Tangshan, 063000, Hebei, People's Republic of China
- North China University of Science and Technology, Bohai Road 21, Caofeidian Dis, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Xing
- Department of Integrated Traditional & Western Medicine, Affiliated hospital of North, China University of Science and Technology, Jianshe South Road 73, Tangshan, 063000, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Department of Integrated Traditional & Western Medicine, Affiliated hospital of North, China University of Science and Technology, Jianshe South Road 73, Tangshan, 063000, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Faming Tian
- Department of Integrated Traditional & Western Medicine, Affiliated hospital of North, China University of Science and Technology, Jianshe South Road 73, Tangshan, 063000, Hebei, People's Republic of China
- North China University of Science and Technology, Bohai Road 21, Caofeidian Dis, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, People's Republic of China
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4
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Zhu M, Fan Z. The role of the Wnt signalling pathway in the energy metabolism of bone remodelling. Cell Prolif 2022; 55:e13309. [PMID: 35811348 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bone remodelling is necessary to repair old and impaired bone caused by aging and its effects. Injury in the process of bone remodelling generally leads to the development of various bone diseases. Energy metabolism plays crucial roles in bone cell formation and function, the disorder of which will disrupt the balance between bone formation and bone resorption. MATERIALS AND METHODS Here, we review the intrinsic interactions between bone remodelling and energy metabolism and the role of the Wnt signalling pathway. RESULTS We found a close interplay between metabolic pathways and bone homeostasis, demonstrating that bone plays an important role in the regulation of energy balance. We also discovered that Wnt signalling is associated with multiple biological processes regulating energy metabolism in bone cells. CONCLUSIONS Thus, targeted regulation of Wnt signalling and the recovery of the energy metabolism function of bone cells are key means for the treatment of metabolic bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Zhu
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Research Unit of Tooth Development and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhipeng Fan
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Research Unit of Tooth Development and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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5
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Kurgan N, Islam H, Matusiak JBL, Baranowski BJ, Stoikos J, Fajardo VA, MacPherson REK, Gurd BJ, Klentrou P. Subcutaneous adipose tissue sclerostin is reduced and Wnt signaling is enhanced following 4-weeks of sprint interval training in young men with obesity. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15232. [PMID: 35312183 PMCID: PMC8935536 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Sclerostin is a Wnt/β-catenin antagonist, mainly secreted by osteocytes, and most known for its role in reducing bone formation. Studies in rodents suggest sclerostin can also regulate adipose tissue mass and metabolism, representing bone-adipose tissue crosstalk. Exercise training has been shown to reduce plasma sclerostin levels; but the effects of exercise on sclerostin and Wnt/β-catenin signaling specifically within adipose tissue has yet to be examined. The purpose of this study was to examine subcutaneous WAT (scWAT) sclerostin content and Wnt signaling in response to exercise training in young men with obesity. To this end, 7 male participants (BMI = 35 ± 4; 25 ± 4 years) underwent 4 weeks of sprint interval training (SIT) involving 4 weekly sessions consisting of a 5-min warmup, followed by 8 × 20 s intervals at 170% of work rate at VO2peak , separated by 10 s of rest. Serum and scWAT were sampled at rest both pre- and post-SIT. Despite no changes in serum sclerostin levels, we found a significant decrease in adipose sclerostin content (-37%, p = 0.04), an increase in total β-catenin (+52%, p = 0.03), and no changes in GSK3β serine 9 phosphorylation. There were also concomitant reductions in serum TNF-α (-0.36 pg/ml, p = 0.03) and IL-6 (-1.44 pg/ml, p = 0.05) as well as an increase in VO2peak (+5%, p = 0.03) and scWAT COXIV protein content (+95%, p = 0.04). In conclusion, scWAT sclerostin content was reduced and β-catenin content was increased following SIT in young men with excess adiposity, suggesting a role of sclerostin in regulating human adipose tissue in response to exercise training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nigel Kurgan
- Department of KinesiologyBrock UniversitySt. CatharinesOntarioCanada
- Centre for Bone and Muscle HealthBrock UniversitySt. CatharinesOntarioCanada
| | - Hashim Islam
- School of Health and Exercise SciencesUniversity of British Columbia OkanaganKelownaBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | | | - Bradley J. Baranowski
- Centre for Bone and Muscle HealthBrock UniversitySt. CatharinesOntarioCanada
- Department of Health SciencesBrock UniversitySt. CatharinesOntarioCanada
| | - Joshua Stoikos
- Department of KinesiologyBrock UniversitySt. CatharinesOntarioCanada
- Centre for Bone and Muscle HealthBrock UniversitySt. CatharinesOntarioCanada
| | - Val A. Fajardo
- Department of KinesiologyBrock UniversitySt. CatharinesOntarioCanada
- Centre for Bone and Muscle HealthBrock UniversitySt. CatharinesOntarioCanada
| | | | - Brendon J. Gurd
- Department of KinesiologyQueens UniversityKingstonOntarioCanada
| | - Panagiota Klentrou
- Department of KinesiologyBrock UniversitySt. CatharinesOntarioCanada
- Centre for Bone and Muscle HealthBrock UniversitySt. CatharinesOntarioCanada
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6
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Nie X, Wei X, Ma H, Fan L, Chen WD. The complex role of Wnt ligands in type 2 diabetes mellitus and related complications. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:6479-6495. [PMID: 34042263 PMCID: PMC8278111 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the major chronic diseases, whose prevalence is increasing dramatically worldwide and can lead to a range of serious complications. Wnt ligands (Wnts) and their activating Wnt signalling pathways are closely involved in the regulation of various processes that are important for the occurrence and progression of T2DM and related complications. However, our understanding of their roles in these diseases is quite rudimentary due to the numerous family members of Wnts and conflicting effects via activating the canonical and/or non-canonical Wnt signalling pathways. In this review, we summarize the current findings on the expression pattern and exact role of each human Wnt in T2DM and related complications, including Wnt1, Wnt2, Wnt2b, Wnt3, Wnt3a, Wnt4, Wnt5a, Wnt5b, Wnt6, Wnt7a, Wnt7b, Wnt8a, Wnt8b, Wnt9a, Wnt9b, Wnt10a, Wnt10b, Wnt11 and Wnt16. Moreover, the role of main antagonists (sFRPs and WIF-1) and coreceptor (LRP6) of Wnts in T2DM and related complications and main challenges in designing Wnt-based therapeutic approaches for these diseases are discussed. We hope a deep understanding of the mechanistic links between Wnt signalling pathways and diabetic-related diseases will ultimately result in a better management of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Nie
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Medical Sciences, People's Hospital of Hebi, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xiaoyun Wei
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Medical Sciences, People's Hospital of Hebi, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Han Ma
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Medical Sciences, People's Hospital of Hebi, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Lili Fan
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Medical Sciences, People's Hospital of Hebi, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Wei-Dong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Medical Sciences, People's Hospital of Hebi, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
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7
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Li FS, Li PP, Li L, Deng Y, Hu Y, He BC. PTEN Reduces BMP9-Induced Osteogenic Differentiation Through Inhibiting Wnt10b in Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:608544. [PMID: 33614622 PMCID: PMC7889951 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.608544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) is one of the most efficacious osteogenic cytokines. PTEN and Wnt10b are both implicated in regulating the osteogenic potential of BMP9, but the potential relationship between them is unknown. In this study, we determined whether PTEN could reduce the expression of Wnt10b during the osteogenic process initialized by BMP9 in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and the possible molecular mechanism. We find that PTEN is inhibited by BMP9 in MSCs, but Wnt10b is increased simultaneously. The BMP9-induced osteogenic markers are reduced by PTEN but increased by silencing PTEN. The effects of knockdown PTEN on elevating BMP9-induced osteogenic markers are almost abolished by knockdown of Wnt10b. On the contrary, the BMP9-increased ALP activities and mineralization are both inhibited by PTEN but almost reversed by the combination of Wnt10b. Bone masses induced by BMP9 are enhanced by knockdown of PTEN, which is reduced by knockdown of Wnt10b. The BMP9-increased Wnt10b is decreased by PTEN but enhanced by knockdown of PTEN. Meanwhile, the BMP9-induced Wnt10b is also reduced by a PI3K-specific inhibitor (Ly294002) or rapamycin, respectively. The BMP9-induced phosphorylation of CREB or Smad1/5/9 is also reduced by PTEN, but enhanced by PTEN knockdown. In addition, p-CREB interacts with p-Smad1/5/9 in MSCs, and p-CREB or p-Smad1/5/9 are both enriched at the promoter region of Wnt10b. Our findings indicate that inhibitory effects of PTEN on BMP9's osteogenic potential may be partially mediated through decreasing the expression of Wnt10b via the disturbance of interaction between CREB and BMP/Smad signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Shu Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Pei-Pei Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Deng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bai-Cheng He
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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8
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Romero M, Sabaté-Pérez A, Francis VA, Castrillón-Rodriguez I, Díaz-Ramos Á, Sánchez-Feutrie M, Durán X, Palacín M, Moreno-Navarrete JM, Gustafson B, Hammarstedt A, Fernández-Real JM, Vendrell J, Smith U, Zorzano A. TP53INP2 regulates adiposity by activating β-catenin through autophagy-dependent sequestration of GSK3β. Nat Cell Biol 2018; 20:443-454. [PMID: 29593329 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-018-0072-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Excessive fat accumulation is a major risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus and other common conditions, including cardiovascular disease and certain types of cancer. Here, we identify a mechanism that regulates adiposity based on the activator of autophagy TP53INP2. We report that TP53INP2 is a negative regulator of adipogenesis in human and mouse preadipocytes. In keeping with this, TP53INP2 ablation in mice caused enhanced adiposity, which was characterized by greater cellularity of subcutaneous adipose tissue and increased expression of master adipogenic genes. TP53INP2 modulates adipogenesis through autophagy-dependent sequestration of GSK3β into late endosomes. GSK3β sequestration was also dependent on ESCRT activity. As a result, TP53INP2 promotes greater β-catenin levels and induces the transcriptional activity of TCF/LEF transcription factors. These results demonstrate a link between autophagy, sequestration of GSK3β into late endosomes and inhibition of adipogenesis in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montserrat Romero
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Sabaté-Pérez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Víctor A Francis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Castrillón-Rodriguez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángels Díaz-Ramos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuela Sánchez-Feutrie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Xavier Durán
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Joan XXIII, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Sanitaria Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain
| | - Manuel Palacín
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - José María Moreno-Navarrete
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), Hospital of Girona 'Dr Josep Trueta', Girona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Birgit Gustafson
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, The Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ann Hammarstedt
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, The Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - José Manuel Fernández-Real
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), Hospital of Girona 'Dr Josep Trueta', Girona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joan Vendrell
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Joan XXIII, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Sanitaria Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain
| | - Ulf Smith
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, The Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Antonio Zorzano
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. .,Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
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9
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Jin T. Current Understanding on Role of the Wnt Signaling Pathway Effector TCF7L2 in Glucose Homeostasis. Endocr Rev 2016; 37:254-77. [PMID: 27159876 DOI: 10.1210/er.2015-1146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The role of the Wnt signaling pathway in metabolic homeostasis has drawn our intensive attention, especially after the genome-wide association study discovery that certain polymorphisms of its key effector TCF7L2 are strongly associated with the susceptibility to type 2 diabetes. For a decade, great efforts have been made in determining the function of TCF7L2 in various metabolic organs, which have generated both considerable achievements and disputes. In this review, I will briefly introduce the canonical Wnt signaling pathway, focusing on its effector β-catenin/TCF, including emphasizing the bidirectional feature of TCFs and β-catenin post-translational modifications. I will then summarize the observations on the association between TCF7L2 polymorphisms and type 2 diabetes risk. The main content, however, is on the intensive functional exploration of the metabolic role of TCF7L2, including the disputes generated on determining its role in the pancreas and liver with various transgenic mouse lines. Finally, I will discuss those achievements and disputes and present my future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianru Jin
- Division of Advanced Diagnostics, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
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10
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Wang R, Hong J, Liu R, Chen M, Xu M, Gu W, Zhang Y, Ma Q, Wang F, Shi J, Wang J, Wang W, Ning G. SFRP5 acts as a mature adipocyte marker but not as a regulator in adipogenesis. J Mol Endocrinol 2014; 53:405-15. [PMID: 25324487 DOI: 10.1530/jme-14-0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
WNT/β-catenin signalling is involved in regulating adipogenesis, and its dysregulation occurs in obesity. Secreted frizzled-related protein 5 (SFRP5) is a WNT protein inhibitor; however, its role in adipogenesis and obesity is controversial. In this study, we observed that SFRP5 mRNA levels were increased in the fat tissues of obese humans and mice. Sfrp5 expression was gradually induced during differentiation of white and brown adipocytes and was highly increased in mature adipocytes rather than preadipocytes. However, the effects of the exogenous overexpression of Sfrp5 indicated that Sfrp5 may not directly regulate adipogenesis in vitro under the conditions studied. Moreover, SFRP5 did not inhibit the canonical WNT/β-catenin signalling pathway in preadipocytes. Subsequently, we measured the levels of circulating SFRP5 in obese patients and non-obese subjects using ELISA and did not find any significant difference. Collectively, these findings indicate that Sfrp5 represents a candidate for a mature adipocyte marker gene. Our data provide new evidence concerning the role of SFRP5 in adipogenesis of white and brown adipocytes and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesShanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors and E-Institutes of Shanghai Universities, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, ChinaLaboratory for Endocrine and MetabolismInstitute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jie Hong
- Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesShanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors and E-Institutes of Shanghai Universities, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, ChinaLaboratory for Endocrine and MetabolismInstitute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Ruixin Liu
- Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesShanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors and E-Institutes of Shanghai Universities, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, ChinaLaboratory for Endocrine and MetabolismInstitute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Maopei Chen
- Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesShanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors and E-Institutes of Shanghai Universities, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, ChinaLaboratory for Endocrine and MetabolismInstitute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Min Xu
- Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesShanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors and E-Institutes of Shanghai Universities, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, ChinaLaboratory for Endocrine and MetabolismInstitute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Wiqiong Gu
- Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesShanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors and E-Institutes of Shanghai Universities, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, ChinaLaboratory for Endocrine and MetabolismInstitute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yifei Zhang
- Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesShanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors and E-Institutes of Shanghai Universities, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, ChinaLaboratory for Endocrine and MetabolismInstitute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Qinyun Ma
- Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesShanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors and E-Institutes of Shanghai Universities, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, ChinaLaboratory for Endocrine and MetabolismInstitute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesShanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors and E-Institutes of Shanghai Universities, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, ChinaLaboratory for Endocrine and MetabolismInstitute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Juan Shi
- Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesShanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors and E-Institutes of Shanghai Universities, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, ChinaLaboratory for Endocrine and MetabolismInstitute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jiqiu Wang
- Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesShanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors and E-Institutes of Shanghai Universities, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, ChinaLaboratory for Endocrine and MetabolismInstitute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Weiqing Wang
- Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesShanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors and E-Institutes of Shanghai Universities, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, ChinaLaboratory for Endocrine and MetabolismInstitute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Guang Ning
- Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesShanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors and E-Institutes of Shanghai Universities, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, ChinaLaboratory for Endocrine and MetabolismInstitute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesShanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors and E-Institutes of Shanghai Universities, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, ChinaLaboratory for Endocrine and MetabolismInstitute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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Devanathan S, Whitehead T, Schweitzer GG, Fettig N, Kovacs A, Korach KS, Finck BN, Shoghi KI. An animal model with a cardiomyocyte-specific deletion of estrogen receptor alpha: functional, metabolic, and differential network analysis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e101900. [PMID: 25000186 PMCID: PMC4085004 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen exerts diverse biological effects in multiple tissues in both animals and humans. Much of the accumulated knowledge on the role of estrogen receptor (ER) in the heart has been obtained from studies using ovariectomized mice, whole body ER gene knock-out animal models, ex vivo heart studies, or from isolated cardiac myocytes. In light of the wide systemic influence of ER signaling in regulating a host of biological functions in multiple tissues, it is difficult to infer the direct role of ER on the heart. Therefore, we developed a mouse model with a cardiomyocyte-specific deletion of the ERα allele (cs-ERα−/−). Male and female cs-ERα−/− mice with age/sex-matched wild type controls were examined for differences in cardiac structure and function by echocardiogram and differential gene expression microarray analysis. Our study revealed sex-differences in structural parameters in the hearts of cs-ERα−/− mice, with minimal functional differences. Analysis of microarray data revealed differential variations in the expression of 208 genes affecting multiple transcriptional networks. Furthermore, we report sex-specific differences in the expression of 56 genes. Overall, we developed a mouse model with cardiac-specific deletion of ERα to characterize the role of ERα in the heart independent of systemic effects. Our results suggest that ERα is involved in controlling the expression of diverse genes and networks in the cardiomyocyte in a sex-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sriram Devanathan
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Timothy Whitehead
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - George G. Schweitzer
- Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Science, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Nicole Fettig
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Attila Kovacs
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Kenneth S. Korach
- Laboratory of Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology, Receptor Biology Section, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Brian N. Finck
- Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Science, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Kooresh I. Shoghi
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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12
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Zhou D, Lezmi S, Wang H, Davis J, Banz W, Chen H. Fat accumulation in the liver of obese rats is alleviated by soy protein isolate through β-catenin signaling. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2014; 22:151-8. [PMID: 23512909 PMCID: PMC3690171 DOI: 10.1002/oby.20421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 02/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of soy protein isolate (SPI) on Wnt/β-catenin signaling in the liver of obese rats, as well as the roles of this pathway in regulating the hepatic fat accumulation. DESIGN AND METHODS Obese and lean Zucker rats were fed diets containing either casein or SPI as protein source for 17 weeks. Histology and biochemical analysis, real-time PCR, Western blot, immunostaining, short interfering RNA assay were performed for liver samples. RESULTS Our study showed that fat content was significantly lowered in the liver of SPI-fed obese rats, accompanied by a reduction in hepatocellular vacuolation, compared to the casein-fed control. β-Catenin protein level in the liver of obese rats was downregulated compared to the lean group, indicating that the obese genotype exhibits an overall reduction in Wnt signaling. Importantly the repression of β-catenin in the obese rats was alleviated by feeding the SPI diet. siRNA treatment in rat hepatoma cells confirmed that silencing of β-catenin exacerbated fatty acid-induced fat accumulation, which implicated an important function of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in hepatic fat metabolism. CONCLUSION SPI intake restored β-catenin signaling and alleviated hepatic fat accumulation and liver damage in the obese rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhou
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL
| | - Stephane Lezmi
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana, IL
| | - Huan Wang
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL
| | - Jeremy Davis
- Department of Animal Science, Food & Nutrition, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL
| | - William Banz
- Department of Animal Science, Food & Nutrition, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL
- Corresponding author: Hong Chen, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 472 Bevier Hall, MC-182, 905 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. Tel.: +1 217 244 6160; fax: +1 217 265 0925
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13
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Strakovsky RS, Lezmi S, Flaws JA, Schantz SL, Pan YX, Helferich WG. Genistein exposure during the early postnatal period favors the development of obesity in female, but not male rats. Toxicol Sci 2013; 138:161-74. [PMID: 24361872 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kft331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Genistein (Gen), the primary isoflavone in soy, has been shown to adversely affect various endocrine-mediated endpoints in rodents and humans. Soy formula intake by human infants has been associated with early age at menarche and decreased female-typical behavior in girls. Adipose deposition and expansion are also hormonally regulated and Gen has been shown to alter these processes. However, little is known about the impact of early-life soy intake on metabolic homeostasis in adulthood. The current study examined the impact of early-life Gen exposure on adulthood body composition (by magnetic resonance imaging) and the molecular signals mediating adipose expansion. From postnatal day (PND) 1 to 22, rat pups were daily orally dosed with 50mg/kg Gen to mimic blood Gen levels in human infants fed soy formula. Female but not male Gen-exposed rats had increased fat/lean mass ratio, fat mass, adipocyte size and number, and decreased muscle fiber perimeter. PND22 Gen-exposed females, but not males, had increased expression of adipogenic factors, including CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (Cebpα), CCAAT/enhancer binding protein beta (Cebpβ), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (Pparγ). Furthermore, Wingless-related MMTV integration site 10b (Wnt10b), a critical regulator of adipogenic cell fate determination, was hypermethylated and had decreased expression in adipose of PND22 Gen-exposed females. These data suggest that developmental Gen exposure in rats has gender-specific effects on adiposity that closely parallel the effects of a postweaning high-fat diet and underscore the importance of considering timing of exposure and gender when establishing safety recommendations for early-life dietary Gen intake.
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Giovanini AF, Deliberador TM, Tannuri Nemeth JE, Crivellaro VR, Portela GS, de Oliveira Filho MA, de Araujo MR, Zielak JC, Gonzaga CC. Leukocyte-platelet-rich plasma (L-PRP) impairs the osteoconductive capacity of the autograft associated to changes in the immunolocalization of TGF-β1 and its co-expression with Wnt10b and CD34 cells. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2013; 41:e180-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2013.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2012] [Revised: 01/02/2013] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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Jeong JY, Kim JS, Nguyen TH, Lee HJ, Baik M. Wnt/β-catenin signaling and adipogenic genes are associated with intramuscular fat content in the longissimus dorsi muscle of Korean cattle. Anim Genet 2013; 44:627-35. [PMID: 23742632 DOI: 10.1111/age.12061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Intramuscular fat (IMF) is an important trait that influences beef quality. In two studies, we examined the possible involvement of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in IMF deposition in Korean cattle. In study 1, using a group of bulls and steers, we found that castration, a non-genetic factor, decreased (P < 0.01) the expression of both the WNT10B and CTNNB1 genes, whereas it increased the expression of the Wnt antagonist secreted frizzled-related proteins 4 (SFRP4, P < 0.001) and the adipogenic CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EPB), alpha (CEBPA, P < 0.001) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG, P < 0.05) genes in longissimus dorsi muscle (LM) tissue. The WNT10B and CTNNB1 mRNA levels showed strong (P < 0.001) negative correlations (r = -0.68 and r = -0.73 respectively) with the IMF content, whereas the SFRP4, CEBPA and PPARG mRNA levels showed strong (P < 0.01) positive correlations (r = 0.70, 0.70 and 0.64 respectively) with the IMF content. Large variation still exists in the IMF content of steers, implying that genetic factors affect IMF deposition. Using a different group of steers, a correlation analysis in study 2 also showed that the expression of the WNT10B and CTNNB1 genes, and SFRP4 and adipogenic genes was negatively and positively associated with the IMF content respectively. Our findings suggest that downregulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway genes, but upregulation of Wnt antagonist SFRP4 and adipogenic gene expression following castration, contributes to increased IMF deposition in the LM. Our results demonstrate that both non-genetic factors (castration) and genetic variation within the steer group affect the gene expression pattern of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Jeong
- Division of Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Institute of Animal science, Rural Development Administration, #564 Omockchun-dong, Suwon, 441-706, Republic of Korea
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Rahman S, Czernik PJ, Lu Y, Lecka-Czernik B. β-catenin directly sequesters adipocytic and insulin sensitizing activities but not osteoblastic activity of PPARγ2 in marrow mesenchymal stem cells. PLoS One 2012; 7:e51746. [PMID: 23272157 PMCID: PMC3525589 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2012] [Accepted: 11/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lineage allocation of the marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to osteoblasts and adipocytes is dependent on both Wnt signaling and PPARγ2 activity. Activation of PPARγ2, an essential regulator of energy metabolism and insulin sensitivity, stimulates adipocyte and suppresses osteoblast differentiation and bone formation, and correlates with decreased bone mass and increased fracture rate. In contrast, activation of Wnt signaling promotes osteoblast differentiation, augments bone accrual and reduces total body fat. This study examined the cross-talk between PPARγ2 and β-catenin, a key mediator of canonical Wnt signaling, on MSC lineage determination. Rosiglitazone-activated PPARγ2 induced rapid proteolytic degradation of β-catenin, which was prevented by either inhibiting glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) activity, or blocking pro-adipocytic activity of PPARγ2 using selective antagonist GW9662 or mutation within PPARγ2 protein. Stabilization of β-catenin suppressed PPARγ2 pro-adipocytic but not anti-osteoblastic activity. Moreover, β-catenin stabilization decreased PPARγ2-mediated insulin signaling as measured by insulin receptor and FoxO1 gene expression, and protein levels of phosphorylated Akt (pAkt). Cellular knockdown of β-catenin with siRNA increased expression of adipocyte but did not affect osteoblast gene markers. Interestingly, the expression of Wnt10b was suppressed by anti-osteoblastic, but not by pro-adipocytic activity of PPARγ2. Moreover, β-catenin stabilization in the presence of activated PPARγ2 did not restore Wnt10b expression indicating a dominant role of PPARγ2 in negative regulation of pro-osteoblastic activity of Wnt signaling. In conclusion, β-catenin and PPARγ2 are in cross-talk which results in sequestration of pro-adipocytic and insulin sensitizing activity. The anti-osteoblastic activity of PPARγ2 is independent of this interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sima Rahman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, United States of America
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Piotr J. Czernik
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Yalin Lu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Beata Lecka-Czernik
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, United States of America
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Mori H, Prestwich TC, Reid MA, Longo KA, Gerin I, Cawthorn WP, Susulic VS, Krishnan V, Greenfield A, Macdougald OA. Secreted frizzled-related protein 5 suppresses adipocyte mitochondrial metabolism through WNT inhibition. J Clin Invest 2012; 122:2405-16. [PMID: 22728933 DOI: 10.1172/jci63604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Preadipocytes secrete several WNT family proteins that act through autocrine/paracrine mechanisms to inhibit adipogenesis. The activity of WNT ligands is often decreased by secreted frizzled-related proteins (SFRPs). Sfrp5 is strongly induced during adipocyte differentiation and increases in adipocytes during obesity, presumably to counteract WNT signaling. We tested the hypothesis that obesity-induced Sfrp5 expression promotes the development of new adipocytes by inhibiting endogenous suppressors of adipogenesis. As predicted, mice that lack functional SFRP5 were resistant to diet-induced obesity. However, counter to our hypothesis, we found that adipose tissue of SFRP5-deficient mice had similar numbers of adipocytes, but a reduction in large adipocytes. Transplantation of adipose tissue from SFRP5-deficient mice into leptin receptor-deficient mice indicated that the effects of SFRP5 deficiency are tissue-autonomous. Mitochondrial gene expression was increased in adipose tissue and cultured adipocytes from SFRP5-deficient mice. In adipocytes, lack of SFRP5 stimulated oxidative capacity through increased mitochondrial activity, which was mediated in part by PGC1α and mitochondrial transcription factor A. WNT3a also increased oxygen consumption and the expression of mitochondrial genes. Thus, our findings support a model of adipogenesis in which SFRP5 inhibits WNT signaling to suppress oxidative metabolism and stimulate adipocyte growth during obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Mori
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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High-efficiency transduction of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells by capsid-modified recombinant AAV2 vectors. Vaccine 2012; 30:3908-17. [PMID: 22497875 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.03.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2012] [Revised: 03/22/2012] [Accepted: 03/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorylation of surface-exposed tyrosine residues negatively impacts the transduction efficiency of recombinant AAV2 vectors. Pre-treatment of cells with specific cellular serine/threonine kinase inhibitors also significantly increased the transduction efficiency of AAV2 vectors. We reasoned that site-directed mutagenesis of surface-exposed serine residues might allow the vectors to evade phosphorylation and thus lead to higher transduction efficiency. Each of the 15 surface-exposed serine (S) residues was substituted with valine (V) residues, and the transduction efficiency of three of these mutants, S458V, S492V and S662V, was increased by up to ≈ 20-fold in different cell types. The S662V mutant was efficient in transducing human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs), a cell type not readily amenable to transduction by the conventional AAV vectors, and did not induce any phenotypic changes in these cells. Recombinant S662V-AAV2 vectors encoding a truncated human telomerase (hTERT) gene were generated and used to stimulate cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) against target cells. S662V-AAV2-hTERT vector-transduced DCs resulted in rapid, specific T-cell clone proliferation and generation of robust CTLs, which led to specific cell lysis of K562 cells. These studies suggest that high-efficiency transduction of moDCs by serine-modified AAV2 vectors is feasible, which supports the potential utility of these vectors for future human DCs vaccine studies.
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Zhou T, He X, Cheng R, Zhang B, Zhang RR, Chen Y, Takahashi Y, Murray AR, Lee K, Gao G, Ma JX. Implication of dysregulation of the canonical wingless-type MMTV integration site (WNT) pathway in diabetic nephropathy. Diabetologia 2012; 55:255-66. [PMID: 22016045 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-011-2314-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2011] [Accepted: 08/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS The wingless-type MMTV integration site (WNT) pathway mediates multiple physiological and pathological processes, such as inflammation, angiogenesis and fibrosis. The aim of this study was to investigate whether canonical WNT signalling plays a role in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. METHODS Expression of WNT ligands and frizzled receptors in the canonical WNT pathway in the kidney was compared at the mRNA level using real-time RT-PCR between Akita mice, streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and db/db mice and their respective non-diabetic controls. Renal function was evaluated by measuring the urine albumin excretion. Human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells were treated with high-glucose medium and 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE). Levels of β-catenin, connective tissue growth factor and fibronectin were determined by western blot analysis. RESULTS Some of the WNT ligands and frizzled receptors showed increased mRNA levels in the kidneys of Akita mice, streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and db/db mice compared with their non-diabetic controls. Renal levels of β-catenin and WNT proteins were upregulated in these diabetic models. Lowering the blood glucose levels by insulin attenuated the activation of WNT signalling in the kidneys of Akita mice. In cultured human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells, both high glucose and HNE activated WNT signalling. Inhibition of WNT signalling with a monoclonal antibody blocking LDL-receptor-related protein 6 ameliorated renal inflammation and fibrosis and reduced proteinuria in Akita mice. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION The WNT pathway is activated in the kidneys of models of both type 1 and 2 diabetes. Dysregulation of the WNT pathway in diabetes represents a new pathogenic mechanism of diabetic nephropathy and renders a new therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan Medical School, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Abstract
Peptide YY3-36 is a satiation hormone released postprandially into the bloodstream from L-endocrine cells in the gut epithelia. In the current report, we demonstrate PYY3-36 is also present in murine as well as in human saliva. In mice, salivary PYY3-36 derives from plasma and is also synthesized in the taste cells in taste buds of the tongue. Moreover, the cognate receptor Y2R is abundantly expressed in the basal layer of the progenitor cells of the tongue epithelia and von Ebner's gland. The acute augmentation of salivary PYY3-36 induced stronger satiation as demonstrated in feeding behavioral studies. The effect is mediated through the activation of the specific Y2 receptor expressed in the lingual epithelial cells. In a long-term study involving diet-induced obese (DIO) mice, a sustained increase in PYY3-36 was achieved using viral vector-mediated gene delivery targeting salivary glands. The chronic increase in salivary PYY3-36 resulted in a significant long-term reduction in food intake (FI) and body weight (BW). Thus this study provides evidence for new functions of the previously characterized gut peptide PYY3-36 suggesting a potential simple and efficient alternative therapeutic approach for the treatment of obesity.
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Guillemot J, Lukaszewski MA, Montel V, Delahaye F, Mayeur S, Laborie C, Dickes-Coopman A, Dutriez-Casteloot I, Lesage J, Breton C, Vieau D. Influence of prenatal undernutrition on the effects of clozapine and aripiprazole in the adult male rats: Relevance to a neurodevelopmental origin of schizophrenia? Eur J Pharmacol 2011; 667:402-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2011.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2010] [Revised: 03/16/2011] [Accepted: 04/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Dong SF, Hong Y, Liu M, Hao YZ, Yu HS, Liu Y, Sun JN. Berberine attenuates cardiac dysfunction in hyperglycemic and hypercholesterolemic rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2011; 660:368-74. [PMID: 21458442 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2011.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2010] [Revised: 01/24/2011] [Accepted: 03/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The positive effects of berberine (30 mg/kg/day, i.g. for 6 weeks) on cardiac dysfunction were evaluated in the rat model of hyperglycemia and hypercholesterolemia. Hyperglycemia and hypercholesterolemia were induced by feeding high-sucrose/fat diet (HSFD) consisting of 20% sucrose, 10% lard, 2.5% cholesterol, 1% bile salt for 12 weeks and streptozotocin (30 mg/kg, i.p.). The plasma sugar, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels were significantly increased (422, 194 and 82%, respectively) in the HSFD/streptozotocin-treated rats, when compared with control animals receiving normal diet and vehicle. Berberine treatment reduced the plasma sugar and lipid levels by 24-69% in the rat model of hyperglycemia and hypercholesterolemia. Cardiac functions signed as values of cardiac output, left ventricular systolic pressure, the maximum rate of myocardial contraction (+dp/dtmax), left ventricular end diastolic pressure and the maximum rate of myocardial diastole (-dp/dtmax) were injured by 16-55% in the hyperglycemic/hypercholesterolemic rats. Berberine increased cardiac output, left ventricular systolic pressure and +dp/dtmax by 64, 16 and 79%, but decreased left ventricular end diastolic pressure and -dp/dtmax by 121 and 61% in the rats receiving HSFD/streptozotocin, respectively, when compared with the drug-untreated rats of hyperglycemia and hypercholesterolemia. Berberine caused significant increase in cardiac fatty acid transport protein-1 (159%), fatty acid transport proteins (56%), fatty acid beta-oxidase (52%), as well as glucose transporter-4 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ), but decrease in PPARα mRNA and protein expression in hyperglycemic/hypercholesterolemic rats. These results indicated that berberine exerted protective effects on cardiac dysfunction induced by hyperglycemia/hypercholesterolemia through alleviating cardiac lipid accumulation and promoting glucose transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Fen Dong
- Department of Pharmacology, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
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Maiese K, Chong ZZ, Shang YC, Hou J. Novel avenues of drug discovery and biomarkers for diabetes mellitus. J Clin Pharmacol 2011; 51:128-52. [PMID: 20220043 PMCID: PMC3033756 DOI: 10.1177/0091270010362904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Globally, developed nations spend a significant amount of their resources on health care initiatives that poorly translate into increased population life expectancy. As an example, the United States devotes 16% of its gross domestic product to health care, the highest level in the world, but falls behind other nations that enjoy greater individual life expectancy. These observations point to the need for pioneering avenues of drug discovery to increase life span with controlled costs. In particular, innovative drug development for metabolic disorders such as diabetes mellitus becomes increasingly critical given that the number of diabetic people will increase exponentially over the next 20 years. This article discusses the elucidation and targeting of novel cellular pathways that are intimately tied to oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus for new treatment strategies. Pathways that involve wingless, β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)) precursors, and cytokines govern complex biological pathways that determine both cell survival and longevity during diabetes mellitus and its complications. Furthermore, the role of these entities as biomarkers for disease can further enhance their utility irrespective of their treatment potential. Greater understanding of the intricacies of these unique cellular mechanisms will shape future drug discovery for diabetes mellitus to provide focused clinical care with limited or absent long-term complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Maiese
- Department of Neurology, 8C-1 UHC, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 4201 St. Antoine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
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Delahaye F, Lukaszewski MA, Wattez JS, Cisse O, Dutriez-Casteloot I, Fajardy I, Montel V, Dickes-Coopman A, Laborie C, Lesage J, Breton C, Vieau D. Maternal perinatal undernutrition programs a “brown-like” phenotype of gonadal white fat in male rat at weaning. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2010; 299:R101-10. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00604.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Several studies indicate that maternal undernutrition sensitizes the offspring to the development of metabolic disorders, such as obesity. Using a model of perinatal maternal 50% food-restricted diet (FR50), we recently reported that rat neonates from undernourished mothers exhibit decreased leptin plasma levels associated with alterations of hypothalamic proopiomelanocortin system. The present study aimed at examining the consequences of FR50 on the brain-adipose axis in male rat neonates. Using quantitative RT-PCR array containing 84 obesity-related genes, we demonstrated that most of the genes involved in energy metabolism regulation are expressed in rat gonadal white adipose tissue (WAT) and are sensitive to maternal perinatal undernutrition (MPU). In contrast, hypothalamic gene expression was not substantially affected by MPU. Gene expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), a marker of brown adipocytes, showed an almost 400-fold stimulation in postnatal day 21 (PND21) FR50 animals, suggesting that their gonadal WAT possesses a brown-like phenotype. This was confirmed by histological and immunoshistochemical procedures, which demonstrated that PND21 FR50 gonadal adipocytes are multilocular, resembling those present in interscapular brown adipose tissue, and exhibit an overexpression of UCP1 and neuropeptide Y (NPY) at the protein level. Control animals contained almost exclusively “classical” unilocular white adipocytes that did not show high UCP1 and NPY labeling. After weaning, FR50 animals exhibited a transient hyperphagia that was associated with the disappearance of brown-like fat pads in PND30 WAT. Our results demonstrate that MPU delays the maturation of gonadal WAT during critical developmental time windows, suggesting that it could have long-term consequences on body weight regulation in the offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Delahaye
- Unité Environnement Périnatal et Croissance EA 4489, Université Lille-Nord de France, Equipe Dénutritions Maternelles Périnatales, Université de Lille 1, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Marie-Amélie Lukaszewski
- Unité Environnement Périnatal et Croissance EA 4489, Université Lille-Nord de France, Equipe Dénutritions Maternelles Périnatales, Université de Lille 1, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Jean-Sébastien Wattez
- Unité Environnement Périnatal et Croissance EA 4489, Université Lille-Nord de France, Equipe Dénutritions Maternelles Périnatales, Université de Lille 1, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Ouma Cisse
- Unité Environnement Périnatal et Croissance EA 4489, Université Lille-Nord de France, Equipe Dénutritions Maternelles Périnatales, Université de Lille 1, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Isabelle Dutriez-Casteloot
- Unité Environnement Périnatal et Croissance EA 4489, Université Lille-Nord de France, Equipe Dénutritions Maternelles Périnatales, Université de Lille 1, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Isabelle Fajardy
- Unité Environnement Périnatal et Croissance EA 4489, Université Lille-Nord de France, Equipe Dénutritions Maternelles Périnatales, Université de Lille 1, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Valérie Montel
- Unité Environnement Périnatal et Croissance EA 4489, Université Lille-Nord de France, Equipe Dénutritions Maternelles Périnatales, Université de Lille 1, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Anne Dickes-Coopman
- Unité Environnement Périnatal et Croissance EA 4489, Université Lille-Nord de France, Equipe Dénutritions Maternelles Périnatales, Université de Lille 1, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Christine Laborie
- Unité Environnement Périnatal et Croissance EA 4489, Université Lille-Nord de France, Equipe Dénutritions Maternelles Périnatales, Université de Lille 1, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Jean Lesage
- Unité Environnement Périnatal et Croissance EA 4489, Université Lille-Nord de France, Equipe Dénutritions Maternelles Périnatales, Université de Lille 1, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Christophe Breton
- Unité Environnement Périnatal et Croissance EA 4489, Université Lille-Nord de France, Equipe Dénutritions Maternelles Périnatales, Université de Lille 1, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Didier Vieau
- Unité Environnement Périnatal et Croissance EA 4489, Université Lille-Nord de France, Equipe Dénutritions Maternelles Périnatales, Université de Lille 1, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
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Maiese K, Shang YC, Chong ZZ, Hou J. Diabetes mellitus: channeling care through cellular discovery. Curr Neurovasc Res 2010; 7:59-64. [PMID: 20158461 DOI: 10.2174/156720210790820217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2009] [Accepted: 12/29/2009] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) impacts a significant portion of the world's population and care for this disorder places an economic burden on the gross domestic product for any particular country. Furthermore, both Type 1 and Type 2 DM are becoming increasingly prevalent and there is increased incidence of impaired glucose tolerance in the young. The complications of DM are protean and can involve multiple systems throughout the body that are susceptible to the detrimental effects of oxidative stress and apoptotic cell injury. For these reasons, innovative strategies are necessary for the implementation of new treatments for DM that are generated through the further understanding of cellular pathways that govern the pathological consequences of DM. In particular, both the precursor for the coenzyme beta-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)), nicotinamide, and the growth factor erythropoietin offer novel platforms for drug discovery that involve cellular metabolic homeostasis and inflammatory cell control. Interestingly, these agents and their tightly associated pathways that consist of cell cycle regulation, protein kinase B, forkhead transcription factors, and Wnt signaling also function in a broader sense as biomarkers for disease onset and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Maiese
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Cerebral Ischemia, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA.
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26
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Abstract
At the cellular level, the biological processes of cell proliferation, growth arrest, differentiation and apoptosis are all tightly coupled to appropriate alterations in metabolic status. In the case of cell proliferation, this requires redirecting metabolic pathways to provide the fuel and basic components for new cells. Ultimately, the successful co-ordination of cell-specific biology with cellular metabolism underscores multicellular processes as diverse as embryonic development, adult tissue remodelling and cancer cell biology. The Wnt signalling network has been implicated in all of these areas. While each of the Wnt-dependent signalling pathways are being individually delineated in a range of experimental systems, our understanding of how they integrate and regulate cellular metabolism is still in its infancy. In the present review we reassess the roles of Wnt signalling in functionally linking cellular metabolism to tissue development and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaswinder K Sethi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Level 4, Institute of Metabolic Science, Box 289, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB20QQ, U.K.
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Abstract
Intracellular signalling mediated by secreted Wnt proteins is essential for the establishment of cell fates and proper tissue patterning during embryo development and for the regulation of tissue homeostasis and stem cell function in adult tissues. Aberrant activation of Wnt signalling pathways has been directly linked to the genesis of different tumours. Here, the components and molecular mechanisms implicated in the transduction of Wnt signal, along with important results supporting a central role for this signalling pathway in stem cell function regulation and carcinogenesis will be briefl y reviewed.
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Warodomwichit D, Arnett DK, Kabagambe EK, Tsai MY, Hixson JE, Straka RJ, Province M, An P, Lai CQ, Borecki I, Ordovas JM. Polyunsaturated fatty acids modulate the effect of TCF7L2 gene variants on postprandial lipemia. J Nutr 2009; 139:439-46. [PMID: 19141698 PMCID: PMC2714378 DOI: 10.3945/jn.108.096461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) has been recently associated with diabetes risk, and it may exert its effect through metabolic syndrome (MetS)-related traits and be subjected to modification by environmental factors. We investigated the effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), rs7903146 and rs12255372, within the TCF7L2 locus on postprandial lipemia and other MetS-related traits and their modulation by dietary fat. Data were collected from 1083 European Americans participating in the Genetics of Lipid Lowering Drugs and Diet Network Study. Carriers of the minor T allele at the C/T rs7903146 SNP had higher fasting plasma glucose (P = 0.012), lower homeostasis model assessment of beta cell function (P = 0.041), higher plasma VLDL (P = 0.035), and lower large LDL particle (P = 0.007) concentrations and higher risk of MetS (P = 0.011) than CC individuals. Moreover, we identified significant interactions between this SNP and PUFA intake modulating fasting VLDL particle concentrations (P = 0.016) and postprandial triglycerides (TG) (P = 0.028), chylomicrons (P = 0.025), total VLDL (P = 0.026), and large VLDL (P = 0.018) concentrations. Thus, only T allele carriers with a PUFA intake > or = 7.36% of energy had elevated fasting plasma VLDL concentrations and postprandial TG-rich lipoproteins. These variables did not differ in T allele carriers and noncarriers in the low-PUFA intake group. Moreover, these significant interactions were due exclusively to (n-6) PUFA intake. In summary, high (n-6) PUFA intakes (> or = 6.62% of energy intake) were associated with atherogenic dyslipidemia in carriers of the minor T allele at the TCF7L2 rs7903146 SNP and may predispose them to MetS, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daruneewan Warodomwichit
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111; University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 55294; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455; University of Texas, School of Public Health, Houston, TX 77225, and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108
| | - Donna K. Arnett
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111; University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 55294; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455; University of Texas, School of Public Health, Houston, TX 77225, and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108
| | - Edmond K. Kabagambe
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111; University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 55294; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455; University of Texas, School of Public Health, Houston, TX 77225, and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108
| | - Michael Y. Tsai
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111; University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 55294; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455; University of Texas, School of Public Health, Houston, TX 77225, and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108
| | - James E. Hixson
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111; University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 55294; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455; University of Texas, School of Public Health, Houston, TX 77225, and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108
| | - Robert J. Straka
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111; University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 55294; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455; University of Texas, School of Public Health, Houston, TX 77225, and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108
| | - Michael Province
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111; University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 55294; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455; University of Texas, School of Public Health, Houston, TX 77225, and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108
| | - Ping An
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111; University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 55294; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455; University of Texas, School of Public Health, Houston, TX 77225, and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108
| | - Chao-Qiang Lai
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111; University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 55294; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455; University of Texas, School of Public Health, Houston, TX 77225, and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108
| | - Ingrid Borecki
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111; University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 55294; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455; University of Texas, School of Public Health, Houston, TX 77225, and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108
| | - Jose M. Ordovas
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111; University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 55294; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455; University of Texas, School of Public Health, Houston, TX 77225, and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108
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Maiese K, Chong ZZ, Shang YC, Hou J. Rogue proliferation versus restorative protection: where do we draw the line for Wnt and forkhead signaling? Expert Opin Ther Targets 2008; 12:905-16. [PMID: 18554157 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.12.7.905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disease entities such as diabetes, neurodegeneration and cardiovascular disorders affect a significant portion of the world's population. OBJECTIVE Given that cellular survival and longevity in multiple disorders are tied to oxidative stress, apoptotic cell injury and immune system deregulation, the development of robust therapeutic strategies rests heavily upon the ability to balance each of these parameters. METHODS Here we discuss two exciting signaling pathways, namely Wnt and mammalian forkhead transcription factors predominantly of the O class superfamily, which can share integrated cytoprotective pathways during oxidative stress but may also adversely influence cellular survival and promote cancer cell proliferation. CONCLUSION Future investigations must elucidate the cellular determinants that govern the ability of Wnt and forkhead proteins to promote cellular longevity and possible disease remission but also allow for detrimental biological consequences and clinical compromise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Maiese
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, 8C-1 UHC, 4201 Street, Antoine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
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31
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Maiese K. Triple play: promoting neurovascular longevity with nicotinamide, WNT, and erythropoietin in diabetes mellitus. Biomed Pharmacother 2008; 62:218-32. [PMID: 18342481 PMCID: PMC2431130 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2008.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2008] [Accepted: 01/23/2008] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a principal pathway for the dysfunction and ultimate destruction of cells in the neuronal and vascular systems for several disease entities, not promoting the ravages of oxidative stress to any less of a degree than diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus is increasing in incidence as a result of changes in human behavior that relate to diet and daily exercise and is predicted to affect almost 400 million individuals worldwide in another two decades. Furthermore, both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus can lead to significant disability in the nervous and cardiovascular systems, such as cognitive loss and cardiac insufficiency. As a result, innovative strategies that directly target oxidative stress to preserve neuronal and vascular longevity could offer viable therapeutic options to diabetic patients in addition to more conventional treatments that are designed to control serum glucose levels. Here we discuss the novel application of nicotinamide, Wnt signaling, and erythropoietin that modulate cellular oxidative stress and offer significant promise for the prevention of diabetic complications in the nervous and vascular systems. Essential to this process is the precise focus upon diverse as well as common cellular pathways governed by nicotinamide, Wnt signaling, and erythropoietin to outline not only the potential benefits, but also the challenges and possible detriments of these therapies. In this way, new avenues of investigation can hopefully bypass toxic complications, or at the very least, avoid contraindications that may limit care and offer both safe and robust clinical treatment for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Maiese
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Cerebral Ischemia, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
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Maiese K, Li F, Chong ZZ, Shang YC. The Wnt signaling pathway: aging gracefully as a protectionist? Pharmacol Ther 2008; 118:58-81. [PMID: 18313758 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2008.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2008] [Accepted: 01/18/2008] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
No longer considered to be exclusive to cellular developmental pathways, the Wnt family of secreted cysteine-rich glycosylated proteins has emerged as versatile targets for a variety of conditions that involve cardiovascular disease, aging, cancer, diabetes, neurodegeneration, and inflammation. In particular, modulation of Wnt signaling may fill a critical void for the treatment of disorders that impact upon both cellular survival and cellular longevity. Yet, in some scenarios, Wnt signaling can become the catalyst for disease development or promote cell senescence that can compromise clinical utility. This double edge sword in regards to the role of Wnt and its signaling pathways highlights the critical need to further elucidate the cellular mechanisms governed by Wnt in conjunction with the development of robust pharmacological ligands that may open new avenues for disease treatment. Here we discuss the influence of the Wnt pathway during cell survival, metabolism, and aging in order for one to gain a greater insight for the novel role of Wnt signaling as well as exemplify its unique cellular pathways that influence both normal physiology and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Maiese
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Cerebral Ischemia, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA.
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