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Rao E, Hou Y, Huang X, Wang L, Wang J, Zheng W, Yang H, Yu X, Yang K, Bugno J, Ding X, Vokes E, Fu YX, Weichselbaum RR, Liang HL. All-trans retinoic acid overcomes solid tumor radioresistance by inducing inflammatory macrophages. Sci Immunol 2021; 6. [PMID: 34723044 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aba8426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) is an important anti-cancer treatment modality that activates innate and adaptive immune responses. When all-trans retinoic acid (RA) was administered with radiation, we observed superior antitumor responses compared to ionizing radiation (IR) alone or RA alone. The superior antitumor effects of combination treatment were accompanied by a dramatic increase of TNF-α- and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)-producing inflammatory macrophages in local and distal non-irradiated (distal) tumors. Inflammatory macrophages are essential for the therapeutic efficacy of combination treatment by inducing effector T cell infiltration and enhancing the effector T cell to regulatory T cell ratio in local and distal tumors. T cells and T cell-derived IFN-γ are crucial for increasing inflammatory macrophage levels in IR and RA treated tumors. Notably, whereas CD8+ T cells are required for the antitumor response to IR, CD4+ T cells are required for the effectiveness of the IR and RA combination. Combination treatment with RA enhanced the abscopal response when radiation and PD-L1 blockade were used together. The synergistic positive feedback loop of inflammatory macrophages and adaptive immunity is required for the antitumor efficacy of IR plus RA combination treatment. Our findings provide a translational and relatively nontoxic strategy for enhancing the local and systemic antitumor effects of IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enyu Rao
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuzhu Hou
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, ShaanXi 710061, China
| | - Xiaona Huang
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Liangliang Wang
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jiaai Wang
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Wenxin Zheng
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hengjin Yang
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinshuang Yu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital with Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Kaiting Yang
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jason Bugno
- Committee on Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, University of Chicago
| | - Xingchen Ding
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Everett Vokes
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yang-Xin Fu
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwest Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ralph R Weichselbaum
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hua L Liang
- Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Pantazi E, Marks E, Stolarczyk E, Lycke N, Noelle RJ, Elgueta R. Cutting Edge: Retinoic Acid Signaling in B Cells Is Essential for Oral Immunization and Microflora Composition. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 195:1368-71. [PMID: 26163586 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1500989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA) is a critical regulator of the intestinal adaptive immune response. However, the intrinsic impact of RA on B cell differentiation in the regulation of gut humoral immunity in vivo has never been directly shown. To address this issue, we have been able to generate a mouse model where B cells specifically express a dominant-negative receptor α for RA. In this study, we show that the silencing of RA signaling in B cells reduces the numbers of IgA(+) Ab-secreting cells both in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that RA has a direct effect on IgA plasma cell differentiation. Moreover, the lack of RA signaling in B cells abrogates Ag-specific IgA responses after oral immunization and affects the microbiota composition. In conclusion, these results suggest that RA signaling in B cells through the RA receptor α is important to generate an effective gut humoral response and to maintain a normal microbiota composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirini Pantazi
- Department of Immune Regulation and Intervention, Division of Transplantation Immunology and Mucosal Biology, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Ellen Marks
- Department of Mucosal Immunology, Division of Transplantation Immunology and Mucosal Biology, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Emilie Stolarczyk
- Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Nils Lycke
- Mucosal Immunobiology and Vaccines Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; and
| | - Randolph J Noelle
- Department of Immune Regulation and Intervention, Division of Transplantation Immunology and Mucosal Biology, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dartmouth Medical School and Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Lebanon, NH 03755
| | - Raul Elgueta
- Department of Immune Regulation and Intervention, Division of Transplantation Immunology and Mucosal Biology, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom;
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Guo Y, Brown C, Ortiz C, Noelle RJ. Leukocyte homing, fate, and function are controlled by retinoic acid. Physiol Rev 2015; 95:125-48. [PMID: 25540140 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00032.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Although vitamin A was recognized as an "anti-infective vitamin" over 90 years ago, the mechanism of how vitamin A regulates immunity is only beginning to be understood. Early studies which focused on the immune responses in vitamin A-deficient (VAD) animals clearly demonstrated compromised immunity and consequently increased susceptibility to infectious disease. The active form of vitamin A, retinoic acid (RA), has been shown to have a profound impact on the homing and differentiation of leukocytes. Both pharmacological and genetic approaches have been applied to the understanding of how RA regulates the development and differentiation of various immune cell subsets, and how RA influences the development of immunity versus tolerance. These studies clearly show that RA profoundly impacts on cell- and humoral-mediated immunity. In this review, the early findings on the complex relationship between VAD and immunity are discussed as well as vitamin A metabolism and signaling within hematopoietic cells. Particular attention is focused on how RA impacts on T-cell lineage commitment and plasticity in various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Guo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dartmouth Medical School, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire; and Medical Research Council Centre of Transplantation, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, King's Health Partners, London, United Kingdom
| | - Chrysothemis Brown
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dartmouth Medical School, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire; and Medical Research Council Centre of Transplantation, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, King's Health Partners, London, United Kingdom
| | - Carla Ortiz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dartmouth Medical School, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire; and Medical Research Council Centre of Transplantation, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, King's Health Partners, London, United Kingdom
| | - Randolph J Noelle
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dartmouth Medical School, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire; and Medical Research Council Centre of Transplantation, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, King's Health Partners, London, United Kingdom
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Cabrera G, Fernández-Brando RJ, Abrey-Recalde MJ, Baschkier A, Pinto A, Goldstein J, Zotta E, Meiss R, Rivas M, Palermo MS. Retinoid levels influence enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli infection and Shiga toxin 2 susceptibility in mice. Infect Immun 2014; 82:3948-57. [PMID: 25001607 PMCID: PMC4187814 DOI: 10.1128/iai.02191-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) is a food-borne pathogen that produces Shiga toxin (Stx) and causes hemorrhagic colitis. Under some circumstances, Stx produced within the intestinal tract enters the bloodstream, leading to systemic complications that may cause the potentially fatal hemolytic-uremic syndrome. Although retinoids like vitamin A (VA) and retinoic acid (RA) are beneficial to gut integrity and the immune system, the effect of VA supplementation on gastrointestinal infections of different etiologies has been controversial. Thus, the aim of this work was to study the influence of different VA status on the outcome of an EHEC intestinal infection in mice. We report that VA deficiency worsened the intestinal damage during EHEC infection but simultaneously improved survival. Since death is associated mainly with Stx toxicity, Stx was intravenously inoculated to analyze whether retinoid levels affect Stx susceptibility. Interestingly, while VA-deficient (VA-D) mice were resistant to a lethal dose of Stx2, RA-supplemented mice were more susceptible to it. Given that peripheral blood polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) are known to potentiate Stx2 toxicity, we studied the influence of retinoid levels on the absolute number and function of PMNs. We found that VA-D mice had decreased PMN numbers and a diminished capacity to produce reactive oxygen species, while RA supplementation had the opposite effect. These results are in line with the well-known function of retinoids in maintaining the homeostasis of the gut but support the idea that they have a proinflammatory effect by acting, in part, on the PMN population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Cabrera
- Laboratorio de Patogénesis e Inmunología de Procesos Infecciosos, Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX) (CONICET), Academia Nacional de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Romina J Fernández-Brando
- Laboratorio de Patogénesis e Inmunología de Procesos Infecciosos, Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX) (CONICET), Academia Nacional de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Jimena Abrey-Recalde
- Laboratorio de Patogénesis e Inmunología de Procesos Infecciosos, Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX) (CONICET), Academia Nacional de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ariela Baschkier
- Servicio de Fisiopatogenia, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas-ANLIS Dr. Carlos Malbrán, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alipio Pinto
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jorge Goldstein
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Elsa Zotta
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Roberto Meiss
- Departamento de Patología, Centro de Estudios Oncológicos, Academia Nacional de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marta Rivas
- Servicio de Fisiopatogenia, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas-ANLIS Dr. Carlos Malbrán, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marina S Palermo
- Laboratorio de Patogénesis e Inmunología de Procesos Infecciosos, Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX) (CONICET), Academia Nacional de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Bhatt S, Qin J, Bennett C, Qian S, Fung JJ, Hamilton TA, Lu L. All-trans retinoic acid induces arginase-1 and inducible nitric oxide synthase-producing dendritic cells with T cell inhibitory function. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 192:5098-108. [PMID: 24790153 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1303073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic stellate cells (HSC) are a major source of the immunoregulatory metabolite all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), which may contribute to the generation of tolerogenic dendritic cells (DCs) in the liver. The present study seeks to clarify the mechanism(s) through which ATRA promotes the development of tolerogenic DCs. Although bone marrow-derived ATRA-treated DCs (RA-DCs) and conventional DCs had comparable surface phenotype, RA-DCs had diminished stimulatory capacity and could directly inhibit the expansion of DC/OVA-stimulated OT-II T cells. Arginase-1 (Arg-1) was found promote suppression because 1) ATRA was a potent inducer of Arg-1 protein and activity, 2) the Arg-1 inhibitor N(w)-hydroxy nor-l-arginine partially reversed suppression, and 3) the suppressive function of RA-DCs was partially compromised using OT-II T cells from GCN2(-/-) mice, which are insensitive to Arg-1. Inducible NO synthase (iNOS), however, was found to be a more significant contributor to RA-DC function because 1) ATRA potentiated the expression of IFN-γ-induced iNOS, 2) suppressive function in RA-DCs was blocked by the iNOS inhibitor N(G)-monomethyl-l-arginine, monoacetate salt, and 3) RA-DCs derived from iNOS(-/-) mice exhibited near complete loss of tolerogenic function, despite sustained Arg-1 activity. The expression of iNOS and the suppressive function of RA-DCs were dependent on both IFN-γ and ATRA. Furthermore, the in vivo behavior of RA-DCs proved to be consistent with their in vitro behavior. Thus, we conclude that ATRA enhances both Arg-1 and iNOS expression in IFN-γ-treated DCs, resulting in a tolerogenic phenotype. These findings elucidate mechanisms through which ATRA may contribute to liver immune tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumantha Bhatt
- Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Jie Qin
- Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Carole Bennett
- Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195; and
| | - Shiguang Qian
- Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195; Department of General Surgery, Transplantation Center, Digestive Disease Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - John J Fung
- Department of General Surgery, Transplantation Center, Digestive Disease Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Thomas A Hamilton
- Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195;
| | - Lina Lu
- Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195; Department of General Surgery, Transplantation Center, Digestive Disease Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195
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Kim YS, Kim EY, Moon J, Yoon TK, Lee WS, Lee KA. Expression of interferon regulatory factor-1 in the mouse cumulus-oocyte complex is negatively related with oocyte maturation. Clin Exp Reprod Med 2012; 38:193-202. [PMID: 22384442 PMCID: PMC3283079 DOI: 10.5653/cerm.2011.38.4.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2011] [Revised: 11/04/2011] [Accepted: 11/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We found previously that interferon regulatory factor (Irf)-1 is a germinal vesicle (GV)-selective gene that highly expressed in GV as compared to metaphase II oocytes. To our knowledge, the function of Irf-1 in oocytes has yet to be examined. The present study was conducted to determine the relationship between retinoic acid (RA) and RA-mediated expression of Irf-1 and the mouse oocyte maturation. METHODS Immature cumulus-oocyte-complexes (COCs) were collected from 17-day-old female mice and cultured in vitro for 16 hours in the presence of varying concentrations of RA (0-10 µM). Rate of oocyte maturation and activation was measured. Gene expression was measured by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and cytokine secretion in the medium was measured by Bio-Plex analysis. Apoptosis was analyzed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. RESULTS The rates of oocyte maturation to metaphase II and oocyte activation increased significantly with RA treatment (10 nM-1 µM). With 100 nM RA treatment, lowest level of Irf-1 mRNA and cumulus cell's apoptosis was found. Among 23 cytokines measured by Bio-Plex system, the substantial changes in secretion of tumor necrosis factor-α, macrophage inflammatory protein-1β, eotaxin and interleukin-12 (p40) from COCs in response to RA were detected. CONCLUSION We concluded that the maturation of oocytes and Irf-1 expression are negatively correlated, and RA enhances the developmental competence of mouse immature oocytes in vitro by suppressing apoptosis of cumulus cells. Using a mouse model, results of the present study provide insights into improved culture conditions for in vitro oocyte maturation and relevant cytokine production and secretion in assisted reproductive technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Sun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seoul, Korea
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7
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Gordy C, Dzhagalov I, He YW. Regulation of CD8(+) T cell functions by RARgamma. Semin Immunol 2009; 21:2-7. [PMID: 18715802 PMCID: PMC2615478 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2008.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2008] [Revised: 07/07/2008] [Accepted: 07/09/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Retinoic acid plays a key role in the development and function of the immune system; however, the contribution of each of the three retinoic acid receptors (RARs) to the T cell immune response is not yet well understood. Of these receptors, both RARalpha and RARgamma are expressed in T lymphocytes. While possible functional redundancy thus complicates understanding of the role of each receptor in T cells, emerging data suggest that RARalpha and RARgamma function differently in thymocyte development and that RARgamma is required for both primary and secondary CD8(+) T cell immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Gordy
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, United States
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Mora JR, von Andrian UH. Role of retinoic acid in the imprinting of gut-homing IgA-secreting cells. Semin Immunol 2008; 21:28-35. [PMID: 18804386 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2008.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2008] [Revised: 08/07/2008] [Accepted: 08/09/2008] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) lodging in the mucosa of the small intestine are derived from activated B cells that are thought to arise in gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT). Upon leaving the GALT, B cells return to the blood where they must express the gut-homing receptors alpha4beta7 and CCR9 in order to emigrate into the small bowel. Recent evidence indicates that gut-associated dendritic cells (DCs) in GALT induce gut-homing receptors on B cells via a mechanism that depends on the vitamin A metabolite retinoic acid (RA). In addition, although ASC associated with other mucosal tissues secrete IgA in an RA-independent fashion, the presence of high levels of RA in intestine and GALT can promote B cell class switching to IgA and thus, boost the production of IgA in the intestinal mucosa. Here, we discuss the role of RA in the imprinting of gut-homing ASC and the evidence linking RA with the generation of intestinal IgA-ASCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Rodrigo Mora
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, GRJ-815, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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9
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Abstract
Most antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) in mucosal tissues produce immunoglobulin A (IgA), the most abundant immunoglobulin in the body and the main class of antibody found in secretions. IgA-ASCs differentiate in the mucosal-associated lymphoid tissues and are usually considered as a homogeneous population of cells. However, IgA-ASCs that travel to the small intestine have unique characteristics in terms of their migratory requirements. These IgA-ASCs require the homing molecules alpha4beta7 and CCR9 to interact with their ligands, mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 and CCL25, which are constitutively expressed in the small intestine. Indeed, recent work has shown that IgA-ASCs specific for the small bowel are generated under different conditions as compared with IgA-ASCs in other mucosal compartments. Moreover, the mechanisms inducing IgA class switching may also vary according to the tissue where IgA-ASCs differentiate. Here we describe the mechanisms involved in the differentiation of IgA-ASCs in mucosal compartments, in particular those involved in the generation of gut-homing IgA-ASCs.
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10
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Zou F, Liu Y, Liu L, Wu K, Wei W, Zhu Y, Wu J. Retinoic acid activates human inducible nitric oxide synthase gene through binding of RARalpha/RXRalpha heterodimer to a novel retinoic acid response element in the promoter. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2007; 355:494-500. [PMID: 17306764 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.01.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2007] [Accepted: 01/30/2007] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Human inducible nitric oxide synthase (hiNOS) catalyzes nitric oxide (NO) which has a significant effect on tumor suppression and cancer therapy. Here we revealed the detailed molecular mechanism involved in the regulation of hiNOS expression induced by retinoic acid (RA). We showed that RARalpha/RXRalpha heterodimer was important in hiNOS promoter activation, hiNOS protein expression, and NO production. Serial deletion and site-directed mutation analysis revealed two half-sites of retinoic acid response element (RARE) spaced by 5bp located at -172 to -156 in the hiNOS promoter. EMSA and ChIP assays demonstrated that RARalpha/RXRalpha directly bound to this RARE of hiNOS promoter. Our results suggested the identification of a novel RARE in the hiNOS promoter and the roles of the nuclear receptors (RARalpha/RXRalpha) in the induction of hiNOS by RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
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11
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Türközkan N, Seven I, Erdamar H, Cimen B. Effect of vitamin A pretreatment on Escherichia coli-induced lipid peroxidation and level of 3-nitrotyrosine in kidney of guinea pig. Mol Cell Biochem 2005; 278:33-7. [PMID: 16180086 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-005-0602-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2004] [Accepted: 01/13/2005] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we report the effect of vitamin A (Vit A, retinol palpitate) on kidney lipid peroxidation and 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) levels induced after Escherichia coli administration to guinea pigs. Vit A was administrated intraperitoneally (i.p.) to guinea pigs at a dose 15,000 IU/kg per day for 7 days prior to E. coli injection. On day 8, the animals were injected i.p. with E. coli dosed at 12 x10(9) colony forming units per kilogram. Kidneys were collected 6 h after administration of E. coli. Malondialdehyde (MDA) as a lipid peroxidation product, and 3-NT levels were measured by reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography. There was a significant increase in MDA and 3-NT levels in lipopolysaccaharide-induced group (p<0.001). 3-NT was not detectable in kidney of normal control animals. However, Vit A administration prior to E. coli injection prevented 3-NT formation but did not prevent the rice in MDA level of kidney (p<0.001). Vit A alone did not alter the MDA level in the kidney of the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurten Türközkan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey,
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12
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Akdeniz N, Calka O, Ozbek H, Metin A. Anti-inflammatory effects of tretinoin (all-trans-retinoic acid) 0.1% and adapalene 0.1% in rats. Clin Exp Dermatol 2005; 30:570-2. [PMID: 16045694 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2230.2005.01859.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the anti-inflammatory effects of tretinoin (all-trans-retinoic acid) 0.1% cream and adapalene 0.1% gel were compared in rats to determine whether there was a difference between these agents. Thirty-six rats of either sex were divided into six groups (two control groups, and an etodolac, indomethacin, tretinoin and adapalene group) of six animals each. Each group was given different drugs or chemicals. The inhibitory activities of the drugs were determined on carrageenan-induced rat-paw oedema. The inhibition rate (53.48%) in the tretinoin group was found to be higher than adapalene and controls (P < 0.05). Adapalene was found to have an inhibition rate of 10.28%, and when compared with the other groups, was found to have no statistically significant anti-inflammatory activity. We conclude that tretinoin has a higher anti-inflammatory activity than adapalene and thus should be preferred for the treatment of inflammatory lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Akdeniz
- Department of Dermatology, Yüzüncü Yil University, Faculty of Medicine, Van, Turkey.
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Morita N, Iizuka K, Okita K, Oikawa T, Yonezawa K, Nagai T, Tokumitsu Y, Murakami T, Kitabatake A, Kawaguchi H. Exposure to pressure stimulus enhances succinate dehydrogenase activity in L6 myoblasts. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2004; 287:E1064-9. [PMID: 15292033 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00364.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Contraction of skeletal muscle generates pressure stimuli to intramuscular tissues. However, the effects of pressure stimuli, other than those created by electricity or nerve impulse, on physiological and biochemical responses in skeletal muscles are unknown. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of a pure pressure stimulus on metabolic responses in a skeletal muscle cell line. Atmospheric pressure was applied to L6 myoblasts using an original apparatus. Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity was evaluated by colorimetric assay using tetrazolium monosodium salt. The amounts of 2-deoxy-[(3)H]glucose uptake and lactate release were measured. SDH activity was 2.6- to 2.9-fold higher in pressurized L6 cells than in nonpressurized L6 cells (P < 0.01), and 2-deoxy-[(3)H]glucose uptake was 2.2-fold higher (P < 0.001). In addition, the amount of released lactate decreased from 6.8 to 3.7 mumol/dish when pressure was applied (P < 0.001). In contrast, the intracellular lactate contents of the pressurized cells were higher than those of nonpressurized cells (P < 0.01). However, the total amount of released lactate and intracellular lactate was lower in the pressurized cells than in nonpressurized cells. These findings demonstrate that a pure pressure stimulus enhances aerobic metabolism in L6 skeletal muscle cells and raise the possibility that elevated intramuscular pressure during muscle activity may be an important factor in stimulating oxidative metabolic responses in skeletal muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriteru Morita
- Dept. of Laboratory Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita-15 Nishi-7 Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
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14
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Kim BH, Kang KS, Lee YS. Effect of retinoids on LPS-induced COX-2 expression and COX-2 associated PGE(2) release from mouse peritoneal macrophages and TNF-alpha release from rat peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Toxicol Lett 2004; 150:191-201. [PMID: 15093674 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2004.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2003] [Revised: 12/31/2003] [Accepted: 01/19/2004] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Anti-inflammatory activity of retinoids has been demonstrated earlier, but their mechanism is poorly understood. In this study, we examined the effects of retinoids on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced prostaglandin (PG) E(2) production, an indicator of cyclooxygenase (COX) activity, and COX-2 protein expression in mouse peritoneal macrophages, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha release in rat peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) to elucidate their possible mechanism for anti-inflammation. All-trans retinoic acid (t-RA) and all-trans retinol significantly inhibited a LPS-induced PGE(2) production as assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) and COX-2 protein expression as assessed by Western blot assay in mouse peritoneal macrophages, after knocking out the COX-1 activity by aspirin. All-trans retinoic acid, but not all-trans retinol, inhibited LPS-induced TNF-alpha release as assessed by ELISA in rat PBMC. These findings suggest that the modulation of COX-2 and TNF-alpha release could be one of the possible pathways by which retinoids function as anti-inflammatory agents.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/pharmacology
- Blotting, Western
- Cells, Cultured
- Cyclooxygenase 2
- Dinoprostone/metabolism
- Enzyme Induction
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- Isoenzymes/biosynthesis
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/drug effects
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/enzymology
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism
- Lipopolysaccharides/toxicity
- Macrophages, Peritoneal/drug effects
- Macrophages, Peritoneal/enzymology
- Macrophages, Peritoneal/metabolism
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred ICR
- Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases/biosynthesis
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Retinoids/pharmacology
- Tretinoin/pharmacology
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism
- Vitamin A/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Bae-Hwan Kim
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea
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15
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Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized from L-arginine by NO synthase (NOS). As an endothelium-derived relaxing factor, a mediator of immune responses, a neurotransmitter, a cytotoxic free radical, and a signaling molecule, NO plays crucial roles in virtually every cellular and organ function in the body. The discovery of NO synthesis has unified traditionally diverse research areas in nutrition, physiology, immunology, pathology, and neuroscience. Increasing evidence over the past decade shows that many dietary factors, including protein, amino acids, glucose, fructose, cholesterol, fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, phytoestrogens, ethanol, and polyphenols, are either beneficial to health or contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic diseases partially through modulation of NO production by inducible NOS or constitutive NOS. Although most published studies have focused on only a single nutrient and have generated new and exciting knowledge, future studies are necessary to investigate the interactions of dietary factors on NO synthesis and to define the underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyao Wu
- Department of Animal Science and Faculty of Nutrition, Texas A&M University College Station, Texas 77843, USA.
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16
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Seguin-Devaux C, Devaux Y, Latger-Cannard V, Grosjean S, Rochette-Egly C, Zannad F, Meistelman C, Mertes PM, Longrois D. Enhancement of the inducible NO synthase activation by retinoic acid is mimicked by RARalpha agonist in vivo. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2002; 283:E525-35. [PMID: 12169446 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00008.2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We have previously shown that all-trans retinoic acid (atRA), the active metabolite of vitamin A, enhances the activation of the inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS II) pathway, a component of innate immunity, in rats in vivo. We investigated the relative contribution of retinoic acid receptor-alpha (RARalpha) and retinoid X receptors (RXRs) to NOS II activation triggered by LPS. Five-day supplementation with 10 mg/kg of either atRA or the RARalpha selective agonist Ro-40-6055, but not with 10 mg/kg of the pan-RXR agonist Ro-25-7386, enhanced the LPS-induced NOS II mRNA, protein expression in liver, and plasma nitrite/nitrate concentration. Both atRA and the RARalpha agonist (but not the RXR agonist) increased the number of peripheral T helper lymphocytes and plasma interferon-gamma concentration. Synergism between retinoids and LPS on NOS II activation within an organ coincided with synergism on interferon regulatory factor-1 mRNA expression but not with the level of expression of the RARalpha protein. These results suggest that, in vivo, atRA activates NOS II through RARalpha and contributes to characterizing the complex effect of retinoids on the host inflammatory/immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Seguin-Devaux
- Unité Propre de Recherche et d'Enseignement Supérieur-Equipe d'Accueil 3447 Lésions-Réparation: Remodelage Cardiaque et Artériel, Faculté de Médecine, Université Henri Poincaré, Nancy I, France
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17
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Massion PB, Moniotte S, Balligand JL. Nitric oxide: does it play a role in the heart of the critically ill? Curr Opin Crit Care 2001; 7:323-36. [PMID: 11805529 DOI: 10.1097/00075198-200110000-00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide regulates many aspects of myocardial function, not only in the normal heart but also in ischemic and nonischemic heart failure, septic cardiomyopathy, cardiac allograft rejection, and myocarditis. Accumulating evidence implicates the endogenous production of nitric oxide in the regulation of myocardial contractility, distensibility, heart rate, coronary vasodilation, myocardial oxygen consumption, mitochondrial respiration, and apoptosis. The effects of nitric oxide promote left ventricular mechanical efficiency, ie, appropriate matching between cardiac work and myocardial oxygen consumption. Most of these beneficial effects are attributed to the low physiologic concentrations generated by the constitutive endothelial or neuronal nitric oxide synthase. By contrast, inducible nitric oxide synthase generates larger concentrations of nitric oxide over longer periods of time, leading to mostly detrimental effects. In addition, the recently identified beta3-adrenoceptor mediates a negative inotropic effect through coupling to endothelial nitric oxide synthase and is overexpressed in heart failure. An imbalance between beta 1 and beta2-adrenoceptor and beta3-adrenoceptor, with a prevailing influence of beta3-adrenoceptor, may play a causal role in the pathogenesis of cardiac diseases such as terminal heart failure. Likewise, changes in the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase or inducible nitric oxide synthase within the myocardium may alter the delicate balance between the effects of nitric oxide produced by either of these isoforms. New treatments such as selective inducible nitric oxide synthase blockade, endothelial nitric oxide synthase promoting therapies, and selective beta3-adrenoceptor modulators may offer promising new therapeutic approaches to optimize the care of critically ill patients according to their stage and specific underlying disease process.
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Affiliation(s)
- P B Massion
- Department of Internal Medicine, Unit of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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18
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Oh GS, Pae HO, Seo WG, Shin MK, Kim IK, Chai KY, Yun YG, Kwon TO, Lim JS, Chung HT. Inhibitory effect of retinoic acid on expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase gene in l929 cells. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2001; 23:335-42. [PMID: 11694025 DOI: 10.1081/iph-100107334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation has been known to be associated with excess synthesis of nitric oxide (NO) by inducible NO synthase (iNOS). Retinoids have been reported to have anti-inflammatory activity, but the mechanism by which they can elicit this activity is poorly understood. The effects of retinoids on NO synthesis and iNOS gene expression in murine fibroblast L929 cells were examined. Treatment of the cells with interferon-y resulted in excess NO synthesis and iNOS gene expression. All-trans-retinoic acid significantly inhibited NO synthesis and iNOS gene expression in a dose-dependent manner. Similarly, 9-cis-retinoic acid also inhibited NO synthesis, but retinol did not show any inhibitory effect on NO synthesis. These findings suggest that the modulation of iNOS gene expression is another possible pathway by which retinoids may function as anti-inflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- G S Oh
- Medicinal Resources Research Center Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Chonbuk, South Korea
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19
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Austenaa LMI, Ross AC. Potentiation of interferon‐γ‐stimulated nitric oxide production by retinoic acid in RAW 264.7 cells. J Leukoc Biol 2001. [DOI: 10.1189/jlb.70.1.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Liv M. I. Austenaa
- Department of Nutrition, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, and
- Institute for Nutrition Research, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - A. Catharine Ross
- Department of Nutrition, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, and
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