1
|
Peng S, Cai X, Chen J, Sun J, Lai B, Chang M, Xing L. The role of CELF family in neurodevelopment and neurodevelopmental disorders. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 197:106525. [PMID: 38729272 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) bind to RNAs and are crucial for regulating RNA splicing, stability, translation, and transport. Among these proteins, the CUGBP Elav-like family (CELF) is a highly conserved group crucial for posttranscriptional regulation by binding to CUG repeats. Comprising CELF1-6, this family exhibits diverse expression patterns and functions. Dysregulation of CELF has been implicated in various neural disorders, encompassing both neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental conditions, such as Alzheimer's disease and autism. This article aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the CELF family's role in neurodevelopment and neurodevelopmental disorders. Understanding CELF's mechanisms may offer clues for potential therapeutic strategies by regulating their targets in neurodevelopmental disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siwan Peng
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and the Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Xinyi Cai
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and the Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Junpeng Chen
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Nantong University, China
| | - Junjie Sun
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and the Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Biqin Lai
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Chang
- School of Education Science, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China.
| | - Lingyan Xing
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and the Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Aranega AE, Franco D. Posttranscriptional Regulation by Proteins and Noncoding RNAs. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1441:313-339. [PMID: 38884719 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-44087-8_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Posttranscriptional regulation comprises those mechanisms occurring after the initial copy of the DNA sequence is transcribed into an intermediate RNA molecule (i.e., messenger RNA) until such a molecule is used as a template to generate a protein. A subset of these posttranscriptional regulatory mechanisms essentially are destined to process the immature mRNA toward its mature form, conferring the adequate mRNA stability, providing the means for pertinent introns excision, and controlling mRNA turnover rate and quality control check. An additional layer of complexity is added in certain cases, since discrete nucleotide modifications in the mature RNA molecule are added by RNA editing, a process that provides large mature mRNA diversity. Moreover, a number of posttranscriptional regulatory mechanisms occur in a cell- and tissue-specific manner, such as alternative splicing and noncoding RNA-mediated regulation. In this chapter, we will briefly summarize current state-of-the-art knowledge of general posttranscriptional mechanisms, while major emphases will be devoted to those tissue-specific posttranscriptional modifications that impact on cardiac development and congenital heart disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amelia E Aranega
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Diego Franco
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang S, Kim K, Gelvez N, Chung C, Gout JF, Fixman B, Vermulst M, Chen XS. Identification of RBM46 as a novel APOBEC1 cofactor for C-to-U RNA-editing activity. J Mol Biol 2023; 435:168333. [PMID: 38708190 PMCID: PMC11068304 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2023.168333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Cytidine (C) to Uridine (U) RNA editing is a post-transcription modification that is involved in diverse biological processes. APOBEC1 (A1) catalyzes the conversion of C-to-U in RNA, which is important in regulating cholesterol metabolism through its editing activity on ApoB mRNA. However, A1 requires a cofactor to form an "editosome" for RNA editing activity. A1CF and RBM47, both RNA-binding proteins, have been identified as cofactors that pair with A1 to form editosomes and edit ApoB mRNA and other cellular RNAs. SYNCRIP is another RNA-binding protein that has been reported as a potential regulator of A1, although it is not directly involved in A1 RNA editing activity. Here, we describe the identification and characterization of a novel cofactor, RBM46 (RNA-Binding-Motif-protein-46), that can facilitate A1 to perform C-to-U editing on ApoB mRNA. Additionally, using the low-error circular RNA sequencing technique, we identified novel cellular RNA targets for the A1/RBM46 editosome. Our findings provide further insight into the complex regulatory network of RNA editing and the potential new function of A1 with its cofactors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Wang
- Molecular and Computational Biology Section, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Kyumin Kim
- Molecular and Computational Biology Section, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Nicolas Gelvez
- Molecular and Computational Biology Section, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Claire Chung
- School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Jean-Francois Gout
- Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - Benjamin Fixman
- Programs in Biomedical and Biological Sciences (PIBBS), Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Marc Vermulst
- School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Xiaojiang S. Chen
- Molecular and Computational Biology Section, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
- Programs in Biomedical and Biological Sciences (PIBBS), Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
- Center of Excellence in NanoBiophysic, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Shimizu Y, Bandaru S, Hara M, Young S, Sano T, Usami K, Kurano Y, Lee S, Kumagai-Takei N, Takashiba S, Sano S, Ito T. An RNA-immunoprecipitation via CRISPR/dCas13 reveals an interaction between the SARS-CoV-2 5'UTR RNA and the process of human lipid metabolism. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10413. [PMID: 37369697 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36680-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We herein elucidate the function of SARS-CoV-2derived 5'UTR in the human cells. 5'UTR bound host cellular RNAs were immunoprecipitated by gRNA-dCas13 (targeting luciferase RNA fused to SARS-CoV-2 5'UTR) in HEK293T and A549 cells. The 5'UTR bound RNA extractions were predominantly enriched for regulating lipid metabolism. Overexpression of SARS-CoV-2 5'UTR RNA altered the expression of factors involved in the process of the human Mevalonate pathway. In addition, we found that HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors were shown to suppress SARS-CoV-2 5'UTR-mediated translation activities. In conclusion, we deduce the array of host RNAs interacting with SARS-CoV-2 5'UTR that drives SARS-CoV-2 translation and influences host metabolic pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yurika Shimizu
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan
- Department of Pathophysiology - Periodontal Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan
| | - Srinivas Bandaru
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan
- Koneru Lakshmaiah Educational Foundation, Green Fields, Vaddeswaram, Andhra Pradesh, 522302, India
| | - Mari Hara
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Sonny Young
- Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Toshikazu Sano
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kaya Usami
- Okayama University Medical School, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yuta Kurano
- Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Suni Lee
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Naoko Kumagai-Takei
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Shogo Takashiba
- Department of Pathophysiology - Periodontal Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan
| | - Shunji Sano
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Tatsuo Ito
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ouyang Q, Hu S, Chen Q, Xin S, He Z, Hu J, Hu B, He H, Liu H, Li L, Wang J. Role of SNPs located in the exon 9 of ATAPA1 gene on goose egg production. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102488. [PMID: 36774712 PMCID: PMC9943896 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The meat and egg of goose is one of the main components of human food supply. The improvement of goose egg production is particularly important for the increasing human population. However, limited information is available about the effective molecular markers and mechanisms of egg production in goose. In this study, we jointly utilized the data of genome resequencing in different egg production Sichuan white goose and transcriptome at different follicle development stages to identified the molecular markers and mechanisms of egg production. The coefficient of variation of individual egg production in Sichuan white goose population is 0.42 to 0.49. Fifty individuals with the highest (laying 365 days egg number, LEN365 = 79-145) and 50 individuals with the lowest (LEN365 = 8-48) egg production were divided into high and low egg production groups. Based on whole-genome sequencing data of the selected samples, 36 SNPs (annotation novel.12.470, CELF2, ATP1A1, KCNJ6, RAB4A, UST, REV3L, DHX15, CAVN2, SLC5A9, Cldn5, MRPS23, and Tspan2) associated with the LEN365 were identified, involving multiple pathways such as metabolism and endocrinology. Notably, 5 SNPs located in the exon9 of ATP1A1 were identified by GWAS analysis. The association analysis with LEN365 showed the phenotypic variance explained of this haplotype consisting of 5 SNPs is 20.51%. Through transcriptome data analysis, we found the expression of ATP1A1 in the granular layers was increased in the stage of small yellow follicle to large yellow follicle (LYF) and LYF to F5, while decreased in F2 to F1. For the first time, we report the haplotype region formed by 5 SNPS on exon9 of ATP1A1 is associated with egg production in goose and involved in follicle selection and maturation processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingyuan Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology (Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding), Sichuan Agricultural University, P. R. China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, P. R. China
| | - Shenqiang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology (Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding), Sichuan Agricultural University, P. R. China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, P. R. China
| | - Qingliang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology (Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding), Sichuan Agricultural University, P. R. China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Xin
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology (Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding), Sichuan Agricultural University, P. R. China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyu He
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology (Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding), Sichuan Agricultural University, P. R. China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, P. R. China
| | - Jiwei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology (Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding), Sichuan Agricultural University, P. R. China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, P. R. China
| | - Bo Hu
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology (Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding), Sichuan Agricultural University, P. R. China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, P. R. China
| | - Hua He
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology (Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding), Sichuan Agricultural University, P. R. China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, P. R. China
| | - Hehe Liu
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology (Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding), Sichuan Agricultural University, P. R. China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, P. R. China
| | - Liang Li
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology (Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding), Sichuan Agricultural University, P. R. China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, P. R. China
| | - Jiwen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology (Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding), Sichuan Agricultural University, P. R. China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Allele-biased expression of the bovine APOB gene associated with the cholesterol deficiency defect suggests cis-regulatory enhancer effects of the LTR retrotransposon insertion. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13469. [PMID: 35931741 PMCID: PMC9355974 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17798-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The insertion of an endogenous retroviral long terminal repeat (LTR) sequence into the bovine apolipoprotein B (APOB) gene is causal to the inherited genetic defect cholesterol deficiency (CD) observed in neonatal and young calves. Affected calves suffer from developmental abnormalities, symptoms of incurable diarrhoea and often die within weeks to a few months after birth. Neither the detailed effects of the LTR insertion on APOB expression profile nor the specific mode of inheritance nor detailed phenotypic consequences of the mutation are undisputed. In our study, we analysed German Holstein dairy heifers at the peak of hepatic metabolic load and exposed to an additional pathogen challenge for clinical, metabolic and hepatic transcriptome differences between wild type (CDF) and heterozygote carriers of the mutation (CDC). Our data revealed that a divergent allele-biased expression pattern of the APOB gene in heterozygous CDC animals leads to a tenfold higher expression of exons upstream and a decreased expression of exons downstream of the LTR insertion compared to expression levels of CDF animals. This expression pattern could be a result of enhancer activity induced by the LTR insertion, in addition to a previously reported artificial polyadenylation signal. Thus, our data support a regulatory potential of mobile element insertions. With regard to the phenotype generated by the LTR insertion, heterozygote CDC carriers display significantly differential hepatic expression of genes involved in cholesterol biosynthesis and lipid metabolism. Phenotypically, CDC carriers show a significantly affected lipomobilization compared to wild type animals. These results reject a completely recessive mode of inheritance for the CD defect, which should be considered for selection decisions in the affected population. Exemplarily, our results illustrate the regulatory impact of mobile element insertions not only on specific host target gene expression but also on global transcriptome profiles with subsequent biological, functional and phenotypic consequences in a natural in-vivo model of a non-model mammalian organism.
Collapse
|
7
|
Nasiri-Aghdam M, Garcia-Garduño TC, Jave-Suárez LF. CELF Family Proteins in Cancer: Highlights on the RNA-Binding Protein/Noncoding RNA Regulatory Axis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11056. [PMID: 34681716 PMCID: PMC8537729 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-transcriptional modifications to coding and non-coding RNAs are unquestionably a pivotal way in which human mRNA and protein diversity can influence the different phases of a transcript's life cycle. CELF (CUGBP Elav-like family) proteins are RBPs (RNA-binding proteins) with pleiotropic capabilities in RNA processing. Their responsibilities extend from alternative splicing and transcript editing in the nucleus to mRNA stability, and translation into the cytoplasm. In this way, CELF family members have been connected to global alterations in cancer proliferation and invasion, leading to their identification as potential tumor suppressors or even oncogenes. Notably, genetic variants, alternative splicing, phosphorylation, acetylation, subcellular distribution, competition with other RBPs, and ultimately lncRNAs, miRNAs, and circRNAs all impact CELF regulation. Discoveries have emerged about the control of CELF functions, particularly via noncoding RNAs, and CELF proteins have been identified as competing, antagonizing, and regulating agents of noncoding RNA biogenesis. On the other hand, CELFs are an intriguing example through which to broaden our understanding of the RBP/noncoding RNA regulatory axis. Balancing these complex pathways in cancer is undeniably pivotal and deserves further research. This review outlines some mechanisms of CELF protein regulation and their functional consequences in cancer physiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Nasiri-Aghdam
- División de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico;
- Doctorado en Genética Humana, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico;
| | - Texali C. Garcia-Garduño
- Doctorado en Genética Humana, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico;
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
| | - Luis Felipe Jave-Suárez
- División de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico;
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Nucleocytoplasmic transport of the RNA-binding protein CELF2 regulates neural stem cell fates. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109226. [PMID: 34107259 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of the cerebral cortex requires balanced expansion and differentiation of neural stem/progenitor cells (NPCs), which rely on precise regulation of gene expression. Because NPCs often exhibit transcriptional priming of cell-fate-determination genes, the ultimate output of these genes for fate decisions must be carefully controlled in a timely fashion at the post-transcriptional level, but how that is achieved is poorly understood. Here, we report that de novo missense variants in an RNA-binding protein CELF2 cause human cortical malformations and perturb NPC fate decisions in mice by disrupting CELF2 nucleocytoplasmic transport. In self-renewing NPCs, CELF2 resides in the cytoplasm, where it represses mRNAs encoding cell fate regulators and neurodevelopmental disorder-related factors. The translocation of CELF2 into the nucleus releases mRNA for translation and thereby triggers NPC differentiation. Our results reveal that CELF2 translocation between subcellular compartments orchestrates mRNA at the translational level to instruct cell fates in cortical development.
Collapse
|
9
|
He P, Tian N. Curcumin modulates the apolipoprotein B mRNA editing by coordinating the expression of cytidine deamination to uridine editosome components in primary mouse hepatocytes. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 23:181-189. [PMID: 31080349 PMCID: PMC6488708 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2019.23.3.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin, an active ingredient of Curcuma longa L., can reduce the concentration of low-density lipoproteins in plasma, in different ways. We had first reported that curcumin exhibits hypocholesterolemic properties by improving the apolipoprotein B (apoB) mRNA editing in primary rat hepatocytes. However, the role of curcumin in the regulation of apoB mRNA editing is not clear. Thus, we investigated the effect of curcumin on the expression of multiple editing components of apoB mRNA cytidine deamination to uridine (C-to-U) editosome. Our results demonstrated that treatment with 50 µM curcumin markedly increased the amount of edited apoB mRNA in primary mouse hepatocytes from 5.13%–8.05% to 27.63%–35.61%, and significantly elevated the levels of the core components apoB editing catalytic polypeptide-1 (APOBEC-1), apobec-1 complementation factor (ACF), and RNA-binding-motif-protein-47 (RBM47), as well as suppressed the level of the inhibitory component glycine-arginine-tyrosine-rich RNA binding protein. Moreover, the increased apoB RNA editing by 50 µM curcumin was significantly reduced by siRNA-mediated APOBEC-1, ACF, and RBM47 knockdown. These findings suggest that curcumin modulates apoB mRNA editing by coordinating the multiple editing components of the editosome in primary hepatocytes. Our data provided evidence for curcumin to be used therapeutically to prevent atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pan He
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Life Science College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Nan Tian
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Life Science College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lerner T, Papavasiliou FN, Pecori R. RNA Editors, Cofactors, and mRNA Targets: An Overview of the C-to-U RNA Editing Machinery and Its Implication in Human Disease. Genes (Basel) 2018; 10:E13. [PMID: 30591678 PMCID: PMC6356216 DOI: 10.3390/genes10010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most prevalent epitranscriptomic modifications is RNA editing. In higher eukaryotes, RNA editing is catalyzed by one of two classes of deaminases: ADAR family enzymes that catalyze A-to-I (read as G) editing, and AID/APOBEC family enzymes that catalyze C-to-U. ADAR-catalyzed deamination has been studied extensively. Here we focus on AID/APOBEC-catalyzed editing, and review the emergent knowledge regarding C-to-U editing consequences in the context of human disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taga Lerner
- Division of Immune Diversity, Program in Cancer Immunology, German Cancer Research Centre, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
- Division of Biosciences, Uni Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - F Nina Papavasiliou
- Division of Immune Diversity, Program in Cancer Immunology, German Cancer Research Centre, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Riccardo Pecori
- Division of Immune Diversity, Program in Cancer Immunology, German Cancer Research Centre, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kung CP, Maggi LB, Weber JD. The Role of RNA Editing in Cancer Development and Metabolic Disorders. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:762. [PMID: 30619092 PMCID: PMC6305585 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous human diseases arise from alterations of genetic information, most notably DNA mutations. Thought to be merely the intermediate between DNA and protein, changes in RNA sequence were an afterthought until the discovery of RNA editing 30 years ago. RNA editing alters RNA sequence without altering the sequence or integrity of genomic DNA. The most common RNA editing events are A-to-I changes mediated by adenosine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR), and C-to-U editing mediated by apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide 1 (APOBEC1). Both A-to-I and C-to-U editing were first identified in the context of embryonic development and physiological homeostasis. The role of RNA editing in human disease has only recently started to be understood. In this review, the impact of RNA editing on the development of cancer and metabolic disorders will be examined. Distinctive functions of each RNA editase that regulate either A-to-I or C-to-U editing will be highlighted in addition to pointing out important regulatory mechanisms governing these processes. The potential of developing novel therapeutic approaches through intervention of RNA editing will be explored. As the role of RNA editing in human disease is elucidated, the clinical utility of RNA editing targeted therapies will be needed. This review aims to serve as a bridge of information between past findings and future directions of RNA editing in the context of cancer and metabolic disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Che-Pei Kung
- ICCE Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States
| | - Leonard B. Maggi
- ICCE Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States
| | - Jason D. Weber
- ICCE Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States
- Siteman Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ladd AN. New Insights Into the Role of RNA-Binding Proteins in the Regulation of Heart Development. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 324:125-85. [PMID: 27017008 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2015.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The regulation of gene expression during development takes place both at the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) regulate pre-mRNA processing, mRNA localization, stability, and translation. Many RBPs are expressed in the heart and have been implicated in heart development, function, or disease. This chapter will review the current knowledge about RBPs in the developing heart, focusing on those that regulate posttranscriptional gene expression. The involvement of RBPs at each stage of heart development will be considered in turn, including the establishment of specific cardiac cell types and formation of the primitive heart tube, cardiac morphogenesis, and postnatal maturation and aging. The contributions of RBPs to cardiac birth defects and heart disease will also be considered in these contexts. Finally, the interplay between RBPs and other regulatory factors in the developing heart, such as transcription factors and miRNAs, will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A N Ladd
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Severi F, Conticello SG. Flow-cytometric visualization of C>U mRNA editing reveals the dynamics of the process in live cells. RNA Biol 2016; 12:389-97. [PMID: 25806564 PMCID: PMC4615904 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2015.1026033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
APOBEC1 is the catalytic subunit of the complex that edits ApolipoproteinB (ApoB) mRNA, which specifically deaminates cytidine 6666 to uracil in the human transcript. The editing leads to the generation of a stop codon, resulting in the synthesis of a truncated form of ApoB. We have developed a method to quantitatively assay ApoB RNA editing in live cells by using a double fluorescent mCherry-EGFP chimera containing a ∼300bp fragment encompassing the region of ApoB subject to RNA editing. Coexpression of APOBEC1 together with this chimera causes specific RNA editing of the ApoB fragment. The insertion of a stop codon between the mCherry and EGFP thus induces the loss of EGFP fluorescence. Using this method we analyze the dynamics of APOBEC1-dependent RNA editing under various conditions. Namely we show the interplay of APOBEC1 with known interactors (ACF, hnRNP-C1, GRY-RBP) in cells that are RNA editing-proficient (HuH-7) or -deficient (HEK-293T), and the effects of restricted cellular localization of APOBEC1 on the efficiency of the editing. Furthermore, our approach is effective in assaying the induction of RNA editing in Caco-2, a cellular model physiologically capable of ApoB RNA editing.
Collapse
Key Words
- ACF, APOBEC1 Complementation Factor
- ADAR, Adenosine Deaminase, RNA-specific
- ADAT, Adenosine Deaminase, tRNA-specific
- AID/APOBECs
- APOBEC1, Apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide 1
- ApoB, Apolipoprotein B
- EGFP, Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein
- FACS, Fluorescence activated cell sorting
- FBS, Fetal bovine serum
- GRY-RBP, Glycine-Arginine-Tyrosine-rich RNA-binding protein
- RBM47, RNA binding motif protein 47
- RNA editing
- cds, coding sequence
- cytosine deaminase
- hnRNP-C1, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C1
- lipid metabolism
- mRNA
- post-transcriptional modification
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Severi
- a Core Research Laboratory; Istituto Toscano Tumori ; Firenze , Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
Cytidine (C) to Uridine (U) RNA editing is a post-trancriptional modification that until recently was known to only affect Apolipoprotein b (Apob) RNA and minimally require 2 components of the C to U editosome, the deaminase APOBEC1 and the RNA-binding protein A1CF. Our latest work has identified a novel RNA-binding protein, RBM47, as a core component of the editosome, which can substitute A1CF for the editing of ApoB mRNA. In addition, new RNA species that are subjected to C to U editing have been identified. Here, we highlight these recent discoveries and discuss how they change our view of the composition of the C to U editing machinery and expand our knowledge of the functional attributes of C to U RNA editing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Fossat
- a Embryology Unit; Children's Medical Research Institute ; Westmead , Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Blanc V, Park E, Schaefer S, Miller M, Lin Y, Kennedy S, Billing AM, Hamidane HB, Graumann J, Mortazavi A, Nadeau JH, Davidson NO. Genome-wide identification and functional analysis of Apobec-1-mediated C-to-U RNA editing in mouse small intestine and liver. Genome Biol 2014; 15:R79. [PMID: 24946870 PMCID: PMC4197816 DOI: 10.1186/gb-2014-15-6-r79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND RNA editing encompasses a post-transcriptional process in which the genomically templated sequence is enzymatically altered and introduces a modified base into the edited transcript. Mammalian C-to-U RNA editing represents a distinct subtype of base modification, whose prototype is intestinal apolipoprotein B mRNA, mediated by the catalytic deaminase Apobec-1. However, the genome-wide identification, tissue-specificity and functional implications of Apobec-1-mediated C-to-U RNA editing remain incompletely explored. RESULTS Deep sequencing, data filtering and Sanger-sequence validation of intestinal and hepatic RNA from wild-type and Apobec-1-deficient mice revealed 56 novel editing sites in 54 intestinal mRNAs and 22 novel sites in 17 liver mRNAs, all within 3' untranslated regions. Eleven of 17 liver RNAs shared editing sites with intestinal RNAs, while 6 sites are unique to liver. Changes in RNA editing lead to corresponding changes in intestinal mRNA and protein levels for 11 genes. Analysis of RNA editing in vivo following tissue-specific Apobec-1 adenoviral or transgenic Apobec-1 overexpression reveals that a subset of targets identified in wild-type mice are restored in Apobec-1-deficient mouse intestine and liver following Apobec-1 rescue. We find distinctive polysome profiles for several RNA editing targets and demonstrate novel exonic editing sites in nuclear preparations from intestine but not hepatic apolipoprotein B RNA. RNA editing is validated using cell-free extracts from wild-type but not Apobec-1-deficient mice, demonstrating that Apobec-1 is required. CONCLUSIONS These studies define selective, tissue-specific targets of Apobec-1-dependent RNA editing and show the functional consequences of editing are both transcript- and tissue-specific.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Blanc
- Department of Medicine, Washington University St Louis, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Eddie Park
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology and Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Sabine Schaefer
- Pacific Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98122, USA
| | - Melanie Miller
- Department of Medicine, Washington University St Louis, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Yiing Lin
- Departments of Surgery, Washington University St Louis, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Susan Kennedy
- Department of Medicine, Washington University St Louis, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Anja M Billing
- Proteomics Core, Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Johannes Graumann
- Proteomics Core, Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ali Mortazavi
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology and Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Joseph H Nadeau
- Pacific Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98122, USA
| | - Nicholas O Davidson
- Department of Medicine, Washington University St Louis, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Fossat N, Tourle K, Radziewic T, Barratt K, Liebhold D, Studdert JB, Power M, Jones V, Loebel DAF, Tam PPL. C to U RNA editing mediated by APOBEC1 requires RNA-binding protein RBM47. EMBO Rep 2014; 15:903-10. [PMID: 24916387 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201438450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytidine (C) to Uridine (U) RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification that is accomplished by the deaminase APOBEC1 and its partnership with the RNA-binding protein A1CF. We identify and characterise here a novel RNA-binding protein, RBM47, that interacts with APOBEC1 and A1CF and is expressed in tissues where C to U RNA editing occurs. RBM47 can substitute for A1CF and is necessary and sufficient for APOBEC1-mediated editing in vitro. Editing is further impaired in Rbm47-deficient mutant mice. These findings suggest that RBM47 and APOBEC1 constitute the basic machinery for C to U RNA editing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Fossat
- Embryology Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, Westmead, NSW, Australia Discipline of Medicine, Sydney Medical School University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Karin Tourle
- Embryology Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Tania Radziewic
- Embryology Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Kristen Barratt
- Embryology Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Doreen Liebhold
- Embryology Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Joshua B Studdert
- Embryology Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Melinda Power
- Embryology Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Vanessa Jones
- Embryology Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - David A F Loebel
- Embryology Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, Westmead, NSW, Australia Discipline of Medicine, Sydney Medical School University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Patrick P L Tam
- Embryology Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, Westmead, NSW, Australia Discipline of Medicine, Sydney Medical School University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chen Z, Eggerman TL, Bocharov AV, Baranova IN, Vishnyakova TG, Kurlander RJ, Csako G, Patterson AP. Hypermutation of ApoB mRNA by rat APOBEC-1 overexpression mimics APOBEC-3 hypermutation. J Mol Biol 2012; 418:65-81. [PMID: 22326345 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2012.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2011] [Revised: 02/02/2012] [Accepted: 02/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
APOBEC-3 proteins induce C-to-U hypermutations in the viral genome of various viruses and have broad antiviral activity. Generally, only a small proportion of viral genomes (<10(-)(2)) are hypermutated by APOBEC-3s, but often many cytidines (up to 40%) are converted into uridine. The mechanism of this unique selective hypermutation remains unknown. We found that rat APOBEC-1 overexpression had a hypermutation pattern similar to that of APOBEC-3s on its substrate apolipoprotein B (apoB) mRNA. Transient plasmid transfection of rat APOBEC-1 resulted in 0.4% and 1.8% hypermutations with apoB mRNA in HepG2 and McA7777 cells, respectively. The low frequency of hypermutated apoB mRNA targets was enriched by differential DNA denaturation PCR at 72-76 °C, with hypermutation levels increasing up to 67%. Up to 69.6% of cytidines in HepG2 and up to 75.5% of cytidines in McA7777 cells were converted into uridines in the hypermutated apoB mRNA. When rat APOBEC-1 was overexpressed by adenovirus, the hypermutation frequency of apoB mRNA increased from 0.4% to ∼20% and was readily detected by regular PCR. However, this higher expression efficiency only increased the frequency of hypermutation, not the number of affected cytidines in hypermutated targets. Rat APOBEC-1 hypermutation was modulated by cofactors and eliminated by an E181Q mutation, indicating the role of cofactors in hypermutation. The finding of an APOBEC-3 hypermutation pattern with rat APOBEC-1 suggests that cofactors could also be involved in APOBEC-3 hypermutation. Using hepatitis B virus hypermutation, we found that KSRP increased APOBEC-3C and APOBEC-3B hypermutation. These data show that, like rat APOBEC-1 hypermutation, cellular factors may play a regulatory role in APOBEC-3 hypermutation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Dasgupta T, Ladd AN. The importance of CELF control: molecular and biological roles of the CUG-BP, Elav-like family of RNA-binding proteins. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2011; 3:104-21. [PMID: 22180311 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
RNA processing is important for generating protein diversity and modulating levels of protein expression. The CUG-BP, Elav-like family (CELF) of RNA-binding proteins regulate several steps of RNA processing in the nucleus and cytoplasm, including pre-mRNA alternative splicing, C to U RNA editing, deadenylation, mRNA decay, and translation. In vivo, CELF proteins have been shown to play roles in gametogenesis and early embryonic development, heart and skeletal muscle function, and neurosynaptic transmission. Dysregulation of CELF-mediated programs has been implicated in the pathogenesis of human diseases affecting the heart, skeletal muscles, and nervous system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Twishasri Dasgupta
- Department of Cell Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Blanc V, Davidson NO. APOBEC-1-mediated RNA editing. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-SYSTEMS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2011; 2:594-602. [PMID: 20836050 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
RNA editing defines a molecular process by which a nucleotide sequence is modified in the RNA transcript and results in an amino acid change in the recoded message from that specified in the gene. We will restrict our attention to the type of RNA editing peculiar to mammals, i.e., nuclear C to U RNA editing. This category of RNA editing contrasts with RNA modifications described in plants, i.e., organellar RNA editing (reviewed in Ref 1). Mammalian RNA editing is genetically and biochemically classified into two groups, namely insertion-deletional and substitutional. Substitutional RNA editing is exclusive to mammals, again with two types reported, namely adenosine to inosine and cytosine to uracil (C to U). This review will examine mammalian C to U RNA editing of apolipoproteinB (apoB) RNA and the role of the catalytic deaminase Apobec-1. We will speculate on the functions of Apobec-1 beyond C to U RNA editing as implied from its ability to bind AU-rich RNAs and discuss evidence that dysregulation of Apobec-1 expression might be associated with carcinogenesis through aberrant RNA editing or altered RNA stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Blanc
- Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63105, USA
| | - Nicholas O Davidson
- Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63105, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Chen Z, Eggerman TL, Bocharov AV, Baranova IN, Vishnyakova TG, Csako G, Patterson AP. Hypermutation induced by APOBEC-1 overexpression can be eliminated. RNA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2010; 16:1040-1052. [PMID: 20348446 PMCID: PMC2856876 DOI: 10.1261/rna.1863010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2009] [Accepted: 02/05/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
APOBEC-1 overexpression in liver has been shown to effectively reduce apoB-100 levels. However, nonspecific hypermutation and liver tumor formation potentially related to hypermutation in transgenic animals compromise its potential use for gene therapy. In studying apoB mRNA editing regulation, we found that the core editing auxiliary factor ACF dose-dependently increases APOBEC-1 nonspecific hypermutation and specific editing with variable site sensitivity. Overexpression of APOBEC-1 together with ACF in human hepatic HepG2 cells hypermutated apoB mRNAs 20%-65% at sites 6639, 6648, 6655, 6762, 6802, and 6845, in addition to the normal 90% editing at 6666. The hypermutation activity of APOBEC-1 was decreased to background levels by a single point APOBEC-1 mutation of P29F or E181Q, while 50% of wild-type control editing at the normal site was retained. The hypermutations on both apoB and novel APOBEC-1 target 1 (NAT1) mRNA were also decreased to background levels with P29F and E181Q mutants in rat liver primary culture cells. The loss of hypermutation with the mutants was associated with significantly decreased APOBEC-1/ACF interaction. These data suggest that nonspecific hypermutation induced by overexpressing APOBEC-1 can be virtually eliminated by site-specific mutation, while maintaining specific editing activity at the normal site, reopening the potential use of APOBEC-1 gene therapy for hyperlipidemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Gottlieb B, Chalifour LE, Mitmaker B, Sheiner N, Obrand D, Abraham C, Meilleur M, Sugahara T, Bkaily G, Schweitzer M. BAK1 gene variation and abdominal aortic aneurysms. Hum Mutat 2009; 30:1043-7. [DOI: 10.1002/humu.21046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
22
|
Petit V, Guétard D, Renard M, Keriel A, Sitbon M, Wain-Hobson S, Vartanian JP. Murine APOBEC1 is a powerful mutator of retroviral and cellular RNA in vitro and in vivo. J Mol Biol 2008; 385:65-78. [PMID: 18983852 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2008.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2008] [Revised: 10/01/2008] [Accepted: 10/06/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian APOBEC molecules comprise a large family of cytidine deaminases with specificity for RNA and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). APOBEC1s are invariably highly specific and edit a single residue in a cellular mRNA, while the cellular targets for APOBEC3s are not clearly established, although they may curtail the transposition of some retrotransposons. Two of the seven member human APOBEC3 enzymes strongly restrict human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro and in vivo. We show here that ssDNA hyperediting of an infectious exogenous gammaretrovirus, the Friend-murine leukemia virus, by murine APOBEC1 and APOBEC3 deaminases occurs in vitro. Murine APOBEC1 was able to hyperdeaminate cytidine residues in murine leukemia virus genomic RNA as well. Analysis of the edited sites shows that the deamination in vivo was due to mouse APOBEC1 rather than APOBEC3. Furthermore, murine APOBEC1 is able to hyperedit its primary substrate in vivo, the apolipoprotein B mRNA, and a variety of heterologous RNAs. In short, murine APOBEC1 is a hypermutator of both RNA and ssDNA in vivo, which could exert occasional side effects upon overexpression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Petit
- Unité de Rétrovirologie Moléculaire, CNRS URA, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|