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Moreno E, Middlebrook EA, Altamirano-Silva P, Al Dahouk S, Araj GF, Arce-Gorvel V, Arenas-Gamboa Á, Ariza J, Barquero-Calvo E, Battelli G, Bertu WJ, Blasco JM, Bosilkovski M, Cadmus S, Caswell CC, Celli J, Chacón-Díaz C, Chaves-Olarte E, Comerci DJ, Conde-Álvarez R, Cook E, Cravero S, Dadar M, De Boelle X, De Massis F, Díaz R, Escobar GI, Fernández-Lago L, Ficht TA, Foster JT, Garin-Bastuji B, Godfroid J, Gorvel JP, Güler L, Erdenliğ-Gürbilek S, Gusi AM, Guzmán-Verri C, Hai J, Hernández-Mora G, Iriarte M, Jacob NR, Keriel A, Khames M, Köhler S, Letesson JJ, Loperena-Barber M, López-Goñi I, McGiven J, Melzer F, Mora-Cartin R, Moran-Gilad J, Muñoz PM, Neubauer H, O'Callaghan D, Ocholi R, Oñate Á, Pandey P, Pappas G, Pembroke JT, Roop M, Ruiz-Villalonos N, Ryan MP, Salcedo SP, Salvador-Bescós M, Sangari FJ, de Lima Santos R, Seimenis A, Splitter G, Suárez-Esquivel M, Tabbaa D, Trangoni MD, Tsolis RM, Vizcaíno N, Wareth G, Welburn SC, Whatmore A, Zúñiga-Ripa A, Moriyón I. If You're Not Confused, You're Not Paying Attention: Ochrobactrum Is Not Brucella. J Clin Microbiol 2023; 61:e0043823. [PMID: 37395662 PMCID: PMC10446859 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00438-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria of the genus Brucella are facultative intracellular parasites that cause brucellosis, a severe animal and human disease. Recently, a group of taxonomists merged the brucellae with the primarily free-living, phylogenetically related Ochrobactrum spp. in the genus Brucella. This change, founded only on global genomic analysis and the fortuitous isolation of some opportunistic Ochrobactrum spp. from medically compromised patients, has been automatically included in culture collections and databases. We argue that clinical and environmental microbiologists should not accept this nomenclature, and we advise against its use because (i) it was presented without in-depth phylogenetic analyses and did not consider alternative taxonomic solutions; (ii) it was launched without the input of experts in brucellosis or Ochrobactrum; (iii) it applies a non-consensus genus concept that disregards taxonomically relevant differences in structure, physiology, population structure, core-pangenome assemblies, genome structure, genomic traits, clinical features, treatment, prevention, diagnosis, genus description rules, and, above all, pathogenicity; and (iv) placing these two bacterial groups in the same genus creates risks for veterinarians, medical doctors, clinical laboratories, health authorities, and legislators who deal with brucellosis, a disease that is particularly relevant in low- and middle-income countries. Based on all this information, we urge microbiologists, bacterial collections, genomic databases, journals, and public health boards to keep the Brucella and Ochrobactrum genera separate to avoid further bewilderment and harm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgardo Moreno
- Programa de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica
| | - Earl A. Middlebrook
- Genomics and Bioanalytics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
| | - Pamela Altamirano-Silva
- Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Sascha Al Dahouk
- Department of Environmental Hygiene, German Environment Agency, Berlin, Germany
| | - George F. Araj
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Vilma Arce-Gorvel
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, INSERM, Marseille, France
| | - Ángela Arenas-Gamboa
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Javier Ariza
- Infectious Disease Department, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elías Barquero-Calvo
- Programa de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica
| | - Giorgio Battelli
- Department of Medical Veterinary Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Wilson J. Bertu
- Brucellosis Research Laboratory, Bacterial Research Division, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | - José María Blasco
- Departamento de Ciencia Animal, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Mile Bosilkovski
- University Hospital for Infectious Diseases and Febrile Conditions, Medical Faculty, Saints Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
| | - Simeon Cadmus
- Centre for Control and Prevention of Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Clayton C. Caswell
- Center for One Health Research, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Jean Celli
- Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Carlos Chacón-Díaz
- Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Esteban Chaves-Olarte
- Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Diego J. Comerci
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas Dr. Rodolfo A. Ugalde, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Raquel Conde-Álvarez
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdisNa), Pamplona, Spain
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Elizabeth Cook
- International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Silvio Cravero
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agropecuarias, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Maryam Dadar
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
| | - Xavier De Boelle
- Research Unit in Biology of Microorganisms, Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Fabrizio De Massis
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise, Teramo, Italy
| | - Ramón Díaz
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Gabriela I. Escobar
- Laboratorio de Brucelosis, Laboratorio Nacional de Referencia, INEI-ANLIS Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luis Fernández-Lago
- Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Thomas A. Ficht
- Texas A&M University, Veterinary Pathobiology, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Jeffrey T. Foster
- Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA
| | - Bruno Garin-Bastuji
- French Agency for Food, Environmental, and Occupational Health and Safety, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Jacques Godfroid
- Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries, and Economics, University of Tromsø-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Jean-Pierre Gorvel
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, INSERM, Marseille, France
| | - Leyla Güler
- MG Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Meram, Konya, Turkey
| | - Sevil Erdenliğ-Gürbilek
- Harran University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Microbiology Department, Şanlıurfa, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - Amayel M. Gusi
- Brucellosis Research Laboratory, Bacterial Research Division, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | - Caterina Guzmán-Verri
- Programa de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica
| | - Jiang Hai
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Gabriela Hernández-Mora
- Servicio Nacional de Salud Animal, Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganadería, Heredia, Costa Rica
| | - Maite Iriarte
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdisNa), Pamplona, Spain
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Nestor R. Jacob
- Hospital Argerich, Department of Infectious Diseases, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Anne Keriel
- Centre National de Référence des Brucella, U1047, University of Montpellier/INSERM, CHU de Nîmes, Nimes, France
| | - Maamar Khames
- University of Medea, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, Medea, Algeria
| | - Stephan Köhler
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Letesson
- Research Unit in Biology of Microorganisms, Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Maite Loperena-Barber
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ignacio López-Goñi
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - John McGiven
- WOAH Reference Laboratory for Brucellosis, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Weybridge, United Kingdom
- FAO Reference Centre for Brucellosis, Department of Bacteriology, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Weybridge, United Kingdom
| | - Falk Melzer
- Friedrich Loeffler Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Jena, Germany
| | - Ricardo Mora-Cartin
- Section of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jacob Moran-Gilad
- Microbiology, Advanced Genomics, and Infection Control Applications Laboratory, Department of Health Systems Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Pilar M. Muñoz
- Departamento de Ciencia Animal, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Heinrich Neubauer
- Friedrich Loeffler Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Jena, Germany
| | - David O'Callaghan
- Centre National de Référence des Brucella, U1047, University of Montpellier/INSERM, CHU de Nîmes, Nimes, France
| | - Reuben Ocholi
- Bacteriology, Parasitology, and Virology Department, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | - Ángel Oñate
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Piyush Pandey
- Department of Microbiology, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India
| | - Georgios Pappas
- Institute of Continuing Medical Education of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - J. Tony Pembroke
- School of Natural Sciences and Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Martin Roop
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, East Carolina University School of Medicine, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Nazaret Ruiz-Villalonos
- Programa de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica
| | - Michael P. Ryan
- Department of Applied Science, Technological University of the Shanno, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Suzana P. Salcedo
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Miriam Salvador-Bescós
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdisNa), Pamplona, Spain
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Félix J. Sangari
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Renato de Lima Santos
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Aristarchos Seimenis
- Mediterranean Zoonoses Control Centre, World Health Organization, Athens, Greece
| | - Gary Splitter
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Marcela Suárez-Esquivel
- Programa de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica
| | - Darem Tabbaa
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hama University, Hama, Syria
| | - Marcos David Trangoni
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agropecuarias, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Renee M. Tsolis
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Nieves Vizcaíno
- Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Gamal Wareth
- Friedrich Loeffler Institut, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Jena, Germany
| | - Susan C. Welburn
- Division of Infection and Pathway Medicine, Centre for Infectious Diseases, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian Whatmore
- WOAH Reference Laboratory for Brucellosis, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Weybridge, United Kingdom
- FAO Reference Centre for Brucellosis, Department of Bacteriology, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Weybridge, United Kingdom
| | - Amaia Zúñiga-Ripa
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdisNa), Pamplona, Spain
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Moriyón
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdisNa), Pamplona, Spain
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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Melzani A, Boutrou M, Sainte-Rose V, About F, Douine M, Michaud C, Nacher M, Gaillet M, Blanchet D, Lavigne JP, Demar M, O'Callaghan D, Djossou F, Keriel A, Epelboin L. Case Report: Acute Brucellosis Due to Brucella suis in a Brazilian Gold Miner Diagnosed in French Guiana. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2023:tpmd220228. [PMID: 37253440 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.22-0228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A 29-year-old Brazilian illegal gold miner developed intermittent fever. Blood cultures were positive for Gram-negative coccobacilli and, after an initial misidentification by an automated identification system, the diagnosis of brucellosis caused by Brucella suis was confirmed. We hypothesize an association with domestic or wild swine exposure. The patient responded well to standard antibiotic therapy of brucellosis. We report the first case of human brucellosis on the Guiana Shield. This report underlines the importance of considering brucellosis in the presence of a fever of unknown origin, even in the Amazonian rainforest area, where several zoonotic diseases might be considered in the differential diagnosis of unexplained fever.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Melzani
- Unité de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Mathilde Boutrou
- Unité de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Vincent Sainte-Rose
- Laboratoire Hospitalo-Universitaire de Microbiologie, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Frédégonde About
- Unité de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Maylis Douine
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane, INSERM CIC 1424, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Céline Michaud
- Centres Délocalisés de Prévention et de Soins, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Mathieu Nacher
- Laboratoire Hospitalo-Universitaire de Microbiologie, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Mélanie Gaillet
- Centres Délocalisés de Prévention et de Soins, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Denis Blanchet
- Laboratoire Hospitalo-Universitaire de Microbiologie, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Jean Philippe Lavigne
- Virulence Bactérienne et Infections Chroniques (VBIC), U1047, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Nîmes, France
- Centre National de Référence des Brucella, Service de Microbiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Magalie Demar
- Laboratoire Hospitalo-Universitaire de Microbiologie, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - David O'Callaghan
- Virulence Bactérienne et Infections Chroniques (VBIC), U1047, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Nîmes, France
- Centre National de Référence des Brucella, Service de Microbiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Felix Djossou
- Unité de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Anne Keriel
- Virulence Bactérienne et Infections Chroniques (VBIC), U1047, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Nîmes, France
- Centre National de Référence des Brucella, Service de Microbiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Loïc Epelboin
- Unité de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana
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About F, Pastre T, Boutrou M, Martinez AY, Melzani A, Peugny S, Michaud C, Zouaoui S, Carage T, Rose VS, Demar M, Lavigne JP, Djossou F, O'Callaghan D, Epelboin L, Keriel A. Novel Species of Brucella Causing Human Brucellosis, French Guiana. Emerg Infect Dis 2023; 29:333-340. [PMID: 36692350 PMCID: PMC9881788 DOI: 10.3201/eid2902.220725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Human brucellosis is a zoonoses caused by bacteria of the genus Brucella. Infection results in subacute or chronic debilitating disease with nonspecific clinical manifestations and is often associated with consuming unpasteurized dairy products. We report 2 cases of brucellosis in male patients who were hospitalized in distinct towns of French Guiana, an overseas territory of France located on the northeastern shore of South America. Both men were citizens of Brazil working as clandestine goldminers in the deep Amazonian rainforest. Characterization of the 2 bacterial isolates revealed that they represent a potential new species of Brucella. Medical practitioners working in contact with wildlife in this region of the world should be aware of the existence of these pathogens and the potential for human infection.
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Vection S, O'Callaghan D, Keriel A. CD98hc in host-pathogen interactions: roles of the multifunctional host protein during infections. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2022; 46:6590039. [PMID: 35595511 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuac023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The eukaryotic protein CD98hc (also known as 4F2, FRP-1 or SLC3A2) is a membrane glycoprotein and one of the heavy chains of the family of heterodimeric amino acids transporters. It can associate with any of 6 different light chains to form distinct amino acid transporters. CD98hc is also involved in mediation of intracellular integrin signaling. Besides its physiological roles in the development of the placenta and the immune system, CD98hc is important during pathological processes such as tumorigenesis and host-pathogen interaction. Since its first identification as Fusion Regulatory Protein 1 regulating cell fusion in cells infected by the Newcastle disease virus, CD98hc has been reported to be mediating many viral, apicomplexan, and bacterial infectious processes. In this review we describe the role of CD98hc and its associated light chains in bacterial, apicomplexan, and viral pathogenesis. We also discuss the consequences of infection on the expression and localization of these proteins. The identification of the cellular processes in which CD98hc is involved during pathogenesis highlights the key role of this host protein in infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Vection
- VBIC, U1047 INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Nîmes, France.,Centre National de Référence des Brucella, Laboratoire de Microbiologie, CHU de Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - David O'Callaghan
- VBIC, U1047 INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Nîmes, France.,Centre National de Référence des Brucella, Laboratoire de Microbiologie, CHU de Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Anne Keriel
- VBIC, U1047 INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Nîmes, France.,Centre National de Référence des Brucella, Laboratoire de Microbiologie, CHU de Nîmes, Nîmes, France
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5
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Rouzic N, Desmier L, Cariou ME, Gay E, Foster JT, Williamson CHD, Schmitt F, Le Henaff M, Le Coz A, Lorléac'h A, Lavigne JP, O'Callaghan D, Keriel A. First Case of Brucellosis Caused by an Amphibian-type Brucella. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 72:e404-e407. [PMID: 32719850 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa1082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the first case of brucellosis caused by an isolate whose genome is identical that of a frog isolate from Texas, demonstrating the zoonotic potential of amphibian-type Brucella. Importantly, with such atypical Brucella, correct diagnosis cannot be performed using routine serological tests or identification methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Rouzic
- Unité de Médecine Interne-Maladies Infectieuses, Groupe Hospitalier Bretagne Sud, Lorient, France
| | - Ludovic Desmier
- Centre National de Référence (CNR) des Brucella, CHU de Nîmes, Nîmes, France.,VBMI, U1047, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Nîmes, France
| | - Marie-Estelle Cariou
- Laboratoire de biologie médicale, Groupe Hospitalier Bretagne Sud, Lorient, France
| | - Eugénie Gay
- Laboratoire de biologie médicale, Groupe Hospitalier Bretagne Sud, Lorient, France
| | - Jeffrey T Foster
- Pathogen & Microbiome Institute (PMI), Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA
| | - Charles H D Williamson
- Pathogen & Microbiome Institute (PMI), Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA
| | - François Schmitt
- Laboratoire de biologie médicale, Groupe Hospitalier Bretagne Sud, Lorient, France
| | - Mikael Le Henaff
- Service de Pneumologie, Groupe Hospitalier Bretagne Sud, Lorient, France
| | - Alain Le Coz
- Service de Pneumologie, Groupe Hospitalier Bretagne Sud, Lorient, France
| | - Aurélien Lorléac'h
- Unité de Médecine Interne-Maladies Infectieuses, Groupe Hospitalier Bretagne Sud, Lorient, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Lavigne
- Centre National de Référence (CNR) des Brucella, CHU de Nîmes, Nîmes, France.,VBMI, U1047, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Nîmes, France
| | - David O'Callaghan
- Centre National de Référence (CNR) des Brucella, CHU de Nîmes, Nîmes, France.,VBMI, U1047, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Nîmes, France
| | - Anne Keriel
- Centre National de Référence (CNR) des Brucella, CHU de Nîmes, Nîmes, France.,VBMI, U1047, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Nîmes, France
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Kaminski S, Adjali O, Jacquet C, Garaude J, Keriel A, Lassaux A, Hipskind R, Sitbon M, Taylor N, Villalba M. The protooncogene Vav1 regulates murine leukemia virus-induced T-cell leukemogenesis. Oncoimmunology 2021; 1:600-608. [PMID: 22934252 PMCID: PMC3429564 DOI: 10.4161/onci.20225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Vav1 is expressed exclusively in hematopoietic cells and is required for T cell development and activation. Vav1-deficient mice show thymic hypocellularity due to a partial block during thymocyte development at the DN3 stage and between the double positive (DP) and single positive (SP) transition. Vav1 has been shown to play a significant role in several non-hematopoietic tumors but its role in leukemogenesis is unknown. To address this question, we investigated the role of Vav1 in retrovirus-induced T cell leukemogenesis. Infection of Vav1-deficient mice with the Moloney strain of murine leukemia virus (M-MuLV) significantly affected tumor phenotype without modulating tumor incidence or latency. M-MuLV-infected Vav1-deficient mice showed reduced splenomegaly, higher hematocrit levels and hypertrophic thymi. Notably, Vav1-deficient mice with M-MuLV leukemias presented with markedly lower TCRβ/CD3 levels, indicating that transformation occurred at an earlier stage of T cell development than in WT mice. Thus, impaired T cell development modulates the outcome of retrovirus-induced T cell leukemias, demonstrating a link between T cell development and T cell leukemogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Kaminski
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier; UMR 5535; CNRS; Montpellier, France
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García-Méndez KB, Hielpos SM, Soler-Llorens PF, Arce-Gorvel V, Hale C, Gorvel JP, O'Callaghan D, Keriel A. Infection by Brucella melitensis or Brucella papionis modifies essential physiological functions of human trophoblasts. Cell Microbiol 2019; 21:e13019. [PMID: 30817085 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.13019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Brucellosis is a zoonosis caused by bacteria of the Brucella genus. In ruminants, brucellosis causes abortion, followed by chronic infection and secretion of bacteria in milk. In humans, it usually presents as flu-like symptoms, with serious complications if untreated. Epidemiological studies have only recently established that brucellosis can also cause pregnancy complications in women, but the pathogenic mechanisms are unknown. Pioneering studies in ruminants showed that Brucella infect trophoblasts and then colonise the placenta where they grow to high density. A recent study showed that the main zoonotic Brucella species can infect human cytotrophoblasts (CTB) and extravillous trophoblasts (EVT). In this work, we show that Brucella papionis (associated with stillbirth in primates) also infects human trophoblasts. However, it replicates actively in CTB, whereas its replication is very restricted within EVT. We also observed alteration of several trophoblastic functions upon infection by B. papionis or Brucella melitensis (the most prevalent species in human brucellosis). Infection altered the production of hormones, the ability of CTB to form syncytiotrophoblasts, and the invasion capacity of EVT. We also found that infection can spread between different types of trophoblasts. These findings constitute a new step in understanding how Brucella infection causes adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karellen B García-Méndez
- VBMI, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Nîmes, France.,Centre National de Référence des Brucella, CHU de Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Soledad M Hielpos
- VBMI, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Nîmes, France.,Centre National de Référence des Brucella, CHU de Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | | | | | - Christine Hale
- Microbial Pathogenesis, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | | | - David O'Callaghan
- VBMI, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Nîmes, France.,Centre National de Référence des Brucella, CHU de Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Anne Keriel
- VBMI, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Nîmes, France.,Centre National de Référence des Brucella, CHU de Nîmes, Nîmes, France
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8
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Holzapfel M, Girault G, Keriel A, Ponsart C, O'Callaghan D, Mick V. Comparative Genomics and in vitro Infection of Field Clonal Isolates of Brucella melitensis Biovar 3 Did Not Identify Signature of Host Adaptation. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2505. [PMID: 30405566 PMCID: PMC6204395 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucella spp. are responsible for brucellosis, a widespread zoonosis causing reproductive disorders in animals. Species-classification within this monophyletic genus is based on bacteriological and biochemical phenotyping. Traditionally, Brucella species are reported to have a preferential, but not exclusive mammalian host. However, this concept can be challenged since many Brucella species infect a wide range of animal species. Adaptation to a specific host can be a driver of pathogen variation. It is generally thought that Brucella species have highly stable and conserved genomes, however the degree of genomic variation during natural infection has not been documented. Here, we investigated potential genetic diversity and virulence of Brucella melitensis biovar 3 field isolates obtained from a single outbreak but from different host species (human, bovine, small ruminants). A unique MLVA-16 pattern suggested all isolates were clonal. Comparative genomic analyses showed an almost non-existent genetic diversity among isolates (only one SNP; no architectural rearrangements) and did not highlight any signature specific to host adaptation. Similarly, the strains showed identical capacities to enter and replicate in an in vitro model of macrophage infection. In our study, the absence of genomic variability and similar virulence underline that B. melitensis biovar 3 is a broad-host-range pathogen without the need to adapt to different hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Holzapfel
- EU/OIE/FAO and National Reference Laboratory for Brucellosis, Animal Health Laboratory, Anses/Paris-Est University, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Guillaume Girault
- EU/OIE/FAO and National Reference Laboratory for Brucellosis, Animal Health Laboratory, Anses/Paris-Est University, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Anne Keriel
- VBMI, INSERM, U1047, Université de Montpellier, Nîmes, France.,CNR Laboratoire Expert Brucella, Service de Microbiologie, CHU Caremeau, Nîmes, France
| | - Claire Ponsart
- EU/OIE/FAO and National Reference Laboratory for Brucellosis, Animal Health Laboratory, Anses/Paris-Est University, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - David O'Callaghan
- VBMI, INSERM, U1047, Université de Montpellier, Nîmes, France.,CNR Laboratoire Expert Brucella, Service de Microbiologie, CHU Caremeau, Nîmes, France
| | - Virginie Mick
- EU/OIE/FAO and National Reference Laboratory for Brucellosis, Animal Health Laboratory, Anses/Paris-Est University, Maisons-Alfort, France
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9
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Soler-Lloréns PF, Quance CR, Lawhon SD, Stuber TP, Edwards JF, Ficht TA, Robbe-Austerman S, O'Callaghan D, Keriel A. A Brucella spp. Isolate from a Pac-Man Frog ( Ceratophrys ornata) Reveals Characteristics Departing from Classical Brucellae. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2016; 6:116. [PMID: 27734009 PMCID: PMC5040101 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2016.00116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucella are highly infectious bacterial pathogens responsible for brucellosis, a frequent worldwide zoonosis. The Brucella genus has recently expanded from 6 to 11 species, all of which were associated with mammals; The natural host range recently expanded to amphibians after some reports of atypical strains from frogs. Here we describe the first in depth phenotypic and genetic characterization of a Brucella strains isolated from a frog. Strain B13-0095 was isolated from a Pac-Man frog (Ceratophyrus ornate) at a veterinary hospital in Texas and was initially misidentified as Ochrobactrum anthropi. We found that B13-0095 belongs to a group of early-diverging brucellae that includes Brucella inopinata strain BO1 and the B. inopinata-like strain BO2, with traits that depart significantly from those of the "classical" Brucella spp. Analysis of B13-0095 genome sequence revealed several specific features that suggest that this isolate represents an intermediate between a soil associated ancestor and the host adapted "classical" species. Like strain BO2, B13-0095 does not possess the genes required to produce the perosamine based LPS found in classical Brucella, but has a set of genes that could encode a rhamnose based O-antigen. Despite this, B13-0095 has a very fast intracellular replication rate in both epithelial cells and macrophages. Finally, another major finding in this study is the bacterial motility observed for strains B13-0095, BO1, and BO2, which is remarkable for this bacterial genus. This study thus highlights several novel characteristics in strains belonging to an emerging group within the Brucella genus. Accurate identification tools for such atypical Brucella isolates and careful evaluation of their zoonotic potential, are urgently required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro F Soler-Lloréns
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1047, UFR de MédecineNîmes, France; Université de Montpellier, U1047Nîmes, France
| | - Chris R Quance
- Mycobacteria and Brucella Section, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, United States Department of Agriculture Ames, IA, USA
| | - Sara D Lawhon
- Clinical Microbiology, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Science, Texas A&M University College Station, TX, USA
| | - Tod P Stuber
- Mycobacteria and Brucella Section, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, United States Department of Agriculture Ames, IA, USA
| | - John F Edwards
- Clinical Microbiology, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Science, Texas A&M University College Station, TX, USA
| | - Thomas A Ficht
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University College Station, TX, USA
| | - Suelee Robbe-Austerman
- Mycobacteria and Brucella Section, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, United States Department of Agriculture Ames, IA, USA
| | - David O'Callaghan
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1047, UFR de MédecineNîmes, France; Université de Montpellier, U1047Nîmes, France
| | - Anne Keriel
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1047, UFR de MédecineNîmes, France; Université de Montpellier, U1047Nîmes, France
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10
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García Méndez KB, Bragagnolo G, O'Callaghan D, Lavigne JP, Keriel A. A high-throughput assay for the measurement of uropathogenic Escherichia coli attachment to urinary bladder cells. Int J Exp Pathol 2016; 97:194-201. [PMID: 27273601 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Strains of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) are the major causative agent of urinary tract infections (UTI), the most common infectious diseases in the world. Their ability to attach and enter into cells in the urinary tract is a limiting step for their pathogenicity. Many studies are thus focussing on these key mechanisms to propose new therapeutic strategies. To facilitate such studies, we developed a fast and high-throughput assay which makes it possible to monitor the interaction of UPEC with cultured human uroepithelial cells. This assay allows measurement of the in vitro association of fluorescently labelled clinical isolates with bladder epithelial cells using flow cytometry in a microplate format. The assay was sensitive enough to detect variations between isolates expressing different adhesins and virulence factors and the inhibitory effect of proanthocyanidins. Thus we have developed a fast and robust assay which allows us to measure variations in the adhesion properties of UPEC to human bladder cells. This novel assay will be valuable for the study of initial steps of pathogenesis in UTI and for the screening or validation of inhibitory molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karellen Beren García Méndez
- U1047, UFR de Médecine, Inserm, Nîmes, Cedex, France.,U1047, Université de Montpellier, Nîmes, Cedex, France
| | - Gabriel Bragagnolo
- U1047, UFR de Médecine, Inserm, Nîmes, Cedex, France.,U1047, Université de Montpellier, Nîmes, Cedex, France
| | - David O'Callaghan
- U1047, UFR de Médecine, Inserm, Nîmes, Cedex, France.,U1047, Université de Montpellier, Nîmes, Cedex, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Lavigne
- U1047, UFR de Médecine, Inserm, Nîmes, Cedex, France.,U1047, Université de Montpellier, Nîmes, Cedex, France.,Service de Microbiologie, CHU Carémeau, Nîmes, Cedex, France
| | - Anne Keriel
- U1047, UFR de Médecine, Inserm, Nîmes, Cedex, France.,U1047, Université de Montpellier, Nîmes, Cedex, France
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11
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Keriel A, Botella E, Estrach S, Bragagnolo G, Vergunst AC, Feral CC, O'Callaghan D. Brucella Intracellular Life Relies on the Transmembrane Protein CD98 Heavy Chain. J Infect Dis 2014; 211:1769-78. [PMID: 25505297 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiu673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Brucella are intracellular bacterial pathogens that use a type IV secretion system (T4SS) to escape host defenses and create a niche in which they can multiply. Although the importance of Brucella T4SS is clear, little is known about its interactions with host cell structures. In this study, we identified the eukaryotic protein CD98hc as a partner for Brucella T4SS subunit VirB2. This transmembrane glycoprotein is involved in amino acid transport, modulation of integrin signaling, and cell-to-cell fusion. Knockdown of CD98hc expression in HeLa cells demonstrated that it is essential for Brucella infection. Using knockout dermal fibroblasts, we confirmed its role for Brucella but found that it is not required for Salmonella infection. CD98hc transiently accumulates around the bacteria during the early phases of infection and is required for both optimal bacterial uptake and intracellular multiplication of Brucella. These results provide new insights into the complex interplay between Brucella and its host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Keriel
- INSERM, U1047 Université Montpellier 1, UFR de Médecine, Nîmes
| | - Eric Botella
- INSERM, U1047 Université Montpellier 1, UFR de Médecine, Nîmes
| | - Soline Estrach
- INSERM, U1081, CNRS, UMR7284, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, France
| | | | | | - Chloe C Feral
- INSERM, U1081, CNRS, UMR7284, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, France
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12
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Lavigne JP, Audibert S, Molinari N, O'Callaghan D, Keriel A. Influence of a high-glucose diet on the sensitivity of Caenorhabditis elegans towards Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus strains. Microbes Infect 2013; 15:540-9. [PMID: 23639525 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2013.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Revised: 04/17/2013] [Accepted: 04/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
It was recently observed that a glucose-enriched diet activates the insulin-like pathway in Caenorhabditis elegans, resulting in an inhibition of the FOXO transcription factor DAF-16. Because this signalling pathway is highly conserved from invertebrates to mammals and DAF-16 is a key player in innate immunity, we wondered whether a high-glucose diet, resembling the hyperglycaemic conditions in diabetic patients, would affect the susceptibility of C. elegans to bacterial pathogens isolated from different clinical situations (urinary tract or diabetic foot infections). We confirmed previous reports showing that such a diet decreases the lifespan of C. elegans fed with an avirulent Escherichia coli strain. However, glucose-fed nematodes appeared to be more resistant to most clinical isolates tested, showing that this invertebrate model does not mimic infections encountered in human diabetes, where patients show increased susceptibility to bacterial infections. This study also suggests that modulation of innate immunity in C. elegans, upon activation of the IGF1/insulin-like pathway by glucose, is not exclusively mediated by DAF-16, but also involves an additional factor that requires DAF-16 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Philippe Lavigne
- Inserm U1047, UFR Médecine, 186 Chemin de Carreau de Lanes, 30908 Nîmes Cedex 2, France
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13
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Salinas S, Bilsland LG, Henaff D, Weston AE, Keriel A, Schiavo G, Kremer EJ. CAR-associated vesicular transport of an adenovirus in motor neuron axons. PLoS Pathog 2009; 5:e1000442. [PMID: 19461877 PMCID: PMC2677547 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2009] [Accepted: 04/24/2009] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Axonal transport is responsible for the movement of signals and cargo between nerve termini and cell bodies. Pathogens also exploit this pathway to enter and exit the central nervous system. In this study, we characterised the binding, endocytosis and axonal transport of an adenovirus (CAV-2) that preferentially infects neurons. Using biochemical, cell biology, genetic, ultrastructural and live-cell imaging approaches, we show that interaction with the neuronal membrane correlates with coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) surface expression, followed by endocytosis involving clathrin. In axons, long-range CAV-2 motility was bidirectional with a bias for retrograde transport in nonacidic Rab7-positive organelles. Unexpectedly, we found that CAR was associated with CAV-2 vesicles that also transported cargo as functionally distinct as tetanus toxin, neurotrophins, and their receptors. These results suggest that a single axonal transport carrier is capable of transporting functionally distinct cargoes that target different membrane compartments in the soma. We propose that CAV-2 transport is dictated by an innate trafficking of CAR, suggesting an unsuspected function for this adhesion protein during neuronal homeostasis. Adenoviruses commonly cause subclinical morbidity in the ocular, respiratory, and gastrointestinal tracts, and less frequently, adenovirus-induced disease can be fatal for newborns and immunocompromised hosts. In addition, adenoviruses can reach the central nervous system (CNS) and cause associated encephalitis and tumours. On the flip side, during the last two decades, adenovirus vectors have become powerful tools to treat and address diseases of the CNS. Despite the fact that axonal transport of adenoviruses was reported more than 15 years ago, nothing was known concerning how adenoviruses access the CNS. The characterization of their interactions with brain cells was therefore long overdue. In this study, we describe the axonal trafficking of an adenovirus that preferentially infects neurons and reaches the CNS through long-range axonal transport. We show that this adenovirus exploits an endogenous vesicular pathway used by the adhesion molecule CAR (coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor). Our study characterizes this endogenous route of access, which is likely to be crucial to neuronal survival, neurodegenerative diseases, gene transfer vectors, and adenovirus-induced morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Salinas
- Molecular NeuroPathobiology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lynsey G. Bilsland
- Molecular NeuroPathobiology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Henaff
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, CNRS UMR 5535, Montpellier, France
- Universités de Montpellier I & II, Montpellier, France
| | - Anne E. Weston
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Keriel
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, CNRS UMR 5535, Montpellier, France
- Universités de Montpellier I & II, Montpellier, France
| | - Giampietro Schiavo
- Molecular NeuroPathobiology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (GS); (EJK)
| | - Eric J. Kremer
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, CNRS UMR 5535, Montpellier, France
- Universités de Montpellier I & II, Montpellier, France
- * E-mail: (GS); (EJK)
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14
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Keriel A, Mahuteau-Betzer F, Jacquet C, Plays M, Grierson D, Sitbon M, Tazi J. Protection against retrovirus pathogenesis by SR protein inhibitors. PLoS One 2009; 4:e4533. [PMID: 19225570 PMCID: PMC2640060 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0004533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2008] [Accepted: 12/12/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Indole derivatives compounds (IDC) are a new class of splicing inhibitors that have a selective action on exonic splicing enhancers (ESE)-dependent activity of individual serine-arginine-rich (SR) proteins. Some of these molecules have been shown to compromise assembly of HIV infectious particles in cell cultures by interfering with the activity of the SR protein SF2/ASF and by subsequently suppressing production of splicing-dependent retroviral accessory proteins. For all replication-competent retroviruses, a limiting requirement for infection and pathogenesis is the expression of the envelope glycoprotein which strictly depends on the host splicing machinery. Here, we have evaluated the efficiency of IDC on an animal model of retroviral pathogenesis using a fully replication-competent retrovirus. In this model, all newborn mice infected with a fully replicative murine leukemia virus (MLV) develop erythroleukemia within 6 to 8 weeks of age. We tested several IDC for their ability to interfere ex vivo with MLV splicing and virus spreading as well as for their protective effect in vivo. We show here that two of these IDC, IDC13 and IDC78, selectively altered splicing-dependent production of the retroviral envelope gene, thus inhibiting early viral replication in vivo, sufficiently to protect mice from MLV-induced pathogenesis. The apparent specificity and clinical safety observed here for both IDC13 and IDC78 strongly support further assessment of inhibitors of SR protein splicing factors as a new class of antiretroviral therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Keriel
- Université Montpellier 2 Université Montpellier 1 CNRS, Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier (IGMM), UMR5535, IFR122, Montpellier, France
| | - Florence Mahuteau-Betzer
- Laboratoire de Pharmaco-chimie, CNRS-Institut Curie, UMR 176 Bat 110 Centre Universitaire, Orsay, France
| | - Chantal Jacquet
- Université Montpellier 2 Université Montpellier 1 CNRS, Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier (IGMM), UMR5535, IFR122, Montpellier, France
| | - Marc Plays
- Université Montpellier 2 Université Montpellier 1 CNRS, Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier (IGMM), UMR5535, IFR122, Montpellier, France
| | - David Grierson
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Marc Sitbon
- Université Montpellier 2 Université Montpellier 1 CNRS, Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier (IGMM), UMR5535, IFR122, Montpellier, France
- * E-mail: (MS); (JT)
| | - Jamal Tazi
- Université Montpellier 2 Université Montpellier 1 CNRS, Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier (IGMM), UMR5535, IFR122, Montpellier, France
- * E-mail: (MS); (JT)
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Petit V, Guétard D, Renard M, Keriel A, Sitbon M, Wain-Hobson S, Vartanian JP. Murine APOBEC1 is a powerful mutator of retroviral and cellular RNA in vitro and in vivo. J Mol Biol 2008; 385:65-78. [PMID: 18983852 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2008.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2008] [Revised: 10/01/2008] [Accepted: 10/06/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian APOBEC molecules comprise a large family of cytidine deaminases with specificity for RNA and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). APOBEC1s are invariably highly specific and edit a single residue in a cellular mRNA, while the cellular targets for APOBEC3s are not clearly established, although they may curtail the transposition of some retrotransposons. Two of the seven member human APOBEC3 enzymes strongly restrict human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro and in vivo. We show here that ssDNA hyperediting of an infectious exogenous gammaretrovirus, the Friend-murine leukemia virus, by murine APOBEC1 and APOBEC3 deaminases occurs in vitro. Murine APOBEC1 was able to hyperdeaminate cytidine residues in murine leukemia virus genomic RNA as well. Analysis of the edited sites shows that the deamination in vivo was due to mouse APOBEC1 rather than APOBEC3. Furthermore, murine APOBEC1 is able to hyperedit its primary substrate in vivo, the apolipoprotein B mRNA, and a variety of heterologous RNAs. In short, murine APOBEC1 is a hypermutator of both RNA and ssDNA in vivo, which could exert occasional side effects upon overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Petit
- Unité de Rétrovirologie Moléculaire, CNRS URA, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
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16
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Keriel A, René C, Galer C, Zabner J, Kremer EJ. Canine adenovirus vectors for lung-directed gene transfer: efficacy, immune response, and duration of transgene expression using helper-dependent vectors. J Virol 2006; 80:1487-96. [PMID: 16415025 PMCID: PMC1346928 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.80.3.1487-1496.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A major hurdle to the successful clinical use of some viral vectors relates to the innate, adaptive, and memory immune responses that limit the efficiency and duration of transgene expression. Some of these drawbacks may be circumvented by using vectors derived from nonhuman viruses such as canine adenovirus type 2 (CAV-2). Here, we evaluated the potential of CAV-2 vectors for gene transfer to the respiratory tract. We found that CAV-2 transduction was efficient in vivo in the mouse respiratory tract, and ex vivo in well-differentiated human pulmonary epithelia. Notably, the in vivo and ex vivo efficiency was poorly inhibited by sera from mice immunized with a human adenovirus type 5 (HAd5, a ubiquitous human pathogen) vector or by human sera containing HAd5 neutralizing antibodies. Following intranasal instillation in mice, CAV-2 vectors also led to a lower level of inflammatory cytokine secretion and cellular infiltration compared to HAd5 vectors. Moreover, CAV-2 transduction efficiency was increased in vitro in human pulmonary cells and in vivo in the mouse respiratory tract by FK228, a histone deacetylase inhibitor. Finally, by using a helper-dependent CAV-2 vector, we increased the in vivo duration of transgene expression to at least 3 months in immunocompetent mice without immunosuppression. Our data suggest that CAV-2 vectors may be efficient and safe tools for long-term clinical gene transfer to the respiratory tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Keriel
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, CNRS UMR 5535, Adenoviridae: Receptors, Trafficking & Vectorology, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France
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17
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18
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Dubaele S, Proietti De Santis L, Bienstock RJ, Keriel A, Stefanini M, Van Houten B, Egly JM. Basal transcription defect discriminates between xeroderma pigmentosum and trichothiodystrophy in XPD patients. Mol Cell 2003; 11:1635-46. [PMID: 12820975 DOI: 10.1016/s1097-2765(03)00182-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the XPD gene result in xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) and trichothiodystrophy (TTD), the phenotypes of which are often intricate. To understand the genotype/phenotype relationship, we engineered recombinant TFIIHs in which XPD subunits carry amino acid changes found in XPD patients. We demonstrate that all the XPD mutations are detrimental for XPD helicase activity, thus explaining the NER defect. We also show that TFIIH from TTD patients, but not from XP patients, exhibits a significant in vitro basal transcription defect in addition to a reduced intracellular concentration. Moreover, when XPD mutations prevent interaction with the p44 subunit of TFIIH, transactivation directed by certain nuclear receptors is inhibited, regardless of TTD versus XP phenotype, thus explaining the overlapping symptoms. The implications of these mutations are discussed using a structural model of the XPD protein. Our study provides explanations for the nature and the severity of the various clinical features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandy Dubaele
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS/INSERM/ULP, BP 10142, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, C.U. Strasbourg, France
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Hemminki A, Kanerva A, Kremer EJ, Bauerschmitz GJ, Smith BF, Liu B, Wang M, Desmond RA, Keriel A, Barnett B, Baker HJ, Siegal GP, Curiel DT. A canine conditionally replicating adenovirus for evaluating oncolytic virotherapy in a syngeneic animal model. Mol Ther 2003; 7:163-73. [PMID: 12597904 DOI: 10.1016/s1525-0016(02)00049-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic adenoviruses, which selectively replicate in and subsequently kill cancer cells, have emerged as a promising approach for treatment of tumors resistant to other modalities. Although preclinical results have been exciting, single-agent clinical efficacy has been less impressive heretofore. The immunogenicity of adenoviruses, and consequent premature abrogation of replication, may have been a partial reason. Improving the oncolytic potency of agents has been hampered by the inability to study host-vector interactions in immune-competent systems, since human serotype adenoviruses do not productively replicate in animal tissues. Therefore, approaches such as immunomodulation, which could result in sustained replication and subsequently increased oncolysis, have not been studied. Utilizing the osteocalcin promoter for restricting the replication of a canine adenovirus to dog osteosarcoma cells, we generated and tested the first nonhuman oncolytic adenovirus. This virus effectively killed canine osteosarcoma cells in vitro and yielded a therapeutic benefit in vivo. Canine osteosarcoma is the most frequent malignant disease in large dogs, with over 8000 cases in the United States annually, and there is no curative treatment. Therefore, immunomodulation for increased oncolytic potency could be studied with clinical trials in this population. This could eventually translate into human trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akseli Hemminki
- Division of Human Gene Therapy, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-2172, USA.
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Keriel A, Stary A, Sarasin A, Rochette-Egly C, Egly JM. XPD mutations prevent TFIIH-dependent transactivation by nuclear receptors and phosphorylation of RARalpha. Cell 2002; 109:125-35. [PMID: 11955452 DOI: 10.1016/s0092-8674(02)00692-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Inherited mutations in the XPD subunit of the general transcription/repair factor TFIIH yield the rare genetic disorder Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP), the phenotypes of which cannot be explained solely on the basis of a DNA repair defect. In cells derived from XP-D patients, we observed a reduction of the ligand-dependent transactivation mediated by several nuclear receptors (RARalpha, ERalpha, and AR). We demonstrate that the XPD mutation alters cdk7 function in RARalpha phosphorylation. Transactivation is restored upon overexpression of either the wild-type XPD or the RARalphaS77E (a mutation which mimics phosphorylated RARalpha). Thus, we demonstrate that the cdk7 kinase of TFIIH phosphorylates the nuclear receptor, then allowing ligand-dependent control of the activation of the hormone-responsive genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Keriel
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS/INSERM/ULP, BP 163, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, C. U., Strasbourg, France
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21
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Lin H, Keriel A, Morales CR, Bedard N, Zhao Q, Hingamp P, Lefrançois S, Combaret L, Wing SS. Divergent N-terminal sequences target an inducible testis deubiquitinating enzyme to distinct subcellular structures. Mol Cell Biol 2000; 20:6568-78. [PMID: 10938131 PMCID: PMC86134 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.20.17.6568-6578.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin-specific processing proteases (UBPs) presently form the largest enzyme family in the ubiquitin system, characterized by a core region containing conserved motifs surrounded by divergent sequences, most commonly at the N-terminal end. The functions of these divergent sequences remain unclear. We identified two isoforms of a novel testis-specific UBP, UBP-t1 and UBP-t2, which contain identical core regions but distinct N termini, thereby permitting dissection of the functions of these two regions. Both isoforms were germ cell specific and developmentally regulated. Immunocytochemistry revealed that UBP-t1 was induced in step 16 to 19 spermatids while UBP-t2 was expressed in step 18 to 19 spermatids. Immunoelectron microscopy showed that UBP-t1 was found in the nucleus while UBP-t2 was extranuclear and was found in residual bodies. For the first time, we show that the differential subcellular localization was due to the distinct N-terminal sequences. When transfected into COS-7 cells, the core region was expressed throughout the cell but the UBP-t1 and UBP-t2 isoforms were concentrated in the nucleus and the perinuclear region, respectively. Fusions of each N-terminal end with green fluorescent protein yielded the same subcellular localization as the native proteins, indicating that the N-terminal ends were sufficient for determining differential localization. Interestingly, UBP-t2 colocalized with anti-gamma-tubulin immunoreactivity, indicating that like several other components of the ubiquitin system, a deubiquitinating enzyme is associated with the centrosome. Regulated expression and alternative N termini can confer specificity of UBP function by restricting its temporal and spatial loci of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Lin
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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Busso D, Keriel A, Sandrock B, Poterszman A, Gileadi O, Egly JM. Distinct regions of MAT1 regulate cdk7 kinase and TFIIH transcription activities. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:22815-23. [PMID: 10801852 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m002578200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription/DNA repair factor TFIIH may be resolved into at least two subcomplexes: the core TFIIH and the cdk-activating kinase (CAK) complex. The CAK complex, which is also found free in the cell, is composed of cdk7, cyclin H, and MAT1. In the present work, we found that the C terminus of MAT1 binds to the cdk7 x cyclin H complex and activates the cdk7 kinase activity. The median portion of MAT1, which contains a coiled-coil motif, allows the binding of CAK to the TFIIH core through interactions with both XPD and XPB helicases. Furthermore, using recombinant TFIIH complexes, it is demonstrated that the N-terminal RING finger domain of MAT1 is crucial for transcription activation and participates to the phosphorylation of the C-terminal domain of the largest subunit of the RNA polymerase II.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Busso
- Institut de Genetique et de Biologie Moleculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS/INSERM/Université Louis Pasteur, Boíte Postale 163, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, Communauté Urbaine de Strasbourg, France
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Abstract
The largest subunit of the human basal transcription factor TFIIFalpha (also called RAP74) was reported previously to be the target of some phospho/dephosphorylation process. We show that TFIIFalpha possesses a serine/threonine kinase activity, allowing an autophosphorylation of the two residues at position serine 385 and threonine 389. Mutation analysis strongly suggests that autophosphorylation of both sites regulates the transcription elongation process. Moreover we also evidence three additional phosphorylation sites located at positions 207-230, 271-283, and 335-344. These sites are phosphorylated by casein kinase II-like kinases and TAF(II)250, a component of TFIID.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rossignol
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS/INSERM/ULP, B. P.163, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, Communaute Urbaine de Strasbourg, France
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