1
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Liu Z, Zhang H, Hong G, Bi X, Hu J, Zhang T, An Y, Guo N, Dong F, Xiao Y, Li W, Zhao X, Chu B, Guo S, Zhang X, Chai R, Fu X. Inhibition of Gpx4-mediated ferroptosis alleviates cisplatin-induced hearing loss in C57BL/6 mice. Mol Ther 2024; 32:1387-1406. [PMID: 38414247 PMCID: PMC11081921 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin-induced hearing loss is a common side effect of cancer chemotherapy in clinics; however, the mechanism of cisplatin-induced ototoxicity is still not completely clarified. Cisplatin-induced ototoxicity is mainly associated with the production of reactive oxygen species, activation of apoptosis, and accumulation of intracellular lipid peroxidation, which also is involved in ferroptosis induction. In this study, the expression of TfR1, a ferroptosis biomarker, was upregulated in the outer hair cells of cisplatin-treated mice. Moreover, several key ferroptosis regulator genes were altered in cisplatin-damaged cochlear explants based on RNA sequencing, implying the induction of ferroptosis. Ferroptosis-related Gpx4 and Fsp1 knockout mice were established to investigate the specific mechanisms associated with ferroptosis in cochleae. Severe outer hair cell loss and progressive damage of synapses in inner hair cells were observed in Atoh1-Gpx4-/- mice. However, Fsp1-/- mice showed no significant hearing phenotype, demonstrating that Gpx4, but not Fsp1, may play an important role in the functional maintenance of HCs. Moreover, findings showed that FDA-approved luteolin could specifically inhibit ferroptosis and alleviate cisplatin-induced ototoxicity through decreased expression of transferrin and intracellular concentration of ferrous ions. This study indicated that ferroptosis inhibition through the reduction of intracellular ferrous ions might be a potential strategy to prevent cisplatin-induced hearing loss.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cisplatin/adverse effects
- Ferroptosis/drug effects
- Ferroptosis/genetics
- Mice
- Hearing Loss/chemically induced
- Hearing Loss/genetics
- Hearing Loss/metabolism
- Mice, Knockout
- Phospholipid Hydroperoxide Glutathione Peroxidase/metabolism
- Phospholipid Hydroperoxide Glutathione Peroxidase/genetics
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Disease Models, Animal
- Receptors, Transferrin/metabolism
- Receptors, Transferrin/genetics
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects
- Hair Cells, Auditory, Outer/metabolism
- Hair Cells, Auditory, Outer/drug effects
- Hair Cells, Auditory, Outer/pathology
- Ototoxicity/etiology
- Ototoxicity/metabolism
- Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects
- Apoptosis/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Liu
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Institute of Brain Science and Brain-inspired Research, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
| | - Hanbing Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, NHC Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology (Shandong University), Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Guodong Hong
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Institute of Brain Science and Brain-inspired Research, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
| | - Xiuli Bi
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Institute of Brain Science and Brain-inspired Research, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
| | - Jun Hu
- Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Tiancheng Zhang
- Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Yachun An
- School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Na Guo
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Institute of Brain Science and Brain-inspired Research, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
| | - Fengyue Dong
- School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Yu Xiao
- School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Wen Li
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Institute of Brain Science and Brain-inspired Research, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
| | - Xiaoxu Zhao
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Institute of Brain Science and Brain-inspired Research, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
| | - Bo Chu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250102, China
| | - Siwei Guo
- School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Xiaohan Zhang
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Institute of Brain Science and Brain-inspired Research, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
| | - Renjie Chai
- Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, School of Medicine, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China; Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China; Department of Neurology, Aerospace Center Hospital, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China; Southeast University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518063, China.
| | - Xiaolong Fu
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Institute of Brain Science and Brain-inspired Research, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China.
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2
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Almatroodi SA, Almatroudi A, Alharbi HOA, Khan AA, Rahmani AH. Effects and Mechanisms of Luteolin, a Plant-Based Flavonoid, in the Prevention of Cancers via Modulation of Inflammation and Cell Signaling Molecules. Molecules 2024; 29:1093. [PMID: 38474604 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Luteolin, a flavonoid, is mainly found in various vegetables and fruits, including carrots, cabbages, onions, parsley, apples, broccoli, and peppers. Extensive research in vivo and in vitro has been performed to explore its role in disease prevention and treatment. Moreover, this compound possesses the ability to combat cancer by modulating cell-signaling pathways across various types of cancer. The studies have confirmed that luteolin can inhibit cancer-cell survival and proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, mTOR/PI3K/Akt, STAT3, Wnt/β-catenin, and cell-cycle arrest, and induce apoptosis. Further, scientific evidence describes that this compound plays a vital role in the up/down-regulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) in cancer therapy. This review aims to outline the anti-cancer mechanisms of this compound and its molecular targets. However, a knowledge gap remains regarding the studies on its safety and efficacy and clinical trials. Therefore, it is essential to conduct more research based on safety, efficacy, and clinical trials to explore the beneficial role of this compound in disease management, including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh A Almatroodi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hajed Obaid A Alharbi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amjad Ali Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arshad Husain Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
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3
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Nahar K, Zohora FT, Begum R, Hasan M, Aziz A, Jui Y, Al-Mansur MA, Anwar MR. Isolation and Evaluation of Cytotoxic, Anti-Inflammatory, Anti-Ulcer Activity of Methanolic Extract of Ceriops decandra leaves. BIOMEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGY JOURNAL 2023; 16:1681-1691. [DOI: 10.13005/bpj/2746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2024]
Abstract
The current study was undertaken to provide scientific validation for the traditional medicinal applications of Ceriops decandra leaves in treating gastrointestinal disorders and inflammation. Additionally, the study aimed to isolate a pure component from the extracted leaves for further analysis. Lupeol was extracted from the crude methanolic extract of Ceriops decandra leaves by column chromatography as part of a phytochemical inquiry. Its structure was determined using 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. In order to assess the cytotoxicity, the unrefined methanolic extract was divided into two fractions: a petroleum fraction and an aqueous fraction, employing the modified Kupchan method. The brine shrimp lethality test revealed that both the aqueous and petroleum ether fractions had significant cytotoxic activity, with LC50 values of 1.93 µg/l and 2.04 µg/l, respectively. These values were compared to the LC50 value of the standard Vincristine Sulphate, which was found to be 0.02 µg/l. The results of the anti-inflammatory trial demonstrated that the administration of the extract at doses of 250mg/kg and 500mg/kg resulted in protection rates of 62.5% and 87.5%, respectively, as compared to the carrageenan control group after 3 hours post-injection. It is worth noting that Ibuprofen exhibited a higher level of protection, with a rate of 91.7%. In the context of ethanol-induced stomach ulcer, the administration of extracts at doses of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg resulted in 45.5% and 59.1% protection against gastric ulcer, respectively. These findings were compared to the protective effect of Omeprazole, which demonstrated 63.6% protection and served as the standard reference. The findings suggest that the methanolic leaf extract of Ceriops decandra possesses robust cytotoxic and potent anti-inflammatory and anti-ulcer properties. These results provide support for the traditional application of this extract in the management of gastrointestinal diseases, inflammation, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamrun Nahar
- 1Department of Pharmacy, Primeasia University, Bangladesh. Star Tower, 12 Kemal Ataturk Ave, Dhaka
| | - Fatema-Tuz- Zohora
- 2Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Bangladesh. 74/A Green Rd, Dhaka
| | - Rayhana Begum
- 1Department of Pharmacy, Primeasia University, Bangladesh. Star Tower, 12 Kemal Ataturk Ave, Dhaka
| | - Maruf Hasan
- 1Department of Pharmacy, Primeasia University, Bangladesh. Star Tower, 12 Kemal Ataturk Ave, Dhaka
| | - Abdul Aziz
- 1Department of Pharmacy, Primeasia University, Bangladesh. Star Tower, 12 Kemal Ataturk Ave, Dhaka
| | - Yasmin Jui
- 1Department of Pharmacy, Primeasia University, Bangladesh. Star Tower, 12 Kemal Ataturk Ave, Dhaka
| | - Muhammad Abdullah Al-Mansur
- 3Institute of National Analytical Research and Service (INARS), BCSIR; P9RP+375, Dr. Qudrat-E-Khuda Road Dhaka
| | - Md. Rafi Anwar
- 4University of Louisiana at Monroe, College of Pharmacy, Louisiana, USA
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4
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Huang S, Nan Y, Chen G, Ning N, Du Y, Lu D, Yang Y, Meng F, Yuan L. The Role and Mechanism of Perilla frutescens in Cancer Treatment. Molecules 2023; 28:5883. [PMID: 37570851 PMCID: PMC10421205 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Perilla frutescens is an annual herb of the Labiatae family and is widely grown in several countries in Asia. Perilla frutescens is a plant that is used medicinally in its entirety, as seen in its subdivision into perilla seeds, perilla stalks, and perilla leaves, which vary more markedly in their chemical composition. Several studies have shown that Perilla frutescens has a variety of pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, detoxifying, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective. In the absence of a review of Perilla frutescens for the treatment of cancer. This review provides an overview of the chemical composition and molecular mechanisms of Perilla frutescens for cancer treatment. It was found that the main active components of Perilla frutescens producing cancer therapeutic effects were perilla aldehyde (PAH), rosmarinic acid (Ros A), lignan, and isoestrogen (IK). In addition to these, extracts of the leaves and fruits of Perilla frutescens are also included. Among these, perilla seed oil (PSO) has a preventive effect against colorectal cancer due to the presence of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. This review also provides new ideas and thoughts for scientific innovation and clinical applications related to Perilla frutescens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shicong Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (S.H.); (Y.N.); (G.C.); (N.N.); (Y.D.)
| | - Yi Nan
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (S.H.); (Y.N.); (G.C.); (N.N.); (Y.D.)
- Key Laboratory of Ningxia Ethnomedicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Guoqing Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (S.H.); (Y.N.); (G.C.); (N.N.); (Y.D.)
| | - Na Ning
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (S.H.); (Y.N.); (G.C.); (N.N.); (Y.D.)
| | - Yuhua Du
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (S.H.); (Y.N.); (G.C.); (N.N.); (Y.D.)
| | - Doudou Lu
- Clinical Medical School, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China;
| | - Yating Yang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (Y.Y.); (F.M.)
| | - Fandi Meng
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (Y.Y.); (F.M.)
| | - Ling Yuan
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (S.H.); (Y.N.); (G.C.); (N.N.); (Y.D.)
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5
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Rocchetti MT, Bellanti F, Zadorozhna M, Fiocco D, Mangieri D. Multi-Faceted Role of Luteolin in Cancer Metastasis: EMT, Angiogenesis, ECM Degradation and Apoptosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108824. [PMID: 37240168 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Luteolin (3',4',5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone), a member of the flavonoid family derived from plants and fruits, shows a wide range of biomedical applications. In fact, due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities, Asian medicine has been using luteolin for centuries to treat several human diseases, including arthritis, rheumatism, hypertension, neurodegenerative disorders and various infections. Of note, luteolin displays many anti-cancer/anti-metastatic properties. Thus, the purpose of this review consists in highlighting the relevant mechanisms by which luteolin inhibits tumor progression in metastasis, i.e., affecting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), repressing angiogenesis and lysis of extracellular matrix (ECM), as well as inducing apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Rocchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesco Bellanti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Via Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Mariia Zadorozhna
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Via Forlanini 14, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniela Fiocco
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Domenica Mangieri
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
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6
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Islam MR, Akash S, Rahman MM, Nowrin FT, Akter T, Shohag S, Rauf A, Aljohani AS, Simal-Gandara J. Colon cancer and colorectal cancer: Prevention and treatment by potential natural products. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 368:110170. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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7
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SAFRIDA, BUDIJANTO S, NURAIDA L, PRIOSOERYANTO BP, SAEPULOH U, MARYA SS, ARDIANSYAH, SHIRAKAWA H. Fermented black rice bran extract inhibit colon cancer proliferation in WiDr cell lines. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.14422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- SAFRIDA
- Universitas Teuku Umar, Indonesia; IPB University, Indonesia
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8
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Erdoğan MK, Ağca CA, Aşkın H. Quercetin and Luteolin Improve the Anticancer Effects of 5-Fluorouracil in Human Colorectal Adenocarcinoma In Vitro Model: A Mechanistic Insight. Nutr Cancer 2021; 74:660-676. [PMID: 34309458 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2021.1900301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the antitumor effects of quercetin and luteolin combined with 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) in HT-29 human colorectal cancer cells. Cell viability induced by quercetin, luteolin and combination of these compounds with 5-FU were determined by MTT assay, also Cell death detection Elisa assay and fluorescence microscopy were performed to investigate apoptotic effects. Hu-VEGF Elisa assay was employed to determine the effects of treatments on angiogenesis. Western blot and qRT-PCR analysis were performed to investigate effects on p53, Bax, Bcl-2, p38 MAPK, mTOR, PTEN, and Akt proteins and genes. The results indicated that quercetin, luteolin and combinations of these compounds with 5-FU inhibited the growth of HT 29 cells. Compared to the control, apoptosis were triggered 8.1 and 10.1 fold in HT-29 cells, that treated with quercetin + 5-FU and luteolin + 5-FU, respectively. VEGF amount significantly decreased by combined treatments. qRT-PCR and western blot results demonstrated that quercetin, luteolin and the combinations of these flavonoids with 5-FU, modulate the apoptotic pathways in HT-29 cells. The increase in p53, Bax, p38 MAPK, and PTEN gene expression levels compared to the control group was 1.71, 1.42, 3.26, and 3.29-fold with 5-FU + L treatment, respectively, while this increase was 8.43, 1.65, 3.55, and 3.54-fold with 5-FU + Q treatment, respectively. In addition, when the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, mTOR, and Akt gene expression levels were normalized as 1 in the control group, they were 0.28, 0.41, and 0.22 with 5-FU + L treatment, and 0.32, 0.46, and 0.39, respectively, with 5-FU + Q treatment. These findings suggested that quercetin and luteolin synergistically enhanced the anticancer effect of 5-FU in HT 29 cells and may therefore minimize the toxic effects of 5-FU in the clinical treatment of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Kadir Erdoğan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Bingol University, Bingol, Turkey
| | - Can Ali Ağca
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Bingol University, Bingol, Turkey
| | - Hakan Aşkın
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Sciences, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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9
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Hosen MZ, Biswas A, Islam MR, Hossain SJ. Anti-Bacterial, Anti-Diarrheal, and Cytotoxic Activities of Edible Fruits in the Sundarbans Mangrove Forest of Bangladesh. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2021; 26:192-199. [PMID: 34316484 PMCID: PMC8276707 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2021.26.2.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated anti-bacterial, anti-diarrheal, and cytotoxic activities of ten edible fruits (Aegiceras corniculatum, Avicennia officinalis, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Ceriops decandra, Heritiera fomes, Nypa fruticans, Phoenix paludosa, Sarcolobusglobosus, Sonneratia caseolaris, and Xylocarpus mekongensis) in the Sundarbans mangrove forest of Bangladesh. Highest antibacterial activity was shown for ethanol:methanol (1:1) extracts of S. caseolaris (2 mg/disc), which demonstrated inhibition zones of 16.7, 17.0, 14.7, 15.7, and 15.7 mm against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp., Shigella boydii, Shigella sonnei, and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. In mice with castor oil-induced diarrhea, S. caseolaris extract (250 mg/kg body weight) showed the highest inhibition (87.7%) and delayed the onset time (273 min) of diarrheal episodes, followed by A. corniculatum extract (inhibition, 83.6%; delayed onset time, 187.4 min). S. caseolaris and A. corniculatum fruit powders were successively fractionated into n-hexane, diethyl ether, chloroform, ethanol, and methanol. Antidiarrheal activity significantly increased with increasing polarity of these fractions. In brine shrimp lethality assay, S. globosus extract demonstrated the highest cytotoxicity (59.2 μg/mL), followed by H. fomes (74.1 μg/mL) and C. decandra (116.7 μg/mL); however, lowest cytotoxicity was shown for A. corniculatum, A. officinalis, and S. caseolaris extracts. Mice treated with A. corniculatum extract did not experience any acute toxicity. These results demonstrate that S. caseolaris and A. corniculatum fruits have potential to treat diarrhea and may act as useful nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zakir Hosen
- Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Anirban Biswas
- Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - M Rabiul Islam
- Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Sheikh Julfikar Hossain
- Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
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10
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Heshmati Afshar F, Zadehkamand M, Rezaei Z, Delazar A, Tarhriz V, Asgharian P. Chemical compositions, antimicrobial effects, and cytotoxicity of Asia minor wormwood (Artemisia splendens Willd.) growing in Iran. BMC Chem 2021; 15:33. [PMID: 33980281 PMCID: PMC8117297 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-021-00759-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Artemisia splendens from the Asteraceae family is a new source of biologically active compounds. The current study investigated to evaluate antimicrobial and cytotoxicity activity of methanolic extracts and their fractions obtained from aerial parts by agar disk diffusion and MTT methods, respectively. The active fractions were subjected to preparative HPLC for isolating the pure compounds, which were structurally elucidated, by 1H and 13C NMR. RESULTS The results showed that the methanolic extract and its 60% SPE fraction have the anti-proliferative activity on A549 cell line in comparison with the control group. Meanwhile, the methanolic extract and its 40% SPE fraction can inhibit the growth of Gram-positive strains as anti-microbial activity. The 60% SPE fraction also illustrated anti-proliferative activity on the HT-29 cell line compared to the control group. Chromatographic separations via preparative HPLC yielded 5 flavonoids and three flavonoid glycosides. CONCLUSION Based on the results it can be concluded that A. splendens as a potential source of cytotoxic and antimicrobial compounds can be used in pharmaceutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Masumeh Zadehkamand
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Research institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zahra Rezaei
- Research institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abbas Delazar
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vahideh Tarhriz
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parina Asgharian
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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11
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Juszczak AM, Czarnomysy R, Strawa JW, Zovko Končić M, Bielawski K, Tomczyk M. In Vitro Anticancer Potential of Jasione montana and Its Main Components against Human Amelanotic Melanoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3345. [PMID: 33805898 PMCID: PMC8036727 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Jasione montana L. (Campanulaceae) is used in traditional Belarusian herbal medicine for sleep disorders in children, but the chemical composition and biological activity have not been investigated. In this study, the activities of J. montana extracts, their fractions and main compounds were evaluated in amelanotic melanoma C32 (CRL-1585) cells and normal fibroblasts (PCS-201-012). The extracts and fractions were analyzed using liquid chromatography-photodiode array detection-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC-PDA-ESI-MS/TOF) to characterize 25 compounds. Further, three major and known constituents, luteolin (22) and its derivatives such as 7-O-glucoside (12) and 7-O-sambubioside (9) were isolated and identified. The cytotoxic activities against fibroblasts and the amelanotic melanoma cell line were determined using the fixable viability stain (FVS) assay. The influence of diethyl ether (Et2O) fraction (JM4) and 22 on apoptosis induction was investigated using an annexin V binding assay. The obtained results showed significant cytotoxicity of JM4 and 22 with IC50 values of 119.7 ± 3.2 and 95.1 ± 7.2 μg/mL, respectively. The proapoptotic potential after 22 treatment in the C32 human amelanotic melanoma cell line was comparable to that of vinblastine sulfate (VLB), detecting 29.2 ± 3.0% apoptotic cells. Moreover, 22 displayed less necrotic potential against melanoma cells than VLB. In addition, the influences of JM4 and 22 on the dysfunction of the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), cell cycle and activity of caspases 3, 8, 9, and 10 were established. The effects of JM4 on MMP change (74.5 ± 3.0% of the cells showed a reduced MMP) corresponded to the results obtained from the annexin V binding assay and activation of caspase-9. JM4 and 22 displayed a significant impact on caspase-9 (40.9 ± 2.4% of the cells contained active caspase-9 after JM4 treatment and 16.6 ± 0.8% after incubation with 22) and the intrinsic (mitochondrial) apoptotic pathway. Moreover, studies have shown that JM4 and 22 affect the activation of external apoptosis pathways by inducing the caspase-8 and caspase-10 cascades. Thus, activation of caspase-3 and DNA damage via external and internal apoptotic pathways were observed after treatment with JM4 and 22. The obtained results suggest that J. montana extracts could be developed as new topical preparations with potential anticancer properties due to their promising cytotoxic and proapoptotic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Maria Juszczak
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2a, 15-230 Białystok, Poland; (A.M.J.); (J.W.S.)
| | - Robert Czarnomysy
- Department of Synthesis and Technology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Kilińskiego 1, 15-089 Białystok, Poland; (R.C.); (K.B.)
| | - Jakub Władysław Strawa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2a, 15-230 Białystok, Poland; (A.M.J.); (J.W.S.)
| | - Marijana Zovko Končić
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 20/II, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Krzysztof Bielawski
- Department of Synthesis and Technology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Kilińskiego 1, 15-089 Białystok, Poland; (R.C.); (K.B.)
| | - Michał Tomczyk
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2a, 15-230 Białystok, Poland; (A.M.J.); (J.W.S.)
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Bioactive Compounds, Antioxidants, and Health Benefits of Sweet Potato Leaves. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26071820. [PMID: 33804903 PMCID: PMC8038024 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26071820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) is one of the most important food crops worldwide and its leaves provide a dietary source of nutrients and various bioactive compounds. These constituents of sweet potato leaves (SPL) vary among varieties and play important roles in treating and preventing various diseases. Recently, more attentions in health-promoting benefits have led to several in vitro and in vivo investigations, as well as the identification and quantification of bioactive compounds in SPL. Among them, many new compounds have been reported as the first identified compounds from SPL with their dominant bioactivities. This review summarizes the current knowledge of the bioactive compositions of SPL and their health benefits. Since SPL serve as a potential source of micronutrients and functional compounds, they can be further developed as a sustainable crop for food and medicinal industries.
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Yoo HS, Won SB, Kwon YH. Luteolin Induces Apoptosis and Autophagy in HCT116 Colon Cancer Cells via p53-Dependent Pathway. Nutr Cancer 2021; 74:677-686. [PMID: 33757400 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2021.1903947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Although a dietary phytochemical luteolin has been shown to regulate various anticancer mechanisms, a role of luteolin in autophagy regulation is mostly unidentified. Here, we investigated whether luteolin exhibits its anticancer effects by induction of apoptosis and autophagy in a p53-dependent manner in colon cancer cells. Cell viability was determined using trypan blue exclusion test. The expressions of proteins and mRNAs were measured by immunoblotting and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, respectively. Luteolin at 10 - 20 μM induced cytotoxicity in p53 wild-type HCT116 colon cancer cells but not in p53 mutant HT-29 cells and normal colon cells. Luteolin exhibited its anticancer effect by increasing p53 phosphorylation and p53 target gene expression, leading to apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in HCT116 cells. We identified that luteolin can induce autophagy in p53 wild-type cells but not in p53 mutant cells, suggesting that luteolin-induced autophagy is p53-dependent; however, chloroquine-mediated inhibition of autophagy did not alter cytotoxicity and apoptosis of cells treated with luteolin. In conclusion, the present data showed that luteolin inhibits the growth of HCT116 colon cancer cells through p53-dependent regulation of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest regardless of the induction of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Soo Yoo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sae Bom Won
- Department of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Chungwoon University, Hongseong, Chungnam, Korea
| | - Young Hye Kwon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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14
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Extracts of Perilla frutescens var. Acuta (Odash.) Kudo Leaves Have Antitumor Effects on Breast Cancer Cells by Suppressing YAP Activity. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:5619761. [PMID: 33628300 PMCID: PMC7899781 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5619761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Yes-associated protein (YAP)/WW domain-containing transcription factor (TAZ) is critical for cell proliferation, survival, and self-renewal. It has been shown to play a crucial oncogenic role in many different types of tumors. In this study, we investigated the antitumor effect of the extracts of Perilla frutescens var. acuta (Odash.) Kudo leaves (PLE) on Hippo-YAP/TAZ signaling. PLE induced the phosphorylation of YAP/TAZ, thereby inhibiting their activity. In addition, the treatment suppresses YAP/TAZ transcriptional activity via the dissociation of the YAP/TAZ-TEAD complex. To elucidate the molecular mechanism of PLE in the regulation of YAP activity, we treated WT and cell lines with gene knockout (KO) for Hippo pathway components with PLE. The inhibitory effects of PLE on YAP-TEAD target genes were significantly attenuated in LATS1/2 KO cells. Moreover, we found the antitumor effect of PLE on MDA-MB-231 and BT549, both of which are triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines. PLE reduced the viability of TNBC cells in a dose-dependent manner and induced cell apoptosis. Further, PLE inhibited the migration ability in MDA-MB-231 cells. This ability was weakened in YAP and TEAD-activated clones suggesting that the inhibition of migration by PLE is mainly achieved by regulating YAP activity. Taken together, the results of this study indicate that PLE suppressed cell growth and increased the apoptosis of breast cancer (BC) cells via inactivation of YAP activity in a LATS1/2-dependent manner.
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Protective actions of bioactive flavonoids chrysin and luteolin on the glyoxal induced formation of advanced glycation end products and aggregation of human serum albumin: In vitro and molecular docking analysis. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 165:2275-2285. [PMID: 33058977 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The post-translational modification of proteins by nonenzymatic glycation (NEG) and the accumulation of AGEs are the two underlying factors associated with the long-term pathogenesis in diabetes. Glyoxal (GO) is a reactive intermediate which has the ability to modify proteins and generate AGEs at a faster rate. Human serum albumin (HSA) being the most abundant serum protein has a higher chance to be modified by NEG. The key objective of the present study is to investigate the potency of chrysin and luteolin as antiglycating and antifibrillating agents in the GO-mediated glycation and fibril formation of HSA. AGEs formation were confirmed from the absorption and fluorescence spectral measurements. Both the flavonoids were able to quench the AGEs fluorescence intensity in vitro indicating the antiglycating nature of the molecules. The formation of fibrils in the GO-modified HSA was confirmed by the Thioflavin T (ThT) fluorescence assay and the flavonoids were found to exihibit the antifibrillation properties in vitro. Docking results suggested that both the flavonoids interact with various amino acid residues of subdomain IIA including glycation prone lysines and arginines via non-covalent forces and further stabilized the structure of HSA, which further explains their mechanisms of action as antiglycating and antifibrillating agents.
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Sarmah S, Pahari S, Belwal VK, Jana M, Singha Roy A. Elucidation of molecular interaction of bioactive flavonoid luteolin with human serum albumin and its glycated analogue using multi-spectroscopic and computational studies. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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17
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Zhang Y, Li X, Guo C, Dong J, Liao L. Mechanisms of Spica Prunellae against thyroid-associated Ophthalmopathy based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:229. [PMID: 32689994 PMCID: PMC7372882 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03022-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is an autoimmune inflammatory disorder, which lacks effective treatment currently. Spica Prunellae (SP) is popularly used for its anti-inflammatory and immune-regulating properties, indicating SP may have potential therapeutic value in TAO. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify the efficiency and potential mechanism of SP in treating TAO. METHODS A network pharmacology integrated molecular docking strategy was used to predict the underlying molecular mechanism of treating TAO. Firstly, the active compounds of SP were obtained from TCMSP database and literature research. Then we collected the putative targets of SP and TAO based on multi-sources databases to generate networks. Network topology analysis, GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed to screen the key targets and mechanism. Furthermore, molecular docking simulation provided an assessment tool for verifying drug and target binding. RESULTS Our results showed that 8 targets (PTGS2, MAPK3, AKT1, TNF, MAPK1, CASP3, IL6, MMP9) were recognized as key therapeutic targets with excellent binding affinity after network analysis and molecular docking-based virtual screening. The results of enrichment analysis suggested that the underlying mechanism was mainly focused on the biological processes and pathways associated with immune inflammation, proliferation, and apoptosis. Notably, the key pathway was considered as the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. CONCLUSION In summary, the present study elucidates that SP may suppress inflammation and proliferation and promote apoptosis through the PI3K-AKT pathway, which makes SP a potential treatment against TAO. And this study offers new reference points for future experimental research and provides a scientific basis for more widespread clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250014, China.,Laboratory of Endocrinology, Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Xianzhi Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250014, China.,Laboratory of Endocrinology, Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Congcong Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011, China
| | - Jianjun Dong
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
| | - Lin Liao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250014, China. .,Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Ji-nan, 250014, China.
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18
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Yang H, Liu BF, Xie FJ, Yang WL, Cao N. Luteolin induces mitochondrial apoptosis in HT29 cells by inhibiting the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2020; 19:2179-2187. [PMID: 32104282 PMCID: PMC7027334 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to investigate luteolin-induced apoptosis and the molecular mechanisms underlying it in HT29 cells. A 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay was used to assess the cytotoxicity of luteolin on HT29 cells, and a dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate assay was used to measure cellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The effects of luteolin on the mitochondrial membrane potential were also evaluated. Bax and Bcl-2 mRNA expression were determined using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Additionally, western blot analysis was performed to assess changes in cytochrome c and caspase-3 protein expression. Localization of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in the nucleus was also assessed using immunofluorescence. Luteolin exhibited cytotoxicity on HT29 cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Additionally, ROS production was indicated to be increased and ROS scavenging was decreased, which resulted in a significant increase in the levels of ROS in the cells. The mitochondrial membrane potential was indicated to decrease following luteolin treatment. At the molecular level, luteolin significantly increased the mRNA expression of Bax and the protein expression of cytochrome c, caspase-3, p47phox and p22phox. The results revealed that luteolin decreased Bcl-2 protein expression and inhibited the nuclear localization of Nrf2. In conclusion, the current study indicated that luteolin inhibited HT29 cell proliferation and induced apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Yang
- Department of General Surgery, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Bing-Fang Liu
- Department of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Fu-Jia Xie
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, P.R China
| | - Wei-Lin Yang
- Department of General Surgery, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Nong Cao
- Department of General Surgery, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
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Liao WL, Lin JY, Shieh JC, Yeh HF, Hsieh YH, Cheng YC, Lee HJ, Shen CY, Cheng CW. Induction of G2/M Phase Arrest by Diosgenin via Activation of Chk1 Kinase and Cdc25C Regulatory Pathways to Promote Apoptosis in Human Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010172. [PMID: 31881805 PMCID: PMC6981609 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-tumor activity of diosgenin, a new steroidal constituent present in fenugreek, on two human breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and Hs578T, was studied. Diosgenin treatment resulted in cell growth inhibition, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis in concentration- and time-dependent manners in both cell lines. Western blot analyses of whole cell lysates for cell cycle proteins showed that diosgenin altered phosphorylated cyclin checkpoint1 (p-Chk1Ser345) and cyclin B expression, which resulted in G2/M phase blockade. Mechanistically, Cdc25C-Cdc2 signaling was involved in inactivating Chk1Ser345 by p53-dependence in MCF-7 cells and p21-dependence in Hs578T cells that are p53-deficient. Moreover, diosgenin induced a significant loss of the mitochondrial membrane potential in breast cancer cells, and prominently affected cell death through down-regulation of the anti-apoptotic protein, Bcl-2. This released cytochrome c and activated the caspase signaling cascade. Taken together, these findings reveal that the anti-proliferative activity of diosgenin involves the induction of G2/M phase arrest via modulating the Cdc25C-Cdc2-cyclin B pathway and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in human breast cancer cell lines. This suggests the potential usefulness of diosgenin in treating breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ling Liao
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40202, Taiwan;
- Center for Personalized Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40202, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Yi Lin
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (J.-Y.L.); (H.-F.Y.); (Y.-H.H.); (H.-J.L.)
| | - Jia-Ching Shieh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan;
| | - Hsiao-Fong Yeh
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (J.-Y.L.); (H.-F.Y.); (Y.-H.H.); (H.-J.L.)
| | - Yi-Hsien Hsieh
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (J.-Y.L.); (H.-F.Y.); (Y.-H.H.); (H.-J.L.)
| | - Yu-Chun Cheng
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei 24205, Taiwan;
| | - Huei-Jane Lee
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (J.-Y.L.); (H.-F.Y.); (Y.-H.H.); (H.-J.L.)
| | - Chen-Yang Shen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40202, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-Y.S.); (C.-W.C.); Tel.: +886-2-2789-9036 (C.-Y.S.); +886-4-2473-0022 (ext. 11677) (C.-W.C.)
| | - Chun-Wen Cheng
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (J.-Y.L.); (H.-F.Y.); (Y.-H.H.); (H.-J.L.)
- Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-Y.S.); (C.-W.C.); Tel.: +886-2-2789-9036 (C.-Y.S.); +886-4-2473-0022 (ext. 11677) (C.-W.C.)
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20
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Ambasta RK, Gupta R, Kumar D, Bhattacharya S, Sarkar A, Kumar P. Can luteolin be a therapeutic molecule for both colon cancer and diabetes? Brief Funct Genomics 2019; 18:230-239. [PMID: 30462152 DOI: 10.1093/bfgp/ely036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes and colon cancer are the leading cause of mortality worldwide. According to World Health Organization, the number of patients with diabetes and cancer is going to be elevated by 50% in 2020. However, several flavonoids have been known to be useful in reducing the chance of cancer/diabetes but the hunt of a single biomolecule that can act as therapeutic and preventive molecules for future epidemic continues. In this review, we aim to perform an illustration of all researches done that target molecular signaling using luteolin in cancer/diabetes and predicted target protein using PharmMapper. The search confirms that luteolin can be a remedial molecule for both cancer and diabetes via acting on variety of signaling pathway. Furthermore, we also intend to illustrate/compare the predicted and verified molecular modes of action of luteolin. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis confirms the expression of CCND1 in colon cancer while immunofluorescence analysis confirms the CDK4 in diabetes. Finally, an effort has been made to map docking of marker protein-luteolin at a particular site using docking software. This review gives a holistic overview about luteolin as a therapeutic molecule for cancer/diabetes via acting on multiple signaling cascade such as p53, Wnt, eNOS, iNOS, SOD and MMP9, with especial emphasis on the cyclin-CDK pathway. Altogether, the review concludes that luteolin can be a molecule for the therapy of both cancer and diabetes by acting on broad signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi K Ambasta
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Former Delhi College of Engineering), Delhi, India
| | - Rohan Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Former Delhi College of Engineering), Delhi, India
| | - Dhiraj Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Former Delhi College of Engineering), Delhi, India
| | - Saurabh Bhattacharya
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology University, Vellore, India
| | - Aditi Sarkar
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology University, Vellore, India
| | - Pravir Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Former Delhi College of Engineering), Delhi, India
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21
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Tavsan Z, Kayali HA. Flavonoids showed anticancer effects on the ovarian cancer cells: Involvement of reactive oxygen species, apoptosis, cell cycle and invasion. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 116:109004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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22
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Koosha S, Mohamed Z, Sinniah A, Alshawsh MA. Investigation into the Molecular Mechanisms underlying the Anti-proliferative and Anti-tumorigenesis activities of Diosmetin against HCT-116 Human Colorectal Cancer. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5148. [PMID: 30914796 PMCID: PMC6435658 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41685-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diosmetin (Dis) is a bioflavonoid with cytotoxicity properties against variety of cancer cells including hepatocarcinoma, breast and colorectal (CRC) cancer. The exact mechanism by which Dis acts against CRC however, still remains unclear, hence in this study, we investigated the possible molecular mechanisms of Dis in CRC cell line, HCT-116. Here, we monitored the viability of HCT-116 cells in the presence of Dis and investigated the underlying mechanism of Dis against HCT-116 cells at the gene and protein levels using NanoString and proteome profiler array technologies. Findings demonstrated that Dis exhibits greater cytotoxic effects towards HCT-116 CRC cells (IC50 = 3.58 ± 0.58 µg/ml) as compared to the normal colon CCD-841 cells (IC50 = 51.95 ± 0.11 µg/ml). Arrests of the cells in G2/M phase confirms the occurrence of mitotic disruption via Dis. Activation of apoptosis factors such as Fas and Bax at the gene and protein levels along with the release of Cytochrome C from mitochondria and cleavage of Caspase cascades indicate the presence of turbulence as a result of apoptosis induction in Dis-treated cells. Moreover, NF-ƙB translocation was inhibited in Dis-treated cells. Our results indicate that Dis can target HCT-116 cells through the mitotic disruption and apoptosis induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Koosha
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zahurin Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ajantha Sinniah
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohammed A Alshawsh
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Imran M, Rauf A, Abu-Izneid T, Nadeem M, Shariati MA, Khan IA, Imran A, Orhan IE, Rizwan M, Atif M, Gondal TA, Mubarak MS. Luteolin, a flavonoid, as an anticancer agent: A review. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 112:108612. [PMID: 30798142 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 423] [Impact Index Per Article: 84.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Many food-derived phytochemicals and their derivatives represent a cornucopia of new anti-cancer compounds. Luteolin (3,4,5,7-tetrahydroxy flavone) is a flavonoid found in different plants such as vegetables, medicinal herbs, and fruits. It acts as an anticancer agent against various types of human malignancies such as lung, breast, glioblastoma, prostate, colon, and pancreatic cancers. It also blocks cancer development in vitro and in vivo by inhibition of proliferation of tumor cells, protection from carcinogenic stimuli, and activation of cell cycle arrest, and by inducing apoptosis through different signaling pathways. Luteolin can additionally reverse epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through a mechanism that involves cytoskeleton shrinkage, induction of the epithelial biomarker E-cadherin expression, and by down-regulation of the mesenchymal biomarkers N-cadherin, snail, and vimentin. Furthermore, luteolin increases levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) by activation of lethal endoplasmic reticulum stress response and mitochondrial dysfunction in glioblastoma cells, and by activation of ER stress-associated proteins expressions, including phosphorylation of eIF2α, PERK, CHOP, ATF4, and cleaved-caspase 12. Accordingly, the present review article summarizes the progress of recent research on luteolin against several human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahor, Pakistan
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Anbar, 23561, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
| | - Tareq Abu-Izneid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University of Science and Technology, Al Ain Campus, UAE
| | - Muhammad Nadeem
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Vehari, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Ali Shariati
- Laboratory of Biocontrol and Antimicrobial Resistance, Orel State, University Named After I.S. Turgenev, 302026, Orel, Russia
| | - Imtiaz Ali Khan
- Department of Agriculture, University of Swabi, Anbar, 23561, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Ali Imran
- Department of Food Science, Nutrition & Home Economics, Institute of Home and Food Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ilkay Erdogan Orhan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Abasyn University Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Atif
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tanweer Aslam Gondal
- School of Exercise and Nutrition, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Australia
| | - Mohammad S Mubarak
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan.
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Pu Y, Zhang T, Wang J, Mao Z, Duan B, Long Y, Xue F, Liu D, Liu S, Gao Z. Luteolin exerts an anticancer effect on gastric cancer cells through multiple signaling pathways and regulating miRNAs. J Cancer 2018; 9:3669-3675. [PMID: 30405835 PMCID: PMC6215998 DOI: 10.7150/jca.27183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating studies confirmed that luteolin, a common dietary flavonoid which is widely distributed in plants and has diverse beneficial biological function, including anti-oxidant, anti-inflammation and anticancer properties. However, the detail mechanisms of luteolin on GC are poorly understood. Here, we investigated the anticancer effect of luteolin in GC cells in vitro and in vivo. Luteolin reduced the cell viability in a time and dose-dependent manner. Luteolin significantly inhibited cell cycle progress, colony formation, proliferation, migration, invasion and promoted apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Luteolin also regulated these biological effects associated regulators. Mechanically, luteolin treatment regulated Notch1, PI3K, AKT, mTOR, ERK, STAT3 and P38 signaling pathways and modulated a series of miRNAs expression. These findings provide novel insight into the molecular function of luteolin which suggest its potential as a therapeutic agent for human GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yansong Pu
- The Second Department of General Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- The Second Department of General Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- The Second Department of General Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Zhijun Mao
- The Second Department of General Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Baojun Duan
- Department of Oncology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Yanbin Long
- The Second Department of General Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Fei Xue
- The Second Department of General Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Dong Liu
- The Second Department of General Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Sida Liu
- The Second Department of General Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Zengzhan Gao
- The Second Department of General Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
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Anwar A, Uddin N, Siddiqui BS, Siddiqui RA, Begum S, Choudhary MI. A natural flavonoid lawsonaringenin induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in HT-29 colorectal cancer cells by targeting multiple signalling pathways. Mol Biol Rep 2018; 45:1339-1348. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-018-4294-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Anson DM, Wilcox RM, Huseman ED, Stump TA, Paris RL, Darkwah BO, Lin S, Adegoke AO, Gryka RJ, Jean-Louis DS, Amos S. Luteolin Decreases Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Mediated Cell Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis in Glioblastoma Cell Lines. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2018; 123:678-686. [PMID: 29935053 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastomas are a subtype of gliomas, which are the most aggressive and deadly form of brain tumours. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is over-expressed and amplified in glioblastomas. Luteolin is a common bioflavonoid found in a variety of fruits and vegetables. The aim of this study was to explore the molecular and biological effects of luteolin on EGF-induced cell proliferation and the potential of luteolin to induce apoptosis in glioblastoma cells. In vitro cell viability assays demonstrated that luteolin decreased cell proliferation in the presence or absence of EGF. Immunoblots revealed that luteolin decreased the protein expression levels of phosphorylated Akt, mTOR, p70S6K and MAPK in the presence of EGF. Furthermore, our results revealed the ability of luteolin to induce caspase and PARP cleavages in glioblastoma cells in addition to promoting cell cycle arrest. Our results demonstrated that luteolin has an inhibitory effect on downstream signalling molecules activated by EGFR, particularly the Akt and MAPK signalling pathways, and provided a rationale for further clinical investigation into the use of luteolin as a therapeutic molecule in the management of glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Anson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Cedarville University, Cedarville, OH, USA
| | - Rachel M Wilcox
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Cedarville University, Cedarville, OH, USA
| | - Eric D Huseman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Cedarville University, Cedarville, OH, USA
| | - Trevor A Stump
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Cedarville University, Cedarville, OH, USA
| | - Robert L Paris
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Cedarville University, Cedarville, OH, USA
| | - Belinda O Darkwah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Cedarville University, Cedarville, OH, USA
| | - Stacy Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Cedarville University, Cedarville, OH, USA
| | - Andrea O Adegoke
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Cedarville University, Cedarville, OH, USA
| | - Rebecca J Gryka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Cedarville University, Cedarville, OH, USA
| | - Denise S Jean-Louis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Cedarville University, Cedarville, OH, USA
| | - Samson Amos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Cedarville University, Cedarville, OH, USA
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Dong W, Lin Y, Cao Y, Liu Y, Xie X, Gu W. Luteolin induces myelodysplastic syndrome‑derived cell apoptosis via the p53‑dependent mitochondrial signaling pathway mediated by reactive oxygen species. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:1106-1115. [PMID: 29786746 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Luteolin, a common dietary flavonoid, induces the apoptosis of cells in several types of cancer. However, its role in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and the potential underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. To evaluate the potential benefit and underlying mechanisms of luteolin in MDS cells, the viability of SKM‑1 cells and primary bone marrow (PBM) mononuclear cells from patients with intermediate‑ or high‑risk MDS were assessed using a Cell Counting Kit‑8 assay. The apoptotic features of cell morphology were assessed using Wright‑Giemsa staining, DNA fragmentation was analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis, and the extent of apoptosis was quantified by flow cytometry (FCM). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured by FCM with 2,7‑dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate staining and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) was determined using 5,5',6,6'‑tetrachloro‑1,1',3,3'‑tetraethylbenzimidazolylcarbocyanine iodide staining. Caspase activity was detected using a fluorometric protease assay. Furthermore, the effects of luteolin on the expression of apoptosis‑related proteins were analyzed using western blot analysis. The resulting data revealed that luteolin significantly inhibited the proliferation of SKM‑1 cells in vitro, and its half maximal inhibitory concentration was 139.41 µM at 24 h and 23.95 µM at 72 h. Luteolin also markedly inhibited the proliferation of mononuclear cells from patients with intermediate‑ or high‑risk MDS. Luteolin suppressed cell proliferation, mainly as a result of the induction of apoptosis, as demonstrated by typical apoptotic morphological features, the ladder pattern of genomic DNA fragmentation, and the results of FCM using Annexin V‑FITC/PI double staining. It was also found that short‑term exposure of SKM‑1 cells to luteolin led to a marked increase in the accumulation of ROS. The increased intracellular level of ROS appeared to induce the activation of p53 and elevate the B‑cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl‑2)‑associated X protein/Bcl‑2 ratio, which modulates ΔΨm and triggers the release of cytochrome c, and may increase the activities of apoptotic protease activating factor 1, caspase‑3, ‑8 and ‑9 to further trigger the destruction of structural and specific proteins and thereby cell apoptosis. Notably, the inhibition of ROS generation by the antioxidant N‑acetyl‑L‑cysteine significantly attenuated the luteolin‑induced loss of ΔΨm and activities of caspase‑3, ‑8 and ‑9. These data suggested that luteolin exerts its pro‑apoptotic action partly through the p53‑dependent mitochondrial signaling pathway mediated by intracellular ROS, which provides a promising therapeutic candidate for patients with MDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weimin Dong
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Yan Lin
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobao Xie
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Weiying Gu
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
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Response of Myeloid Leukemia Cells to Luteolin is Modulated by Differentially Expressed Pituitary Tumor-Transforming Gene 1 (PTTG1) Oncoprotein. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19041173. [PMID: 29649138 PMCID: PMC5979486 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Luteolin, a flavonoid nutraceutical abundant in vegetables and fruits, exhibits a wide range of bioactive properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities. Pituitary tumor-transforming gene 1 (PTTG1), an oncoprotein that regulates cell proliferation, is highly expressed in several types of cancer cells including leukemia. In this study, we aim to investigate the anti-cancer effects of luteolin on cells with differential PTTG1 expression and their underlying mechanisms in human myeloid leukemia cells. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay data showed that luteolin (25–100 μM) significantly reduced cell viability in THP-1, HL-60 and K562 cells but did not affect normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Flow cytometric analysis and Western blot data demonstrated that luteolin induced a stronger apoptosis on undifferentiated myeloid leukemia cells with higher PTTG1 protein levels than on 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)- or all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA)-differentiated cells with lower PTTG1 expression. Furthermore, PTTG1 knockdown by shRNA in leukemia cells suppressed cell proliferation, arrested cell-cycle progression and impaired the effectiveness of luteolin on cell-cycle regulation. Moreover, PTTG1-knockdown cells with luteolin exposure presented a reduction of the apoptotic proteins and maintained higher levels of the anti-apoptotic proteins such as Mcl-1, Bcl-2 and p21, which exhibited greater resistance to apoptosis. Finally, microarray analysis showed that 20 genes associated with cell proliferation, such as CXCL10, VEGFA, TNF, TP63 and FGFR1, were dramatically down-regulated in PTTG1-knockdown cells. Our current findings clearly demonstrate that luteolin-triggered leukemic cell apoptosis is modulated by the differential expression of the PTTG1. PTTG1 oncoprotein overexpression may modulate cell proliferation-related regulators and enhance the response of myeloid leukemia cells to luteolin. Luteolin is beneficial for the treatment of cancer cells with highly expressed PTTG1 oncoprotein.
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Luteolin inhibits cell proliferation and induces cell apoptosis via down-regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential in esophageal carcinoma cells EC1 and KYSE450. Oncotarget 2018; 8:27471-27480. [PMID: 28460467 PMCID: PMC5432349 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In current study, we investigated the anti-tumor effect of luteolin in human ESCC cell lines in vitro and in vivo and tried to explore the potential mechanisms. Results from flow cytometry showed that luteolin could induce apoptosis and caspase-3 activation and induce cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase in a dose- and time-dependent manner in EC1 and KYSE450 cells. JC-1 test results showed that membrane potential of mitochondria after luteolin treatment was down-regulated and this was an indicator for intrinsic apoptosis. Western Blot results showed the expression of cell cycle regulatory protein p21 and p53 increased and three apoptosis related proteins that participate in mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, namely, Bim, CYT-c and cPARP, also increased in luteolin treated cells compared with control groups. We further confirmed that luteolin could significantly inhibit the growth of ESCC tumors in xenograft mouse models and no evidence of systemic toxicity was observed. Our results suggest that luteolin can induce cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase through mitochondrial pathway in EC1 and KYSE450 cell lines and proper utilization of luteolin might be a practical approach in ESCC chemotherapy.
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30
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Polyphenols in Colorectal Cancer: Current State of Knowledge including Clinical Trials and Molecular Mechanism of Action. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:4154185. [PMID: 29568751 PMCID: PMC5820674 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4154185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenols have been reported to have wide spectrum of biological activities including major impact on initiation, promotion, and progression of cancer by modulating different signalling pathways. Colorectal cancer is the second most major cause of mortality and morbidity among females and the third among males. The objective of this review is to describe the activity of a variety of polyphenols in colorectal cancer in clinical trials, preclinical studies, and primary research. The molecular mechanisms of major polyphenols related to their beneficial effects on colorectal cancer are also addressed. Synthetic modifications and other future directions towards exploiting of natural polyphenols against colorectal cancer are discussed in the last section.
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Malami I, Muhammad A, Etti IC, Waziri PM, Alhassan AM. An in silico approach in predicting the possible mechanism involving restoration of wild-type p53 functions by small molecular weight compounds in tumor cells expressing R273H mutant p53. EXCLI JOURNAL 2017; 16:1276-1287. [PMID: 29333130 PMCID: PMC5763090 DOI: 10.17179/excli2017-299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
R273H mutant p53 is a DNA-contact mutant that renders p53 dysfunctional due to a single substitution of Arg273 for His273. Rescuing R273 mutant p53 implies that a competent molecule would have to bind to the site of DNA-contact hot spots to complement the loss of contact with the DNA-binding domain. Here, curcumin, flavokawain B, and alpinetin were docked against the crystal structure of R273H mutant p53 in silico. Consequently, all the compounds bind to the cavity of R273H mutant p53 with a dissociation constant estimated to have 36.57, 70.77, and 75.11 µM for curcumin, flavokawain B, and alpinetin, respectively. Subsequently, each molecule was able to bind to the R273H mutant p53 by interacting with the DNA-contact hot spot Arg248 and mutant R273H, thereby compensating for the loss of direct contact with the DNA-binding domain. Furthermore, all the molecules were able to induce a direct contact with the consensus site of the DNA binding domain, thus maintaining DNA-contact residues with the DNA. The present findings offer preliminary indirect supporting evidence that small molecular weight compounds may certainly rescue DNA-contact mutant p53, which may lay a foundation for designing a competent and effective molecule capable of rescuing mutant p53 in tumor cells expressing R273H mutant p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Malami
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Aliyu Muhammad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Imaobong C Etti
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Universiti of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria
| | - Peter M Waziri
- Department of Biochemistry, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Alhassan M Alhassan
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
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32
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Chen Z, Zhang B, Gao F, Shi R. Modulation of G 2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by luteolin in human colon cancer cells and xenografts. Oncol Lett 2017; 15:1559-1565. [PMID: 29434850 PMCID: PMC5776168 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms of the potent cell cycle inhibition and apoptotic effect of luteolin on LoVo human colon cancer cells. In the present study, Cell Counting kit-8 assay revealed that luteolin exerted notable cytotoxicity on LoVo cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, with a 50% inhibitory concentration value of 66.70 and 30.47 µmol/l at the time points of 24 and 72 h, respectively. Flow cytometric analysis confirmed that luteolin promoted cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase, and subsequently induced cell apoptosis. Western blot analysis further revealed that luteolin exhibited an inhibitory effect on the proliferation of LoVo cells by inhibiting cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase transition, with an inactivation of cyclin B1/cell division cycle 2 and induction of cell apoptosis, in part via cytochrome c- and deoxyadenosine triphosphate-mediated activation of apoptotic protease activating factor 1. In vivo studies revealed that luteolin effectively decreased the colon tumor body weight of mice. Therefore, the evidence suggests that luteolin may be a potential chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic agent against human colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Chen
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Renjie Shi
- Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
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Kim YS, Lee HJ, Park JM, Han YM, Kangwan N, Oh JY, Lee DY, Hahm KB. Targeted molecular ablation of cancer stem cells for curing gastrointestinal cancers. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 11:1059-1070. [PMID: 28707966 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2017.1356224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Abundance of the ATPase-binding cassette (ABC) transporters and deranged self-renewal pathways characterize the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in gastrointestinal cancers (GI cancers), which play crucial roles in tumorigenesis, chemotherapy resistance, tumor recurrence, and cancer metastasis. Therefore, in order to ensure high cure rates, chemoquiescence, CSCs should be ablated. Recent advances in either understanding CSCs or biomarker identification enable scientists to develop techniques for ablating CSCs and clinicians to provide cancer cure, especially in GI cancers characterized by inflammation-driven carcinogenesis. Areas covered: A novel approach to ablate CSCs in GI cancers, including esophageal, gastric, and colon cancers, is introduced along with explored underlying molecular mechanisms. Expert commentary: Though CSC ablation is still in the empirical stages and not in clinical practice, several strategies for ablating CSCs in GI cancers had been published, proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) that regulate the membrane-bound ABC transporters, which underlie drug resistance; chloroquine (CQ) that inhibits autophagy, which is responsible for tumor survival; Hedgehog/Wnt/Notch inhibitors that influence the underlying stem-cell growth, and some natural products including Korean red ginseng, cancer-preventive kimchi, Artemisia extract, EGCG from green tea, and walnut extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Seok Kim
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Hanyang University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea
| | - Ho Jae Lee
- b Department of Biochemistry , Gachon University College of Medicine , Incheon , Korea
| | - Jong-Min Park
- c CHA Cancer Prevention Research Center , CHA University , Seongnam , Korea
| | - Young-Min Han
- c CHA Cancer Prevention Research Center , CHA University , Seongnam , Korea
| | - Napapan Kangwan
- d Division of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences , University of Phayao , Phayao , Thailand
| | | | | | - Ki Baik Hahm
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Hanyang University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea.,c CHA Cancer Prevention Research Center , CHA University , Seongnam , Korea.,f Digestive Disease Center , CHA University Bundang Medical Center , Seongnam , Korea
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34
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Kang KA, Piao MJ, Ryu YS, Hyun YJ, Park JE, Shilnikova K, Zhen AX, Kang HK, Koh YS, Jeong YJ, Hyun JW. Luteolin induces apoptotic cell death via antioxidant activity in human colon cancer cells. Int J Oncol 2017; 51:1169-1178. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.4091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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35
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Wang Q, Wang H, Jia Y, Ding H, Zhang L, Pan H. Luteolin reduces migration of human glioblastoma cell lines via inhibition of the p-IGF-1R/PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:3545-3551. [PMID: 28927111 PMCID: PMC5588063 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Luteolin (3′,4′,5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone) is a common dietary flavonoid, which has been demonstrated to exert anticancer effects in multiple cancer models. However, the detailed mechanisms underlying the inhibitory effect of luteolin on glioblastoma cell metastasis remain poorly understood. The present study assessed the effects of luteolin in the U251MG and U87MG human glioblastoma cell lines. Luteolin treatment significantly inhibited glioblastoma cell migration, and this effect was associated with downregulated matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9 and upregulated tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 and TIMP-2. In addition, luteolin also inhibited the epithelial-mesenchymal transition-associated phenotype. Furthermore, the phosphorylated insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor/phosphoinositide 3 kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (p-IGF-1R/PI3K/AKT/mTOR) signaling pathway was demonstrated to participate in these processes. The results of the present study demonstrated that the flavonoid luteolin reduced the migration of glioblastoma cells by altering p-IGF-1R/PI3K/AKT/mTOR activation, and may have potential applications for chemoprevention in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Handong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Yue Jia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Hui Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Hao Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
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Lu X, Li Y, Li X, Aisa HA. Luteolin induces apoptosis in vitro through suppressing the MAPK and PI3K signaling pathways in gastric cancer. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:1993-2000. [PMID: 28789432 PMCID: PMC5530081 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Luteolin, an active component of traditional Chinese medicine, exhibits potential for anti-tumor proliferation; however, the molecular events occurring in such process and the signal transduction pathways involved are currently unknown. Our group previously reported that luteolin inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in the gastric cancer cell line BGC-823. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanism by which the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathways regulate the apoptosis in vitro of BGC-823 cells following treatment with luteolin. It was observed that luteolin induced apoptosis through the intrinsic pathway by increasing the levels of caspase-3, caspase-9 and cytochrome c, and the ratio of B-cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2 associated X protein (Bax) to Bcl-2. Luteolin suppressed the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase in the MAPK signaling pathway, as well as suppressing the phosphorylation of AKT, PI3K and mechanistic target of rapamycin in the PI3K signaling pathway. In addition, luteolin combined with LY294002 markedly increased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, while when combined with U0126, luteolin had less effects on the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio compared with luteolin treatment alone, suggesting that both the MAPK and PI3K signaling pathways are involved in the apoptosis induced by luteolin. Furthermore, luteolin attenuated the MAPK and PI3K signaling pathways by increasing the expression of specific dual-specificity phosphatases and decreasing the expression of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 16 at the messenger RNA level, respectively. Taken together, the present results demonstrate that luteolin is a potential chemotherapeutic agent against gastric cancer by exerting a dual inhibition on the MAPK and PI3K signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Lu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, P.R. China
| | - Yanhong Li
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology, College of Life Science, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, P.R. China
| | - Haji Akber Aisa
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, P.R. China
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Novel Structurally Related Flavones Augment Cell Death Induced by rhsTRAIL. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18061211. [PMID: 28587286 PMCID: PMC5486034 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18061211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
TRAIL (tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand) was identified as a powerful activator of apoptosis in tumor cells and one of the most promising candidates for cancer therapy with no toxicity against normal tissues. However, many tumor cells are resistant to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. The aim of this work was to analyze the improvement of the anticancer effect of rhsTRAIL (recombinant human soluble TRAIL) by nine flavones: 5-Hydroxyflavone, 6-Hydroxyflavone, 7-Hydroxyflavone and their new synthetic derivatives 5-acetoxyflavone, 5-butyryloxyflavone, 6-acetoxyflavone, 6-butyryloxyflavone, 7-acetoxyflavone and 7-butyryloxyflavone. We examined the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of rhsTRAIL enhanced by novel structurally-related flavones on SW480 and SW620 colon cancer cells using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide test, the lactate dehydrogenase assay and annexin V-FITC fluorescence staining. We observed a slight difference in the activities of the flavones that was dependent on their chemical structure. Our study indicates that all nine flavones significantly augment cell death by rhsTRAIL (cytotoxicity range 36.8 ± 1.7%–91.4 ± 1.7%; apoptosis increase of 33.0 ± 0.7%–78.5 ± 0.9%). Our study demonstrates the potential use of tested flavones in TRAIL-based anticancer therapy and prevention.
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Park EH, Bae WY, Eom SJ, Kim KT, Paik HD. Improved antioxidative and cytotoxic activities of chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) florets fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum KCCM 11613P. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2017; 18:152-160. [PMID: 28124843 PMCID: PMC5296231 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1600063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Antioxidative and cytotoxic effects of chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum were investigated to improve their biofunctional activities. Total polyphenol (TP) content was measured by the Folin-Denis method, and the antioxidant activities were assessed by the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method and β-carotene bleaching method. AGS, HeLa, LoVo, MCF-7, and MRC-5 (normal) cells were used to examine the cytotoxic effects by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT) assay. The TP content of fermented chamomile reduced from 21.75 to 18.76 mg gallic acid equivalent (mg GAE)/g, but the DPPH radical capturing activity of fermented chamomile was found to be 11.1% higher than that of nonfermented chamomile after 72 h of fermentation. Following the β-carotene bleaching, the antioxidative effect decreased because of a reduction in pH during fermentation. Additionally, chamomile fermented for 72 h showed a cytotoxic effect of about 95% against cancer cells at 12.7 mg solid/ml of broth, but MRC-5 cells were significantly less sensitive against fermented chamomile samples. These results suggest that the fermentation of chamomile could be applied to develop natural antioxidative and anticancer products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Hye Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Won-Young Bae
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Su-Jin Eom
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Kee-Tae Kim
- Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Hyun-Dong Paik
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
- Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
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El-Houseini ME, El-Agoza IA, Sakr MM, El-Malky GM. Novel protective role of curcumin and taurine combination against experimental hepatocarcinogenesis. Exp Ther Med 2016; 13:29-36. [PMID: 28123463 PMCID: PMC5244977 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocarcinogenesis is a prerequisite to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which is one of the most common cancers among humans. Therefore, it is important to search for agents that protect against hepatocarcinogenesis. The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of a combination of taurine and curcumin against experimental hepatocarcinogenesis induced by diethyl nitrosamine (DENA) in a rat model. A total of 100 rats were divided into eight groups. Eight weeks following DENA injection and treatment with curcumin and taurine, the rats were sacrificed to obtain blood and hepatic tissue samples for the evaluation of various markers and histopathological observations. Serum levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), α-fetoprotein (AFP) and α-L-fucosidase (AFU) were determined. Rats injected with DENA for eight weeks showed a high percentage of malignant changes in hepatic tissues, as well as a significant increases in the serum levels of AFP and AFU and significant reductions in the serum levels of IL-2 and IFN-γ. Treatment with curcumin and taurine markedly reduced the extent of malignant changes in the rat liver tissues, with their liver tissues showing patterns similar to that of the normal control rats. In addition, this combination resulted in normal serum levels of IL-2, IFN-γ, AFP and AFU. The results of the present study suggested that a combination of curcumin and taurine may be a novel prophylactic agent against hepatocarcinogenesis in high-risk groups exposed to chemical hepatocarcinogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motawa Eisa El-Houseini
- Department of Tumor Biology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo 11796, Egypt; Department of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo 11796, Egypt
| | | | - Mona Mohamed Sakr
- Department of Tumor Biology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo 11796, Egypt; Department of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo 11796, Egypt
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Mérida-Ortega Á, Hernández-Alcaraz C, Hernández-Ramírez RU, García-Martínez A, Trejo-Valdivia B, Salinas-Rodríguez A, Svensson K, Cebrián ME, Franco-Marina F, López-Carrillo L. Phthalate exposure, flavonoid consumption and breast cancer risk among Mexican women. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2016; 96:167-172. [PMID: 27690147 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 07/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate if selected phthalate exposure and flavonoid intake interact on breast cancer (BC) risk. MATERIAL AND METHODS Interviews and urine samples were obtained from 233 women with histologically confirmed BC and 221 healthy controls matched by age and place of residence, from various states of northern Mexico. Urinary metabolites concentrations of diethyl phthalate (DEP), butyl benzyl phthalate (BBzP) and dioctyl phthalate (DOP) were determined by solid-phase extraction coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography/isotope dilution/tandem mass spectrometry. Using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire, consumption of five types of flavonoids (anthocyanidins, flavan-3-ols, flavanones, flavones and flavonols) was estimated according to three food groups: vegetables, fruits and legumes-oil seeds. RESULTS A higher intake of anthocyanidins and flavan-3-ols (from vegetables), synergistically increased the negative association between BBzP and BC. No other significant flavonoid-phthalate multiplicative interactions on the risk for BC were found. CONCLUSION The consumption of some flavonoids may interact with exposure to phthalates on the risk of BC. Epidemiological and underlying mechanisms information is still insufficient and requires further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Katherine Svensson
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, USA
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Abstract
Many food-derived phytochemical compounds and their derivatives represent a cornucopia of new anticancer compounds. Despite extensive study of luteolin, the literature has no information on the exact mechanisms or molecular targets through which it deters cancer progression. This review discusses existing data on luteolin's anticancer activities and then offers possible explanations for and molecular targets of its cancer-preventive action. Luteolin prevents tumor development largely by inactivating several signals and transcription pathways essential for cancer cells. This review also offers insights into the molecular mechanisms and targets through which luteolin either prevents cancer or mediates cancer cell death.
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Lim DY, Shin SH, Lee MH, Malakhova M, Kurinov I, Wu Q, Xu J, Jiang Y, Dong Z, Liu K, Lee KY, Bae KB, Choi BY, Deng Y, Bode A, Dong Z. A natural small molecule, catechol, induces c-Myc degradation by directly targeting ERK2 in lung cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 7:35001-14. [PMID: 27167001 PMCID: PMC5085205 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Various carcinogens induce EGFR/RAS/MAPK signaling, which is critical in the development of lung cancer. In particular, constitutive activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (ERK2) is observed in many lung cancer patients, and therefore developing compounds capable of targeting ERK2 in lung carcinogenesis could be beneficial. We examined the therapeutic effect of catechol in lung cancer treatment. Catechol suppressed anchorage-independent growth of murine KP2 and human H460 lung cancer cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. Catechol inhibited ERK2 kinase activity in vitro, and its direct binding to the ERK2 active site was confirmed by X-ray crystallography. Phosphorylation of c-Myc, a substrate of ERK2, was decreased in catechol-treated lung cancer cells and resulted in reduced protein stability and subsequent down-regulation of total c-Myc. Treatment with catechol induced G1 phase arrest in lung cancer cells and decreased protein expression related to G1-S progression. In addition, we showed that catechol inhibited the growth of both allograft and xenograft lung cancer tumors in vivo. In summary, catechol exerted inhibitory effects on the ERK2/c-Myc signaling axis to reduce lung cancer tumor growth in vitro and in vivo, including a preclinical patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model. These findings suggest that catechol, a natural small molecule, possesses potential as a novel therapeutic agent against lung carcinogenesis in future clinical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Young Lim
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, MN, USA
| | - Seung Ho Shin
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, MN, USA
- Program in Biomedical Informatics and Computational Biology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Mee-Hyun Lee
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, MN, USA
- The China-US (Henan) Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | | | | | - Qiong Wu
- The China-US (Henan) Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- The Pathophysiology Department, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Jinglong Xu
- The Pathophysiology Department, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Hunan, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanan Jiang
- The Pathophysiology Department, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Hunan, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ziming Dong
- The Pathophysiology Department, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Hunan, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kangdong Liu
- The China-US (Henan) Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- The Pathophysiology Department, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Hunan, China
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kun Yeong Lee
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, MN, USA
| | - Ki Beom Bae
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, MN, USA
| | - Bu Young Choi
- Pharmaceutical Science and Engineering, School of Convergence Bioscience and Technology, Seowon University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Yibin Deng
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, MN, USA
| | - Ann Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, MN, USA
| | - Zigang Dong
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, MN, USA
- The China-US (Henan) Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- The Pathophysiology Department, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Hunan, China
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, China
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Diederich M, Cerella C. Non-canonical programmed cell death mechanisms triggered by natural compounds. Semin Cancer Biol 2016; 40-41:4-34. [PMID: 27262793 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Natural compounds are the fundament of pharmacological treatments and more than 50% of all anticancer drugs are of natural origins or at least derived from scaffolds present in Nature. Over the last 25 years, molecular mechanisms triggered by natural anticancer compounds were investigated. Emerging research showed that molecules of natural origins are useful for both preventive and therapeutic purposes by targeting essential hallmarks and enabling characteristics described by Hanahan and Weinberg. Moreover, natural compounds were able to change the differentiation status of selected cell types. One of the earliest response of cells treated by pharmacologically active compounds is the change of its morphology leading to ultra-structural perturbations: changes in membrane composition, cytoskeleton integrity, alterations of the endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria and of the nucleus lead to formation of morphological alterations that are a characteristic of both compound and cancer type preceding cell death. Apoptosis and autophagy were traditionally considered as the most prominent cell death or cell death-related mechanisms. By now multiple other cell death modalities were described and most likely involved in response to chemotherapeutic treatment. It can be hypothesized that especially necrosis-related phenotypes triggered by various treatments or evolving from apoptotic or autophagic mechanisms, provide a more efficient therapeutic outcome depending on cancer type and genetic phenotype of the patient. In fact, the recent discovery of multiple regulated forms of necrosis and the initial elucidation of the corresponding cell signaling pathways appear nowadays as important tools to clarify the immunogenic potential of non-canonical forms of cell death induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Diederich
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea.
| | - Claudia Cerella
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer, Hôpital Kirchberg, 9, rue Edward Steichen, L-2540 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
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Pro-apoptotic activity against cancer stem cells differs between different parts of sweet sorghum. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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Cho HJ, Lim DY, Kwon GT, Kim JH, Huang Z, Song H, Oh YS, Kang YH, Lee KW, Dong Z, Park JHY. Benzyl Isothiocyanate Inhibits Prostate Cancer Development in the Transgenic Adenocarcinoma Mouse Prostate (TRAMP) Model, Which Is Associated with the Induction of Cell Cycle G1 Arrest. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:264. [PMID: 26907265 PMCID: PMC4783993 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17020264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) is a hydrolysis product of glucotropaeolin, a compound found in cruciferous vegetables, and has been shown to have anti-tumor properties. In the present study, we investigated whether BITC inhibits the development of prostate cancer in the transgenic adenocarcinoma mouse prostate (TRAMP) mice. Five-week old, male TRAMP mice and their nontransgenic littermates were gavage-fed with 0, 5, or 10 mg/kg of BITC every day for 19 weeks. The weight of the genitourinary tract increased markedly in TRAMP mice and this increase was suppressed significantly by BITC feeding. H and E staining of the dorsolateral lobes of the prostate demonstrated that well-differentiated carcinoma (WDC) was a predominant feature in the TRAMP mice. The number of lobes with WDC was reduced by BITC feeding while that of lobes with prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia was increased. BITC feeding reduced the number of cells expressing Ki67 (a proliferation marker), cyclin A, cyclin D1, and cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)2 in the prostatic tissue. In vitro cell culture results revealed that BITC decreased DNA synthesis, as well as CDK2 and CDK4 activity in TRAMP-C2 mouse prostate cancer cells. These results indicate that inhibition of cell cycle progression contributes to the inhibition of prostate cancer development in TRAMP mice treated with BITC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Jin Cho
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Korea.
- WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea.
| | - Do Young Lim
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA.
| | - Gyoo Taik Kwon
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Korea.
- Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon 443-270, Korea.
| | - Ji Hee Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Korea.
| | - Zunnan Huang
- Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Diagnostics of Guangdong Province, Dongguan Scientific Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China.
| | - Hyerim Song
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Korea.
| | - Yoon Sin Oh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 406-799, Korea.
| | - Young-Hee Kang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Korea.
| | - Ki Won Lee
- WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea.
- Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon 443-270, Korea.
| | - Zigang Dong
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA.
| | - Jung Han Yoon Park
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Korea.
- Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon 443-270, Korea.
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
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Bose Mazumdar A, Chattopadhyay S. Sequencing, De novo Assembly, Functional Annotation and Analysis of Phyllanthus amarus Leaf Transcriptome Using the Illumina Platform. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 6:1199. [PMID: 26858723 PMCID: PMC4729934 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.01199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Phyllanthus amarus Schum. and Thonn., a widely distributed annual medicinal herb has a long history of use in the traditional system of medicine for over 2000 years. However, the lack of genomic data for P. amarus, a non-model organism hinders research at the molecular level. In the present study, high-throughput sequencing technology has been employed to enhance better understanding of this herb and provide comprehensive genomic information for future work. Here P. amarus leaf transcriptome was sequenced using the Illumina Miseq platform. We assembled 85,927 non-redundant (nr) "unitranscript" sequences with an average length of 1548 bp, from 18,060,997 raw reads. Sequence similarity analyses and annotation of these unitranscripts were performed against databases like green plants nr protein database, Gene Ontology (GO), Clusters of Orthologous Groups (COG), PlnTFDB, KEGG databases. As a result, 69,394 GO terms, 583 enzyme codes (EC), 134 KEGG maps, and 59 Transcription Factor (TF) families were generated. Functional and comparative analyses of assembled unitranscripts were also performed with the most closely related species like Populus trichocarpa and Ricinus communis using TRAPID. KEGG analysis showed that a number of assembled unitranscripts were involved in secondary metabolites, mainly phenylpropanoid, flavonoid, terpenoids, alkaloids, and lignan biosynthetic pathways that have significant medicinal attributes. Further, Fragments Per Kilobase of transcript per Million mapped reads (FPKM) values of the identified secondary metabolite pathway genes were determined and Reverse Transcription PCR (RT-PCR) of a few of these genes were performed to validate the de novo assembled leaf transcriptome dataset. In addition 65,273 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were also identified. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first transcriptomic dataset of P. amarus till date. Our study provides the largest genetic resource that will lead to drug development and pave the way in deciphering various secondary metabolite biosynthetic pathways in P. amarus, especially those conferring the medicinal attributes of this potent herb.
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Chakrabarti M, Ray SK. Synergistic anti-tumor actions of luteolin and silibinin prevented cell migration and invasion and induced apoptosis in glioblastoma SNB19 cells and glioblastoma stem cells. Brain Res 2015; 1629:85-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 10/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Scarpa ES, Ninfali P. Phytochemicals as Innovative Therapeutic Tools against Cancer Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:15727-42. [PMID: 26184171 PMCID: PMC4519921 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160715727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Revised: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The theory that several carcinogenetic processes are initiated and sustained by cancer stem cells (CSCs) has been validated, and specific methods to identify the CSCs in the entire population of cancer cells have also proven to be effective. This review aims to provide an overview of recently acquired scientific knowledge regarding phytochemicals and herbal extracts, which have been shown to be able to target and kill CSCs. Many genes and proteins that sustain the CSCs’ self-renewal capacity and drug resistance have been described and applications of phytochemicals able to interfere with these signaling systems have been shown to be operatively efficient both in vitro and in vivo. Identification of specific surface antigens, mammosphere formation assays, serial colony-forming unit assays, xenograft transplantation and label-retention assays coupled with Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) activity evaluation are the most frequently used techniques for measuring phytochemical efficiency in killing CSCs. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that EGCG, curcumin, piperine, sulforaphane, β-carotene, genistein and the whole extract of some plants are able to kill CSCs. Most of these phytochemicals act by interfering with the canonical Wnt (β-catenin/T cell factor-lymphoid enhancer factor (TCF-LEF)) pathway implicated in the pathogenesis of several cancers. Therefore, the use of phytochemicals may be a true therapeutic strategy for eradicating cancer through the elimination of CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paolino Ninfali
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino (PU) 61029, Italy.
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49
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Park EH, Kim HS, Eom SJ, Kim KT, Paik HD. Antioxidative and Anticanceric Activities of Magnolia (Magnolia denudata) Flower Petal Extract Fermented by Pediococcus acidilactici KCCM 11614. Molecules 2015; 20:12154-65. [PMID: 26151113 PMCID: PMC6331971 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200712154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the effects of magnolia (Magnolia (M.) denudata) extract fermentation in increasing the extract's antioxidative and anticancer activities were investigated. Magnolia was fermented by Pediococcus acidilactici KCCM 11614. The total phenolic content was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu's method and the antioxidative effects by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazy (DPPH) and ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) assay. Anticancer activity against cancer and normal cells was determined using 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT). Total phenolic content during fermentation increased from 38.1 to 47.0 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g of solid matter. The radical scavenging activity was 91.4% after 72 h fermentation. Fermented magnolia's antioxidative effect was threefold higher than that of the (non-fermented) control. Fermentation (48 h) increased anticanceric activity against AGS, LoVo, and MCF-7 cancer cells 1.29- to 1.36-fold compared with that of the control, but did not affect MRC-5 (normal) cells, suggesting that fermented magnolia could be used as a natural antioxidative and anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Hye Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea; E-Mails: (E.-H.P.); (H.-S.K.); (S.J.E.)
| | - Hyun-Suk Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea; E-Mails: (E.-H.P.); (H.-S.K.); (S.J.E.)
| | - Su Jin Eom
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea; E-Mails: (E.-H.P.); (H.-S.K.); (S.J.E.)
| | - Kee-Tae Kim
- Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea; E-Mail:
| | - Hyun-Dong Paik
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea; E-Mails: (E.-H.P.); (H.-S.K.); (S.J.E.)
- Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea; E-Mail:
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +82-2-2049-6011; Fax: +82-2-455-3082
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Park MH, Hong JE, Park ES, Yoon HS, Seo DW, Hyun BK, Han SB, Ham YW, Hwang BY, Hong JT. Anticancer effect of tectochrysin in colon cancer cell via suppression of NF-kappaB activity and enhancement of death receptor expression. Mol Cancer 2015; 14:124. [PMID: 26123287 PMCID: PMC4487202 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-015-0377-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Flavonoids are a diverse family of natural phenolic compounds commonly found in fruits and vegetables. Epidemiologic studies showed that flavonoids also reduce the risk of colon cancer. Tectochrysin is one of the major flavonoids of Alpinia oxyphylla Miquel. However, the anti-cancer effects and the molecular mechanisms of tectochrysin in colon cancer cells have not yet been reported. We investigated whether tectochrysin could inhibit colon cancer cell growth at 1, 5, 10 μg/ml. In in vivo study, we injected a tectochrysin treatment dose of 5 mg/kg to each mouse. Results Tectochrysin suppressed the growth of SW480 and HCT116 human colon cancer cells. The expression of DR3, DR4 and Fas were significantly increased, and pro-apoptotic proteins were also increased. Tectochrysin treatment also inhibited activity of NF-κB. A docking model indicated that tectochrysin binds directly to the p50 unit. In in vivo, tumor weights and volumes in mice were reduced when treated with tectochrysin. Tectochrysin leads to apoptotic cell death in colon cancer cells through activation of death receptors expression via the inhibition of NF-κB. Conclusions Tectochrysin can be a useful agent for the treatment of colon cancer cell growth as well as an adjuvant agent for chemo-resistant cancer cells growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Hee Park
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31 Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-951, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji Eun Hong
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31 Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-951, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun Sook Park
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31 Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-951, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hee Sung Yoon
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31 Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-951, Republic of Korea.
| | - Doo Won Seo
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31 Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-951, Republic of Korea.
| | - Byung Kook Hyun
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31 Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-951, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang-Bae Han
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31 Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-951, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young Won Ham
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA.
| | - Bang Yeon Hwang
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31 Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-951, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31 Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-951, Republic of Korea.
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